Evening Star Newspaper, August 10, 1933, Page 1

l WEATHER (U. 8. Weather Bureau Porecast.) Showers tonight and possibly tomor- row; not much change in temperature; gentle to moderate sousheast, shifting -to south winds. Temperature—Highest, 87, at 2:45 p.m., yesterday; lowest, 72, at 4:00 a.m. today. Full Closing N. Y. Markets,Pages13,14&15 report on A-9. No. 32,608. Entered as second class matter post office, Washington, D. C. @ WASHINGTON, D. C., THURSDAY, AUGUST 10, 1933—FORTY-SIX PAGES. MACHADO PARTY WEIGHS CUBAN PEACE PROPOSAL; CINTAS AND HULL C < Plan of Welles Taken Up by ‘ Liberals. SPLIT WIDENS ON RESIGNATION Island in State of War as Result of Edict. By the Associated Press. HAVANA, August 10.—The ques- tion whether President Machado shall resign his post to bring peace to Cuba, now under a for- mally declared state of war as the result of the menace of revo- | lution, was placed today before | the National Executive Commit- tee of Gen. Machado’s Liberal party. 1 The Executive Committee met| to consider the formula of peace| presented by United States Am- bassador Sumner Welles, acting as mediator in the conflict be- tween the Machado supporters and the opposition. This formula entails the withdrawal of Machado to make way for a Presi- dent approved by all parties. Strike Continues Unbroken. Differences within the parties over the mediation program widened as the { iby Representative Fish of Nek York, | ' dent who is demanding an immediate ROOSEVELT WANTS Fish Would Back Any Cuban Move President Makes| Republican Leader Pays Call to Assure His Support. ad By the Associated Press. ! HYDE PARK, N. Y, August 10— President Roosevelt was assured today ranking Republican member of the| House Foreign Affairs Committee, of united support in whatever action he deems necessary to restore order in Cuba. i The Republican called on the Presi- new deal in the island republic in the interests of eliminating the political | warfare. i “I told Mr. Roosevelt,” said Repre-| sentative Fish, “that as ranking Re- | publican member of the House Foreign ~(Continued on Page 2, Column 4) MACHADO TO QuIT 'Statement Yesterday Not an| Ultimatum, but Intended as Polite Hint. BY J. RUSSELL YOUNG. | liberal conference got under way, and 1t appeared possible that the old party lines would be completely obliterated. | HYDE PARK, N. Y, August 10.—At his desk in his study, with a telephone at his elbow, President Roosevelt today ONFER Trade Matters Discussed in Talk Here. REPLY TO PLEA STILL AWAITED Five Points Made| in U. S. Formula for Solution. By the Associated Press. Ambassador Oscar Cintas of Cuba conferred for an hour and a half today with Secretary Hull and other State Department offi- cials about the situation in his island republic and later said he had come to report on his con- ference yesterday with President Roosevelt at Hyde Park. Appearing somewhat excited, the representative of the Ma- chado government also con- ferred with Undersecretary Phil- ips and Assistant Secretary Caffrey. Cintas told newspaper men that only economic matters had been discussed. There was a rumor, however, that the Ambassador had con- veyed to the Secretary of State the reaction of President Machado to the plan for his retirement submitted by Ambassador Sumner | Welles in Havana. Undersecretary Phillips said later the | Ambassador did not bring any reply from Machado to the appeal which Meanwhile, the general strike, which | continues to watch developments in president Roosevelt made to him yes- brought the conflict over Machado to a head, continued unbroken despite | the efforts and expectations of the gov- ernment. In Santiago the military supervisor issued an edict ordering all stores to reopen within five days. Shopkeepers disobeying, the edict said, would be con- | sidered as revolutionaries at the con-| clusion of the five-day period. Military in Control. ‘Military forces controlled the island under decree of President Machado, who | said the general strike, paralyzing in- | dustry and trade, had ghixen "tmen;ieza; of the public peace” a chance to “cre- ste a revolutionary state in the) eountry. Conflicting and unyielding attitudes of numerous elements involved in the growing crisis increased the public ten- sion. Machado has been deaf to sugges- tions that he resign and that his sec- retary of state, Orestes Ferrara, re- sign. Welles Continues Efforts. Welles moved swiftly in his efforts to bring quick fruition to efforts to restore normalcy. Governmental and political leaders sought in conferences to bring the several factions into agree- ment on some program of solution, Grave concern was expressed for the welfare of citizens unless the strike could be brought to & quick termina- tion. There is little bread, and the dis- tribution of