Evening Star Newspaper, January 2, 1942, Page 10

The Foening St With Sunday Morning Edition. THEODORE W. NOYES, Editor. WASHINGTON, D. C. FRIDAY Ji The Evening Star Newspaper Company. Main Office: 11th 8t. and Pennsylvania Ave. New York Office: 110 East 42nd 8t. Chicago &Iu: 435 North Michigan Ave. Delivered by Carrier—City and Suburban. Regular Edition. ening and Bunday.;3c ber mo. or 18¢ per week e Evening - ¢ per mo. or 10c per week e Sunday - --10c per copy Final Editie Sunday Star__ fiisne pnal an 3¢ per month ight Final Star # 60c per month Tube Delivery. y Star___ 8 ade at the end of each month or each week. Orders may ce sent by mall or tele- Bhone National 5000. Rate by Mall—i‘lyablc in Advance. Fuv and Sunday____1yr. $12.00: 1mo. $1.00 only % $8.00: Tmo. 7 junday only _- $5.00; 1mo. Ertered a8 gecond-class matter post office. Washington, D. C. Member of the Assoclated Press. ‘The Associated Press 1s exclusively entitled to $he use for republication of all news dispatches eredited to it or not otherwise credited in this aper and also the local news published herein rights of publication of special dispatches Tein also are reserved. Dedication Christmas and New Year, the two great annual festivals of Anglo- American tradition, have come and gone. The people of the Nation's Capital, in common with their neigh- bors throughout the country, will settle now to the task to which, without conscious reservation, they are pledged. But at the moment of the start of the labors of 1942 it is well to notice that a certain change of attitude has been manifested during | the recent past. It happens that a i vast number of Americans have | heard what has been named “a | spiritual call to arms.” Thousands of citizens reverently have turned to Providence for aid in the crisis which currently prevails. It was no accident that President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Win- ston Churchill went to worship at Christ Church in Alexandria yester- day. They represented the English- speaking democracies of the world as they made deliberate pilgrimage to that sacred spot where George Washington once bowed his head to the Almighty Father of the universe. 8itting where he had sat, they listened to the petition to the Deity “that Thou wilt kkep the United States in Thy holy protection” and the appeal “In Time of War” from the English prayer book: “Be now and evermore our defense; grant us victory, if it be-Thy will.” An ardent young preacher urged the congregation assembled for the occasion to “respond wholeheartedly” to the invitation to seek divine assistance. The British population, he declared, has demonstrated qual- ities “almost unique in history.” American citizens also must show “genuine humility for past imperfec- tions, side by side with untroubled conviction in the right of their pres- ent cause and courageous determina- tion that that cause shall prevail, come what may.” The Axis aggressors probably would mock such a scene and such a doctrine. But they cannot pretend to be unfamiliar with the efficlency of soldiers who go into battle supported by unwavering faith. The example of Oliver Cromwell, taking the field with the Bible in one hand and a sword in the other, 1s known to them. Something com- parable to his zealous dedication is developing in the world today. The struggle to save freedom in this earth is taking on the aspects of an irresistible crusade. Defeats will not halt it, disappointments will not stop it. Rather, it will grow stronger be-’ cause of its ordeal. In the end and not too late, it will triumph over every foe. Thus, uncounted millions of men and women on both sides of the Atlantic, accept the challenge of their destiny. With God to help them, they go to crush the evil which threatens the civilization whose principles are justice, fellow- ship and peace. Cuban Sugar Crop By arranging to buy the bulk of the 1942 Cuban sugar cane crop, the Federal Government has taken action to protect American con- sumers mgainst a possible shortage and resulting price rises, while pro- viding additional reserves for Great Britain, Russia and other countries fighting the Axis that are dependent on imports for their supplies of sugar. In recent years, the United States has relied upon Cuba for about 30 per cent of its requirements. The Defense Supplies Corporation has now agreed to buy the greater part of this year’s Cuban sugar output. According to Government experts, this will make available to the United States more than half its yearly needs. The Philippines normally supply about 14 per cent of the sugar con- sumed in the United States. The Pacific war has made future ship- ments from the Philippines uncer- tain. Even if the Japanese