Evening Star Newspaper, May 22, 1935, Page 2

A—2 = THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C. WEDNESDAY, MAY 22, 193 HUMPHREYS CASE RULING IS NEAR Question of President’s "Right to Remove Officers Far-Reaching. BY DAVID LAWRENCE. The Supreme Court of the United States has had many important issues to decide this year, all the way from the gold clause cases to the matter of whether the Federal Government under the N. R. A. can regulate hours and wages, but there is no case be- fore it which transcends in impor- tance the question of whether the President of the United States shall be able to remove at will and with- out cause anybody in a Federal com- mission or bureau. The decision in the mow famous Humphreys case is believed to be due next week, or certainly the week after, when the court will recess tor the | | There are several official and unof- . Hence, within another fortnight the | ficial versions. No matter which one American people will know whether | you accept, it will be a tribute to the Summer. the President has behind him the sanction of constitutional law :n being dble not only to appoint men of his own choosing to key positions in the executive branch of the Government, but to force them to surrender their independent judgment at the penalty of removal. Important Points Involved. 1f the Supreme Court upholds Mr Roosevelt in his right of removal of all officers, whether they serve o the quasi-judicial commissions or in administrative posts, 1t will mean the following things: First, that the members of the Fed- eral Reserve Board will be removable at will and cannot therefore become the “supreme court” of monetary mat- ters, as recommended by Secretery of the Treasury Morgenthau in his re- cent testimony on the pending bank- ing bill. Second. That the members of the Federal Trade Commission, who are to be given important tasks to perform under the extended N. R. A, are not going to be judicial officers sittin, impartially in judgment on the many complicated issues involved in a fair trade practice case. They are to be subject to White House instructions. Third. That members of the Federal Communications Commission, which controls radio broadcasting, are to be removat ble at the wish of the Presi- dent, and this means political control of the air and the ultimate suppres- sion of criticism of the administration in power. Fourth. That the proposed national | labor relations board of three men is to be removable at any time by the President, hence all labor policies which the supposedly judicial board would normally consider on a fact and law basis must now become mat- ters of policy controlled and influ enced by the appointing and removal authority—namely, the President of the United States. Independent Commissions, All these commissions were set up by Congress as a sort of bi-partisan tribunal so that they would be inde- pendent commissions. In fact, that is what they are called in official cata- Jogues. But if the Supreme Court should rule that the President's power of removal is absolute, then Congress will lJose all check on these commis- sions once the members have been confirmed by the Senate. To put it another way, fixed tenure a8 it has been known throughout our history would disappear. The mere f4ct that Congress says & man shall serve for four or six or two years, as the case may be, will be meaningless. The President would have the right 8lso to ignore the specific injunction of Congress to the effect that removal should only be for stated causes. The issue in the Humphreys case, which was argued recently by Col. William Donovan, former Assistant Attorney General, is so broad that it may well be regarded as the most | important single case before the Su- preme Court. Not even the Schechter case on N. R. A. equals it in impor- tance, for there are so many issues involved in the N. R. A. dispute that many cases are bound to arise for future litigation. Once the Hum- phreys case, however, is disposed of, it will affect the form of our government for years to come, making the Pres- ident the virtual dictator of policies over independent commissions and bringing that kind of administrative or quasi-judicial body to an end. Rule Over L C. C. ‘Thus the Interstate Commerce Com- mission, which has heretofore decided railroad rate questions, would be sub- Ject to orders from the White House if the Supreme Court upheld the Pres- ident's blanket power of removal. What it means really is that all commissions and boards hereafter would become political and be the vic- tims of group and political pressure through or by the Executive. Well- informed lawyers are predicting that if the Supreme Court should hold that the power of removal is limited to what Congress specifies and that quasi-judicial commissions should be treated as more or less in the same category as the judiciary itself, it will mean more public confidence in com- missions and their independence of Jjudgment. It would develop a readi- ness on the part of Congress to en- trust and delegate authority to bi- partisan boards made up of men free from Influence by the presidential office, Oopyright. 