Evening Star Newspaper, May 1, 1937, Page 2

| A2 #x THE EVENING _STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., SATURDAY, MAY 1, 1937. “HELL"NOT SO KO, SCIENCE DECLARES Dr. McNish Tells Geophysical Union Heat Effect: on Magnetism. BY THOMAS R. HENRY. *“Going to hell” might not be so tough as it sounds. The physical hell of the ancients was a place in the center of the earth, a place of everlasting fire and molten brimstone, where damned souls burned eternally. The concept had some support from the fact that out of the depths came the lava of volcanoes. It would still be highly uncomforta- ble—a matter of 2,000 degrees—but not 5o bad as it has been pictured accord- ing to data presented before the American Geophysical Union yester- day by Dr. A. G. McNish of the ter- restrial magnetism laboratory of the Carnegie Institution of Washington. Dr. McNish based his contention on the fact that if the center of the earth was as hot as has been claimed the magnetic phenomena of the planet would be very different. Iron loses its magnetism when heated to extreme degrees. The core of the earth, it is generally recognized by geologists, is made up of iron or some similar min- eral. Globe Powerful Magnet. The globe, Dr. McNish pointed out, actually is a very powerful magnet. He said: Absence of any satisfactory theory to account for the earth’s magnetic con- ditlons consistent with the view that the interior of the earth is at a high temperature calls into question the validity of the temperatures assigned to it. It is indicated that large fluc- tuations occur in the magnetic condi- tion of matter at great depths, which progress rapidly with respect to geo- logical time. These changes are not consistent with the view that the earth’s interior is static. Study of the magnetic fields arising from electric currents induced by daily variations and magnetic storms leads to the in- ference that at depths of 200 kilometers the electric conductivity arises greatly relative to that of the surface rocks. If the heat and electrical conductivi- tles follow the supposed relationship, temperatures of the interior of the earth may be considerably lower than 18 ordinarily supposed. Dr. W. D. Lambert of the Coast and Geodetic Survey described recent conclusions on the core of the earth from observations of gravity. It ap- pears, he said, “that the earth, on the average, is twice as rigid as steel and that this rigidity may be chiefly in the layers down to depths of about 3,000 kilometers.” This would leave open. he stressed, the possibility that the center of the earth is liquid. Transmutation Costly. ‘The old alchemists sought to change Jead into gold. This can be achieved by the new physical methods, in in- finitesimally minute quantities and at enormous cost. Physicists from a half dozen laboratories told of such trans- mutations as iron into cobalt and magnesium, oxygen into fluorine and arsenic into bromine. More practical was the transmutation of such ele- ments as aluminum, titanium, barium, lanthanum and cerium into radioact- ive materials, hitherto unknown in the world, which may even have some significance in medicine. The new alchemy consists of bom- barding the elements, at tremendous voltages, with dueterium—the heavy hydrogen first found at the Bureau of Standards—or wtih alpha particles, which are shot out by radium. Some of these stick in the atomic nucleii which they hit, at the same time knocking out particles from the nuclear masses, with the result that the element, supposedly changes into something else. A science of society which can keep pace with the physical sciences which in the last few decades have revolu- tionized man’s ways of life, was urged at the annual banquet of the Ameri- can Physical Society at the Raleigh Hotel last night by David Sarnoff, president of the Radio Corp. of America. Danger to Civilisation. Otherwise, Mr. Sarnoff stressed, *“many of the gifts of science and industry are in the nature of a two- edged sword which may turn out to be a weapon with which civilization may destroy itself.” The advance of this new social science, he said, “calls for the crea- tive imagination of a Newton and & Maxwell, and Edison and a Marconi. Obsolescence is a factor in social as well as industrial machines and to stand still is to go backward.” “If the cause of civilization is to be advanced on a permanent basis,” he continued, “we must learn