Evening Star Newspaper, January 15, 1935, Page 2

A—2 4» WAR PROFITS RICH PLACED AT 22,000 New Millionaires Cited Plea for Funds to Con- tinue Probe. in By the Associated Press. An assertion that the World War created 22,000 new millionaires in America alone was made today by, Chairman Nye in pleading with the | Senate for $100,000 to continue the| . Munitions Committee's investigation. The North Dakota Independent Re- publican said the munitions industry *seems to have lost all sense of de-) cency and to be running wildly insane and roughshod over the nations of the | world.” “Not a member of the investigating committee believes we should jeop- ardize in any way the national de- fense,” Nye said, “but I say to you| today that national defense has be- come a racket, an international racket more vicious in its consequences, more sweeping in its influence than anyl racket ever conceived. “With the munitions industry, na- tional defense has become an insanity for profit.” Cites Increased War Expenditures. Declaring that America is spending this year on military preparedness more than twice as much as in the year before the great war, Nye asked: “Why these constantly enlarged plans and preparations for war? Why these repeated failures to accomplish understanding in disarmament con- ferences? “The answer is to be found, in a very large measure, in the hearings which have been conducted by the Fenate Committee. “Those hearings reveal a fondness for profit and a scorn for the cause of disarmament among munitions makers of the world. “If we can scmehow find the way to make for less dollar prosperity in times of war than in times of peace we shall have taken large steps in eliminating a vast degree of danger of more war.” Hits Du Ponts. ‘The Du Ponts, Nye -contended, reached their “pinnacle of control over | a titanic industrial empire wholly by Yeason of the profit which they were permitted to take out of four years of war.” xcept as men were bleeding and dying and except as property was being destroyed on every hand,” he said, “the Du Ponts could not have had that gain which came to them through four years of war, a gain so great as to represent a return upon their invested capita] of more than An average of 100 per cent per year during the four years of the war.” HARLAN COAL CASE TESTIMONY ENDED N | What’s What Behind News In Capital Naval Race Foreseen Despite Hopes of Norman Davis. BY PAUL MALLON. ORMAN DAVIS returned from | the futile London naval con-f versations exuding optimism ! and hope. 1 The roving Ambassador told | newsmen he did not expect a naval | race, but confidently believed an ulti- | mate agreement is probable. ! What he told them off the record | cannot be repeated, but it is no viola- | tion of confidence to disclose that it was even more roseate. No one here will believe him—that | is, no one in the State and Navy De- partments and, perhaps, even the White House. There is a widespread suspicion that Mr. Davis’ optimism is a diplomatic pose, and that his hope is diplomatic slush. The capable Am- bassador at Large has been a diplo- mat so long that his best friends sus- pect he is beginning to believe the things he says. A fair statement of the way this Government looks at the mnaval situation from the inside is this: If the British and the Americans would promise to give the Japa- nese the right to full equality at the end of a definite period, say 5 or 10 years, a compromise might be reached. We will not agree to that. The Japanese will not take anything less. Seriousness of Japan. Our authorities generally are con- vinced of the seriousness of Japanese intentions. They say the Japanese have let us know in many little ways { that they intend to get the right to parity in the future, and, if we do not want to give it to them, they will take The conviction is widespread that 11936 will be the crucial period of | post-war naval history. We are not | going to start the race. When the treaty expires we will go along build- ing and replacing in accordance with the program laid down in the treaty. If a naval race is started, it will be by the Japanese. If they build |one ship above the 5—5—3 treaty ratio, then the race is on. In that event our authorities are planning to get Congress to agree to a sliding- scale building program’ under which we can maintain a strength of 5 to 3 against the Japanese. Few well-informed persons place THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, TUESDAY, JANUARY 15, 1935. Backed for Post BALDWIN B. BANE. —Harris-Ewing Photo GOV. EARLE ASKS STATEINCOME TAX Pennsylvania Executive At- tacks Utilities, Lobbies and “Special Interests.” By the Associated Press. HARRISBURG, Pa., January 15.