Evening Star Newspaper, January 24, 1935, Page 2

A—2 =»» HOLDING COMPANY TAX QUESTIONABLE Child Labor Ruling Against Coercive Methods of Re- form in Way. BY DAVID LAWRENCE. While the administration has not | done anything more than discuss the matter in a general way, there is an extraordinary importance attached to the principle back of the plan to tax | holding companies in the electric light and power industry. When President Roosevelt the other day called in Attorney General Cum- ! mings, Secretary Morgenthau and Chairman McNinch of the Federal Power Commission to discuss legisla- tion to regulate holding companies, the information officially divulged later was that the idea of taxing the companies had been suggested and was being studied from a legal view- point and that no decision had been reached as to the course that would be followed. The general impression here among well-informed lawyers, however, is that any such tax would be held uncon- stitutional by the Supreme Court of the United States. For if it were proper to tax a holding company for a punitive reason, it would be just as easy to use the taxing power for any social purpose or reform in any matter of corporation activity. Control of all business by the Federal Government would then be a simple objective to attain. Famous Child Labor Case. The chief precedent which is cited as to the use of the taxing power as a means of accomplishing reform is in the famous child labor case, in which the Supreme Court of the United States said: “In the light of these features of the act a court must be blind not to see that the so-called tax is imposed to stop the employment of children within the age limits prescribed. Its prohibitory and regulatory effect and purpose are palpable. All others can see and understand this. How can we properly shut our minds to it? * * ¢ “Here the so-called tax is a penalty to coerce the people of a State to act as Congress wishes them to act in respect of a matter completely the business of the State government under the Federal Constitution.” In the holding company problem there is today no concealment of the desire of the administration to regu- late holding companies for reform ob- jectives which, however commendable, cannot be reached by the taxing power if the foregoing precedent is observed. Bringing the taxing power into play for a legislative purpose other than to raise revenue has been uniformly denounced by the Supreme Court as a subterfuge, so if holding companies are really to be regulated, the source of constitutional power must be sought elsewhere. Where would it come from? The holding company bill now being spon- sored by the administration looks first to the interstate commerce clause of the Constitution on the theory that a holding company is related to oper- ating companies by the use of the mails, by the sale of securities across State lines and by general interstate transactions. There is one lower court decision which has ruled that a holding company engages in inter- state commerce by supplying services or materials or funds to an operating company. But this has never been carried to the highest court. Transmission of Power. Where, of course, interstate trans- mission of electricity is concerned, there is no doubt as to the right of the Federal Government to intervene through its regulatory bodies, either the Federal Power Commission or any other agency it selects. As for the sale of securities nationally, this now is covered by the securities act and is handled by the Securities and Ex- change Commission. But it is doubtful whether action can be taken by Congress which would be upheld by the courts if all holding companies were selected for dis- criminatory treatment. For if the right to control holding companies incorporated under State laws is as- sumed by Congress with respect to utilities, it could be applied subse- quently to holding companies in every other industry and business, from newspapers to chain stores and from mining to automobile production. There is also some question as to how holding companies can be reached which have already issued securities, as Congress cannot make & retroactive law and cannot pass anything confiscatory—that is, any measure which seeks to take away property without paying for it or which strives by arbitrary action to cause a loss to holders of property. Method May Be Found. But a method of regulating holding companies may be found under the right to prevent monopolistic prac- tices, and it seems to be a foregone conclusion that some legislation will be passed at this session, irrespective of whether it is based on sound con- stitutional grounds. For the policy here nowadays is something like that of the late Presi- dent Theodore Roosevelt in Panama | when he said he had seized the ter- | ritory and the talk could come after- ward. The present administration | believes in assuming power and letting the litigation come afterward, know- What’s What Behind News In Capital Garner Apparently Cer- tain to Be Candidate for Re-election. I about President Roosevelt in- sisting that Vice President Garner should run again appears to BY PAUL MALLON. HE odds of Government are sometimes more important than the ends . . . That story have been inspired prematurely by} Mr. Garner's friends. Nevertheless, Mr. Roosevelt will insist on it eventually when the matter comes up. Some of the President’s political master minds would rather have a running mate from a State which is not Democratic, but it is evident now that they will not have their way. Mr. Garner has now changed his mind and wants to run. Congressman Dies has no evidence of censorship on which to base his move for a congressional inquiry. He is just fishing, or whitewashing . . .