Evening Star Newspaper, March 22, 1940, Page 3

Presidential Field Turns fo Arranging Of lfineraries Stumping Is Begun With Candidates on Various Tours By JOHN C. HENRY. Headliners in the 1940 presiden- tial competition prepared today to launch a series of fresh assaults on the Nation's voters as important primary dates drew near. Bursting with an urge for imme- diate travel and oratorical effort from the Republican side are Sena- tors Taft of Ohio and Bridges of New Hampshire and District Attor= ney Thomas E. Dewey of New York. All plan immediate personal appear- ance tours. Desirous of talking, but not of traveling, Senator Vanden- berg of Michigan will add to the Republican fire by a Nation-wide radio speech from here on Monday night. Farley to Go South. On the Democratic side, Postmas- ter General Farley—now an open, self-avowed and continuing candi- date—will carry the torch in a trip southward. As evidenced by the itineraries planned for the Republican cam- paigners the April primary engage- ments are the remote control factors influencing the candidates, with the April 2 test in Wisconsin being the | first and most closely scrutinized | fight coming up. | Mr. Dewey, for instance, will| reach Wisconsin next Friday and | Saturday for some intensive speak- ing and handshaking after making | appearances in St. Louis én Wed- | nesday and in Chicago on Thurs- day. Senator Vandenb®rg, although on record against the “transient impulses” of campaign tours, vis- HONG KONG.—THE WILL TO LIVE BURNS LOW—The tide of war has swept sorrow into the life of this once prosperous Chinese countrywoman. She has lost her home and all her other possessions in the sweep of battling armies. wrinkled with new lines of care as she gazes dolefully at the ground, knowing she has nothing left but the clothes she wears. THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., FRIDAY, MARCH 22, 1940. President Refers Chinese Food Appeal Te Red Cross Specific Request Made For More Supplies Of Cracked Wheat President Roosevelt today réferred to the American Red Cross an ap- peal for immediate help in meeting & “desperate food shortage” in China. The appeal, addressed to Secre- tary of State Hull and transmitted to the President, came from the American Advisory Committee for Civillan Relief in China. It was forwarded here by Clarence E. Gauss, consul general in Shanghai. Asking specifically for increased Now her face is —A. P. Wirephoto. ited Wisconsin a few weeks ago, spoke at nearby Minneapolis and very probably will attune his Mon- day night radio speech to catch some Wisconsin listeners. Mr. Dew- ey and Senator Vandenberg are| being offered to the Wisconsin Re- | publican voters on April 2, with P:csident Roosevelt and Vice Pres- ident Garner heading up opposlng‘ Democratic slates. | And close by is the Illinois pri- | mary of April 9, with the two top| Democrats again in conflict and | Mr. Dewey, unopposed, striving to| pile up an impressive total of Re- | publican votes. | Senator Taft's Program. Not entered in either of these major encounters but one of the most widely traveled of the cam-| paigners thus far, Senator Taft will speak tonight at Louisville, Ky.: | tomorrow at Danville, Monday at Philadelphia and next Saturday at Newport News. And close to the | mileage record, Senator Bridges | will appear in Cleveland tomor- | row, at Chapel Hill, N. C., on Tues- day and at Hackensack, N. J., on| April 4. | As for the Democratic speaking plans, Mr. Farley has billed his | Southern tour as a round of post office dedications, but his declaration | of Wednesday that he is in the presi- | dential race to stay will subject his | remarks to extra careful listening and reading. Several of his appear- | ances are to be in North Carolina | and Tennessee, Texas being the| {arthest point. | Before heading southward, how- ever, Mr. Farley will make speaking appearancesnext Wednesday in Ban- gor, Me,, and on Thursday at Cam- bridge, Mass. From there he plans to travel toward Chicago, perhaps | stopping en route. His swing to | the South will begin from Chicago | about the first of the following | week. Thus far he has about 15 engagements listed although he is xpected to be away much more than 10 or 12 days. With no announced plans to speak for himself, Vice President Garner will be represented in the oratory by Senator Sheppard, a fellow Texas Democrat, in a radio address from here tomorrow night. Senator Shep- pard said the speech is being made on Mr. Garner’s behalf. Mr. Garner took formal action last night to be represented in the California primary on May 7, send- ing an affidavit on his intentions to the California Secretary of State.