Evening Star Newspaper, January 28, 1942, Page 4

. give credit for the really wonderful A-2 #an * Improvement Founa In Relations of -U. 5. and Chile American Ex-Professor Notes Prevalence of Interchange Students Mr. Rogers is one of a number of American mewspapermen now visiting Chile as guests of Chilean newspapers. This visit returns the visit of Chilean newspaper- men last year who were guests of ‘American newspapers, including The Star. The interchange of journalists was arranged by United States Ambassador to Chile Claude Bowers. By HAROLD B. ROGERS, Star Statf Corresponden. SANTIAGO, Chile (By Mai).— Marked improvement in the rela- tionship between Chile and the United States over the last half century is seen by Dr, Isaac Joslin Cox of Chicago, Ill, who is in Santiago to give a series of lectures in the summer session of the Uni- versity of Chile on “Development of Democracy in the United States.” Prof. Cox, who recently retired-as £ professor of Latin American history - at Northwestern University, has a vich background of both knowledge and experience in Latin American affairs. He has been studying the countries in Central and South America since he was a young teacher in the San Antonio Acad- emy at San- Antonio, Tex. He has made four trips to South America, each time visiting Chile. He made his first trip south of the American border in 1898, and also has traveled extensively in Spain, More Students from U. §. “One of the main things that ¢ mark this particular trip,” he said, * “is the growing number of students from the United States. They seem to be everywhere, and from my ex- perience for the last two years, the same thing is true of South Ameri- can students in North America. “This interchange is in itself one of the best links in Pan-American- ism, but at the same time in both | regions more care should be exer- cized in the selection of students who are to visit the respective | * countries. “In the first place, they should be students who have had a sin- cere purpose, not merely a desire to travel or to have some adventure. They should have some knowledge of the language, enough at least | to bridge over the early days of in- troduction, and in a short time to acquire reasonable facility in ex- changing ideas. “Students should likewise not lose their good judgment on finding that people of other lands do things in different ways. Doubtless they have as good a reason for thgir methods as do the people back bome. And one should give them the benefit of good judgment in such matters. Should Learn Background. “Another point is that students should, if possible, have some familiarity with the hisorical back- ground of the country” visited and of its economic and sogial develop- ment. They should be prepared to history that these coufitries present —a history that surpasses that of | the United States in length. These countries, it is true, borrowed much from our political, social and economic experience, but their bor- rowings have been adapted to their own needs and to the psychology of their people. We also have some- thing to learn from them. “In visiting these countries, one should learn to discriminate between life as shown in the larger cities, and the country life. Naturally in the later, there has been less change than in the cities, but the rural conditions more definitely show the | path of development than does city | life. During the last 20 years the | advance in the larger cities in respect to public buildings, municipal improvements, methods of com- munication, fashions and social cus- toms in general, has brought about considerable unity in external fea- tures; so that as between the capital of one country and another one | detects fewer differences than would | - have been the case 20 years ago. This | change has tended to bring about an external unity that after all is ; only a surface manifestation. During - the same period there has been an intensification of national life in each of the Latin American countries | that must be taken into considera- tion. One must grant a great deal to this national self-love, if he ex- pects to appreciate the people he is | visiting, their intimate problems and | g::mgeneral trend in their develop- | Advance in Education. EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, U. S. ARMY COMMANDERS IN BRITISH ISLES—Maj. Gen. James Chaney (left), newly named to command all American forces in the British Isles, greets Maj. Gen. Russell P. Hartle on his arrival at a North Ireland port with a contingent of American troops. —A. P. Wirephoto by Cable From London Today. British Air Marshal Calls Single Aviation Force Vital to Successful Conduct of War By VISCOUNT TRENCHARD, Marshal of the Royal Air Porce Copyright, 1942, by the Daily Telegraph, London. LONDON, Jan. 28—Far be it from me to add to the controversy that seems always to rage when any matters of how to use air power are debated. I cannot help remem- bering