Evening Star Newspaper, December 14, 1935, Page 2

NATIONS DEFAULT - ON DEBTS AGAIN Finland Alone Only Country Expected to Pay—$22,- 000,000,000 Owing. &7 the Associated Fress. Czechoslovakia and Poland added their names today to the list of na- tions which will default on their December 15 war debt payments to the United States. Their respective diplomatic repre- gentatives in Washington notifled Sec- retary Hull they would not meet installments due or in arrears. Czechoslovakia owes $9.584,149 and Poland $32,535,988 as the regular semi-annual installment. Only a payment of $230,453 from Finland—out of a total of $965,414,- 177.64 due or past due—is likely to be credited to the United States as the semi-annual payment date rolls around. Great Britain and Lithuania al- ready have sent their “so sorry” notes. The former's due debt, including to- morrow’s instaliment and unpaid past installments of principal and interest, {s -$582,803,306.83. Lithuania is in default on $776,319.97. “The legation of the Baltic nation gictified Secretary Hull yesterday that “continued adverse economic and financial conditions” made it impos- &ble to pay. Lithuania expressed re- | gret. Britain sent notification three days ago. * General default, with the excep- fion of Finland, began with the pay- fhents due in June last year. Debt Totals $22,000,000,000. The total debt is about $22,000,- 000,000. The United Sttaes notified al)l 12 nations it was “fully disposed discuss any proposals which your government may desire to put for- ward in regard to the payment of this indebtedness.” - The following table shows the amounts of accumulated payments due December 15: Belgium - €zechoslovakia Estonia Finland - $33,630,269.70 9,584,149.73 2,611,886.45 250,292,292.86 582,803,306.83 290,381.27 47,853,383.64 976.995.14 776,319.97 32,535,988.55 3,843,750.40 Greece and Yugoslavia also are in default, but the payment dates vary. | Greece owed $4,263,338.40 last month and Yugoslavia owed $1,150,000. Repayments $2,747,271,136. Repayments on the total debt ag- | gregated $2,747,271,136 up to March of this year. Many nations contended Germany’s failure to pay reparations made it im- possible for them to meet their in- stallments. Under a special financial arrange- ment, Austria, which owes $24,000,000, s not classed as a defaulter. e VETERAN WORKER ’ Andrew D. Soverhill, _,.Te}ep)xone Company Employe, Given ¢ Diamond Service. # @ompleting 35 years of telephone &erdice, Andrew D. Soverhill, plant Assignment clerk for the Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone Co., "yesterday was presented with a diamond service. & First employed ; by the New York Telephone Co. in 1900, Mr. Sover- hill. joined the Jocal concern in 1904 as an in- spector, and later was made fore- man of inspec- tors. He became known as an ex- pert in safety and first aid practices, and in 1928 was made safety supervisor for the com- pany. For many years, practically all the plant employes have received first aid and safety first training from Soverhill. He has conducted also a complete course in first aid for Scout masters and patrol leaders in the District and has received several sil- ver loving cups in recognition of his services along this line, In addition, he has trained groups of firemen and is well known for his assistance to the American Red Cross in first aid matters. - Andrew D. Soverhill. JURY STRIKES AND WINS ~PARIS, December 14 (#).—Jurors trying the long drawn-out Stavisky seandal case, who threatened Thurs- day to strike for more pay, got it yes- terday—a 400 per cent raise. Paul Revere was a secret courier before the first Continental Congress. MAS SHOPPING DAYS TO CHRISTMAS | HORTLY., before the American Revolution proposals were made to set up an American postal service independent of Britain, which taxed the existing postal system. The secret committees that existed at that time had need of trustworthy couriers to carry their messages. Perhaps the most famous of these was Paul Re- vere, who is reported to have carried important dispatches from Boston through New York to Philadelphia in < 4, ¥ 3 2 < 230,453.00 | RECEIVES REWARD What’s What Behind News In Capital Bank Figures Let Town- send $200 a Month Plan Down to $65. BY PAUL MALLON. E fatal arithmetical trick be- hind ‘the Townsend old-age pension plan is disclosed by the fact that the well-meaning doc- tor chose to base his figures on 1929 business. No other year in the history of the world would have offered him suffi- ciently inflated statistics to make his plan balance up on paper. At least the banking transaction turnover of that year (which forms