Evening Star Newspaper, September 3, 1936, Page 10

'THE EVENING STAR ‘With Sunday Morning Editién. 3 WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSDAY. Septem! THEODORE W. NOYES. « Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company. Offee: 5: and Penmyivanta Ave. v Office: 110 Chicago st 42nd B¢, 3 ing. e g i Toke NocHijn Bunglsg Rate by Carrier Within the City. Regular Edition, - % 2 5 R{:' fi:.:‘l‘:: 3"2_"? per m¢ Thy g_an b Night Final Edition. m%: Final and Sunday Star-.-70c per mont| Or 11th New Y it Final Star. __55¢ per monti "Coilection” made at 1 tach mogth. ers may ebhone Na< Sional” 8000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. the end o be sent by mail or All Other States and Canas -1 yr. $12.00; 1 1 yr. $8.00: 1 yr, $5.00: 1 mo.. Member of the Associated Press. ‘The Assoclated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dispatches eredited to it or not otherwise cfifllfi'? n this as. mo., $1,00 mo.! ~ 7be 50¢ r and also the local news published herein. Efinflxhu of publication of speciel dispatches erein are also reserved. The Drought Conference. Today’s drought conference in Des Moines is valuable in that it directs public attention and thought, even for the brief period of the conference, to the subject under discussion. It as- sumes added prestige because of the presence of the President of the United States, who called this conference with seven Governors, and there is an- added note of color because of the meeting be- tween the President and Gov. Landon. Those experienced in the uses of pub- licity and advertising know the benefits to a cause gained by bringing it, even momentarily, under the national spot- light. Aside from that, however, the practi- cal benefits of such a conference may be written down as practically nothing. The President is meeting with seven Gov- ernors, all of whom, with one exception, face political battles of varying intensity in the November elections. Some of them will doubtless be defeated. In none of the seven States does the Legislature meet until next January, and nothing can be done in the enactment of drought appropriations or conservation programs until the Legislatures are in session. It is probable that among the Governors who attend today’s conference will be those who are not in a position, next January, to present any program to the Legislature, The recent recommendations of the drought committee, delivered to the President at the beginning +of his trip ‘West, showed plainly enough that any long-time drought or water conservation program is an intricate task that must be shared jointly by the Federal Gov- ernment and the States. But before the States are able to act intelligently Fed- eral legislation must be prepared and presented to Congress. The whole scheme of Federal participation in the program must be definite, laid down in the nature of a proposition to the States. At Des Moines the President is handicapped by the lack of even an approved Federal conservation program. Gov. Landon’s friends saw to the pub- lication, on the eve of the conference, of the Governor's own water-conservation program which he laid before the Presi- dent in 1934 and which took its place in some Washington pigeon hole for future reference. Although Gov. Landon was speaking only for Kansas at that time, his proposals were very similar in general outline to one of the main themes— water conservation—of the general drought program recently placed before the President. If he submitted nothing at today’s conference except a reiteration of this program, he would be fulfilling his part so far as concerns the sug- gestion of practical methods of Btate co-operation. —_——— Nobody in Spain seems to know why or by whom the Kane was bombed. Communism has always developed inci- dental suppression of news facilities such as to prevent lucid information as to what it is all about. The Trotzky Case. Having firmly and bravely declined to yield to the Soviet Union’s demand for Leon Trotzy's expulsion from Norway, the government of that sturdy little country has decided to intern the former Communist leader and, under rigid guard, to hold him strictly incommuni- cado as far as the outside world is concerned, Lenin's once all-powerful lieutenant will be kept under surveil- lance on & farm some thirty miles from Oslo and live there with his wife under the severest restrictions of his move- ments and activities. It will be virtually impossible for him to conduct any sort of dealings aimed at the destruction of the Stalin dictatorship or in any other subversive direction, Thus, for all practical purposes, Trotzky’s power for undercover machinations is now definitely shackled, and the red czars enthroned in Moscow may sleep more or less peacefully at night. Norway has gallantly preserved the long recogaized international tradition of asylum for political refugees, but Trotzky, for all of that, is rendered incapable of exploiting his safety on foreign soil as a base of operations for devious designs upon another government. The Soviet's demand upon Norway for Trotzky’s banishment followed the recent conviction and execution of a group of enti-Stalin conspirators, headed by the former Communist officials, Zinovieff and Kamenefl, who had incriminated their exile comrade in terroristic plot- tings intended to bring about the violent overthrow of the present wielders of power in the U. 8. 