1935.) Senafe. In joint session with House, hears President’s bonus veto. Debates $460,000,000 naval appro- priation bill. House. Leaders seek quick post-veto vote on_bonus. Ways and Means Committee con- tinues N. R. A. extension hearings. TOMORROW. Benate. Will debate Navy appropriation bill, or veto message on soldiers’ bonus. District Committee, general busi- ness, 3 p.m. Interstate Commerce Committee, hearing at 10 am. on bill for label- ing of boots and shoes. Commerce Committee, continued hearing on rivers and harbors bill. Banking Subcommittee, further hearings on omnibus banking bill House. Considers rules relating bills. Subcommittee on Public Health of the District Committee begins hear- ings on a bill to license and control so-called beauty parlors, 10:30 am. Judiciary Subcommittee begins hear- ings on a bill to raise the standards of the legal profession, 10:30 a.m. to minor What’s What Behind News In Capital A.A.A.Converts Smith to Policies—How Is Not Yet Apparent. BY PAUL MALLON. HE efficiet “triple A" publicity system appears to have slipped a cog somewhere, At least, in all its recent handouts of ac- complishments, it has failed to mention its greatest—the conver- sion of Senator Smith. This is said to be due to modesty, but, if so, it is the first time a publicity man has been accused of such a deficiency. However, the news should not be suppressed. Let it be known now and forever that, if the farm program should break down, it may not prove a total loss, as long as the A. A. A. has | won its severest Democratic critic. How it did it is not exactly clear. political sagacity of the Wallace-Davis regime, which was not supposed to know anything about politics. The A. A. A. boys have been working on Smith for the past 18 months, un- successfully. He is very important to them because he is chairman of the Senate Agriculture Committee, which handles their legislation. He blocked their amendments last session and {helped to hold up their plans for | strengthening their program. This ear, he also assisted in the strong Democratic congressional resistance to | these same A. A. A. amendments. Re- ‘;cvml_\z however, he reported them out, | and now he is going to vote for them. s AE SURFRIQSK.EM Some t IN. < ML Not only that, but he also co-| operated privately to the extent of let- | ting the A. A. A. crowd write the re- | | port which he submitted to the Sen- | ate in his own name. | since the millers, packers and other | processors contesting the amendments | | have heard about this, they are con- fessing sotto voce that their fight is lost. A few other Democratic Senators | | will carry on (Byrd, Long, Moore and | perhaps George), but they cannot be | | successful without Smith. | Economics. The explanation which Smith has| offered to his friends is economic. It| {is his view that the foreign market | | for cotton is being lost. As long as | foreign markets are not available some | domestic price protection program is | essential. He does not care much about the domestic allotment plan, but is willing to accept it reluctantly in view of the foreign situation. He| knows more about cotton than any | | one else in Congress and his views are | | influential with the powerful Southern | | segment of the Democratic party. | To appease that whole group the| | A. A. A has agreed to put the old| | McNary-Haugen stabilization fee idea | | and the old debenture plan into the new amendments. These old plAns" | are not to be used unless the A. A. A. | sees fit. The A A. A. boys say that, | | therefore, the concession does not| amount to much. Some substantial persons on the| | inside of this situation have a different view. They believe that within the | next year the A A. A. will get around | to these more precise methods of | maintaining a high domestic price | against a cheaper foreign price. Strong | sentiment for such export subsidies | | exists inside the Farm Bureau Federa- | tion, among cotton brokers, railroads | and others. There really seems to be ! something in the wind along this line. If the A. A. A. comes to this view it would mean that in the end it will be converted by Senator Smith instead | of Smith by it. Pressure. | An added inducement to the Sen- | ator, however, may be discovered in | the way the A. A. A. crowd has been | beating the bushes in his home State. | Their propaganda activities down there | have been ostensibly in favor of the | administration program, but, naturally, | these centered against Smith per- sonally. A lot of things are supposed to have been dug up. The extent of South Carolina sup- port for the A. A. A. program was manifest in the recent farmers’ march on Washington. Smith was out of town at the time, but he heard about it. There is no question now that the A. A. A. encouraged the promotion of | that march as part of its decentralized lobbying for its amendments. It is working generally on the old American Leglon lobbying plan of promoting sentiment among the folks back home for the influence it will have on Con- gress, rather than working on con- gressmen here directly. One bright A. A. A. boy recently suggested to Mr. Wallace the employ- ment of an unofficial lobbyist to wark | for the department directly on Con- gress here. Mr. Wallace rejected