Evening Star Newspaper, July 19, 1937, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition WASHINGTON, MONDAY —.--July 19, 1937 THEODORE W, Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company. 11th St and Pennsylvania Ave, New York Office: 110 East 42nd St ©hicago Office: 435 North Michigan Ave. Rate by Carrier—City and Suburban. Regular Edition, nday Star ‘The Evening an per month or 15¢ per week The Evening Sta per month or 10c per week The Sunday Star___ ________"__bc Der copy Night Final Edition, Night Final and Sunday Star-__70c per month Night ‘Final Star__ _______Z"""55c per month Colléction made at the end of each month or each w Orders may be sent by mail or tele- phone National 500 1 mo,, 5ic 2100; 1 mo., 40¢ All Other States and Canada, the Associated Press. Press is d 1 this ished herein, {n of sbecial dispatches Oliver Owen Kuhn. Oliver Owen Kul {s a casualty of an dying at fifty-one, which demands of earnest and sensitive men more than they eas r safely give. He re- ferred to the period as “the era of tension” and w abundantly familiar exactions of convenience and Only a few wecks ago, he con- fessed to fr “We burn the candle at both ends, not beca want to but because we must can with its health, course, sooner or later, we have to pay the penalty for our mistake.” A mind possessed of an extraordinary quota of energy gave him the power to be faithful to his work when, had he consulted his own personal interest, it would have been wiser to have accepted his p! But en- forced inact is difficult for individ- uals of Mr. Kuhn's temperament and ta It was, as he saw it, a duty o push forward unfalte: in harness. The demand for service, self-imposed in large part, was too compe! to be neglected for even so brief time as a single day. Certainly was by devotion to his conviction that he won his successes in the world. Mr. Kuhn was equipped by nature with a vision for human progress which, in his judgment, S enough to command the sacr remitting labor. He gave ingly and complete. Radio Forum w voice into millions of American homes was but one of the results he achieved. His share in the expansion of The Star be- ginning in 1912 and continuing through the present moment was another. As managing editor, he bore he burdens with credit to himself and those who were associated w him, Mr. Kuhn was appreciated and will be remembered for everything he was and for everything he did, but his country, the City of Washington and nearby Maryland which he loved so well and the paper of which he was so honorably proud part with im with regret made additionally poignant by the fact that he has gone too soon to have known how deeply and profoundly they valued him, iclan’s advice to rest. ng a span of precious e of un- nself will- e National carried his e There was a time when Madrid was studied by travelers who journeyed from this country for the art treasures it held. ‘That time, though forced into the future, must be restored and the hope that it will be soon must be generally enter- tained. America has studied the arts of war consclentiously and is entitled to a full opportunity to turn to the arts of peace. e Franchise Discipline. One neglected aspect of the problem of winning political and fiscal equity for the District of Columbia is that of the discipline which the franchise would signify. Little has been said on the sub- Ject; the philosophic implications of the right and the duty to vote have been overlooked in the debate. Yet, plainly enough, they are of vast importance. The character of any community, large or small, is determined by the privileges and the obligations of its people. In the United States a democratic eystem of civilization prevails. It pros- pers or declines in the ratio of the prac- tical application of the theory that every individual should exist for others as well as for himself. In other words, the prin- ciple upon which the Nation stands is the unwritten law of human fellowship. American society, then, must be co- operative, mutual and, in a basic sense, altruistic. It follows that it likewise must be articulate; every member must have a voice—that is, a free and un- trammeled vote. Such is the accepted theory of repre- sentative government under which all citizens except lunatics, criminals and residents of the Nation's Capital live. It is a doctrine which was not created by accident nor lightly nor without purpose. On the contrary, it is the fruit of the experience of an uncounted number of generations of the Anglo-Saxon race to which the founders of the Republic, predominantly, belonged: The authors of the Declaration of Independence and of the Constitution were believers in its Justice and its efficacy, Liberty, they insisted, is infeesible unless supported, maintained and participated in by the entire population. Thomas Jefferson advocated freeing the chattel slaves to that end; many of his contemporaries shared the same or similar views—their wishes resulted in the first ten amend- ments. And their example still persists. The only excuse which conceivably can be offered for continued denial of the franchise