milk is being made under armed guard. Stocks of foodstuffs are being exhausted rapidly. Since the state of war became effec- tive at 6 o'clock yesterday evening, the | military has been in full control. Unrest has increased, and the attitude of the United States is being watched closely | by Cubans wondering what action Presi- | dent Roosevelt may take. Mr. Roosevelt's desire, as expressed yesterday at Hyde Park, N. Y., is that the political difficulties be solved “at the earliest possible moment,” so that economic welfare may be preserved. One hope for compromise in a conference arranged for was found | this | morning between eight Senators and |- eight members of Machado’s Liberal | y. Another series of conferences called for exchange of views between Ambassador Welles, Secretary Ferrara, a group of Liberal Congressmen and a mixed Congressional Commission. | The House of Representatives was convoked for session today to hear | Secretary Ferrara; but Ferrara said he had not been asked to attend. Bakeshop Is Bombed. \despread poMce precautions have | be‘e';; talfen to halt violence. Explosion | of a bomb early today, however, em-| phasized that strikers are not retreating from their position. The bomb damaged ~(Continued on Page 3, Column 1. SILVIA SIDNEY’S PLACE TAKEN BY ANN DVORAK ° Rebellious ;tar, Who Walked Out| on Set, to Be Replaced by Actress of Same Temperament. By the Associated Press. HOLLYWOOD, August 10.—The re- bellious Miss Sylvia Sidney, who walked off the stage at a Hollywood movie studio in the midst of a production, is going to be replaced in the cast with the equally rebellious Miss Ann Dvorak. Miss Sidney, co-starring with Maurice Chevalier, last week won her fight to absent herself from the studio in search of health. Miss Dvorak won her fight, too, but it was months ago, when she complained bitterly that a major studio was “selling her down the river” when it came to contracts and renumerations for her labors. So she went to Europe with husband Leslie Fenton. Now she is back to take Miss Sidney’s place while Miss Sidney goes to Europe. TARIFFS MODIFIED xeiiet for American Goods Effec- tive Today With France. PARIS, August 10 (F)—Relief from high tariff increases on certain Ameri- ‘can goods became effective today with the publication of a modifying decree in the official journal. The minimum tariff was restored on many classes of goods, including print- ing type, linoleum, leather baggage, cut- lery and surgical instruments, while the Cuba with concern. | His first desire today was to deter- mine, if possible, the reaction in the Cuban capital to the appeal he issued last night from the Summer White House in which he called upon the war- ring political factions in the troubled island to settle their differences with- | out delay so as to prepare the way for the earliest possible relief of the extreme distress there. While no further statements regard- ing the Cuban problem were fort! coming, and in the absence of any in. terpretation of his published appeal, the firm belief of those close to Mr. Roose- | velt is that he did not intend his state- ment as an ultimatum. It is understood | his real purpose in issuing this appeal | was a polite invitation to President Machado to place his regard for his | country’s welfare above his own per- sonal and political desires by resigning. To put it frankly, he wants Machado to get out. Republican Support Assured. l President Roosevelt was assured of the full suppert of the Republican party, especially the Republican members of Congress, in any action he may take in the settlement of the Cuban diffi- culty by Representative Hamilton Fish | of New York, ranking Republican mem- | ber of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the House. Representative Fish, in whose con- gressional district the President’s Sum- mer White Hcuse is located, gave this assurance during a conference today at Krum Elbow. The New York Representative said afterward he personally felt President Machado of Cuba must resign if peace and order are to be restored in Cuba. When asked what steps might be taken by the United States before in- tervention, Mr. Fish gave as his per- sonal cpinion the withdrawal of recog- nition, economical and political pressure and permission for export of arms from the United States to Cuba. Represented as Hopeful. Mr._ Fish declined to say what views the President expressed during their conference. He intimated that the President felt hcpeful a solution would be worked out without the resort to ex- treme measures. He did say the Presi- dent was watching the situation closely. The impression about the Summer White House is that President Roose- velt is still determined to avoid armed intervention. There is no doubt in the mind of Mr. Roosevelt that the declaration yes- terday by President Machado of a “state of war” has produced a situa- tion which now has assumed the pro- portions of an extreme crisis. Also, Mr. Roosevelt believes bloodshed and dis- (Continued on Page 3, Column 2.) 