8. R. Moscow's com-= munication hinted in truculent terms that Norway's continued harboring of Trotzky would imperil the friendly rela- tions between the Oslo government and the Soviet Union. It implies no scintilla of sympathy with Trotzky or with polit- ical agitators of his stripe to commend the Norwegians for their resolute stand in defense of the principle of asyium, L THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 3, 1936. THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. which is almost as old as the of nations. 7They their right in rejecting Moscow’ perious proposal, just as they are une questionably exercising wisdom in effec- tively curbing the sort of shady and dangerous international meddling- in which the once zealous apostle of world revolution would undoubtedly indulge if- he were at liberty to employ his notorious talents for intrigue. Not the least suggestive moral of the Soviet-Norwegian incident is its un- deniable implication that Stalin and the group through which autocracy now holds sway in Russia do not feel as utterly certain of their position as it is persistently represented to the outside world. The recent “purge,” with its Trotzky aftermath, clearly indicates that the Communist dictatorship is consclous of the existence of conditions which may at any time undermine and disrupt its vaunted security. 5 Happy Daze Is Here Again. President Roosevelt, in a lengthy statement revising his 1937 national budget, sees a deficit on June 30 next of $2,097,000,000. This is the deficit for the present fiscal year only. It is, some of his supporters hasten to point out, the smallest deficit for any year during his administration. But what a deficit! Furthermore, the deficit now foreseen by the President is about $1,000,000,000 more than the deficit for this identical fiscal year predicted by the Chief Exec- utive in his budget message to Congress last January. The budget summation now put for- ward by the President is full of loop- Toles, of ifs and ands. He leaves open the possibility of a new request to Con- gress for additional relief for the unem= ployed and for drought sufferers. In the light of what *has been happening in the past, the possibility of such a re- quest becomes a probability. Such a request for more funds will depend upon & survey to be made early in 1837. The President surmises that if there is a demand for more relief funds it will not exceed a half a billion dollars. That, however, is a matter which is left to be determined later. The public debt, it now appears, is to reach the all-time high of $34,188,543,- 494 on June 30, 1937. According to the figuring of the President, this total pub- lic debt will be only $410,000,000 greater than the public debt on June 30 last. To the ordinary lay mind it would appear that if a deficit of $2,000,000,000 is to be expected at the close of the present fiscal year, the debt of the Na- tional Government would be increased by approximately that amount. There are, according to the President, certain offsetting advantages which must be considered in fixing the size of the pub- lic debt. It is planned, for example, to use money in the Treasury working balance. This working balance was brought to more than $2,000,000,000 by excessive borrowing to meet soldiers’ bonus and relief payments. In addition, there have been repay- ments on Government loans and in- creased revenues from taxation, to be charged against the deficit, when it comes to figuring the total public debt. The payment of the soldiers’ bonus on congressional mandate, the failure of the processing taxes when the Su- preme Court of the United States de- clared the original A. A. A. unconsti- tutional, and the upset by the same court of the Guffey coal act are declared to be largely responsible for the under- mining of the President's January budget. At that time it was fully under- stood, however, that there was every prospect of the bonus payment being ordered by Congress, and of the outlaw- ing of the A. A. A. and its processing taxes, as well as the