Evening Star Newspaper, January 13, 1942, Page 8

A—6 x THE EVENING . 13, 1942. ~Air-Condifioning Unit “May Give U. S. Tanks More Staying Power 50-Pound ‘Weather Maker’ Cuts Interior Heat; Adaptable to Homes By HOWARD BLAKESLEE, Wide World News. DALLAS, Tex, Jan. 13.—When peace comes, the average man with & small home may be able to thank the war for a new kind of alr con- ditioning suited to his house and his pocketbook. The new weather maker is small, “compact aad simple. You can carry < around in one hand—if you can .lift 50 pounds packed into a suit- * case—enough of this weather to cool = 30-ton Army tank. That is more than enough for ~cooling one room, nearly enough for & small house. In Texas, tanks are being used in experimenting with the little weath- er maker. Under some conditions of warfare, the heat and fumes of a tank in action are the limiting factor in the length of time the erew can continue to fight. The heat in the crew compart- ment runs up to 130 degrees. The men emerge exhausted after a few hours, with faces coal-black from fumes, dust and gases that drift in from guns and engines. The heat alone is about the limit for human endurance, enough to cause some ,blood changes. Where the little 50-pound air con- ditioner has been tried, they finish the work with faces still reasonably clean and with fewer signs of fa- | tigue. Military conditions are one of the severest tests that air conditioning has yet faced. There is no space for the weather unit inside the fighting compartment. The sweep of the gun muzzles forbids placing the unit near the turret. ‘The only place left is out near an end of the tank, where the appara- tus is subjected to violent pounding. ‘The plunges of the ends of the tank are greater than of the middle. Standard air-conditioning units | large enough for a tank weigh about 600 pounds, too great a weight, es- | pecially in the end position. They | may contain several hundred mov- ing parts. The 50-pound weather box prom- | {ses to stand the pounding. It has only two moving parts. It reduces the temperature by 35 degrees. It has the added advantage of using no recirculated air, but brings in outside air all the time. A third| moving part is added to the weather | box for delivering warm air in win- | ter. Army barracks promise another type of test for the weather boxes, not only for cooling in summer and heating in winter. but as a factor in keeping down epidemics. The con- tinued circuation of fresh air is & promising factor for health. Army physicians alreadv have some plans to avoid the epidemics of the First Werld War. Not count- ing the flu outbreaks, common epidemics like mumps and scarlet fever incapacitated 1 out of every 133 men in the American forces in that war. The inventor is Thomas W. Car- raway, Dallas air-conditioning engi- neer. His new system was given the highest achievement award of the Inventors of America this year. One of his works is air conditioning & large department store in 100-degree weather with the front door left wide open all the time, His new method is a wartime secret. His system differs in prin- ciple from the usual air condition- ing, which uses either mechanical refrigeration or ice to cover the range of temperature from com- fort down to actual freezing. The Dallas inventor discards low temperatures. His new system won't make ice or create chill conditions. Partly for this reason he is able to get rid of much of the expense, both of construction and operation. Keeps Temperature “Effective.” This weather box is made to reg- ulate what engineers call the effec- tive temperature—the scientific term for human comfort. It is a mixture »f temperature, humidity and change of alr. A private home test was made in Palles when the outside temperature, in the shade, was 96 and the humid- Ity was high. The new system deliv- ered an indoor temperature of 82, | but with a low humidity, and with a | complete change of fresh air once each minute On the engineering scale this com- bination is an effective temperature of 73, which means it feels like 73 under the conditions which would make that temperature comfortable. The box will produce lower tem- peratures, but physicians and eng neers are getting away from any- thing that feels chilling to a person coming indoors on a hot day. Priorities limit the development of new air conditioning for civilian use, but war may speed up this science even more than peace. be- cause of its potential value in mech- anized conditions. New Eklund Trial Sought; Added Evidence Claimed A new trial for John Eugene Ek- lund, under death sentence as the “sniper” killer, will be sought on the ground of newly discovered evidence, his attorney, Harry T. Whelan, dis- closed