Grand Rapids Herald-Review Newspaper, August 1, 1896, Page 3

PASTURES AND MEADOWS. Valuable Suggestions by the Direc. tor of Cornell Station. A pasture or a meadow should be made as we make a good road—once for all, and never but once. After that it wants watching and mending and there is no difficulty in keeping it in| good condition if we only work in sym- pathy with Nature’s methods and do not attempt to go contrary to her law. He who plants contrary to the law of nature pays the penalty. To get a good pasture or meadow it is usually a good rule to summer fallow the land. There are vast stores of plant food in all soil. A leading object of all who farm should be to set free that plant food and utilize it. The office of the farmer is to take out of the soil and put in circulation the plant food and keep it rotating from soil to animal and from animal to soil. Do not sow mixed grasses. There are certain kinds of grasses that will stand our climate. The grass that stands at the head of American farm grasses is what might be called a uni- versal g timothy. The places where it does not do well are an ex- ception. 'Then comes the tall meadow fescue—a gr: that we have neglect- ed very much. Then we have the red top for low lands; and in some places we have the blue g although in other places the blue grass is not good. Sometimes it grows two or three inches high in the spring of the year and then goes “on a strike” for the remainder of the season. On our moist meadow lands, w it is naturally adapted, it makes v: nice pasture. The com- mon Kentucky blue gra the Poa pra- tense, is desirable. The little narrow- ribbed plant, Poa compressa, is wholly useless. Determine how much of each you want and mix them as you want them, according to the kind of land you have and according to the man- dates of experience. are at all times hungry for nitrogen. They want it and they want it unceasingly. It is their life blood and yet they cannot produce it. As soon as they exhause what little nitro- gen is free in the soil then they are in a condition of starvation for nitrogen. You should watch that condition and endeavor to farm according to the laws which nature has laid down on that subject. There are a great many plants that are nitrogen producer: They do | not thank you for nitrogen; just give them a little to start with and they go | on themselves and take nitrogen from | the atmosphere. Four-fifths of the air is nitrogen and an organism that can- hot get it through the roots takes it | from the a It is foolish to attempt to raise g es without nitrogen pro- ducers, clovers, the common red clover and the alsike. For pastures the com- mon red clover is better than the alsike | because it is deep rooted. There are | many reasons why a deep-rooted plant is desirable. THe air should be allow- ed to circulate down to the roots so that nitrogen can be made available. | It cannot be made available unless it | can be taken down. On pastures we want from three to five times as many plants per square foot or per acre as on a permanent meadow. Most of the permanent meadows ‘have too many plants; most of the pastures too few. Pasture grasses should cover the whole ground.—Director I. P. Roberts, Cornell (N. Y.) Experiment Station. Raising Celery for Market. The methods of growing celery, like many other things, have been greatly simplified during recent years. Varie- ties have also changed, and instead of celery being raised merely for autumn and winter use, it is now frequently met with in the public markets as early as July—hence can be had nearly the entire year. At least two crops are taken in one season in celery districts. Wor early celery the seed is sown in hot- beds and set in the open ground at | the same time as other early crops. Outdoor sowing is early enough for getting the crop in by September, and such may be put out as soon as the plants are large enough. Generally this will not be until July 1. The same | sowing should give plants to set out | to Aug. 1. For late planting, the tops | of the leaves may be shared off, as this | induces a more stock growth, keeping | them at the same time a good trans- nlanting size. ) Land already planted to peas, pota- toes, cabbage, etc., for early crops, will | answer for celer Every other row of | potatoes may have the stalks put to one | side and the celery set six inches apart. | Market gardeners set them three plants | A Well-Grown Celery Plant. to the foot. If put between cabbage, | grown flax on sod land; has found that every other row will answer; if among | peas, between each row, so that celery stands three to four feet apart in the rows. When this first crop can be cleared off altogether, do so and culti- vate the land for the celery’s benefit. For family use, 100 plants will proba- bly be enough. It will be better in four rows, so that one may be earthed up for first use, the next for late au tumn and the other two for winter. To bleach celery requires two qr three weeks in hot weather and double that time in autuma. When bleached, use as soon as possible, as it is liable to injury if kept long it hot weather. That intended for late use should not be earthed up or bleached before Octo- ber, as it keeps better and partially bleaches during the winter months, Formerly this bleaching wus done en- tirely by banking up with soil. Now it is often accomplished by boards being placed against the plants and soil filled in about the stems even with the tops of the boards. Anything which keeps fhe plants from the lighti bleaches them. drain tile. In all cases the growing tops must be exposed, as through them the plants increase in size while being bleached.