outlawing of the Guffey coal act. It has been the habit of the administration to butt its head against stone walls when it comes to finances. The President’s summation of the 1937 budget comes on the heels of recent ‘White House pronouncements that no increases in taxes need be made by the new Congress. With a deficit now esti- mated at over two billion dollars and the probability that it may be increased by at least another $500,000,000, the sug- gestion that no new taxes will be needed takes on the complexion of & political pronouncement intended to have effect on the presidential election. In the past it may have been advisable for the administration to make its esti- mates of expenditures much in excess of receipts. When the spread between the two proved considerably less than expected it was hailed as an accomplish- ment of the New Deal adm'nistration. It is too close to an election, however, for any such tactics today. Estimates are pared to the limit. But what will be the final outcome when June 30, 1937, rolls round is another matter. At the time of the recent White House con- ference on taxation Secretary Morgen- thau declared: “With continued recov- ery we are steadily approaching a rev- enue yield which will be entirely ade- quate to cover the expenditures of Government and to reduce the public debt.” This latest estimate of deficit for the present fiscal year throws a harpoon into that statement. Planned Accuracy. It is possible to plan accurately. For example, the engineers responsible for the construction of the Midtown Tunnel under the Hudson River between Thirty- eighth street, Manhattan, and Wee- hawken, N. J, have demonstrated their capacity to figure the building of their traffic tube with such precision that, working from both ends, they finally “holed through” with a diversion of only one-half an inch in direction and one- eighth of an inch in elevation. Human mwohflywwummm- vincingly proven, But approximate perfection is the rule, rather than the exception in the experience of men. Of course, it also is true that there invariably is a margin of error. Nothing is one hundred per cent exact. Even the cosmos is supposed to be a trifie out of kelter. Yet the principle of predominant faultlessness ) remains.unaffected. If it were not so, the universe would have collapsed mil- lions of ages ago. Likewise, the in- habitants of the planet Earth would have continued to be physically, mentally and spiritually what the dictionary de- fines as “microscopic rhizopodous protozoans existing as masses of protoplasm.” Sclence, however, has discovered the law which is manifest in the vast con- fusion. It has learned that the amoeba 1s capable of changing. And that simple rudimentary power is the grandest truth of which the human mind can conceive. Ability to alter signifies potential im- provement, and the history of mankind, therefore, might be written in terms of progressive adjustment—the increasing, constant, consistent, irresistible advance of the race upward and onward toward the fulfilment of a godlike destiny. That is the meaning of the Bavior's message of fellowship and unity with the Almighty Father. Walt Whitman echoed His doctrine when he wrote: “In this broad earth of ours, Amid the measureless grossness and the slag, Enclosed and safe within its central heart Nestles the seed perfection.” A Pittsburgh judge went to jail for three days in order to learn exactly what a prisoner’s life is like. Having nothing on his conscience and the privilege of leaving at will, such an experience is only superficial. The time involved is not sufficient to wear off the novelty of an exploration that is cheered by the knowledge that cultivated and attentive audiences await a description of an in- teresting adventure. Facts should not encourage sightseers. There is already & disposition to forget that penal insti- tutions ought always to be taken seri- ously. ——— A Black Legion murder trial is a re- minder that the habitual “joiner” should at present be most careful of the com- pany he selects. An honest ballot with freedom of speech is all any patriot needs for the expression of opinion as to social betterment. —_————— A Vice President is seldom required to say much that is politically significant. Up to the present time Mr. Garner has been giving a rather better rehearsal for an old-fashioned rendition of the role than Col. Knox. Americans are advised to remain at home and instead of inspecting ancestral castles inspect the latest ideas in tourist camps. Shooting Stars. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The Price of Prominence. Some day, if you will study hard, oh, little barefoot boy, And go without the pleasures youth's accustomed to employ; If you will not go swimming or attempt 10 catch a fish, But carefully refrain from gratifying every wish, Perhaps you may be President or, more exalted still, A hero at whose name a grateful popu- lace will thrill. ~ Although your bill-of-fare be scant and from a kitchen crude, Fame may bring compensation for a lack of fun and food. Perhaps theyll put up statues to pre- serve your counterpart, And critics will regard you as & menace to true art. The children at their books of fear will never quite be rid; They can’t remember how you spelled your name and what you did. The mortal who performs his simple duty day by day May live in sweet contentment, missing neither work nor play. Though books and statuary may nhot celebrate his fame, He'll get his little tombstone and be happy just the same. Suspicious of Embellishment, “Do you pay enough attention to the art of oratory?” “I think so,” replied Senator Sorghum. “I don't want to be too good an orator. ‘There is danger of not being able to tell whether people are applauding what you say or the way you say it.” An Eye to Effect. “Is it true that you eat with your knife?” “Not always,” replied the representa- tive of a backwoods district; “only in public, where my constituents can see me.” Old and New. ©Old days and new days ‘They seem so far apart. We seem to get but few days Of real old-time art. ‘Where is old-time sentiment And real old-time song And pretty styles in clothes that went So gracefully along? And yet the crowds are smiling At passing jest and show, And fashions are beguiling As they were so long ago. The same old themes themselves renew ’Mid censure or acclaim, And old and new in long review Are pretty much the same, Jud Tunkins says one encouragement to unemployment is the fact that so many people seem to regard it as a luxury, The average crank is too obstinate to deserve the name. You can’t turn him. . The Race. Though yesterdays may leave a trace Of anger and regret, Tomorrow’s always in the race And is your one best bet. “I like & fnan dat tells de truth,” said Uncle Eben, “because I kin trust him. An’ I don’t mind & man dat tells a false- hood, cause I kin ketch him at it. But de man dat mixes up de two is terrible hard to keep up with.” \ / THE POLITICAL MILL BY G. GOULD LINCOLN. ‘The meeting of “progressives,” to de- clare to: “m:nn-eucum of President Roosevelt, reports are correct, is to be held in Chicago September 11, Sen- ator Robert M. La Follete, jr., of Wis- consin set the ball rolling weeks ago when he anounced that such a conference would be staged. It was at a progres. sive conference in Washington back in 1931 that SBenator George W. Norris of Nebraska made his famous remark that what the country needed was “another Roosevelt.” Norris, who is working now for the re-election of Roosevelt, will be one of the leaders at the coming pro- gressive conference, it is said. Another is expected to be Maydr Fiorella La Guardia of New York. * ok ok X La Guardia’s participation in a con- ference called to indorse President Roosevelt for re-election may have defi- nite political repercussions. There has been talk that the President might get behind the candidacy of La Guardia for re-election next year as Mayor of Greater New York. What a pleasant thing that would be for Tammany Hall to contemplate. La Guardia, who has been at odd times a Republican and a Socialist, was elected Mayor on a Fusion ticket, after the Tammany candidate had been thoroughly trounced. The Roosevelt Democrats in New York at that time put in the fleld a candidate of their own for Mayor. He only made the going easier for La Guardia. It is widely rumored that Tammany does not look with favor on President Roosevelt and his first lieutenant, Chair- man James A. Farley of the Democratic State Committee of New York and also of the Democratic National Committee. There is a suspicion that Tammany will, do a lot of knifing of the Democratic presidential ticket in New York. If it is generally expected that La Guardia is to be the pet of the administration in the next mayoralty race, there is little doubt Tammany will do little to help in the re-election of the President. The Democratic New Dealers are relying upon a big vote in New York City to offset the lead which Gov. Landon will have upstate, in order to carry the Empire State for the President. If Tammany runs out, or takes a walk, the chances for Roosevelt in his home State will be considerably lessened. * % k8 ‘The progressive conference may, it is said, consider plans for 1940. Indeed, it is understood that La Follette said as much to other progressive Senators when he was in Washington about the time of the adjournment of Congress. It seems, however, that to take third-party plans for 1940 when