Evening Star Newspaper, January 30, 1942, Page 16

REPORT TO THE NATION 8th Instaliment of MacLeish Statement on War Efforts The attack on Pearl Harbor brought us abruptly to total war, including prices. Because the United States im- ports all but 3 per cent of its crude rubber from the embattled Far East, a tire rationing pro- gram went into effect January 5; more than 85 per cent of the Na- tion’s motor vehicle users will be unable to buy new tires. In the past, 70 to 80 per cent of our crude rubber went into new tires. Only about a year’s normal sup- p¥ of rubber was on hand Oc- tober 31. ‘War naturally means a tighten- ing of the consumer’s belt. The Director of Consumer Services of the O. P. A. is charged with see- ing that the standard of living is maintained on the highest possi- ble level consistent with military requirements. The consumer service has taken steps to create an aware buying public, by means of a field staff that aids con- sumers in understanding the effect of the war program on their daily lives. and by providing ac- curate information on good buys in food and clothing throughout the country. There is food enough to go around, but a people at war must eat the right food in the proper proportions. While prices have been held down successfully in a large sec- tor of the economy, the general price level has continued to ad- vance. The Office of Price Ad- ministrator warns that we face 8 disastrous inflationary spiral unless effective price-control leg- islation Becomes the law of the land. Food Is Plentiful. Total war will require us to do without many things—but not food. Crop and livestock produc- tion for 1941 was the greatest in the history of the country. It was the second consecutive record year. Unless we experience droughts of unparalleled severity, or divert quantities of some spe- cific product, such as sugar, into Wwar uses, we are not likely to have to carry ration cards during this war. In this, we will be unique among all the warring na- tions of the world. ‘The abundance of 1941 was planned. In December 1940 the Secretary of Agriculture appealed to farmers to increase the 1941 spring pig crop. In response, one- seventh again as many pigs were farrowed. In April 1941 with Britain requiring vast quantities of animal protein foods and vita- min-rich and mineral-rich vege- tables and fruits, the Secretary again appealed to the farmers. This time he asked for more milk, eggs, meats, tomatoes and dry beans. Six billion pounds more milk were produced, 276,000 more dozens of eggs, and 75,000,000 more pounds of meat. Even greater production goals have been set for 1942. Last fall a program was drawn up for an over-zll increase in agricultural production of 15 per cent, suffi- cient to leave us with a surplus for reserves against the future. For such commodities as wheat and cotton, of which we have huge stocks, no increase was asked. Instead, farmers were urged to produce more milk, eggs, meats, vegetables. During Octo- ber and November 125,000 farmer committeemen visited their neigh- bors in every county, reaching nine of every 10 farmers to in- vite them to sign up for in- creased production. Our entry into the war com- pelled farmers and Government to revise these 1942 production goals—upward. Especially now do we need more fats and oils, which means more soybeans and peanuts and flaxseed. The 1942 farm goals now call for produc- tion 17 per cent above 1940. Plan Against Air Raids. To defeat the enemy’s air raids by keeping him from achieving his major objectives—panic, un- checked fires, and the loss of production—is a task for private citizens as well as for the Army and Navy. The Office of Civilian Defense was established last May to mobilize the necessary forces from the civilian population. The O. C. D. has provided an organizational framework for vol- unteer efforts, with regional units under national supervision to as- sist State and local defense coun- cils. It has assembled a staff of experts on air-raid protection. It has sent two missions to England to study and report on the Eng- lish experience. It has drawn up plans for handling such emer- gencies as gas attacks and evacu- ations. It has published 58 pam- phlets 2nd handbooks on civilian protection, and of these it has distributed more than 5,000,000 copies. Thousands of instructors, who were trained before Pearl Harbor, now are holding classes daily for volunteer policemen, firemen and air-raid wardens. A civil air patrol has been established, in which it is planned to enroll 90,000 certified pilots, be- sides other thousands in the ground personnel. By perform- ing many non-military functions now assigned to the armed forces, these civilian volunteers will re- lease Army and Navy fiyers for combat duty. The Emergency Medical Serv- ice of O. C. D. is carrying out a detailed plan for the emergency expansion of medical facilities. The American Red Cross has made all its services and equip- ment available. Co-operation be- tween the Red Cross and O. C.D. will include programs for the collection of blood plasma, the enrollment of medical technol- ogists and nurses, and the train- ing of first-aid workers and volunteer nurses’ aides. The work of organizing local defense councils has gone ahead, beginning with the more critical areas near the two coasts and ex- tending inland. Last May there were only 1,500 councils and many were inactive. By November 1 there were 5549 councils with 753,000 persons enrolled. Late in December there were more than 6,000 councils and more than 3,- 500,000 volunteers had offered their services. Sabotage Prevented. On the first day of the last war when our alien population was twice as large as it is now, only 63 alien enemies were taken into custody. More than 1,000 were apprehended by midnight on December 8, 1941. This time we were well pre- pared for dealing with the alien enemy problem. Registration of more than 5,000,000 aliens had been largely completed one year ago. To prevent the entry of undesirables or the departure of aliens without proper documents, our borders were practically closed. The size of the border patrol had been doubled. The Voorhis Act of 1940 had made it possible for our Justice Department to survey and