—Edgar Sanders. The Horse Nettle. This pest of many a good meadow farm is commonly found from Con- necticut south to Florida and west to Texas. It is very abundant in por- tions of the prairie states, especially Illinois and Missouri, occurring not A Troublesome Weed. only in fields and along roadsides but in the streets of cities and on vacant lots and too often in cultivated fields, where it does great injury to crops. Its common name, horse nettle, botan- ical Solanum Carolinense, does rot in- dicate that this weed is closely related to the cultivated potato, but the bo- tanical name of the genus shows close relationship. An examination of the the flowers shows they much resemble those of the potato, being bluish or whitish in color. The berry, commonly called the seed, also resembles that formed on the potato. The leaves have large prickles on the midrib and some of the larger lateral ribs. They are also slightly hairy. The stem is beset with numerous stout prickles. Many of the related plants of this genus are annuals, but horse nettle is a deep- rooted perennial, its roots often ex- tending three feet or more into the soil. This fact makes it a very tena- cious weed, very difficult to extermi- nate. For this reason the weed grows in dense patches, which are carefully avoided by stock in pastures. I would advise plowing the land at this season, allowing none of the leaves to appear. The plants should be kept down the succeeding year. Plow the ground again next summer. Sow thickly with rye and keep watch of the nettle, al- lowing none to grow. Careful work for two seasons should remove it.— | Prof. L. H. Pammel. Vegetable Forcing House. A good plan for securing a maximum of warmth at the least possible ex- Bank Facing House. penditure of internal heat is shown be- low. Such a house is, moreover, cheaply built wherever loose stones are abundant, whether the stones be ir- regularly faced, or simply rounded cob- blestones. A cut is made into the bank and a wall laid up in cement, or cement and lime. The rear and quad walls should have 2 tile drain just. out- side of their base, coming out upon the surface at the front. The rear wall should rise a little above the ground, which should be graded a trifle higher in the middle at the rear than at the ends, to turn aside the surface water. The tile drain will take care of all wa- ter that soal down through the ground. The wall in front is extended | a little beyond either end of the build- ing to retain a full bank of earth against the end walls. The interior ar- rangement will, of course, be. similar | to any single-roofed forcing house. Agricultural Notes. The farmer who understands his business does not waste time trying to raise crops to which his soil and cii- | mate are not adapted. Oats cut in the dough lost thirty-two | per cent in weight, and oats cut in hard | dough lost twenty per cent as com- | pared with oats cut fully ripe. Digestion tests at the Texas station show that there is little difference in the feeding value of different kinds of sweet sorghum; a pound of sweet sor- ghum has greater food value than a | pound of non-saccharine sorghum; as sorghum ripens woody fiber decreases, and the fats, starch, sugar and flesh- formers increase; hence sorghum in- ; creases in food value till fully ripe. The Texas station has successfully green crops turned under in dry or cool weather will not sour the !#nd; that the coast soils of Texas are bene- fited by applications of phosphoric acid, and warm sandy soils by nitro- gen; that the great quantities of tat guano found in Texas contain about 10 per cent of nitrogen and is also rich in phosphoric acid. Some even draw them through |- Awarded i WHERE THEYSTAND | MINNESOTA NEWS. | titghest ttonors world’s’ Fatr, | PLATFORM PREPARED BY THE SUB- COMMITTEE ON RESOLUTIONS. — » It Declares for the Free and Unlim- ited Coinage of Gold and Silver at the Ratio of 16 to 1, for Land Laws and Direct Lesislation — The Omaha Platform Is Reatf- firmed. St. Locis, July 23.—The subcommittee of twenty-five ef the I'cyulist cominittee on resolutions was at work at midnight on the platform to be reported at the full commit- tee to-morrow. Jt had at that time agreed uron a preamble and financial and: land planks and upon some minor matters. As the subcemmittee comprises a majority of the entire committee it is mor2 than prob- able that its recommenéations will, be ac- cepted. So far as the platform has been completed it is as follows: The People’s party, assembled In national convention, reaffirms its allegiance to the principles declared by the founders of the republic and also to the fundamental prin- ciples of just government as enunciated In the platform of the party in 1802, but. recognizes that through the action of the present and preceding admlalstrations the country thas reached a crisis in its national life, as predicted in our platform four years ago, and at present prompt and patri- otic action is the supreme duty of the hour. We realize that, while we have po- litical