Evening Star Newspaper, November 12, 1937, Page 4

RUSSIA RECALLS TRIO OF ENVOYS Ambassadors to Germany, Turkey, Poland Reported Ordered to Moscow. By the Associated Press MOSCOW, Nov. 12—Soviet Rus- sia’s Ambassadors to Germany, Turkey and Poland were reported by diplo- matie sources today to have been re- called and there were unconfirmed rumors that two of them had been arrested. ‘The same sources also said that Ru- dolf Bommer, German Consul General at Leningrad, had been recalled by the Berlin government at Moscow'’s request. The ‘rumors that Ambassador Dr. Constantine Youreneff, the Envoy to Berlin, and Mikhail Karski, Ambas- sador to Turkey, had been arrested linked their names with the govern- ment's purge of suspected enemies within Soviet ranks. The Ambassa- dor to Poland is Yakov Davtian. In connection with Consul General Sommer's reported return to Berlin it was recalled that more than 400 Ger- mans had been arrested in Russia in recent months in a drive against sus- pected spies. These included two de- clared by Soviet authorities to be agents of Gestapo, the German secret police, who were taken into custody last month. . The purge, meanwhile, seemed to be continuing unabated. Fourteen more executions were reported by the provincial press, including 10 persons in Kazahstan who were accused of nationalist tendencies and four charged with spoiling grain in the Viadivostok region. Berlin Holds Silence. BERLIN, Nov. 12 (#).—Both the Boviet embassy and the German for- eign office said today they could neither affirm nor deny Moscow rumors that Dr. Constantine Your- eneff, Russian Ambassador to Berlin, had been arrested in Russia. Correspondents of Russian news- papers insisted, however, Dr. Youreneff would return to his Berlin post early in December. (Aside from the rumors of the arrest, diplomatic sources in Moscow said the envoy had been re- called.) Dr. Youreneff left Berlin about six ‘weeks ago. He had taken the Berlin post July 21, when Reichsfuehrer Hit- ler took the unusual step of receiving him at Berchtesgaden, Hitler's Bav- arian mountain retreat, where the envoy presented his crelentials. Hitler was on a vacation at the time. Ambassadors, under such cir- cumstances, usually must wait until the Fuehrer returns to Berlin. Concerning a Moscow report that Rudolf Sommer, German consul gen- eral at Leningrad, had been recalled at the request of the Soviet govern- ment, the foreign office merely stated: “Sommer is now on leave in Berlin. It is not certain whether he will re- turn to his post.” Polish Envey Recalled. WARSAW, Nov. 12 (#).—The Soviet Embassy disclosed today that Yonov Davtian had been recalled as Am- bassador to Poland, a post he had held since April, 1934. The embassy sald Davtian would not return. Also recalled were a press attache, @. Alexandroff, and a former counselor of the embassy named Podolski, who also had been Minister to Lithuania. “TRISTAN UND ISOLDE” TO OPEN MET SEASON| By the Associated Press. NEW YORK, Nov. 12.—For the sec- | ond year in succession the Metro- politan Opera is opening its season | with Wagner. The work this time will be “Tristan und Isolde,” with Kirsten Flagstad and Lauritz Melchior in the chief roles and Artur Bodanzky again conducting. The Season opens November 29. “Tristan,” now perhaps the most popular opera in the repertoire, has not opened a Metropolitan season in 36 years. The last time was in 1901, when Maurice Grau was in charge. “Die Walkure” was the opening ehoice last winter. THE EVENING :STAR, WASHINGTON Pope Pius XI, seated on his throne and flanked by princes of the church, photographed as he presided over the inauguration ceremonies of the Roman Atheneum, built out of his private purse at a cost of about $500,000, in. the Church of St. John Lateran. throughout the ceremony was good for a man of his years and uncertain health. Brazilian Dictatorship Seen Fascist Invasion . of West Vargas Regime Is Hailed by Italy and Germany and May Be Breach in Dikes in This Hemisphere. By DEWITT MacKENZIE, Associated Press Foreign Affairs Writer, NEW YORK, Nov. 12.