what a great general re- marked to me in the last war about these controversies: “Why do you deplqre the fight over air between the services? As long as there is air there will always be an air crisis due to the extraordi- nary speed and range of aircraft.” In recent months a great deal has been written in the American press and elsewhere to prove that the British system of an autonomous air force is a disastrous failure, that each and every reverse that has be- fallen British arms from Norway to Crete has been due to the existence of the third service and that even our successes, such as the sinking of the Bismarck and the improve- ment in the battle of the Atlantic and in the battle of Britain were for some mystical reason in spite of and not due to our organization. The moral is drawn that the pres- ent system in-the United States, where there are three or four sep- arate air 'forces, should bf per- petuated in the United States and extended to the British Empire. I do not presume to suggest to the United States how their forces should be organized. I do not pro- fess to be an expert on Western Hemisphere defense and would not presume to offer advice on that subject to those whose business it is further, perhaps, than to ex- press the hope that they will not permit themselves to be deluded by inexpert and biased criticism into making wrong judgments on prem- ises fantastically incorrect. The first point to remember as a background to all consideration of the lessons of this war up to date is hat we started the war in a shocking condition of weakness. For years we had been spending annually about eight times as much on the older services as we spent on the air force. Air Force Deeds Minimized. The lessons and portents of the last war were not generally under- stood and after that war most re- sponsible officers in the Navy and Army minimized the accomplish- ments of the air forces in the war and failed to foresee what should have been plain for all to see, the potentialities of air power 20 years ahead. Fifteen years later we failed to profit by the unmistakable warnings we received in 1934 or even in 1938 to take our aircraft production seriously in hand, and no one can look back today on the air situation in September, 1939, without a shud- der at our sheer audacity in going “In Chile I find there has been what I would call a really wonderful advance in education during the last 20 years, despite the lack of means since the depression began.| There has also been an important advance in means of communica- tion throughout the natiorf. The Transandino has been put out of commission by a landslide. Never- theless I find more Argentine vis- itors in Chile, and doubtless one| would find more Chileans in Argen- tina than was the case earlier. One | €an now cross the Andes by autobus | as well as traverse the country from | north to south, and the highways are being steadily improved. “The scenery of the country is very much more available than be- fore. Of course, I personally have en- Joyed the week’'s visit in the lake region in the summertime, because all my other three visits here have been in the Chilean winter. It was a delightful experience to wish our Chilean friends ‘happy new year’ at Puerto Varas. | “Half a century ago during my boyhood days, an unfortunate in- | cident turned the attention of the American people toward Chile. As a | schoolboy I took part in a debate on | the attitude our country then as- sumed and without forgetting my own devotion to my own country, then expressed some criticism of the attitude of the United States Gov-| ernment. Fortunately during the| succeeding half century those in- cidents have become fewer in num- ber, while events that call for good neighborliness have correspondingly increased. It is gratifying in the midst of a Chilean summer to look | back on 50 years that have marked | this growing sense of appreciation.” British Coal Strike Settled LONDON, Jan. 28 (#)—The 19- day strike in the Kent coal mines was settled today by s negotiated sgreement, 4 to war at all with the air force and the aircraft industry in the state they were in at that time. Even 20 months later, at the time of Crete, we had still had to con- centrate our resources on providing for the vital needs of defense at home and in the Atlantic to an extent that may be measured by | the fact that at the time of Crete | we had barely 50 serviceable fight- ers in the Middle East command and a few obsolescent American fighters at Singapore. Urged Malaya as Air Base. Fifteen years ago I, as chief of the air staff, was advocating that | Malaya should be made a great air base and that our limited allotment of money should be spent on bomb- ers and torpedo aircraft instead of on the huge guns that are there now. The situation is very different to-| day. But the significant fact is that | in onl v | we hi necessary air strength, namely, the| battle of Britain and the