Evening Star Newspaper, March 10, 1940, Page 4

Reds Claim 2 Towns On<Wes Coast of Viipuri Bay Fighting Still Heavy Along All Fronts, Finns Report B the Associated Press. MOSCOW, March 10 (Sunday) — ‘The occupation of two towns on the western coast of the Bay of Viipuri was reported today by the Red Army. ‘The Russian communique on yes- terday's fighting in the Viipuri sector said the bay towns of Karp- pila and Ruhela had been captured as well as the islands of Porkansaari and Puispansaari in Viipuri Bay. ‘The town of Repola, northeast of Viipuri on the railroad line from the ancient Finnish port to Serdobol, also was captured, the communique said. ‘The communique: “Nothing of importance at the t. nt. “On the Viborg (Viipurd) Bay Soviet troops occupied the islands of Porkansaari and Puispansaari, on the western coast of this bay the towns of Karppila and Ruhela and the town of. Repola northeast of Viborg on the railway line between ‘Viborg and Serdobol. “Soviet aviation acted against enemy troops and military objec- tives and brought down five enemy airplanes.” Finns Admit Reds Get Foothold on Bay Shore HELSINKI, March 9 (#).—Despite accounts of peace negotiations that filled front pages of Helsinki news- papers, heavy fighting continued today on virtually all fronts, with the invading Red Army finally gaining “a restricted foothold” on the northwest shore of Viipuri Bay. Military observers said that this| foothold—gained at tremendous cost —undoubtedly would increase the threat to Viipuri, toward which the Russians have been driving furi- ously since February 1. ‘This latest Russian maneuver, acknowledged in the Finnish high command’s communique tonight, ‘was regarded as of outstanding im- portance because of the possibility it might put the Russians in a po- sition to complete encirclement of the city of Viipuri and outflank the western end of the Mannerheim Line. Talk of peace, however, over- shadowed news of the fighting. Hel- sinki evening newspapers gave prominent display to dispatches irom Stockholm, Berlin, Paris, Lon- don and Rome with various:reports of peace proposals. There still was no official com- ment, however, beyond the brief communique Thursday night which said that Russia had prepared to submit demands more far-reaching than the original demands of last autumn, which Finland rejected. It was disclosed, however, that there have n further communications since ursday and it was indi cated that the contact continued. The fact that the proposals had not already been rejected led to the belief that Moscow may have modified its demands after early indications that Finland would fight on rather than accept a loser’s terms. There was strong opposition here to extensive concessions; some feared such a peace might not be lasting. These fears were suggested by the newspaper Ilta Sanomat, which although not commenting di- rectly on the Russian-Finnish situ- ation, made the following pointed reference to the approaching March 15 anniversary of the German oc- cupation of Bohemia-Moravia, heart of the former Czecho-Slovak re- public. “To the eyes of the world was offered the tragic drama of a nation which was carried from one sur- render to another.” Front Positions Little Changed. Meanwhile, the situation at the front continued virtually the same except for the Soviet gain in the Vilpuri Bay sector, where several islands were captured by the Rus- sians in addition to the positions on the mainland. (The Russian Army in its communique on activities of last Monday reported occupation of the towns of Hejnlahti, Muho- lahti and Vilajoki on the Bay of Viipuri about 15 miles west of Viipuri. Subsequent ¢ommu- niques, however, failed to men- tion further Russian progress in this direction.) The communique pictured the Russian drive across Viipuri Bay in its statement that the Finnish Air Force “again bombed and fired | on enemy troops and columns of lorries, sledges and tanks” picking their way across the island-dotted ice, scene for days of sanguinary battle. Fighting Heavy for Days. ‘The Russians failed to gain else- where on the Isthmus of Karelia and suffered large losses both there and northeast of Lake Ladoga, where heavy fighting has been going on for days, according to the Finns. The communique said that an enemy detachment of undisclosed size had been' completely an- nihilated at Lava Lake and that a fierce battle continued . along the Kollaa River, where thousands of Russians were killed earlier in the: week. The past few days have Leen marked by a lull in Soviet bombing attacks on cities and towns outside the war zone. There has been con- siderable: activity, however, on the Isthmus and along the southern coast between Kotka and Viipurl Bay, where the Russians are at- tempting to establish bases. Seatrain Launched At Chester (Pa.) Yards By the Associated Press. CHESTER, Pa,; March 9.