— Gov. George H. Earle today demanded a State income tax and revision of the constitution, in a “New Deal” message in which he attacked utili- ties, lobbies, Wall Street and “special interests.” The commonwealth’s new chief executive, in his inaugural address frcm the open-air platform in the Capitol Plaza, also advocated unem- ployment insurance, old age pensions and an increased State borrowing | power, to be made possible by a revised constitution. He stressed the “right of private | property.” “Monopolistic” milk in- terests were warned of closer regu- lation. Building and loan associa- tions were promised aid in regaining “their real place in the financial life of the community.” Warns Against Child Labor. Earle warned that “child labor must never return.” Supporting his demand for an in- come tax, Earle said 60 per cent of the wealth in the State is in stocks, bonds and other personal property, but 90 per cent of local taxation is derived from real estate. “This grossly unfair situation is a | perfect example of the dead hand of | the past crushing the present,” the | much faith in the interesting story coming over from London by unofficial word - of - mouth cable. This yarn is to the eflect that the Japamese delegates gave the United Mine Workers Complete Complaints on Violations of N. R. A. Code. By the Associated Press. . PINEVILLE, Ky, January 15.— Testimony egainst Harlan County goal companies charged with violat- ing the N. R. A. coal code was ended yesterday by representatives of the TUnited Mine Workers of America. Only one of the 12 companies cited by the National Coal Labor Board, Division No. 1, South, was represent- ed at the hearing, which began Satur- day. Chairman Charles B. Barnes of Cincinnati ruled, however, that the fact they did not send representa- tives did not preclude the hearing of ‘complaints. A stenographer took notes on the hearings for the benefit ©of the defendant companies. The board, composed of Chairman Barnes, Van A. Bittner, Charleston, W. Va, labor member, and E. C. Ma- an, Knoxville, Tenn., operators’ Jmember, is to make its rulings after ‘considering the testimony in execu- ‘tive session at a later meeting in Cincirnati. DUKE PREFERS EXILE T0 SHEDDING BLOOD | ,Count of Paris, Pretender to| Throne, Opposes Royalist Coup d'Etat. By the Assoclated Press, . PARIS.—The Count of Paris, young heir to France’s non-existant throne, would prefer to remain in exile rather than sacrifice French blood in a toyalist coup d'etat. At the chateau near Brussels where he lives with his father, the Duke of Guise, pretender to the throne, Count Henri said: “If the throne of France was of- fered to us and blood had to be spilled to seize it we would say ‘never’!” The count, who is 26 years old, dis- closed that his father has assigned him the task of converting France to the idea of another monarchy. He is directing his efforts at the peasants and workers, he said, explaining that “in the peasant and worker masses uiu! monarchial idea is not now pop- ular.” “But a monarchy,” he added, “which leans only on the middle class (the largest in France) is inconceivable.” —_— CENTENNIAL PROGRAM Portuguese Club of Georgetown University to Hold Exercises. The fourth centennial of the foun- dation of Lima, Peru, is to be com- memorated Friday at 8:30 pm. at & special meeting of the Portuguese Club of Georgetown University at Delta Sigma Phi fraternity house, 1719 Q street. Manuel Canyes of the Pan-Amer- ican Union and Ray Mahoney of Georgetown University will be the speakers. Officials of the Pan-Amer- ican Union and the Peruvian Em- bassy will be among the special guests. Oral J. Jenson, president of the Portuguese Club, will preside. e NICE TRADE SPEAKER Maryland Governor to Address Board at 8 Tonight. Gov: Harry ;W. Nice of Maryland, making his first public appearance in the Capital since his inauguration, will address the Washington Board of Trade at its monthly meeting tonight at 8 o'clock at the Mayflower Hotel. ‘The address will be followed by a buffet supper-and an entertalnment 4 | sumption. impression when they left Landon that they were willing to enter any kind of agreement to save their Jaces back home. They were sup- posed to de going home with the idea of tryihg to sell their gov- ernment the British compromise proposal. This proposal is that each of the powers publicly an- nounce its building program for a period of years and agree not to change the program without giv- ing advance notice. o The program would be based, of course, on the 5—5—3 relationship. Japan would be granted in principle the right to build up to full naval parity, but she must hold her an- nounced program within the 5—5—3 ratio, although every one would agree never to mention the word “ratio” again. In other words, Japan would | receive the theoretical right to parity | providing she promised not to exer- cise it. Not Anxious For Race. It is probably true that the Japa- nese do not want a race, because they know we could outbuild them. They want to restrict us and the British, if they can. Also, they need & diplomatic victory for home con- But