Evening Star Newspaper, January 14, 1936, Page 1

WEATHER. (U. 8. Weather Bureau Forecast.) Increasing cloudiness and warmer to- night, followed by rain beginning late to- night or tomorrow; colder by tomorrow night. Temperatures—Highest, 58, at 4:15 Pam, yesterday; lowest, 30, at 7:15 a.m. today. Full report on page A-11. Closing N. Y. Markets,Pages 15,16&17 Entered as second class matter post office, Washington, D. C. No. 33,495. ITALIAN MISTAKES BRING MUSSOLIN T0 FACE CRISIS OF ETHIOPIAN FIASCO Errors in Tactics Beginning . With Long “Rest” Before | March on Addis Ababa Are | Blamed for Failure. SUEZ CANAL CLOSING THREAT ALSO HINDERED Short Rainy Season Opens, Men- acing Already Built Roads and 11 Duce Knows His Troops Cannot Get to Ethiopian Capital During Present Year. BACKGROUND— Aggressor against Ethiopia, Italy encountered antagonism of League of Nations and threat of military opposition from Britain and France. Vitally concerned over control of Suez Canal, Straits of Gibraltar and yest of ocean route to Orient, Britain has maintained strong fighting fleet in Mediterranean since Italy began offensive last Fall. France pledged measure of support to Britain, other Mediter- ranean nations gave assurance of naval co-operation. Meanwhile, economic pressure against Italy continues, with threat of oil embargo still in abeyance. BY CONSTANTINE BROWN. Mussolini has failed in Ethiopia to date and news of the serious effect of the fiasco on the Italian dictator has just reached official quarters in Wash- ington. Lack of political foresight, weak- ness of the military ieadership, poli- ties mixing with strategy and tactics, Jealousies between Fascist troops and regular soldiers, economic sanctions, difficult terrain and climatic condi- tions ell have contributed to delay the grandiose plans of Italy’s ambitious leader, according to American official information. From the Italian view- point the story is a tragic one. ‘When Gen. de Bono, a retired army man put in command of the Italian East Africa because he was a prominent Pascist, began his campaign, his chief worry was uot to“repeat the mistakes which caused the Italian army to meet with disaster at Aduwa 1n 1896. Hence he followed a strictly conservative plan of action known by strategists as a logistical war plan. | This meant that the Ttalian high com- mand did not worry about the enemy in front of the troops but took into consideration the question of supplies, political circumstances and transport. No commander of an army group dared move before he got the signal “go” from the quartermaster general, the chief of engineers and the political agents. This method of warfare was im- portant, but De Bono pushed it to such an extreme that the Italians were crawling instead of advancing. Gen. De Bono Rests. The plan involved the occupatfon of Addis Ababa at an early date. This was considered possible—on paper— before the beginning of the rainy season. Not that the occupation of the Ethiopian capital had any mili- tary importance, but the moral effect would have been great. After the occupation of Aduwa, Gen. de Bono, who had 250,000 men at his disposal, rested. This, military experts considered his first capital mistake. Instead of pushing advanced forces to pursue the Ethiopians and refusing them a breathing spell, the Fascist general surrounded his troops with barbed wire and kept them in- active. The fault is not entirely De Bono's. Mussolini at that time, in October, was worried lest the British close the Suez Canal, in which eventuality Mussolini would have had his Af- rican expeditionary corps cut off in (See WAR,-Page 3.) CANTON IS PLACED IN MARTIAL LAW All Schools Closed After Youth Is Believed Slain in Disorders. By the Associated Press. ...HONGKONG, January 14.—Martial faw was declared in Canton today and all schools were closed after an out- burst of student disorders in which one youth was believed slain and five others seriously wounded. The city was quiet. Accounts of yesterday’s disturbances, which were understood to have drawn & protest from the Japanese consul, were varied. But it was reliably re- perse students assembled near Kuomin University In the ensuing fracas, the detectives to have fired pistols, Hat in Ring WIJOW OF SENATOR SCHALL TO SEEK SENATE SEAT. MRS, THOMAS D. SCHALL. By the Assoclated Press. ST. PAUL, January 14.