—The seatrain Texas, a 14,200-ton, $2,500,- 000 vessel for carrying loaded rail- road freight cars between the Na- tion’s four seatrain-equipped ma- rine terminals, was launched today at the Sun Shipbuilding and Dry- dock Co. yards on the Delaware River here. The Texas was built for Seatrain Lines, Inc., which now operates five such vessels. A sixth, the seatrain New Jersey, is being built here and will be launched April 6. Sponsored by Mrs. William P. Bpofford of Pensacola, Fla., wife of Seatrain Lines’ naval architect, the Texas will begin t'rni:; :aum in sbout s manth prepara serve foe between Texas City, Tex., and Xew York. ~ Britain's Second Evacuation Scheme Declared Faulty Movement of Children After Bombings Begin May Break Down By H. J. J. SARGINT. LONDON, March 9 (C.N.F.).—As far back as last October, I discussed the difficulties of evacuation in Eng- land and I said that quantities of evacuees, very homesick, were find- ing their way back to London and the other big cities. I suggested that possibly evacuation might be made more attractive but, that all other considerations would be for- gotten if the bombs should come. By every standard of average rea- son, the testing time for the powers of endurance of the civil population of this country will come this spring. It is idle to suppose that the almost daily reconnaissance flights under- taken by German aircraft to the coasts of Britain from the Shetlands to the Thames Estuary will not bear early fruit. The country expects enemy air operations against it and, if one may judge with years of ex- perience, the probability of anything like widespread emotion or commo- tion seems remote. “The even heart that seldom slurs its beat,” to quote & line from Kipling, is, I think, likely to re- main even. ¢ Plan Is for Children Only. For six months the home de- partment has been studying the problem of moving large crowds from danger points to places where danger is less acute. In this, the lessons of the first evacuation, un- dertaken hurriedly, have been use- ful. ‘The new evacuation scheme pro- vides for the moving of children only, not for adults except where such adults, like mothers with small babies, are necessary for the care of the children. At this moment there are still some 400,000 chiidren, evacuated from their homes, living in more or less remote country places. These are to remain where they are and plans have been made for the shifting of as many of the children as possible from big centers as soon as air raids develop on a scale involving serious and continu- ous bombing. That, to my mind, is the one mistake in the plan. It seems to me that evacuation should take place before the bombs begin to drop in any quantity. Children in England are no more nervy or liable to panic than those of other North- ern European nations, but the kind of bombing which the administra- tion has in mind is likely to have a lasting effect on the nerves of many of them. No Compulsion in Plan. ‘Whereas in the first evacuation there was a measure of compulsion, there will be no compulsion this time, but steps will be taken, once the children have gone away, ,to prevent their return home to danger areas. Parents who want their chil- dren to be evacuated—and although compulsion will not be exercised there will no doubt be a good deal of persuasion to that end—will have to sign an undertaking that they will send them away when evacua- tion is ordered by the government and they will also have to sign a declaration that they will leave their children in the reception areas until the government thinks it safe for them to return. 8 In principle, children will go in school parties, each school being a complete unit amd this will provide an opportunity for continuing the education of these children which was largely neglected under the first scheme. A surprising situation arose when the children were first moved out of big centers. The schools in the cities were to a large extent closed and there was no schoo] ac- commodation in the remote country places. Some attempt at half-time school work was tried in the villages, but it did not Amount to a great deal, while those children tha* trickled back to the cities found, generally to their delight, that all the schools were closed. Great Camps to Be Built. Where billets are found to be in- sufficient ‘great ¢amps will be built, while billeting allowances, which were always on the frugal side, have been increased by about two shillings per week per child.. The new.rate of payment will be 10 shillings and 6 pence ‘per week for each child, not an extravagant amount. At present provincial authorities, whose districts have been scheduled as reception areas, are busy com- pleting registers of billets which, in accordance with instructions from the central government, have to be available at a few hours’ notice and transport plans are also ‘being pre- pared that could be put into opera- tion at the drop of a hat. All the same I take leave, as I have said, to question the wisdom of waiting until big air raids occur be- fore moving the children. When serious bombing takes place, trans- port will be disorganized, roads will be cut up and rails will be destroyed. that, and if several hundred thou- sand children have to be evacuated in those circumstances, the scheme may break down. ‘There are those, including myself, who think that a measure of com- pulsion should be exercised and that the children should be made to go while the going is good. ’. There are no two opinions about |' i TORPEDO BOATS GUARD BRITISH COAST—These new, high-speed motor torpedo boats have been put into service off the east coast of England. They carry antl-aircraft guns. —A. P. Wirephoto. War Effects May Force Japan To Abandon Parts of China ' Fewer Men, High Taxes and Disrupted Economy May Force By CLARK LEE, Associated Press Poreign Correspondent. SHANGHAT, March 9.