the idea on the ground that it might look bad. (SRR TR, } N Changes. The A. A. A. crowd has made many changes in its amendments. All were made to meet specific objections from congressmen and others. Essentially, they do not amount to much. For in- stance, the old ones permitted the A. A. A. crowd to go freely into the books of processors. As now drawn, they permit inspection of the books only on pertinent matters, and the A. A. A. cannot make the information public. The word “reduction” (of acreage) has been changed to “adjust- ment.” All the changes really mean is that the A. A. A can alter its program if it wants to, but it is not required to. Balloon? The announcement that Gov. Leh- man of New York would not be a candidate for re-election struck the Democratic party bosses here as a trial balloon to test his strength. They believe he will run again if sufficient popular sentiment devel- ops. Apparently Postmaster General Farley is out of it in any event. He is supposed to be satisfied with the mention of Robert Jackson (Govern- ment attorney who prosecuted An- drew Mellon) in case Lehman does not run. M, Topsy-Turvy. Huey's newspaper, the American Progress, runs the Blue Eagle emblem on the top of the front page—upside down. A A A A ISTURNING | [ win FARMER BITTER Cotton and Hog Programs Reacting Against Roose- velt’s Popularity. This is the second of three arti- cles in which the writer, who has just completed a seven-month tour of the United States, submits his observations on the country’s pres- ent temper toward the administra- tion, its policies and the eflect of these policies. BY GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY. Cotton States will not soon forget the Agricultural Adjustment Admin- istration. A war might have been more devastating, but, in the present temper of Southerners as I found them during my recent visits, no economic process could have harmed them more. When the dollar was devalued the cotton farmer assumed that he was being put on a competitive basis in the cotton market of the world. In| that market the United States has beld a dominant position during the whole course of the machine age. Dur- ing recent years of economic nation- alism, high tariffs, artificial exchange stabilization, etc., the export of cotton, as of all commodities, lessened, but the American producer still held the market. Then the A. A. A. came along and wiped out every advantage that the devalued dollar gave the American cotton farmer. He lost the market for 50 per cent of his product, first | because he had mo cotton to export | and, secondly, because his price, due to processing, was altogether out of line with world prices. Other Nations Grow Cotton. The excuse offered by the processors is that no market for cotton exists during this year of depression. Yet the fact remains that in 1934-5 Brazil will produce 1,561,000 bales of | cotton, as compared with a normal production of about 400,000 bales. In a word, the Brazilians are throwing an additional million bales on the market which they are confident exists. Egypt and India are increas- ing cotton production, while Soviet Russia is developing a new cotton region in Kazakistan. ‘What the processors apparently for- got when they made A. A. A. plans was that when the quantity of cotton produced is reduced, a large number of human beings are thrown out of work. The share-cropper, who has | now become the representative type of | the American dispossessed, finds that the A. A. A. program leaves him with- out the means of earning a living. The colored cotton picker has been thrown on relief almost entirely. Gin workers, packers, transportation work- ers and thousands of others have been thrown out of employment. Southern States have very few pay crops—cotton, sugar, lumber and truck gardening. All have been processed and controled and rigidities have been | imposed upon marketing until the Southern farmer, land-owner, share- cropper, sgricultural worker, country banker and storekeeper each finds himself in distress. Embittered Individual. He is an embittered individual. The power of Huey Long, Gov. Talmadge and Senator Bilbo, the inflationism of Senator Thomas of Oklahoma and the waning popularity of the Roose- | velt administration arise from this unsound economic condition. In all the discussion I heard on this subject, never once was a rational explana- tion offered for the loss of the Amer- ican position in the world cotton mar- ket. And no explanation is given which really justifies the carelessness of the agricultural administrators in forgetting the relationship of crop re- duction to the employment of labor in Southern States. In addition, processing and the general reduction of raised the price of manufactured commodities. They have raised the cost of living. The farmer who re- ceives a processing check from the Government finds that that check has a constantly decreasing value because | of the rise in commodity prices and | taxes. The farmer who gets the check discovers it is not worth what he an- ticipates it will bring him. He is beginning to understand that he cannot make money by reducing production, that money to him can come only from selling goods in