to the District of Columbia is the threadbare supposition that the peo- ple of Washington might misuse their opportunity to vote. But, for the sake of argument, let it be conceded that some valldity attaches to the notion, let it be granted that some citizens would make mistakes of & kind gih those of their ) neighbors in other cities: What of it? Civic liberty always is instinct with a measure of risk or peril. The question is: How are men and women to learn the lessons of responsibility if they are shut out from the obligations of citizen= ship? Knowledge accrues from effort. To contend otherwise is to do violence to logic. Edmund Burke was manifestly correct when he told the House of Com- mons: “In order to prove that the Amer- ifcans have no right to their liberties, we are every day endeavoring to subvert the maxims which preserve ths whole spirit of our own. To prove that the Americans ought not to be free, we are obliged to depreciate the value of free- dom itself.” That sentiment, expressed in 1775, might be repeated with equal force in the interest of National Repre- sentation for the District of Columbia in this present year, 1937. r—————— Spain’s Second Year. Compared to our Civil War, Spain's conflict, which enters upon its second vear today, is in its infancy. Yet the loss in life, and spiritual values begins to measure up formidably to the toll taken by the struggle between the American States. Just what the rebellion has cost in blood and treasure will probably never be known. According to the government, at least a mi property on Spaniards, soldiers and civilians, have been killed, while at least double that number have been maimed, with material damage wrought artillery and air attacks reaching inestimable dimensions. From one end to another, the Jand of Ferdinand and Isabella is a scene of desolation and ruin, as fratri- by cidal strife merges into another cycle of devastaticn, horror and From a military standpoint, the war is at a stalemate. Notwithstand- ing in the early months and both Loyalist and Insurgent victories this year, neither side today is within sight of decisive triumph. On “points” the rebels appear to have achieved the major successes. General Franco's forces hold two-thiras of Spain, including 34 out of 50 provincial capitals, all the col s and six of eleven cities of 100,000 population, such as Seville, Malaga, Bilbao, Zaragoza, Cor- doba and Granada. But the Insurgents have mot taken the supreme prize, Madrid, despite a siege which has raged intermittent fury since November. 1 the ancient capital falls, victory in a final sense will be denied Franco. Around it—on the broad Castilian pla- teau in which the government is con- centrating Loyalist forces—the war will be won or lost. Madrid is Spain’s natural fortress. Whoever dominates it holds the key to the peninsula. The semi- wrecked city has become the symbol of domination. While Loyalists and Insurgents gird themselves for a conclusive contest for supremacy, their grapple remains a danger to European peace and potential cause of international conflagration, Sorry an account of itself as the 27- power “non-interventjon” committee of London has given, it has contrived to prevent a general war, and, under British spur, is even now making an intensive effort to assure continued localization of the fighting. Foreign participation hitherto has taken place on a notorious scale. The Imsurgents have been supported by tens of thousands of so-called Italian and German “volun- teers” and by Italo-German equipment, while the Loyalists have had powerful aid from Soviet Russia, especially air- craft, which receives chief credit for enabling the government to maintain the defense of Madrid, along with the services of an effective anti-Fascist “International brigade.” The outside world’s abiding interest in Spain’s tragedy, apart from compassion for a brave people’s suffering, lies in the hope that its heroic sacrifice may speedily be brought to an end. With the underlying conflict between rival polit- ical ideologies, mainly fascism and com- munism, most other nations are rela- tively unconcerned, though Great Brit- ain and France would not view with equanimity an Italo-German-dominated Spain astride the Mediterranean. On both sides of the long and sanguinary combat Spaniards have fought with epic courage and Spartan endurance. It is the fervent wish of Spain’s friends that peace may soon come to the striken peninsula, and, with it, banishment of the peril of another world war. hate. stric Insurgent progress over e — There were fears that Amelia Earhart and her gallant pilot were kidnaped by South Sea pirates. Now it is hoped that the news will show that they were so mercifully spared. ————. Save the Trees! The Star is happy to commend Assist- ant Chief C. M. Granger of the Forest Service for the warning he has addressed to the real estate operators of the Dis- trict of Columbia. Ruthless destruction of the natural beauty of large areas of the Nation's Capital has resulted, he says, from the arbitrary cutting of trees needed by the community. Of course, it is perfectly true