Evening Star Newspaper, June 28, 1933, Page 7

THE EVENING JOBS DISCUSSED BY MISS PERKINS Secretary of Labor Speaks in National Radio Forum. Discussing unemployment and general business conditions as a speaker in the Naticnal Radio Forum. Miss Frances Perkins, Secretary of Labor, announced Jast night the United States Employ- ment Service would “soon establish sev- eral regional clearing houses, with fleld' supervision,” in a move to extend aid to the various States through the new Federal job-finding machine. Secretary Perkins' address in the forum, sponsored by The Evening Star, was broadcast from station WRC bver a Nation-wide network of National Broadcasting Co. stations. She asserted that “we have the ma- chinery with which to mobilizz work- ers” and that it appeared “very likely” a call would be made upon it soon through the needs of the public works program. Plan Construction Work. “We are looking to construction work | of this sort,” she said, “and I think you can do likewise, as an immediate aid in the emergency program which 1s now under way under the supervision of Gen. (Hugh) Johnson.” Miss Perkins praised “the gallant fight made by Senator Wagner of New York™ in behalf of the legislation authorizing | the new Federal Employment Service. “This service will organize the labor market of the whole United States,” she said, “that people may find oppor- tunities for work, when such exists, in the easiest, most effective way. Never has the need for such a system of pub- lic employment offices been greater than in the present situation.” Under the new law, Miss Perkins ex- lained, the employment offices of any dividual State would no longer be in- dependent, but would operate as part of 8 network throughout the country. Federal funds to match State fun will be provided, she said, for those Atates where employment offices comply with the standards prescribed. Of the general business situation, Miss Perkins sald there were “definite signs of improvement, indicating that the turn has come.” “But that might be misleading,” she added. “It is true that employment. payrolls, building, car loadings and certain other operations have increased in the last few months, but you should remember that they are still a long way from what they were in our days of Foiperiti. “In other words, while we can find encouragement here and there, we must not. for a single minute relax our ef- forts to fight our way out of what has been a desperate plight—and still is— for many people. Until the last unem- ployed man is out of the trenches we €annot be easy.” She gave a reminder that the Fedeéral Employment Service, under the terms of the law, would begin to function next Saturday. Greatest Need of Amity. Miss Perkins’ address follows: The problems we face today are not the problems of the worker alone, nor of the employer alone, nor of the consumer alone. Rather they are the problems of each one of us. We must all. work together if we are to solve them. Never in our history have we been faced by & condition calling for greater unity. It demands a concerted drive against the forces which have brought want, despair and misery into s0_many homes in the last few years. President Roosevelt has fory the weapons with which to make this at- tack. The ‘national recovery act fur- nishes them and if we take full ad- vantage of what t.h?;m promise we should come out of tl struggle in the good old-fashioned American way of . I would like to say that since the recovery program has been under way there have been definite signs of improvement indicating that the turn has come. But that might be misleading. It is true that em- loyment, pay rolls, building, car load- gs and certain other operations have increased in the last few months, but you should remember that they are #till a long way from what they were in our days of prosperity. In other words, while we can find encourage- ment here and there, we must not for s single minute relax our efforts to fight our way out of what has been a desperate plight—and still is—for many of our people. Until the last unem- ployed man is out of the trenches, we eannot be easy. I think it is perfectly plain to all of us in Washington, where we are in a position to see the wheels go around and to study reports from all over the country, that there has emerged from this depression a real passion for unity on the part of the erican people. We want to be united in aims and rposes. Because of this I firmly be- ieve we will all get together, put our shoulders to the wheel and jointly solve our pressing and distressing problems. The challenge to all of us is to find & way to build up the purchasing pow- er of the American people to balance the producing power of our great engi- neering systems. It will require unity to bring this to pass. I think it is becoming possible in the hearts of the people everywhere to make the i fices which are necessary to make us a truly united people. If it 15 said that the wage which goes to the in- vestor mlfv1 possibly be less for a time because the wage which goes to the worker has got to be greater, so that purchasing powet may be increased to the ultimate benefit of employe and employer, I think you hear all over this country, “Aye!” from neople who have the best interest€ of the great number, of society as a whole, heart Industry has accomplished many things in the last 50 years and it will lith many more as the vears £0 if we all co-operate. There was & time when it was regarded as al- most essential and meritable that women should work all night and that children should be exploited. People ieved that there was only a certain ount of money for wages and that poor must be poor. has changed, gradually, to be d today we all agree that t be provided with safety, ds against accident and fire s i factories, stores and work- shops There is not always 100 per cent performance on principle i accepted T at ha: ot work, and also of | men showd b | to pr xploitation ng great many organization. to go on without it rder to keep it we must build hasing power of the people in this country. Our mass- system has made it easy consider as necessities those ognize how easy it is to acquire clothes we have