to follow a procedure similar to that of the experienced surgeon. We must not be afraid to operate, but it is vitally important to know when to operate and when to advocate a less spectacu- lar and safer treatment. One de- cision may require as much courage as the other.” While drastic measures may be nec- essary, Mr. Sarnoff emphasized, “any measure of unemployment relief ob- tained by placing a checkrein upon technology or by arbitrarily hamper- ing man’s efficiency is unsound, un- economic and cannnot endure.” Mother Refuses To Leave Injured Child at Hospital But Doctor Says Girl, 8, With Skull Fracture, Improves at Home. ~ By the Ausociated Press, BALTIMORE, May 1.—Eight-year- old Theresa Hodkowski, whose mother took her from a hospital before she could be treated for a skull fracture suffered in an automobile accident, re- mained at home today in an improved eondition. State's Attorney J. Bernard Wells said Dr. John J. Krager had assured him the child was improving. The physician advised against moving her, however, and Wells said he would not try to force her mother, Mrs. Mary Hodkowski, to have her hospitalized. Theresa was struck by a taxicab yesterday and the driver took her to the Johns Hopkins Hospital. Mrs. Hodkowski, informed of the accident, arrived at the hospital as physicians and nurses began to work over the child in an emergency room. ‘The woman took the child away and refused to take her to any other hos- pital. Instead, she summoned Dr. Kra- ger and treated the child herself under his directions. immutable, | Washington | Wayside Tales | Random Observations of Interesting Events and Things. FANTASIA. ESTERED by reporters at a re- cent session of the National Academy of Science here, a biologist in desperation ad- mitted that 1,000 years from now it may be possible to create men and women in the laboratory. This conjecture fascinated us not because of its novelty, but because the line of reasoning was so much more specific than the usual Sun- day supplement logic which streaks through such theories. The general idea is this: A part of the body of every one is *‘connective tissue.” It's what grows over a cut when it heals. It is non- specific tissue, but it is made up of cells like every other part of the body and every cell contains within it all the genes and chromosomes which the individual has inherited from | his or her ancestors. Moreover, a | sample of this connective tissue can | be kept alive and growing indefinitely | in a suitable medium Now there are also in the body cer- | tain as yet unisolated chemicals known as “organizers.” They shape undif- | ferentiated tissue in certain forms— faces, tails, legs, etc. Experiments were reported here, for example, in which an implantation of the “face organizer” caused faces to grow on the tails of tadpoles. Thus the day may come when it will be possible to take a suitable amount of the culture of anybody's connective tissue, shoot it into the appropriate number of “organizers,” and end up with an exact duplicate of the person from whom the connective tissue was taken. This would pro- vide a sort of earthly immortality, like the immortality of the protozoa (surely you've heard about that). Even more intriguing to us is the prospect of a homemade twin, a fellow whose conduct could be judged more | or less dispassionately, who would be sent around to dull parties we didn't want to attend, who would get up at | sunrise and perform our daily labors while we lay abed and waited for pay day. Of course, people might start put- ting out 20 and 30 duplicates of them- selves, thereby correcting the present muddled state of the world. Out of all the confusion that would cause, inevitably a more ordered civilization would arise. Some mathematical law assures that, we hope. When matters reach a certain state of concentrated disorder, they automatically take on a pattern. Regard a juggler's Indian clubs, for example. They are about as confused as any Indian clubs we ever met, but | aint they got rhythm? * ox X X SERVICE. Visiting down in the “dry” town of Durham, N. C., last week, a Washingtonian was seized with a mighty thirst, Of course, there are ways and means of taking care of these problems, and he summoned a hotel bell boy to do the job. Told the lad he wanted some whisky and soda. Few minutes later the boy came back, with a pint of whisky and a package of baking soda. Shows you what the