Evening Star Newspaper, March 23, 1937, Page 6

A—6 ; INDUSTRIAL PEACE PLAN 1S BROACHED Thomas, in Forum Address, Asks Definitions of Fair Practices. Declaring that “strikes, like war, are outmoded,” Senator Elbert D. Thomas, Democrat, of Utah, last night called for establishment of govern- mental machinery designed to main- tain peace in industry Senator Thomas spoke in the National Radio Forum, arranged by nationwide network of the National Broadcasting Co. Hitting at labor relations both by employer and employe, with | particular reference to such spying activities s have been bared by the | Senate investigation, Senator Thomas bespoke a solution based on “trust, confidence and mutuality,” as he out- lined his plan. United States Can Define Practices. abuses The Government, he said. “‘can lay | down broad definitions of what shall | constitute fair and unfair labor and | industrial practices. It can define by | law a labor union, lodge or craft group, | thus outlawing the racketeer and dis- honest labor leader. It can then | bring into existence institutions, call them courts or boards, for the en- forcement of fair labor and industrial practices and relations, thus furnish- ing the third party with the public interest necessary for the settlement of troubles. “These third parties might eonstant access in an adviso capacity to our major industrie They should be available to both labor and industry on call. Under our| present constitutional scheme these institutions should be set up for use | in those industries which can be federally cont d, with the provision that States may pass similar defini- tions and may, therefore, co-operate with the Federal agencies in the enforcement of those definitions. Thus the constitutional chasm which divides Interstate and intrastate commerce can | be bridged by co-operative action both | by the State and the Nation.” Cooling-Off Period Needed. ‘The function of such an organiza- tion would be to initiate conferenc when trouble threatened, he explained, have bringing on at the outset a *“cooling- off period” (such as is provided by the railroad mediation law). Such conferences, Senator said, might fail to halt a strike, but at least, the issues involved would | be clearly defined ‘Thomas | The text of Senator Thomas' ad- | dress follows | In all labor relations there are three Primary interests which must be kept | constantly in mind: First, the interest | of the employer; second, the lmer(’\ll of the laborer, and third, the interest of the public. Probably the public Interest is of greatest importance, be- cause it will embrace the interests of the laborer and the employer as well &s of all the people. In the United Staies whenever any {1l or any good that must be accom- plished by governmental action is to be corrected and furthered, it is nec- essary to review at least in thought our gevernmental scheme. American government, both that of the State and that of the Nation, differs from practically all other governments of the world in one great particular, Most governments have in them some- where an ability to do whatever the Rovernment wishes to do. Therefore, in the thoughts of all people in those governments, the governmental in- terest is of paramount importance. Powers in United Sattes Limited. The American governments are | definitely governments of limited | powers, That holds for either the State or the Nation. There are many things which no government in the United States can do. Those things which government ecannot do and | which are reserved to the people may | be termed, politically speaking, what we in America call liberty. This liberty | is of primary importance and thus | Wwe see that the persons who live | within the jurisdiction of the Govern- ment of the United States or of a particular State are, under the American theory, the entities of paramount interest, and not the gov- ernments themselves. Now, since government.is limited in its powers, the thoughtless general- ization that all things may be cured by a law is, of course, just a thought- less generalization. It has no validity in fact. In the preservation of that which we call liberty we have assumed that | operative action | our SENATOR ELBERT D. THOMAS. D. C, TUESDAY, MARCH 23, 1937. —Star Staff Photo‘ that liberty is best maintained by“ | keeping our governmental functions separate and our governmental powers | distributed between the State and the | Nation. Thus, government in thv‘ United States seems to be constantly | against itself. When it functions | properly, instead of there being a | contest between the branches and the | powers of government we have co- operation between them, and through co-operation the men, women and children in America have gained their greatest blessings. Two Outstanding Examples. Our outstanding examples of co- | operation for the good of the people | between the State and the Nation are probably the co-operation between | the State and the Nation in regard to | education and the co-operation tween the State and the Nation in | regard to roads. Both of these major | activities have at some time in our | history, much as we realize their | necessity today, been deemed by many