300 VILLAGES FLOODED SHANGHAI, August 10 (#).—Three hundred villages along the Yellow River in North Honan Province were flooded, with a heavy loss of life, when the stream overflowed its dikes in that area, Chinese dispatches said t3day. | terday for betterment on the Cuban | situation Phillips added that the discussion was largely economic, political questions also were considered. The Ambassador himself said he had no reports of the political situation this morning from Havana and added that his talk with President Roosevelt yesterday had concerned economic questions. The Undersecretary expressed hope that mediation will settle the Cuban difficulties and said that conferences were going on constantly in Havana REPLY TO PLEA AWAITED. Machado Seems to Indicate He Will Still Oppose Mediation. BY CONSTANTINE BROWN. The State Department is awaiting President Machado’s reply to Presi- dent Roosevelt's message delivered yes- terday through Ambassador Cintas at Hyde Park. For the time being, the only answer to President Roosevelt’s appeal that Machado endeavor to improve the eco- nomic conditions in Cuba has been the declaration of a stringent martial law which suppresses the last vestiges of individual liberty of all Cubans. By this very action, President Ma- chado seems to indicate that he wishes to continue his policy of flaunting not only his fellow citizens but the United States as well. Ambassador Welles has informed the | President of Cuba that the Government | of this country fully indorses the five- point plan submitted to Machado by the Cuban political parties. Plan’s Five Points. This plan demands: (1) The appointment by the Presi- dent of an impartial secretary of staie, acceptable to all political elements in Cuba. (2) Requests the President to take leave of absence and to authorize the new secretary of state to reorganize the cabinet, giving representation in the new cabinet to all important politi- cal elements in Cuba. (3) The immediate passage by the Congress of constitutional reforms, which provide that the members of the House of Representatives should agree to shorten their terms in the Legisla- ture so that half the House will be renewed in the national elections of 1934. Those representatives remaining in the House to shorten their terms to a corresponding extent as those who will vacate their seats in that year. (4) Half the Senate is renewed in 1934 and the remaining Senators to sherten their term of office to a total of six years. (5) Creation of a vice presidency, the Vice President to assume the presi- dency upon his inauguration. ‘The majority of the Cuban political parties have approved the plan drafted by their leaders, and the United States believes that its acceptance by Machado in full, or the acceptance of a compro- mise plan to be elaborated between Machado and the leaders of the op- position is of paramount importance to (Continued on Page 3, Column 5.) NOTED JOURNALIST OFF TO CUBA to Cover Situation for The Star won renown throughout world as a war correspondent writer on social economic Havana to represent The Cuban situation. yate was reduced on many other ucts. prod- Col. Frederick Palmer, who has the and sub- jects for American newspapers and magazines, is now flying to Star and the North American News- paper Alliance during the critical His dispatches will be found daily in The Star. They will be | interesting and authoritative. WITH SUNDAY MORNING EDITION although the! L1 NAVY YARD ISSUE UP T0 GOMMITTEE Swanson Says He Is Ready to Abide by Any Code President Gives. Secretary of the Navy Swanson is) willing to have the question of how long Navy Yard workmen shall work submitted to the new labor dispute | tribunal, headed by Senator Wagner, | Demccrat of New York, and the Navy | stands ready to abide by any decision | on a code the President shall promul- gate. This was made plain today. when | Mr. Swanson was on record as saying: “We will leave it entirely to this com- ! mittee to determine the code, and we | will abide by it.” Navy Department of- | ficials said that Gen. Hugh S. John- | son, the National Recovery Adminis- trator, may bring this matter to the attention of the Wagner committee. The Secretary ‘pointed out that-if the Navy Yard workers work less than the present 40 hours, constituting the five- day week that became effective Mon- day morning, “it will take more money.” The shipbuilders’ ccde for | private industry, promulgated by Presi- dent Roosevelt on July 26, provides that an average of 32 hours will be worked. Equal