mar- kets—in whatever markets are avail- able. In fact, I found men who were willing to admit that they might be better off if their product sold for a lower price than they are with Gov- ernment protection of the price. Pigs Come From China. Another factor in this situation is the increased import of animals and food commodities from abroad. When farmers in Iowa see pigs coming into their State from China, they are an- noyed even if processing has gen- erally helped them. Their reaction is more psychological than economic. Iowa once provided the world with pigs and might still be able to do it but for the destructive effect of proc- essing. For the first three months of 1835 the United States imported more than 500.000 pounds of fresh pork as compared with 43,166 last year; in March, 1935, 280,716 pounds were im- ported as compared with 26,557 dur- ing the same month in 1934. ‘Take fresh beef, for instance. In 1935, for the first three months, nearly two million pounds, as compared with 9,824 for the same period in 1934. In March, 1935, more than one million pounds were imported; in March, 1934, 2,811 pounds. It is true that these quantities are small compared with the total food consumption in the country, but they do indicate a definite shortage of nor- mal stocks. Figures on Imports. I have selected a few food products to show what has happened to im- ports, with the figures in pounds, ex- cept for corn: For the first three months of 1935 canned meat imports totaled 16,100,- 000 pounds; in 1934, 5,900,000. Total meat products were imported to the extent of 24,600,000 for the 1935 period and to the extent of 11,~ 000,000 pounds in 1934. Butter jumped from 127,501 pounds to 8,538,140 pounds. Corn, which was imported to the extent of 50,151 bush- els during the first quarter of 1934, skyrocketed to 17,017,550 this year. Cottonseed meal and cake made the most startling gain, increasing from 474,014 pounds in 1934 to 35,402,698 pounds this year. The drought undoutedly played an important role in the increase of the import of food products into, the United States. But I found on my travels through agricultural States and in the large cities that nobody was blaming the high price of meat upon the Weather Bureau. The farmer feels that if he had not permitted the destruction of his pigs live pigs and fresh pork; that if he | crops have | had worked his flelds, he would be selling surplus production in the American market. On the other hand, beet sugar ' Broadcast OWEN D. YOUNG. MARRINER S. ECCLES. YOUNG AND ECCLES FORUN SPEAKERS | Industrialist to Discuss | Bonus and Reserve Head Banking Bill. For the purpose of dealing ade- | quately with two of the most impor- tant issues now before Congress, and by the same token before the entire Na- tion, the National Radio Forum. ar- ranged by The Evening Star, will go on the air twice this week. Broadcast over a country-wide net- work of the National Broadcasting Co., | the Forum will present Owen D.| | Young tomorrow night | o'clock and Marriner 8. Eccl | ernor of the Federal Reserve Board, | at 10:30 | s, gov- | Saturday night at 9:30 o'clock. This is the first time in the seven- year history of the Forum that two | programs have been presented in a | single week, the trend of events at this time being primarily responsible for this week's departure from custom. Mr. Young, who is chairman of the board of the General Electric Co., and | long has been recognized as an au- | thority on finance and business, will | speak on “The Bonus and Inflation,” | a controversial subject which has oc- | cupied the immediate attention of Congress during recent days. Mr. Young is expected to analyze some of the arguments that have been pre- sented by those who favor the Patman bonus plan, or the compromise plans, as well as those presented by Presi- dent Roosevelt in submitting his veto message to Congress today. To Speak from New York. Mr. Young was invited to speak when it became certain the bonus issue would reach a climax in Con- gress this week. Mr. Eccles, center of the storm of controversy which has surrounded the banking bill now pending before the Senate Banking and Currency Sub- committee, will discuss the proposed legislation during his Saturday night | address. Mr. Eccles, declared to be author of the pending measure, is a young Utah financier who has been prominently identified with the Ib- eral group since his arrival in Wash- ington to assume a Federal post. To Discuss Control. In his Forum address, Mr. Eccles will deal principally with the much- attacked title 2 of the banking bill, the section which centralizes .ontrol over the volume of credit and cur- rency within the Pederal Reserve | Board. Outspoken critics of the meas- ure have minced no words in charg- ing that the bill as drawn would result in a dangerous increase of politi- cal domination of the Reserve system. Also, they charge, it would open the door to uncontrollable inflation. Mr. Eccles, answering that cen- tralization of control in the Reserve Board will be in the public interest and that the powers will be exer- cised in & manner to prevent violent inflation or deflation, will present his case in detail in his Forum address. farmers and