fail to eqnquer the islands, it is unlikely that merchant ships will be able to operate in the Western Pacific with any safety for many months to come. The war also has threatened the flow of exports from Java, and other sugar producing areas in the Far East. Part of the Cuban sugar crop may be shipped under the lease-lend program to Great Britain, Russia and other nations associated with the United States in the war against the Axis. The Western Hemisphere can help speed the day of victory over Hitlerism by supplying to anti- Axis countries foodstuffs in which they are deficient, such as sugar, and the Cuban transaction should be welcomed as a move toward this end. The United States has on hand | as the civil disobedience movement. THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. large stocks of sugar. The lifting of restrictions on domestic output and the increased purchase of Cuban sugar should more than: counter- balance the loss of imports from the Pacific, thus making it possible both to meet the needs of American con- sumers and industries, and provide our Allies with substantial quanti- ties of sugar. Consumers have no reason at present to fear a short- age, nor is there any justification for hoarding. Gandhi and India The resignation of Mohandas K. Gandhi from the leadership of the All-India Congress party brings jnto sharp relief the change in sentiment which the course of the war has wrought in that vast land. The Congress party represents India’s movement for independence of Brit- ish rule. Even its relatively mod- erate wing demands complete self- government with full “dominion” status within the British Empire, like Canada or Australia, while the extremists want nothing short of complete separation as a sovereign state. The Congress party, however, by no means represents India as a whole. It voices at most the more articulate elements among the Hindu majority. The large Mohammedan minority, numbering one-fourth of the entire pooulation, strongly opposes inde- pendence at the price of Hindu po- litical dominance, and would un- doubtedly fight to prevent it. Indeed, a considerable section of the Hindu “untouchables” under the caste system feels much the same way, while smaller minorities such as Sikhs, Buddhists and native Chris- tians of whom there are 6,000,000, de- mand political guarantees in any independence scheme. Lastly, nearly one-fourth of India is not under di- rect British rule but is governed by native princes who have treaty rights and do not wish to lose their individual status. The British atti- tude is that, for such a divided India, immediate independence would spell profound disorders probably degen- erating into civil war and perhaps ending in complex anarchy. Britain has already granted India a considerable measure of self-gov- ernment under British control. The Congress party has boycotted these political institutions and has resisted British authority in what is known In conformity with his thorough- going pacifism, Gandhi has kept the movement non-violent in character. Thousands of Congress adherents have refused to obey laws and regu- lations, courting jail sentences for disobedience. When the war broke out, non-co-operation was applied to any form of aid to Britain, and wholesale arrests were made, includ- ing many of the most prominent Congress leaders. However, none of them had any use for Hitler or the Nazi philosophy, and the danger of an Axis victory with attendant world domination extending over Asia and threatening India itself with a rule far more ex- treme than that of Britain has caused a revulsion of feeling. It has been increasingly felt that India should range itself against the Axis threat. The new Japanese peril seemingly has tipped the scales in decisive fashion. Faced by a majority of the party’s Executive Committee favoring co-operation in the war effort, Gandhi has relinquished lead- ership, sticking firmly to his princi- ples of absolute non-resistance under any circumstances. The British au- thorities made the change in attitude easier by liberating most of the prominent Congress prisoners some weeks ago. How unrepresentative the Congress party has been in its previous oppo- sition to the war effort may be judged by the fact that India as a whole has rallied enthusiastically from the start. Nearly a million In- dians, of all races and creeds, are today under arms, largely supplied and munitioned with the products of Indian factories and fields. The native princes have given most gen- erously of their wealth, while the Mohammedans have been loyal to a marked degree. All this, in itself, cannot fail to advance the evolution of India toward the management of its own affairs.’ The British them- selves realize that they could not rule India a single day against the united will of its inhabitants. When | the Indians themselves have meas- urably agreed upon what they want, | they will get it. And union in a | common cause should do much to pave the way. Defense of Manila In deciding to declare Manila an open city, hoping thereby to spare it the ravages of Japanese bombard- ment, General Douglas MacArthur undoubtedly was influenced by con+ siderations which seem to have es- caped the attention-of the Com- munist critic who has interpreted the declaration as an act of cowardice. 2 The Russian commentator, speak- ing through Pravda, Communist party newspaper, charged that the attempt to save Manila from need- less destruction evidenced a lack of stomach for the fight on the part of the American and Filipino de- fenders. The charge is as absurd as it is offensive. . General MacArthur, it may be supposed, was influenced by two basic considerations—first, that he had no adequate facilities for de- fending Manila against air attacks, and, second, that Manila is a Phil- ippine and not an American city. It is true that his declaration did not save the city, and {t may be conceded that the removal of such d anti-aircraft installations as existed enabled the Japanese to bomb with impunity. Perhaps some enemy planes would have been shot down had the guns been kept in action, but the city would have been de- stroyed nevertheless. General Mac- Arthur rieed offer no apologies for trylng to prevent such wanton de- struction of the capital city of the Philippines. If he erred it was on the side of compassion for helpless civilians, and the mistake—if it be deemed such—is one that will not be repeated. Japan has been given an opportunity to fight the war on a level which would have ruled out the senseless and needless slaughter of women &nd children. That oppor- tunity has been spurned, with the result that the war will be fought to a finish on the Manila pattern. The Japanese have insisted on “total” war, and they will get it. As for the rest—the offensive im- plications of the Pravda comment— Americghs need be little concerned. It they have a deeper significance than appears on the surface, that will be made clear in good time. Meanwhile, the forces defending Manila may be depended upon to give a good account of themselves. Japan’s Colonial Empire Not long after Mussolini entered the ['war on Hitler's side by his treacher- ous stab in the back of hard-pressed France, Winston Churchill uttered his solemn warning to Italy with the | | thing not far from cold panic, because | ominous words: “We are tearing, and will continue to tear, your colonial empire to shreds and tatters.” That warning has been largely fulfilled. Most of Italy’s extensive overseas empire is gone. Defeat will take the rest, and it is unlikely that the eventual peace settlement will leave her anything beyond her historic boundaries. This will leave Italy unable to make further trouble. It such drastic treatment is deemed necessary for so unwarlike and incompetent a nation as Italy has shown herself to be, all the more needful is it that similar treatment be meted out to Japan, which has been shown, not merely today but also in the past, to be a warlike, ambitious, and predatory power. All of Japan’s strategic outposts must therefore be stripped away and the Japanese confined to their home islands as strictly as they were when Commodore Perry sailed into their secluded waters nearly ninety years ago. It goes without saying that all Japanese conquests in the present war, present and future, will be re- stored to their rightful owners. Equally obvious is it that their ag- gressions against China during the past decade, including Manchuria, will be canceled. But the process should go further than that. For- mosa, filched from China as a result of Japan's unprovoked aggression | against the then Celestial Empire in | 1894, ought likewise to be restored to Chinese rule. The population and civilization are still essentially Chi- nese in character. Equally just is it that Korea, forcibly annexed to Japan in 1910, should be restored to independent nationhood. Despite brutal repression and persecution, the Koreans, numbering more than 20,000,000, have never been Japan- ized. They would welcame liberation, and Japan thus would be deprived of her vital foothold for any subse- quent aggression on the Asiatic mainland. Even that, however, by no means completes the necessary task. Japan possesses outlying island chains ex- tending from the tip of Russian Kamchatka to Formosa which effec- tively protect her from attick via the Pacific, and which also blanket both Siberia and China from normal ac- cess