| President Roosevelt also is entered | in this Far Western test, with the | pro-Roosevelt groups just getting | over one fight but threatening an- other. Other Developments. In the past 24 hours other devel-| opments on the political front follow: From Springfield, Mass., the Asso- | ciated Press reported that Senator | ‘Wheeler, Democrat, of Montana and | a presidential candidate, had told | interviewers that the Democratic | nominee, whoever he may be, will have a hard battle—not because the Republicans are strong, but because the unemployment and farm prob- lems are still unsolved by the Demo- crats. He repeated a previously ex- pressed opinion that President Roosevelt will not be a candidate. Senator Wheeler told residents of his native State he was much more apprehensive over the possibility of this country sending troops to E;u- rope than over a possible invasion by Germany. “Do not be misled by propa- ganda,” he counseled. “Although I am in sympathy with England and France, I don’t want to see one American boy sent across the water to fight on foreign soil. “We fought the last war to make the world safe for democracy, but we have less democracy than ever before. If we get into the war it is a question if we will have any democracy left in America.” " At Indianapolis, Federal Security Administrator Paul V. McNutt was quoted as giving assurances that he will not attempt to control his party’s gubernatorial selection in Indiana. His own presidential cam- paign is “on the upgrade,” it was said, with reports that he might Teturn as Governor of Indiana termed “preposterous.” In Kansas, dissension among the Republicans broke into the open with a letter from Senator Reed that he is withdrawing as a candi- date for delegate-at-large to the party’s national convention, accom- —_— PROPOSALS. SSIONERS, D. C.. WASHINGTON, March 1940. Sealed proposals will be received at Room 509. District Building, until 2:00 p.m., April 5. 1940. and then publicly opened for grading. paving. curb- ing and otherwise improving various road- ways with about 42,000 square yards of reinforced cement concrete pavement, alternate. Apply Room . 427. District Bullding. for proposals and speciications. ext COMMISSIONERE, D. C.. WASHING’ March 22. 1940. ed_proposals will received at Room District until 10:00 o'clock am April Er furnishing sand—East S N, be Building, 1. 1940, cations_and information istrict Building, 3 The bottom of the Mediterranean | fluctuations of Southern Europe probably guards much of the story | and Northern Africa during the of man’s early days in Europe, Dr.| days when modern man was first| W. H. Bradley of the United States | establishing himself in the west. Geological Survey told members of Such cores, he believes, will give the Washington Academy of Sei- ences last night at the presentation of the academy’s first annual awards. | Dr. Bradley, who received the award in physical sciences, described his recent work in analyzing cores obtained from the bottom of the North Atlantic by Dr. C. S. Piggot of the Carnegie Institution. These give a compact record of the fluc- tuations of temperature in the| northern hemisphere from the be- | ginning of the last ice age to the present. But the most inviting prospect, he said, is study of the floor of the Mediterranean. During the ice age, he believes, the present fow gof was reversed and the waters of this academy. landlocked sea overflowed into the Atiantic. Cores from the bottom, he said, probably would give a first- hand account of all the climatic| bers of the academy. Mediterranean Floor Believed To Hold Story of Early Europe | | the psychology and geographical the first authentic evidence of the age of the Sahara Desert which can be determined from the dopth of the first deposits of wind-blown sand. The engineering award went to Lt.