whether they would accept this grand idea is something else again. The yarn has reached the biggest officials’ ears here. Frankly, they have not been impressed. Another sub-rosa yarn from Lon- don is the one that our officials at the conference asked the Japanese at one point to deflne what they con- sidered to be “offensive weapons of war.” The Japanese thought about it a while and replied that battleships, heavy cruisers and aircraft carriers should be so classified. | | The Japanese then asked us to offer our definition of offensive weapons. The comeback made by one of our delegates was this classic: “Any weapon is offensive when you are in front of it and defensive when you are behind it.” The Japanese have not quite figured that one out yet. The Supteme Court gold case has stimulated fantastic estimates of contracts outstanding calling for payment in gold. Some pubiished estimates run up as high as 300 billion dollars, an inconceivable figure. No ome knows precisely what the amount is, but the best guess of the best authority here is 100 billions. That is nearly 10 times as much gold as there is in the world. The use of gold can be best under- stood by likening it to chips in a poker game. The chips do not repre- sent the amount of money in the game or even the amount which changes hands. The chips are merely the exchange medium, and are used again and again. The clearest budgetary survey sub- mitted by any Government depart- ment was that of Labor Secretary Perkins. She listed what she wanted to use her increases for, in such a way that they could be understood. The Government is going to spend $8,000 more next year to keep the In- dians away from firewatdr. budget calls for $55,880 for the noble purpose of “suppressing the liquor traffic” among the red men, $ut not a nickel is included for that purpose among white men, Mr. Ickes' appetite for investigating people and things is ngt on the wane. His Interior Department Bureau of Investigations is getting an increase of $30,000, mostly for salary increases, in the new budget, and will spend nearly $400,000 next year. - ~ «couyruht'uu.x Governor said, pointing out that when | the present constitution was adopted | in 1874, real estate amounted to 90 per cent of the State’s wealth, Pay Rolls to Be Cut. With a statement that he intends to “cut down on pay rolls.” the Gov- ernor voiced his intention “to con- duct the State government on businesslike lines.” Earle came out strongly for work relief rather than .the dole and stressed his views for revision of the constitution on that subject, also by stating “a very ill-timed tax increase” may be necessary to meet relief needs because of the State’s inability to borrow. CONGRESS MEMBERS ATTEND. More Than 100 Participate in In- | auguration of Gov. Earle. By the Associated Press. More than a hundred members of Congress left the Capital this morning for Harrisburg, Pa.. to attend the in- auguration of George H. Earle as Pennsylvania's first Democratic Gov- ern in 44 years. Leaders of the delegation said Speaker Byrns sent word that his physiclan had ordered him not to make the trip. He and Representa- tive Boland, the Democratic Whip, had been “commanded” by Pennsyl- vania’s Democratic Representatives to appear in silk hats and morning trousers. Boland wore a derby when he boarded the train. The group was to be met at Harris- burg by Senator Guffey, Democrat, of Pennsylvania and Postmaster General Farley, who were to lead a parade to the inaugural platform. . WRITERS TO MEET Creative Writing Class of Catho- lic Alumnae Convenes Thursday. The first meeting of the newly- formed class in creative writing, sponsored by the Department of Lit- erature of the International Federation of Catholic Alumnae of the District, will be held Thursday at 7:30 p.m. at 1508 L street, Mrs. Lewis A. Payne, governor of the local chapter of the federation, announced today. The class, which will meet every Thursday, is open to the 15 local asso- ciations of the District Chapter of the federation. Miss Ruth Craven of the Holy Cross Alumnae is chairman of the Department of Literature. Dr. Speer Strahan of Catholic Uni- versity will direct the class. Dairy Horse Resists Machine. NEW YORK (#).