except with Japan’s permission. Likewise, Japan acquired in the last war an immense tract of island- studded ocean lying directly across the route from Hawaii to the Philip- pines. Japan has heavily fortified this region, in defiance of her prom- ises as a mandatory of the League of Nations. That the mandate islands will have to be taken from Japan is certain. But it is no less desirable that the island groups nearer home should likewise be taken from' her, since even small islands ‘may be made dangerous bases for aircraft and submarines. The first of these island chains are the Kuriles, extending from the northermost Japanese island of Hok- kaido to Kamchatka. They were acquired from Russia as far back as 1876, in exchange for a renunciation of Japanese claims to the island of | Sakhalin. Then Japan got the southern half of Sakhalin as part of the spoils from her war with Russia in 1904-05. The second of these island chains runs southward from Japan proper to Formosa, and was filched from China at various times. Lastly there is the Bonin Island group, halfway between Japan and the mandated islands. This group must also be taken. Deprived of all her strategic out- posts, and faced by a modernized, unified China, it is unlikely that | Japan could give further trouble. The chronic disturber of the Orient would have been put under lasting bond to keep the peace. This co y 5 least, is not lacking in variety. With Manila bombed and the whole archi- pelago attacked, we have, on the one hand, welders on strike and, on the other, & group of Fort Belvoir, Va., union workmen asking for the privilege of working overtime at reg- ular rates. CEE—— Any day now some song writer may be expected to come out with a gem in which American forces will Sokio | Tokio. b A 0 say the.| c, Says New England Is Ready for Attack -Writer Credits Dean Landis For Preparations for Raids By Enemy Bombers By Donald Grant, North American Newspaper Alliance. BOSTON, Jan. 3.—As Dean Landis says, the possibiilty of bombs being dropped on continental United States is something that you either believe or don't believe. James McCauley Landis, dean of Harvard University Law School, isn't the sort of fellow who sees things under the bed. He is a tough-minded, realistic administrator—currently regional direc- tor for the first civilian defense area, which is New England. But Dean Landis does believe that the bombing of continental United States is a possibility—and one for which we know we should be prepared. Since last July, Harvard law students have seen their dean mostly as a man coming from some place and going some other place in a hurry., When friends call his home, he isn't there. If they ask when he will be in, they get the answer from Mrs. Landis, “I never know.” Today the people of New England can thank Dean Landis for the fact that their area is regarded as the best pre- pared of any in the Nation against at- tack from the air. The East Coast’s first air-raid warning, two days after the bombing of Pearl Harbor, caught New England in a mixed mood. One part of that mood was some- the preparations were not complete. The other part was a quiet satisfaction. The result of preparation already completed did show, and the experience speeded preparation a thousandfold. Dean Landis tells of the Boston school principal who wisely decided, when he heard the warning, to keep his pupils in their classrooms and say nothing. In the same school, two small boys had a portable radio in the gymnasium and heard the alarm broadcast. They, also, said nothing. “We didn't want to frigfinten the teachers,” the boys said afterward. By now the schools have an air-raid % position, a common one, since it is al- program, and air-raid drills are as com- mon as fire drills. Some kindergarten youngsters have brought blankets to | school—with their names embroidered on the edges—so they can keep warm in the basement during an air raid, should the heat become disconnected. Most school buildings have basements | to which pupils will be taken in an air- raid alarm. Othersphave nearby shelters located, and pupils are practicing evacu- ation in small groups under teacher supervision. Each school keeps in close touch with civilian defense, so raid warnings will be received promptly. Sand is kept handy for incendiary bombs. Each school appoints a teacher to serve as air-raid warden. The week before Christmas the Cam- bridge Lower School, not far from the house where both George Washington and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow lived, “held a Christmas program. The pupils— 4 to 12 years old—sang their songs, and | the parents listened. Then, as the sound of the carols drifted away, the pupils went back to