Evening Star Newspaper, February 28, 1940, Page 3

0"Mahoney Urges Senale Rafification - 0f Trade Pacts Contends Law ‘Offends’ Five Provisions of Constitution BACKGROUND— Bill to extend trade agreements program after present expiration date June 12 passed by House last week. Opposition to low- tariff aspects of pacts grew last summer in agricultural West. Opponents also seek Senate rati- fication of agreements mot now required. President Roosevelt has emphasized need for pro- gram as part of foundation for any world peace. @y the Associated Press. Senator O'Mahoney, Democrat, of Wyoming declared today that the administration’s present system of hegotiating trade agreements ‘“of- tended” five provisions of the Con- stitution. He proposed that each agreement hereafter be subject to Benate ratification. Appearing before the Senate Finance Committee, Senator O'Ma- honey argued that House-approved legislation to continue the system for three years was likewjse uncon- stitutional since 1¢ would not require either approval by both branches of Congress, as does a law, nor ratifica- tion by the Senate alone, as does a treaty. The legislation should be changed, he said, to restore to Congress pow- ers which he claimed properly be- longed there. “I believe that to save tdemocracy,” he said, “we have got to have the courage to be demo- cratic.” Five Provisions “Offended.” Senator O'Mahoney said these were the five “offended” provisions of the Constitution: 1. That treaties be ratified by a two-thirds vote of the Senate. (Ad- ministration officials claim the trade pacts are not treaties. Senator O’Mahoney claims they are, and Benator Vandenberg, Rebpublican, of Michigan, cited as an example to the committee that a reciprocal egreement with Colombia replaced & previous commercial treaty with that country.) 2. That all legislative power be vested in Congress. 3. That all tax measures originate n the House. z | 4. That customs duties enacted by Congress not be modified by ex- | ecutive action. | 5. That States have equality of rights in the Senate. | Senator O’'Mahoney asserted thati in some way the agreements, in- volving tariff reductions, import | quotas and the like and being free | of congressional review were con- | trary to all those provisions. Hull Stand Recalled. Senator Vandenberg recalled a speech by Secretary of State Hull, when the latter was a member of the House, describing the Repub- lican-sponsored “elastic” tariff as “contrary to the plainest and most fundamental provisions of the Con- stitution.” Chairman Harrison noted, how- ever, that Mr. Hull had said that he had changed his mind after the Su- preme Court upheld the elastic tar- iff law. Meanwhile, Senator Bridges, Re- publican, of New Hampshire today sought to rally Republican opposi- tion to the Hull trade program, pre- dicting that the G. O. P. could carry the West in the November election if it fought renewal of the act. Senator Bridgeés, a candidate for the Republican presidential nomi- nation, said a 9500-mile trip through 10 Western States had con- vinced him that the effect of ‘the trade program on agriculture would be the chief political issue there. Reprisal Powers Available. ‘The Finance Committee heard yesterday from Secretary of Agri- culture Wallace and Assistant Sec- retary of State Henry F. Grady that the administration has ample| powers to invoke economic reprisals | against discriminatory trade ar- rangements adopted by nations at war. However, they did not agree with some Senators that sufficient dis- crimination existed at present to warrant reprisals, particularly in view of the danger of such action forcing continued bitterness in trade relations after the war. Secretary Wallace frowned on a proposed “market basket” plan of forcing nations at war to buy farm products here along with their pur- chases of munitions. He told the committee that an effort to compel Great Britain to buy tobacco here, for instance, un- doubtedly would result “in very deep resentment against us and deep dis- trust of us.” He added that “feel- ings of that sort usually reflect themselves in an economic way.” Both Secretary Wallace and Mr. Grady urged continuance of the trade agreements program to main- tain this country’s foreign commerce during and after the war and as a foundation for liberal world-trade policies considered essential to any future peace. Garner Enters Fight For New York Delegates By the Associated Press. NEW YGRK, Feb. 28.—Vice Presi- dent Garner is an entry in the fight for New .York State delegates to the Democratic National Convention. His supporters filed by last mid- night's deadline slates of Garner delegates and alternates in eight congressional districts in the city and in unspecified districts up- State. Names on the Garner forces’ peti- tion were those of little known per- sons in political circles. It was indicated names of greater political significance would be substituted early next week. Delegates, alternates and State committee members will be chosen in the April primary. Widow of Col. Fleming Dies at Walter Reed Mrs. Florence Heldt Fleming, widow of Col. Lawrence J. Fleming, U. 8. A, died last night in Walter Reed Hospital after a long illness. A native of Great Falls, Mont., Mrs. Fleming had made her home at 2127 California street N.W. since the death of her husband in 1923. There are no immediate relatives. She will be buried in Arlington Na- tional Cemetery, after funeral serv- foes in Fort Myer Chapel Friday at 3 pm. +THE EVENING .STAR, -WASHINGTON, - D. C., WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 28, 1940. NAPA, CALIF.