—The Japa- nese have reached a point in their 32-month-old undeclared war on China when competent foreign mili- tary observers believe they must consider withdrawing from certain areas, This question, experts say, will be answered not on the battlefields, but in Japan, where the problems of de- creased man power, increased taxa- tion and disruption of the national economy are reported daily grow- ing more serious. Nothing in the nature of a general Japanese collapse is foreseen, but foreign military men say that if present stalemated conditions con- tinue, the Japanese in a few months may have to quit some sections. As they see it, if the invaders do pull in their horns it will be done first in South China, then in the Yangtze Valley if necessary, but, barring complete collapse, the Japa- nese will never abandon North China, original objective of their campaign and where their hold is strongest. Undeclared Truce. Meanwhile there is virtually an undeclared truce, despite sporadic fighting nearly always going on somewhere in the far-flung battle areas, The intervals between major Japa- nese offensives are becoming longer, and the Chinese show few signs of launching their long-heralded gen- eral counteroffensive. Foreljgn military observers and close students of the Oriental scene attribute the situation to these fac- tors: Depletion of Japan’s human and economic resources; China’s ina- bility to recapture any districts which the Japanese really want to hold; Japanese peace hopes centered on the prospective establishment of a Japanese-dominated “government of China” under Wang Ching-wel. Japanese military power is scat- tered in the “smii“ of t(lrhix‘u. Japanese generals call urgently for m;‘r‘e men‘ and materials, but the homeland can supply only limited quantities. Disease Sapping Morale. Untrained youths of 18 to 20 are the only fresh Japanese troops com- ing to China—as replacements, not reinforcements. Diseases common to China—such as malaria and dysentery—are reported to be sap- ping the morale of the veterans, some of whom have been fighting on foreign soil for two and a half elling years. ‘r;honue of gasoline and bombs has forced curtailment of Japanese aerial activity except in South China. China’s . Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek still is represented as firm in his belief that neither the time nor his armies are ripe for an all- front drive to retake Japanese-oc- cupled territory, although the Chi- nese are strong enough to force the Japanese to keep within fortified cities and close to the railroad zones, ‘The relative positions of the op- posing forces have changed little since October, 1938, except for ihe Japanese capture of Nanchang last March, the Soutk Shansi mopping- up drive of mid-July, and the Japa- nese push into Kwanksi, Southwest China military and transport key point, begun last November. Seek to Avoid Fighting. As for Japanese peace hopes, the invaders now are anxious to avoid unnecessary fighting so as to win over the Chinese masses to the side of Wang Ching-wei. Operations in the Shanghai area during February illustrate the Jap- anese problem. In that month they reported fighting 228 encounters, killing 6,000 Chinese and losing only 173 of their own men. This is at least the tenth time the Japanesc have “cleaned up the Shanghai area and restored peace and order.” The present situation, foreign military men say, is favorable to the Chinese, patiently playing a waiting game, concentrating on sabotaging Japanese efforts to make conquered areas pay for the con- quest, This ' i8 accomplished through blockades which prevent Chinese products from entering Japanese areas, cutting Japanese communica- tions and frequent attacks, on iso- lated garrisons. Lack of . explo- sives, however, has handicapped Chinese efforts, which have proved more annoying than decisive. Communications Intact. Despite the raids, the Japanese are keeping trains running and their communication lines fairly well intact. They are, however, Come in and see our handsome Jispiay and sudge for yoursel outstanding values! aNt,, Natural Gold Wed- S ienied diame $23. onds ARTHUR MARKEL 918 Suite 301-3 Retrenchment getting far less coal, fron and cot- ton than they had hoped. Despite Japanese control of all major Chinese ports and many highway outlets the Chinese satill are able to import gasoline, trucks, explosives and airplane parts; and to export wood oil, tin, tungsten, tea and other products through French Indo-China, British Burma and Russian Siberia. Meanwhile, a new Chinese air force is being assembled and trained in the far interior. Artillery, tanks and all materials needed for air- plane construction still must be imported, but numerous hinterland arsenals are turning out rifles, am-‘ munition and usable machine guns and grenades. Chiang Kai-shek, however, is using little of his war material, which is being accumulated