Evening Star Newspaper, June 5, 1933, Page 8

{THE EVENING STAR ‘With Sunday Merning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY......,...June 5, 19838 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newspaper O-Ipuu 11tn_st. “and a"l’-‘: mm New York Offce: 110 Ghicaro Offce: Lake Michigan Euidide. opean Oice: 14 m&m 8t., London, Rate by Carrier Wlt.hh the City. per month c per copy ‘each month. at the end e &F Terephone e sent in by ma 5000, The on Fational's ¥ . sy $4.00; 1mo. iy only The Assogiated Press i =xclusively entitled Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Fuy and Sunday.... =) day only - All Other States and Canada. 12.00: 1mo., $1.00 Hy O.X’ll‘d' o $8.00; 1 g\‘:. 15¢ AR $300; 1ma: soe Member of the Associated Press. the use for repuriication of sll news dis- .ches credited to it 3l‘ not Olhtl':cl. :nl':d- < e Rt of publication of MC{IX dispatches herein are also Teserved. = — Taxes and Compensation. President Roosevelt’s demand upon the congressional leaders that the Benate's increases in veterans' allow- amces over the budget figure be covered by increased taxes is not only justified but extremely wise. The Congress in the past has gone right ahead appro- priating money for all kinds of purposes regardless of the amount of revenue eoming into the Treasury. It is just that kind of thing which has brought the Government's finances into the present tangle, from which President Roosevelt has sought to extract them. The President in his conference with the leaders of the Senate and the House sald in effect, “If you are going to spend you must also pay.” This mes- sage goes to the country as well as to Congress, The Congress will have to determine whether it is wiser to spend this additional $170,000,000 provided in the Senate amendment to the inde- pendent offices appropriation bill and st the same time to take a similar amount of money from the pockets of the American taxpayers. Congress too often has been willing to spend money through appropriations without being willing to foot the bill. Tt is popular to spend money, public money. But it is exceedingly unpopular %o increase the taxes on the people. The President has brought the Congress up with a round turn. In his public works bill, calling for an expenditure of $3,300,000,000, the President has insisted that $220,000,000 additional annual revenue must be provided to fnance that program. His present demand that the proposed Senate in- ereases for the veterans also be financed now is in line with his position regard- sions be abandoned. Democratic mem- bers of the House and Senate have been threatened by disgruntled veterans and their friends that “never again” would they vote the Democratic ticket. Should the President stick to his an- pounced purpose of holding Congress %0 new tax legislation if it is to in- erease the veterans' appropriation in the independent offices appropriation bill, the Senators and Representatives will have to make up their minds whether they prefer to soak the people with more taxes or to disappoint the weterans. Already the taxpayers are eonfronted with the need of finding $220,000,0000 to meet the public works financing. They are not likely to react with any enthusiasm to an added $170,000,000. Millions of dollars in taxes have become more and more un- popular in these hard times, and more and more difficult to find. —————— Highway funds are avatlable for the District of Columbia, When another inauguration comes around there will be even greater facilittes and display, augmented, perhaps, by the course of mighty changes in affairs, have at last achieved the right to vote. | ——————— Zion City in Receivership. Forty years ago John Alexander| Dowie opened his tabernacle at Zion ©tty, near Chicago. establishment is broke, as flat as Wil- bur Glenn Voliva, Dowie's successar, | declares the earth to be. Last week Teceivers were designated for the busi- ness organization that Dowie insti- tuted and Voliva has developed. The bill on which the court acted alleged | that Voliva owed more than $500,000. When he succeeded Dowie in 1907 as the head of the Christian Apostolic Church and its settlement at Zion Oity he told the court that his assets were exactly thirty-three cents. He declared, however: “The day will come when I will own every foot, inch and pincd of Zion and float the flag of Zion over every building® He was sccurate in his prophecy. great financial dominion, self-sustain- ing and prosperous. Thousands of workers were employed in various in- | dustrles. When the depression began | in the Autumn of 1929 Voliva main- | tained his financial front intact. But about two years ago business began to | tighten up on him and since then | Voltva's flock and factory hands have recelved no pay checks, although the a lpec:h]l demonstration of loyal citizens who, in | ‘Today that great | He built a| ship and from membership in the church he had founded on charges of fraud, tyranny and polygamous