| Great Britain and the United States are the only important nations in the world having a free press. The rest are under government thumb or heel . . . Ben Cohen, master legal mind behind most of the New Deal financial reform legislation, does not care very| much about taking Mr. Pecora’s vacant job on the Securities and Exchange Commission. The White House con- siders the appointment settled, but Mr. Cohen does not. He can make more money practicing law in New York, but will eventually be patriotic and take the Government job. Congressmen are childishly jealous about getting their names on New Deal legislation. The bills are actually ghost-written by experts who never get any credit. Mcst Congressmen would not know how to write a bill without the aid of the congressional drafting service, yet they will fight to get their names on bills conceived and written by others. It is going to be hard next year for the scabies. The budget pro=- Poses $5,000,000 for their eradica- tion on sheep and goats. Postmas- ter General Farley will get more jobs out of that appropriation than he does out of his Post Office De- partment. It does not require the same mental acumen to chase scabies as to be a fourth-class post= master. $400,000 Weather Fund. ‘The weather probably is going to be very bad next year. The Government is spending an additional $400,000 to find out about it. The weather fore- casting appropriation has been boosted to $3.414,204 . . . State Secretary Hull has a new talking line on foreign trade. He tells all callers about the big negotiations with Canada and Italy. His reason is that expected agreements with Brazil and Colombia have not come through. A financial disturbance in Brazil is holding up the one and South American politics is holding up the other. It is always better to hold out new hopes than to try to explain delayed ones . When Treasury Secretary Morgenthau barred that foreign movie on Mrs. Morgenthau's recommendation, with- out seeing it himself, a few impertinent people arose to ask if it would not have been advisable to let all wives see it to learn whether it was decent enough for husbands .. . It costs the Government $35,000 a year to care for the lepers in Guam. Postmaster General Farley was sup- posed to have canceled those airmail contracts last Spring in order to save money, but he does not appear to have saved anything. The airmail deficit, as cited in the budget, was $9,531,000 for 1934, $11,323,000 for 1935 and $11,752,000 for 1936 (fiscal years) . .. The Supreme Court is still perturbed on the inside about the manner in which the Justice Depart- ment presents cases to the court. Some of those pointed questions asked by the justices in the gold cases are supposed to have been based on a de- sire to expose the dissatisfaction of the court with Government counsel. Mr. Glavis (ferret for Mr. Ickes) has turned 175 cases of violations of the labor clause of the oil code over to the Justice Department for prosecution, but up to now, there have been no prosecutions. $252,000 By Default. The Post Office Department profits $252,000 a year from money orders which are never cashed . . . One busi- ness which is better is the Govern- ment power business. It profited $812,574 from the sale of power (Muscle Shoals) last year and $2,000,- 000 this year, and it thinks it will make $4,600,000 in 1936 . . . N. R. Aers say they have as many Repub- licans as Democrats in their outfit. Most of the key figures are Repub- licans . . . The latest stunt tried by ing full well that court procedure is long drawn out and full of techni- calities and that maybe, when the rights are fully determined, the ob- Jective—namely, the destruction of holding companies, for instance—will have been accomplished anyhow. (Copyright, 1935.) LOUISIANA ‘DISTRICT’ FOUNDING IMMINENT; the Government to chase the starlings away from their nightly roosts on Government and other downtown buildings is to hire jobless men to carry balloons in hopes that the starlings | will be scared off. Evidentiy the star- Long Ready to Take Control of East Baton Rouge Parish Through Police Jury. By the Assoclated Press. BATON ROUGE, La., January 24— Under Huey Long's direction, the capital of Louisiana was all set today to become a little “District of Co- Jumbia,” with e “Pennsylvania ave- nue” and everything. The Senator was ready to take control of the local government of East Baton Rouge Parish, basis of the “District,” through the parish police jury, its governing body, to