—Against the steady advance of the machine age, the milkman’s horse still stands in stanch resistance. And in the opin- ion of the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, we are likely to have the milkman’s horse with us for a long time. The society points out that New York dairy com- panies have put rubber shoes on their horses and have rubber-tired their wagons, tuning down considerably the early-morning milk wagon racket. The society reports there are about 20,000 horses left in New York. Not all of them pull milk wagons. | the United States is a party unless this | Government agrees it shall doso. This strictly | SECURITIES POSTS | NEARER FOR FIVE Senate Committee Nomi- nates Kennedy as Chair- man of Commission. By the Associated Press. Nominations of the five members of the Securities and Exchange Commis- sion, including Joseph P. Kennedy, the chairman, were approved today by the Senate Banking Committee. The committee deferred action on President Roosevelt's nomination of Marriner 8. Eccles as governor of the Federal Reserve Board and Adolph C. Miller, veteran member of the board. Glass Not at Meeting. Action on the Eccles appointment was postponed at the request of Sen- ator Glass, Democrat, of Virginia, who was unable to attend the meet- ing. The committee left the Miller nomination for consideration at the same time it acts on Eccles. Other members of the Securities and Exchange Commission approved were George C. Mathers, James M. Landis, Robert E. Healy and Fer- dinand Pecora. The latter already has indicated he will resign to accept appointment to the New York State Supreme Court. Bane Supported. Strong support is being exerted at the White House for the nomination of Baldwin B. Bane of Virginia to succeed Pecora. Bane, now executive administrator of the commission, and formerly chief of the division which administered the securities act under the Federal Trade Commission, was backed by the two Virginia Senators and a number of others, including Chairman Fletch- er of the Senate Banking Committee. Bane was understood to be at least one of the leading candidates for the vacancy. A number of others were in the field, however, including Ben Cohen, associate counsel of the Public Works Administration. Cohen was one of the “brain trusters” who col- laborated in drafting the stock mar- ket bill. ROBINSON BEGINS SENATE’S DEBATE ON WORLD COURT (Continued From First Page.) is true both as to disputed cases and advisory opinions. The sole specific obligation which will result from our adherence pertains to the payment by the United States of a fair share of the court’s expenses.” Senator Robinson referred to the five reservations which the Senate adopted when it ratified the protocol of adherence to the World Court in January, 1926. The principal reserva- tion' related to advisory opinions given by the court and provided that with- out the consent of the United States the court should not entertain any re- | quest for an advisory opinion touching | any dispute or question in which the United States has or claims an inter- est. This reservation proved a stum- | bling-block to American membership | in the court at that time. Some of the member nations objected, : Since that time, however, the so- called Root formula has been promul- gated and accepted by the other na- tions. This formula preserves in ef- fect reservation 5. Two Opportunities for U. S. Under this formula Senator Robin- son said two opportunities are given the United States to prevent an ad- visory opinion to which it objects. The first is before the Council or | Assembly in which case the same force and effect is given an objection | by the United States as attaches to | a vote in the Council or Assembly | by a member of the League of \ Nations. “Whenever request for advisory opinion comes to the court,” con- | tinued Senator Robinson, “the United | States shall be notified. a reasonable | time fixed within which a written statement by the United States con- cerning the request may be filed, and exchange of views is provided for and if no agreement be reached the United States may withdraw without imputation of unfriendliness.” Senator Gore of Oklahoma offered an amendment to the resolution for ratification, providing that American adherence to the World Court shall not become effective and binding while any other nation which is a | member of the Court and which is indebted to the United States shall be in arrears for a period of more than than six months in respect of any payment due this country. The | Oklahoma Senator by this amend- | ment seeks to force again considera- tion of the World War debts owed |PECORA CONFIRMED AS COURT JUSTICE New York Senate Approves Ap- pointment to Supreme Bench of First Bistrict. By the Associated Press. ALBANY, N. Y, January 15.—After being held up in committee for a week, the appointment of Ferdinand I. Pecora of New York City as Supreme Court Justice of the first judicial dis- trict was unanimously confirmed to- day by the New York Senate. “Very, Very Nice,” Says Pecora. Perdinand Pecora said today it was “very, very nice” when told the New York State Senate had confirmed his appointment as Supreme Court Justice of the first judicial district. A member of the Securities and Ex- change Commission, Pecora was at- tending a meeting when told of his confirmation. Substitute Throat of Rubber Saves Life of 3-Day-Old Girl By the Associated Press. BALTIMORE, January 15.