| Paul A. Smith of the Coast and| Geodetic Survey for his part in| mapping with sonic depth finders| the subterranean terrain off the| eastern coast of the United States, | The award in biology was present- | ed to Dr. Herbert Friedmann of the National Museum for his work on| distribution of birds. The awards were presented by Dr. Eugene C. Crittenden of the Bureau Standards, president of the Henceforth they will be made each year to three Washington scientists under 40 years of age who are mem- panied by a rap at the “outrageous tended the same Atomic Physics Con- | or coercive patronage practices” of‘ference here last winter, when Car- former Gov. Landon and the Re- | negie Institution scientists, working | publican organization of the State. | all night, verified for the first time | Here, Secretary of Interior Ickes | the splitting of uranium atoms and | told a press conference that no|the production of the greatest en- Democratic candidate now in the ergies ever known outside the stars. open could control enough delegates | for the presidential nomination. He mentioned Mr. Farley, Mr. Garner and Mr. McNutt. A leader | of the third-term movement for Mr. Roosevelt, the Secretary re- | ferred to Mr. Farley as “a fine man,” | but did not indorse the latter’s avowed candidacy. Scientists (Continued From First Page.) the “flowing” characteristics of | flui | This cylinder is pressed down upon the salt with a pressure of about | 300,000 pounds a square inch. This | is about the highest possible with a | single bomb. Steel Becomes Stronger. | This bomb is placed inside another | bomb which presses down upon it | with a pressure of another 300,000 | pounds a square inch. The whole | contrivance is inclosed in a thick steel jacket. Up to a short time ago this was thought to be the greatest pressure man could achieve. The strongest steel could stand no greater pressure than 600,000 pounds a| square inch. Recent experiments in other labor- atories have shown, however, that steel actually becomes stronger with the pressure put upon it. A sort of supersteel is produced which exists only as long as the pressure con- tinues. Once the “weight” is taken off it bounds back like so much rub- ber into the same old steel. It was this increase of strength with pressure which enabled Dr. Goranson to subject his inner bomb, and eventually the table salt, to a pressure not double, but tenfold, that hitnerto believed possible. ‘Theoretically, it was explained, there seems to be no bar to ob- taining much higher pressures by using as many bombs within bombs as one desires. This apparatus, however, would become extraord- inarily cumbersome and expensive. Helps Study of Earth’s Interior. The table salt under pressure was a far different substance than that on Dr. Goranson’s breakfast table a few hours later. It was, as one physicist described it, “rubber salt.” As soon as the pressure was re- moved it bounced back into the same salt again. Dr. Goranson's accomplishment is considered a major achievement in any study of the conditions which obtain in the interior of the earth, where everything rests under the enormous weight of the planet's outer shells. At the same time a completely new field has been opened up on the qualities of substances under extreme pressures. As a dramatic event the accom- plishment rivaled that which at- FALSE TEETH REPAIRED WHILE YOU WAIT ROBT. B. SCOTT. DENTAL TECA. 505 Luth st B, Bme, vel. ven Earth’s Core. The heart of the earth was pic- tured yesterday as an immense | ball of iron about 2,000 miles in diameter under a pressure of ap- proximately 2,000,000 times that of the air, which has maintained a temperature between 2,000 and 5,000 degrees centrigrade for close to 2,000,- 000,000 years. This was the starting point for the | conference, which is being attended by about 50 of the world's leading authorities on the planet’s interior. That the center is an immense iron ball, it was explained, now is virtually certain, due to the weight and balance of the planet. Only | something of the approximate weight of iron fits the equations. A major problem for which a| working hypothesis will be sought during the conference is that of the heat of the planet’s core. There are many indications, it was explained, that this core is solid rather than liquid. This means that the tem- perature must be somewhat below the melting point of iron which is 6,370 degrees above absolute zero under a pressure 2,000,000 times that of the air. Such a pressure produces a state of matter which is extremely diffi- cult to comprehend. Experiments In the laboratory, before last night, had not exceeded about 50,000 times the weight of air. Yet even the entire weight of