—FLOOD COVERS BRIDGE—This suspension bridge across the Napa River, about a mile from here, was under AUTOS GET THOROI{GH WASHING—The height of the flood in Napa streets fnay be judged by the immersion of these automobiles, abandoned by their owners when torrents of rain Elections (Continued From First Page.) nor the loss of one House seat to the Republicans in Ohio mean an overturn of Democratic control of the Federal Government. The fall elections, they insisted, would tell a different story. What effect, if any, the Repub- lican victories will have on the “third term” boom remains to be seen. New Dealers were inclined to say that the renomination of Presi- dent Roosevelt was needed to check the progress of the Republicans; that the President was the strongest candidate who could be put forward by the Democrats. Anti-New Deal Democrats, on the other hand, tool the position that the voters in Ohf were expressing their dislike of some of the New Deal policies and a Roosevelt renomination would be | fatal to the party. Third-Term Fight. The action of the New York State | Senate, which adopted a resolution | opposing a third term nomination | for the President, stirred anew a de- mand for similar action by the| United States Senate. The anti- third term resolution adopted in the ! New York Senate was offered by a Democrat—the only Democrat in the body who supported it. But it was his vote that made its adoption possible. Senator Holt of West Virginia, Democratic opponent of the Roose- velt administration, has held in abeyance for months a resolution he intends to offer, opposing a third term election for any President of the United States. He said today he fully intended to press for action on his resolution, although he speci- fled no time for bringing it up. Some of his colleagues, opposed to a third term, have demurred on the ground that should the resolution be defeated, it might give the third term a boost. “Whether that be the case or not,” said Senator Holt, “I intend to put the Senate on record on this matter. “The Senate adopted an anti-third term resolution in 1928, offered by Senator La Follette of Wisconsin, when the late President Coolidge was being urged to run for a third- term nomination. I have reason to believe that many of the Democratic Senators who favored that resolu- tion will support another anti-third term resolution now.” Bridges Ready. Senator Bridges of New Hamp- shire, who has just completed. an-[ other swing across the country as a candidate for the Republican presidential nomination, is ready to offer an anti-third term resolution, he said, if such a resolution is not pressed by Senator Holt or some other Democrat. The contest between the *third- term boosters and Vice President Garner continued with undimin- ished fire. Supporters of Mr. Garner have filed petitions for Garner- dejegate candidates in seven New York congressional districts, carry- ing the fight into the President’s own State. In Illinois, where the third-termers and Mr. Garner are to come to grips on April 9, Mayor Kelly of Chicago, in a speech last night insisting on renomination of the President, said the President had told him he was tired and felt like retiring. Mayor Kelly’s reply was: “You must finish the great work you have sterted.” Frank McHale, campaign man- ager for Federal Security Admin- istrator McNutt, in an interview in Indianapolis, according to Associated Press dispatches, sald Mr. McNutt's friends were working with President Roosevelt's supporters in filing dele- gate slates for the Democratic Na- tional Convention. He predicted that if the President did not rum, Mr. McNutt would be the party’s choice for President. Gerald P. Lyons Quits Farm Credit Post Gerald P. Lyons, deputy governor of the Farm Credit Administration, will leave the agency Friday to prac- tice law in Towa, it was announced today. This is the fourth resigna- tion from the F. C. A. in recent months, Roy Green, another deputy gov- ernor, has accepted the presidency of the Colorado State. College. £ CLEVELAND.—OHIO’S FIRST WOMAN REPRESENTATIVE —Mrs. Frances P. Bolton wore a wide “victory smile” last night as she received reports on the 22d Ohio district special congressional election. A Re- publican and one of the Na- tion’s wealthiest women, she was elected by a 3-to-2 margin over Democrat Anthony A. Fleger. J. HARRY McGREGOR —Republican winner over Byron B. Ashbrook, Democrat, in the 17th Ohio district. Wage-Hour Act Pay Scale Challenged in Textile Suit By the Associated Press. NEW ORLEANS, Feb. 28.