which Long appointed 13 new members yes- terday. The Long-controlled Public Service Commission was scheduled to resume hearings today of a State-wide tele- phone rate revision inquiry, with Long as its counsel. In the election last year Long promised to reduce rates. The Southern Bell Telephone & Tele- graph Co, contends rates are too low for a fair return oq‘a investment, lings think they are trial balloons. The principal power abuses cited in the report of Mr. Roosevelt’s National Power Policy Committeg (yet to be published) are: Pyramiding of oper- ating companies through holding companies, excessive management fees charged by holding company execu- tives for supposed supervision of oper- ating companies, inflation of utility stocks through write-ups of capitali- zation. Mr. Ickes is running in to see Mr. Roosevelt every day, and Con- gressmen are perturbed. They are almost unanimously against him for the proposed relief job. Ti objections are so deep that, if Mr. Roosevelt tries to appoint Mr. Ickes, Congress will unquestionably find a way to biock the appointment. William Filene of Boston can be quoted as saying that “price fixing by codes will succeed when fishes chase lions” . . . The New Deal should take those “under supervision of United States Treasury” signs from closed banks and place them on closed farms. ACopyright. 30868 .. THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, JUDGEPRYNE DIE HEADEDREDCROSS Appendicitis Fatal to Noted Humanitarian—Funeral Set for Saturday. As trains were rushing Red Cross ' ald to flood and storm-stricken people |in the Mississippi Valley area, Red | Cross workers today mourned the ‘denlh of their leader, Judge John | ! Barton Payne, who succumbed to pneumonia following an appendicitis operation at George Washington Uni- | versity Hospital. Judge Payne died | shortly after 1 o'clock this morning. | Funeral services for Judge Payne | will be held at 2 pm. Saturday at St. John's Church, at Sixteenth and H streets, with the rector, Rev. J. | Oliver Hart, officiating. Interment | will follow in Oak Hill Cemetery, where he will be buried beside his wife. The body was removed from | the hospital to the Speare funeral | home this morning, and will be taken i to the I street home this afternoon. President Roosevelt today issued the | following statement on the death of | Judge Payne |~ “Again the Nation mourns the loss | of a great man. And those of us who | were privileged to know John Barton Payne, as co-worker and friend, know | how unfortunate and untimely is his | passing. “His was an unselfish service. “To the lasting memory of this man it should and will be said that he never knew a boundary line either | within or without the United States | when flood, fire, earthquake or other | great adversity called the ‘Greatest | Mother’ to help the needy.” Judge Payne, who would have cele- brated his 80th birthday anniversary | Saturday, had served as chairman of | the American Red Cross since he| was appointed by President Harding in 1921. He was a former Secretary !of the Interior, a former member of the Superior Court bench of Illinois and a strike arbitrator during the ! ' world War. i Pneumonia Halts Recovery. | The venerable humanitarian was taken to the hospital several days ago for treatment of an attack of in- | fluenza. Appendicitis developed and | he underwent an operation last Satur- day. His physicians, Drs. Cary T. | Grayson, Walter Bloedorn and Charles Stanley White, announced‘ | vesterday that his recovery had been complicated by pneumonia, plus his advanced age. He grew steadily worse since yesterday morning until his death this morning. Dr. Bloedorn was with the patient at the time of death. Although two nieces, Mrs. Elizabeth Athey, who made her home with Judge Payne, and Miss Elizabeth S. Holland, 5207 Fourteenth street northwest. and Silas Strawn, a former law partner of Judge Payne, had been in the room during the day, as were several other friends and relatives, only the at- tending physician and nurses were | in the room at the time of death | The end was very peaceful, Dr. Bloe- | dorn said. i Entered Activities Late. | Judge Payne entered the most ac- k\:i\'e part of his life at an age when | most men are ready to retire. He was | 65 when he took over control of the | relief organization. | . Judge Payne was born January 26, | 1855, in Pruntytown, Va. and spent | his boyhood on a nearby farm, across | which surged the armies of the North | {and South during the Civil War. In | 1862 the house of his father, Dr. Fran- | ¢is Payne, was occupied by Gen. Burn- | !side and the Payne family's farm at | Orleans became the camping ground iol the Army of the Potomac. At 15 years of age he went to work as clerk in a general store at War- | renton, Va., at a salary of $50 for the | first year. Returning later to Prunty- | }town. then in the newly created State | |of West Virginia, he entered the em- ploy of the clerk of the circuit and | | county courts. The law library of the | | court was open to him, and he spent most of his evenings there in study. | After completing his studies he jour- neyed