wheat farmers speak fav- orably of the A. A. A. and of curtailed and controlled production. In Utah, prosperity has come almost entirely from Government checks and con- trols. In States where processiag has favored the farmer, he is pro-Roose- velt. But when the entire picture is con- sidered—namely, the reduction of crops for existing markets, the cur- tailment of labor, the rise in prices and taxes, and the psychological dissatis- Yaction over the increased import of commodities which the United States normally exports—then it is possible to generalize that the farmer is more dissatisfled than he usually is. All sorts of politicians are taking full advantage of this dissatisfaction. Father Coughlin’s inflationism is a direct appeal to the farmer, who hopes that cheap money will save him from high prices. (Do not try to un- derstand this formula, and I onmly it because it exists and men assume that it makes sense.) Huey Long is associating himself with Milo Reno, who has become a publicized agricultural leader. The silver Sena- Senators have inflationist program which is based on the most type of log-rolling. Even the admin- istration constantly compromises with this political combination. In a word, whereas the objective of the A. A. A, was to help the farmer by curtailing production so that the differential between the price for manufactured goods and farm com- modities might be equalized, actually it has reduced the cotton farmer to abject impoverishment, it has in- creased the import of food products, it has helped to raise the price of manufactured goods, and it has thrown thousands out of work. M"'B" 1035, the North American ¢ ewapaper Ine.) 13 | amount of notes issued. | taken out of circulation, reducing the NATIONAL BANK LOANS INCREASE Controller of Currency An- nounces $1,252,000 Jump Is First Since 1933. By the Associated Press. 1934, to March 4, 1935, was given as $1,252,000. This was disclosed today in an an- nouncement by J. F. T. O'Connor, controller of the currency. Though the increase was comparatively small, it contrasted with a decrease of $409,375,000 in loans and discounts between March 5, 1934, the date of the Spring call that year for state- ments of condition, and March 4, 1935, the date of the last call. Total Assets Increase. Despite a decrease of 16 in the num- ber of active national banks, it was announced, total assets had increased $329,703,000 by March 4, 1935, as compared to December 31, 1934, the date of the previous call. The latest figures showed 5451 ac- tive national banks, with assets of $25,059,283,000, which was $3,018,- 110,000 in excess of the total reported by 5,293 national banks on the com- parable date of last year. * Total deposits of national banks on March 4 amounted to $32,015,699,000, an increase of $339,396,000 for. the two - month period, and & gain of $3,225,212,000 over last year. Loans and discounts, which amounted to $7,489,904,000 on March 4, were equal 10 34.02 per cent of total deposits as compered with 42.04 per cent on the comparable date last year. National bank investments in Gov- ernment obligations, both direct and fully guaranteed, amounted to $7,120,- 291,000, an increase of $160,083.000 since December 31, and a galn of $1,712,943,000 in the year. Bank Notes Disappear. Meanwhile, national bank notes, doomed to disappear completely & few | months hence, were reported to be | slowly dropping from sight. In 10 weeks since plans for elminat- ing this form of currency were an- nounced, the banks have poured $375,~ 000,000 into the Treasury’s redemp- tion fund, but actually only $57,000,- 000 in the notes themselves have been withdrawn from circulation, of $845,- 000,000 originally outstanding. A national bank note is issued by the individual bank against the se- | curity of Government bonds of par- | ticular types, which the bank must deposit with the Treasury in addition to a cash deposit of § per cent of the | The Gov- ernment securities against which such notes may be issued are restricted, | for the most part, to two series, total- ing $675,000,000, both of which the Treasury has called for redemption on | August 1. The privilege of issuing bank notes against other Government securities expires July 15. Thus national bank notes will be | forms of currency to those controled | by the Federal Reserve Banks or the ! ‘Treasury. | $6 MINIMUM WAGE ;Compnny Boosts Daily Rate $1 to Get Back to Level of 1929. ADOPTED BY FORD accident which caused his : his own Yes, I have run short of money. found out what income I needed favested. ‘The rest I spent on friends and booksand pictures and of the “Odyssey” for the Unil H fast at first, 11,000 coples at $3.50 in & : So I plunged into improving my | cottage with booksheives, a new floor, | a bath and water heater of my own | design, always secure in the knowledge | that my income was safe. Then down ‘ goes the dollar, the crisis stops all American book sales, and then dvu.::j I pride myself on being knowing, and yet I did not foresee this treasury- induced spell of cheap money. My peace must be mixed with effort. Damn. A new page, & new subject. I saw Alexander Korda last month. I had not taken seriously the rumors that he meant to