the. basis for Dr. Townsend’s published calcula- tions) was. the largest in history. If the doctor has based his reve enue hopes on the-banking turn- over of 1934, he would receive eT- actly $65 instead of $200 a month for his pensioners. There is, of course, a large differ- ence between tax returns on paper and tax receipts in the Treasury. But conceding that Dr. Townsend | could have applied and collected his | tax, it would have worked out this way for last year: The bank turnover -for 268 cities was just about one-third of 1929, namely $356,880,000,000 (Fedegal Re- serve Board official figures). If you follow Dr. Towusend's reasoning and |add 10 per cent for other cities and another 10 per cent for cash which did not go through banks, you will find that his theoretically taxable jackpot would amount to exactly $428,256,- 1 000,000, instead of the 1929 figure of | $1,300,000,000,000. | TONNSEND CLDAGE CAFE | His 2 per cent tax would have tapped that kitty for a theoretical | $8,600,000,000. instead of his adver- tised $20,000,000,000. (For this year the revenue would have been possibly $9.000,000,000 on the basis of avail- able unofficial estimates.) 1934 Computations. The 1934 computation figures down to $64 a month, or a little over $2 a | | for the 11,000,000 persons over | | €0 vears of age, 80 per cent of who do not need it. The fundamental danger does not, | | however, lie in Dr. Townsend's highly | | optimistic calculations, but in esti- mates of what his plan would do to | the established business systems, to | { the cost of living for the poor and | ‘imlddle classes, to the banking busi- ness, to stock market transactions—in | | fact, to all economic life. When you start on that, you get| into the realm of indefinite theory | which all sincere Townsendites now | occupy. But if any one wants to| spend a rainy afternoon exploring the | | fantastic price increases, etc., it would !‘provide him fanciful entertainment. Many good economists, out of earshot of their bosses here, will tell you transactions on the stock exchange would be largely abol- ished, that the bookkeeping in- volved would require surveillance by half the Nation to keep the other half straight, that existing divi- sions of industry would have to be shaken down and entirely re- organized. Townsend circulars make their fig- | ures look rosier still, by computing the | | cost of crime at $1,500,000,000 a | month, the cost of charity at $3.000,000,000. The total is “.500,-! 000,000 & month or $54,000,000,000 a | year, of which the circulars say 50 | per cent would be saved by the Town- | | send plan. X It sounds big. It is big—in fact, too ig. The fact is that the entire national income of the United States last year was not as much as the Townsendites say was spent on crime and charity. | The national income was $50,000,000,- | 000, or $4,000,000,000 short of the| | Townsend computation of the cost of i crime and charity. Or consider the charity bill alone, | as that is a direct payment. The| | Townsend circular computes it at | $36,000,000,000 a year, or three- fourths of the national income. It | makes Mr. Roosevelt’s $4,000,000,000 for supporting 20,000,000 persons look | like a sand hill. Gold Brick Inspiration. Also there is good ground for sus- pecting that the Townsend plan | might work two ways on crime. It is | conceivable that every skinflint and { crook in the country would drop | present pursuits to sell gold bricks and gadgets to the recipients of Dr. | | petition with private enterprise and i fenders. Division Under Péé}:e Plan HORMONE IS FOUND| How Italy would get sovereignty BRITISH \, 5 OMALILAND rer ". i or control over approximately two- thirds of Ethiopia under the Franco-British peace plan is shown above. Lined area indicates proposed Italian zone of influence running from 25th to 35th longitude; cross-check shows sections of Ogaden and Tigre provinces where Italy would gain sovereignty of territory already conquered, except for sacred city of Aksum. Ethiopia would get Aksum and corridor leading to it, a seaport, probably Assab, and corridor leading to it, and full sovereignty of Aussa region. Inset, shows Ethiopia in relation to Italy. PRISON IDLENESS 10 BE COMBATTED New Association Plans Ex- pansion of Industries in State Institutions. By the Associated Press. MADISON, Wis., December 14—A concerted effort by the States to meet the growing menace of idleness in the Nation’s prisons was described today by John J. Hannan, president of the Wisconsin Board of Control and head | of & new national association of State | prison officials. Hannan said the problem would be | attacked