there is a presidential election right in the offing is futile and perhaps only a camouflage for the real work of the conference, which will be to bring about, if possible, the re-election of President Roosevelt. There will be several progressive Democrats at the conference, among them Senators Wag- ner of New Yok and Bone of Washing- ton. Their particular interest right now is the November victory of Roosevelt. The death of Gov. Floyd B. Olson of Minnesota leaves something of a hole in this progressive conferente. Senator E. A. Benson, Farmer-Laborite, of Min- nesota and a candidate for Governor, will seek, in part, to fill this gap. The death of Olson, however, was a real blow to the Roosevelt people in Minnesota. It was Olson, dynamic leader, with whom the Roosevelt Democrats dealt, and it was to Olson they looked for a large Farmer-Labor vote for Roosevelt in the presidential election and for other favors, LI Evidence that the Roosevelt New Deal- ers are moving heaven and earth to win at the polls next November is not lacking. President Roosevelt is hurrying back to ‘Washington from the drought regions of the West to deliver a Nation-wide radio address on Sunday night. In it he is expected to talk about the drought situation and also to make an important announcement about the employment of those workers who have been on relief and relief projects. Roosevelt’s journey into the drought regions has been dubbed a clear bid for votes, just as was his recent visit to those regions which suf- fered last Spring from disastrous floods. And his coming radio address, no matter how it is labeled, will be another bid for votes, and so interpreted. Members of the cabinet are girding themselves for the campaign, among them Miss Perkins, of Labor, who is hurrying back from Europe to do her bit. And now the Works Prog- ress Administration has promulgated a ruling that workers on these relief proj- ects are to be permitted to take time off to vote in the election without any danger of their losing time and money. They are to be permitted to rearrange their work schedules so that they will be protected in their earnings if they are a couple of hours or more off to vote on November 3. The W. P. A. officials claim that this is not a political move. ‘They say that it will give the workers a chance to vote, and to vote any ticket they desire. But it is a safe bet that it would break the hearts of the admin- istration if these relief workers do not step up and pull the lever or mark their ballots for Roosevelt. * X KX In the light of all the charges that have been made about coercing the W. P. A. workers to register and vote the Democratic ticket, the new order now put out seems pretty flagrant, despite the protest of Harry L. Hopkins and others that politics are kept out of the W. P. A. Following rapidly on the heels of the publication of the Repub- lican National Committee of a “secret memorandum” issued by Mr. Hopkins apparently as a complete guide to the art of propaganda, the order permitting the workers to take time off to vote is bound to cause a lot of conversation. The - Republican National Committee called attention to the huge number of writers who are being given employ- More sunflowers are glowing in local nmuflchtmthmemmmln This 1s not political, but solely horti- cultural. They were planted by the birds last iter. Sunflower seed is the favorite of the cardinals at feeding stations. Many other birds like these large, comparatively soft, seeds. Often they seize one, fly away, drop it while aloft. Down goes the sunflower seed, to be ready for Spring sprouting. PR All residents who fed the birds last Winter have sunflower plants and flow- ers today. Many of them are to be seen in vacant lots. Sunflower seed is an important part of all wild bird seed mixtures, used on feeding tables and in devices. The resulting plants aro weedlike, but really beautiful, especially at the rear of gardens and in fence corners. Practically all of these bird-sown plants are the old-fashioned sort, run- ning up to 8 to 15 feet in the sunshine, less in part sun, The blossoms are as large as your head, with a giant disk of seeds, sur- rounded by the bright rays which so appropriately name the plant and flower. Even poets have succumbed to the lure of this healthy, robust, husky specimen “of the plant world. A poem to its splendors may be found in the complete works of the English mystic, William Blake. * Kk * In the home garden, however, the sun- flower is anything in the world except mystic. | It is too tall, too rampant a grower, its flower too assertive, to permit the average gardener to feel anything ex- cept plain everyday affection for it. In country towns it was always a favorite, not only