—A tiny girl; born here three days ago without a throat opening, today was given a good chance of continuing life through an emergency operation which gave her a rubber-tube throat passage. Surgeons at the Maryland General Hospital, where the operation was per- formed, said they planned a second one later to restore the esophagus to its normal functioning. v “After that,” said Dr. P. A. Insley, one of the surgeons, “the child should ;;'e able to eat in a normal manner. can 5 and mouth to her lungs. was open when she was born, but when nurses found she could not swallow food, physicians investigated and discovered | the {hroat opening to the stomach was | an unopened tube. An incision was made and the rub- name the physicians declined to dis- clo:.unwbduhdthmuhm t ul appears to be no reason why it should not live,” said Drn.uhlmlq “and are going to g for the haby through the tissue where the natural sesoph- agus ahould pe, but 0t L] eery and Roses Help Inauguration of Airline After lovely ladies and red roses had helped send off the westbound plane of American Airlines on the inaugural flight of the new 20-hour service between Washington and Los Angeles yesterday the first eastbound plane came in from California and disgorged the un- handsome countenance of Wallace Beery, specialist in movie roles of the ugly villain. The upper photo- graph, made as the California plane arrived at Washington Air- port at 5 pm., shows Beery, com- plete with derby, telling the story of his trip, with gestures, to Mr. and Mrs. Elliott Roosevelt, who met the plane. Left to right, are: Amon Carter, Fort Worth pub- lisher and inaugural passenger; Mr. and Mrs. Roosevelt, Beery and Mrs. C. R. Smith, wife of the presi- dent of American Airlines. The lower photo, made just before the take-off of the first plane from ‘Washington Airport for the West, shows, left to right: Miss Anne Frazier Crowley, daughter of Carl Crowley, solicitor of the Post Office Department; Miss Anne Laxton, granddaughter of Gen. “Stonewall” Jackson, and Mr. Smith. —Star Staff and Underwood Photos. POLICE INCREASE ASKED BY GROUP Takoma, D. C., Association Hears Prettyman on Wider Powers. ‘The proposal for an increased police force was approved by the Citizens’ Association of Takoma, D. C, at & meeting last night in the Takoma Park Branch of the Washington Pub- lic Library. Dr. Guy Clinton, chairman of the Police and Fire Committee, reported in this connection that it was pro- posed by District police officials to restore the 35 men omitted in the last appropriation bill and add 108 men in order to provide better pro- tection. Dr. Clinton was appointed to represent the association at the city-wide committee meeting to be held shortly to discuss the police situation. The meeting will be held under the auspices of the Columbia Heights Business Men’s Association. Mrs. Mary Lamond White, presi- dent of the association, and Walter Irey, secretary. will represent the or- ganization at the public hearing to- morrow morning in the District BuilG- ing to discuss the proposed bill to increase the powers of the Commis- sioners. The association also will bs represented at the better housing pro- gram meeting in the Interstate Com- merce Building tomorrow night. E. Barrett Prettyman, corporation counsel, addressed last night's meet- ing on the tentative bill enlarging the powers of the Commissioners. He pointed out that approximately 37 boards were functioning, under vari- ous laws and acts of Congress, and in his opinion, the executive power should be concentrated by giving the Commissioners what he termed emerg- ency reserve power. He outlined in detail the background of the bill and referred to previous measures which had been introduced in Congress dele- | gating to the Commissioners all of the | power that it could give them The speaker also referred to other sections of the proposed bill including highways and parks, finances, police department, health department and tax features. . FARMERS TO MEET. FAIRFAX, Va, January 15 (Spe- cial) —Farmers of Fairfax County have been asked by County Agricul- tural Agent H. B. Derr to meet in the court house tonight at 7:45 o'clock, at which time two specialists from the Agricultural Department will discuss the farming outlook for 1935. | BIGCONTRIBUTIONS IS DEMOCRATS' AIM Prominent Party Members Expected to Be Asked to End $500,000 Deficit. By the Associated Press. | ~ With their eyes on 1936, Democratic |leaders planned today to raise {500,000 and get their party out of the red by March 1. At conferences to be held within the next few weeks, an authoritative | source said, prominent Democrats {will be invited to chip in $1,000 | apiece to wipe out a long-standing | deficit and clean the slate for the presidential contest. The Democratic deficit amounted | to $552,792 on January 1. Much of it was a carry-over from 1928. Sev- | eral drives to remove the red ink have been started, but each fell short. G. O. P. Over Top. ‘The Republican National Commit- tee is showing a surplus of $184. The last