in theory that an owner may do what he likes with his property. But the welfare of his neighbors also must be taken into account. No single individual is possessed of any right to injure the appearance of an entire neighborhood. It happens, as Mr. Granger points out, that the Fed- eral Government has spent four and a half million dollars of taxpayers’ money in the past twelve years to set out new trees in various parts of the country, including Washington. But even if there were no immediate economic issue involved, it still remains a fact that the District of Columbia has a practical interest in the attrac- tiveness which for decades has been part of its charm to visitors. To illustrate the truth of this argument, let an incident of history be cited: In Cumberland County, Me., there once was a little village to which, considerable numbers of “outsiders” repaired each vacation season. These guests were responsible for the prospeghy of the “regular” in- THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C habitants of the place. Hence, they were expected, anticipated, planned for—and charged accordingly. A promoter, how- ever, intervened. With deadly logic he organized a pool of local farmers to supply timber to a match company. The landscape was wrecked. So, also, was the tourist and camping trade. People went elsewhere for July and August. In the end, even the post office was closed. Sardonically enough, the promoter him- self abandoned the scene of his mistake. The gold he got from his murdered goose was Invested in South American bonds which soon were as valueless as rubber boots in the Sahara. v—ee— Still Hope. The United States Navy is giving up the search for Amelia Earhart and her pilot, Frederick J. Noonan, lost in the Pacific more than a fortnight ago; but their friends still hope for their rescue. A chance, slim perhaps yet possessed of magnetic appeal, exists. Some small vessel, not equipped with radio facilities, may have picked up the flyers. Or, con- ceivably, they may be safe on one of the myriad little islands which dot the sea along the course they were following. Months may p: before the problem can be solved. But sooner or later the riddle should be read. Meanwhile, those who have faith in the fundamental sci- ence of aviation will wish to continue to trust their instinct in the circum- stances, believing that the missing pair were sufficiently skilled in the manage- ment of their plane to be able to avoid disaster. True, they were mistaken in their attempt to negotiate Howland; yet, when that error is conceded, there remains reason for optimism—they had succeeded in attaining other difficult objectives, they had established a record worthy of confidence in other emer- gencies. In any case, the public will not sur- render its hope until indisputable evi- dence is forthcoming. That is the trib- ute it chooses to pay to the flyers. It desires their rescue and will not willingly change its mind for any cause short of absolute proof of the futility of further search. ——ee In a time which is given much candid inquiry the theater has br another of its searching What is “burlesque”? Aristophanes it assumes to ght questions. According to is entertainment which instructive purpose, but New York continues to regard it with suspicion as a means of exploiting nudities in fact as well as pictorially. Much of our Summer discomfort is due to an effort to take our facts too seriously. ] An oil explosion in Atlantic City in- jured a large number of persons. An age of great inventions continues to produce the unfortunate interference of people who do not know how to manage them. —— e There are things in Asiatic conflict Wwhich we cannot understand as we vainly hope the conflict will exhaust itself without the benefit of our en- deavors to extend practical assistance. L As time goes on the census reveals larger figures for the District of Colum- bia. It may eventually simplify them as the disposition for candid study becomes frankly more sincere. oo Shooting Stars. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Uninformed. I don't pretend to know for sure What “reiativity” may be, But lack of knowledge I endure In matters closer far to me. I do not know what calls the smile Into a little baby's face, Nor why a war's relentless guile' Should horrify the human race. I do not know why men defy ‘The precepts they themselves unfold, And are bereft of honor by The mystic influence of gold. And so, philosopher, I pray Do not disprove my wit so slow, Since I encounter every day So many things I do not know. Deference Due. “You have a great respect for the will of the majority.” “Every politician has,” replied Senator Sorghum, “for the simple reason that the majority has the most votes.” Jud Tunkins says a man often gets credit for being quarrelsome when he is only making a feeble effort at repartee. Game Laws. A weary world will be surprised If apprehensions do not cease When shooting laws are well revised To guard the timid dove of peace. The Exception. “Are all the men in Crimson Gulch good poker players?” “All but me,” replied Cactus Joe. “Isn't