independence, our -financial and in- dustrial independence is yet to be attained by restoring to the people's government tie constitutional control and exercise of the functions necessary to that end, which functions have been basely surrendered by our public servants to corporate monopolies. The influence of European money changers has been more potent in shaping legisla- tion than the voice of the American people. Executive power and patronage have been used to corrupt our legislatures and defeat the will of the people, and plutocracy has thereby been enthroned upon the ruins of democracy, To restore the government of the fathers and fer the welfare and pros- perity of this and future generations, we demand the establishment of our economic and financial system, which shall make us masters of our own affairs and independent of European control by the adoption of the following declaration of prin¢iples: First—We demand a national currency, safe and sound, issued by the general gov- ernment only, a full legal tender for all debts, public and private, and without the use of banking corporations; and honest, equitable and efficient means of distribution direct to the people, and through the lawful disbursements of the government. Second—We demand the free and unre- stricted coinage of silver and gold at the prosent legal ratio of 16 to 1 by the United States, without waiting for the consent of foreign nations. Third—We demand that the volume of circulating medium be speedily increased to an amount sufficient to meet the demands of the business and population of this coun- try, and to restore the just level of prices of labor and production, and thereby estab- lish prosperity and happiness for the people. Fourth—We denounce the sale of bonds and the increase of the public interest-bear- ing debt made by the Democratic adminis- tration as unnecessary and without author- ity of law, and we demand a law absolutely prohibiting the sale of bonds and increase of the public debt, except in accordance with an act or acts of congress authorizing the same. Fifth—We demand such legislation as will prevent demonetization of the lawful money of the United States by private contract. Sixth—We demand that the government, in payment of its obligations, shall ‘use its option as to taking of lawful money in which they are to be paid, and we denounc the present and preceding administrations for surrendering this option to the holders of government obligations. Seventh—We demand a graduated income tax to the end that aggregated wealth shall bear its just proportion of taxation, and we denounce the recent decision of the supreme court in regard to the income tax law as a misinterprétation of the con- stitution and an invasion of the rightful powers of congress over the subject of taxation. Eighth—We demand that postal saving banks be established by the government for the safe deposit of the savings of the people and to facilitate exchange. A true pblicy demands that the national and state legislation shall be such as will ultimately enable every prudent and indus- trious man to own a home and, therefore, the Jand should not be monopolized for speculative purposes. All agricultural and grazing lands:now held by railroad corpora- tions in excess of their actual need should, by lawful means, be reclaimed by the gov- ernment and held for actual settlers only, and private monopoly should be prevented ah appropriate state and national legisla- jon. We condemn the fraud the land grant Pacific railroad companies have, through the connivance of the interior department, robbed multitudes of their homes and min- ers of their claims, and we demand legis- lation by congress which will enforce the exception of mineral land from such grants after as well as before patent. We hold that all governments derive their just powers from the consent of the governed, and in order that the consent of the governed may be clearly ascertained, we favor direct legislation under proper constitutional safeguards, so that a given percentage of the citizens*shall have the right of initiating, framing and preparing laws. and of compelling the submission thereof, and of all important laws, whether proposed by national, state or local legis- latures, to a direct vote of the people for their approval or rejection. Transportation being a means of ex- change and a public necessity, the govern- ment should own-and operate the railroads in the interest of the people; to the end that all men may be accorded the same treatment in transportation. and that the tyrrany and political power now exercised by the great corporations, which result in the impairment, if not the destruction, of the political right and personal liberty of! the citizen, may be destroyed. Such own- ership is to be accomplished gradually, in a manner consistent with sound public policy. The interest of the United States in the public highways, built with public moneys and the proceeds of extensive tracts of land, known as the Pacific railroads, should never be alienated, mortgaged or sold, but guarded and protected for the general wel- fare, as provided by the laws organizing said Pacific railroads. The foreclosure of the subsisting liens of the United States on these roads should at once follow de- fault in the payment thereof by the debtor companies, and that