ten- dencles. Voliva, who succeeded him, has never been involved in any ques- tlanable transactions of the Dowle kind, although he has frequently eommanded attention by his eccentricities of thought and behavior. His peculiar ideas regarding the cosmie creation have not detracted fram the admira- tion which he evoked for his large-scale business enterprise. He assured a good living to some five thousand followers, and though he ruled them with a rod of iron, they were far better off than many others with greater liberty of ideas and action. Now he has come seemingly to the end of his uau though a man of his type is not likely | to surrender tamely to adversity, and| doubtless when these present clouds have passed Voliva will be again in {oc | evidence in some form of socialistic ex- periment. A Substitute for the Gold Clause. It has been said in defense of the administration’s resclution to permit payment of gold contracts in “legal| tender” that Congress has the power to regulate the value of money or to| change the monetary system. Senator Borah argued that: “When a party makes an obligation it is with full understanding the Government may change the monetary system.” That is perfectly true. It is also true that when an individua] lends money to another individual, it is with full understanding that the borrower may pack his bags and leave the country or poison his wife and go to jail or take some other action that would amount to repudiation of the debt, and, unless the creditor is pro- reconcile himself to his loss. There is not much he can do about it. ‘There is a eonstitutional point in- volved in the Government’s repudia- tion of a solemn obligation to pay certain of its debts in gold coin of a stipulated value, this cbligation having been entered into voluntarily by the debtor and without insistence from the creditor that it be written down. But the legal aspects of this ecase are not as important as the moral issue with which it is connected. ment bond does so at his own risk, so to speak, and with the full under- standing of the significance of congres- sional power to change the monetary system, the Government might substi- tute for the now repudiated gold clause another clause in its next issue of bonds that would read: “The Government promises to repay interest and prin- money it chooses to call legal tender. stand fully that, if by inflationary prec- esses of one sort or another the value make this sacrifice to help those who are not bondholders. At any rate— own risk.” might tend to discourage investors in Government bonds, but, as long as the repudiated gold clause is regarded by some as a “legal fiction” and without any meaning, the insertion of the sub- stitute clause would at least be con- sistent and no investor could blame his Gbvernment for not making clear the nature of its contract. More Foolishness at Louvain. ‘The celebrated balustrade of the Uni- versity library at Louvain in Belgium has been demolished again. As it hap-| pens, the same fanatic is responsible. Five years ago he constituted himself & smashing committing of one; he re- peated the performance yesterday. The report of the incident does not make pretty reading. A Latin phrase, signifying “De- stroyed by German fury; restored by American generosity,” originally was designed to embellish the balcony in question. It was to be carved into the stone work of the balustrade. Obvious- ly, the thought of the sponsors was that it was appropriate to keep alive the passionate memories of the World ‘War by such a monumental inscrip- tion. Many agreed with their judg- ment. But many disagreed, and as the years passed and a degree of sanity de- veloped among the erstwhile belliger- ents, majority opinion disapproved the militancy of the proposed caption. To these dissenters it did not seem neces- sary that any such label should be at- tached to the reconstructed library building. The heart of the Belgian nation could be relied upon to remem- ber that the edifice had been burned by invading German troops and rebuilt by charitable Americans. The war was over, let its horrors be forgot. But in the end a court order was re- quired to bar the offensive slogan from the balustrade. When that action had been taken the discussion was termi- nated so far as the greater number of those interested was concerned. But one childish iconoclast remained, and | now for the second time he has dem- } onstrated his spite and malice. In the ‘ circumstances, the kindest thing to | think of him is that he is deranged. When arrested yesterday he boasted, “You see, there are still true Bel- | glans” The statement may be taken | as an expression of his insanity. Were he in proper mental condition he would know that “true Belgians” are not anarchists, their own hands and do mnot pathological spectacles of themselves in | the eyes of the world. ————— Demands for dignity have been rec- | ognized and it is expected that Congress | will manage to close proceedings for