Evening Star Newspaper, March 12, 1936, Page 3

- EDWARD VINACTIVE IN TREATY CRISIS Suggested Parley Be Held in London, British Rumors Say. Special Dispatch to The Star. LONDON, March 12 (N.ANA)— It is no secret that King Edward VIII has shown, during the first major z:llh of his reign, that he will not content with the position of a mere observer of foreign affairs, There is good reason for supposing that the royal influence may have had weight with Prime Minister Baldwin when he agreed to an overnight re- versal of the plans of the Locarno powers for dealing with Germany's denunciation of the treaty and re- occupation of the Rhineland. Foreign Minister Eden left Lon- don for Paris with Lord Halifax on Monday aftneroon. On the following morning, the Locarno powers, with- out Germany, were in conference at the Quai d'Orsay and were soon facing a deadlock. Mr. Baldwin went to Buckingham Palace that morning, in response to a summons from his maj- esty, who canceled a previous engage- ment so that he might hear from the prime minister's own lips the latest developments of a situation which held for him most vital interests not only as a sovereign, but as a student of foreign affairs. It is widely rumored in London that, acting on his wide knowledge of men and events, to which he himself re- ferred in his recent broadcast to the empire, the King suggested to the prime minister that London would offer a happier setting for the meet- ing, which will be of such vital im- portance to the world, than either Paris or Geneva, where the atmos- phere has often proved far from con- ducive to conciliatory counsels. The King, during the long years of his apprenticeship to the throne as the Prince of Wales, steadily and systematically acquired a knowledge of European politics that already rivals that of his father, the late King George V. Edward VIII has been called “Great Britain's first am- bassador.” It is no mere phrase, for he possesses diplomatic gifts of no mean order. There are several bits of internal | evidence which have led political ob- | servers to the belief that, in the| present critical situation. the King has used those gifts. The news from Paris. which the King knows has a bad record of lost tempers and over- hasty decisions, is said to have been anxiously reviewed at Buckingham Palace. | The King, like his grandfather, the seventh Edward, is a good European, eand if he, too, has an ambition to be called “the peacemaker,” it is certain that Europe has never had greater need of him. The sovereign, of course, can act only through his indirect influence, but it is no secret that in the last reign there were oc- | casions, notably during the national crisis of 1931, when representations from Buckingham Palace had a pro- found bearing on political events. (Copyright. 1936. by the North American Newspaper Alliance. Inc.) German (Continued From Pirst Page.) by Reichsfuehrer Hitler would be withdrawn. The German government said the nation would prefer “honorable isola- tion” rather than to be discriminated against by other nations. Cabinet Has Meeting. This British policy developed from three successive meetings of Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin's cabinet, in the consensus of diplomatic circles, while statesmen of the Locarno powers assembled. France’s foreign minister, Pierre- Etienne Flandin, demanding a retreat of the Nazi troops from the left bank | of the Rhine before the powers con- | sider the offers of new treaties which | Adolf Hitler extended simultaneously with the violation of the Locarno pact, declared upon his arrival for the conferences: “I have every confidence in the ul- timate issue of the conversations which have been begun.” Diplomats said Britain was turn- ing to acceptance of France’s condi- tions as a preliminary to opening New negotiations, based on Der Fuehrer's proposals for an entire new security system. While willing to negot:ate with the Reich, diplomatic sourcs said, the other Locarno natians — Britain, France, Belgium and Italy—could not do 50 as long as they were faced with the actual unilateral treaty violation committed by Germany's occupation last Saturday of the Rhineland. They expressed beliaf that if Britain could persuade Hitlev to reduce his Rhineland army to t¥t “symbolical” force referred to in his Reichstag speech Saturday, theve would be a much more hopeful outlook for easing the situation. This swing of British opinion, in- formed sourver said, gave France a virtual united lLocarnc front against Germany. French ofcials already claimed the full backing of Belgium and the tenta- tive support of Italy, the oiher two powers represented in the conference, called to discuss how to deal with Ger- many’s treaty violations. Others Back France. Outside the conference room, France maintained the backing of Soviet Russia, Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia, Rumania, Poland, Greece and Turkey. ‘The renewed deliberations, switched suddenly to London after the first meeting of representatives of the Lo- carno pact signatories