to Wage Cut. The Washington Navy Yard workers, in common with those throughout the Nation, say that placing them on a 40-hour work week basis has the effect of slashing their pay an additional 1624 per cent, constituting a total wage cut of nearly one-third. They say this is against the spirit of the national recovery act, which seeks to reduce working hours and increase purchasing power. What they want, they say, is a 39-hour week at the Naval Gun Fac- | tory, with pay for the former 44-hour week. Secretary Swanson was asked about the problem of having the Govern- ment conform in its navy yards to the requirements of the code placed upon the private shipyards, being submitted to the Wagner Committee. He replied: “I am willing for it to be. I don’t know whether it has been submitted or not. Under the law, we have to have eight hours a day on work done under the regular funds fixed by Con- | gress. This other matter is left to the | President and the Presgent has this committee named. We the Gov- ernment ought to be a model employer of labor, that it ought not to preach one thing and practice another.” 1 The cabinet officer declined to am- | plify this statement. He said that the Navy Department itself will not submit a proposed code for its navy yard| workers. | As informed officials at the Navy Department now view the problem, it is presented thus: The Bureau of the Budget, in ac- cordance with the President’s economy policy, has lopped off $55,000,000 from | the Navy Depariment’s regular appra- priations for the current fiscal year. The navy yard workers, as well as| other branches of the naval establish- ment, must share in this saving. .The ' men have been placed on a five-day | work week of 40 hours in order to avoid furloughing without pay, as is doneu in other Government depart-! ments. | | Johnson. Manush fouled to Perrell. No Additional Money Need. If Gen. Johnson submits to the Wag- | ner committee the problem, suggestin | that the navy yard workers be brought | under the private shipbuilders’ code of | 32 hours, with some increases in wages, | additiona! money for this pay roll ad- dition will have to be found for the : Navy. The Navy seems perfectly will- ing to shorten the hours and increase | the wages of its navy yard workmen, : if additional funds ere forthcoming. i Under the economy act, however, the Navy cannot increase the pay of any | of its workers without the authoriza- | tion of the President. Should the Wagner committee decide that the Navy Department must have its navy yard workers conform to the private shipbuilders’ code, and the President ratify this finding, this, the officials assert, would have the effect_of over- coming the present limitations of the economy act, dealing with wage in- Creases. Should President Roosevelt do this, | Detroit there would still remain the d pounded $55,000,000 to be spent for the increased President Roosevelt’s statement from ! yesterday, tha i the ball fell for a triple scoring Fer- ‘rell and Judge. Oliver flied to l‘nu.sh.l KE THAT ? Dry Bureau Slash Mistake Corrected, as 600 Lose Jobs “Unauthorized” Action of Monday Ad-| vised All in Service of Automatic Severance—1,200 Remain. After hasty steps were taken late yes- terday by Prohibition Bureau officials to correct a “blunder” whereby all em- ployes of the bureau had been notified erroneously of their dismissal, more i than 600 employes failed of reappoint- ment today as the reorganization of | the unit was completed. | jthey would be “automatically” severed ¢ Foening Star from the rolls at the close of business vesterday. Actually, the President’s re- | organization order did not become ef- fective until last midnight, and even then the dismissals were not “auto- | matic” until approved by Attorney Gen- | eral Cummings. The dismissal telegrams were dis-| patched without the knowledge of J.| *kokk ok Associated service. ) Means Associated The only evening paper in Washington with the Press news Yesterday’s Circulation, 111,863 TWO, CENTS. Press. GAS TAX RELEASE 10 AID WORKERS . PUSHED BY KNG Appeals to President to Save Employes From Indefinite Furloughs. DECISION RESTS WITH DIRECTOR OF THE BUDGET Fund Would Save Jobs for High- way and Water Department Personnel. Spurred on by the knowledge that a large number of District employes could | be saved from indefinite furlough if the District is allowed to use its sur- plus gas tax and water revenues lying idle in the Treasury, Chairman King of the Senate District Committee re- newed his efforts today to obtain re- lease of these funds. No announcement was forthcoming from Senator King as to his plans. It is understood, however, that he has appealed to President Roosevelt, ex- plaining the situation to the Chief Executive. The Senator previously had