thinks of the eflete East. * ok x % LINGO. “’T"HREE-LEAF clover, figure eight, | around the world, the machine | gun, walking the puppy, making it sleep.” Strange phrases? Surrealism? Not at all. Merely the language of yo-yo artists, the names of various tricks mastered by the expert yo-yo | spinner, who can make a walking puppy turn into a machine gun at a moment's notice. * ok ok X IN MEMORIAM. HAT with all the furore over the proposed Thomas Jefferson Me- morial one might suppose that some- body had suggested erecting a monu- ment here honoring the forgotten man. Actually the Democratic statesman South has more streets named after him than any other person so honored in Wash- Ington. There are four of them, none very impressive to be sure, but still weighty numerically. The oldest is in Georgetown, com- ing in between Thirtieth and Thirty- first, and running from K to M streets; the second, in northeast, was opened not so long ago, and runs from Fourth street to Eastern avenue; the third, from Fifth street to Four- teenth street northwest, and the fourth, called Jefferson place, extends from 1218 Connecticut avenue west to Nineteenth street. * ok o % NEWSHAWKS. Last week the Women's Press Clud luncheon had an unusually large attendance, many members bringing several guests as for a special occasion. After the group was assembled, somebody said, “But where’s Jane Cowl?” One of the typed advance notices sent out by the Luncheon Commit- tee was dug up for inspection. It promised as entertainment features “Miss So-and-So, lecturer on the theater, and Jane Cowl.” If the newspaper ladies had read their papers carefully, they would have known that Miss Cowl was passing the week in Dayton, Ohio, was not due here until April 26, e TRt Earthquake Reocorded. Believed to have occurred in the North Pacific Ocean, 5,600 miles away, & severe earthquake was recorded re- cently on the seismograph at Rath- 'suum Oastle, Dublin, Irish 'Free 4 | tend to be heard hereafter.” | All Estate Beyond Debts and Real COURT OF RN Thinks Capital, Labor and | Professions Should Solve Problems. Creation of a “supreme Court of public opinion” in the form of a non- official council representative of labor, capital and the major professions to seek a solution of present economic problems was proposed by Dr. Edmund A. Walsh, S. J. vice president of Georgetown University, last night dur. ing his weekly lecture caurse in Memorial Continentel Hall ‘The only function of the Govern- ment in connection with the economic council, Dr. Walsh suggested, should be to provide it a meeting place and ! then lock the door and say: “You shall not come out until you have reached an agreement. If you cannot reach an equitable solution, the legislative power will be evoked to effect by law what you confess yourself incapable of achieving by mutual co-operation. This is your last chance. Regulate yourself—or be forever silent when the sovereignty of law shall speak after your default.” Dr. Walsh was assisted by a group of students from the School of Foreign Service at Georgetown, who assumed the role of delegates to the proposed council from the various occupations and professions. Assisting Students, They were Charles J. Cole and R. M. Sheehan, representing labor; Rich- | ard J. Forhan, the Chamber of Com- merce; Reginald Martine, banking institutions: Jack C. Corbett, Ameri- can Manufacturers’ Association; J. F. Gaghan, the lumber industry: P. H. Grafton, the consumers of America; R. E. Alfaro, G. R. Jennings, C. A. | Rocheleau and W. F. Carpenter, rep- resenting the various religions; D. W. Weatherby, National Education Association: Chester S. Davis, agri- culture; Willlam C. Waldo, National Academy of Sciences, and Leonard R. Raish, transportation and marine. Acting as chairman of the council, Dr. Walsh directed a general discus- sion of the major economic problems, during the course of which the rep- resentatives of labor suggested that since capital distributes dividends, labor should have a share of the profits. Buying Power Support. Agreeing with this proposal, the rep- resentative for the consumers said: “Anything that increases labor's buying power, and consequently helps to stabilize our national economy, mer= its enthusiastic support. For the finan= cial burden of widespread unemploy= : ent falls heaviest on us, the tax pay- ers, who are called upon at once to shoulder new burdens for relief, for | Red Cross contributions, for Commu- nity Chest drives, increased taxes, Federal, State and local: appeals for charity and hospitals and for similar emergency funds, “We consumers are usually left out of your economic planning. But we | are expected to pay the bills. We in- | ARTHUR BRISBANE WILL IS PROBATED Property to Go to Family's Benefit. BY the Associated Press NEW YORK, May 1.