the outer shells of the earth is insuffi- cient to crush the orbits of the iron atoms to produce a state of matter such as exists in the stars and upon which physicists can speculate. Temperature Unchanged. The temperature of the interior, it was brought out, apparently has remained essentially unchanged since the cooling of the earth to its present form about 2,000,000,000 years ago. There is no way for the | heat to get out except by convection currents. If these are admitted on any large scale, it was emphasized, the internal temperature of the planet long since would have been absolute zero. The conference was opened by President Cloyd H. Marvin of George Washington University. Dr. Enrico Fermi of Columbia University, Nobel prize winner, outlined the present status of knowledge of the earth’s interior. Group sessions will be held today and tomorrow at the university, the Carnegie Institution and the Mar- tinique Hotel. With a Nation-wide traffic toll of 2,730 lives reported in January, 1940, this casualty list was 6 per cent greater than in January a year ago. MOTHS= Certified Pest Control Service Saves More Than Its Small Cost AMERICAN DISINFECTANT CO. WELDIT, INC, 516 1st St N.W. ME. 7944 ¥ A | totaled 32,694 tons. NATL. 6479 supplies of cracked wheat, the ap- peal follows: “During early months of the China conflict cash contributions from America for civilian relief were generously supplemented by grant of wheat. Wheat supply exhausted. Scarcity of rice and all other grain with the soaring prices are defeating relief efforts. With unfavorable ex- change and high freight rates pur- chase of grain in foreign markets beyvond resources of relief com- mittees here. We respectfully re- quest your aid in obtaining gift and shipment cracked wheat for relief in China. This would assist in meeting desperate food shortage in China, where multitudes of poor are suffering from hunger and would be effective expression of American good will.” An identical appeal likewise was sent to the Church Committee for China Relief in New York City. The President’s action in trans- ferring the plea to the Red Cross | for its immediate attention was one of his few decisions of the day as he | remained at the White House proper | for further treatment of his linger- ing cold. According to Stephen T. Early, presidential secretary, the Chief Executive's physician, Dr, Ross T. | McIntire, has advised him to re-| main away from his office over the | week end, with the expectation that | by Monday he will be able to re-| turn to his normal routine. .The | President had a slight fever this morning, as he has for the last week or 10 days. Mr. Roosevelt insisted on keeping | one appointment today, with Frank Walker of New York for a discus- | sion of progress on the Hyde Park | Memorial Library The regular | Friday cabinet meeting and press | conference were canceled. In view NEW AUSTRALIAN LEGATION—White Oaks, Washington es 3117 Woodland drive N.W., has been leased for 12 months by Richard G. Casey, first Australian Minister to the United States, who arrived a month ago. The staff will move in early in April from its temporary nine-room building at 1811 Twenty-fourth street N.W. . tate of Mrs. David J. Dunigan, at o —A. P. Photo. France (Continued From First Page.) and the former premier’s acceptance was given readily. Deputies listen in silence. Text of Statement. | The text of the Premier-Foreign | Minister's statement said: | “France is engaged in a complete‘ war. | “A powerful enemy is transform- | ing and concentrating all its human | activity into warfare in order to triumph, “Aided by the treachery of the| Soviets it is carrying the fight into | all quarters and working out all tne | blows which it is giving with a sort | of genius for destruction that we | certainly do not fail to recognize as | not only awe inspiring but at the same time hateful. “By this fact alone the state of this war to the end is the whole | stake. | “To win is to save everything. To | lose is to lose all. | “Gentlemen: Parliament, exhibit- | ing the national sentiment, has| measured the terrible realities from every angle. “Thus the government which pre- sents itself before you has no other reason for existence and wants no position which threatened his ad- ministration even before it was fully launched. On his success or failure depended France’s chance of getting quickly a stable