to Parkersburg in the caboose of a Baltimore & Ohio freight train to take and pass the bar examination. He first hung out his shingle in Kingwood, Preston County, where he served as chairman of the county's Democratic Committee and also pub- lished the West Virginia Argus. Some six years later he was elected mayor of the town. In November, 1882, however, he! left West Virginia and went to Chi- cago, where he laid the groundwork of a career that was to lead him to national prominence. In 1889 he was president of the Chicago Law Insti- tute and in 1895 he was elected judge of the Superior Court of Cook County, | Illinois. Aside from his legal work Mr. Payne will be best remembered in Chicago for his work as a South Park commissioner, member of the board which created and maintained the greatest playground system in Chicago. In 1913 President Wilson offered him the solicitor generalship of the United States, which he declined. In 1917, when the United States entered the World War, he gave up his Chi- cago law practice and offered his service to the Government. Served in Cabinet. His first duties as a Government representative were in settling strikes on the Pacific Coast. He later served under President Wilson as a member of the Board of Appeals, Treasury Department; as general counsel of the United States Shipping, Board Emer- gency Fleet Corporation, general coun- sel for the United States Rallroad Administration, serving in both of these capacities at the same time for several months. In 1919 he was named chairman of the United States Ship- ping Board, and in 1920 President Wilson appointed him Secretary of In- terior. A few months later he became director general of railroads, and car- ried on these duties in addition to those in the Interior Department. In October, 1921, President Harding asked him to accept the chairmanship of the American Red Cross. He ac- cepted/with the proviso that he serve without compensation and pay his own expenses, including traveling ex- | penses. He has since been reappointed by and served under Presidents Cool- idge, Hoover and Roosevelt. Judge Payne always retained a strong affection for his native State and this has been evidenced by gifts of $25,000 each to the University of Virginia and William and Mary Col- lege and a gift to the State of Virginia of his collection of old masters, mod- ern paintings, etchings, etc., which has been valued at $500,000. This col- lection is now housed in Battle Abbey, at_Richmond. Recently heegave $100,000 to the State as an initial sum toward the erection of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts at Richmond. To War- renton, Va. he gave a building and library. Twice Married. Mr. Payne was married twice, his second wife, Jennie Byrd, dying in 1919. In her memory he restored historic St. John's Church, opposite the White House on Lafayette He | question, Peace or war? ,bark, mize persons and respond unfi%nmuu Wirephoto The flood in North Misst of families homeless. THURSDAY, JANUARY 24, 1935. of Mississippi Town Inundated by Flood Copyright, A. P. Wirephoto. vaters of the Coldwater River, turbulent tributary stream ppi, swept over the town of Sledge, Miss., leaving scores Rowboats were used to take the homeless to higher ground. This photograph was taken of the flood by an Associated Press DEATHS IN STORMS ESTIMATED AT 100 Some Relief Forecast After 50-Year Records Fall, 14 Die in Floods. By the Assoclated Press. The storm-ridden Nation counted close to 100 weather deaths today, but saw relief ahead. While the Northern States and part of the South remained in the grip of the season’s worst weather, some mod- eration was forecast for tomorrow for the snow-laden East and Southeast. | Temperatures were already reported to have risen somewhat over the trom an airplane during the heig. photographer, Leader Dies JOHN BARTON PAYNE. —Harris-Ewing Photo, WALLACE SEEKING | CONSTITUTION CHANGE | | BY DIRECT REFERENDUM i pre (Continued From First Page) | revered and trusted as the Supreme Court.” They would give “national continuity” on matters “about which there can be no disagreement as to ' need for continuous poiicy.” He suggested such a council might be required to hold a “solemn referen- dum” before this country could enter | any war beyond its borders. “The first step,” the Secretary said, “is to provide for general, non-partisan | expression of purpose on such issues as tariffs, debts and land policy, all of which issues are practical approaches to the ultimate economic and spiritual | Council to Be Small. i “Such a council should be small,” Wallace said. “Four persons of a character and repute utterly above partisanship or class narrowness ought to be enough. I would have them appointed by the President, with the consent of Congress, for overlapping terms—say, for 9, 11, 13 and 15 years. Like the cabinet, this council would be closely attached to the presidency. Unlike the cabinet, it would be a rotating, permanent body, continuing across the administrations. * * * “Qrdinarily it takes seven years to amend the Constitution of the United States. That is, in effect, a veto