as unconstitutional activities. I men- | tion this fact to illustrate my point that through co-operation great gains have come and those gains might have been lost had the efforts of the particular group to restrain the co- by an emphasis of its probable unconstitutionality been | | sustained ! Thus, I think, we may generalize to | this extent: that when all parties of | interest to a given governmental prob- | lem work in saccordance with the fundamental spirit of democracy, that fundamental spirit being built upon self-restraint, self-control and fair | play, we in Amrica hav gon for- | ward. But when the particular group has attempted to interpret its rights | as being of paramount interest, and the rights of the public and the ngth of the opposing group of merely sec- ondary interest, and government sup- | ports the one group, then we have | had trouble and sometimes govern- | mental and industrial chaos and dis- | order. In labor relations we can see that same generalizations nold true. The employer who insists absolutely | upon his rights and who assumes that those rights are separate from and distinct from the rights of the | public, brings strife, discontent, dis- | trust and sometimes disorder. When | the public acts through its agencies | in an arbitrary manner and supports | one faction against the other it, too, brings distrust and disorder. And | when the employe assumes that his individual interest is of primary im- portance and he insists upon lus| rights to the extent that they con- flict with the rights of others, then again we have disorder. Haste Makes Waste. As there is a mutual interdepend- ence among employer, employee and the public, co-operation between the three is essential, and when it does not exist there is strife, loss and disorder. If the loss were sustained by just one group, if the strife af-| fected but one or if the disorder | were localized and affected only the | non-co-operative group, we migm‘ quickly pass judgment and punish the wrongdoer, but the problem is | a greater one than a conflict be- | EISEMAN’S Seventh and F The Season’s Newest SUIT FASHIONS 197> PAY $5 MONTHLY ‘We have gathered all the “best-sellers” in our great collection. 2-pe. soft suits, cas- ual swaggers, fitted types, the new jigger suits . . . they're all here in the colors and models you want. Sizes for women and misses. The 2-piece suit sketched has a removable Amer- ican fox collar, which may be used on sleeves or without. Fittedtweed coat — colors grey, tan and dawn. CHARGE IT! NOTHING DOWN PAY $5 MONTHLY STARTING IN APRIL Our charge prices are no higher than any strictly cash stere—if you can buy for less elsewhere, please return your purchase. charge account . .. pay as little Open a as $5 monthly, starting in April. - ‘ punish a murderer | are more temperate tween right and wrong. It is a clash | | generally between two rights. That | is what makes war in an \!'1118“ tional sense and what causes strikes in an industrial sense. The parties to a strike and to a war never attain the objectives for | which they are contending. They | merely attain the privilege to sit | ampund the table and talk about those | objectives. Therefore, if we can bring about the round-table ciscus- sion before the war or before the strike, the strife, the suffering and the loss in each case might be avoided. Man is a social creature, and all of man's activities are social in their | nature. We all know this fact when | we are thoughtful. You can not even without punish- ing the most imnocent of all persons, | the murderer's mother. Thus the | insistence upon rights and the insist- ence upon absolute justice sometimes wreck havoc upon those in whom we are the most interested. Emplyers in their firing habits, and employes are more te m-: perate in their threats to ke, walk out or sit down '.\!u-n ll\\’}' re- member their social nature and when each thinks of dependent women and children. How, then can we correct these ills in our industrial and labor life? Gov- | ernment by allowing one group to stay | a co-operative action definitely seems | to be standing in the way. But on| analysu it is not government, because govemmem itself very seldom initiates action in labor and industrial disputes. It is the groups who must be held responsible. To what extent should the public assume the responsibility to | see that these groups at least behave themselves and play within bounds? That is our problem First and foremost, above all other things, the public should insist that all phases of labor and industrial spy- ing should be done away with. The | spy in society has always been treated | with contempt. In war times he is | shot almost without ceremony. In | peace times, if he is discovered, he be- comes a pariah in society, and the reason for this is a very simple one Social intercourse and social rela- | and | than | and tions must be founded on trust. The mere thought of the presence of & spy destroys trust. Through use of spies the employer becomes dependent upon information which he cannot trust, upon men whose very business is un- reliable and uncertain, thus ultimately | destroying the employer's ability to think straight. The employe, realiz- ing that he is constantly watched, be- comes a victim of fear, which destroys his efficiency, his happiness, and inter- feres with his ability to get rest during his resting hours. In each case the element of fear enters and both employer and em- | ploye live in an atmosphere of un- reality because they live in the pres- ence of imaginary fears. Thus, the Spying system must be destroyed for the good of the spy, for the good of | those who use him and for the good of | the men against whom he is used. Makes—Never Cures—Trouble, The spying system makes for trouble instead of curing it. It breaks down peace efforts between the parties to a conflict, because the spy business thrives on disorder and distrust. It .