in the far interior for what he calls “the final, decisive stage of the war.” Welles (Continued From First Page.) of liberty were among the things for which the allies are fighting and that they are the same principles which have motivated the financial and economic agreements between France and Great Britain since the start of the war and particularly that of December 4, which consti- tuted the first step in Europe to- ward an economic and monetary or- ganization founded on a regime of liberty.” Mr. Welles devoted the last of his official conferences in Paris to conversations with the heads of the Polish government-in-exile. He spent more than an hour with Gen. Wiadyslaw Sikorski, Polish Premier, and then had an additional talk with August Zaleski, finance minister. He files to London tomorrow. London to Welcome Sumner Welles Today LONDON, March 9 (#)—Aside from consideration of aid for Fin- land tomorrow will be Great Brit- ain’s busiest Sunday since Septem- ber 3, when war was declared. A representative of Prime Min- ister Neville Chamberlain, or per- haps even Mr. Chamberlain himself, will greet Sumner Welles, President Roosevelt's fact-finder, on his ar- rival from Paris in the afternoon. Mr. Welles will have conferences with Mr. Chamberlain, Foreign Sec- retary Lord Halifax, and the op- position leaders, Clement R. Attlee and Arthur Greenwood for labor, and Sir Archibald Sinclair for the Liberals. All Nations Approached With Economic Proposal By the Associated Press. ‘The United States is approaching every nation in the world with the same economic proposals for the post-war period that Undersecre- tary Sumner Welles presented to the Prench government tonight. State Department officials said the memorandum submitted by Mr. Welles to Finance Minister Paul Reynaud was the same in spirit and similar in language to com- munications already addressed to all neutral nations. Many have re- plied favorably to Secretary Hull's proposals to chart a “saner and better world” when peace comes. It was assumed here that a simi- lar memorandum was presented by Mr. Welles to German officials and will also be presented to the Brit- ish government. Aid Class to Be Formed A first-aid class, with Woodrow Nealey as instructor, will be organ- ized by the District Red Cross Chap- ter at the Wardman Park Hotel at 1 pm. tomorrow. The class will meet at the hotel on Monday, Wednesday and Thursday for two hours, beginning at 1 p.m. wear economy. They mainmin their distinctive appearance and shape . . . give your body perfect support . . . and they protect your feet for many times the life of av- erage shoes. 5 “"'QIAV -‘.. e B e Edmonston & Co.’s . - YYPL:PITTED SHOES - 523 11th St. N.W. & Loss of 16 Vessels 0f Six Countries Reporied in Week England Is Chief Loser With 6 Totaling 16,899 Tons + By the Associated Press. In the war at sea the past week brought reports of the destruction of 16 ships of six nations. England was the chief loser with 6 vessels of 16,499 tons, and 121 lives, One British vessel, the 12,842-ton tanker San Florentino, was lost and then saved during the week. On ‘Wednesday, a London report quot- ing an Amsterdam shipping paper said she had been torpedoed; a high British authority yesterday as- | leaders serted the ship was “perfectly safe.” Neutral Holland lost four ships and had more than a dozen at- tacked by planes. Germany lost 3 vessels of 15,416 tons via the now- familier scuttling method. Sweden, Italy and Prance each lost one ship. Totals for the war to date rose to at least 454 ships of 1,547,096 tons and 3726 lives. More than 1,375 other persons have been listad as missing. The week also brought the second British air attack on German ship- ping, planes bombing four Nazi ships near Borkum and the Island of Sylt. The results were unknown. Germany claimed her planes damaged or sunk 11 ships during air raids on the nights of March 6-7 and 7-8, but the allies did not acknowledge corresponding losses. Coal (Continued From Pirst Page.) confiscate none of the coal—must not be teken to mean that the blockade of Germany's coal ex- ports has been liffed. The text of the foreign office an- nouncement: “The British government had de- cided to release 13 ships detained in recent days together with their car- goes of coal. Italian ships which have not already started their re- turn journey with cargoes of coal will leave the ports in which they are at present in ballast (unladen) and no further Italian carge steam- ers will be sent subsequently to those ports to load coal.” Coal Supply Remains Question for Italy ROME, March 9.