—Give the reinforced Brazilian dictatorship of straight-lipped Getulio Vargas any name you wish and it still will be of Fascist breed to democratic minds. The Vargas government has denied that it is Fascist. Some South Amer- ican observers also inclined to the belief that the new set-up is just an- other of those personal rules—plus some Fascist trimmings—with which the continent has been familiar for generations. Still, the newspapers of Rome, which claim to know their own brand | of medicine, are filled with jubila- tion. They figure this may be the beginning of a big parade past Mus- solini’s windows in the Palazzo Venezia. The Berlin press has joined in the rejoicings. The United States, too, at first blush sees Fascism in the move. the way it looks:to a lot of people: The defection of republican Brazil— if it sticks—may be the heaviest blow world democracy has sustained since Italy and Germany blindly followed Dictators Mussolini and Hitler out into the uncharted wilderness of Fascism. Brazil is the first major nation to | adopt the totalitarian regime of the |, triumvirate—Germany, Italy and Ja- pan—although past history provides numerous instances of absolute dic- tatorships. Brazil Is Vast and Rich. There have been numerous small imitators of Fascism. But Brazil is rich and vast. She is greater in area | even than Continental United States, barring Alaska. What brings this startling turnover even nearer home is the fact that it represents the initial appearance of Fascism in a big way in the Western Hemisphere. The Italo-Germanic-Japanese bloc would seem to have driven a sizable entering wedge at last on this side of the Atlantic. Other small countries over here have shown decided lean- Brussels (Continued From Fxrsh_?ig:) denied reports that a joint naval demonstration in the Far East was under consideration. The suggestion of Dr. Koo was for | restraint by ‘“peace-loving nations,” but without recourse to force. The delegation’s spokesmen declined to embellish the proposal but, borrow= ing a term from President Roosevelt's Chicago address against aggressor na- tions, he said in some respects execu- tion of the plan would resemble a “quarantine.” (A dispatch from Berlin said the idea of German mediation of the conflict was given new impetus by movements of Japanese and Chi- nese officers. (Col. Takahashi, described as a member of the Japanese general staff now traveling in Europe, de- parted for “Southern Germany’— & term which sometimes means Munich or Berchtesgaden, Reichs- chancellor Hitler's Bavarian ~re- treat. (The Japanese officer was ex- pected to visit Hitler at one of those places. A Chinese general, Pa Li- tsiang, returned from Brussels and was said to bear a letter from Gen- eralissimo Chiang Kai-shek assur- mg Hitler that the Chinese govern-' ment did not intend to ally itself with Soviet Russia.) CLAIM DEFENSIVE ACTION. Japanese Hold Action in China Lies Outside Treaty Scope. ‘TOKIO, Nov. 12 (#).—Japan formal- ly refused today a second invitation to participate in the Brussels Conference on the Far Eastern war. The imperial government's note de- clared, however, that Japan “would be glad if the powers should contribute to the stabilization of Eastern Asia in & manner consonant with the realities of the situation.” In a note handed to Belgian Am- bassador Baron Albert De Bassom- pierre, the Japanese government re- peated the argument that Japanese military operations in China were in self defense and asserted that the con- flict “lies outside” the scope of the Nine-Power Treaty. Japan is & signatory of the Nine- Power Pact which guarantees the ter- ritorial integrity of China and under which the Brussels Conference was called. “While the imperial government note ) ’ 3 that the opinion of participating powers is the result of careful consid- eration,” the note said, “the imperial government regret that this opinion is insufficient to persuade them to modify the views and policy clearly expressed in their answer (to the first ingitation) dated October 27. Outside Treaty Scope. “The participating powers state they would be prepared to designate repre- sentatives of a small number of pow- ers for an exchange of views with representatives of Japan within the scope of the nine-power treaty and in conformity with its provisions. How- ever, the imperial government adhere firmly to the view that their present action, being one of self-defense forced upon Japan by China’s challenge, lies outside the scope of the treaty and that there is no room for discussion of