for ease of growth and beauty in the fence corner, but also as a source of chicken food. So entwined in the average mind was this picture of utility and country town planting that most city people, if they did not look down on the plant, exactly, yet refused to plant it, owing to a secret feeling that it was too countryfled for city use. It was this feeling, no doubt, which led to the production of shorter and smaller species of sunflowers. Some of these grow no more than 3 to 4 feet high, with yellow disks in propor- tion. The flowers of these, instead of being as big around as dinner plates, are re- duced to teacup size, yet still retain the bright color which gives them their name, *® x % This yellow is glowing (hence our first sentence) with all the warmth of its great namesake. If you like yellow flowers—and who does not?—there is always a place in the garden for sunflowers, along with the more usual ornamentals which are planted in most city and suburban gar- dens. After all, only its commonness keeps many persons from regarding it with the same delight they do their new and fancy strains of marigolds. Some of the newer sorts are peculiarly glowing—almost as bright as the old- fashioned sunflower! owerdom, ~ Especial i socns Temiies some such as the tulips and others. In the Darwin strain of the former, for instance, yellows are sadly lacking. This lack was made up for by using some good yellows found in the cottage tulips, which bloom at the same time. Only during the last two or three years has a really good all-over yellow been seen in the gladioli. ¢ - * X % % Yellow is not, therefore, a common color any more than any other. It all depends upon where you find it. The love for bright yellow flowers seems to be universal. Children and their elders, connoisseurs and plain back yard gardeners, all unite in an hon- est admiration of the radiance of such tinted petals. In flower combinations, especially for vnufl.mthere are urew more beautiful groupings than yellow snaj ons and blue delphinium. P Which is the important side of this two-color arrangement, may be a ques- tion with some, but it is solved to the satisfaction of others easily enough. Simply take away the yellow snap- dragons—and you will see the magic of the combination vanish at once. If pale pink gladioli are grouped with the snap- dragons, the result is still very charming. * X x X It must be the yellow, therefore, which gives the “charm” and “glamour,” as the movies say. Yellow is such a satisfactory color that many persons tend to be afraid of it. In this tendency they are aided and abetted by an expressed belief, based on quarter knowledge of psychology, that to like yellow is to reveal things about one’s self which ought not to be revealed. No more absurd idea ever came out of the Dark Ages, let alone the twentieth cen- tury, but it has been expressed in all sincerity. The only way to counteract such es- sential silliness is to defy it with plenty of yellow flowers on every hand. Surely this is what most people do. Yellow flowers are abundant everywhere, not only because they are beautiful, but mostly because they are easy to grow. The yellow color of vegetables, such as in the carrot, is the color of the pro- vitamin A, which, taken into the system, becomes transformed there intg vitamin A itself. There can be little doubt of the good effect of this vitamin on the human sys- tem. Its action, according to the best authorities, is to tone up the mucous membranes everywhere in the system, thus rendering and keeping them at the proper state of moisture. It seems that even inner membranes tend to dry out, as witness the beginnings of a cold, or certain eye diseases. The good effects on persons susceptible to colds, eye and skin diseases may be noticed. Only re- cently the writer here saw a cat cured completely of eczema in a month by the inclusion of 15 drops of carotene in cot- ton seed oil per day in the diet. To get this much pro-vitamin A in carrots, one would have to eat many bushels a day, an obvious impossibility. Maybe the birds are right, after all, and know exactly what they are doing when they eat seeds from those yellow- est of flowers, the stnflowers, STARS, MEN AND ATOMS Notebook of Science Progress in Field, Laboratory and Study. BY THOMAS R. HENRY. Compassion and mother love have their beginnings in the first two years of life and the mechanism of their evolu- tion may be observed in groups of chil- dren. There is nothing mystical or other- worldly about thein, according to obser- vations on Montreal foundlings reported to the Child Development Committee of the National Research Council here by Dr. Katharine M. Bridges, assistant pro- fessor of psychology at McGill Univer- sity. During