—The Pioneer Press said today that Mrs. Thomas D. Schall, widow of the late United States Senator from Minnesota, had announced at her home at Berwyn, Md., her candidacy for Republican senatorial nomination in the June primaries. The Pioneer Press said she asked L. L. Drill of St. Paul, former United States district attorney for Minne- sota and close personal friend of the late blind Senator, to file and an- nounce her candidacy. Drill said he had not yet received such permission, After Schall's death in an auto- mobile accident last month, Elmer A. Benson,, Farmer-Laborite, was ap- pointed to fill the term which expires at the end of 1936. The appointment was made by Gov. Floyd B. Olson, Farmer-Laborite, who has announced himself as a candidate for the Senate. BRITISH WARSHIPS G0 10 GBRALTAR Fleet Leaves for Maneuvers in Mediterranean to Show Strength. By the Assoclated Press, British warships steamed southward today toward the Gibraltar gateway to the Mediterranean as Premier Pierre Laval of France began a period of watchful waiting for settlement of the East African war. Authoritative sources at London said the massing of the English craft off the coast of Spain was a defen- sive preparation against any Medi- terranean attack. The Frencn ‘“peacemaker’s” pro- gram, informed sources reported, con- sisted of an inactive policy for sete tlement of the Italo-Ethiopian war and an early election for a new Chamber of Deputies. The departure of the British ships left the island kingdom without the protection of its major naval strength although a part of the cruising fleet held back to await the arrival of four warships withdrawn from stations in the southern waters. Maneuvers Ordered. The home fleet ships are to reach Arosa Bay, Spain, Friday in advance of the League of Nations Council ses- sion at Geneva Monday. Their orders specify maneuvers until January 22, when they will return to Gibraltar. French sources said Laval had been prepared to initiate new conciliation efforts until a conference with Vittorio Cerruti, Italian Ambassador, who rep- resented Premier Mussolini as insist- ent the League withdraw its declara- tion of Italy as aggressor in the African conflict. This withdrawal, it was reported, the French consider impossible, Laval Sees Straus, Laval also disrussed the war situa- tion with Jesse I Straus, United States Ambassador, and Japanese and Belgian envoys. Developments on the northern Ital- ian front were not “noteworthy,” an (See SHIPS, Page 3.) FLYERS LEAVE FLORIDA Final Unit of Marine Movement to Refuel at Camaguey. OPA LOCKA, Fla., January 14 (#).— Twenty-five Marine planes, the final unit of a mass movement into the West Indies for Winter maneuvers, left here today. ‘The squadron was scheduled to re- fuel at Camaguey, Cuba, and alight for the night at Guantanamo. ‘WITH SUNDAY MORNING EDITION bening Shar WASHINGTON, D. C, TWESDAY, JANUARY %4, 1936—THIRTY-SIX PAGES. COMMITTEE VOTES FOR “BOND" BONUS AFTER DISGLOSURE BY MORGENTHAU Government Must Raise $11,000,000,000 in Next 17, Months, Secretary Tells Senate Groiip. SECRET DISCUSSION REVEALED BY COUZENS Michigan Senator Says Treasury Head Offered No Protest and “Couldn’t Tell,” When Asked, if Payment Was Too Great a Burden to Be Assumed Now. BACKGROUND— Agitation for new settlement in long-time issue of bonus award to World War veterans got early start in present congressional session. Before opening, three principal vet- erans’ organizations announced agreement on single measure for immediate cash payment. On first day such bill was introduced in House and approved last Friday, one week later. Meanwhile, Senate Finance Committee considers compromise bill for payment in “baby bonds.” Yesterday same veterans’ groups announced approval of compro- mise. President Roosevelt vetoed in- flationary bill last year; has made no comment on pending measures. By the Associated Press. Despite testimony by Secretary Morgenthau that the Government would have to raise a minimum of $11,000,000,000 in the next 17! months, the Senate Finance Commit- tee today approved the new baby bond bonus payment bill by a 15-to-2 vote. Senator Couzens, Republican, of Michigan, who, with Senator Gerry, Democrat, of Rhode Island were the only members opposing a favorable report, disclosed Morgenthau's testi- mony which was given in executive session. Couzens said he would not be bound by any secrecy. The Michigan Senator said the Treasury Secretary took no stand one W8y or the other on the bonus measure and replied he “couldn’t tell” when asked if the Treasury could stand the added burden of bonus payment. $2,000,000,000 for Relief, Couzens further quoted Morgenthau as saying that the $11,000,000.000 of funds needed for the rest of this fiscal and the