by expansion of prison in- dustries with the least possible com- by development of allied activities, | such as education of inmates, im- provement of the parole system and | promotion of probation for first of- Lack Understanding. In an interview, Hannan said the public had no adequate understanding | of the prison problem and that points | of view differed on the question of | prison manufacture of goods for the | market. “There are several systems under which a prison might operate,” he said. “One is the use of prison la- bor by a private employer through a contract or lease system. Another is the State use plan under which goods | are produced only for tax-supported | institutions. Still another is the State | account plan in which the State | handles the complete operation of prison industries and markets the | goods. “To me it seems that it makes no difference which plan is used so long | as production cost is kept on a basis | comparable with competing private industry. It should be remembered | that a prison inmate, before he is | incarcerated and after he is released, | is always potentially available to pri- | vate industry. While he is in prison | society should not be deprived of his ability to produce. Value of Work Recognized. “The value of the therapy of work | in the rehabilitation of a prisoner is generally recognized as the most effec- | tive rehabilitative agency in that it | inculcates ‘habits of industry,’ the lack of which is found in the ma- Jority of convicted law offenders.” Hannan said the national associa- tion was committed to development of the State-use system where prac- tical but that no one plan of prison employment would fit the condition of all States. Hannan saild prison education would be directed toward tying in academic work with vocational in- struction to fit the prisoner for the employment he is given. o MRS. EDITH CARUSI Townsend'’s monthly bounty. ‘The fact that no outstanding econo- mists in the country favor the Town- send plan is not considered by the Townsendites to indicate a defect in their scheme. They write that matter off with the explanation that the econ- omists are paid by their bosses to fear the big boon. Non-partisans may suspect there are one or two foremost economists in the country who are honest. But so far only two economists who are sufficiently well known here to be recalled offhand by their brother econ- omists have written publicly in favor of the Townsend movement. It ap- pears that both have received fees. This fact would indicate that the boss- economist question boils down to the simple issue of whose boss (as Mr. Roosevelt says) has the chickenpox, 1t is rather deep stuff, but trust= worthy economists say the falla- cious economic reasoning of the Townsendites can be proved, if you take their 1929 base and follow it through. In other words, to get the eflect of the plan, consider, for ez~ ample, only that many persons over 60 are now employed. The first effect would be to with- draw 4,156,000 elderly persons from their existing gainful employment. Apply the economic effects of this withdrawal upon & prosperous eco- nomic system, the economists say, and you have the scholastic explanation of the error of the Townsend way. Only economists can explain that in their class rooms. In fact, only econo- mists need to worry about that, (Oopyrisht, 1835, DIES; RITES MONDAY Wife of Attorney General’s Exec- utive Assistant Succumbs. Infant Son Survives. Mrs. Edith Carus, wife of Ugl Carusi, executive assistant to the At- torney General, died today in George ‘Washington University Hospital. Her one-day-old son survives. Mrs. Carusi, formerly Miss Edith Warner, came here about 12 years ago from her home in Terre Haute, Ind. She and Mr. Carusi were married in 1928 and lived at 4100 Forty-ninth street. Mr. Carusi came here as ex- ecutive assistant to former Attorney General Sargent and has served since in this capacity to the succeeding At- torneys General. Surviving Mrs. Carusi besides her son are her husband, her father, John R. Warner: a brother, Jack R. War- ner, ‘and three sisters, Mrs. Louise Hart, Miss Winifred Warner and Miss Josephine Warner, The father, brother and sisters live in Terre Haute. Mrs. Carusi was & member of the Episcopal Church of the Transfigura. tion. Funeral services will be held Monday at 2 p.m. in the church, with Rev. Dr. J. J. Queally officiating. aurlfl will be in Rock Creek Ceme- Ty, EX-STAR LOSES PLEA Eleanor Boardman Allowance Petition Refused. LOS ANGELES, December 14 (#).