the | present without any undue demonstra- i tion of enthusiasm. | Tammany’s Troubles Renewed. ‘Tammany's troubles over the mayor- alty of Greater New York, considerably necessities of life were doled out to abated by the refusals of three possible them through the general stores. Now the end apparently has come, for there ia lttle likelinood that from the Te- | eelvership will revive a sufficiently rejuv- | enated Zion City to enable it to carry | candidates for the office as fusionists, | MeKee, Smith and Seabury, have been renewed by a sudden complication over the city’s debt. Several banking insti- tutions, which hold approximately on as one of the most prosperous co- |$120,000,000 of the city revenue bills operative socio-religious enterprises the | maturing on the tenth of this month world has ever known. |and which eannot be met on that date, Dowie's administration of Zion City | have agreed to an extension, but only was wrecked by his personal misde-|for three months, which will cause the meanora He was ousted from leader- maturity to occur on September 20, or tected by collateral, the ereditor must shown in airships by President Roosevelt Ifa visit to the dentist; more painful in every individual who buys & Govern-|the preliminary contemplation than in cipal of this debt in whatever sort of |!0 d0 no more than select one The purchaser of-this bond must under- | éonomizing. of the dollars with which this bond is |olive oil and other countries may find bought is reduced by one-half or more, | & Way to go further and promote inter- it 1s his duty as a patriotic citizen to | change of olive branches. the purchaser byys this bond at his|Street investigation goes by excursions, ‘That might be a little long, and it|in a non-stop flight. do not take the law into make | THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, about seven weeks before the municipal election. While some curtall may be effected by then, there will be a suf- ficient gross of indebtedness to consti- tute a menace to the organization, as it is feared by the “Hall” that a further extension will be granted enly upon conditions that will seriously affect the morale of the voters, usually marahaled in solid ranks in support of the estab- lished regime. Such conditions include, for instance, a drastic reduction of jobs and salaries and possibly the imposition of assesaments upon rapid transit fares. Emergency measures of revenue rals- ing are being sought to lessen the margin now existing between income and liability, such as a registration tax on automobiles, in connection with the use of the city bridges. This measure | is computed as worth some $20,000,000 | a year to the city, but not only is that insufficient to solve the immediate problem, but its proposal has aroused active protest. Reduction in the num- ber of jobs and the pay scale is the real economy which the creditors of the city are demanding, and that is a resort of desperation to the organiza- tion, which thrives upon the pay rolls. Municipal bankruptey is in truth staring Tammany in the face, and the alterna- tive is a housecleaning that would vir- | tually monkey-wrench the machine. So the lack of a commanding fusion eandi- date for the mayoralty, such as McKee, Smith or Seabury would have béen, does not lessen the anxiety of the organization. For Tammany depends for its continued support upon the maintenance of a large fat pay roll, with perquisites which, in the aggregate, bring the big town well into the red section of the municipal spectrum. e Aviation could have no more con- vincing approval than the confidence and his family. Air travel is recognized as a modern institution which needs protection only from ill-conditioned | planes and reckless pilots. ——e— Banquet speeches abroad may occa- sionally be hard to listen to for those Wwho only recently were taking the George Washington Bicentennial cere- monies in all seriousness. Many regard a sales tax as resembling the actual experience. Many Italian citizens are duly grate- ful to Mussolinl for runming the business of a great government on terms that amount to a receivership. —oe—. An economic conference is expected particular nation to do most of the B — Spain asks tariff consideration on e ——— It is becoming doubtful whether Wall or reveals incidental changes of acenery SHOOTING STARS. BY PRILANDER JOHNEON. Home, Sweet Home. Music’s music as it is, Anybody's taste is his; Nothing argument can change, Even when a little strange. When you're feeling in your heart Congressmen are due to start To the home towns once again, Seek no sentimental strain. Home, Sweet Home, will not, they say, Send them waltzing on their way. Let a Sousa march be heard, Pirmly let their steps be stirred; Soon to answer they must try Questions like “and how?” “and why?” Home, Sweet Home, with grace sublime, Can’t be set to marching time, And when questioning friends they meet Home may not seem near so sweet. “Can you Xeep all your