today. Mr. Whelan filed in the Court of Appeals a motion to stay for 30 days an appeal previously filed from Fklund's murder conviction in Dis- | trict Court. This move is designed | to give Mr. Whelan an opportunity to prepare a later motion to have the case remanded to District Court for retrial without consideration of the appeal at this time. Eklund, a 26-year-old former col- lege student, has been sentenced to die in the electric chair March 20. The new evidence reported by Mr. Whelan concerns Hebert Ray, a waiter, one of the Government's principal witnesses at the trial. Ray testified falsely, according to the attorney, that he never had been convicted of a crime. Eklund was found guilty of the fatal shooting of Hylan G. McClaine, colored, on October 15, 1940, at the Rock Creek and Potomac parkway— one of the series of mysterious *“sniper” murders. Ray was sentenced Friday by Justice F. Dickinson Letts on a charge of housebreaking and lar- ceny to 4 to 12 years. When Ray’s fingerprints were taken, Mr. Whelan eontends, it was discovered that he had served a term in Leavenworth | nomic solidarity among the repub- DESERT GRAVEYARD OF AXIS TITANS—Columns of smoke rising from the Libyan desert tell the story of Axis tanks, armored vehicles and mechanized transpor's, knocked out of STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, TUESDAY, JANUARY action and left to burn by attacking South African troops. The Briiish today announced the capture of 8alum.—A. P. Wirephoto. Welles in All-Day Series of Talks at Rio de Janeiro First Clash of U. S. And Argentine Views Is Seen Possible By the Associated Press. RIO DE JANEIRO, Jan. 13— United States Undersecretary of State Sumner Welles, encouraged by conversations with Brazil's govern- ment leaders, went into an all-day series of conferences with American foreign ministers today to discuss relations between this hemisphere | and Axis nations. Although he expressed satisfaction over his talks with President Getu- lo Vargas and Foreign Minister Oswaldo Aranha of Brazil, there was a possibility the day would produce the first clash of United States and Argentine views on the formation of | an all-American anti-Axis front. | Argentina's reluctance to enter| into any military alliance was re- garded as the chief obstacle to| unanimous action in the pan-Amer- ican conference opening Thursday— and Mr. Welles was expected to hold his first meeting with Argen- tine Foreign Minister Ruiz Guinazu late in the day. After his first press conference, Mr. Welles scheduled 12 more calls, beginning with Foreign Ministers Solf y Muro of Peru, Matienzo of Bolivia and Argana of Paraguay this morning. Foreign Minister Ezequiel Padilla of Mexico disclosed existence of a Mexico-Colombia-Venezuela bloc to support a move for a pan-American break in relations with “the nations at war with the United States.” Three Groups in Conference. Mr. Padilla said that “there are three groups in this conference: Those Central-American and Carib- bean nations wishing outright decla- rations of war, the opposite group desiring a declaration of a state of non-belligerency, and the group, in- cluding Mexico, which will support a break in relations—the step which we believe is favored by the United States.” 19 Republics Seen Ready. A highly-placed official declared that 19 of the republics were ready to approve a declaration severing all relations with the Axis powers, and a 20th—Chile—is expected to fall in line when her delegation arrives today. The official made it clear that Argentina’s attitude alone was in doubt, and diplomatic circles eagerly awaited the outcome of the Welles- Ruiz Guinozu meeting. Regardless of what the Buenos Alres government decides, the opinion prevailed here that there could be no compromise as was the case at the Panama and Havana conferences, when Argentina’s indi- vidualistic stand forced modification of hemisphere projects. Should Argentina hew to the policy outlined last week by Foreign Minister Ruiz Guinazu, who said his government was opposed to any pre-belligerent measures or any mil- itary alliances, the other nations were expected to say to Argentina in effect: “You go your way and we'll go ours.” Policy May Be Modified. Possible modification of this policy, however, was seen in the action of leaders of three opposition blocs in the Argentine Chamber of Dep- uties who yesterday called on acting President Ramon 8. Castillo to convoke a special session of Con- gress to study “urgent fundamental problems” facing the Nation. Thus far Argentina’s only devia- tion from strict neutrality has been to recognize the United States as a non-belligerent and open her ports to unlimited stays by United States warships. The official agenda of the cop- ference is as follows: 1. Methods for preserving sover- eignty and territorial integrity of the American republics, including: Methods to be taken in each coun- try against foreign elements which endanger peace and security of the country; exchange of information among the republics on presence of undesirable foreigners; study of measures which may be taken by the republics for reconstruction of world order. 