— Eleanor Boardman, one-time screen star, lost her plea yesterday for an allowance of $943 a month from her former husband, King Vidor, director, for support of their two children. Superior Judge Dudley S. Valen- tine ruled there was not sufficlent evie dence to warrant Miss Boardman's present §250 monthly, —Copyright A. P. Wirephoto. War (Continued From Pirst Page.) said, depended on whether the Coun- cil decided the League should inter- vene. Opponents of the Franco-British program, fighting for the sanctity of the League covenant, conceded that a protracted war and application of new sanctions against Italy, would bring risks of disrupting the economic situa- tion in Europe. They insisted, however, that the risk must be run to strengthen the League and serve as a warning to “future transgressors.” A spokesman for one great power said that if the peace negotiations fail, the sanctions discussion undoubtedly would be resumed and that it was quite possible an extension of the present arms, financial and economic | penalties against Italy would be de- | creed. Some diplomats believe Haile Selassie would reject any concessions beyond the original ‘League peace plan, pro- viding international development for Ethiopia, and would decide to “fight it out” with Italy, believing the Fascists would fail to surmount the difficulties of a long campaign of conquest. “CLARIFICATIONS” ASKED. Mussolini Seeks More Data on Franco- British Plan. (Copyright. 1935. by the Associated Press.) ROME, December 14—A govern- ment spokesman disclosed today that Premier Mussolini has asked “clarifi- cations” of the terms of the Franco- British plan for peace in Ethiopia. 11 Duce probably also will discuss his peace or war decision with the Fascist Grand Council before replying form- ally to the proposals, the spokesman indicated. While & burst of editorials hinted that Italy would seek to turn the League of Nations against Ethiopia for its denunciation of the peace plan, the spokesman said he thought Italy’s full reply was unlikely to be made before 2 council meeting. The high Fascist body, created to pass on measures Il Duce himself dic- tated, was called to meet at 10 am. (4 a.m., Eastern standard time) next Wednesday—the same day the League of Nations Council meets, Mussolini's decision, the spokesman said, would not be effected by the atti- tude of the League or other powers toward the peace program. He repeated previous assertions that the plan was “complex” and required further study. ARMY FLYER KILLED IN CRASH IN SOUTH Victim of fimash-\lp Near Dale, S. C., Identified as Maj. A. K. Ladd of Langley. By the Associated Press. PARRIS ISLAND, 8. C., December 14—An Army fiyer identified as Maj. Arthur K. Ladd of Langley Field, Va., was killed in the wreck of his sin- gle-seated fight- ing plane near Dale, a tiny ham- let of Beaufort County, yester- day. The body, badly mangled, was brought to the Marine Corps base here in an ambulance. It was held pending an investigation or- dered by 4th Mai. A K. Iadd comg Headquar- ters in Atlanta. Maj. Ladd was flying to Miami, where many Army and civilian planes are participating in alr racing and exhibition. The plane fell into & swamp. It dli:m catch fire, but was badly dame a 3 FREDERICK W. VOGEL FUNERAL TO BE MONDAY Man Stricken While Helping Son at Market to Be Buried in Rock Creek Cemetery. Funeral services for Frederick W. Vogel, 64, of 733 Rock Creek Church road, who died suddenly yesterday in the Arcade Market, will be held at 2:30 pm. Monday at the residence. Burial will be in Rock Creek Ceme- tery. Mr. Vogel was helping his son, Wil- liam A. Vogel, at the latter’s place of business in the market when stricken with a heart attack. He formerly FOR MOTHER LOVE Carnegie Researchers Say Prolactin Injection Stirs Emotions. BY THOMAS R. HENLY. Discovery of & bio-chemical sub- stance which seems to be responsible for mother love was announced today in the 1935 year book of the Carnegie Institution of Washington. 1% is prolactin, one of the hormones secreted by the apterior pituitary gland. Small but repeated injections of this substance will make females with- out babies and physiologically in- capable of giving birth, adopt mother- less little ones and care for them as if they were their own. Injections of the same substance will make male rats as “motherly” as the most solicitous female. The discovery was made by Drs. Oscar Riddle, R. W. Bates and E. L. Labr of the institution’s genetic lab- oratory. It goes far to explain one of the most vital forces in the history of life—the devotion shown by fe- males to their helpless young without which the higher forms of life would be inconceivable. It also explains why some females are more motherly than