make a film of me, but they were persistent, so at last I asked for a meeting, and explained that I was inflexibly opposed to the whole notion. He was most decent and understanding—it surprised me in a film director—and has agreed to put it off till I die or welcome it. Loathe Being Celluloided. Is it age coming on, or what? But I loathe the notion of being ccliu- loided. My rare visits to cinemas always deepen in me a sense of their superficial falsity—vulgarity, I would have said, only I like the vulgarity that means the common man, and the badness of the films seems to me like edited and below-the-belt speciousness. Yet the news theaters, as they call them (little cinemas here and there that present a fact photo- graphed, and a current fact only) de- light me. The camera seems wholly in place as journalism, but when it tries to recreate it sets by teeth on edge. Korda is like an oil company which has drilled often and found two or three gushers and has prudently in- vested some of its proceeds in buying options over more sites. Some he may develop and others not. Oil is a transient business. Peace Effort Held Important. The money explained and the films considered, let us now pass question of the epitaph. I believe that sketch that they have of me is 15 years out of date. If you do supply an obituary, don't give too much im- portance to what I did in Arabia dur- ing the war. I feel that the Middle Eastern settlement put through by Winston Churchill and Young (edi- | By the Associated Press. i DETROIT, May 22.—Henry Ford, who stands out in the automobile | industry as “the great independent,” stepped up the minimum daily wage of his 126,000 employes yesterday from $5 to $6. adding $2,000,000 a month to the Ford Motor Co. pay roll. The increase restores the minimum | wage level of the Ford plants to | where it was in the pre-depression | months of 1929. The wage increase is in line with Ford’s often-repeated observation: *“We haven't seen any | real wages yet." Both Ford and Lincoln plants in Detroit and other citles share in the upward revision of the wage scale, and the announcement said that “many of the wage brackets above the new minimum will be given hourly rate advances from 5 cents upward.” Ford was & leader among the princi- pal manufacturers in stepping up | wage scales as far back as 1914. He boosted wages from $2.37 to $5 a day in that year and drew from econo- mists the prediction that the increase would be harmful to the company. Instead of retracting the plan, the Ford Co. established wage increases as 8 policy. By 1929 the minimum Ford daily wage was $7 and held at that figure until near the end of 1931. “The Ford Motor Co. has paid its workmen a total of $623,000.000 over and above what the company needed to have paid had it followed the gen- er;;- wage scale,” the announcement s —_— RACE OF WEAKLINGS IN RELIEF WARDS SEEN F. E. B. A. Dental Adviser Claims Mental and Physical Health Are Disintegrating. By the Associated Press. OMAHA, Nebr., May 22.—Dr. John T. Hanks of New York City, dental adviser for the P. E. R. A, said in an interview here yesterday that chil- dien on rellef are suffering disinte- grating effects in mental and physical health, and are in danger of becoming a race of mental and physical weak- lings. Dr. Hanks, here to address the Ne- braska State Dentists’ Association convention, pointed out that two- thirds of the relief group consists of women and children. Seventy out of every 100 families on relief have from two to five children, and the children are suffering from neglect, in the form of undernourishment, he said. KARPIS’ PAL SEIZED Son of Oklahoma Policeman De- tects Hunted Suspect. TULSA, Okla., May 22 (#).—Elmer erstwhile tor's note: Sir Hubert Young, now governor of Northern Rhodesia) and | me in 1921 (which still stands in every | particular—if only other peace treaties did!) should weigh more than fighting. And I feel, too, that this | settlement should weigh less than my illle since 1922, for the conquest of the last element, the air, seems to me | the only major task of our generation, “nnd I have convinced myself that | progres today is not made by a single | genius, but by a common effort. | It is the multitude of rough trans- port drivers, filling all the roads of England every night, who make this mechanical age. And it is the airman mechanics who are overcoming the air, not the Mollisons or Orlebars. (Editor’s note: James and Amy Mol- lison and Wing Comdr. Orlebar, cap- tain of the last British Schneider Cup team). Genius raids, but the com- mon people occupy and possess. Wherefore I stayed in the ranks and served to the best of my ability, much pride in themselves and their inarticu- late duty. I tried to make them see, with some success. That for eight years, and mow for TRAFFIC TIPS by the NAMONAL SAFETY COUNCIL Asleep at the Wheel. “Asleep at the wheel” is a much more common cause of automobile tragedy than we realize. There were more than 20,000 accidents caused by dozing drivers in this country last year. Mental and physical fatigue leads to such accidents. Tired minds and muscles are slow to react properly and drowsiness, which naturally follows, is extremely dangerous. Lack