your ignorance disastrous “No, I'm the feller that gets criticized by the entire assemblage for bein' a winner in spite of the fact that I play my cards all wrong.” Service Appreciated. “Do you see any real argument in fa- vor of & monarchial form of govern- ment?” “I do” replied Mr. 8tormington Barnes. “In the old days kings served as subjects for some of our very best comic operas.” The Vanished Ice. One day I slipped upon some ice And nearly broke an ankle. ‘The thoughts that thrilled me were not nice; Resentment seemed to rankle, But in July, when passing by The place where once I tumbled, I pause and pant and wonder why On earth I ever grumbled. “You often finds dat a man who says he is willin’ to tell all he knows,” said Uncle Eben, “tries to seem important by da? more tellin’ dan knowin'* 1 / } People Growing Weary Of Strife and Deaths To the Editor of The Star: And now the country loses & good and useful citizen, Senator Joe Robinson. How much longer is the Senate going to take this New Deal laying down? Is it not enough that people are suffering as never before and that war and death ure taking the place of reason and the courts in labor disputes? Although the New Deal does not carry a gun it is indirectly responsible for the disorders and deaths resulting from the prevailing industrial and political strife. The Vice President knows what it fs all about, and no doubt his conscience worries him. He leaves the chair of the Senate, over which he presides in one of the most trying times our country has ever known; goes fishing somewhere in the West snd lets the rest of the country sweat and argue with the rent man and the milkman and the grocery man and listen to the New Deal commentators tell us how well off we are. Of course, this is all right, it is a debt owed him by the party for his help in the election of the New Deal king, and he is being paid, not with their money, but with our money. C. I. O. Lewis, renovating & mansion in dear old Virginia, is not doing so bad, elther, but then, again, he did see that a large contribution was made to, and votes were counted for, the re-election of the king of the New Deal. Workmen are striking and starving to help pay for the comforts which C. I. O. Lewis will enjoy long after those who do not believe in paving for the privilege of working for an honest living in a free country are dead and buried. And still we are told that the king of the New Deal owed his election to no party or group and that he would do Jjustice by every one. That's a good one, almost as good as Boss Jim Farley's fore- cast of the States that would be carried by the New Deal. He knew Kansas would go his way, but he did not reckon on arrests being made in connection with the election frauds. He knew that In two States he was not making the progress he expected and that he had not succeeded in making the population of these two States believe the promises of a New York-trained politician. Our Congress is elected by the people and for the people and not by and for the President, Postmaster General or a C. 1. O. leader, and if the people have other things to worry about, such as making money to support a family, etc., it is up to their representatives to devote their time and thought to the future of our democracy and forget the ambitions of a man who wants to be king. Perhaps the death of Senator Joe Rob- fnson may arouse a demand for square- shooting and less dealing for trade and for position. Perhaps members of Con- gress will realize that for re-election to their seats they may have to go to the people of the country and not the people on relief, S. P. HOFFMAN, Chest Deductions From The Pay of Employe To the Editor of The S er several weeks without funds a young woman secured a job as waitress in a restaurant at $12 per week here in Washington, supposedly for eight hours’ work each d There was no written contract but her social security card and number were registered. When handed her first pay envelope for three days’ work there were two de- ductions, one for her social security tax (which she understood) and the other she was told was taken out for the Com- munity Chest. She knew nothing of this, so I told her to tell them she ob- jected to it. She did so when she was handed her second pay envelope, and the answer was “It does not make any difference if you do object; it is taken out of the payv from the highest to the lowest and will be taken out each week, ten cents a week.” Having a very strong sense of right and wrong I ask, how long since an American citizen must be forced to give to charity, whether one likes it or not? Why cannot the employer take out for any other charity—the Red Cross for instance, or any other organ- ization? In fact, to what lengths could this be carried? The principle of the thing is what makes one indignant, for the amount is small—but still amounting to $520 a year. Is it possible that proprietors pledge a certain amount for their organiza- tions to the Community Chest, or to charity, and then, unknown to their employes, plan for them to pay t? In addition to all this, is the fact that to