—A suit attacking minimum wages under the Wage-Hour Law, and affecting ap- proximately 175,000 workers in,the textile industry, was called for ar- gument here today before the United States Fifth Circuit Court of Ap- peals. The suit was brought by the Opp Cotton Miils, Inc,, of Opp, Ala., and the R. D. Sanders mills of Mississippi and joined in by 17 other peti— tioners. It challenges constitutionality of the Wage-Hour Law and a 321- cents-an-hour wage set by the In- dustries Committee. It is the first Jjudicial review of the wage scale fixed by the committee for the tex- tile trade. PIANOS for REN New full keyboard spin- o1 Gnd small uprights, only $3 monthly. Grand pianos, $9 monthly. AN National 4730 KITT’S 1330 @ Street decide to buy later. water as flood waters, caused by several days of Heavy rainfall, swept the stream from its banks, swelled the Napa River. Volunteer crews and members of the National Guard saved nearly 500 persons from their homes. Floods (Continued From PFirst Page.) after 4 feet of debris crashed into ner home. The third stream ran down Fair- | mont drive. J. H. Millar carried his | wife to safety as water raced through | his front door. Torrential Rains. ‘Torrential rains of unseasonable | warmth poured down on the moun- tain snow, flushing it into the al- ready deluged valleys. Normally ! dry creek beds became torrents. ! | Rivers burst their banks under the ' pressure. At Sacramento, key point in the vast river network, the 1,800-foot weir was opened, diverting millions of gallons of water through the Yolo bypass, and flooding 80,000 acres of garden crops. E. H. Fletcher, Federal meteorol- ogist at Sacramento, warned that 8 flood of““serious proportion” was upon the Sacramento and tributary Feather Rivers. That conditions closely approximated the serious flood of December, 1937, At Dunsmuir, on the upper stretches of the Sacramento,” fam- ilies moved from their homes. At Gerber, midway between Sacra- mento and the Oregon line, 500 persons became alarmed when a river levee weakened. Crews from Red Bluff and Corning removed refugees. Tehama, near Gerber, was iso- lated. The business and residential district of the town of 400 was awash. Rivers and creeks in the rich Sacramento Valley ran at flood stage, but prospects of fair weather brought hope of averting serious consequences. State Legislature officials consid- ered calling a special session “for the purpose of taking such action as may be necessary under the un- usual conditions caused by devastat- ing floods.” National Guardsmen were ordered by Gov. Olson yesterday to help evacuate 70 families from homes in Yolo County, where the Sacramento River was over its banks. Elsewhere, Guardsmen turned over equipment for use by local authorities. Agricultural Damage Heavy. State Department of Agriculture officials said California’s rich agri- cultural industry suffered extensive damage, the amount of which could not be estimated now. The cities of Redding, in Northern California; Napa in the North San Francisco Bay region, and Santa Cruz, on the central coast, saw flood waters covering extensive areas. Apparently the only death blamed on the flood was reported at Red- ding, where Irene Clemens was miss- ing after an auto in which sre was riding overturned into a swollen creek 5 miles north of town. Otis McDonald, the driver, was rescued after being under water eight min- utes. Despite the downpour, which totaled almost 9 inches during a 24- hour period in some places, no one else was reported missing, although rescue workers removed scores from their homes by boats. A torrential rain during the early morning, falling at the rate of 2 inches an hour, caused closing of schools at Martinez. In three main streets through the town water was rushing 3 feet deep. Most of the stores were awash with —A. P. Wirephotos. 6 inches to a foot of yellow water, and floors were littered with debris. Sacramento Valley Suffers. At Redding, 1n the northern part of the Sacramento Valley, 300 homes were inundated in a low section. Heavy damage was done in resi- dential sections of Napa, 35 miles north of San Francisco, 500 persons were rescued from flooded homes and last night water stood 1 to 3 feet deep in the business district, where many stores were protected by a barricade of sandbags. National Guard equipment was turned over to the Red Cross, which set up a soup kitchen in a furniture store. $500,000 Damage. Many houses in the lower section of Santa Cruz were surrounded by overflow from the San Lorenzo River and unofficial estimates of damage in Santa Cruz County ranged as high as $500,000. At Winters, 15 miles southwest of ‘Woodland, 300 persons in a Federal migrant camp were isolated and marooned after 2 feet ‘of water swept through their temporary shelters. In another migratory camp near Marysville 450 persons were removed to higher ground. The 500 persons in Pescadero, 50 miles south of San Francisco, found half their town under water. Highways in the flood area were ’implssnhle in many instances be- cause of water racing over the road- way, or because normally dry creek beds, suddenly swollen beyond limit of the banks, had slashed great gorges in the pavement or carried away bridges and culverts. Three Rail Lines Blocked. Three Southern Pacific lines were blocked, temporarily cutting rail service between California and the