the question of its application. “It certainly is impossible for them (the government) to accept an invi- tation to a conference convened in accordance with stipulations of that treaty after Japan has been accused of violating its terms. “Since the present affair originated rom special conditions in East Asia, the most just and equitable solution can be reached through direct negotia- tions between the two parties directly and immediately interested. ‘Would Hinder Solution, “The imperial government is firmly convinced that any attempt at nego- tiation within the framework of & col- lective organ such as the present con- ference would only arouse popular feeling in both countries and hinder a satisfactory solution. The imperial government would be glad if the pow- ers, appreciating this view, should con- tribute toward stabilization in Eastern Asia in a manner consonant with the realities of the situation. “The participating powers state all powers having interests in the Far East are affected by the present hos- tilities and that the whole world views with apprehension the repercussions of these hostilities on the peace and se- curity of members of the family of na- tions. “The imperial government desires to point out that, as has been made clear by Japan’s successive declarations, they are doing everything in their power to respect the rights and inter- ests of foreign powers in China and that they have the deepest concern for & firm establishment of peace in East- ern Asia through satisfactory conclu- sion of the present affair.” } | by Here is | ings towards Fascism, and might fol- low Brazil. No wonder Washington is reported worried. The Monroe Doctrine is pushed back out of sight on a high shelf, but it is still there. Nobody has thrown it into the ash can yet. Both Mussolini and Hitler have been reaching vigorously for support in other countries, with considerable success. They are even participating in the Spanish civil war in order to | bring Spain into their fold. May Be Breach in Dike. The Brazilian breach in the dike in this hemisphere might let the Fascist policies in. Where Fascism | comes in democracy goes out. | Already both Germany and Italy | have pressed Vargas to join in the anti-Communist pact recently signed | them with Japan. That shows | what sort of government they think | he has. The chief solace that supporters | of democracy have at the moment lies in the fact that Vargas undoubt- edly will have difficulty in maintain- ing his dictatorship, although he al- ready has held a pretty tight rein for | some six years. The 26 states comprising Brazil are | the The Pope’s appearance —Wide World Photo. autonomous and they are jealous of their independence of the federal gov- ernment. Vargas himself was Gov- ernor of the big State of Rio Grande do Sul when he headed a revolution that overthrew President de Souza. It may happen that opposition will compel him to modify his program. Communism Is Excuse. As in every case where Fascism has come into power, Communism has been given as the reason for the inaugura- tion of military rule and the dictator- ship in Brazil. Vargas even banned Mark Twain's “Tom Sawyer” from libraries and schools, on the grounds that it was Red. Significant is the complexion of Brazil's population in view of the pres- ent development. There are about 40,000,000 in the country. Of these 35 per cent are Italians, or of Italian ex- traction. Close to half a million are of German origin and about the same number are Japanese. The United States happens to hold | the dominating place in Brazilian | trade. Possible loss of much of that | to Germany, Italy and Japan likely is| least of Washington's worries. | The preservation of democracy in this hemisphere, and the prevention of ! European or Asiatic interference, are | of more moment. Study New Cotton Uses. MEMPHIS, Tenn., Nov. 12 (#).— Mellon Institute scientists are now centering their investigation on the | possible use of the natural wax in| cotton fiber and increasing the uses of the subnormal staple. | Dr. W. L. Bass, assistant director | of the Mellon Institute of Industrial Research, in charge of the cotton work, | today by the government newspaper | revealed yesterday the direction the | foundation’s study is taking. D. C, FRIDAY, NO DEMOGRAGY CLAIM MADE BY VARGAS Declares Brazil’s New Gov- ernment Is Neither Fas- cistic or Communistic. By the Associated Press. RIO DE JANEIRO, Nov. 12.