government. Crisis Atmosphere Remains. Although M. Reynaud had created an administration with speed suited to demands, some atmosphere of crisis still lingered. Both the press and Parliament lobbies criticized his Randolph Takes Post With War Debts Group Chairman Randolph of the House | District Committee has accepted designation as one of the vice chair- men of the Make Europe Pay War Debts Committee, a private group | advocating cession of French and | British West Indian possessions to | cabinet’s size, its Left-wing complex- pthe United States in payment of | fon and its large number of hold- overs from M. Daladier’s regime. Instead of a compact government, M. Reynaud produced a cabinet of 23 ministers—three more than in M. Daladier's—despite the clamor for one of wieldy size. It failed also to meet demands for a national union government including all parties from Right to Left. Nazis See Reynaud Rule Battle Notice to Reich BERLIN, March 21 (#).—The Nazi | Press last night interpreted the for- mation of the new French govern- ment under Premier Paul Reynaud as a “battle notice” to Germany. “Germany knows what it owes| this cabinet: War and again wa; said the Berliner Lokalanzeiger. “It is the battle notice of Jewish and | of the doctor’s advice it was not | Other than this: To raise and direct | other high finance against National | expected the President would attend | church services on Easter Sunday.| London _(Contirnuedr From F‘lrst Page.) travel is outward bound from Lon- don, but today the movement was both ways as many children, civil servants and others returned for | the first visits since they were re- moved last September as an air raid precaution, Three-Day Ship Losses | 32,694 Tons, Say Nazis { BERLIN, March 22 (#.—A high command communique said today that sinkings of enemy merchant vessels and of neutral vessels “useful to the enemy” in the past three days ‘The communique: “In the west, no special events. “The German air force, despite | most unfavorable weather, recon- | noitered up to the northermost | North Sea. “Undertakings of German naval | forces in merchant warfare con- tinued successful. In the course of three days 32,694 gross register tons of enemy merchant shipping space | and of vessels useful to the enemy were sunk.” Nazi Ship’s Captain Escapes in Disguise COPENHAGEN, March 22 (#)— The captain of the German mer- chantman Heddernheim, disguised as a sailor, evaded capture by the British submarine which sank his vessel,ate last night off the Danish coast. The story of the sinking—the first by a British submarine to be an- nounced in the European war—was told today by members of the mer- chantman's 36-man crew, 35 of whom were rescued. The thirty-sixth man is the first engineer who was taken aboard the submarine when the British were informed the captain was dead. The British gave the crew 15 minutes to enter their lifeboats, the | Germans said, and the captain | slipped into one. They were res- | cued by Danes after the submarine | fired a torpedo into the merchant- man. The rescued Germans im- mediately started home to Germany. No details were given regarding the cargo of the Heddernheim, which was bound for Germany. Hen ‘Hatches’ Whisky GREENVILLE, Miss, March 22 (®).—Two searches through a sus- pected Negro's premises failed to disclose any illegal whisky, but on the third try raiding officers found a cache of 14 half pints—under uk setting hen. BUFFALO BILL Rallway workers pushing the steel beams Westward depended on Buf- falo Bill to supply food for the camps. . HAVE A ABLE PAINT JoB Have dependable Call Carl auto painters give your car that bright, new spring-like look. A better, longer-last- ing paint job than the original factory one ... complete for $17.50 up. Use our Budget Plan to pay— have the work (all CARL »c. _BRIGHTWOOD * DOWNTOWN ° NORTHEAST Phone District 2775 MEN OTHER MEN all French energies to fight and win and to crush treason from whatever | angle it comes. “Thanks to your confidence and your help we will accomplish this task. | “If it were necessary to have an- | other comfort we would only have | to count on the immense recources | of our country and our empire. We would have only to look our admir- | able allies straight in the eyes. We | would have only to remember the | valor of our people, the efforts of our workmen and of our farmers, the strength of our armies, the ardor of our soldiers