next fiscal year included an estimate of $2,000,000,000 for relief (not included in the President’s bud- get); $1,500,000,000 which the Presi- dent estimated as next year's deficit; $2,000,000,000 if the bonus is paid, and $5,800,000,000 of refunding operations. Couzens said Morgenthau estimated this would bring the public debt to $35,500,000,000 by the end of next fiscal year. Chairman Harrison announced the vote and said he would try to get Senate consideration Thursday. Those voting for the favorable report were: Democrots—George, Walsh, Barkley, Gore, Costigan, Bailey, Clark, Loner- gan, Black, Guffey and Harrison; Re- publicans—Keyes, Hastings and Cap- per; Progressive—La Follette. Substitute Voted, 18-0. By a vote of 18 to 0 the committee substituted the Senate bill for that passed last Friday by the House, which provided for full cash payment of the certificates, but specified no method of payment. Secretary Morgenthau, Daniel W. Bell, acting budget director, and offi- cers of the three veterans’ organiza- tions which are united behind the Sen- ate bill appeared before the committee in executive session before the final vote was taken. “I'm sorry, you'll have to see Har- rison,” Morgenthau told reporters after the meeting. Harrison refused to divulge Mor- genthau’s testimony, but Congress was not so reluctant. ‘The bill was approved without change, Harrison said. Senators not present when the final vote was taken were: King, Byrd and Senator Robinson, the Democratic leader, predicted the coalition bonus bill would be enacted before the end of January. “It is my thought,” he said, “that action will be taken during the present month and that the subject will be disposed of in a satisfactory way.” Robinson made this statement on the way to the White House to keep a (See BONUS, Page 5.) Hughes Sets Trans-U. S. Record, Aloft 9 Hours and 27 Minutes By the Associated Press. IT5 ALMOST ENOUGH To GIVE NORRIS SAYS FARM CONTROLDOOMED Tells Leaders at Hearing Court Will Upset Crop Regulation. BACKGROUND— Invalidation of agricultural ad- justment act ruled last week by United States Supreme Court; principal legal criticism was that benefit payment arrangements was in reality system of coercion. Administration immediately called farm leaders for aid in form- ing new program; agreement sub- sequently reported on seven-point plan centering about Government subsidies. Yesterday farmers threatened “picketing” of Congress until program is enacted. By the Associated Press. Senator Norris, Republican of Ne- braska, bluntly expressed to farm leaders today a view that no law regu- lating agricultural production would be held constitutional in the light of the Supreme Court's A. A. A. de- cision. His opinion was given at a Senate Agriculture Committee meeting sum- moned to hear farm views on A. A. A’z replacement. The large commit- tee room, jammed with farmers, be- came suddenly silent, when Norris said: “I don't believe it possible to pass any law that in any way regulates agricultural production that would be held constitutional. “I hate to say it." Earl Smith of the Illinois Farm Bureau Federation was the witness at the time. Hits Decision. Norris expressed “entire agreement” with the recommendations of the farm group—made to the administration Saturday—that soil conservation and domestic allotments be the basis of solutely wrong,” 5 thought the act was constitutional and think so yet.” He was applauded loudly. Norris asked Smith: “You feel that crop production must be regulated?” Smith nodded affirmatively. “But,” the Nebraskan went on, “the court says in so many words ‘regula- tion of agriculture is unconstitutional.” You don’t have to be a lawyer to see that point. “The Supreme Court has appellate jurisdiction, with such exceptions as Congress may provide. “We could pass a law by which we could take away jurisdiction over this subject from the lower eourts and providing, say, that a Supreme Court decision on this must be unanimous. “Then the decision of a week ago yesterday would have been just the opposite.” Gives No Hint of Action. Norris gave no immediate indica- tion, however, that he planned to press for such a statute, Sam Everson, president of the Na- tional Farmers’ Union, asked for en- (Bee A. A. A, Page 5) e WYATT EARP EDGED OFF COURSE BY ICE Ellsworth Ship Believed to Have Passed Barrier and Can Turn Southwestward. ON BOARD THE MOTORSHIP WYATT EARP, January 14 (N.AN. -For ATEE §o, 220 E H ik i BEE3 i 3!; Robber Tries to Save 59 Cents, but Effort Lands Him in Jail By the Associated