Pacific Northwest, and crippling service to Santa Cruz, Calif. Nine trains were held up by a slide at Pollock. Four south-bound trains were at Dunsmuir and five north- bound at Gerber. In Osakland, across the bay from San Francisco, & hundred or more persons were flooded out of homes, but damage in that region was not great. Mrs. Gerald P. Nye Files Divorce Suit Mrs. Gerald P. Nye filed suit for divorce from the Republican Sen- ator of North Dakota yesterday in Fargo, N. Dak., but the petition was withdrawn immediately from public record and the basis of the suit was not revealed The Associated Press reported the hearing date could not be learned. Mrs. Nye announced her contem- plated action Monday and that night Senator Nye said in Mead- ville, Pa., it was “no surprise” to him. “We have been separated for some ‘time,” he added. Senator Nye has been making his home with his secretary, Gerald Novius, since last fall, while Mrs. Nye occupied their Chevy Chase home. Married in 1916, the Nyes have three children. CLASSES STARTING MARCH 18T SPANISH FRENCH-GERMAN The Berlitz Method {s available ONLY at| THE BERLITZ SCHOOL of LANGUAGES 1115 Conn. Ave. st L NAtional 02; “Third Term” Talk finds oylnlon sharply divided. But there’s one “public servant” in Washington who is returned to offi ce year after year by popular acclaim. It's Marlow’s Famous Reading Anthracite the low ash anthracite. Once you learn the ECONOMY and satisfaction of burning this genuine laundered hard coal, you just naturally get the habit. A mighty sensible habit it is, too. Marlow Coal Co. 811 E Street N.W. National 0311 In Business 82 Years Our Coal and Service Must Be Good 170,00010 Vote Soon InThree Industries” N.L.R.B. Elections Automobile, Rubber And Power Workers Will Choose Unions By the Associated Press. Balloting in collective bargaining elections will reach & new high vol- ume in the next two months, in- volving about 170,000 workers in three major industries—automobiles, rubber and power. ‘The Labor Board reported today that 1,026,813 valid votes had been cast in 2,631 elections since passage of the Wagner Act setting up ma- chinery to give labor representation of its choosing. In a forthcoming General Motors election, 125,000 workers in 59 plants in 11 States are expected to be eligible to participate. It will be the biggest industrial election ever held. Awpecial N. L. R. B. office in De- troit is projected to handle it. Orders for elections in General Motors, Consolidated Edison and Consumers Power Co. have yet to be issued by the board, but the way has been cleared for them. Largest Utility Election. The Consolidated Edison vote, with an estimated 40,000 workers in seven plants serving New York City participating, will be the largest ever held in a public utility firm. Unless some cause to the contrary is shown, the board will issue an order within a few days for an elec- tion among the 2,500 employes of the Statewide Consumers power system in Michigan. Elections already have been or- dered among 2,500 workers of the United States Rubber Co. at Pas- saic, N. J., and Providence, R. I, and among 2,000 to 3,000 employes in the Hood Rubber Co. at Watertown, ass. For the first time in the General Motors election, the board said, a single vote will be taken on the question of having one union rep- resent virtually all the rank and file of workers of a big interstate corpo- ration. The major choice of the voters will be between the rival A. F. L. and C. I O. units of the United Automobile Workers or between them and no union at all. It is expected they also will be allowed to vote on some A. F. L. craft unions. Unions Rally for Election. Both A. F. L. and C. I. O. are rallying for the election. The C. I. O. avowedly hopes to extend the one-big-union idea to the other two Chrysler and Ford, and eventually Chrysler and Ford, an deventually to obtain bargaining rights for the entire automobile industry such as it has for coal mining. In Consolidated Edison, which now has an A. F. L. contract, the vote probably will be among the International Brotherhood of Elec- trical Workers (A. F. L.), the Amal- gamated Utility Workers (C. I. 0., an independent union, and no union, The voting will climax an extended dispute which went to the Supreme Court. A Supreme Court decision aiso is responsible for the Consumers Power election. The A. F. L. and C. I. O. are expected to be rivals there, 5 The United States Rubber and Hood elections signalize a drive to organize the rubber industry in the East. Major Akron plants have contracts with the United Rub- ber Workers (C. I. 0.), which is ex- pected to be opposed in Passaic, Providence and Watertown by Rub- b:r FWorkers Federal Labor Union (A.F. L). lllinois County Official May Bar Roosevelt's Name By the Associated Press. WAUKEGAN, I, Feb. 28.—State’s Attorney Charles E. Mason of Lake County intends to bar President Roosevelt's name from the preferen- tial primary ballot in that county in the April 9 State-wide election. ‘The Republican prosecutor, who is seeking renomination, asserted last night that Illinois law requires candidates to file certificates of candidacy if they wish to enter the State primary. President Roosevelt’s name was entered without a certificate by the State Democratic _organization, headed by Mayor Kelly of Chicago ;nd National Committeeman P. A. ash. + LAWYERS’ BRIEFS 8 COMMERCIAL PRINTIRG g’ ADVERTIS! SERVICE - BYRON S. ADAMS SRS 512 111 81. 