urged the Budget Bureau to approve expenditure of the funds, but Budget Director Douglas has been out of the city and no decision has been made known at the bureau. Budget Director Must Approve. Congress in drafting the present ap- propq-uan act, gave its permission for the use of $1,500,000 of the gasoline tax surplus and $635,000 of the water fund surplus, with the proviso that the “{ approval of the budget director must be obtained before the money would be- come available. The Commissioners some time ago made application to the Budget Bureau for permission to use all of the gas tax and a substantial part of the water fund mentioned in the appropriation act. Several hundred Water Department There was some uncertainty today as | Edgar Hoover, who, as director of the | employes could be put back to work to the responsibility for the mistake, which resuited in the sending last Mon- | day of “unauthorized” telegrams to bureau employes notifying them that | new Division of Investigation of the Department of Justice, will have gen- eral_supervision, beginning today, of | (Continued on Page 2, Column 5.) | NATIONALS DEFEAT . BOSTON S0, 53i Kuhel’s Fourth Hit Starts Griffmen on Victory March in Eighth. BY JOHN B. KELLER. BOSTON, August 10.—The Nationals defeated the Boston Red Sox here this afternoon in the opening game of a| series. The score was 5 to 3. FIRST INNING. WASHINGTON—Werber threw out Myer. Goslin sent a long: line drive tc | BOSTON—Werber hoisted to Schulte. Walters dropped a single in center.| Cooke forced Walters, Cronin to Myer. R. Johnson flied to Schulte, in deep| center. No runs. SECOND INNING. ‘WASHINGTON—McManus threw out Cronin. Werber threw out Schulte. Kuhel dropped a double in left close to the foul line. McManus made a good stop and threw out Bluege. No runs. | BOSTON—Ferrell singled to left cen- ter. Judge popped to Myer. McManus drove into a double plav, Crowder to Cronin to Kyhel. No runs. THIRD INNING. 1 WASHINGTON—Rhodes threw out | Sewell. Crowder grounded out to Judge. Walters threw out Myer. No Tuns | BOSTON—Oliver flied to Manush. | Rhodes singled to center. Werber drove | into a double play, Myer to Cronin to Kuhel. No runs. FOURTH INNING. ‘WASHINGTON—Goslin hoisted to Oliver. Manush drove a single past Walters. Cronin forced Manush with a grounder to Werber. Schulte filed! to Oliver. No runs. BOSTON—Walters struck out. Myer let Cooke’s grounder go through him for an error. R. Johnson flied to Goslin. Ferrell walked. Judge drove a single past Bluege, scoring Cooke and sending Ferrell to second. Myer | and Goslin collided near the foul line| as they tried for McManus’ hoist and| Three runs. FIFTH INNING. WASHINGTON — Kuhel's drive bounced off first base for a double. | Bluege sent a long fly to Cooke. Sewell singled to left, scoring Kuhel. Crowder beat out a bunt to McManus, Sewell (Continued on Page 2, Column 8.) New York..100021 Batteries—Hansen and V. Davis; Par- melee snd Mancuse. Chicago-Pittsburgh—Postponed, rain. Other clubs not scheduled. TODAY’S HOME RUNS National League. G. Davis, New_ York, fifth inning, | mot continue unless status of the bonds | | thoroughly convinced that the attitude | BONDS COMPLICATE HOME LOAN RELIEF Lack of Information May Bring Court Action to Curb Foreclosures. Lack of information on bonds of the | Home Owners’ Loan Corporation and | fear that co-operation from mortgage | holders in delaying foreclosures may | is clarified constitute factors which are | seriously complicating the functions of | the District office of the corporation it developed today. Coupled with these | problems is the fact that a home may | be auctioned in the District without | the necessity of a court order. | The situation has become such that | intercession of the District Supreme | Court to halt the parade of homes to the auction block has been sough by | Charles A. Jones, District manager for | the agency. Court Attitude Hopeful. “From what I have learned today at the court house,”™ Jones said, “I am | of our courts will be to restrain, for | a reasonable time, any foreclosure pro- | ceedings where it seems reasonable to | believe that this corporation will be | able to act. In such cases this office will co-operate with the home owners, even to the extent of availing ourselves of the voluntarily offered services of several local attorneys.” By this it was understood that in cases of imminent foreclosure the | courts would approve injunctions to | prevent sale of the homes. Much misunderstanding, Jones said, revolves around the bonds of the cor- poration, which it asks mortgagees to accept in exchange for mortgages as a measure of relief for distressed home owners. While the bonds are guaranteed only (Continued on Page 2, Column 8.) iy AIRWAY OFFICIALS_PLAN SHANGHAI-MANILA FLIGHT By the Associated Press. SHANGHAI, August 10.