—For- eign diplomats watched the unfolding of Brazil's new authoritarian program today with the assurance of Getulio Vargas' foreign minister that it was “neither fascistic nor communistic” but had “democracy as the basis.” President Vargas, who assumed wide dictatorial power by replacing Brazil's often suspended “liberal” constitution with an authoritarian document in a bloodless coup on Wednesday, was seeking to fill out his cabinet, which moved over into the new regime al- most intact. Minister of Agriculture Odilon Braga, however, had resigned and his portfolio was offered to Fernando Costa, president of the national coffee department. Situation Is Calm. ‘The situation in the capital was calm—as though no change had taken place—and this tranquillity seemed to extend through the nation. Foreign Minister Mario de Pimentel Brandao, elaborating upon previous government assurances that the dic- tatorial powers were necessitated by Brazillan unrest, told Rio de Janeiro's diplomatic corps yesterday that Var- gas’ action was dictated by demands from all parts of Brazil “for a solution to the manifest crisis.” “Having promulgated the new con- stitution in such a way as not to in- Jure democracy or the representative system, the administration has democ- racy as the basis for the new pro- gram,” the foreign minister said. Twe-House Legislature. (The new constitution provided for & two-house legislature, but reserves to the President broad power to initiate and guide legis- lation. It was placed in effect immediately, to be passed upon in & plebiscite to be held at the dis- cretion of the Chief Executive.) It was reliably learned that Italian and German envoys to Brazil made overtures to gain Brazilian ad- herence to the Itallan-German- Japanese anti-Communism pact, but had been turned down. (A Berlin dispatch said Nazi circles held high hope Brazil would join the anti-Comintern front. (There are 800,000 Germans in Brazil, not including Brazilians of German origin. Their support of the new regime was regarded as likely to react favorably on Brazilian-German commercial rela- tions, (In Tokio, the foreign office said it had no official information on the Brazillan coup. A spokesman explained that the anti-Com- munism pact was open to all nations with ideological positions similar to those of Italy, Germany and Japan, but “I am unable to say at present whether Brazl will be in- vited to join.") Described as Fascist. MOSCOW, Nov. 12 (#)—Dissolu- tion of Brazilian legislative bodies under the new constitution of Pres- ident Getulio Varges was described Izvestia as establishment of “a Fascis | dictatorship similar to that of Ital had | MBER 12, 1937. DR. JAMES 1. SEDER. —Copyright, A. P. Wirephoto. Izvestia said the coup “alarmed political circles in the United States, particularly in connection with the Rome triple agreement,” referring to the Italian-German-Japanese anti- Communism pact. Richard Prince $35 Suits and Top Co. $2§75 $3(¥ You even pay! for them in af distinctive man- ner — open a regular 30, 60 or 90 day | charge account. Men's Shops—14th & G Richard Prince $40:345 Suits, Top Coats, Coats MISSING 11 DAYS, CLERIC, 79, FOUND West Virginian’s Story of Kidnaping Is Probed by Federal Agents. By the Associated Press. HUNTINGTON, W. Va,, Nov.12.—A 79-year-old dry leader and former missionary, found after being missing 11 days, recuperated from exhaustion and bruises in a hospital today while Federal agents pressed an investiga- tion into his disappearance. The one-time head of the West Virginia Anti-Saloon League, Dr. James I. Seder, was found near a cave in a lonely wooded section, 25 miles from Huntington yesterday by a farmer who heard him groaning. Dr. Glenn Johnson of nearby Wayne gave emergency treatment and said both of Dr. Eeider's eyes had been blackened, apparently by a blow. Albert Ronk, who found the retired | Evangelical minister and former mis~ Sionary, said Dr. Seder told him he had been kidnaped and help cap- tive, but R. E. Vetterly of the Fede eral Bureau of Investigation, declined to discuss a kidnap theory. At the time Dr. Seder disappeared, Dr. Edward F. 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