—The will and | codicil of Arthur Brisbane, which his | lawyers said was probated yesterday | before Surrogate Joseph Donahay of Monmouth County, N. J., bequeaths all of his estate beyond debts, ex- penses and real property to a group of trustees, to be managed for the benefit of his family. | The petition recited merely that the world's highest paid newspaper writer, | who died last Christmas morning, possessed real estate worth ‘“‘more than $10,000” and personal property | of “more than $10,000,” The will was dated October 6, 1934; the codicil, March 7, 1936, nearly 10 | months before his unexpected death. After providing for payment of debts and expenses and devising ex- tensive real estate holdings in New York State to a corporation, Mr. Bris- | bane bequeathed the remainder to the trustees under an indenture of | trust dated February 10, 1931. The indenture was made for Mrs. Brisbane, his four caughters and son and other members of his family. Monkey Cake Eaters. DENVER (#).—Skipper, a civilian simian, was the ring-tailed darling of | the Denver City Park monkey colony. Mrs. Henry E. Shannon, wife of a real estate man, let Skipper celebrate | his first birthday by giving a party for { the 21 monkeys at the Zoo. They ate individual cakes. Denhardt [ the WALSH PROPOSES ~ G-MAN ADDRESSES WRITING TEAGHERS Handwriting Expert’s Role in Crime Solution Told by Harbo. The role that handwriting experts play in solution of crimes and of mys- teries where no crime has been com- mitted was related before the Na- tional Association of Penmanship Teachers and Supervisors yesterday by R. T. Harbo, administrative assist= ant to J. Edgar Hoover, head of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. “Handwriting identification is a part of the broader field of document ex- amination, which is one of the oldest and most valuable of police sciences,” Harbo said. “Document identification includes, in addition to the study of handwriting, the study and compari- son of paper, paper perforations, inks, pencil deposits, carbon sheet deposits annd typewriter ribbon markings. “It may be generally stated that the identification of two specimens of handwriting is based on the fact that handwriting is an individual process and that no two persons have exactly the same combination of habits in connection with their writing. The writer is not aware of the existence of many of these habits, and this fact makes it possible for the handwriting experts to make identifications even when there have been deliberate at- tempts to disguise the writing.” Dr. Frank W. Ballou, superin- tendent of schools, was another speak- er on the convention program at the Wardman Park Hotel. Discussing the ultimate goals of the congressional demonstration in character education in Washington schools, he said the general educational program and theory must be changed “if character education is to be included as one of the desired results of public educa- tion.” Miss Bertha A. Connor, director of handwriting, Boston public schools, spoke on “Handwriting Today.” The annual banquet and dance of the association was held last night with the Washington Teachers’ Com- mittee as hosts. The convention will close this after- noon with a business session. Speakers at the session this morn- ing were to be Dr. C. E. Waters, chief of the organic chemistry section, Na- tional Bureau of Standards, on “Inks”; Bourdon W. Scribner, chief of the paper section of the bureau, on “School Paper”; Dr. John G. Kirk, director of commercial education and handwriting, Philadelphia, on “The Current Trends in the Supervision of Handwriting,” and Rev. George John- son, Ph. D., associate professor of edu- cation at Catholic University, on “De- velopment Through Discipline.” AMY JOHNSON HINTS AT TRANS-SEA RACE Noted Woman Flyer Begins Navi- gation Study Under Comdr. Weems at Annapolis. By the Associated Press. ANNAPOLIS, Md., May 1.