Press. ST. LOUIS, January 14—A frugal robber was in jail today because he couldn't resist the temptation to save 59 cents. The man, who held up Miss Frances Dyer, clerk in a clean- ing establishment, found in the cash register a slip showing he owed the firm that amount. He grabbed the slip, along with $5.50 cash, and ran. Miss Dyer checked her books, found the name and address, and police caught up with the erst- while customer and his debt 25 minutes later. They said he was an ex-convict. HOSTAGE RESCUED; 3 CUBANS SLAIN Rich Manufacturer’s Son Saved by Army After Kidnaping. By the Assoclated Press. GUANAJAY, Cuba, January 14— Three accused kidnapers were shot to death in a running gun battle with Cuban soldiers today, a few hours after Paulino Gorostiza, 28-year-old son of a well-to-do manufacturer, had been abandoned by his abductors in the foothills near this village. The battle was fought near the spot where the young kidnap victim was found after his abductors had been hemmed in by 700 soldiers, sailors and police. Victim Taken to Havana. Gorostiza, uninjured and apparently in good health, was brought back to Guanajay by his rescuers, then es- corted to Havana. It was his family already had paid half of a $50,000 ransom demanded for his release. Eleven suspects were arrested in the vicinity of the farm where Gorostiza's kidnapers abandoned him and police were pursuing others at the time of the gun battle. The young Havanan was the fourth victim of Cuban kidnapers in the last year, Batista Leads Raid. The concentration of armed forces, under the personal supervision of Col. Fulgencio Batista, the army com- mander, located Gorostiza soon after daylight after one of several suspects already arrested had expressed the belief he was dead. Gorostiza, son of Paulino Gorostiza, sr., a prominent mirror manufacturer, was seized early yesterday as he drove his automobile through the Almen- dares suburb of Havana. Soldiers and police swung into a stern campaign to thwart the ran- soming in accordance with their pre- vious practice, adopted to prevent funds from falling into the hands of Tevolutionaries. In one of the four major kidnapings Eutimio Falla Bonet paid $300,000 for his release after being seized last April 4. AIRLINES NAME ‘CZAR” CHICAGO, January 14 (#).—Col. Edgar 8. Gorrell, former head of the Stutz Motor Co., was named “czar” of the Nation's air transport lines to- day. He will have powers similar to those of Commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis in base ball and Will Hays in the movies. His appointment was announced at NAVY CONFERENGE NOT 10 BREAK (P Agenda Will Be Followed Despite Threatened With- drawal of Japanese. BACKGROUND— World limitation of naval arma- ‘ments first agreed on at Washing- ton Conference in 1921. United States, Great Britain, Japan, France and Italy allowed capital ships in following ratio: 5—5—3 —1.5—1.5. London Conference in 1930 established ratio for cruisers, destroyers and submarines; Japan given slightly higher allowance than in heavier ships. In 1934 Japan pressed demand for marimum parity in all classes. Preliminary conference preceding present session broke up last year without result when Japan re- mained insistent. In December she repeated wishes as session con- vened in London. By the Associated Press. LONDON, January 14—The Inter- national Naval Conference will con- tinue, with or without the Japanese, it was learned authoritatively today after the Americans and British held a long conference at the foreign office. The decision was reached after an authoritative source had reported Admiral Osami Nagano would pro- nounce an end to Japanese co-opera- tion in international naval limitation tomorrow unless something comes up to inject new life into the five-power parley. Original Agenda to Be Followed. Delegates of the other four powers— Britain, the United States, France and Italy—intend, however, to pro- ceed with the original agenda of the conference, discussing building plans, limitations and kindred questions out- lined when the discussions began early in December. The Americans and British deter- mined their stand after a two-hour session described as “thoroughly in- formative and harmonious,” with both delegations in complete agreement on all aspects. While it was expected the Japanese would take action tantamount to with- drawal from the conference, they have not told the other delegates what (See NAVAL, Page 3.) TRANCE GIRL THOUGHT SUPPORTING HYSTERIA Psychiatrist Expresses View as Family Watches and Prays at Shirley Tapp’s Bed. By the Associated Press. DETROIT, January 14.