the first two years of life, Dr. Bridges found, the child does not differ- entiate clearly between the self and others. It constitutes a whole with its environment. Thus the infant responds emotionally to the situations of others as well as to its own. He treats his doll or favorite playmate as though they were parts of himself by patting, feed- ing, dressing, etc. The child apparently identifies himself with familiar persons as a sort of extending ego, and resists the intrusion of strangers. Between 2 and 3, Dr. Bridges found, the child’s own personality seems to be- come isolated. There is a period of op- position to everything which lasts for about a year. Then, between the third and fourth year, there is a modified re- turn to the former attitude with much more selectiveness. Here, says Dr. Bridges, is the beginning of maternal protectiveness, a drive which may owe part of its strength to this iden- tification of the self with members of the family or social set. Even animals, she holds, probably protect their young as parts of themselves. It is well known, she says, that as soon as young animals show signs of independent activity the mother leaves them to take care of them- selves and shows no further interest in them. Says Dr. Bridges in her report to the National Research Council: “There is no sex difference noticeable in this self projection and personal identification in the social behavior of the child. Boys have their doll attachments and boss or protect smaller children just as do the girls. Both sexes of infants show & preference for nurses and mothers among the adults, on account of the comforting treatment received from them. “Sex differences in'behavior and pref- érence for companions are mainly social- ly determined. The behavior and re- marks of adults versed in local traditions influence and determine certain types of portment among the children. Sex and minor importance in the general gflmnfl¢ -utility motive of the growing “It is generally agreed that, on the whole, the boys are more boisterous in their play activities than the girls. In a pre-school group girls may be seen to girls and the more delicate boys are apt to show greater sympathy and kindness in their behavior. This is not an original sex difference but a matter of relative strength of constitution and difference of experience. Robust girls may be very bossy and rough in their protective be- havior. Children who are often jll may understand better the suffering of others, but on account of their weakness and the pleasant pampering they generally receive they are apt to be exacting in their social demands and indifferent to the needs of others.” Not only does the pre-school child identify his best friends with himself, Dr. Bridges says, but actually behaves as if he were they. One of the best ways to study the nature and relative strengths of a child’s own drives, she points out, is to watch its treatment of dolls or playmates with whom it identifies itself. It treats them as it is accustomed to be treated and has them do what it wants them to do. In the same way, she says, the role that it selects to act out is ex- pressive of its own drives and ambitions, even if it is merely to squirm along the ground like an alligator. A curious point brought out in the study of the Montreal foundlings was the fact that some of the most powerful drives have periods of recurring domi- nance throughout the childhood period. Sociability, contrariness, aggression, al- truistic kindness and conservative acqui- sitiveness showed recurrent waves of dominance. But each time, Dr. Bridges says, the behavior took a slightly differ- ent form and has reference to a different class of objects or specific persons. Such periodic variations did not appear at quite the same age levels for all chil- dren, although there was considerable correspondence, “They could no doubt be accounted for,” she says, “by factors of general growth and maturation, organic and cli- matic changes, health, social customs and the primary urge for balance and integrity. In all probability recurrence of the dominant strength of certain drives might be traced throughout the life span.” —_————— Lemke’s Claims. Prom the Illinois State Journal. Representative Willlam Lemke, Union party candidate for President, now claims 13 States, including Illinois, which has already been claimed by Farley and Hamilton. Apparently the idea is to count your chickens bef they've hatched. . Royal Matrimony. From the Council Bluffs Nonpareil. One by one royal women eligible to become the wife of King Edward are married off. If he waits long enough he may get a chance to wed a commoner, after all. The Big One Escaped. Prom the South Bend Tribune. A 4-ton fish was caught near the Nova Scotian coast—but you should havo seen ‘the one that got away. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN., A reader can get the answer to a.y questio.. , fact by writing The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. Please inclose stamp for reply. Q. While on my vacation I desire to read one or two old which are rec- ognized as standard literature. Will you please recommend something.—L. A. A. A library official suggests that you make one or two selections from the fole lowing: “Don Quixote,” by Cervantes; “Les Miserables,” by Hugo; “Tale of Two Cities,” by Dickens; “Tom Sawyer,” by Mark Twain; “Count of Monte Cristo,” by Dumas, and “The Light That Falled,” by Kipling. Q. Who won the Soap Box Derby at Akron, Ohio?—L. F. A. Herbert Erich Muench, jr, of St. Louis, Mo., won the All-American and International Soap Box Derby. The runner-up in the contest was Harold Hansen of White Plains, N. Y. Q. Do animals have hay fever?—J. W. A. No animal has been known to suffer from this disease. Q. What is the charge at the Adler Planetarium in Chicago?—R. W. R. A. Free days are Wednesday, Saturday and Sunday. The admission on other days is 25 cents. Q. Is there any truth in the idea that the sting of a bee makes a muskmelon sweet?—M. L. A. The Bureau of Plant Industry says this is not true. It is natural for some melons to be sweeter than others. Q. Do many dairymen use paper milk containers?—F. R. L. A. In 1935 paper-base milk containers constituted more than one-third of the total sales of all types of milk bottles or containers. Q. What is the age and batting aver- age of Genevieve Smithers, soft-ball player?>—K. R. A. The star second basewoman of the Memphis, Tenn., girls’ soft-ball team has a batting average of .600, Q. Is the Smithsonian Institution in ‘Washington, D. C., endowed?—W. L. A. Its endowment is now more than $1,500,000. Q. When was the stenotype machine patented?—V. K. A. It was patented by Ward Stone Ireland, April 1, 1913. Q. What postage stamp bore a likeness of Pocahontas?—S. J. F. A. The 5-cent stamp, dark blue in color, gave a likeness of Pocahontas, the Indian princess whose name is so inter- woven with the story of Jamestown and John Smith. This stamp was issued May 3, 1907. Q. Do all States have the same regula- tions regarding the practice of medi- cine?—W. C. A. Each State has its own laws and regulations governing the practice of medicine, and these are by no means uniform. Q. How many members has the Cater- pillar Club?—E. J. H. A. This is a club to whose membership fiyers are automatically elected when they have to save their lives by using parachutes. It now has a membership of 805. Q. Of what does perspiration consist? ~L. G. A. About 2 per cent of solid matter is present in the moisture exuded by the skin. This consists of salt; formic, acetic, butyric and other fatty acids, neutral fats and cholestrin. Q. Who invented tableaux?—L. H. A. Tableaux or living pictures are said to have been invented by Mme. de Gen- lis when she had charge of the education of the children of the Duke of Orleans. Q. Which is better to prevent erosion, contour farming or strip cropping?— P.T. A. The Soil Conservation Service says that contour farming is a fine way to reduce run-off and erosion on sloping fields, but that strip cropping is even betigr. Q. Is it true that the Wall Street Journal is the house organ of some financial firm?—D. M. A. While this publication is owned by Dow, Jones & Co., an established broker- age firm of high repute, it is not a house organ. The Journal has long specialized in financial news and com- ment, and its detailed reports are highly valued by the business world. Dow, Jones & Co. were the inventors of the ticker system and their ownership of the Journal is a business venture on its own merits. Q. What are the names of the Keys quadruplets?>—E. R. A. The Keys sisters of Hollis, Okla., are named Roberta, Mary, Mona and Leota. Q. Is the flesh of the coot edible?— R. A. Usually it is of a rank flavor, but when the bird is fattened on water cel- ery the flesh is said to rival that of the canvasback duck as a table bird. Long-Term Insurance. Prom the Lowell Leader. A barber in Hatboro, Pa., ate 366 ap- ples in 2 hours 6 minutes the other day. Barring any ill effects, that ought to keep the doctor away for some time to come. Who Recalls Technocracy? Prom the Portsmouth (Ohio) Times. ‘When you feel inclined to despair, re- member that technocracy also seemed to threaten the end of everything. Old Ropes. Prom the Muskegon Chronicle. A San PFrancisco sailor has a lifetime collection of old ropes. He must have saved all of his Christmas cigars. A Rhyme at Twilight B f Gertrude Brooke Hamilton Submission.