recent operations in Libya. And we were only able to secure that strength by a ruthless adherence to the one great principle of air warfare, the principle that in itself not only Jjustifies but imperatively demands a single autonomous air force, the principle of concentration of the | greatest available force on the task that is decisive at the time. The second point to remember, arising directly out of the first, is that the democracies cannot do in peace or even always in war all the things that are strategically de- sirable, a condition which, while it will be a strength in the long run, is often temporarily a terrible strategic handicap. Statesman Is Responsible. In a democracy, because it is a democracy, the fighting man is the servant of the statesman and strategy is profoundly affected by internal and international politics. The responsibility is with the statesman who has to justify his actions and maintain his position in a legally constituted representative assembly, representative of the people, whose knowledge of military matters is nonexistent and whose Jjudgment is frequently wrong. It is therefore all the more im- portant that advice on the applica- tion of air power should be the re- sponsibility of a single head of a centralized service, working as the chief of an expert staff who have made a life study of air power and its problems and that the decisions of the political authority, the Prime Minister and the war cabinet, should be capable of being translated into action with that promptitude and administrative efficiency which would be impossible under divided control. Concentration Is Decisive. ‘The principle of concentration on | the decisive point is indeed the es- sence of alr power. No serious ex- ponent of air power or of the sys- tem of a third service claims that ‘war can be won solely by air forces. No one weapon, no single service, | no specialized military method, can win any war. But the misuse or fail- | ure to take advantage of any one| military method may well lose & war and can very easily prolong it dis- astrously. The art of war is to know how to weld all tactics into one whole, | when to put the emphasis on one or another, how much of the Na- tlon’s resources to allot to each and, as far as air power is con- cerned, to take full advantage of jts flexibility to concentrate it in -adequate strength at the place and on the task which is of decisive importance at the time. ‘We capnot be stronger than the enemy everywhere all the time. If we could be, it would cease to be | relevant because the war would be won. So we must use our air re- sources flexibly as our major na- tional strategy demands at the time, as the Germans do. We can only do that if we have a single | autonomous air service as the Ger- mans have, based by Goering’s own admission on our model. Superior German Control. ‘Where their organization is su-! perior to ours is, first, in their cen- tralized high direction, which con- trolls and co-ordinates the effort of all three services and, secondly, in the fact that they have ruth- lessly discarded outworn naval and military traditions, have allotted to alr power its proper share in their plans and have remolded their naval and military technique to suit the conditions of the air age. In this latter respect we have| much to learn from them. Armies and fleets are still expected, or have until very recently been expected, to do things they are quite unable to do, such as fight a land war without air superiority or control narrow waters which are dominated by hos- tile air power. Conversely, it is not unknown for air forces to be expected to perform tasks for which they are quite un- fitted, or at least can only perform by a quite disproportionate expendi- ture of effort, man power and mate- | rial, and then not so effectively as | the land or sea forces whose proper | tasks they are. Admiral Yarnell Refuted. If for major strategic reasons we ! cannot concentrate adequate air power in any place or on any task, then the operations of our naval and land forces must be adjusted ac- cordingly. It may, for political rea- | sons, be considered necessary to fight. on land or at sea without adequate air support. We had to in Norway, and we had to in Greece and Crete, because there were not the air forces available, nor were there adequate | airdromes if they had been. Admiral Yarnell, who in a recent article in Collier's Magazine makes the extraordinary assumption that the loss of Crete was due to some arbitrary and one-sided decision on the part of the Royal Air Force to withdraw air support, is not alone in his failure to understand' the'pro- found influence of geographic con- ditions on the exercise of air power. He would not suggest, for in- stance, that the United States Fleet should be told to operate in Jap- anese waters without a base in the Far East or a reasonably secure line of supply for its tankers and ammunition ships. Yet an