the price. It is easy for men to buy suits and wemen dresses The women have almost forgotten how to make ciothes in many of our cities because it is so easy to get the manu- -factured product True Test of Democracy. Now we are engaged in testing whether we can bulld up our indus- triul life and give to it the spirit. intel- ligence and co-operation out of which a true democracy can blossom. Wt are saying to our industrialists it is for you who have developed mass pro- duction to find also & way of develop- ing mass consumption which will bal- Explains Plans to Find Jobs | day. | testified that the time ha ETARY OF LABOR PERKINS. markets which have been dull will | | thrive again | After all, as we look over the world, { we recognize that the great problem | is that of overcoming unemploymert We want to have a population which has purchasing power sufficient to buy | the products of the mass-production | system for its comfort and well-being. | You and I want first of all an ordi- | nary comfortable living—enough to | eat, enough to wear, a shelter over| our heads, a place to keep clean—all the things which should be common- place in American life. We want lhz‘scl for all our citizens. All cannot have them when unemployment is wide- spread and continued. | . The people you and 1 know, who are willing to work when they get the chance, certainly want wages which will pay their rent and give them something to eat and clothes to wear. ‘They are entitled to that and they are entitled to some opportunities for leisure through the shortening of hours of work and having wages adequate | for the necessities and also for s curity against their future, security | for old age, and provision for marriage and the rearing of a family. They | also need the opportunity for health- ful recreation and suitable, varied and ' extended education. A ance it. In doing so we must see to it that employment, providing the nec- essary purchasing powes, is furnished. Cace is done on a scale, i equate each year. for participation in general cuture is an essential. Such demands as these are a challenge to industry to find a way to prevent unemployment. It is the duty of those who have profited by industrial progress and ingenuity | to assist those who are thinking of | social justice in providing a method whereby we may prevent another col- lapse in the future. And so we re-| uire our great industries to find reme- fes. Sclentific principles, which have beeltll tested out, should be applied gen- erally. | Problem Solved by Some. There are some industrialists in this country who have solved the special problem of unemployment. Why can- not that be made general? There is| a certain company which has been on a guaranteed work year of 48 weeks| for 10 years. It divides general pro- | duction” by 12 and produced one-| twelfth each month instead of produc- | ing a great quantity and putting it in| a warehouse. There is a food-pro- | ducing organization which has nlso‘ solved the problem. This concern be- an packing pork products, but un- ortunately there were only two crops of pigs a year, which necessitated | closing the plant for a large part of | 8o it took on other prod: | part of stabilized production and stabilized | wage income and stabilized consump- tion running through the year to the real prosperity of the whole commu- nity. NESDAY. | ucts and mow puts out over 40, with| out the country. Al Wil have lke |people should be getting extra educa- in & depression is of the utmost im- standards and like objectives. Through this network the supply of labor can | flow and the demands of employers be circulated. Thus, from the depressed areas to thase which can best absorb JUNE 28, 1933. I am as sure as T am that I am talk- portance. ing through this micropl The old-age security idea has gained | As we ook forward to the accomplish- | | /oo o\ dience that mhme to & vast followers all over the country also, Old | ment of these advances at some time in | Dl'Mrp of the people who are past the years when they | the future—not too far distant, I hope— | next generation is to be founded on that | are expected to work hard, should have | we can look ahead to a period in which kind of activity. I believe that our We want to reduce unemployment | workers, machinery will be at hand |some sort of security. They should not | hours of labor are shortened and wages | activity in the production of the things and the short work week and short| and in operation to promptly transfer |be competing in the market for the rela- |and remuneration are in harmony with that we need in the earning of a living work day should be helpful in this di- | rection. This is the reason why the | them. Federal funds to match State funds |tively few jobs. Some form of com- the higher standard of living, which |is going to be incidental to the produc- pulsory reserves against unemployment | underlies our new consumption economy. | tion of those great civilizing institutions President, in discussing the industrial | will be granted to those States whose |should be built up by employers when | Living under such conditions we shall | which, thank God, we shall have become recovery bill, stressed this as essential | employment offices comply with the |business is good again. They built up |be able to get more education: we shall | a people powerful enough, a for recovery. We have come to the| point in our production machinery | where we can produce a tremendous | amount of the finished goods in 24 or | 48 hours, and we are seeing that we | can have & more wholesome and more | practical life by reducing the 'l'm'k\l The debate in the Senate and House | on the so-called Black bill was a most | illuminating and educational experi- | ence. Those who participated in that | | debate came from all parts of the country and from all walks of life, | representing labor, industry and man- | ufacturers and merchants, as weH as | representatives of the social point of view of the American people. They come in America when we could expect a short work week, that our machine of pro- duction had become so great that we could afford more leisure. ‘We are already taking our first step in this great