promises?” “Yes,” answered Senator lorlhum, “some of them on file indefinitel Jud Tunkins says the thermometer is | another reminder that it's hard to be | popular simply by telling the absolute truth, Ship Ahoy! Sail on, oh good old ship of state, Your message to deliver, Sometimes across the ocean great And sometimes down the river. Social Study. “Why do you attend so many recep- tions?” “For two reasons,” answered Miss Cayenne. “I wish to see my friends and my enemies.” “Wealth may become 5o great,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “that at last it may seem only a row of fig- ures on a slip of paper.” In the Merry Springtime. The elephant I once admired, His size now makes me fidget And from my favor is retired. T'd like to be the midget. The elephant is never gay, His style is far to nosy. I'd rather be petite and play Ringling around the Rosy. “I likes to hear good speakin’,” said Uncle Eben, “an’ I ain’t yet found an oratory dat satisfiles my mind as much as my old friend de preacher.” o The Changing World. From the Omaha Evening World-Herald. ‘The Gulf Stream is reported to be | shifting its course. In a new world, such | as is being mlde today, many ways have | to be changed. Gasoline Grandeur. From the Springfield (Mass.) Dally Re- publican. The former crown prince of Germany has joined the Nazi motor corps; but it isn't much like being the man on! horseback. ————— Tokio and War. From the Pittsburgh Post-Gaette. Japan has declared war on the de- pression. Tokie seems to exercise nice discrimination in deciding which war is to be declared. Garden Rankings. Prom the Fort Worth Star-Teles! ‘This promises to be the year tn ‘which | bag” the other day with respect to one | THIS AND THAT ms, wever, are of such worth have gained universal praise among those who love the art. The poems in “A Shropshire Lad” (1896) and “Last Poems” (1924) are of such merit that when their author writes another small book, “The Name and Nature of Poetry,” just published ! by the Macmillan company, readers everywhere have & right to expeet much. * K ok % We]l many of them will be disap- Pm( “Housman of the chair of Latin at Cambridge) is in the same boat with Poe, when the latter attempted to tell how he wrote “The Raven.” Such explanations are always inter- :fing. but they never explain any- thing. Perhaps it is asking too much that | they should explain anything. Housman's verse would “flow into his mind,” that was all If he had to think about it, he inti- mates, both he and the poem were lost; but, if not lost, then disappeinting. * ok kX Intellectual poetry, then, is not ex- actly poetry, or is it? Just how far one should use one's| brain in the production of poems is a problem oft considered by many. It is well known, of course, that not every one is a poet who loves poetry, any more than that every reader who ngnu great novels is able to write them. Appreciation is something in itself. If this were not so, probably there would be no artists of any kind. The artist, whether great or small, must have appreciation for his first pay. Admiration is the divine flattery. B It is possible, therefore, to love poetry, and to be very much interested in it, without being able, at the same time, to produce it one’s self. ‘There are few persons, however, who have not at some time or other in their lives attempted to write verse. Most soon come to the conclusion that they do not do it very well, hence they give over the effort, leaving it to those of more evident IWO‘:\{ From the ranks of the would-be poets, undoubtedly, come the bulk of poetry lovers. EEE Just how much of poetry making must be “fine frenzy,” and how much sheer mental ability? Such a question is similar to that uwr Must writing, to be called poetry, trical? y of the passages of the Bible are wrdod by most readers as poetry, although they do not “scan,” or rhyme. Few discriminating readers of Whit- man’s “Leaves of Grass” would be will- ing to assert that his poems are no poems at all, but prose. That matter has been threshed out too many times before. * ok kX It is generally held that the term poetry is large enough in scope to admit of various sorts of- poetics, just as prose is a flexible medium ndmtmnl everything fmm a seed catalogue to i poetry.” Equllly it must be agreed that most The President, in the execution of his broad powers of economy and reorgan- ization, has retraced his steps—back- pedu-d. if you please—in several im- t perticulars in recent weeks. mpecp.t.;.cl\au in pauw and veterans’ com| tions ol ulglted are ln pmc are to be materially Wm important particulars, irre- spective of congressional attempts of the moment to hamstring major items in the new schedules of pensions and compensations. Second was the matter of economies in the naval establish- ment. Closing on a wholesale scale of Atlantic Coast navy yards, originally projected, is not, it seems, to mate- works bill will be provided to keep the ards in operation. The rotation plan ¥or