dis- close the intent, good or evil, of certain organizations under for- eign control and other groups, including exiles from conquered countries and their sympathizers, who advocate the overthrow of governments. These precautions made unnecessary such a general roundup as took place in Great Britain in 1940 when some 80,000 aliens were picked up. We know already how many aliens there are among us, who they are, where they are and what they are doing. We realize that 95 per cent of them are law-abiding and democracy-lov- ing sojourners. Since the fall of 1939, the Fed- eral Bureau of Investigation has served as a single co-ordinating agency for the investigation of matters bearing upon our in- ternal security. It directs the hourly vigilance of its own 2,800 agents, especially trained in modern techniques of counter- espionage. : Sabotage is most effectively met by preventive methods. More than two years ago a system of surveying and instituting pro- tective facilities for defense in- dustries and public utilities was set up. Detailed instructions for detecting possible sabotage at vulnerable spots have been dis- tributed widely. There have been Dr. John J. Field DENTIST th ST. NW. MEt. 9256 Building Hickeu-Froeman CUSTOMIZED CLOTHES Through a far-sighted buying policy we are in @ position to offer a large selection of Hickey-Freeman Suits, Overcoats, Topcoats, Sports Jackets and Slacks. All of our Hickey- Freeman clothes are made of fine all-wool cloths from leading foreign & domestic mills. THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., FRIDAY, JANUARY 30, 1942. explosions and fires in plants making war materials. There will be others. Most of these mishaps are the result of in- dustrial accidents. Compared to a similar period in the First World War, thus far, there has been only a negligible amount of sabotage. Radio Channels Patrolled. A 24-hour safeguard of our home front is the policing of the domestic ether to run down suspicious communications. Nine- ty-one Government mouitoring stations, strategically placed throughout the United States and our possessions, patrol the entire radio spectrum. Since July, 1940, more than 2,000 cases of illegal or subversive use of radio have been investigated and 23 operatorf have been convicted. Also detected have been 75 radio circuits operating between Ger- many and its agents abroad, s German-Japanese radio eircuit, and an active radio transmitter in the German Embassy in ‘Washington. Four particular listening posts intercept foreign broadcasts, note their contents and teletype sum- maries post-haste to interested Government agencies. No station is too weak to be caught by these foreign monitoring stations, and much information is gathered this way which is unavailable elsewhere. Many months ago the Defense Communications Board, in col- laboration with the communica- tions industry and the Federal Communications Commission, be- gan adjusting our peacetime communications system to the defense emergency. As a result, commercial services are being subjected to few restrictions. Radio stations must go off the air if staying on will make them beacons to guide enemy planes. A Complete Stock of Quality Furniture at Important Savings That May Not Be Duplicated in Years! Buy your furniture from the store that sets the pace in Value and Style! We're hitting the ALL- TIME HIGH in value-giving in the ALL-STAR SALE! We've ‘“gone the limit.” We have cut our profit margin to the bone. We have provided super-urges to buy . . . values and styles that are Supreme! Liberal Credit Terms Fifty-five thousand amateurs were ordered off the air on December 8, and some of the wave lengths reserved for their use were di- verted to mifitary purposes. Com- mercial radio stations has granted military and defen: agencies needed time on the air. Alternate facilities for all serv- ices have been arranged in case normal facilities break down or are destroyed. ‘The most effective control of information that might help the enemy is control at the source. Citizens: must learn not to pass along facts or gossip which might eventually reach Berlin or Tokio. (To Be Continued) Commissioned in Air Corps Sergt. Kenneth Wilson-King, %son of Mr. and Mrs. Russell B. King, 4710 Chevy Chase boulevard, Chevy Chase, Md., has been commissioned a second lieutenant in the Army Air Corps, it was announced today. Lt. King, s graduate of Central High School and National University, is & member of the District Bar. Federal Bar Association Hears Talk by Col. Rigby ‘The English people go complacent- ly about their daily Iife despite Ger- man bombing raids and nightly blackouts, Col. William Catron Rig- by, Judge Advocate General's De- partment, United States Army, told members of the Federal Bar Asso- ciation at their weekly luncheon meeting yesterday at the Harring- ton Hotel. Col. Rigby, who returned recently | Admiral Raeder Visits most of it had been blown out by & bomb. He recalled the courage of an 8-year-old girl, a casualty of an air raid, who, as she was carried to & first aid station, exclaimed: “Hitler can’t make me cry.” 1 William E. Reese of the General | Accounting Office, president of the association, presided at the meet- ing. Occupied France By the Associated Press. VICHY, Unoccupied France, Jan. front,” the Paris newspapers report. No detalls are given concerning the admiral’s movements. Booth Builder Gives Pay Back to Mile o’ Dimes B3 the Azsociated Press. ADA, Okla, Jan. 30.—A carpenter hired to build a Miles-O-Dimes booth in the infantile paralysis fund drive finished the job and was paid 3. . A short time later, alter the booth was set up and_decorated, he re- turned and contflbuted $3. “I just found out what the booth from a two-montih mission to Eng- | 30.—Grand Admiral Erich Raeder, was for,” he explained. land, in which he studied adminis- tration of military justice, spore in place of Richard Connor, general | counsel of the Federal Power Com- | mission, who was unable to keep | his speaking engagement before the | association. For two days Col. Righy 'ouredw’ various sections of London. In the East End there was a neighborhood that had been rocked by German bombs the night before. 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