—With a New York-to-Paris race with French and Rumanian fiyers a possibility, Mrs. Amy Johnson Mollison, famed | British woman flyer, today began an intensive two-week course in air navi- gation here, under the tutelage of Comdr. P. V. H. Weems, U. S. N, retired. | Miss Johnson, as she prefers to be | known, arrived here last night with Col. Alexis Illyene, former Russian Army fiyers in the czarist army, and | colleague of Comdr. Weems. Col. Tilyene said Miss Johnson spoke | of a flight in June. He said that a | race from New York to Paris with a prize offered by the French gévern- ment was still in process of forma- tion and that the aviatrix also spoke of a “possible” flight around the | werld Plans are by no means definite, he | added. Miss Johnson will attempt to master intricacies of the Weems sys- tem, used by aerial navigators the | world over, in the short period of time by working at least 10 hours a day, Col. Illyene said. LIQUOR, CASH STOLEN 28 Cases Taken From Store on Eighteenth Street. Twenty-six cases of liquor, valued at $711, were stolen last night from the store of Myer Sigel, 2442 Eighteenth street, he told police today. Im addi- tion, the robbers took $40 from the cash register. The robbers gained entrance to the store by cutting away metal bars which guarded a rear window, Sigel said. on Stand Brig. Gen. H. H. Denhardt pictured in the witness chair at New Castle, Ky., as he read letters from Mrs. Verna Garr Taylor, whom the commonwealth charges he murdered. Some read “Henr| Mrs. Taylor killed herself. 4 dear” and ended with “Love, Verna.” Denhardt claims —Copyright, A. P. Wirephoto. A Family Reunion in Seatile Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt, arriving in Seattle for a family visit, was greeted at the airport last night by her grandchildren, Curtis Dall (left) and Eleanor Dall. Her son-in-law and daugh- ter, Mr. and Mrs. John Boettiger, also shown, met Mrs. Roosevelt in San Francisco and flew with her to Seattle. LAFOLLETTEBODY STUDIES EVIDENCE, Cases of Conflicting Testi- mony Weighed—Inquiry Reopens Monday. In recess until Monday, the Senate Civil Liberties Committee this week end planned careful study of several | instances of directly conflicting tes- timony given under oath during its hearing into violations of civil liber- ties in Harlan County, Ky. Principal instance of contradiction involves an alleged attempt by Sheriff T. R. Middleton to persuade Hugh Taylor, former deputy whose murder was alleged to have been attempted by Deputies Frank White and Wash Irving, to hide out during the Sen- | ate probe. Taylor and his wife previously testi- fied that Middleton had offered him $2,000 or an increased salary of $150 per month to stay away from the in- vestigation. Middleton admitted yes- terday he had offered to pay Taylor his salary while he was convalescing but denied any mention of $2,000 or any desire to keep the wounded man away from the committee After two hours of angry question- ing of Middleton and George S. Ward, secretary of the Coal Operators As- sociation, Chairman La Follette yes- terday adjourned the hearing and or- dered both of the above, Pearl Bass- ham, the “little Napoleon” among the anti-union operators; Mr. and Mrs. Taylor, Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence How- ard and Bill C. “Thug” Johnson to be on hand Monday afternoon. —_— OFFICIALS TO DEDICATE NEW PICNIC GROUNDS The newly constructed picnic areas built by the Civilian Conservation Corps at Fort Hunt, Va., on the Mount Vernon Memorial Highway, were to be officially dedicated this | afteroon by Interior Department offi- cials and their families. The pro- grram was scheduled to start at 1 o'clock. First Assistant Secretary Theodore A. Walters of the Interior Depart- ment was to be guest of honor. Arno B. Cammerer, director of the National Park Service, and his associate, A. E. | Demaray, and C. Marshall Finnan, superintendent of the National Capi- tal parks, were invited. MERCHANT FINED Robert Klevitt, 36, a merchant, of 413 Fourth street southwest, yester- day was fined $100 by Police Court Judge Edward M. Curran on six charges of violating the weights and measures laws, each case involving short weights in the sale of meat and chickens. Klevitt previously had demanded a jury trial but withdrew the demand and pleaded guilty. i)enl;ardt ntinued From F:irst Page.) truck driver employed at Mrs. Taylor’s laundry in La Grange. Denhardt de- scribed Woolfolk as jealous and said Woolfolk’s attentions to Mrs. Taylor caused her to