our battleships and cruisers, where- by two-thirds of the fleet were to be lald up in rotation and one-third only kept in active commission, has abandoned as_impracticable and un- economical. The ordet previously is- sued has been revoked by Secretary Swanson. Third, there is to be no re- tirement of Army officers on any wholesale scale. It mow develops that the operations of the Civilian Conser- vation Corps are going to keep bmv | the Army nfléux;:s whom it had been roposed to dism P x x * x Last but not least of the shifts in administration direction, the drastic realignment of Government bureaus and departments—reorganization on a wholesale scale—is to go forward slow- ly and in piecemeal rather than in one fell swoop. Furthermore, it now appears that though tremendous administrative economies are being effected through curtailment _of certain Government ac- | tivitles and reductions in personnel, | nevertheless, reorganization, as the | Congress and public understood it, has been found to contain less economy in| dallar values than had been originally forecast. | * K ok X Donald Richberg is another muslclan. along with Secretary Woodin, to_sit in| the seats of the mighty in the Raose velt administration. The newcomer, | however, besides his musical talents | and fame as a novelist, is a lawyer who| has fought for progressive principles | | for more than twenty years—a veteran | of the Bull Moose and La Follette | campaigns. He has long been sttorney | %! for ~the rallroad brotherhoods — he | helped write the industrial control bill now before Congress. The President calls him Donald. Mr. Richberg is to| team up with Gen. Hugh Johnson in administering Federal control over in-| dustry. He is destinéd to wield enor- mous power. He was graduated from the Harvard Law School in 1904 —a classmate of Franklin D.'s. His home is in Chicago. He is known everywhere in the college world as the author of a famous Phi Delta song, “Smoke Dreams.” * kK % Mrs. Roosevelt “let the cat out of the detail of her husband's vacation plans— not previously disclosed—that he in-| tended to visit Marion, Mass., and board the yacht Amberjack II, on which he will cruise along the Maine coast, at Marion rather than at Marblehead. Dr. William McDonald, a friend and medi- | cal adviser of long standing, summers at Marion and the President hopes to pay him a brief visit and “sail around Buszards Bay for a few days” before setting forth on the cruise with his sons. This plan is still contingent on the ad- journment date of Congress, according to the White House. No hint of the Marion visit had come out of the White House until Mrs. “F. D.” told of it to some femnine n‘ews gatherers. * % % ‘The annual congressional base ball game is scheduled to be held next Sat- urday, weather permitting. The Demo- cratic and Republican teams are alleged to be already in training. The line-ups have not yet been announced. The President may toss out the first ball. The Democrats have the manifest ad- vantage, in that they have a so much larger fleld of candidates, outnumbering their Republican brethren in the House more than two to one. Representative | all amateur gardeners become profes- sionals by way of the process of elimina- tione a Charles J. Millard of New York is manager of the Republican team and Eddia Kelly (Representative Edward A. BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS regula- | paper riginally prom! 13 ess of revision and the cuts originally o rialize, New work under the public| 5ty been | time was had by all. MONDAY, JUNE 5, 1933. The Political Mill readers think of poetry as metrical in | ti form, when they think of poetry at all. Regularity of accent; and perhaps rhyme, are essentials. The average dictionary definition runs something as follows: “The art, work, of the poet; elevated expression of ele- vated thought or feeling in metrical form.” * o ok % The common feeling about poetry is expressed there very well. It is the concise Oxford definition we have used. Let us look at it for a moment. Poetry, then, is an art, and it also is a work. Nothing is said about it being an “art work.” Poetry is elevated expression, either! of thought or of feeling, in metrical form, It is recognized that mostly human | beings are not ‘“elevated” except through an intoxication of some sort, either of feeling, or of intelligence, or apirituous. Some of the reviewers of Prof. Hous- | man's new book have made mueh of | the fact that he tells of having drunk | a pint of beer before starting out on | a two or three hour walk which brought his poems flowing into his mind. The drink made no difference. It might just as well have been a cup of coffee, or ginger ale. Even a pint of British beer would make no difference, * K kX Every person who writes has his own peculiar methods of putting himself as close to a “mood” as he can. Some begin with beer, and end with a walk. Others consume lemon drops. Housman, being English, likes a long walk. In the