—As the first | move in establishing a Shanghai-| Manila airmail and passenger service, three American flyers representing the | Pan-American Airways announced to- | day they probably will take off in sea- | K{lmes Saturday for Hongkong and| The fiyers are all officials of the! Pacific American Airways, a sul of the Pan-American, which is inter- ested in the China National Aviation Corporation now operating on the Shanghai-Chung-King and Shanghai- Peiping routes. They are H. M. Bixby of St. Louis, W. S. Grooch of El Paso, Tex., and William Ehmer of Scars- said the first flight will be leisurely and largely for exploration purposes. It is hoped the route may Iater connect with a trans- pacific air service via Honolulu. and 250 highway workers could be saved from a lay-off confronting them in the near future if these two funds are made available. The problem be- came urgent yesterday when announce- ment was made at the District Build- ing that 110 of the highway employes will have to go on indefinite furloughs next Tuesday unless the surplus gas tax mon:iunheusedwktepthemnt work. Would Relieve Relief Burden. Senator King is known to be of the opinion that it would be far better to |let the District use this money, which came entirely from local taxpayers. to keep employes at work than to add to | the burden of unemployment relief ex- penditure by laying off a large number of city employes. It was further pointed out today that the paragraph in the appropriation act relating to these surplus funds indicated that the intention was to use this money to aid the employment situation. The gas tax and water fund collec- tion are handled separately from gen- eral revenues, and required to be used only for certain municipal expenses, the gas tax for highway work and the water fund for upkeep of the water supply and distribution system. These sur- plus funds cannot be used, therefore, for any other purpose, and, if not made available, will merely remain idle in the Treasury without benefiting either the District or the Federal Government. The existence of these surpluses grows out of the sharp reduction made in District estimates for the current year when the local supply bill was rewritten and pared down after the original bill which carried more money died in the old Congress on March 4.| Gets Report From Donovan. When Senator King first interested himself in support of the efforts of the Commissioners to obtain use of the fund a few weeks ago he called upon District Auditor Donovan for a report, which called attention to the impend- ing lay-off of about 250 highway work- ers, in addition to the larger number already without employment in the Water Department as the result of in-| | That employers are refusing to abide sufficient funds. Senator King has made it clear that he is anxious to obtain permission for | the District to use this money and sees | nothing to be gained by allowing it to remain unused at a time when it can be devoted to essential highway and water projects and avoid increasing the number of unemployed. Some of the projects contemplated out of the $1,500,000 gas tax funds are $575,000 for commencing the new Cal- vert Street Bridge; approximately $40,- 000 as the District’s share of widening and improving Constitution Avenue | near the Capitol and the remainder for various - classes of throughout the city. Men’s Clothing Sales. | Many good stores are now running their Summer reduc- tion clearances in men’s cloth- mng. There will still be a lot of hot weather this year. It will be worthwhile even to make an investment ‘for the Summer of 1934. Yesterday’s Advertising. (Local Display) Lines. The Evening Star. . . 31,163 2d Newspaper..... 7,213 3d Newspaper. .ca 5,355 4th Newspaper. .. ., 3,622 Sth Newspaper. .... 2,661 Total T ober 18,851 newspapers) ‘The Star is read in the homes of over 100,000 able-to-buy families -in Washington and - the suburbs. In thousands of these homes no other/news- paper Is read, highway work | STABLE WAGE RATE FOR GOAL TRADE IS URGED UPONN.R.A. Basic Mine Scale Held by Operators and Unions as Industry Aid. SEEN MEANS TO BRING ON FAIR COMPETITION Basic $5 Day and 30-Hour Week Agreed on by Lewis, Taplin and Harrington. By the Associated Press. Pleas for stabilization of the com- petition-harassed bituminous industry by stabilization of its miners' wages was made to the Recovery Adminis- tration today by three leading coal figures. John L. Lewis, president of the United Mine Workers, in his testimony at a hearing on the industry’s 27 pro- posed trade agreements, said the union “in supplying a uniform, competitive labor cost for bituminous coal mining, has been the only stabilizing force which the industry has ever had.” “So