take her own life. Den- hardt testified that the widow told him Woolfolk warned her not to marry the general. Trial Ends Second Week. The trial ended its second week today. The case was not expected to go to the jury before next Tuesday. R. O. Sherberg, Cook County, I, chemist, in his testimony yesterday attacked the paraffin tests of Den- hardt’s hands made by the State. He termed them “unreliable.” The State contended the tests showed that Den- hardt had fired a gun shortly before the widow's body was found in a roadside ditch. Another defense expert, Maj. Seth ‘Wiard of Washington, D. C, told the jury the death gun was pressed “closely” against the widow's breast. The State had offered testimony designed to show that the gun was discharged at a distance which pre- cluded the suicide theory. & ;MRS. ROOSEVELT PLANS | WEEK’S STAY IN WEST | | Grandchildren Welcome Her on | Arrival at Seattle Airport i From San Francisco. By the Associated Press. SEATTLE, May 1.—Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt settled down today for a week's vacation with her grandchil- | dren and their mother and stepfather, | Mr. and Mrs. John Boettiger. She had not seen the grandchildren, | Eleanor and Curtis Dall, since they | left the White House shortly before Christmas. | When Mrs. Roosevelt and the Boetti- gers arrived here by plane yesterday from San Francisco the children were at the airport to meet her. Mrs. Roosevelt made it clear to in- terviewers that, except for a civic wel- come Wednesday night, she intended to spend her whole time quietly with the family. {MAN, 71, IS FOUND DEAD 3‘ IN TUB OF HOT WATER Former Veterans' Administration Hotel Employe. Joseph A. Weise, 71, former employe | of the Veterans' Administration, was found dead in a bathtub filled with hot water at the Occidental Hotel last night. | Police said Weise, who had lived at the hotel about three years, apparently | | slipped and fell into the tub, judging from the position in which he was found. Friends said he was crippled in one leg and had fallen several times recently. | Hot water was still running into | the tub when the body was found by Raymond Deaver, hotel employe, who | entered the room after failing to get a response when he knocked on the | door about 8 p.m. | Detective Sergt. Walter S. Beck said | Weise had no relatives here other than a young niece. He said he had gotten | in touch with a nephew, Joseph Stein- brunner, in Cincinnati, and that burial arrangement were being made. SORORITY SESSION Three District chapters of Sigma | Phi Omega, women's national ac- | counting sorority, will take part in | the organization’s national convention here Tuesday and Wednesday. They represent Benjamin Franklin Uni- versity, Southeastern University and Strayer College of Accountancy. Miss Nora Ellis Maddox, chief of the administrative audits division of the Social Security Board, will be speaker at a dinner at 8 p.m. Tues- day in the Y. M. C. A. Building. Miss Marion A. Mitchell, national president, will preside. ' Employe Is Discovered by | | | | | Justice Roberts, High Court Pivot, Is 62 Tomorrow Gained National Fame in Prosecuting Tea- pot Dome Cases. By the Associated Press. Justice Owen J. Roberts, youngest member of the Supreme Court, whose vote has been considered the decid- ing factor in several recent decisions on administration laws, will be 62 to- morrow. He was one of five justices voting to uphold the Washington State mini- mum wage law and the Wagner labor relations act. He voted last year against a New York minimum wage law for women. | Roberts gained national prominence | in prosecuting the Teapot Dome ofl | cases for the Government after the Harding administration. President Hoover appointed him to the court iz 1930. An honor graduate of the University of Pennsylvania Law School, Roberts taught there as instructor and pro- fessor from 1898 to 1918. Later he entered private practice in Philadel- e : | e —Copyright, A. P. Wirephoto. FIGHT ON COURT WAGED BY RADIO Friends and Enemies of Bill Resumed Broadcasts Last Night. Br the Assoctated Press Friends and enemies of the Presi- dent’s Supreme Court bill resumed their radio broadcasts last night as the Senate Judiciary Committee, which now stands 10 to 8 against the measure, dropped hostilities over the week end. The committee, however, was pre- pared to resume executive sessions this week. looking toward a vote on the