others and possibly why some fathers will show more than paternal devo- tion to their families. All Prolactin Same. The results, of course, apply only to rats, in so far as the experiments go. But prolactin is the same through- out the animal kingdom, the substance in man is identical with that in the rat, and presumably it has similar affects. The outstanding difference probably is that among human beings s0 much of institutionalism and tra- dition enter into motherhood and family life that the reaction is less direct than among animals, who have no “moral” traditions to uphold. That is, the human mother will pre- tend to love her children—even if she really does not because of a deficient prolactin secretion. Previous experiments had shown | that prolactin played an important part in feminine physiological proc- esses—although the secretion was | common to both sexes. Last year the | Carnegie biologists found that it was possible to induce broodiness in lay- ing hens by prolactin injections, and this result led directly to the experi- ments reported today. Says the Carnegie report: “The criterion for presence of the maternal instinct is that a rat shall persistently | respond to the presence of a young taking it in her mouth, carrying it to*her nest, and there covering or caring for it. Most virgin rats, 46 | care with from three to fifteen daily | injections of prolactin. A few carry | young to the nest but give no further | care. Curiously, three out of the 62 gave the reaction only after stopping the injections and seven failed to show the maternal response after a period of 30 or 40 days. Four | virgins that did not develop the in- | uitary extract rich in prolactin. Pro- rats. Many Tissues Affected. | “The injection of other pituitary | hormones is so rarely followed by a | positive response as to indicate that | none of them induces maternal be- havior. This demonstration of the dependence of an instinct on a hor- | mone contributes to our understand- ing of animal behavior and psychology. A hormone has been found to act upon as lactation, germinal tissue and co- | operation with nerve tissue in devel- opment of an instinct and at the same <: time it maintains an underlying unity | this case, despite the varying kinds of tissue involved, all the responses are | concerned with feeding and care of | the young. Again, it indicatess the periodic release, at least in adult life, of this hormone, and the basis of a particular type of cyclic behavior is thus made comprehensible. “Although the mechanism by which the hormone affects the neural state or function is wholly unexplored, this case provides a superior instance of somatic or extra-neural participation in a normal psychic state. The ad- ministration of this hormone to an otherwise adequately developed rat obviously endows the animal with a quite new normal and necessary psy- chological experience. The appar- ently legitimate and necessary infer- ence from the induced behavior is that we have thus temporarily added to such & rat a new element of con- sciousness.” Although prolactin thus appears to be the mother-love substance in na- ture, tests reported three years ago before the National Academy of Sci- ences from John Hopkins University indicate that it is insufficient of itself to maintain the instinct it has started without adequae dietary help. These tests showed that mother rats ne- glected, and even devoured, their off- spring when there was a total lack of the element magnesium in their food. Protection Against Tumors. Another apparent function of pro- lactin, reported by Dr. Riddle, is that of protection against ovarian tumaors, which often become malignant and cause death. The Carnegie experi- menters gathered evidence, still from the rats, that such tumors are stim- ulated, afid may even be started, by the action of another hormone from the anterior pituitary, which acts with prolactin in various physiological proc- esses. These tumors appear to thrive when there is a deficlency of prolactin in the blood stream, and their growth is checked when, through injections, this is brought to or above normal. This finding, which might have im- portant medical implications, ad- mittedly is not yet supported by ade- quate evidence, Dr. Riddle says in his report. But the indications are, he says, that prolactin “may act specific- ally against the growth of these par- ticular tumors.” No tests of the “mother-instinct” effect have been made with human beings and necessarily would be incon- clusive because of the numerous other factors which enter into the relations of the human child to the mother. Like the