by popular mandate; but, with events moving at their present rate, seven years is & perilously long time. By means of constitutional interpretation, the Supreme Court can veto a statute; but first the question has to reach the Supreme Court, and the whole process moves slowly and arbitrarily, in the light of the past. The proposal now is that, by council referendum, we give the voters direct power to amend the Constitution and to veto measures which, in their judgment, are now mis- guided or no longer useful. “This could be done, the lawyers tell me, by amending article 5 of the Constitution.” HITLER EXPECTED 10 REVEAL POLICY Announcement on Foreign and Domestic Problems Is Due Today. at whic is ex- important annot eaching for- rign and domestic problems appeared in progress at the chancellory today. The chancellory was heavily zuard- ed by police and a Reichswehr detach- ment stood at attention awaiting the arrival of cabinet members. Official circles expressed doubt that esults of the meeting will be made | lic because [ pected 1y they said, the session | “is confidential.” 1 Chancellor Hitler has been reported | to be contemplating a reafimation of ference for bilateral agree- { among European nations over the “multilateral pact mania.” He | also has been expected to renew his | plea for arms equality as a prerequisite | for a return to the League of Nations. | Another problem confronting the Reichsfuehrer is the future status of Hjalmar Schacht, whose term as act- ing economics minister, during which he has exercised almost dictatorial powers over the Reich's economic af- fairs, expires February 2. MRS. DORSEY FACES CHILD LABOR COUNT Formal Information Based on Slenczynski Concert Is Filed in Test Case. Formal Information was filed late yesterday against Mrs. Dorothy H. Dorsey, concert bureau manager, charging her with violating the Dis- trict’s child labor law in presenting Ruth Slenczynski, 10-year-old pianist, in a concert here Tuesday. The action was taken under the di- rection of the Board of Education and the formal papers were drawn in the office of E. Barrett Prettyman, cor- poration counsel, to make a friendly test of the law. ‘The case will be tried before Judge Fay L. Bentley in Juvenile Court, but regardless of the decision an appeal will be taken. This action will be de- layed, however, because of the illness of Robert E. Lynch, attorney for Mrs, Dorsey. -— Ancient Feed Used. Ranchers in sections of West Texas, faced with high feed prices, are turn- ing to sotol, weed used for feed in ancient times by Indians. Permit Again Sought to Bring Back Executed Criminal’s Life By the Associated Press. LOS ANGELES, January 24.—An- other duel with death is being planned by Dr. Robert E. Cornish—and this time a human life may be the prize. Dr. Cornish, 31-year-old University of California biochemist, who gained notoriety last year when he restored life processes to a pair of dogs that had been clinically killed by asphyxia- tion, is en route to see Gov. B. B. Moeur of Arizona. Dr. Cornish said he will ask permission to experiment with the body of an executed criminal. Because capital punishment in Ari- zona is effected by lethal gas, the body of a prisoner executed in that man- ner would be ideal for his work, he be- lieves. Gov. Moeur several months ago abruptly declined to consider the ex- periraent, but Dr. Cornish is optimistic of convincing him of the scientific merit of the test. He bases this faith on the fact that Gov. Moeur is a man of the medical world himself. “In any event, however, I am not quite ready yet to try the experiment on & human o ,” he said The dogs “eat, wag their tails, apparently still is affected by the ex- perience they underwent. “The dogs were ‘dead’ three min- utes,” Dr, Cornish declared. “Their hearts had stopped, circulaticn was interrupted and breathing had ceased. Apparently that brief space was long enough to allow disintegrating pro- cesses to begin in the brain.” ‘Therefore, he said he will not at- tempt his experiment on a human organism until a complete recovery has been produced in animals. He declared himself confident that he can banish death, restoring life as it is expressed in physical fi lons. But he has not yet been able to prove that this can be done without leaving the brain impaired. “There is no use restoring life to a human being if it means living as an idiot,” he said. “In the case of persons electrocuted, suffocated by smoke or gas, or shocked to death, it might be possible to re- store life in them. Sometimes patients die of shock or lowered resistance under anaesthetics on the operating table. We might be able to save many of them. The boundaries over which a living organism might pass before it ceases to be alive and becomes dead, he ob- elng pasnd backs SO Text of Message President Urges Harmonizing of Human Efforts With Nature in Utilizing National Resources for Benefit of Every Family. ‘The text of the President’s message| to Congress on national resources follows: To the Congress of the United States: During the three or four centuries of white men on the American continent, we find