save room rent, this young woman has been sleeping in an old automobile which has practically outlived its use- fulness except as a place in which to sleep and which will be sold as soon as she can afford a room. I feel that in common justice to the thousands of other employes who may be suffering in similar manner and as a believer in true Americanism and free- dom of action and speech that I owe it to them to kring this situation to public attention. (MRS.) LOUISE S. W. MARTIN, ———— Recalls Cardinal Gibbons on Walks in Baltimore Parks To the Editor of The Star: In the early days of the archbishopric of Cardinal (then Archbishop) Gfbbons of Baltimore the writer, a lad in his teens, used to help the gardener in Mount Vernon Square in Baltimore, through which his grace the archbishop used to pass on his walk in that part of the city. It was his custom to bid us smilingly the time of the day and he would often stop for a short talk. I have heard one of his old parishion- ers speak reminiscently of the cardinal’s pastorate of St. Bridget's in what was then known as Highlandtown, a suburb of Baltimore, and he would often visit the parish after his elevation to the cardinalate and he used to enjoy hearing those plain and devout people inad- vertently call him father instead of your eminence. Like Father Ryan, the poet priest of the South, Cardinal Gibbons held in esteem the people of the Southland, having lived among them as a mission- ary priest in the Carolinas. Cardinal Gibbons espoused the funda- mental truths of labor unions and, like Father Matthew, the apostle of temper- ance, whom Justin McCarthy, in his “History of Our Own Times,” epitomizes as “the sweet and simple Friar whose power was that of goodness and enthu- siasm,” Cardinal Gibbons stood for temperance. MICHAEL HOBAN. et Profitable Posture. From the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin. Lawyer who couldn't get a seat in & train has won a damage suit against the railroad company. Proving that it pays to stand up for your rights. ) Prison Purification. From the Cincinnati Times-Star. As good an explanation as any for the paroles of hardened criminals is that Jail wardens want to improve moral atmosphere of their balliwicks, MONDAY, JULY 1 THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Extreme care should be taken in the garden to prevent ihhaling the vapors of any of the popular insecticides or fungicides used as sprays. Commonly this point is overlooked, sometimes to the real harm of the user. It must be kept in mind that many of the mixtures used in this necessary work are poisons. Even those which are not poisonous, in essence, are very irritating to the lungs, if inhaled. They are foreign sub- stances which have no place in the nasal passages. Stomach and other ijllness may be caused by inhaling almost any of the products so much used in flower garden and vegetable spraying. This work is so common, and done so often without mishap, that most gar- deners never stop to think once of the essentially dangerous materials with which they work. Arsenic, nicotine and copper, to name three, are virulent and dangerous poisons. It might be thought, ofthand. that when diluted, as they often are, for the purposes of garden spraying, they would lose some of their toxic quality. That is true. They still remain very dangerous, however, all the more so on account of the fine state of suspension they are in. This permits the materials to be in- haled without the victim realizing it, or thinking much about it. He gets a metal taste, now and then, knows he has inhaled a bit of the spray, but does not worry much about it. That is where the trouble comes in, if it does, and perhaps it does more than many persons realize, who, when they find themselves ill, think it is “some- thing they ate.” ¥ Most often, of course, such poisonings are mild in nature, and the symptoms more nearly approximate simple stom- ach maladies than anything else, so that warning often is lacking, unless one happens to think of the possibilities beforehand. * ok x One of the most dangerous situations exists when the gardener attempts to spray as high as his head or higher. This makes him raise his head and look upward, thus putting mouth, nose and eyves into the very best positions for receiving some of the spray. Often the work of handling a spraver is difficult, especially for the person who may not be strong physicaly. Especialy the small hand sprayers are fatiguing. This may necessitate the opening of the mouth, in order to get more air, always a dangerous procedure when using a spray gun of any type. If the wind is blowing and the worker has not kept this fact well in mind he may find that & sudden gust will blow the spray directly back into his face. It 1s for this reason that every one who attempts to use a garden sprayer of any type will do well by himself to get the direction of the wind before he begins. Small gusts may spring up at any time, and these may prove all the more upset- ting because of their suddenness and the plain fact that they vary in direction from time to time. * o X ok Another