of sleep increases the danger of dozing off into & snoosze from which one may never awaken. Long periods road and take a nap. One commercial driver insists he drowsiness by munching peanuts. Another recommends sing- , loud and long (regardless of ability). Still other drivers get out and run up and down the road. ‘Washing the face in cold water may help, too. ‘These suggestions are submitted for what they msy be worth. Take your choles. A to the | influencing my fellow airmen toward | Lawrence of Arabia Lamented Fall of Dollar in Last Days Mentions Shrinkage in Income in Writ- ing Obituary—Middle Eastern Peace |Little Treaty Held High Light of Career. LONDON, May 22 (by radio). —Shortly before the recent motor death, T. E. Shaw—Lawrence of fokingly by his friend and biographer, Robert Graves, obituary, for which Graves had been agency. joke in reply. He wrote, “I have a deep sense that sense, is now over,” and he sent Graves the follow- here in full the last four I have been so curiously fortunate as to share in a littie revolu- tion we have in boat design. People | have thought we were at finality | there, for, since 1850, have merely got bigger/ When into | R. A. P. boats in 1929 every type was an fierce hostility, all the R. A. F. sailors and all the Navy said that they would break, sink, wear out, that they would be unmanageable. All this is not to | glorifty myself, but to explain. And here enters my last subject for this letter—your remarks on changes | we felt so much together at Oxford | after the war. about the change. I was then trying | to write, to be perhaps an artist (for | my long account of the Arab revolt had pretensions toward design and was written with great pains as studied prose) or to be at least cerebral. My head was aiming to create intangible things. That's not well put; all crea- tion is tangible. What I was trying to do, I suppose, was to carry a | superstructure of ideas upon or above ‘everythlnz I made. Failed in Being Artist. Well, I failed in that. By measuring ! myself against the people who really could write or really could paint, I knew that I was not made out of the same stuff. Artists (to use the word in its | 1arge sense) excite and attract me seduce me from what I am. Almost | I could be an artist, but there is some sort of core in me that puts on the brake. If I knew what it was, I would tell you or become one of the real ones. Only I can't. | When I made this discovery, I | changed direction and went into the | R. A. P, after straightening out that | Eastern tangle with Winston, a duty | that fell to me, I having been partly | | the cause of the tangle. How well the Middle East has done! It, more than any part of the world, has gained from the war. | _ However, as I said. I went into the R. A F. w0 serve a mechanical pur- pose, not as a leader, but as a cog of the machine. The key word, I think, is machine. self-uraining to become an artist had greatly widened my field of view. I | leave it to others to say whether I | chose well or not. One of the benefits | one learns that one doesn't matter, | One thing more. You remember me | writing to you when I first went into | the R. A. F. that it was the nearest | modern equivalent to going into a | monastery in the Middle Ages. That | was right in more than one sense. | Being a mechanic cuts one off from | all real communication with women. the | There are no women in the machines, in any machines. No woman, I be- lieve, can understand a mechanic’s happiness in serving his bits and | pieces. | (Copyright. 1835. by the North American | Newspaper Aluance. Inc.) VETERANS’ TRIP TODAY | Disabled Men to Be Guests of | Spanish War Group. ‘The trip to Mount Vernon for dis- abled veterans of all wars, sponsored by the United Spanish War Veterans of the District, takes place this after- noon. | "The steamer City of Washington | at 2 p.m., carrying 100 patients from St. Elizabeth's Hospital, 60 from Wal- ter Reed, 60 from Mount Alto and 91 from the Soldiers’ Home and hos- | pital. The Army Band will provide | music and the Women's Auxiliary, | headed by the department president, | Catherine Dintler, and chief of staff, | Margaret Burns, will furnish refresh- | ments. | The Capital Traction Co., the Gray Line and the A, B. & W. Line are furnishing busses for the transporta- | tion of veterans to the dock and re- turn. The steamer will return to the | city at 5:30. BOYS PLAY TARZAN Vacationer Finds Bedlam of Con- fusion in Home. W | PAMPA, Tex., May 22 (#).