2. Methods for strengthehing eco- lics; control of exports and con- servation of basic and strategic ma- terials; increases of production of strategic materials; guarantee of es- sential imports to each country for maintenance of domestic economy; maintenance of adeqiate maritime transports; control of economic and commercial activities of foreigners which may endanger any of the re- publics, Gayda Warns Republics To Watch Their Steps Penitentiary under the name of Luther Ray for forgery and house- breaking in 1933. ROME, Jan. 13 (Andi Agency to (#)—Virginio Gayda, suthoritative Fascist editor, warned South Amer- A ican republics today to “regulate their political attitude and watch their steps” at the forthcoming inter-Americsn conference because “a tri-partite victory is certain.” Gayds, whd often expresses the views of Premier Mussolini, wrote at length in the Giornale dltalia. “Japan possesses & frightening submarine fle:t capable of reaching the Americar coast and bringing inexorable run to the enemy’s sea- borne traffic,” he said. He assertec that the Axis desired to maintair ‘“complete reserve” about the Latin American republics. “Their dealngs at the conference must take place in complete free- dom without sny suggestion or pres- sure from the tri-partite powers,” he wrote. “A tri-par‘ite victory is certain and all couxtries should be per- suaded of tiis and regulate their policies and make careful steps ac- cordingly. This elemental fact can- not be hidden even at the Rio de Janeiro cont:rence.” Hill (Continued From Pirst Page) there. The bag has been in the Department of Justice.” Today he declared he had searched the sack overnight and did not fin¢ another Thorkelson speech. At this pont, Mr. Maloney told Justice Lett« he wanted to take the stand and tell for the first time how in September, 1941, within a week after the bags allegedly were put in the )ouse members’ store- room, he himself went to the storage space on the sixth floor of the new House Office Building. 3 Attorneys Called to Bench. When Mr. Maloney had said this much, Justice Letts called up at- torneys to the bench out of earshot of the jury and Mr. Maloney told the courtroom no more of the in- cident. Previously, however, he told re- porters that he went to the store- room with a witness and examined the bags there. He said he found a Thorkelson speech identical with the one read yesterday and placed it with others 11 an envelope which he signed and placed in the Depart- ment of Jusice. It was not until later that tie eight bags went be- fore the grend jury under a sub- poena issued to Mr. Hill, These sacks allegedly came from the office of Prescott Dennett, sec- retary-treasurer of the Islands for War Debts Committee, which the Government contends was subsi- dized by George Sylvester Viereck, registered German agent. ‘Witnesses have testified that Mr. Hill orderec “s rush pickup” of material fron Mr. Dennett’s office on Rhode lland avenue N.W. on the morning of September 19, short- ly after Mr. Dennett was subpoenaed to appear tefore the grand jury for the first ime. Dennett Testimony Released. Defense Counsel O'Connor has repeatedly demanded to see the grand jury testimony of Mr. Dennett concerning Nr. Hill. Prosecutor Ed- ward J. Hiczey, jr., gave it to him at 11 am. today and Justice Letts recessed court until 1:30 pm. to give the desense attorney time to read this testimony. Mr. O'Connor said he intends to recall to tie stand Mrs. Henry Grattan Dcvle, president of the District Boerd of Education and secretary of the grand jury, and John 8. Garell, grand jury fore- man, to que;tion them again about Mr. Dennett's testimony. Mr. O’Conaor predicted he might then reach his opening statement in the deferse case today. Five men and women who took the witness stand yesterday contra- dicted allegei grand jury statements by Mr. Hill Charles W'lson, Irving Quinn, jr., and Michae] O'Gorman, employes of the House Fost Office, testified they heard Mr. Hill give emphatic and repeated ins;ructions for eight filled mailbags to be placed in a store- room assigied to Representative Pish. The first count of the indict- ment against Mr. Hill claims he falsely told the grand jury—which was investi;ating Naz propaganda —that he did not so order. Tell of Jalking With Viereck. Miss Har-let Johnson and Mrs. Phyllis Posi-io Spielman, secretaries to the late Senator Ernest Lundeen, they heard telephone con- versations oetween Mr. Hili snd Viereck. Tte second perjury count claims Mr. Hill untruthfully told the grand jury he never knew Viereck. M:ss Johnson said she re- membered Viereck's coming into Senator Lurdeen’s office and phon- ing Mr. Hil in Mr. Fish's office. “Hello, Grorge, I'll be over in 2 few minutes,” she quoted Viereck as saying. Earlier, Charles B.’ Boland, spe- cmuentatvuln.l.tqu years, was alled to relate what he told the grand jury about Mr. Hill's orders of reprints of material from the Congrejsional Record. Inall, he said, Mr. Hill ordered 378,000 re- prints by the Government, Printing Office during 1941 ari paid $1,258.07 for them. The frank was author- Nelson Tells Mayors "Do-or-Die Spirit’ Is Needed fo Win War 0. P. M. Official Says U.S. Must Give Up Many of Its Comforts to Triumph A fighting call for a return to the “do-or-die spirit of the pioneers” in the conversion of American in- dustry to total war production was delivered to the Conference of May- ors at the Mayflower Hotel today by Donald M. Nelson, director of O. P. M. Priorities Division. Mr. Nelson declared the public is not yet fully awake to the fact we are facing an “efficient, deter- mined and well prepared” enemy who has won the first round. He added that “we must put forth a Herculean effort if we are to come out victorious.” Referring to pleas made at the conference for protection of the small businessman, Mr. Nelson said “we want to take care of the small businessmen and every possible i1.di- vidual, but we cannot lose sigat of the fact that we must have war material and that contracts for planes, tanks, ships and guns will §0 to manufacturers who are com- petent to deliver them. That must come first, for this is a crucial year. Do-or-Die Spirit Needed. “This is the time for resourceful- ness and a return to the do-or-die spirit of the pioneers. I mean that literally, It's impossible for us to do this and go on enjoying all the comforts we have known im the'past. Pearl Harbor has helped to awake the American people to this fact. This is no romance war, but one to be fought with vast quantities of alrplanes, tanks and guns.” Mr. Nelson emphasized that there “has been no sign of inferlority” in the weapons of the enemy. As a result, he added, “we have to swing into mass production much faster than we've ever imagined” To accomplish this, he said, the public must be prepared to make sacrifices. “We must measure our efforts by one standard only—are they essen- tial to winning the war and to our national safety?” The speaker insisted that any- thing short of the mass production goal recently stated by President Roosevelt will be a “criminal” fail- ure. “We find that some of the things which we believed were plentiful are very, very short,” Mr. Nelson said. “Civilians must do without them in many cases. We've been a wasteful Nation, but today we must conserve if we're going to do the job we set out to do, and I can assure you the job will be done.” Municipal Works Should Wait. The priority chief urged the Mayors not to delude themselves as to the need for municipal improve- ments such as public buildings, play- grounds and so forth. “You must ask yourselves,” he said, “if the im- provement is something you must have or merely want. We don't want to deprive anybody of the es- sentials, but we have no choice when it comes to the unnecessary use of steel, rubber, copper, tin and other strategic material” Mr. Nelson asked the co-operation of the Mayors in carrying this message to their various communities. He predicted that when the war is over production officials may be criticized for the mass of war ma- terial which has been turned out by American factories, but added that it will take a great quantity of weapons to win the war and he was convinced it was best to be on the safe side. He deplored the fact that pleasure cars may be retired to garages and the public put to inconvenience through the conservation of rubber and other vital material, and closed with the assertion that: “L think youll agree that the American public will put up with any sacrifice once thef know it's a vital necessity and once they are assured that it will be spread fairly to each and every one of us alike.” Mayor Kelly Speaks. * Mayor Edward J. Kelly of Chicago told the conference earlier that un- less the Federal Government takes immediate steps, the “little business- man will be broke, back on the streets and back on relief.” He urged that Federal agencies supply financial aid angd instruction to small manufacturers .for the con- version of their plants ® war pro- duction. Mayor Kelly predicted that longer hours of work and the seven-day week are on the way and that the people must become accustomed to the idea of doing more walking and doing without luxuries previously enjoyed. ~ . He predicted that the necessity for reducing pleasure motoring will con- tribute to the morale and health of the public, reduce wear and tear on highways and bridges and increase the efficiency of traffic movements in metropolitan areas, where park- ing, is always a serious Marriner 8. Eccles, chairman of "& - Unifed States Agrees To Give Lease-Lend Aid fo Uruguay Military and Naval Help Will Be Used to Co-operate In Hemisphere Defense The United States and Uruguay today signed a lease-lend agree- ment under which Uruguay will receive military and naval supplies from. this country to carry out & co-operative hemisphere defense policy. Secretary of State Hull, who signed the agreement with Uru- guayan Ambassador Juan Carlos Blanco, said the agreement involved a loan as well as a plan for ex- change for commodities. Neither he nor the Ambassador would disclose detalls of their agreement, but it was understood to involve an amount approximating $20,000,000. Mr. Hull described the arrange- ment with Uruguay and an agree- ment announced last night for es- tablishment of a Joint Mexican- United States Defense Commission as developments demonstrating closer and closer co-operation of all American republics for hemi- sphereic defense. Mexico Pact Welcome. ‘The fine spirit exhibited by Mex- ico in arranging the joint defense commission was not surprising, but ::‘;e‘nhelm was welcome, Mr. Hull President Avila Camacho and President Roosevelt creation of the commission.in simul- taneous announcements st Mexico City and Washington. ‘The understanding that the terri- tories of the two nations gre to be defended jointly against foreign at- tack parallels in many respects the understanding between Canada and the United States, which was signal- 1zed in 1940 by creation of the Joint Canadian-United States Defense Board. While Mexico has not de- clared war, she has severed diplo- matic relations with the Axis powers. Will Meet in Washington. Members of the joint commission are Brig. Gen. Miguel 8. Gonsales Cadena and Brig. Gen. Tomas Sanchez Hernandez for Mexico and Vice Admiral Alfred Wilkinson Johnson and Maj. Gen. Stanley Dunbar Embick for the United States. The first meeting of the commis- sion will be held in Washington as s00n as Gen. Sanchez Hernandes re- turns from the conference of Amer- ican foreign ministers at Rio de Janeiro, where he is a member of the Mexican delegation. Flag Defiler Ordered To Give Red Cross $50 BY the Associated Press. DETROIT, Jan. 13—For using an American flag as an automobile radiator cover and permitting his dog to lie on it, Mathew Lederer, 22, must contribute $50 to the Red That was the sentence imposed yesterday by Recorder's Judge Ar- thur E. Gordon at Lederer’s arraign- ment on a charge of defiling the fiag. “There are & group of boys who put up a great fight for our flag on Wake Island,” Judge Gordon told Lederer. “For all we know they are all desd now. You apparently do not regard the flag very highly.” If the Red Cross doesn't receive Lederer’s contribution within two weeks, he must spend 90 days in jail. Fort McHenry Remains Open for Visitors i BY the Associated Press. BALTIMORE, Jan. 13—Fort Mc- Henry is open to visitors. James W. Rader, superintendent, said yesterday he has been receiving a constant stream of queries as to ‘whether the war has led to the clos- ing of the fort. Mr. Rader said the fort remains open and that pictures can be taken fi mt.be fort ml.nd property. Pictures ps or ards nearby are not allowed, he ul‘:l’ the Board of Governors, Federal Reserve System, was to address the Mayors this afternoon, along with Robert H. Hinckley, Assistant Sec- retary of Commerce, and Howard O. Hunter, commissioner of the Work Projects Administration. ‘Willkie to Speak Tonight. One of the most important ad- dresses of the conference will be China Ready fo Hurl All of Man Power Into South Seas Struggle Chiang Kai-shek’s Army Launches Drive Against Four Jap-Held Towns 37 the Associated Press. CHUNGKING, Jan. 13.