other hormones, however, prolactin is found in all the higher animals and in every. case is chem- ically identical. Efforts now are being made to se- rat dropped in front of her cage by | out of 62, begin to give this maternal | stinct under prolactin later devel- | oped it after a series of whole pit- | lactin apparently developed the in- | stinct in two of eight normal male | | & variety of tissues and processes, such | of the several responses it evokes. In | laborate Arrangements Made For Davies-Hutton Wedding OSEPH E. DAVIES, nationally® famous lawyer and & high lieu- | tenant of the Wilson adminis- tration, will be married in New | York tomorrow to Mrs. Marjorie Post Hutton, whose lavish dealing out of her millions among the poor of New York earned her the soubriquet of “Angel of Hell's Kitchen.” 8hy is the aunt by marriage of the former Barbara Hutton. * Both Davies, whose former wife will | spend her ex-hutoand’s wedding day at the National Symphony here, and Mrs. Hutton were granted Nevads di- | vorces last September at the time Ed- | ward F. Hutton gave his wife their lux- urfous 70-room triplex apartment on East Ninety-second street, where she will be married tomorrow before a throng of the elite and distinguished. Before he left here for New York last night, Davies, who has been liv- ing at the Shoreham while his for- mer wife, the former Emlen Knight keeps the mansion at 2941 Massa. chusetts avenue, made arrangements for a private car to bring his Wash- ington wedding guests to New York at his and Mrs. Hutton’s expense. After the ceremony, the couple— Dais is 59 and the bride-to-be, 48— will sail down to the Spanish Main aboard the schooner yacht Hussar, ocean-going palace which was & Christmas present to Mrs. Hutton from her former husband 11 years ago. It is supposedly the largest ship of its class afloat. At the yacht basin to see them off will be a select few from the throng of wedding guests, among them the actress,” Billie Burke, and her daugh- ter, Patricia Ziegfeld. The three daughters of the bride and the three daughters of the groom are expected at the ceremony. Mrs. Davies Cheeseborough, oldest child of Mr. Davies, also was divorced in Nevada last September. She was granted a decree from Thomas Patton Cheeseborough, and next month will | marry Senator Millard Tydings of | Maryland. Davies formerly was chairman of the Federal Trade Commission. Hauptmann (Continued From First Page.) | that optimism even before the Gov- | ernor saw him. He feels something is | going to break. He impresses me as | feeling that way about it.” Gov. Harold G. Hoffman only yes- terday declared that many doubt | Hauptmann's electrocution will close | the celebrated case. “I have hardly spoken to a person | who believes that the execution of | Hauptmann will write the last chapter in this crime,” said the Governor just | before Justice Thomas W. Trenchard | signed a new death warrant. “They doubt that there has been a | complete solution. The majority be- | lieves he’s guilty, but they think rid- dles remain. Sees Justice Thwarted. “As the situation now stands, death would lock Hauptmann's lips forever. If he later should be found innocent | 1 terrible moral crime would have been committed by electrocution. “If he is guilty and accomplices ex- | isted all hope of bringing them to! justice would be destroyed.” The execution can be stayed only by the Court of Pardons, of which the | Governor is a member, unless Haupt- mann should ask and be granted a new | trial on the ground of newly discovered | | evidence. A State law, however, appeared to block the way for the latter procedure. A statute provides that the court may | “open judgment and grant a new trial | within six months of (he,ccnvicuon.”‘ Hauptmann was found guilty 10] months ago. The exact day for the execution | will be set by Col. Kimberling. | Political Handicap Seen. Friends of the Governor have sug- | gested that his interest in the case | has jeopardized his political future— some have viewed him as a potential | Republican candidate for the presi- | dential or vice presidential nomina- tion. He said he was willing to take that | chance because he is “determined to | see that justice is done.” He said he did not question the verdict or the death sentence, but added that there was some evidence | presented by Ellis Parker, chief of | Burlington County detectives, which raised doubts in his mind. He declined to say what Parker had disclosed to him. Since he became Governor, he said, five men have been electrocuted and in each case he heard final pleas of relatives or counsel and sustained the judgment of the