and the brav- ery of our leaders. “We would only finally have to think of the eternal spirit of France.” Meet With Lebrun. The ministers met twice before the chamber session, and approved M. Reynaud's declaration to the cham- ber. After a private meeting with M. Reynaud at the Elysee Palace they reassembled as a council of ministers under President Albert| Lebrun. | ‘Without making public his rea- sons, Jean Le Cour Grandmaison, resigned as undersecretary of the navy after being in M. Reynaud’s | new government only overnight. He is considered an “extreme rightist.” M. Reynaud’s first big job as suc- cessor to Premier Daladier was to ease France past her first political crisis of the war by overcoming op- ICE CREAM Pure as the Morning Nearest Melvern Dealer. DAY RATES, 25¢ 1ST HOUR 5¢ EACH ADDITIONAL HOUR 1320 N. Y. AVE. ED CARL Upon whom Washing- ton motorists depend for suto repair and supplies. \ DEPEND- done today! Socialistic Germany.” The newspaper said the return of | former Premier Daladier as defense | | minister in the Reynaud government was based on the fact the French geaeral staff “regards him as its | representative.” People’s Lobby Luncheon The People’s Lobby, Inc., will hold | a luncheon at 12:45 o'clock tomor- | row at the National Press Club at | which the subject, “Can Private In- \ dustry Use the Unemployed?” will be discussed by spokesmen for private industry and the Government. Health Week Plans Observance of National Negro Health Week will begin in Arlington | County, Va., on Sunday, March 31, | when ministers of colored churches will preach on the importance of | health. A poster contest will be carried on in the schools. | & ] - OQurs A Magic Formula Your Choice of World War debts, it was announced | today. | In accepting the position, Repre- sentative Randolph wrote the war debts group's headquarters, 425 Bond ‘ § Building: “I have discussed the mat- | ter with Senators Lundeen (national | chairman of the committee) and Reynolds, and I am happy to join these individuals who are active in this important proposal.” | Will Speak on Purim ! Rabbi Henry Segal will speak on | “Purim—A Challenge” at the 8:30 o'clock services tonight at B'nai Israel Congregation, Fourteenth and Emerson streets N.W. After the service an open forum on “Why the German Jewish Council Lacks a United Front in Combatting Anti- | Semitism” will be conducted by | Samuel Wrubel. *3 A3 |Row Ended, Orchestra Plays to Aid Chinese B the Associated Press. PHILADELPHIA, March 22 —Dis- pute that fhreatened for a time to bar four distinguished soloists from appearing with the Philadelphia Orchestra in 4 concert for Chinese relief was ironed nut last night shortly before curtain time. Ending 24 hours of argument, the local chapter of the National China Ald Society acceded to the demand of the Theater Authority, Inc., of New York that 15 per cent of the proceeds be turned over to the au- thority. Alan Corelli, executive secretary of the authority, contended his organi- zation is authorized by the American Guild of Musical Artists to collect that percentage from all benefit concerts in which its members take part, the money to be used for union charities. The soloists involved were Alex- ander Kipnis, Metropolitan Opera basso; Rose Bampton, Metropolitan soprano; Joseph Szigeti, violinist, and Emanuel Feuermann, cellist. Finn President Declares Peace Treaty in Force By the Associated Press. HELSINKI, March 22 —President Kyosti Kallio decreed today that the new Soviet Russian-Finnish peace treaty was in force following an ex- change of ratification documents in Moscow. He announced, in addition, thst he had appointed four Finnish rep- resentatives to serve on a joint come mission to work out details of Fin- land’s new frontiers, narrowed by the March 12 pact with Moscow. We_ Will Save You 25% to 35% On Diamonds 1-carat smlon Diamond. $500 Value Appraisals Free Our Address Is 903 F St. N.W. KAHN-OPPENHEIMER, Inc. Invalid and Sickroom Supplies For 34 years Gibson’s has specialized in Invalid and Sickroom Supplies. Our Prices Are Always Reasonable GIBSON'S 917 G St. N.W. $5,000 Limit The struggle in Congress to fix $5000 ceiling for contribu- tions to political war chests reminds a new and lower limit on your home us—why don’t you set heating costs? Burn Marlow’s Famous Reading Anthracite the low ash hard coal. 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