upon the foreclosure of sald roads the government shall purchase the same, if it become necessary to protect its interests therein, or, if the same can be purchased at a@ reasonable price; and the government Shall operate said zaiiroads as public highways for the benefit of the whole people and not in the interest of the few, under suitable provisions for protection of life and property, giving to all transporta- tion interésts equal privileges and equal rates for fares and freights. We denounce the present infamous schemes for refunding these debts and demand that the laws now applicable thereto be executed and administered according to their true intent and spirit. : The telegraph. like the postoffice system, being a necessity for the transmission of news, should be owned and operated by the government in the interest of the people. f Interesting Hrppenings in the Nort? Star State, Charles Gustafson attempted to com- mit suicide at St. Paul by hanging. Mrs. A. R. Dalrymple and Mrs. Blanche Dalrymple were injured in a runaway accident at St. Paul. Fast horses and an Indian village will be attractions at the Minnesota state fair. The socialist sections of Minnesota have completed their consolidation and made ‘plans for the state campaign. The convention of the National Real Estate association may be held in St. Paul during encampment week. A son of August Strait, a Nicollet county farmer, was drowned in the Minnesota river at Mankato, while bathing. Mrs. At-raham Shingeldecker of Den- mark, Washington county, died from tumor, aged fortj-three years. She leaves a husband. Lumber has been ordered for a new Independent 10,000-bughel elevator to be built at Glenv-ood by J. F. Dough- erty and W. J. Wilson. C. T. Booth’s woolen mills at Chat- field were burned. Loss, $6,000; insur- ance, $2,000. The fire started from the picker. Nothing except the goods was saved. Ami Cutter, one of Anoka’s oldest settlers, has been committed to the in- sane asylum at Fergus Falls. In pi- oneer days he was active in business and politics. He was a remarkable During a recent storm lightning struck a farm barn about two miles from Henning, belcnging to John Hal- vorson, killing three horses and burn- ing the structure. The corner stone of the new school building at Heron Lake was laid by the Masonic fraternity. Grand Master Lawless of St. Paul conducted the cere- monies, assisted by Grand Secretary Montgomery. Richard Munroe, thought to be a counterfeiter, has been arrested by tl St. Paul police, and his alleged assist- ants have been arrested in Minneapo- lis. J. I. Vermilye has issued a call for a conference of silver men of the First congressional district, to be held at Austin Friday, Aug. 11. He asks that a candidate be named at this confer- ence. man, and helped greatly to build up the city. He owns considerable prop- erty-in Anoka. Of late years he has made a name and a fortune as a inag- netic healer, having a large practice in St. Paul, Chicago and other cities. Lewis Sumner, aged twenty-four years, living on a farm near Dundas, was drowned while bathing in the Cannon river, above tkat village. De- ceased was the only son of Joel Sum- ner. Two boys named Gustav Zeiss and Peter C. Hathaway, sentenced to ‘he state training school at Red Wing, some two months ago, were released upon a writ of habeas corpus by Judg- W.. €. Williston of Hastings. . An order was granted at Hastings wherein Deputy Sheriff D. T. Quealy received $150 and Policemen Johu Casey and P. E. Murnare of St. Paul, $25 each, the state reward for the capture and. conviction of Albert Patchie, the horse thief. The state training school for the teachers of 'reeborn county opened at Albert Lea with a large enrollment. The meetings are held in the assembly hall of the eity schools, and it is ex- pected that over one hundred will be enrolled before the session closes. John Gatz, a mescn employed in the building of the new school of St. Jo- seph’s society at Winona, fell from a scaffold to the ground, forty feet. He alighted on his feet and suffered no broken bones, but it is feared he suf- fered internal injuries which will prove serious. A stabbing affray occurred at New Paynesville. Two tramps got into an altercation, and one drew a knife and stabbed the other. A lopg, deep cut down the side of the face and neck was inflicted; severing the temporal artery. It is thought that the wound- ed man will live. The fellow who did the cutting fled. A very severe wind and rain storm struck Barnesville recently, and Blew down the large frame addition just nut up for the Columbia hctel. A large wind mill belonging to Editor Snell was overturned, two stables lifted from their foundations and several windows on Front street blown in, one ot them badly cutting Mr. Robinson. Reports of lodged grain are expected. The Mankato council passed an or- dinance to deal with the tramp nui- sance. It provides that the vagrants may be set at work on the streets or stone piles ,and in case they refuse to work, shall be given a diet of bread und water until they do. The city has been greatly troubled with tramps this summer, and the citizeus have been demanding protection. While the boat Robert Harris was returning to Winona with an excur- sion from La Crosse, Adolph Francis, forty years of age, leaped from the barge which the boat had in tow. He is said