—The apparent settlement of Italy's sharp dispute with Great Britain over shipments of Gerrnan coal left still unanswered | tonight the important question of what Ttaly would do now to get coal supplies. reaction _on the British decision to reléase 13 Italian colliers but in- formed sources said the coal supply question was certain to be discussed by German Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop in confer- ences starting tomorrow with Pre- mier Mussolini and Italian Foreign Minister Count Galeazzo Ciano. It was sald there was the pos- sibility, of a suggestion that Ger- many divert her coal shipments by rail to Italy to solve the problem. It was said authoritatively tha further Italian action in the dispute was likely to be influenced largely by the nature of Britain's formal reply to Italy’s protest against the seizure of her coal ships. The reply was expected here tomorrow. STOCKHOLM. — SEEKING PEACE — Mme. Alexandra Kollontay, RussianMinister to Sweden, is playing an im- portant part in Soviet efforts to end the war in Finland. She is known to have had discussions with Eljas Erkko, Finnish Minister to Sweden. —A. P. Wirephoto. CERTIFICATE ANTHRACITE PEA GOAL | tiff would not fail to confront Von | Ribbentrop with reports of mistreat- | |ment and execution of Catholics in | There was no immediate official | |to the Pope, they said, might be {to discuss the Vatican’s war relief | Von Ribbentrop’s visit as “a normal | contact and exchange of views on 1940—PART ONE. B7 the Associated Progs. ‘The following ‘warfare losses the 27th week of the war, March 3 to March 9, inclusive: v I§I .I ccooes (Continued From First Page.) yesterday, remained in Berlin, but met no outstanding government # Conferences Uncertain. Authorized sources admitted in- terest in his presence, but whether officials would take a direct hand in the Finnish situation by conferring with him remained unclear. Svinbufvud planned to depart for Italy tSmorrow at a time when Von Ribbentrop is starting his exchange of views with Mussolini and Ciano. The German press reflected an impression that events were moving toward important decisions. The Hamburg Fremdenblatt, as an example, said: “In contemplation of the ever more obvious intentions of the west- ern powers to spread the war, it be- comes clear that March will be a critical inonth in war developments.” Non-Belligerent Policy Is Predicted for Italy ROME, March 9 (#).—Continua- tion of Italy’s non-belligerent pol- icy was predicted tonight by sources close to the government as diplo- matic circles weighed the signifi- cance of the visit beginning tomor- row of German Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop. The impression prevailed among diplomats that Adolf Hitler's aide would sound Premier Mussolini on Italy’s place within the Rome-Ber- lin alliance after six months of war and seek a joint front in view of re- ports that the allies might attempt to send troops to Finland's aid through Sweden. Vatican Visit Mystifying. ‘These observers believed that Ven Ribbentrop, scheduled to arrive at 10 a.m. tomorrow, would confer with Mussolini on all aspects of the in- ternational situation, including the Finnish-Russian peace maneuvers, but they were mystified by the an- nouncement that the Nazi envoy would have a private audience with Pope Pius XII Monday. Diplomats assumed that the pon- German-occupied Poland. The Polish Ambassador to the Holy See recently issued a pamphlet | charging that German authorities | had tried to “exterminate Catholic | Poles by mass executions. Germany | denied the charge. German sources indicated: that | Von Ribbentrop probably would at- tempt to smooth out relations be- tween Germany and the Vatican, which have been strained by these reports. One purpose of the visit work in former Poland. To Stay Till Monday Night. Although Von Ribbentrop was scheduled to remain here only until Monday night, informed quarters | said he might require longer to com- | plete his business. | Government sources described’ the treaty of alliance” between Rome and Berlin. Most observers doubted Ribbentrop would try to enlist I1 Duce’s aid in arranging peace between Finland and Russia. The Italian press, like that of Germany, continues to accuse the British and French of seeking a battleground in Northern Europe inasmuch as the apparent impreg- nability of the Maginot and Sieg- fried lines has imposed a stalemate on the western front. Authoritative Italians said Von Ribbentrop and Mussolini probably would discuss United States Under- secretary of State Sumner Welles’ fact-finding tour of European capi- tals, but there was nothing to con- firm rumors that Mr. Welles might be asked to help in efforts to me- diate the Russian-Finnish war. 1937 PLYMOUTH COUPE Immaculate, $295 rroon. PONTIAG co. Oldest Pontise Dealer in D. C. 4221 Conn, Ave. Weed. 8400 ses reported during e 1 2 82 0 0 1 a1 145 ‘Tonnage. 16,890 3,117 15416 2818 5,335 286 44,531 1,502,565 1,547,006 0 [] [ 0 [~] 1312 1375 Aviatrix Lands In Banker’s Garden By the Associated Press. BOWLING GREEN, Ky., March 9. —Herbert Moltenberry, local banker, puzzled today over the identity of an attractive young aviatrix who spent the night in his garden. Mr. Moltenberry said the young woman made & forced landing be- cause of motor trouble late yes- terday and after repairing the plane early this morning took off with- out revealing her identity other than to say she was from Des Moines, Iowa. ‘The banker said the plane had the numbers NC23374 for the wings. Dr. Pike to Lecture On Federal Procedure Dr. James Albert Pike of the George Washington University Law . School faculty will give the first of 8 series of three lectures on the new Federal rules of procedure to- morrow at 8:15 pm. in Stockton Hall at the university. 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