air force without bases and without a secure system of supply | for fuel, bombs and spare parts is |just as helpless as that fleet would be. A fleet at sea, operating beyond the range of shore-based air sup- | port, must take its own air support | with it in the form of ship-borne aircraft and these may be and in the Britsih system are part of the fleet. Ship-borne fighters, however, are of the Prince of Wales and the Re- | pulse has proved what the air staff have constantly urged in the past, that when neither ship-borne nor shore-based fighter cover can be af- forded heavy ships cannot venture safely within the effective range of shore-based air striking forces. Specialization Is “Nonsense.” ‘There is a great deal of egregious nonsense talked about the need for specialized training for air opera- tions in support of armies and navies. The uninitiated would | almost be led to believe that it is hecessary to breed a special type of Anti-Air-Raid Training Begins A.E.F.'s Work in North Ireland Officials Believe Lu ftwaffe May Attempt To Bomb Concentrations of U. S. Troops By the Associated Press. SOMEWHERE IN NORTHERN IRELAND, Jan. 28.—United States troops newly established in North- ern Ireland were called from their beds before dawn today to begin learning the business of what to do and how to behave in case of a Nazi air rald. Thelr first day in camp yesterday was free for the men to settle down in their new surroundings and rest from a tiring ocean trip. But when the bugle sounded this morning it meant that an arduous training program was being resumed. Officials do not conceal their con- cern that the German air force | may attempt to give the troops in the new encampments & taste o | bombing. A German bomber was engaged by ground batteries not far away at the moment the troops were landing. All the camps, constructed by lend-lease technicians months in advance, have been equipped with air-raid shelters and the men are to be taught quickly their most efficient use. Ulster Transformed. This section of Northern Ireland, with its Old World ways and un- changing customs, has been trans-| formed into a corner of the U. S. A.| by the advent of the new A.E.F. | The groundwork for the trans- formation, however, was laid by a corps of 1500 American technicians who have been laboring here for months to build the cantonments into which the troops moved on their debarkation Monday. The technicians did more than build - the cantonments, for they by establishing friendly relations | with the Irish despite differences in | speech and temperament. Recruited from the lumber camps of the American Northwest, from construction jobs and factories, they have amazed and pleased the people of this Emerald Isle by the vigor | with which they have tackled a | tough wartime task. Minimum of Friction. Shoulder to shoulder they have worked with Britons and Irishmen | and there has been a minimum friction on the job and off. | The first of the American tech- | nicians arrived in July on a Canadian | transport. They immediately set up | a self-sufficient community, asking | nothing from the British larder and | bringing their own equipment to execute the task arranged for them | under the Lease-Lend Act by which the United States promised all-out | aid to her future ally. The workers live in construction camps that are a far cry from the rural antiquity of the countryside in which they are set down. They wear the gaudy checked shirts’ and the high-laced boots of the Ameri- can lumberjacks and they eat ravenously of typical American food prepared by American cooks. Their pay i§ good, running with overtime up to $150 or more a week, | as compared wtih the $40 or so they | made at home, and all their living | expenses are paid. Because of reg- ulations enforced to meet British tax requirements, however, the men can draw no more than $28 a week here. E The rest is paid to relatives in the United States or for paved the way for the doughboys A not always available and the loss | D. C, WEDNESDAY,. JANUARY 28, 1942, Ulster's Premier Says |U. S. and Brifain Map De ValeraHasNo Right Long-Range Strategy ToProfestA. E.F. Andrews Declares Eire Already Has Cost ‘Many Thousands of Lives’ BY the Associated Press. BELFAST, Northern Ireland, Jan. 28 —Prime Minister John M. An- drews told Parliament here today that Eamon de Valera, Prime Min- ister of Eire, had no right to protest the arrival of United States troops in Ulster (Northern Ireland). (De Valera contended that the debarkation of United States on the northern side of the bor- der emphasized the split which led to the partition of Ireland in 1921; was carried out “despite the express will of the Irish people”; and his government was not con- sulted.) “As head of the government of a neighboring neutral state,” Mr. An- drews said, “he (De Valera) evi- dently resents the arrival of Amer- fcan troops here. No doubt he would have prevented it if he could, Just as he