very good reason for keeping wind direction in mind is the possi- bility of getting spray materials not only on plants that do not need them, but also of getting them on the house, espe- cially if painted white. Nicotine stains brown, of course, and cannot be recommended as house paint. Copper gives a greenish blue. There are other materials which give various other colors, all of them terribly out of place o plain surfaces. Some gardeners even dislike these stains on leaves and especi- ally on flower petals. These harms are minor, of course, in comparison with the threat to health. Even statements to the eflect that they are harmless to man or beast should be taken with a grain of salt. It should be realized that mostly such things are used without harm, but this in no ways mitigates their essential danger, espe- cially if one is careless. Careless handling of poisonous mate- rials is all too common, s every one knows. Familiarity breeds contempt, as often has been said; the person who uses & 40 per cent solution of nicotine to kill aphids, or plant lice, knows it is poison, but seldom stops to think of it, since he used only a fourth of a tea- spoonful to a quart of water, let us say. If any material in dilution is able to kill “bugs,” it must be pretty virulent, after all, because the insects are a tough tribe, and are not easily killed by any- thing. A flea, for instance, caught on Fido, may be crushed, beaten, put in bdiling water and sprinkled with flea powder, but still manage to survive. Flea “powders” are another material in use at this season of year which should be bhandled with respect. Some of them contain a virulent ‘fish poison,” originally used by certain natives of South America to kill fishes without much work. It is plain that though such things might not actually poison any one through inhaling a bit through the lungs. certain drying harsh effects might result which would cause real harm in other directions. * K ok ox There are other poisonous materials used in gardening, all of which should be handled with the greatest of cautions. Bait for cut worms, for instance, is extremely dangerous, and should never be used except on the underside of small stones, where birds and animals cannot readily get at it. The real danger from these baits is that their location is easily forgotten, when the stones or sticks under which they have been placed are upturned, and the material finally made available, especialy to the songsters. Ant traps often contain poisons. These are not so easily gotten at, in most cases, but should not be forgotten in any event. Repeated handling at regular inter- vals of any poisonous or irritating spray- ing materials requires especial caution, since the danger of some poisons lies precisely in the small “dose” which might be inhaled without the victim realizing it. He might not suspect anything, weeks later, when he began to feel ill, but small doses, from time to time, might have harmed him. With proper precautions, such as we have attempted to outline, there need be very little danger in using spraying materials. The main thing is to keep well in mind that a poison is a poison, no matter what name it may have. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Curiosity is widespread as to the source of the advice on which President Roose- velt acted in sending his amazing letter to Senator Barklev on the Supreme Court bill. Unless the totally unexpected comes to pass, the “dear Alben” billet- doux is destined to prove a bull of fatal magnitude for the future of the majority party. It is so packed with the dynamite of discord that the Capitol is convinced no Democrat worthy of the name had the President’s ear. Opinion is general that he succumbed to the siren song of some starry-eved New Dealer consumed by a hell-bent passion for reform rather than any concern for the welfare of the political organization of which Mr. Roosevelt is the head. That the tone and contents of the Barkley letter—espe- cially its gratuitous thrust at court oppo- nents’ lack of “decent respect” for Joe Robinson’s memory—have split the Democrats from stem to stern is bevond question. Nor does anybody doubt that F. D. R. has blasted any remaining pros- pect of judiciary legislation on his lines. Dictatorship talk s revived. In remind- ing Congress of its “duty” to enact a court bill without delay, the President takes a step which strikes members of both House and Senate as a demand for legislative subserviency, which is not only intolerable in itself, but more imperious than anything the Roosevelt era has so far produced. EE It would be instructive to learn the mathematical basis for the President's suggestion that “the overwhelming ma- jority of the people in this country” is in accord with the “objectives” for which he insists upon immediate congressional approval. No such popular sanction is reflected by the yawning division of Senate sentiment, while late events re- veal opposition hardly less extensive in the House. Newspaper and magazine polis have consistently disclosed minority public support for the bill. Bar Associa- tions, church