at Paris Tues- day failed to result in an agreement, opened with a British cabinet meeting. A final plotting of Britain's policy was undertaken after the ministers met in their regular session yesterday e — SPECIAL NOTICES. -LOAD RATES ON FULL a1l points within 1.000 pa ans. iaranteed service, moving also. Phone National 1460. DEL. ASS0C.. INCo 1317 N Y. ave. M At o o o DA PR D FART ther Eastern s, dable Bervie Bince 1808 € N Ice R SPER & STORAGE RETURN- part loads to : padded v Preaue “Dependable AVIDSON TRAN CO.. phone Decatur 2500. TO NOTI &"fixmu day . fixtures, etc.. of West E: ms e sa . etropolitan Bank Building. CHAMBERS ¥, g5 o the Taresst kers. S aw Colombis 0433° Biz 1108 o__Atiantie s‘?m HERE'S A ROOFER Toots. OUE 2eputation 10F soad roof wor m:-fl 'ht;g we m“:ruu‘: &t any aug us serve you. § 05Vl . . ROSRS i COMPANY [} No. 1—The latest portrait of Princess Margaret Rose of England, who'll be 6 years old next August. She's the second child of the Duke and Duchess of York and a poten- tial ruler of the British Empire. No. 2—Ten-year-old Princess Elizabeth, older of the two daugh- ters of the Duke and Duchess. No. 3—The most recent portrait of the Duchess of York. No. 4—Prince Albert Frederick, Duke of York, brother of King Edward VIII. He's next in line for the British throne. —A. P. Photos. morning and heard reports in an emergency meeting last night from Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden and | Viscount Halifax, lord privy seal. Baldwin himself was believed to be | playing an important part in the negotiations, with Eden and Halifax. Concession From Reich. Diplomatic sources believed Britain’s | policy was still directed toward at- tempts to negotiate for the non-ag- | gression treaties and air pact which Hitler suggested, but with probable efforts to obtain concessions first from | the Reich. The cabinet meeting, determining | | Britain’s stand, preceded the private conversations of the Locarno power statesmen this afternoon in the old cabinet room, an ante-room of the Locarno chamber of the foreign office, where the pact guaranteeing Western European peace and the demilitarized | Rhineland zone was signed 10 years and 3 mogths ago by the five powers. With the British and French del- egates, Dino Grandi, Italian Ambas- sador in London, represented Italy, and Premier Paul Van Zeeland rep- resented Belgium. The conversations of the statesmen were expected to continue on into the late evening, with a communique probably to be issued upon adjourn- ment. Germany was not represented and was believed to be virtually isolated from foreign support—with only the Reich army seen as supporting its actions. League Session Awaited. Diplomatic quarters outside the con- ference room became engaged in in- tense activity as a preliminary also to the meeting of the Leagiie of Nations Council, called for Saturday at St. James’ Palace, to consider the French and Belgian protests against Ger- many's unilateral denunciation of Locarno. Stanley M. Bruce of Australia president of the League Council, ar- | rived late last night on the same train that bore French Foreign Minister Flandin, Flandin conferred early today with Charles Corbin, French Ambassador in London, to learn of the latest develop- ments in the British policy. Chamberlain Hits Germany. Reflecting the trend of British opinion, Sir Austen Chamberlain, one of the artisans of the Locarno pact. criticized Germany's violation of the demilitarized zone as an “act of bru- tal force.” He told the Cambridge University Conservative Association, in an ad- dress at Cambridge on the eve of the deliberations: “Once again we are asking ourselves, is any treaty made with Germany more than a scrap of paper.” The British cabinet met at 11 am. (6 am. E. 8. T), for the third time in two days, to make its final deci- sions and to prepare its plans for the meeting of the Locarno powers this afternoon and the League Council session Saturday. ‘The reports that Britain would press Hitler to make a symbolic conciliatory @ gesture, as evidence of good faitk, to smoothe the way for France to enter into security negotiations, circulate at Whitehall as well as in diplomatic quarters. May Make No Demands. Government circles felt it probable, | however, that Britain would stop short of making any demands at this pre- carious time, although leaning to the French side for some German conces- sion. Britain, through Eden's speech to the House of Commons Monday, im- mediately after the crisis was precipi- tated, was already committed 1o con- sideration of Hitler's proposals. Observers believed the British would not retreat from that stand, but would bend their fullest resources and their powers of persuasion to try to assure Hitler & hearing—without alienating France. The stiff attitude of France, how- ever, presented the major obstacle to conciliatory gestures. Diplomats expressed surprise at Flandin’s statement reminding British of their obligations under the Locarno pact. The German Embassy entered into intense activity, the whole staff being in