their classrooms and the parents listened to a talk—on the psychological effect of air raids on children. ‘The speaker was one of the parents of Cambridge Lower School, a woman who brought two boys safely through both the Nazi terror in Austria and through the Nazi blitz on England. She is Dr. Grete Bibring, who came to London from Vienna with Sigmund Freud. Now a psychiatric physician practic- ing in Boston with her husband, Dr. Bibring speaks of war and children out of experience and knowledge. In the first place, she says, children reflect their parents. If the parents can take it, the children can, too. And in the second place, says Dr. Bibring, the period now being experienced by the people of both American coasts is in many ways more difficult than an actual bombing. The suspense is worse than the reality. ‘To lessen fears, for both children and adults, Dr. Bibring prescribes facts. “The more we know about a thing, the less fearful it becomes” she says. “Reality, no matter how horrible, is bet- ter than our fantasies.” One of Dr. Bibring's stunts is to ask people how big they think an incendiary bomb is. After they have described a huge and terrifying instrument of mod- ern warfare, she takes an actual bomb, out of her handbag—and reveals the small and unimposing outlines of reality, weighing a little over two pounds. Tell the children the truth, says Dr. Bibring; tell them that air raids are possible; let them know about bombing planes and bombs—and let the children help in preparing for civilian defense, and for fighting the war. Saving for De- fense stamps, learning what to do in an air raid, getting sand ready for incen- diary bombs—defense activity is good for children and adults, says Dr. Bibring. Expresses Thanks for Co-operation In Virginia Utilities Problems. To the Editor of The Star: Your excellent co-operation with citi- zens of Fairfax County, Va. in their struggle with public utility and trans- portation problems, especially the “Vir- ginia power hookup” and the unjustifi- ably high rates south of the Potomac (discussed by you editorially on Decem- ber 20) is appreciated and will be brought to every one's attention at the next meeting of this Federation of Fairfax County Citizens’ Associations. Our Pub- lic Utilities Committee is moving to secure & reduction of those rates to levels which generally may be regarded as yielding no more than a reasonable return on prédent investment. THOMAS P. MARTIN, President, Federation of Fairfax County Citizens” Associations. b Thinks State Department Policy Toward Free French Confusing. To the Bditor of The Star; The policy of the State Department ‘ | ney, in condemning the action of Vice Ad- miral Musilier, who seized the two is- lands, St. Pierre and Miquelon, off New- foundland, is most confusing. The de- | mand that the Free French leave and _restore the status quo to the Vichy regime is dangerous to the United States. Are we to fight the treacherous Axis forces and be handicapped by the State Department? We had better wake up before it is too late. A. A. SHAPER. Cincinnati, Ohio. q FRIDAY, JANUARY 2, 1942. THIS AND THAT By Charles E. Tracewell. “SILVER SPRING, Md. “Dear Sir: “I would like to ask if the white- breasted nuthatch is & usual guest at the feeding tray. Recently one flew onto the porch floor, grabbed a seed and was off. Did that several times. “A few days later two of them came, with the sparrows, to s low feeding tray outside a window. That day they came many tiges. I did not see them agsain for a we¥fk, but one came this morning with titmice and sparrows. “I know the nuthatohes when I see them on the tree trunks, and have identi- fied these from pictures in Chapman’s bird guide. “We have large trees near the house and I am sure they come from those, but have never had them come to feeding tray before. “Thanking you for information about the birds, I am “Sincerely yours, F. W.C.” * % x % One of the nicest things about the white-breasted nuthatches is that they are 50 easily recognized. There cen be no mistaking these friendly fellows, especially when they are flattened out on a tree trunk. Not even a squirrel or a woodpecker loves a tree more than this nuthatch. (The red-breasted nuthatch is rare, hereabouts.) ‘This white-breasted nuthatch, on the other hand, is so common the year around that few suburban neighborhoods | go without dozens of them. Ordinarily a yard where bird feeding is carried on in the fall and winter may count on having at least a pair, and usually two pairs. Males and femeles look a great deal alike, except that the colors of the females are just a bit duller. This ap- plies, of course, to the gray and dark blue. The white portions in both are the same sort