has denied to Britain and the United States use of naval bases “This folly has meant the sacrifice of many thousands of gallant lives in the battle of the Atlantic. Eire is in no less danger of invasion by Germany than Britain and Northern Ireland. If such an attack were made, the people of Eire would be glad of any help they could secure, Whether British or American. “It is our duty and our privilege not only to welcome the American troops, but to facilitate them to the uttermost in the task in which they are engaged,” Andrews continued. “Northern Ireland is in the fight for freedom and intends to see it through. “With a check for $1,000000 as a first move, United States Army au- thorities have opened an account in a Northern Ireland bank to pay for the needs of the force landed here this week.” {De Valera Says Eire |Was Not Consulted DUBLIN, Jan. 28 (#)—Eamon de Valera, the Brooklyn-boarn Prime Minister of neutral Eire, vigorously | protested last night the landing of United States troops across the border in Northern Ireland and the renewed emphasis thus placed on the rift between Eire and the | six counties of the north. (Washington displayed * scant sympathy for Mr. de Valera's protest. There was no official comment, but President Roose- velt made it plain that fe re- garded the protest as inconse- quential) Mr. de Valera based his protest |on the fact that Irish govern- | ment was “not consulted either by the British government .or the| American Government” on the ar- | rival of the troops. Simultaneously Minister of Sup- plies Sean Lemass, in a speech here | | last night, declared Eirels independ- | ence and neutrality faced increas- | rlu,dmler and might. have their ‘supreme test in the commng “year.| He made no further elaboration on that statement. | Churchill Asked to Seek | Naval Bases in Eire LONDON, Jan. 28 (#) —Prime | Minister Churchill was urged in the House of Commons today to| consult with President Roosevelt on | making joint representations '.oi Premier Eamon de Valera of Eire for the use of Eire's seaports and bases for the duration of the war. The Tequest came from the Rev. | !Dr. James Little, Conservative, who‘ | argued that the Allies needed these ;‘bnse: “urgently.” In a written re-| ply, Clement R. Attlee, lord privy seal, said the Prime Minister “does not wish to make any further state- ment on this subject at the present time.” man to recognize a ship at sea or an enemy tank in the desert. Some special training is obviously necessary, but it is surely equally obvious that after the first few months of a war the long and inti- mate experience and highly special- ized training that is so often claimed as essential for effective air support of land or sea forces simply is not available. Replacements would have | to come, as they do now, from keen | young volunteers from civil life with no specialized naval or mili- tary knowledge. The Royal Air Force crews of the coastal command, though they per- sistently decline to call their bed- room a cabin or a service motor car a liberty boat, have given and are giving service that could not be excelled by the smartest sub- | lieutenant who ever passed top out of Dartmouth. TSRS ONLY ONE IN It's a fact. tailor and importer in Wa For Army Expeditions | islands and 4,000 smaller islands, | but the initiative is with the enemy. | House Passes 18 Billion Navy Bill; 6 to 10 A. E. Fs in Field BY the Associated Press. Official statements indicated today that the United States and Britain have worked out a long- term land-sea victory plan for surprise expeditions of field army size to strike suddenly across any ocean. Disclosures of President Roose- velt, Prime Minister Churchill and congressional leaders gave broad outlines of the plan and Congress rushed legislation to carry it out. The House passed, 388 to 0, and sent to the Senate last night the $17.- 722,565,474 naval appropriations bill, including a special emergency pro- vision for developing amphibious strategy. . | The bill provides $3,900,000,000 for emergency construction of 1,799 spe- | cial vessels. The House Naval Af- fairs Committee disclosed in a re- | port that this provision would give “the necessary ships with which to | conduct the amphibious upernuons" which it is contemplated may be necessary to prosecute the present war to a successful conclusion.” Depends on U. S. for Ships. Mr. Churchill, meanwhile, had | told Parliament that the United States was being depended on for transport and supply ships. When | they are ready, he said, “we shall | be able to move across the ocean | next year two, three and even'four | times as large armies as the con-| siderable forces we are able to han- dle at present.” | Although Mr. Churchill said that a swift redistribution of Allied forces | was directed on December 12, there | was no indication of what may have been involved beyond President Roosevelt's assertion in a press con- | ference late yesterday that