| prevents the efforts of third parties who aid in solving differences, even | though the third parties be public | servants and representatives of the | Government, by preventing open and free discussion by implanting in Lhm hearts and minds of all suspicion even of those they deem their best fnends. The mutual relationship among employer, employe and the public | must be brought home to all con- | cerned. The happy medium between | the cynic's question, “Am I my broth- | er's keeper?” and the effect of a | probable answer and assertion, “This | is mine and I can do with it as I| want,” must in some way be reached. | These questions have been solved in many places. Therefore, they can be solved in all. They have been solved | voluntary organizations. They must never have forced upon them a legal entity strong enough to destroy the complete freedom of their members. Moral and not legal responsibility should be the aim. Simple registration will attain this, for by that act responsibility is im- plied; or better still it may he brought about by the open recognition on the part of an employer of a laboring group as having #li of the qualifica- tlons of a legal entity and using the force of public opinion upon the group to such an extent that it will as- sume its whole responsibility. The disciplining of the individual laborer, both as to standards of work- manship and social and economic be- havior on the one hand and his atti- tude toward his employer and toward his neighbor on the other, must be- come self-enforced. By that I mean that the employer should be relieved of these disciplinary measures. This can be done only by placing that re- | sponsibility on the laboring group. Public opinion will do the rest if it is understood by all that the responsi- bility is there. It is a tremendous asset to an em- ployer of a great number of laboring men to know that his grievances against the inefficiency or the misbe- to the advantage of all concernea, || | better in some phases of our indus-, trial life than they have in others, In general, in those great indus- tries where Federal regulation has been permitted, we find labor better disciplining itself, better organized doing more for its individual member than in those industries | which are dependent upon State law. | And we find also the owner and the employer more free from the fear of strikes and labor discontent, and on friendlier relations for the solution of troubles than in those industries | dependent only upon State law. Labor Must Be Responsioie. Labor in some way raust become more responsible for its group action it is today This could be brought about by giving labor organ- | izations the opportunity for becom- | ing legal entities, and in this way let them be responsible for their acts | indirectly for the acts of their | members. It must never be forgot- | ten that labor organizations are | > TheBest GRAY HAIR REMEDY IS MADE AT HOME 0U can now makeat homes. better gray hair remedy than you can buy, by following this simpie recipe: To balf pintof wateradd one ounce bay rum, & small box of Barbo Compound | and one-fourth ounce of | glycerine. Any druggist | can put this up or you can | mix it yourself at very little | eost. Apply to the bair twice a week until the desired shade in obtained. Barbo imparts color to streaked, faded or &ray hair, makes it soft and glossy and takes ears off your looks. 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In the wake of group responsibility and self-discipline will, of course, come that necessary institution to labor peace anywhere: Just and proper represen- tation for bargaining, for advising, for disciplining and for settling grievances which can be expressed through some medium recognized as the collective will, ’ Personnel departments and men en- | gaged in personnel work where great | numbers of men are employed must re- orient their entire aims and their ac- tivities. Too often personnel offices have been established and personnel | officers have been installed to handle the least important of all personnel work, that of hiring and firing, or to enforce a single theory of labor ac- | tivity. Industry generally has feared labor group action but in its own ac- tivities it has gravitated toward group action itself. Thus, that which it has thought good for itself it has feared in others. That has produced during side and guerilla action for the other. 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