of white, an off-white, rather on the grayish side. %% A feature of this fine bird is its fatness, as it sidles up a tree. It seems very wide in the beam in this ways scouring the bark for insects. It also looks for seeds which it has hid in crevices days before. These same seeds are stored away in this fashion by blue jays. ‘The small brown creeper also twines around the trunks of trees after insects, but it does not go head down, as the nuthatch does. This “devil downhead” position is one for which the nuthatch is famous. %% x Nuthatches always make friends of their human observers. It is impossible to work up any sort of spleen against this bird. Sometimes certain observers do not like the mock- ingbird, or frown upon English spar- rows, or declare that, starlings are = nuisance, or that grackles kill the young of other birds. Nothing is ever sald against the nut- hatches, however. They are too fine altogether for that. And if we may judge them from the company they keep, we must give them = high mark, for they “pal” around with two of the finest, the titmice and the chickadees. % Indesed, wherever nuthatches there are sure to be these others. Every suburban yard that has nut- hatches will have chickadees and titmice. All of these are small birds, with the nuthatch the largest of the trio. He come, however, is not very lerge, except for | that special look of fatness which is his distinct possession. Really, he is not fat, any more than some persons are fat who have a few special “bulges” here and there. ‘The nuthatch gets his apparent fat- ness from the fact that he'is wider in the beam than most birds, and has such & way of flattening himself out on a tree trunk that it brings out this feature. * *x % % ‘Women standing at their sinks in the kitchen have the best chance to watch the nuthatch. If there is a tree just outside, from § | | to 20 feet away, it affords a special theater for the bird to put on a show. A friendly bird is he, never flying away | at the slamming of a door, as so many others of the smaller wild birds do. For this reason, as well as for his beauty and habits, he is a friend of all persons who like to observe the birds at work and play. . x %% If a small feeding station is kept filled near a tree, or on a tree, nuthatches will stay with you all summer A coconut shell cut out, and filled with seeds, including sunflower, will serve to keep them around. ‘Their friendly cry, slightly on the cyni- cal side, is a welcome sound to all bird lovers. ‘The usual sound is a nasal “na, na,” slightly resembling the bleat of an old- fashioned billy goat. This sound is accented and different at times when the bird is high in the sky. Then the call is prolonged, and has been described as sardonic laughter. Whether one accepts this or not, he no doubt will come to welcome this odd sound as an ever-present reminder of one of the best of birds. ‘Where this cry is heard, its maker shortly will appear, a fat fellow in blue and white and gray, who accepts a “handout” with the graciousness of a true prince of the realms of air. Letters to Objects to News Articie On Houses Available in Richmond. To the Editor of The 1 wish to protest against the special article in your paper which quoted the Richmond Chamber of Commerce and individual real estate men and stated that there were ample accommodations in Richmond for the employes of the Patent Office. Several examiners went down there as an unofficial committee and spent hours in the company of real estate men and were unable to find more than 10 or 20 houses which are livable. Your article mentioned the Ilarge number of new heuses for sale. We ob- viously cannot purchase new houses for a temporary stay. I have a practically new house here which I must rent or sell for whatever I can get since I can- not afford to maintain two establish- ments. I obviously cannot get a fair price since 50 many houses will become evailable at once. The law of supply and demand still operates even in war- time. F. 8. | Thinks Congress Should Pass Law | Requiring Death for Sabeteurs. To the Editor of The In view of the fact that our Nation is at war and that there are large-scale efforts by disloyal citizens and agents of the Axis powers to hinder our pre- paredness by sabotage, Congress, without delay, should enact a law making sabo- tage or attempted sabotage subject to summary courts and punishable upon conviction by immediate execution. Saboteurs are worse than spies who, when caught, are subjected to the firing squad or to hanging without delay. Sabotage not only seriously interferes with our war preparations but often en- dangers the lives of our citizens and those of the armed forces of the Nation. There is no constitutional