—Declar- ing therg was no question about the Singapore way.” he declared. “China expects all Chinese living in the South Seas to do their duty,” he added. Offensive Launched. Pleld dispatches reported today that Chinese forces had launched an offensive against the Japanese-held cities of Hwaiyang, Taiking, Chi- cheng and Luyl, which form the points of a square measuring rough- ly 35 miles from corner to corner in Northeast Honan Province. The dispatches declared that sev- eral hundred Japanese troops com- prising the garrison of a village just north of Hwalyang had been wiped o:zh during the first phase of the push. A Japanese column in the neigh- boring province of Anhwei to the east, apparently en route to aid the Honan forces, was said to have been beaten back. mu;onwhne broken remnants of e Japanese Army retreating from the ill-starred assault on the Hunan Province capital of Changsha, to the south, were sald to have succeeded in breaking through a Chinese cor- don along the Milo River only to find their further withdrawal blocked by other Chinese units. 80 Pet. of Column Wiped Out. A Chinese Army spokesman de- clared that 80 per cent of a Japa- nese column of 3,000 to 9,000 men, dispatched from the Yangtze River port of Yochow in an effort to re- lieve these trapped troops, had been wiped out and predicted there soon would be no Japanese troops left alive south of the Milo Rover. Reports reaching here that Jap- anese troops wearing fur coats and caps recently had been seen mov- ing southward along the Tientsin- Pukow railway were interpreted here a8 an indication that the Japanese had been withdrawing forces from Manchukuo. 14 Robberies Net $36 PHILADELPHIA, Jan. 13 ().— Brought before Magistrate William Bradin on a charge of robbing 14 homes in suburban Upper Darby, John Zinkiewicz estimated his loot totaled $36.80, and commented peo- ple out that way “live up to every last cent.” AUSTRALIA CONSIDERED FOR PACIFIC STRONGHOLD— Australia (1), with its huge land mass suitable for plane bases, was looked upon as a last-ditch stronghold if the Japanese continue their successes in the Pacific. Tarakan (2), the oil island off the coast of Borneo, was surrendered by the Dutch fighting against overpowering odds, but Dutch bombers struck back today at the Japanese invasion fleet. Singapore (3) was heavily hit by Japanese bombers, and its defenders were dug in on a battle line only 150 miles north of the straits. The British spoke cryptically of a possible change which would aid the situation i{n Malaya, and the coupling of Burma (4) air bases with those that could be established in Australia was considered a possibility. —A. P. Wirephoto. G. Cook Kimball, 62, Steel Executive, Dies | Bv the Associated Press. CHICAGO, Jan. 13—G. Cook| Kimball, 62, executive vice president and director of the United States Steel Corp. of Del, died last night in Passavant Hospital after an iil- ness of about a year, Mr. Kimball, who was born in Newtqnville, Mass., also was presi- dent of the Illinois Steel Co. and ector of the Gary Land Co. and of the Illinois Manufacturers’ Asso- ciation. He was executive vice pres- ident and director of the Carnegie- Illinois Steel Corp. from 1935 to 1939. Ex-Head of Nicorfiguu Offers Services to U. S. B the Associated Press. LOS ANGELES, Jan. 13.—Juan B. Sacasa, former president of Nica- Mrs. Cecilia Lauman Succumbs at 97 8pecial Dispatch o The Btas LEESBURG, Va, Jan. 13.—Mrs. Cecilia Melbourne Lauman, 97, wid- ow of George A. Lauman, died at her home, Chanbourne, at Paeonian Sarings, Va., Saturday. She was born in Middleburg, Va., |and her early years were spent in | Southern Ohio and later in Green- wich, Conn,, from which place she | returned to her native State. | Mrs. Lauman is survived by two daughters, Miss Mary Elizabeth ‘Lauman and Miss Mabel Lauman of | Paeonian Springs, and a number of | nieces and nephews. Puneral services were to be held at her home this afternoon, and burial was to be in Rock Creek Cemetery, Washington 33 Japanese Warplanes ragua whose father and gnndhmericredil'ed to U.S. Pilots 150 held that high office, yesterday | gy ine associated Pross. volunteered his services as a physi- | cian with the United States Gov- ernment without salary. Dr. facasa, who is 60 years old, recently has been Nicaraguan consul CHUNGKING, China, Jan. 13.— The Chinese radio in a broadcast last night recapitulating American airmen’s successes in Southern Asia sald United States bombers de- here. His offer was made through | stroyed nine Japanese airplanes at the County Medical Association lndl' a Thailand base Saturday and will be transmitted to Federal au- | thorittes. | smashed 24 more Sunday in co- operation with the R. A. F. v h N 1t There's a Reason for the popularity Of Lifetime Furniture HE GREAT CHARM of Lifetime Fur- niture lies in the authentic designing, stout-hearted construction and painstaking details of hand finishing. Lifetime Furniture is the choice of discrim- inating Washingtonians who insist on de- pendable quality, good taste, artistry and reasonable prices. Stop in real soon and see how reasonably you can furnish with artistic Lifetime Fur- niture! 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