leaders, State legislatures and civic organizations have gone on record against it. With rare exceptions, no newspaper of national prominence, or any important chain of papers, favors the President’s scheme. The most dev- astating refutation of the claim of “over- whelming” support is the avalanche of protests that has descended upon mem- bers of Congress in letters from the folks back home. These are estimated to average about 10 to 1 against the Roose- veltian proposition. * oK K Should Senator Harrison Inherit the leadership, there’ll be no lack of pre- cedents if he elects to retain the power- ful finance committee chairmanship. Henry Cabot Lodge remained chairman of foreign relations while serving as majority leader, and Charley Curtis hung onto the rules chairmanship under similar circumstances. The District of Columbia has lively interest in the way Senate committee chairmanships may be affected by Harrison's selection as ma- jority leader. If he renounces the finance chairmanship, King of Utah would advance to that place and pre- sumably relinquish the District affairs chairmanship. Next in line to King on the District of Columbia committee are Glass of Virginia, Copeland of New York and Tydings of Maryland. * X %k X Alben Barkley and Pat Harrison, chief contenders for the Senate leader- ship, are Democrats of notably different types, though they share in common the blood of Dixie. The Kentuckian, who enters the lists with earmarks of White House backing, is a sonorous and some- what solemn spellbinder of the old school, though a husky, broad-shoul- dered fighter who employs two-fisted methods of attack and defense, seasoned with & dash of judiciak temperament acquired during his days on a Blue Grass county bench. Harrison is no less militant than Barkley, but favors flank rather than frontal attacks. In debate he is partial to irony, humor and epigram and frequently relies on them to score telling points, though he has plenty of invective in reserve. The Mississippian has long been the gadfly of the Senate. He used torevel in stinging the Republicans when the Democrats were in the minority. Even though popular Pat doesn't rank as a 100 per cent“believer in the pending court bill and other New Deal innova- tions, the quality of his personal devo- tion to President Roosevelt is beyond question. He demonstrated his loyalty on more than one occasion, when cast for the role of administration goat. * oK o White House woes anent the New York mavoralty scrap are not lessened by Tammany's decision to pit Senator Copeland against Grover Whalen for the Democratic nomination. The primary now promises to be fought out as a New Deal proposition. Whalen will carry the banner of the regular county organ- izations allied to the Roosevelt-Farley machine, while Copeland and Tammany, with the backing of Al Smith, would comprise an anti-New Deal combination. ‘While the President may keep out of the primary contest, despite his undisguised disapproval of Dr. Copeland, the Novem- ber election will hoist the administration onto & new dilemma—whether to sup- port the Democratic nominee or its great and good friend, Fiorello La Guardia, who will carry Republican colors. * o ok X According to a tabulation compiled in executive quarters, Joe Robinson is the tenth Senator and the twenty-third Fed- eral official of prominence to pass away during the New Deal. The list includes Attornev General-designate Thomas J. Walsh, White House Secretary Louis Mc- Henry Howe, Secretary -of the Treasury Woodin, Secretary of War Dern, Assist- ant Secretary of the Navy Roosevelt, Speakers Rainey and Byrns and eight or ten members of the House. * ok oK X No matter how the Senate leadership squabble turns out, Mr. Roosevelt is ex- pected to lean heavily, as heretofore, on Vice President Garner as a sturdy ad- ministration oak at the Capitol. Despite known lack of enthusiasm for certain New Deal policies, including Supreme Court reform, the Texan's fondness for the President justifies the belief he will not fail the “boss” in the supreme emergency which the White House now faces in Congress and within the Demo- cratic party. Garner's hand is sure to be prominent and potent in impending hostilities at the refractory end of Penn- sylvania avenue. x ok K % Indiana Governor Townsend's hint that Senator Van Nuys, opponent of court packing, will be refused renomina- tion by the Hoosier Democratic organiza- tion revives interest in the fate of the seven other Democratic senatorfal court opponents up for re-election in 1938— Clark of Missouri, George of Georgia, Gillette of Iowa, Lonergan of Connecti- cut, McCarran of Nevada, Smith of South Carolina and Tydings of Mary- land. If certain G. O. P, plans mate- rialize the Democrats in question may receive Republican support that will counterbalance administration-inspired punishment. (Copyright, 1937.) —o—s Strikes and Mails, From the Charleston (W. Va.) Mail. A letter mailed 12 years ago was de- livered recently in Arkansas. At that it's an improvement on the delivery to the steel mills, [ ANSWERS TO | QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. A reader can get the answer to any question of fact by writing The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D, C. Please inclose stamp for reply. Q. When did the President become affiliated with the Boy Scout organiza= tion?