prohibition against the action herein suggested, but want of space forbids going into a dis- cussion of the reasons therefor. ‘While assistant to the attorngy general of the Philippines, I represented Gen. Duval and Col. Iron in a celebrated Japanese spy case before the Supreme Court of the Island. We found there was no law under which these spies could be prosecuted, and they had to be released. Upon my return to the States shortly after my resignation from fhe Philippine service, I drafted a law for the protection of #ur national de- fense secrets, which was enacted by the Congress, and was tHe first law ever enacted by Congress for that purpose. In the first World War a general and comprehensive espionage law was en- acted, and the law drafted by me was incorporated into it, but it'does not meet the present situation. We have a long, hard and costly war ahedd of us, and we | cannot afford to be squgamish or lenient in matters of this kind. ALEXANDER §. LANIER. Objects to Dr. McCartney’s Letter To President Roosevelt. To the Bditor of The Star. In The Star of December 26 appears the text of a letter to President Roose- velt from the Rev. Dr. Albert J. McCart- minister of the Covenant-First Presbyterial Church of Washington, protesting the circulation of & United States war poster. His main objection to it is that the figures shown are apelike, wear the German uniform and are the Horst Wessel song. Another thing which irks him is that the poster carries the subtitle: “O Yeah?” ‘With all due respect to Dr. McCartney and the he holds in our eity, may I remind him that we now are at war? We are at war with men the Editor Letters to the Editor must bear the name and address of the writer, although the use of a pseudonym for publication is permissible. The Star reserves the right to edit all letters with a view to condensation. whose souls, if it were possible for us to see souls, probably would appear a thousand times worse than do the faces of the men shown in the poster. I have known many Germans during the 50 years I have spent on this planet and have counted many of them among my friends, but they were not the type of Germans who ruthlessly would bomb and destroy Christian churches and cathedrals; they were not the type of Germans who burn and destroy priceless books that never can be replaced, who apparently take pleasure in machine-gunning and bombing de- fenseless civilians and hospitals hiding beneath the protective symbols of the cross; they were not the men who slaughter bewildered Jewish peasants by the hundreds, imprison and then murder God-loving and God-fearing doctors and scientists because they happened to spring from the seed of David as did our own divine Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ. The Germans I knew did not teach their trusting children the doc- trine of godlessness and racial hatred as do the Nazis of today. Dr. McCartney pleads for the defense of Christian civilization and the prin- ciples of human dignity. Dignity be hanged! My only son is serving in the Army, as filne & young man as any father ever had. This is no time for him to be thinking of human dignity. The dive-bomber who is after my son and thousands of young men like him and the man with a bayonet in his hands is far from being dignified. There are times when human dignity is out of place. As I read the King James version of the New Testament I find that even Jesus forgot His dignity when He drove the money changers from the temple. Dignity is fine for the church parlor, the pulpit, sociables and sewing circles, but it is wholly out of place in a war such as this. The men of Wake Island, Guam and Midway have no time for dignity. They are in a fight for their lives and ours. I have heard weatherbitten marines and sailors as well as soldiers use the expres- sion “O yeah?” many times in real life | when ho other expression seemed to | suffice. The church has its place in our world today, but the world is undergoing a change. I have known many godly chaplains of our armed services in years gone by, who overlooked such expres- sions as the eminent doctor objects to. They understood the man in uniform who was giving his all for home and country, A FATHER. To the Bditor of The Btar: Reading that the District is to be given more money for emergency de- fense, I would like to say that I think the citizens of Georgetown should be given a share. Engine Company No. 5 was moved from Wisconsin avenue and M street in the heart of the Georgetown business and industrial district a little over a Haskin’s Answers To Questions By Frederic J. Haskin. A reader can get the answer to any question of fact by writing The Eve- ning Star Information Bureau, Fred- eric J. Haskin, director, Washington, D. C. Please inclose stamp for reply. Q. Which is the largest city, Paris, Berlin or Moscow?