courts because he felt the doomed men were guilty. “There was no maudlin sentimen- tality about this,” he said. Defense counsel, uncertain as to their immediate move, planned to confer early next week. They already have indicated they will ask the Court of Pardons for clemency. Rejection of their plea would not prejudice their case if they chose to ask the trial judge, Justice Trenchard, for a new trial. WILLIAM W. MALONE RITES TO BE MONDAY Retired Employe of Bureau of Engraving Died in Sibley Hospital Thursday. ‘Willlam W. Malone, 64, of 3420 P street, a retired employe of the Bu- erau of Engraving and Printing, died in Sibley Memorial Hospital Thurs- day after an iliness of three years. Funeral services will be held at the W. W. Chambers Co. funeral home, 517 Eleventh street southeast, at 8:30 am. Monday, followed by mass at 9 am. at St. Peter’s Catholic Church. Burial will be in Cedar Hill Cemetery. Mr. Malone had been a resident of ‘Washington for 35 years. For 22 years he was employed by the Bureau of Engraving and Printing. Surviving are his widow, Mrs. Edith M. Malone, and a brother, Thomas. | t can be obtained, uncontaminated by traces of other hormones. Like all acts in extremely minute doses. The indications are that there considerable variation of the secre- tion in individuals, depending on the size and activity of the anterior pi- tuitary. This, in turn, may explain the individual variations in the strength of the maternal instinct. The annual scientific exhibit of the Carnegie Institution, :; m headquar- JOSEPH E. DAVIES. UNION ELECTION HALTED BY COURT [Temporary Restraining Or- der Granted in Atlanta Labor Appeal. By the Associated Press. Justice Oscar R. Luhring of District Supreme Court yesterday signed an | order temporarily restraining an em- ploye election in the Gate City Cotton Mills, Atlanta, which had been set for | today. | The action was taken in a suit| brought by Mrs. Lola Echols. a mill | worker, who attacked the constitution- ality of the Wagner labor disputes act, under authority of which the National Labor Relations Board had called the election. Justice Luhring’s order is returnable December 17. | In her suit, the sixth attack on the | labor law in Federal courts, Mrs. Echols claimed the law deprived her | of liberty and property, violated her right of freedom of contract and was contrary to the due process clause of | the Constitution. Election Date Set. On December 7, she said, the Na-| tional Labor Relations Board ordered | an election to determine whether Local | No. 1938, United Textile Workers of America. should be designated as the agency to bargain for employes with | the mill owners. Mrs. Echols set forth she had re- signed from the union, an American | Federation of Labor affiliate, and that the officers could not be interested in protecting her interests. Even if the labor act were constitu- tional, the suit contended it was not applicable to the Gate City Mills, | which it was claimed conducted an exclusively intrastate business. Permanent Injunction Asked. ‘The petition asked a temporary re- straining order, a preliminary in- junction and eventually a permanent injunction against the board. Filed 5 minutes before the court closed yesterday, the case was hurried here after Judge Edgar E. Pomeroy, in the Fulton County (Atlanta) Su- perior Court, ruled two similar suits failed to show clearly that the ballot~ ing would mean an invasion of con- stitutional rights. THE WEATHER District of Columbia—Cloudy to- night and tomorrow; slightly colder tonight, with lowest temperature about 36 degrees; moderate northerly winds | becoming variable. Maryland—Mostly cloudy tonight | and tomorrow; somewhat colder on the coast tonight. Virginia—Mostly cloudy tonight and tomorrow; slightly colder tonight. West Virginia—Mostly cloudy, slightly colder in east portion tonight; tomorrow cloudy followed by light rain in west portion. River Report. Potomac and ~Shenandoah rivers clear today. Revort for Last 24 Hours. Temperature. !}romellr, #ot 1092 30.10 (Prom noon vesterday to noon today.) Highest, 45, noon yesterday: year ago. 44. TaWest. 40. noon today; year ago. 30. Record Temperatures This Year. . 98, July 20. Flshatt 28 o5 Jeluary es. Humidity for Last 21 Hours. [é noon vesterday to noon today.) Highest, 94 per cent, at 3 &.m. yesterday. Lowest. 