adventure, known as the | national recovery act, to see if we cannot, in the great American way, | emerge from this depression. By good | will and co-operation we shall strive to shorten working hours and build | up a higher system of pay that pur- | chasing power may be increased to the benefit of every one of us—indus- | try, labor, the merchant, the banker | and the public. Then we must seek certain other | techniques through the Government or | organized agencies. Some of these be- came realities not so long ago. Among | them is the Public Employment Serv- ice, which, under the law, will begin | to function on next Saturday. e gallant fight made by Senator Wagner of New York in behalf of this legisla- tion will never be forgotten by forward- looking men and women. Opportunities for Work. ‘This service will organize the labor | market of the whole United States, so that people may find opportunities for work when such exists, in the easiest, most effective way. Never has the need for & system of publft em- ployment offices been greater than in the present situation. A well-co-ordi- nated system of public employment | offices is a most necessary part in the program of national industrial recov- ery and the return of our workers to their jobs. I want to ask the co-op- | eration of employers of labor, of agen- cies of public information, of organ- ized and unorganized labor, and of agencies for social service in bullding | up and using this system. Under the new law the employment offices of any individual State will no| longer be independent as in the past.| standards prescribed. The establish ment by the United States Employ- ment Service of standards of operation for the State services is the all-impor- tant point of departure in co-operating with them. According to the law, the United States Employment Service may establish and maintain offices for a prescribed period in States in which there 18 no system of public employ- ment offices, as well as in those States where there are offices, but where the State Legisglature has not formally ac- cepted the provisions of this act. Also the law provides that the serv- ice maintain a veterans’ employment service, & farm labor service and a | placement office in the District of Co- lumbia. Additional responsibilities of the Federal Service will be the clear- ance of labor among the States, and the collection of reliable and compara- ble information with respect to the demand for and the supply of labor, as well as the conduct of researches related to the work. In order most effectively to administer its assistance to the States, and to perform its in- terstate functions, the United States Employment Service will probably soon establish several regional houses with field supervision. i We have the machinery with which to mobilize workers in the system I have Jjust been telling you about. Very likely demands will soon be made upon it in co-operation with the Public Works Program. We are looking to construc- tion work of this sort—and I think you can do likewise, as an immediate aid in the emergency program which is | now under way under the supervision of Gen. Johnson. We must, at the same time, lay & foundation of a system of real planning of public work for the future. If we fall off the high structure of over-production again we ought not to drop so far and we should use public work to correct the situation early in a depression rather than at the end, and by the wise use of public works to supplement private employment at the beginning of hard times instead of at the end. Good Things Anticipated. I truly believe that out of all our recent difficulties will come many good things in the years ahead for all of us. For instance, we are moving forward to abolish as far as possible the labor of little children, because when they work they take that work away from some adult and handicap themselves so often in the future. This should be brought | about by common consent, by ethical | principles, as well as by I I think | that over all the United States today | you will get a hearty assent to the idea | Each, it is hoped, will operate as althat it is the head of the family who | network of offices throu should hi the job and that young C e | ple in- | reserves for payment of dividends to |be healthier for there will be greater | telligent enough to have nnm share iuda industry over lean years and it is | opportunity for J:mper recreation. In- | with all who participate in the work of expected that they will provide for sup- | clinations toward music, art and litera- | the world. plemental compensation to be paid |ture can be gratified. We can do the| I appreciate this opportunity to talk people out of work through no fault of | things which build up people and which | to you under the aupices of the N their own in the future. The value of [ makes us all better citizens and mem- | tional Radio Forum over such a wide- keeping up purchasing power of workers | bers of society. ' flung network. Thank you. ayight is Family clearing | [i Souvenirs for the children . .. Special Menus for the whole family THURSDAY NOON Ewart’s Sandwiches. ... e [ L Ewart's Sandwich Plates...... Sl .. 15¢ & 20¢ Fried Soft-Shell Crabs and Tartar Sauce ..... ...18¢ THURSDAY NIGHT Fried Chicken Plate............ MU - (Including fried chicken, potatoes, tomatoes and toast) OVRRR EWART’S CAFETERIA 522 13th St. N.W. New Brownley Bldg., 13th and F When in Richmond Visit Us at 112 N. Sth St. (Opp. John Marshall Hotel) 12 degrees below street temperature at all times that AYeRY 1 P there | op 01f the Page { Vs talking aboui Chesterfield — says it has a good reputation —What about it? ALKING ABOUT the reputation of a cigarette—that’s something new. I know about reputation of people. .. reputation of some other things...and, come to think about it, I should say that CHESTERFIELD has an A-1 reputation. You know, it seems to have real merit. To me, for a cigarette “To Satisfy,’ it certainly has to be made right; and then it has to taste right. I just don’t like them strong . . . they just have to be mild. CHESTERFIELD has what it takes to satisfy. That's what people say about it.” They have what it Takes 2. Just Try them!