—P. W. A. Paris with a population of 4933855 is the largest; Berlin, 4,332,242, and Mos~ cow, 4,137,018, Q. Please give the date of the false armistice day at the end of the World War—8. B. A, A. On November 7, 1018, a report wes circulated to the effect that an armis! had been signed, and there was wild Jjoicing throughout the United States 2.1 in some cities abi‘oud. Q. What nations signed the renewed Anti-Comintern Pact?—E. S A. Nations signing the Anti-Comintern Pact the last week of November, 1941, were: Japan, Germany, Itaiy, Spain, Hungary, Manchukuo, Finland, Den- mark, Rumania, Bulgaria, Slovakia, Croatia and Nanking-China. Q. To what football team is the sobri- quet “The Red Devils” given?—N. R. T. A. The name is applied to the team of Dickinson College at Carlisle, Pa. Q. What do the dates 1818 and 1908 signify on the boundary markers between the United States and Canada?—W.M.E. A. The date 1818 refers to the adjust- ment of the boundary in accordance with thertreaty of Ghent, signed in 1814. The date 1908 refers to a later convention, modifying the one in 1818 and is the one under which the actual survey was made. Q. How did the expression “behind the 8 ball” originate?—G. P. A. In a game of pool called “eight ball,” the cue ball is in a disadvantageous position when the 8 ball is behind it and an object ball, a player being forbidcen to shoot directly at or pocket the 8 ball until his other object balls have been pocketed. Hence it means to be in a very disadvantageous situation. Household Budget Booklet, 1942— Start the New Year right. With our completely changed economic situation it is necessary to revamp our financial plans. The 1942 Budget Book has many timely features to meet our new problems. Includes sample budgets for indi- viduals and families earning va- rious incomes. Easy systems of account keeping and saving. To secure your copy of this practical booklet inclose 10 cents in coin wrapped in this clipping, and mail to The Star Information Bureau. Q. Name some of the persons buried in the Tower of London—T. C. A. Anne Boleyn, Catherine Howard. Cromwell, the two Seymours, the Earl of Sussex, and the Duke of Monmouth are among the notable persons buried in tic Tower of London. Q. What commander offered himself to appease the hunger of his starving people?—M. 8. A. Van der Werff, burgomaster of Leyden, when the city was in its fifth month of siege by the Spaniards, said to the starving citizens, “Take my body to appease your hunger, but expect no surrender so long as I remain alive.” Q. Is it true that deer shed tears?— IR L A. The drops which fall from the eyes of deer are not tears but an oily secre- tion from the so-called tear-pits. Q. What is the origin of the name of Detroit. Michigan?—I. 8. A. A. Detroit is the Prench word signify~ ing a strait, a narrow passage or a sound and the city was founded on the land bordering the river which connects Lake Erie and Lake St. Clair, Q. What flower signifies friendship?— P.N.C. A. The honeysuckle is the symbol of friendship. Q. Distinguish between heir-appar- ent and heir-presumptive —R. B. A. The heir-apparent is the actual heir who will succeed if he outlives the present holder of the crown. The heir- presumptive is one whose succession may be broken by the birth of some one nearer akin to the holder. Q. Who was Prime Minister of Eng- land at the time of the abdication of King Edward VIII?—F. I. A. Stanley Baldwin was Prime Min- ister of Great Britain at the time of the abdication of King Edward VIIIL. Q. What is the opposite of a de facto government?—S. R. E. A. De jure government is one existing by legal right or international agree- ment. De facto government is a power governing irrespective of its legal authority. Q. Is it true that Jimmy Scribner im- personates all the characters on his program “The Johnson Family”?—J. D. A. Mr. Scribner takes all of the parts himself. He is capable of doing as many as 67 different voices, writes his own script and works out the sound effects. Portrait of a Man He lifts his hat and measures time of day With knowing eye; almost spent, He pulls the young corn’s silken husk away To sniff its fragrance, warm and succulent. He thinks how winged shadows darkly fall On other lands, but in these fields he knows A sense of peace, where corn grows green and tall And a wheatfield ocean softly ebbs and flows. There was a time when he, too, dreamed of wings, Before youth’s gallant banners were stained with red, Now his horizon bounds familiar things, Young corn and wheat, for nations must de fed. ALMA ROBISON HIGBEE. the sunlight ’