—What greeted Homer Wallace when he re- turned home after a vacation was catsup on the ceiling, flour on the |on the bathtub. “We were playing Tarzan,” con- fessed three small boys when collared. Loosened overhead light fixtures bore them out. There was nothink Tarzanlike in the protests that went up when parents took the trio in tow. Tarzan never said, “Ouch, that hurts.” | CAMP EVENT ARRANGED W. Spring Get-Together at Sudley, Md., Saturday. ©Old and new campers of the Young Women’s Christian Association will hold their annual Spring Get-Together meeting Saturday at Kamp Kahlert, the aisociation’s camp on West River at Sudley, Md. Busses will leave the main Y. W.C. A. building, Seventeenth and K streets, at 2 pm. for the camp, and will return at 9 pm. The afterncon is to be de- voted to boating and swimming, to be followed by a picnic supper in the evening. Y. Wish for Death Granted. SWITZ CITY, Ind, () —Mrs. Maude Reetor, 64, got her wish when her husband, n, died last Monday, she expressed a desire that she, too, might die. She succumbed to & para- 4 | broad-shouldered Littie won by You're quite right| I have been mechanical | | since, and a good mechanic, for my | of being part of a machine is that | was to leave the Wilson Line wharf | | furniture, sugar on the floor and ink | FOUR AMERICANS WIN AT ST.ANNES Again Triumphs Easily, Defeating Zach- arias, 4 and 3. By the Associated Press. ST. ANNES-ON-THE-SEA, England, May 22—Four Americans, including William Lawson Little, jr. of 8an Francisco, the defending champion, today gained the fourth round in the British amateur golf championship. The American contingent started the third day’s play with six members. The first victim of elimination was T. Suffern (Tommy) Tailer, jr., of Piping Rock, Long Isiand, who fell before the steady shooting of Eric Piddian, Mbfil-h Walker Cup player of 1982 1934 and iw amer- in the 1932 cham- pionship. Tailer lost” b a scote of 2 The other defes Ametican was Harvéy Shafter of N w Yorad crfbs was accounted for by G L. Q Eenrie ques, 3 and 1. 4 Plays in Even 4s, ' For the second sirmight day gin of 4 and 3, holes T toot-four local player, who took his defeat cheerfully and said “It was the biggest thrill of my life to meet the champion.” Capt. A. Bullock-Webster of Mon- terey, Calif., and Richard M. (Dick) Chapman and Dan R. Topping of Greenwich, Conn., joined the defending title holder in the march to the fourth | round. Bullock-Webster defeated Phil Farley of Canada, 1 up in 19 holes; Topping defeated Ernest Millard 1 up in the morning and T. A. (Dale) Bourne, 4 and 3 in the afternoon. and Chapman took the measure of W. H. | " | I have made in myself since the time Elkins, 5 and 4 Little to Meet McCallum. Little’s opponent in the fourth round tomorrow morning will be H. G. McCallum of Troon—the same town in Scotland that produced Jim Wallace, who was crushed by the husky American in the final at Prest- wick, a year ago. Topping’s double conquest was easi- ly the high light of the day's play. Against Millard he shot the outgoing holes in par 34 and in the afternoon he carded a 37 on the front nine for an average of one under 4s. He drove long and straight and usually fol- lowed up his tee shots with deadly seconds. Although the Connecticut player made quite an impression on British critics in practice and by his per- formances before the third round, his 4-and-3 victory over the formidable Bourne occasioned some eyebrow lift- ing. Bourne was a finalist in the 1932 championship and played on the Brit- ish Walker Cup teams of 1932 and 1934. Third-Round Results. W. Lawson Little, jr. San Pran- cisco, defeated J. Zacharias, England, 4 and 3. Richard M. Chapman, Greenwich, Conn., defeated W. H. Elkins, 5 and 4. Cyril Tolley, England, defeated C. 8. Buckley, 1 up. Capt. A. Bullock-Webster, Monterey, Calif, defeated Phil Farley, Canada, 1 up, 19 holes. Eric Fiddian, England, defeated T. Suffern Tailer, jr., Piping Rock, Long Island, 2 and 1 G. L. Q Henriques, England, de- feated Harvey Shaffer, New York, 3 and 1. Dan R. Topping, Greenwich, Conn., defeated T. A. Bourn, England, 4 and 3. Leslie Garnett, England, defeated O. | J. T. Llewelyn, England, 4 and 3. Robert Sweeney, formerly of New | York, defeated John Graham, Eng- land. 5 and ¢ Edward Kyle, England, defeated Stanley Noel, England, 1 up. AIR STATIONS CITED IN ADVERTISING CASE Fat-Reducing Preparation Brings | Order From U. . Communi- 1 i cations Board. By the Associated Press. l Acting on the assumption it is | charged with protecting public health, | the Federal Communications Commis- sion yesterday cited 21 radio stations | to defend their right to licenses as a | result of broadcasting programs ad- vertising a fat-reducing preparation. The commission said the stations at | various times had carried a program | boosting a preparation which the com- | mission said the Post Office Depart- | ment once acted against with fraud | order proceedings and which the Fed- |eral Trade Commission also had | banned. The Trade Commission order directed againg the company con- | cerned was voided by the United States | €upreme Court because interstate com- | petition was not shown, it was stated |~ The stations, which are to appear | October 3 to defend their licenses and | which, meanwhile, will continue oper- ation under temporary licenses, are KNX, Los Angeles; WBAP, Fort Worth; WGAR. Cleveland; WBAL, Baltimore; WGR, Buffalo; WHEC, Rochester, N. Y.; WHO, Des Moines; WIOD, Miami, Fla.; WIND, Gary, Ind.; WIRE, Indianapolis; WJAS, Pittsburgh; WJJD, Chicago; WJR, De- | troit; OKBW, Buffalo; WOW, Omaha; WOWO, Fort Wayne, Ind.: WSMB, | New Orleans; WTMJ, Milwaukee; | KFRC, San Francisco; KMBC, Kan- | sas City, and KMOX, St. Louis. FEATURES SPORT SCOPE By FRANCIS E. STAN. A popular column covering every phase of America’s Sporting Life . . . boxing, golf, base ball, swimming, etc. Section A, Page 14 4 regular feature in Star