Hill | by May 18 The National Lawvers’ Guild, back- | ing the bill, sponsored a series of din- ners last night which were addressed by members of Congress and other speakers. To all of them a group of five speakers, headed by Senator Green, Democrat. of Rhode Island, spoke by radio from Washington. Speak in New England. At the same time, two Democratic opponents of the bill. Senators Bailey. Democrat, of North Carolina and Burke, Democrat, of Nebraska, were addressing New England audiences, the former at Hartford, Conn., and the latter at New Haven, Senator Burke said the President's court bill is a clear violation of the spirit of the Constitution, that it ‘‘does not even touch the evils w are alleged to exist,” and that “it strikes at the ver: pendent judicia: “I do not believe that the people are deceived,” he said. “They would welcome the prompt withdrawal or defeat of this proposal. When that has been done, when Congress and the President make up their minds to be content with the exercise of the vast powers than the people have been willing to surrender, we will begin to make real progress.” Three Courses Open. As part of the Lawyers’ Guild pro- gram, Senator Green said there are three courses open to the Nation in dealing with the conflict between the administration and the Supreme Courr. “First, to do nothing.” he said. “This, heart of our inde- | in my opinion, will prove fatal to our existing institutions. Second, to amend the Constitution. This, I believe to be both unnecessary and entirely im- practical. Third, to make such changes n the Supreme Court as may be made within the Constitution. Let us act in the best way open to us. That way, I am convinced, is the way we are now discussing—the way the President has proposed.” John P. Devaney, president of the Lawyers’ Guild, said the organization indorses the President's proposal “as the only immediately available method to make possible current legislation now imperatively needed.” DR. A. H. COMPTON TALKS TO RELIGIOUS LEADERS Nobel Prize Winner Speaks at in Luncheon Session Lee House. “Science and religion can be justi- fied only in so far as they give to man that which he wants and needs,” Dr. Arthur H. Compton, Nobel prize winner in physics in 1927 and present head of the physics department of the University of Chicago, yesterday told more than 80 local religious lead- ers at a lunceon in the Lee House. Long active in the religious field himself, Dr. Compton was the guest of honor of the Laymen’s Missionary Movement here, along with F. J. Michel, secretary of the movement in Chicago, who told of the progress made by the organization during the last 10 years. Lawrence Choate, leader movement here, presided session. in at the the Church 130 Years Old. ALTON, Ill., May 1 (#).—The 130th anniversary of the founding of the first Baptist Church in Madison County will be observed here Sunday. HTLER THREATE'S REVOLTIVG ELER Hits Catholic, Protestant Opposition in Speech to 50,000 Workers. | By the Associated Press. | BERLIN, May 1—Adolf Hitler threatened bluntly today to “withdraw the clergyman'’s license” from any who |tries to “disturb our community spirit.” | He lashed out at opposition—Cath- olic and otherwise—in a speech at the Lustgarten, often the scene of wildiy | cheering Nazi gatherings. But to- da. reaction was one of moderate applause | Scme 50000 workers gathered in | the huge square between the museum |and the former imperial palace, An | unbroken wall of 45-foot swastika | banners flanked the square on both | sides | Many women and some men fainted | under the hot sun | | “If anybody tries through ency- clicals, sermons or other relig measures to isturb our community | spirit we will simply withdraw | clergyman’s license from such,” Hit | cried | “It will not do for certain circles to criticize our morals when they have ed the greatest reason to be conce about morals in their own ranks Hitler's speech provided repercussions of the fight Nazism d Catholism Nazis have been accus Pius, in an Easter encyclical, of vio- lating the 1933 German-Vatican con- cordat setting up separate spheres of influence in the Reich The government recently sentenced three Catholic chaplains to long prison terms on charges of aiding a united Catholic - Communist front against Nazidom. Several Catholic brother: | received sentences on immorality charges. | Hitler, in a 50-minute address, also | aimed a side