—Shirley Tapp, 17-year-old Dearborn Township girl, was in the sixth day of a coma induced by religious fervor today while her family, members of the “Full Salvation Union” sect, watched and prayed beside the couch on which The only evening paper in Washington with the Associated Press News and ‘Wirephoto Services. $H% Hauptmann Burns Holes in Two Pipes ByExcessiveSmoking By the Associated Press. TRENTON, January 14.—Bruno Richard Hauptmann has smoked 50 much during his 11 months in the State Prison death house that he has burned holes in two pipes. Frugal, he has obtained three pipes at the cost of one, demand- ing successfully that each burned pipe be replaced by the dealer from whom he purchased the first. “He must smoke like a chimney,” said the dealer on providing the third. HAUPTHANN WA OF HBEAS CORPLS TOBE FILED TODAY German’s Attorneys Will Go to Federal Court to Stave Off Execution. BACKGROUND— In March, 1932, first son of Charles A. Lindbergh was kid- naped from New Jersey home. In September, 1934, Brumo Haupt- mann, Bronz carpenter, was ar- rested, charged with kidnaping and killing. In February, 1935, he was convicted, later sentenced to die in electric chair. In October, New Jersey Court of Appeals upheld verdict. In De- cember, United States Supreme | Court declined to review case. Last Saturday New Jersey Court of 1 Pardons refused clemency. On Sunday it was revealed that two | Washington attorneys had joined | defense staff. Electrocution now scheduled for Friday night. Copyrieht, 1936, the Associated Press. | TRENTON, N. J., January 14— Counsel for Bruno Richard Haupt- mann arranged to seek a writ of habeas corpus in a Federal District Court this afternoon. | Only four days of life were assured | for the Bronx carpenter as the at- torneys—increased to five by the addi- | tion of two from Washington, D. C— | drafted the petition alleging that | Hauptmann’s constitutional rights | were violated during the trial at| Flemington. His execution has been | fixed for 8 p.m. Friday. A, denial of the writ and of a stay | of- execution, which must be sought in | & separate application, would mean | that the only hope for Hauptmann was | & reprieve by Gov. Harold G. Hoffman. | Governor Is Silent. ‘The Governor returned to the capitol today, his first appearance since he left soon after the Court of | Pardons rejected Hauptmann's plea for clemency last Saturday. In the two intervening days the| Governor has spent much of his time | in New York. He declined to say whether he had conferrtd with any one on Hauptmann'’s case, into which | he projected himself three months ago with a nocturnal visit to the prisoner in his death house cell. He withheld information as to whether he would grant a reprieve, Convening of the 1936 Legislature this noon brought him back. There was little likelihood the sub- ject of Hoffman’s participation in the case would come up on the floor of either Senate or Assembly. Repub- licans, who control both houses, could block any move against the Governor, and Democrats felt that any attacks by them might prove “dynamite.” Expert Seeks Interview. Samuel Small, New York penman- ship expert, who told the Governor a letter signed “J. J. Faulkner” and which related that Hauptmann was innocent had been written by the same man who might have deposited $2980 of ransom money in a New (See BRUNO, Page 4. CONDENSED MILK HEIR IS “BELLBOY” ON LINER By the Associated Press. NEW YORK, January 14.—A $10-a- week “bellboy” on the liner Haiti ar- rived here yesterday in the person of Robert St. J. Borden, 24-year-old so- cialite and heir to the fortune pyra- mided by his family in the condensed milk business. Borden “likes the work,” he said, and plans to make several more trips she slept. Her mother, Mrs. Laverne Tapp, confident the girl will awaken at the end of the seventh day, said she would resist any efforts to bring her daughter out of the coma. Dr. Martin Hoffman, psychiatrist, who examined Shirley Monday, sald he believed her condition was a form of hysteria. Dr. Edward F. Fisher, Tapp family physician, described her physical condition as normal but add- before quitting the sea as a vocation. Borden disclosed that his chief duty on the ship was to tend the telephone switchboard. “I'm just one of the boys,” he explained. Son of Mrs. Charles F. Scott of New York and Lakeville, Conn., Borden said that when he is 25 he will receive the income of a $500,000 trust fund. Alfonso Arrives in Paris. PARIS, January 14 (P)—Former () Means Associated Press. Yesterday’s Circulation, 137,263 Some Returns Not Yet Received. TWO CENTS. RULING BY MCARL PERMITS AALA. PAY IN FUNCTIONS NOT BANNED BY COURT 1,600 Temporary Workers and “Good Many” on Per- manent Force Face Dis- missal. MARKETING AGREEMENTS DEFENDED BY WALLACE Secretary Says Balance of $100,- 000,000 Fund Can Be Used to Carry on Work Required Under Act’s Provisions Not Outlawed by Supreme Court Justices. BULLETIN, A new farm bill which bears the approval of the President and is expected to meet the situation resulting from the Supreme Court's recent adverse decision will be in- troduced in the Senate this week, Democratic Leader Robinson said today. Controller General McCar! today cleared up the status of A. A. A. em- ployes when he held they might be paid so long as they were engaged in functions not barred by the Su- | preme Court decision which outlawed | the farm aid program. At the same time, however, he cut | off the pay of the Treasury employes on A A. A work, because their money came from processing taxes whose collection 'has been held illegal. As McCarl's decisions were being handed down, A. A. A. officials were preparing for a decentralization pro- gram, to begin January 31, which will mean the dismissal of 1,600 temporary employes and a “good many” of the permanent force. This personnel pro- gram was announced today. There are about 1,000 temporary workers im Washington and about 5,500 of the permanent force are located here. Ruling Seen as Broad. McCarl's ruling on the pay of the A. A. A. employes was made to the Secretary of Agriculture. He did not atempt to define what lawful duties still might be performed under the 4. A. A, asking for details as to what was contemplated. His' decision, however, was inter- preted as being broad enough to allow A. A. A. officials to retain the liquidat- ing force which is now contemplated. ‘The immediate effect of the decision ‘on the Treasury force was not known. In laying the case of the A. A. A. employes before McCarl, Wallace said the Supreme Court had limited its consideration to the questions of rental and benefit payments, and the process- ing taxes to finance the crop reduction contracts. “There was not before the court nor did the court consider,” Wal- lace wrote, “the question on marketing agreements, licenses or orders. + Balance Available. “It did not consider the question of the removal of surplus agricultural commodities or any other provision of the act except just the contracts and processing taxes. “The Department of Agriculture, therefore, feels that it is not only authorized, but required to carry out the provisions of the act that are not interdicted by the decision of the court and that in order to accomplish this purpose, the balance of the sum of $100,000.000 appropriated under the act of May 12, 1933, is available for such purposes.” Upholds Part of Act. In response, McCarl said: “While the decision leaves no room for doubt that the processing tax is no longer for collection, or that all provisions of the agricultural adjust« ment act designed for regulation or control of agricultural production are now inoperative, it does not follow that the provisions of said act mot considered by the court and in no manner a part of the ‘plan to regu- late and control agricultural produc- tion’ have necessarily fallen, and so as to render unavailable for their car- rying out appropriations heretofore made from the general fund of the Treasury and otherwise available for such uses. “In connection with all such uses, it must appear clear, however, in view of the broad language employed by the court in condemning said plan for regulation and control of agricultural production as invading the ‘reserved rights of the States’ and thus uncon- stitutional, that expenditures made from such appropriations in no man- ner further or in sny wise partake of such uses.” Pointing to the language of the ap- propriation, McCarl concluded: “While the unexpended balance of said appropriation remains available for use to the extent necessary or to the lawful accomplishment of such of the purposes for which made as have no connection with their relation to the plan to regulate und control agri- cultural production or the assessment or collection of processing taxes, said balance is not available for any other Asks Data on Plans. “As your letter does not disclose suf= ficient facts with respect to ‘the mat« ters relating to marketing agreements, licenses, orders, removal of surpluses and so forth’—referred to in the con-