to have been under the infiu- ence of liquor at the time. He was a farm hand and well known in Wino- na. He had a brother living at Mo- line. Il., and a brother at Lewiston, Minn. August Griefenderf is locked up at St. Paul on a charge of arson. The po- live received a tip that he was going to burn his dwelling, which was insured for $2,800 and watched it for two nights, but the second night they were driven away by a thunderstorm. They notified the fire department to be on the watch and when a little later the front of the house was blown out by a terrific explosion Griefendorf was ar- rested. The Brainerd & Northern Minnesota Railroad company has completed ar- rangements to ship freight over their road to Walker, and then by team and steamboat to Bemidji, a new town thirty-five miles north of Walker. ‘rhis town has heretofore shipped all freight through Park Rapids. This move means for Walker a heavy in- crease in business, as Bemidji has a {farming population of several thou- sand, and all thei: produce must find an outlet through Walker by this ar- riingemer-t. ‘DR: . ._ ¢ MOST PERFECT MADE. A pure Grape Cream of Tartar Powder. Free om Ammonia, Alum or any other adulterant, 4O YEARS THE STANDARD. Principal Value. Teacher—Tell me, Johnnie, what is the principal value of history. Johnnie Chaftie—One dollar. Teacher—One dollar? Johnnie Chaffie—Yes; you get the history from the book store for $2 a copy, and make us boys pay $3 for them.—Texas Siftings. A Veil of Mist Rising at morning or evening from some lowlands, often carries in its folds the seeds of malaria. Where m jal fever prevail no one is safe, unless protected by some efficient medicinal safeguard. Hos- tetter’s stomach Bitters is both a protec- tion and a remedy. No person who in- habits, or soujourns in a miasmatic region or country, should omit to procure this fortifying agent, which is also the finest known remedy for dyspepsia, constipation, kidney trouble and rheumatism. Why, the Winds Howl. “How the winds howl to-night,” said the melancholy boarder. “I shouldn’t wonder if it had the toothache,” suggested Mr. Asbury Pep- pers. “Teothache?” “Yes. Have you never Leard of the teeth of the gale?’—Cincinnati [n- quirer. How to Grow 40c Wheat. Salzer’s Fall Seed Catalogue tells you. It’s worth thousands to the wide- awake farmer. Send 4-cent stamp for catalogue and free samples of grains and grasses for fall sowing. John A. Salzer Seed Co., La Crosse, Wis. A Bond street tobacconist takes about $75 from lady devotees of the fragrant, weed. sto} free and permanently cured. No atelier peng ‘ise of Dr. Kline's Great Nerve Kestorer, Free §2 trial bottle and treatise. Send to Dr. Kine, 931 Arch St., Philadelphia, Pa, Czar Nocholas will make his visits to the sovereigns of Europe alone. Piso’s Cure for Consumption is our only medicine for coughs and colds. Mrs. C. Beltz, 439 Sth avenue, Denver, Ccl., Nov. 8, "95. The British mints coins half a ton of pennies, half-pennies and farthings weekly. List of patents issued last week fv. Northwestern inventors: Francis M. Dean, Huron, S. D., pneu- matic track sander; Otis M. Kirlin, argo, N. D., vehicle brake; Obied D. Reisinger, St. Paul, Minn., sashholder; John ‘B. Rossman, St. Paul, Minn., concentrator and amalgamator; Charles J. Swanstrom, Deadwood, 8S. D., cur- tain holder; Edward A. Thiem, St. Paul, Minn., adjustable wheel gauge; Hjalmar Zahl, Duluth, Minn., fastener for shoe laces; Christensen & Hender- ton, Madelia, Minn. (trade mark), wheat flour; Frank A. Schnorr, Ashton, §. D. (trade mark), lubricating oils. T. D. Merwin, patent lawyer, 910, 911 and 912 Pioneer Press Building, St. Paul, Minn.; Better Method. She—I think Mr. Belasco made @ mistake in dragging Mrs. Carter around by her hair to teach her the robustness of acting. He—What would have been a better method? She—He should have put her on a bicycle and let her fall off.—Buffalo Times. Etiquette. Mr. Dun (unpaid bill in his hand)— When shall I call again,gMr. Owens? Mr. Owens—Well, it would hardly be proper for you to call again until L have returned the present call.—Cleve- land Leader. Personal, ANY ONE who has been benefited by the use of Dr. Williams’ Pink Pills, will re- ceive information of much value and in- terest by writing to Pink Pills, P. O. Box 1592 Philadelphia, Pa. The Explanation. She—Why, do yeu think Hawthorne called his stocy “The Scarlet Letter?” He (absent-minded)--He probably, wanted it read.—Washiugton Times. : The average duration of human life ts thirty-three years. The talkings of London theaters and music halls exceed $7,500,000 per annum. Pilgarlic, there is no need for you to contemplate a wig when you can enjoy the pleasure of sitting again ” under your own ‘“‘thatch. You can begin to get your hair back as soon as you begin to use Ayer’s Hai igor. pes ‘There is no dividing line. A . PLUG DON’T FORGET for 5 cents you get almost as much “Battle Ax” as you do of other brands for 10 cents. DON’T FORGET that “Battle Ax” is made of the best leaf grown, and the quality cannot be improved. DON'T FORGET, no matter how much you are charged for a small piece of other brands, the chew is no better than “ Battle Ax.” DON’T FORGETS “Economy is wealth,” and ee want all you ly can get for your money. pay 10 cents for other brands when you can get “Battle Ax” for 5 cents? SSSTSSSTTTTTTTTTTTS '