far as its efforts were weakened during the period from 1925 to 1932 by attacks made upon it or by the in- defensible repudiation of agreements with it,” Lewis said, “its constructive influence has been supplanted by the law of the jungle which has known neither humanity, profits or investors.” Operators Back Lewis. George Harrington of Chicago and Frank Taplin of Cleveland, among the largest operatoss in the country, joined in testimony that one basic wage scale was the only means of bringing really fair competition to the industry. All favored a $5-a-day basic rate for underground workers and a 30-hour week. Meanwhile a decision providing for election of checkweighmen by miners of the Pittsburgh Coal Co. at the entrance to the mines after working hours, was handed down today by the Pennsylvania Coal Arbitration Board headed by Ger- ard Swope. ‘The provisions for electing the men who weigh the output of the workers were identical to those provided yes- terday by the board for the mines of the H. C. Prick Coke Co. in Fayette County. Must Be Elected. ‘The checkweighmen are to be elected with all workers who help to pay their ‘wages participating by either a secref or show-of-hands vote as may be de-- | termined by a majority of the meeting, ‘This controversal issue is the last rey maining of the dispute which broughs on the strike in the Pennsylvania bi~ tuminous mines which led to a declar: n’!llon of near martial iaw by Gov. Pin- chot. What would happen to a request of Donald Richberg, N. R. A. general counsel, that the open-shop clause be deleted from the non-union code re- | mained uncertain after the operators got together last night. Not Inclined to Remove It. It was reported, however, that the operators, representing well over half of the Nation’s tonnage, were not in- clined to remove the clause. They do not want the United Mine Workers to get control of the entire Nation's mine labor, they say, holding their open shop clause the only insurance against such control. In his testimony Lewis told, reading 2 52-page prepared statement, how he nad met with a group of operators to draft one of the 27. Then he insisted that the code or codes finally approved give miners the right to join any union they choose. “The (recovery) act.” he said, “after giving employes the right to organize unmolested for the purposes of collective bargaining provides as a basis for at- taining its objectives, a co-partnership between employers and employes. It, therefore, inevitably follows * * * that the act assumes that employers will freely recognize and deal with repre- sentatives of employes. * * * Obstructing Purposes of Act. “Refusal of employers to do this in- volves two deplorable conclusions: (1) by the spirit and letter of the law, and (2) by this refusal they are not only obstructing the fundamentgl pur- poses of the act to accelerate economic recovery, but what is more serious, they are promoting discord and dislocations, for the reason that they leave no alter- native to employes but the undesirable one of using their collective strength to force recognition of their organiza- tion and its representative.” Lewis recalled that the code to which he agreed would forbid mine employ- ment of children 16 or under, but said: “We should be very glad to change this prohibition to 18 years or under.” Explaining his minimum pay sched- ule, which varies from $5 a day for underground to $4 a day, or slightly less, for some above-ground workers, Lewis said these “‘under-normal condi- tions * * * would be entirely inade- quate” and would “add very little to the purchasing power of areas previ- ously uniogized, but, on the other hand, they will bring non-union fields in the South and North up to more accept- able living standards.” He reported, though, that while he had agreed to 5 per cent lower pay for miners in Northern West Virginia, east of the Mississippi and south of the Ohio rivers, “there is not the slightest evidence that the cost of living is lower in the South; * * * such evi- dence as exists indicates that very pos- sibly the cost of living is h.lgherrgn the average in Southern than Nort! e o e e erent; was accepted, he said, “in the hope that we ml}e be able (Continued on Page 4, Column 1.) SHIP BLAZE CHECKED French Owners of Freighter Report Damage Is Slight. LE HAVRE, France, August 10 (#).— The French owners of the 7.29@@ freighter Forbin said today a fire which started in her No. 1 hold when she was in the Arabian Sea, 1,400 miles from Colombo, Ceylon, had been extinguished. It was reported that the fire started yesterday, probably because of spon= taneous combustion. Damage was slight. There were no passengers. The French steamer Georges Philip~ par was burned at almost the identical %’ off Cape Guardafui on May 16,