consultation. Clash May Be Bitter. Some pessimism was evident in French quarters, where apprehension still persisted that there might be a bitter clssh of views with the British, caught between two fires and undecid- ed whether to side with France or Germany, although seeking some Ger- man concession. The meeting of Prime Minister Baldwin's cabinet ended at 12:05 p.m. (7:05 a.m., Bastern standard time) and no further immediate sessions were arranged. Eden and Lord Halifax remained at No. 10 Downing street after the other cabinet ministers depArted. Considerable speculation arose as to whether they, with Prime Minister Baldwin, might be going to Bucking- ham palace to see King Edward VIII before proceeding to the Locarno con- ference. Eden, Lord Helifax, Walter Runci- man and Neville Chamberlain lunched ITALIAN GERMAN Class Limited to 8 st Ll M at 7 and 8 P.M. CURIOSITIES ,@M Coal in Novecaine MOl liiriiiiiza ANNARNAAANNANANANNNANANARNARRRRNY America’s finest coal). 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Eden was to preside. Flandin, Am- | bassador Grandi of Italy and Premier Van Zeeland of Belgium were to be present with three experts each. Maxim Litvinoff, foreign commissar of Russia, and Nicholas Titulescu, foreign minister of Rumania, will ar- | rive tonight, Joseph Beck, foreign minister of | Poland, will arrive tomorrow. FRANCE COUNTS 40,000,000 MEN. (Copyright. 1936, by the Associated Press.) PARIS, March 12.—France, drop- | ping official hints that she might pre- | fer a “preventive war” with Nazi Ger- many now to “carnage” later, hastened | today to cement a chain of military | | alliances which would place a poten- tial army of 40,000,000 men at her disposal. A possible allied army of that mag- nitude was disclosed in new, if unof- ficial, figures to be based on an al- liance of France, Soviet Russia, the Little Entente and Poland, and to embrace: 1. For 48-hour mobilization—8,000,~ 000 men. 2. Additional trained reserves—3il,- 000,000 men. 3. Eight thousand airplanes. 4. A million tons of warships. Threat of League Withdrawal. The new military calculations were made as Foreign Minister Flandin, at London, brandished the threat of French withdrawal from the League ‘This picture shows a scene’’ in ington. 100 C. 'THURSDAY, MARCH 12, 1936. —— BERLIN THREATENS| Rhine Crisis Laid to Schachs Influence to Gain Revenues 10 RESCIND OFFER Will Withdraw Peace Plans if Demands Are Made. By the Assoclated Press. BERLIN, March 12.—The German government declared today that if any attempt should be made to demand of Germany that she renounce any of her sovereign rights, Reichsfuehrer Hitler's peace offers must be consid- ered withdrawn. In a statement issued publicly, the Government said: “Should our conception that the only pacification of Europe is built up upon the voluntary decisions and ac- tions of equal European states and peoples not find acceptance by other governments, the German government will, of course, withdraw its proposals and, resting upon the dependability and the historic ‘will in appreciation of sacrifice of the German people, from now on rather’ choose hoporable isolation than to live as a nation dis- criminated against in the community of others.” ¢ The Wilhelmstrasse viewed a French threat of secession from the League of Nations—which Germany is willing to re-enter—as proof that France will not let the League “work against her.” An official declaration was issued replying to “various press reports and the utterances of foreign statesmen.” The declaration was chiefly calcu- lated to show that France was so heavily armed and had so many allies and guarantors for her security that the Franco-Soviet pact was both un- necessary and unjustifiable. The declaration’ charged that if France still fears for her security, despite the Locarno pact, “the French government should at least have re- ported that fact previously to the powers of the Locarno pact in order to attempt either to build this new measure for security into the Lo- carno pact itself.or at least to bring it completely into line with it.” The declaration gave a resume of France's position when France had military alliances with Belgium, Czechoslovakia and Poland. “As these were defensive alliances,” said the declaration, “and as Germany has no aggressive intentions with reference to France or these other states, they were not regarded by Ger- many as conflicting with the Locamo pact and were accepted without fur- ther ado.” The statement then charged that France massed troops on the German border and built formidable fortresses there. A foreign office spokesman said also that Russien France in her demand for punitive League action against Germany demonstrated the Franco-Soviet pact “had more behind it than was admitted.” — e of Nations to compel Great Britain to join in chastising Hitler for his armed march to the Rhine. At home the PFrench Senate took up the question of final parliamen‘ary ratification of the Franco-Soviet mu- tual assistance pact. Linked to France either directly or through a common ally are