1so. | questionably by its destruction— Body-of Man Found At Store Jdentified BY & Staf¥ Corresronder:t of The Star, UPPRR® nflm. Md, PFeb. 28—The'body of & man found on & store porch near Wells Corner Sat- :‘rd.n‘,y was ldmfiri'lnd today as that ames Robert McChesney, 68, farmer, of Chillum, Md. Corpl. John P. Dent of the Prince Georges County police said identifi- cation was made by a brother, Dr. John R. McChesney, a dentist in ‘Washington. An autopey revealed Mr, McChes- ney died of a heart attack, Dr. James . Boyd, medical examiner, said. Doubling of Defenses At Canal Is Urged By Roosevelt More Planes and Guns Vital for Long-Range < Operations, He Says By the Associated Press. ABOARD U. 8. 8. LANG AT SEA, Feb. 28.—President Roosevelt headed for home today aboard the crusier ‘Tuscaloosa after telling newsmen the g‘lle:amu Canal defense must be dou- He said that doubling the present number of planes and guns defend- ing the canal is necessary for long- range defense of the vital link be- tween the Atlantic and Pacific. The President’s press conference aboard the cruiser followed his thor- ough inspection of canal defenses. He said such a long-range program contemplates defense operations ex- tending, if necessary, throughout Central America and as far south as Ecuador, Columbia and Venezuela. Turning to other current topics, he said he had nothing to add to usual State Department messages when asked to comment on Under- secretary of State Sumner Welles’ European visit. Mr. Welles, he said, delivered some personal and unof- ficial notes for him. The third-term subject popped up when a reporter asked whether he had any statement about March 4, the seventh anniversary of his first inauguration. The President smiled and replied in the negative. He is scheduled to be back in Washington on that date for a dinner tendered him by his cabinet, but he said nothing would be disclosed prior to Thursday about the cruise to the United States. Program Half Finished. Mr. Roosevelt said more guns and | planes are needed at the Panama Canal to permit better opportunity to discover any attacking force— from the air, or by sea—at & much | longer distance from the canal than ever had been provided heretofore. He said the first thing to do is to finish the present program for anti- aircraft guns and planes. About half the total of each recommended by the Army-Navy Joint Board, or actually authorized, has been de- livered so far, he added. The Pregident and Panama’s| President, Dr. Augusto Boyd, dis- cussed canal defenses at a confer- ence aboard the Tuscaloosa. “I think we are all in the same boat.” said President Boyd. “Latin America must co-operate with the United States in the defense of the canal, because we all would lose un- Panama first of all. We are, in there 100 per cent as far as co-operation 1s concerned, of course.” The choice of those who want true organ tone in an electronic instrument! 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Taft, a candidate for the Republican presidential nomination, drew upon 15th-century European history for a comparison arranged by the Baltimore Graphic Arts Association, Senator Taft last night asserted “planned economy, collective production, restricted oute put and price-fixing” compare with “instruments which kept Europe poor” in the middle ages.” He charte¢ world events from the 15th century, when Johann Gutenberg fashioned the forerunner of the modern printing press, to the American depression of 1929, In its attempts to shake off the depression,” Senator Taft said, the Nation reacted slowly. With “confidence at a low ebb, the ideology of new depotisms in Eu- rope spread to this country and were embraced, consciously or une consciously, by many people. * ¢ * “Some of these rose to influence in Government. I don’t think they realized how closely the ideas they promulgated resembled the ideology which characterized society in Gute enberg's time. They thought their face was to the future when, in fact, it was turned back to the middle ages.” Then, he said, “We abandoned the time-honored methods with which we emerged from past depressions, and embarked tentatively on the road to a static economy. That road is only, however, I am con- fident, a detour. * * * Surely we have the sense to get back on the concrete road beyond the break and not wander out on some wagon-track into the forest.” Of the American press, Senator Taft said “With all its imputed shortcomings (it) is the fairest and freest in the world.” A lITALY on Ao suren Lvees FROM NEW YORK %o Naples and Genom SAVOIA..MAR.2 @lse March 30, Aprll 27 wioe Aprit 13, Moy 11 1o Asores, Lishon, Palerme, Neples: Patras, Trieste: PREPAID PASSAGES FROM EUROPE %o North America, Centrol America, South America ond other word ports may be ar- ranged in U.S. Frequent sal- Ings from ialy. Ask for detals. 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