America was sending all the help it could to the Southwest Pacific area and that six to ten American expedi- tionary forces are in various locali- ties of the world. The redistribution was regarded | | as a short-range, holding action to | ability following a long illness and has been residing at his home in | strengthen United Nations’ lines in | the Pacific and bolster outposts | against sudden Axis thrusts. Be-| | yond this immediate defensive ac- | lin before outbreak of the war and | tion was the broader, long-term | during the time that Charles A. strategy of deploying land-sea forces over the whole world. The Naval Committee report said | there were “many confidential de- tails” about the special type vessels | being built under the emergency | program, and there was speculation | that they would include substantial | numbers of ships for landing opera- tions on hostile shores. Proble Scope of Plan. Increasing amphibious raids on | the Axis-held coasts of Europe, | possibly building up to full-dress assaults on Norway from the British | Isles and on Italy and the Northern | Mediterranean shore from the | British-held bulge of Cyrenaica, were considered likely parts of the long-range plan. | In the Pacific, the thinly-spread Japanese Army and Navy would be particularly vulnerable to sudden blows by a powerful amphibious force. Japan itself, with its 12 main offers a tempting target to such an expedition, especially if the United Nations are able to gain Pacific air superiority. | In the Southwestern Pacific area, | as immediate strategy of the United | Nations is to hold Australia and the Netherlands East Indies as bases | for a Pacific striking force. ‘While Pacific and Atlantic striking forces are being built up, the British | and American Navies have as their main tasks the protection of At- lantic and Pacific supply routes. The urgency of this task was emphasized | by the Navy's announcement last night that enemy submarines had attacked two more American tankers off the Atlantic coast, with one sunk and the fate of the other not im- | mediately determined. Score Considered Good. Despite the latest attacks, the Nuvy's score against Atlantic sub- marines was considered good. Sev- eral are known to have been dis- posed of and the expeditionary force to Northern Ireland was escorted across the ocean without mishap. This force, described officially as | just a sample of “very considerable” numbers yet to go, now has joined the huge army Britain has been building up in the six northern countries since the summer of 1940 against the possibility of a German invasion of Erie, to the south. Neutrality of Erie gives the United | Nations the same military problem | which the Allies had in Western | France before German invasion of | the Lowlands. They have to prepare an expedition to rush into the coun- try if and when the Germans strike. About 200 languages are spoken WASHINGTON Louis Brown is the only English custom shington. As the actual importer of fine English and Scotch fabrics, you can be sure of the best at strictly moderate charges, and now, particularly during reduction period, the savings are really worthwhile. suit or topcoat to measure, Handwoven Scotch tweed si (a 40% saving). English f ure $38.25 up. For a pleasant Brmum London—England—Leeds them there. 4 Lonig 1 Reductions up to 40% on uit or topcoat now $35.00 & ine worsted suits to meas- surprise, see RE. 1396 80, outlining military situation as of 9:30 a.m. today, follows: (Five Marine Officers Communiques U. S. Bombers Sink Jap Transport, Hit Cruiser War Department communique No. 1. Philippine theater: ‘There was practically no ground activity on the Batan Peninsula yesterday. The enemy landed relatively few numbers in the Subic Bay area. Enemy air activity was limited to reconnaissance flights. 2. Netherlands Indies: Further reports of the action in the ' Macassar Straits disclosed that eight heavy American Army bombers sank a large Japanese transport in the river at Balik- papan and scored a direct hit on a cruiser outside of the har- bor. During this ttack, one of our bombers was lost. In a previous attack by our planes in this action, one enemy trans- port was sunk and another set afire, as reported on January 26. 