attempt to wipe out the camps. Last November Chairman Farley of the Democratic National Committee said the “aid of citizens from all parts of the country” would be enlisted to clean up party debts | by January 1. Questions Legality. Senator Vandenberg, Republican, of Michigan unloosed an attack on Far- ley, told him to quit either the Post- master generalship or chairmanship of the party and asserted Farley pus- sibly was violating the law by appeal- ing for a half-million dollars. In the new effort, it was indicated the rank and file would be depended upon through State quotas to provide the year's operating expenses. More Electricity Used. Consumption of electric power in the International Settlement at Shanghai, China, last year was nearly one-third greater than in 1933, indicating an up- turn in industry. Cuba Decorates D. C. Lawyer C. A. DOUGLAS HONORED FOR WORK ON TREATY IN 1925. deficit drew criticism from opposing POPULAR SCHOOL BOARD VOTE URGED | | Capper Reintroduces Bill to Allow Residents to Elect Members. ‘The proposal to allow the people | of the District to elect the Board of | Education wa3 reintroduced in the Senate late yesterday by Senator Cap- per of Kansas, ranking minority member of the District Committee. At present the board members are ap- pointed by justices of the District| | Supreme Court. Senator Capper has sponsored a | similar measure in previous sessions of Congress, and several hearings have been held on it in recent years. Board Size the Same. The size of the board would remain | at nine, and after the election of the | first board the terms of three mem- | bers would expire each year. The annual elections would take place on the third Tuesday of May. The bill sets forth in detail the qualifications of voters and the con- ditions to be complied with in nomi- nating candidates. The Commission- ers would lay out the precincts, which would be grouped into three electoral divisions. Reintroduction of the bill came in the midst of a revival of the discus- sion over whether the proposal to in- crease the general powers of the Dis- trict Commissioners should give them ;gy d-dded authority over the school ard. Seeks War Memorial. Senator Copeland, Democrat, of New York, yesterday reintroduced his bill to provide for a $2,000,000 memorial in Washington in honor of the sol- diers, sailors and Marines who lost | their lives in the World War. The measure would create a World War Memorial Commission of seven mem- bers to plan the memorial and to ac- quire a site costing not more than $100,000. The proposed commission would seek the views of the National sion and of the Pine Arts Commission on the proposed plans. BANQUET IS PLANNED BY ORDER OF CARABAQ Col. H. C. Reisinger Heads Enter- tainment Committee for Event February 9. ‘The thirty-seventh annual banquet of the Military Order of the Carabao, composed of Army, Navy and Marine Corps officers who have served in the Philippines, will be held February 9 at the Willard Hotel. Sonia Troyano in a number of Span- ish songs. Other entertainers will be George O’Connor, Fred East, Bill Raymond, Ed Steffe and Bill Shana- han, ‘The Marine Band Orchestra, con- ducted by Capt. Taylor Branson, will play. 13 Servants a Year Too Many. Charging that having 13 servant girls in succession in 12 months showed that the employer had missed “the message of National Soclalism,” a newspaper in Nuernberg, Germany, has attacked an elderly local woman. The paper says she “nagged, over- ':rml and underfed the malds.” Capital Park and Planning Commis- | 38! (Personnel needs oi penal institutions will be outlined PRISONCONDITIONS HELD DANGEROUS D. C. Penal‘lnstitutions Ol;i .and Overcrowded, Of- ficials Point Out. . What are the requirements for @ ‘model penal system, and wherein’ does the National Capital fail to meet the standards? The articie below is the second of a series of four dealing with this question. Halled some years ago as the out- standing prison system in the country, i that of the District of Columbia has found itself overtaken by the progress of time, increased demands on its facilities and limitation of funds with which to keep pace with these factors, Most noticeable of these inade- quacies has been the need of new buildings in units already set up and the establishment of new units fo care for a type of prisoner not in- cluded in previous calculations, Overcrowding has been declared by prison experts to be the greatest evil found in present-day penal institu- tions. Because of structural limita- tions this condition bégins in the Washington Jail, first stopping place of those on the bad side of the law in the District. Antiquated in design and facilities, the old stone building at Nineteenth and C streets southeast has been overcrowded for years. In its best days the structure could accommodate 450 with only a reasonable degree &f comfort. At the present time its pepulation