a continuous striving of civilization against nature. It is only in recent years that we have learned how greatly by these processes we have harmed nature and nature, in turn, has harmed us. We should not too largely blame our ancestors, for they found such teeming riches in woods and soil and water—such abundance above the earth and beneath {t—such freedom in the taking, that they gave small heed to the results that would follow the filling of their own immediate needs. Most of them, it is true., had come from many- peopled lands where necessity had invoked the preserving of the bounties of nature. But they had come here for the obtaining of a greater freedom, and it was natural that freedom of conscience and freedom of government should ex- tend itself in their minds to the unrestricted enjoyment of the free use of land and water. PFurthermore, it is only within our own generation that the develop- ment of science, leaping forward, has taught us where and how we violated nature’s immutable laws and where and how we can com- mence to repair such havoc as man has wrought. In recent years little groups of earnest men and women have told us of this havoc, of the cutting of our last stands of virgin timber, of the increasing floods, of the washing away of millions of acres of our top soils, of the lowering of our water tables, of the dangers of one-crop farming, of the deple- tion of our minerals—in short, the prudent people toward the private property. We as a take stock of what we as a Na own. We consider the uses which it can be put. We plan uses in the light of what we war to be, of what we want to acco plish as a people. We thir land and water and hu sources n atic 2 possessions to be directed by wise pro future days. We seek to use our natural resources not as a ol apart but as something that is terwoven Wwith industry, labor, finance, taxation, agriculture, homes, recreation, good citizenship. The results of this interweaving will have a greater influence on the future American standard of living than all the rest of our economics put together. Plans for Funds. For the coming eighteen months I have asked the Congress for $4.- 000,000,000 for public projects. A substantial portion of this sum will be used for objectives suggested this report. As years pass the Gov- ernment should plan to spend each year a reasonable and continuing sum in the development of this program. It is my hope, for ex- ample, that after the immediate crisis of unemployment begins to mend, we can afford to appropriate approximately $500,000,000 each year for this purpose. Eventually this appropriation should replace all such appropriations given in the past without planning. A permanent national resources board, toward the establishment of which we should be looking for- ward, would recommend yearly to the President and the Congress priority of projects in the national plan. This will give to the Con- gress, as is entirely proper, the final determination in relation to the projects and the appropriations involved. As I have already stated, it is evils that we have brought upon ourselves today and the even greater evils that will attend our children unless we act. Such is the condition that at- tends the exploitation of our natural resources if we continue our planless course. Human Consideration. But another element enters in. Men and nature must work hand in hand. The throwing out of balance of the resources of nature throws out of balance also the lives of men. We find millions of our citizens stranded in village and on farm—stranded there because na- ture cannot support them in the livelihood they had sought to gain through her. We find other millions gravitated to centers of population so vast that the laws of natural economics have broken down. If the misuse of natural resources alone were concerned, we should consider our problem only in terms of land and water. It is because misuse extends to what men and women are doing with their occu- pations and to their many mistakes in herding themselves together that I have chosen, in addressing the Congress, to use the broader term “national resources.” For the first time in our national history we have made an inventory of our national assets and the problems relating to them. For the first time we have drawn to- gether the foresight of the various p agencies of the Federal Government and suggested method and a policy for the future. I am sending you herewith the report of the National Resources Board, appointed by me on June 30, 1934, to prepare the comprehensive survey which so many of us have sought so long. I transmit also the report made by the Mississippi Valley Committee of the Public Works Administration, which com- mittee has also acted as the Water Planning Committee in the larger report. ‘These documents constitute a remarkable foundation for what we hope will be a permanent policy of orderly development in every part of the United States. It is a large subject, but it is a great and inspiring subject. May I com- mend to each and every one of you who constitute the Congress of the United States a careful read- ing of