—G. L. A. President Roosevelt became chaire man of the Greater New York Commit- tee on Scouting in 1920. He organized the Boy Sccut Foundation ef Greater New York, of which he remained head until he went to the White House, Q. Which eats more grass, a cow or a horse of equal weight?—G. W. H A. Under the same conditions a cow will probably eat more grass than a horse of the same weight. Q. What fish walks on its tail?—E. H, A. The wahoo, a tropical game fish, when hooked walks on i il alon surface of the water. It has an backbone consisting of a of bones which brace the spine in s & way that the fish cannot bend body up or down. Q. Which has miore value in the diet, proteins or carbohydrates?—W. F A. Both the proteins or constituents of foods and the hydrate or starchy constituents the same fuel value of 1,860 ca pound. carho- ha Q. Please give the names of some well- known race horse trainers—L. F A. A few of the best-known tra are: Pete Coyne, Bob Smith, Georze Odom, Earl Sande, James Heal Stotler, Danny Clark, H Freddie Hopkins, Hirsch, Joe Nott Joyner, Jim F ley, Tom Heale; Bert Mitchell. Thompson and Q. What ki press chiefl A. The term is used in many organiza- tions to designate what is per popularly known as the p di- rector, one who arranges the relations artd conferences between the press and the administration of the ization and decides what publici be given. nd of a position is t of 1yh ;s 7 Q. What battle in the Spanish War has been the fiercest?>—M. P A. The taking of Bilbao. More than 50,000 troops. augmented by severa dred airplanes, tanks and heavy guns, wrested the city from its de- fenders. siege Q. What was the first broadcast and where was the station (I understand it was KDKA) located? =L B, A. The station was the roof of a f. tory building in had been used by Westinghouse for ra- dio communications among company plants. The news event selected fo; first broadcast was the presidential election returns on the night of Novems= ber 2, 1920, telephoned to KDKA by the Pittsburgh Post. Q. How much money s office buildings and hotels in the Un States?—F. G. A. Office buildings represent an ine vestment of about $6.000,000,000 and hotels about $5,000,000,000. Q. What do Mormons call people who do not belong to their faith?—A. T. A. They are called gentiles or oute siders. invested in ed Q. Why do factories making the same kind of goods so often locate in the same town?—C. McK. A. Skilled help to operate machines is a necessity, which is one reason why manufacturers using mechanical meth- ods are likely to locate in districts wit similar manufactur Detroit is the center for automobile produetion. Ak- ron for rubber goods, Trov, N. Y., for laundry machinery, and textile manu- facturers tend to center in certain New England and Southern districts. Q. Is the amount of money in circula- tlon the deciding factor in a business cycle?>—F. L. B. A. Circulation of moneyv probably cannot be said to be a deciding factor in determining a business cycla, There have been periods of prosperity when circulation has been low and when it has been high. It is the balance between volume of business, outstanding credit and money circulation which is ir tant, coupled with a balance between production and consumptive demand. Q. What —J. W. A. This is the name of a decree sent, from the Vatican proclaiming against clandestine marriages; that is, mar- riages between Protestants and Catho- lics, or two Catholics, without the con- sent of the church., and the knowledze of the pastor of the Catholic member of the union. is a Ne Temere decree? Q. TIs it true that the male rather than the female emu raises its young? —W. K. A. The male bird takes full charge both of hatching the eggs and rearing the young. Q. What {s the highest altitude ever attained by man?—-D. B A. The Explorer II, National Gro- graphic Society balloon, made a new record ascent into the stratosphere of 72,394 feet, the greatest height ever ate tained by man. o The Greatest Terror, From the Pontiac (Mich.) Press. “Few people go through life without some terrifying experience,” says a well- known writer. Not the least of which is the meeting of the car that suddenly cuts out of line to beat the traffic, B ] Senatorial Difference. From the Saginaw Nows. A filibuster in the Senate may only mean that the members actually make the speeches they have printed in the Congressional Record. A Rhyme at Twilight y Gertrude Brooke Hamilton. The Close of Day. Beyond the river, in a liquid fire The sun set; flaming rays as from a pyre Spread o'er the heavens to horizon's rim; Then slowly the red bars grew faint and slim, Until at last they faded out of view; The sky and water were a denser hlue; Soft, dusky mists effaced a distant hill, While all the universe seemed to grow atill; The river became black from shore te shore— And night fell, ke the closing of & door,