76 Der cent, at noon yesterday. Tide Tables. (Purnished ynl States ‘Coast and & letic Iumly.) Auts ile one-half Bour after sunset. Precipitation. recipitation 1n inches in the Caioal (Burtent month to. date): 1 KNDH SEE DET BLLONINS Hits ‘Daisy Chain of Words’ in Roosevelt Solvency Speech. By the Assoclated Press. ‘WORCESTER, Mass., December 14, —Col. Frank Knox hit President Roosevelt's recent solvency speech at Atlanta by predicting last night the end of this fiscal year would see the Nation saddled with an unprecedented public debt of $34,000,000,000. Such a rise, the Chicago publisher, frequently mentioned as a Republican presidential possibility in 1936, told ‘Worcester County Republican women, would approximate a 60 per cent in- crease during the incompleted first term of th President. He assailed Rooseveltian “spending” and quoted freely from the President’s Atlanta speech in support of his thesis. There Roosevelt said, quoted Knox, “We are once more in the black. In 1933 we were insolvent. Today we are solvent.” Debt Increase Seen. “Then,” Knox added, “in the same speech he went on to say that in 1833 we had a debt of $21,000,000,000 (and, by the way, the correct figure was several hundred million dollars less than that) and he further admitted that on the day of his speech the debt had increased to more than $29,000,« 000,000. “But he avoided the additional fact that by the end of the present fiscal year the debt will be $34,000,000,000.” Knox charged the President “in other words assured the American people that by getting further into debt they were getting further out of it.” At Atlanta, said Knox, the President declared: “‘American life hds ime proved in these two years and a half— and, if I have anything to do with it, it is going to improve more in the days to come".” But, asserted Knox, “No daisy chain of words will make it s0.” Plan for Improvement. Improvement can come, he declared, only “through work and through lower costs in Government, not by merely ‘lowering deficits,’ as President Roose- velt promised to do in Atlanta,” bqt “by ‘stopping the deficits' as Candi- date Roosevelt promised to do if elected.” Ways of improving American life, Knox sald, ought to include: Return to a balanced budget, removal of all doubt of the future integrity of the dollar, a return to the gold standard, restoration to American citizens of their right to engage in private entere prise and stoppage of the Governe ment’s entrance into competition with its own taxpayers. Method to Control Manr’s Offspring Given Scientists Data Which May De- velop Super-Men Is Applied to Horses. By the Associated Press. Data on a method of determining the quality of man’s offspring, which scientists said might some day be used in developing super men, was presented yesterday by the Carnegie Institution. The method already has been used to develop a super horse, Discovery of the Vanderbilt Stables, champion of the year. The “Manerkon” system of deters mining the probable quality of offe spring differs from the centuries-old Mendelian laws of heredity, which deal with individual characteristics such as the color of eyes. The “Manerkon” formula expresses the sum total of the effect of a large number of genes on the chromosomes bits of protoplasm in body cells in which heredity is carried from gene eration to generation. Dr. H. H. Laughlin of the institu- tion's department of genetics worked out the “probability resultants” of the method by using race horses as experimental subjects because their ancestry records and performance records have been accurately kept for many years. He added it was conceivable it might be used on human beings, under certain conditions of racial ex« periment, if it were possible to ob- tain complete and accurate records of the ancestry of at least 1,000 individ- uals and & measure of what consti~ tutes a genius. Long Air Race. A simultaneous Moscow-Tiflis and Tiflis-Moscow race of 2,375 miles was participated in by 28 sport planes. Irvin S. Cobb Says: Success Crime and Fail- ure Profession in These Times. CULVER CITY, Calif, December 14—Granted that in these shifting times there is a somewhat prevalent tendency to regard it this way and be governed ace I cordingly: For a {4 man to have been & success is a crime, but to have been a faile f ure is a profese sion, Even so, there's still a thrill reading of the career of M. J. Van Sweragen Horatio Alger might have write ten him. He starts life as a . newsboy in Cleveland. Today, at 54, he lles dead there. How many millions he left. no- , | body knows., Probably he didn't much care. It must have been the sport and not the size of the game-bag that made him a dominant figure in rallroading and finance. That's one side of the American picture. The other side is that almost every one of us knows, or has heard, of a former reputed millionaire who'd like to get a good job somewhere selling newspapers. o ST fiens <