blow at Jews, who, he said, controlled the destinies of Soviet Russia. He said “none of the Soviet leadership has arisen from the prole- tariat, they are ruled by another tribe.” The workers cheered this. | Then Der Fuehrer pleaded with both workers and employers to in- crease production without demanding | higher prices or higher wages. VDe V.alera | (Continued From First Page.) | adopted for like purposes by any g; |in the League of Nations with which the Eire (Ireland) is or becomes asso- | ciated for the purpose of international co-operation in matters of common | concern.” This section, some observers believed left a loophole for continuance of common action with the British Em- pire in matters of foreign policy. The constitution would give the Irish Free State the ancient name of the country, “Eire,” and establish Gaelic as the predominant national ;langua,ge. De Valera used both Gaelic |and English in publishing the docu- | ment. [The London press received the | declaration of sovereignty with calm, cool skepticism. The censervative Telegraph termed it a “‘dream consti- tution.” declaring that Eire “cannot be sovereign because its authority will not be recognized by Ulster.” The Mail quoted J. M. Barbour, Ulster (Northern Ireland) minister of com- merce, as saying: “For De Valera to | speak for the whole of Ireland is fan- tastic. There is nothing to prevent him from putting the idea in his con- stitution, but it is too absurd to con- template. We stay where we are.”] (The Post, official conservative or- gan, termed the document a reflection of De Valera's “implacable and pe- dantic mind * * * and love of make- believe, so dear to the Irish charac- | ter.””) Inspiration From U. S. he provisions of the constitut suggested De Valera found inspirat from the United States Constitution and the papal encyclicals, motably those of Pope Leo VIIL. It opened with a prayer to the Holy Trinity The keystone of the new legislat set-up would be the presidency, w the executive elected for terms of s en years by direct vote of the people | The excutive would appoint, on nom- |ination of the Dail Eireann (Lower | House of Parliament), a prime min- ister, or taoiseach, to head the cab- inet. Composition of the Dail would | remain unchanged. De Valera’s present post is “pres- ident of the executive council.” The highest executive office formerly was that of governor general, appointed by the crown. | That position disappeared last De- | cember when Donal Buckley, an old | Irish Republican, appointed by King | George V in 1932, signed the Dail's lact abolishing his £10,000-a-year job | ($50,000)—in effect abolishing his | own position. Proposes Novel Method. Under the new constitution the gap caused by abolishment of the gov- ernor-gencralship would be filled by the President. Exclusive legislative powers would be held by the two houses of the Parliament, Dail and Seanad Eireann, or Senate. De Valera abolished the former Senate a year ago, declaring it frus- trated the wishes of the people. The new Senate would be chosen by a novel method. The prime minister would nominate 11 members and the 49 others would be elected in voca- tional panels after each general elec- tion. Three senators each would be elected by the National University and Dublin University and the others would be chosen to represent language, culture, education, agriculture, fisheries, ore ganized and unorganized labor, ine dustry, commerce, public administra= tion and social service. The old constitution, conferred by British royal proclamation in 1922, would be discarded and with it its system of military tribunals for politi- cal offenders, these to be replaced with special courts to try cases in which juries are likely to be intimidated. The constitution would carry guar= antees of fundamental rights of pere son, family, education, private prop- erty and religion, recognizing the Roman Catholic Church as guardian of the faith of the country’s majority, but denying no rights to other re- ligians. Divorce would be barred un- der the provision that “no law shall be enacted providing for the grant of a dissolution of marriage.” Directive principles of social policy, based on papal encylicals, were out= lined for the guidance of Parliament. During the three years after the con- stitution becomes effective, Parlia~ ment, subject to discretion of the president, would be permitted to amend the document.