has run as high as 778 and averaged 565 during the fiscal year 1934. Six Men in Cell. As many as six men have been con- fined in a single cell at one time, with sanitary conditions declared wholly unsatisfactory. Protectioan of prisoners from fire hazard and the problem of guarding against escape attempts and disorders are made more difficult because of the shortcomings of the structure itself. In his last annual report Supt. Thomas M. Rives points to the record population of 20851 for 1934, also the new high daily figures, comment- ing as follows: “This is mentioned to show that there has been an cven more serious condition of crowding than has been previously emphasized in reports of this kind. The reed for adequate fa- cilities to properly take care of the ever-increasing volume of work is greater than ever before, and I can- not too strongly emphasize the serious- ness of the inadequacy of the present facilities.” In the next institution above, that of the workhouse at Occoquan, the population is close to the maximum comfortable accommodations available for 800. One of the buildings designed for a dormitory, however, is being used as a recreation and assembly hall pending completion of that unit. Lack of funds with which to buy seats has been a principal stumbling block in the way of completing the new hall. Hospital Cramped. Administration officials, just moved out of a “temporary” building con- structed in 1908, are forced to use a building designed for officers’ quarters pending construction of a new ad- ministration building. Even more se- riously cramped is the workhouse hos- pital, still housed in one of the “tem- porary” frame structures. Only the foundation of one workshop building has been completed, while all the shop projects are crowded into a single structure. Supt. Arthur L. Petitt speaks with some alarm of the women's depart- ment, where a capacity population of about 80 “is housed in frame struce tures that are in deplorable condition. This department should receive im- mediate attention with a view to erect- ing all new buildings which would serve far better as to sanitation and comfort.” General Supt. M. M. Barnard is even more emphatic: “To continue to put off the remodeling of this part of the District penal institutions is to subject all female inmates to unwar- ranted hazards, for the decayed and dilapidated structures represent the worst fire and physical risk’ we daily take with the health and life of this portion of our inmate population. Even a heavy storm or gust of wind might be sufficient to wreck the place.” The straining of accommodations at both places prevents acceptance of some prisoners who should be brought from the jail, thus forcing the latter crowded institution into uses for which it was not intended. Lorton Unit Necessary, At the reformatory at Lorton principal need is completion of the walled unit for confinement of the hardened type of criminals which the reformatory originally was not sup- posed to handle. Provision for an ap- propriation of $190,000 in the budget now before Congress leads Col. W. L. Peak, superintendent of the reforma- tory, to hope that this work soon may be completed. Straining of dormitory and shop quarters will be relieved by this addition, Col. Peak says, with a new administration building and new stables among the remaining requisites. Even with the extensions mentioned at the various institutions, however, one unfavorable condition -still will exist to a great degree, namely the throwing together of young first of- fenders with hardened criminals of all es. : “There is no question but what the time is comfng when we must have & new institution,” Barnard declares. “The original idea for Lorton was that it should be a reformatory exclusively, and it is a mistake to make a prison out of it. Completion of the walled unit will help, but establishment of & new institution for incorrigibles is ‘ad- visable.” This opinion follows in a general way that of Sanford Bates, directorof Federal Prison Bureau, that the Dis- trict should have an institution of maximum security for hardened crimi- nals and divide the reformatory facili- ties between groups classified on and criminal background. W in an article in The Evening Star tomorrow.) Twelve Licensed to Wed. FAIRFAX, Va., January 15 (Spe- cial) —Marriage licenses have been issued in the office of the clerk of the Circuit Court as follows: Henry Conway Beach, 18, Burke, Va. and Kathlyn Austin, 21, R. F. D, Fairfax, Va.; Raymond Wilfred McGuin, 21, and Mary Talbert Devers, 18, both R. F. D. No. 4 Alexandria,.Va.; Chester Vaughn Norris, 22, and Mar- garet Virginia Long, 24, both 'of Bal- timore, Md.; John L. Shelhorst, 30, and Addye C. Howard, Both: of Washington: Carroll Mat! Long. 27, Washington, and Theresa - Helen White, * 22, Bluefield. W. ‘Va: and Rene von Lobstein, 47, and Mildred Jane Wiegand, 22, both of ington. Wash- »