3. There is nothing to report from other areas. Named for Promotion ‘The Navy announced yesterday the temporary promotion of five high-ranking officers in the Marine Corps, including Brig. Gen. Ross E. Rowell, commanding general of the 2d Marine Aircraft Wing, to major general. ‘The following colonels were raised to brigadier generals: Harry L. Schmidt, executive officer in the paymaster’s office; Harry K. Pickett, commander of Marine forces at the 14th Naval District; W. H Repurtus, commanding general of the Marine base at San Diego, Calif.; and R. R. Wright, Marine Corps paymaster. Former Military Attache To Berlin Recalled to Duty Lt. Col. Truman Smith, retired, a former military attache to Berlin, today was ordered placed on active duty, effective February 10. He was assigned to the office of Gen. George C. Marshall, chief of staff. Col. Smith was retired last sum- mer on account of physical dis- Fairfield, Conn. He was military attache in Ber- Japanese Sea Losses Thus Far Are Put at 148 Ships and Subs Most Are Naval Vessels; 2 Battleship Sinkings, Damage to 2 Included B» the Azsociated Press. An unofficial comptilation of ship sinking claims of American, British, Dutch and Australian naval and air forces, and of Japanese admissions, showed today that the Allies had sunk or damaged 148 Japanese naval and merchant ships and submarines since December 7. Revision of the score is possible, however, because of possible dupli- cation of claims by the Allies and inability of commanders of ships and planes always to ascertain im- mediately the success of their blows. Before the battle of Macassar Strait began January 23, the un- official figures on Japanese maritime losses were: Naval ships sunk—57 (10 destroy- ers; 1 battleship; 2 cruisers; 32 transports; 1 subchaser; 1 gunboat; 4 minesweepers; 5 naval supply ships and 1 naval sloop). Naval ships damaged—26 (2 bat- tleships; 4 cruisers; 2 destroyers; 15 transports; 1 seaplane tender; 1 ;mlnesweeper; 1 unidentified). | Merchant ships sunk—19 (7 freighters; 4 unidentified; 1 schoon- er; 2 tankers; 3 heavy lighters; 1 passenger vessel which the Japanese said was a hospital ship; 2 17,000- ton Yawata class passenger liner) Merchant ships damaged—7 (2 | tnakers; 1 freighter; 4 unidentified). | Submarines sunk— Total—118 (85 sunk; 33 damaged). | Since the battle of Macassar be- gan, the unofficial figures on Japa- nese losses in sinking or damage Warships—11 (including ship tentatively identified as a battle- ship, sunk). Transports—19 Total at Macassar—30. Total to date—148. Valuable Papers Stolen | From Officer’s Auto Theft of “valuable Government | papers” from his automobile parked in the 1000 block of Sixteenth street N.W., between 8 p.m. and midnight last night, was reported to police today by Col. Kenneth Buchanan, U. S. A., 2727 Devonshire place N.W, Lindbergh made his airplane inspec- tion tour in Germany. Army orders today also detailed Lt. Col. Leslie L. Connett to duty as a member of the Military Police Board of the Arlington (Va.) Can- tonment. He has been on temporary duty in the office of the provost marshal general in Washington. Congressional Probers Start Coal Region Tour By the Associated Press. SHAMOKIN, Pa., Jan. 28.—Pos- sibilities of bringing new business to the anthracite region—hard hit by unemployment in recent years— attracted a special congressinnal commission today to the heart of Pennsylvanja's hard coal fields. Col. Buchanan described the pa- pers as important and asked the police to exert every effort to recover them. Congress in Brief Senate: Resumes debate on war powers bill; may take up $12555,000,000 supplemental defense bill Defense Investigating Committee questions Donald Nelson on use of dollar-a-year men. Banking Committee hears Jesse | Jones, Federal Loan Administrator, |on War Insurance Corp. Naval Committee hears testimony on defense profits. House: Considers minor bills. Military Committee studies Air Corps officers promotion bill. ‘Weather Report (Purnished by the United States Weather Bureau.) District of Columbia—Light rain and snow mixed, ending early to- nigh! t; somewhat colder, fresh winds. Virginia—Rain in southeast portion, rain or snow in north portion early tonight; colder tonight. Maryland—Rain on the coast, snow in extreme west portion; slight LS Report for Last 24 Hours Temperature. | Yesterday— 4pm Som Midnigh Degrees. Tod, (From noon yesterday to noon today.) Highest. 41, at 4 p.m. yesterday, Year ago. 35, Lowest, 35, at 6:50 am. today. Year ago. Record Temperatures This Year. n January 11. ity for Last 24 Hours. n yesterday to noon today.) Highest, $6 per cent. at 7:30 am. to- ay Lowest. 82 per cent, at 1:30 p.m. yes- terday. Tide Tables. (Purnished ”dUnlI!fl States Coast and Ch: etic Survey.) Today. The Sun and Moon. Sun, today Sun. tomorrow today Automobile lights must be turned on one- half hour sunset rain or snow in central portion and y colder tonight. River Report. Potomac and Shenandoah Rivers eloudy at Harpers Ferry, Potomac cloudy at Great Falls Precipitation. in a inches in the to date Temperatures in Other Citles Tempera- Precipie ture. tion Highest, Lowest. 24 24 hrs. 12 hrs. hrs., Ins | Albuquerque, N. Mex 80 34 Ga 50 Buffalo, N icago, Port Worth. Tex Kansas City. Mo, Louisville, Ky Memphis, Tenn._ a DALE CARNEGIE TRAINING WILL HELP You Think on your feet! Develop courage self-confidence! Increase your poise! “Sell” services Win more friends! Improve your memory! letters! English! books! Become a leader! =0 0V ® NN hWw N— taining conversationalist Increase your income! —— wN ideas! - women! 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