Russia, Rumania, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Poland, Belgium, Greece, Turkey, Persia and Afganistan. France has not stopped at that, latest projects on the long list of warproof pacts includ- ing a five-power treaty to defend Austria’s independence, a mutual as- sistance agreement between Russia and Rumania and a plan to put teeth in the League Covenant. Count on British Aid. France has counted, too, on British friendship, though no treaty has been signed. She has been confident of re- newed alliances with Italy when the Ethiopian war is out of the way. Great Britain, officials insisted, must back France to save the League. France will not be satisfied with “gestures,” they said, and Germany must remove “at least 70 per cent” of her troops from the Rhineland. French officials estimated German troops in the zone to total 90,000 by now, as against 100,000 French soldiers along the border. French aerial defenses were con- sidered late yesterday at a special meeting of the High Military Commit- tee, under Premier Albert Sarraut. The Chamber of Deputies Army Com- mission sent a six-man delegation to inspect border fortifications, and 20 Deputies, in a pilgrimage to Verdun, revived World War memories. “eagerness” to back | * BY LEMUEL F. PARTON. The State Department is under- standably cautious and reserved with regard to the Rhineland crisis. It has & vast amount of information, and it tained by putting this and that to- gether, With only one or two letters ;nhl:;l, salient letal seem to spell Hjalmar [Malmar Schacht. Horace Greeley Schacht. ‘The tall, stiff-necked obdurate min- ister of finance, facing urgent box~ office problems, has taken a stand against the more romantic and expen- sive trimmings of the German re- surgence and has prevailed in a drive for a new economic relationship with surrounding powers. The Rhineland move is for home consumption, in the belief that France alone won't start war and that neither England nor the League will take summary action. Fi- nancial and economic stress, in Herr Schacht’s department, induced the sudden diplomatic putsch. Herr Schacht, with certain astute and po- litically educated army leaders, has prevailed against the more rampant Nazis—realists winning over romantics. Thus the German enigma is inter- preted here. His parents lived in New York and one of his brother’s was born there. The family returned to Schleswig- Holstein and Hjalmar . Schacht was born there. The Horace Greeley was carried in his name for years, but has been dropped as a connotation of decadent democracy. At the three universities where he studied, he dis- closed something like genius in fi- | famous banker and was financial ad- viser to the German administration of Belgium during the World He rose to power during the post- war epoch. Voluble and versatile, temperamental, formidable when angry, heavily accoutred with facts and statistics, but shrewd and re- sourceful withal, he was a good ground-gainer for the Weimar Repub- lic. He disclosed leanings toward | liberalism—talked about it, at any GERMANS IN TURKEY CALLED FOR SERVICE Classes of 1914 to 1917 Must Re- port Immediately for Mili- tary Training. By the Assoclated Press. | German consulates in Turkey ordered [ German subjects belonging to the classes of 1914 to 1917 today to re- port immediately for military service at the consulates’ expense. All other Germans were directed to be ready to report at a moment’s notice. At Berlin officials said all consuls abroad are putting into effect orders published in the official gazette March |7 that Germans born in 1914, 1915 |and 1916 and residing in the respec- tive consular jurisdictions, must report immediately for military service, oe- ginning October 1. ——— 20th CHILD BORN | California Mother Hopes It Will Be Last Addition. LOS ANGELES, March 12 (P)— | Patrick Alkire, weighing 7 pounds 2 ounces, made his appearance yes- terday, the twentieth child born to Mrs. Rachael Alkire, 41, of Bell, Calif. “I know I love Pat just as much as any of the others,” said the mother, “but I hope he is the last child in our family.” Veteran Comedian Returns. HOLLYWOOD, March 12 (#)— After a long retirement, Harry Depp, former well-known stage comedian, returned to the greasepaint yester- day. Depp, one of the original “Pink Lady” company and now nearing 60, has been assigned a role in a Joe E. Brown comedy. HUGH REILLY PAINTS o Nearly 50 years ago (as today) Washing- ton bought its paints at Hugh Reilly's. Scenes have changed—new buildings, new styles have appeared—but the preference for Hugh Reilly paints has endured. Peo- ple know they can depend on Hugh Reilly for quality, service and complete satisfac- tion in all purchases. REILLY RECOMMENDS DU HOUSE PAINT Regular Colors s A properly balanced, scientifically Pared paint—durable, A ally clear permanency of color. DPu Pont Floor & Deck All Colors For interior and exter on e St $1.05 Qte k and v PONT $3.30 Gal. oty 95e Qt. Slight!; of tone and (wnfi;flmfn ly $3.73 Gal. 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