these reports. In this inventory of our national ) only because of the current emer- gency of unemployment and be- cause of the physical impossibility of surveying, weighing and testing each and every project that a segregation of items is clearly im- possible at the moment. For the same reason the consti- tuting of fixed and permanent ad- ministrative machinery would re- tard the immediate employment objective, Our goal must be a national one. Achievements in the arts of com- munication, of transportation, of mechanized production, of agricul- ture, of mining and of power, do not minimize the rights of State governments, but they go far be- yond the economics of State boundaries. Only through the growth of thought and action in terms of national economics can we best serve individual lives in individual localities. It is, as these reports point out, an error to say that we have “con- quered nature.” We must, rather, start to shape our lives in more harmonious reiationship with na- ture. This is a milestone in our progress toward that end. The future of every American family everywhere will be affected by the action we take. FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT. —_— CANADA TO RESTORE HALF OF SALARY CUT Minister of Finance Announces Measure to Be Submitted Would Be Effective April 1. By the Associated Press. OTTAWA, January 24—In such good shape are Canada’s finances that the government proposes to restore one-half the civil service salary de- duction, beginning April 1. Minister of Finance E. N. Rhodes told the House of Commons yesterday that the budget estimates submitted to 1t were prepared on the basis of the present year, thus containing pro- vision for deduction of 10 per cent from salaries of employes receiving more than $1,000 a year. “In view of the present state of the revenues,” he announced, “the gov- ernment proposes to submit a measure which will provide for a restoration of one-half of the reduction from April 0 e s sl st Westeren Canadian provinces and the | extreme Northern plains, and there was a promise of relief today in theé Midwest, where cold records of 50 3 ' standing broken. | Meanwhile at least 14 deaths in flood waters of the South, | rivers were on a wild rampage, he ! to swell the total of weather fata | Ten of the dead perished in No: ern Mississippi Four, additional deaths were reported from Tennessee Relief workers worked at top speed to bring aid to the hunger added to t vietims were Refugees Climb Trees. From 400 to 1,000 persons wer believed clinging to roofs and tre tops in the flcod area around Sledge Miss., and Gov. Ser ner w asked to ser N mnto the flood was found floating n flood stage at Ber unfortunate has been 30,000 were hired to shovel A blizzard ripped through Boston fic by air and sea was paralyzsd ia had its worst smowstor: in two decades. Ten weather death were counted in Pe Scho! wers closed in Ne , Conn. Passenger Train Derailed. was from 8 to 15 inches and, blocking traffic and far down into the sunny was so chilly at Miami he fight scheduled between Ross of Chicago and his Cali- ie Flick, had Monday night. na, Alabama, were also accidents caused Sidney re, Md,, was Barney fornia cha ST two deaths Kaufman one of t res that sagged as low as ial 55 below zero at Fred- ught suffering and the ddle West. Four deaths were attributed to the weather in Minnesota, and were added to the to of more than 70 who perished earlier in the week in storms that swept varjous sections of the country. Oklahoma had a dozen deaths for the entire cold snap. It was 8 below zero in Chicago, with a further drop forecast before moderation begins. Up in Iroquois Falls, Ontario, the mercury dropped to 73 below—close to the all-time Canadian low of minus 78':, recorded back in 1910. Mild weather, however, was the rule yesterday in Colorado, New Mexico and Wyoming, but Montana remained in the grip of subzero temperatures. Far down in South America the residents were complaining about the heat. The thermometer reached 105 at one point in Argentina. Auto show Planned. Austria’s automobile show will b2 held at Vienna March 10 to 17. Co By the Associated Press. TODAY. ngress in Brief ‘ Senate. Continues World Court debate. Munitions Committee expects ship- building official's answer to its demand that he waive immunity.’ Finance Committee continues hear- ings on Wagner social security bill. House. Debates $4,800,000,000 public works- relief bill. Military Committee hears new testi- mony on war profits. Banking Committee continues con- sideration of R. F. C. extension. YESTERDAY. Senate. Debated World Court. Recommitted promotion of Maj. Gen. John H. Russell, commandant of the Marine Corps. Interstate Commerce Committee heard Senator Bilbo, Democrat, of Mississippi, oppose confirmation of Eugene O. Sykes as member of Com- munications Commission. House. Ways and Means Committee heard Secretary Perkins and Relief Admin- istrator Hopkins on social security measure. Banking Committee heard R. F. C. proposal for liberalizing Ioans to industry. Military Committee received Ameri can Legion indorsement of measure , 10 ead wax »