course of such a solitary stroll he is able to work himself—or at least was able to do it sometimes—into & gort of fine frenzy of composition, Such poetry is generally lyrical to & degree. Xt 'ten possesses so much of this one mumy that the critical reader, while admiring it for the qualities it has, often wishes it had a bit more of the solid “meat” of such dogged old poet-tasters as Robert Browning, who wrote his poetry right out of his mind and had done with it. * ok ok Nobody knows, after all, how much of “elevated feeling” is “elevated thought.” ‘The two merge and run along together. ‘They coalesce. One begins where the other leaves off; the big trouble is no ane knows where it leaves off. Om naively may believe, since poetry is writing, and since writing is dene by the mind, that intelligence plays & major part in the production of poems, 0o, real poems, of course. This is what every one has thought, all these years, and there seems no reason for change. Poetry is not so much “fine frenzy” as hard work; it is more intelligence than emotion, but also more poetic than practical. One sees something which appeals. The appeal may be artistic, or it may be emotional; it may make a demand upon the intelligence, or merely call for a statement which attempts to portray a mood. If somehow the situation seems to call for something out of the ordinary, where the ordinary expression will not do, then it becomes poetry, and the| better poet a man is, by nature, the better his poem will be, whether he begins the process with beer or lemon drops. Poetry is artificial, prose is natural. Poetry is the oldest, because man has always yearned to be artificial, not natural. Poetry is an escape from Nature, even when 1t treats of flowers and birds and other natural objects, Kelly of Illinois) is the manager for the Democratic team. x ok ok ‘The President and Mrs. Roosevelt's family party at the White House last Saturday night—the “family” in this|ipy instance being the Washington news- corps, male and female, and attered more The “freedom press” was more than & slogan— it was a reality. The guests roamed at will through the mansion and the grounds. Historic chairs and sofas were Quly sat upon. Cigarettes and re- freshments were bountifully dispensed. ‘Two bands played for dancing. Male {ashion arbiters might have been per- plexed. There was one tail coat and white tie, one white “mess jacket"—a le spongored by Palm Beach elln' innumerable tuxedos—a fair .lpnnklml of white flannels. The Preoldent. seated in the ball room, attired We silk suit, was an animated on- er for nearly two hours. A good * ok ok ¥ Calvin Coolidge’s widow is ome of five new members elected to the Board of Regents of Mercersburg (Pa.) Acad- emy, where both her sons were pre- pared for college and where a gold cross in the academy's chapel now stands in memory of Calvin, jr. The other new members of-the board are Gen. Merritt W. Ireland, long surgeon general of the Army; Dr. Alfred E. Stearns, headmaster emeritus of Phil- lips Andover Academy, Dr. Luther P. Eisenhart, dean of the faculty at Princeton, and Dr. John Timothy Stone, president of the Presbyterian Theological Seminary, Chicago. The plaque bestowed each year upon a dis- tinguished alumnus of the academy this year has been awarded to Dr. Joel | T. Boone. former White House phy- | siclan. Dr. Boone in return presented to the academy at the special exer- cises the ensign which had flown at the masthead of the presidential yacht Mayflower. (Copyright, 1933.) o Cumulative Penalties In Federal License Bill To the Editor of The Star: Before business interests give their unqualified approval to the national industrial recovery bill, now pending before Congress, they will do well ',0 scrutinize closely the provisions in tlon 4 of the bill, which provides he following penalties for violation of any condition of a_ license granted on the order of the President: “Any person | who, without such a license or in viola- tion of any condition thereof, carries on any such business for which a license is so required, shall upon conviction there- of be fined not more than $500, or im- ed not more than six months, or , and each day such violation con- ;muea shall be deemed a separate of- fense The “joker” in the penalties thus provided is that it makes each day's violation a separate offense, whether the violation was committed knowingly or not. Under this provision it would be possible for a person who had un- knowingly violated some condition of a license, or continued in business with- out a necessary license, to incur a max- imum penalty of a $15,000 fine and be imprisoned for 15 years for & violation of the law for 30 days. This is some extreme penalty compared with the comparatively light penlmu existing for grave crimes. BROWN. ——e— Drift. From the Roanoke Times. Yes, the administration is drifting— but only on Sunday afternoons when the President goes for a leisurely cruise down the Potomac. Safety. From the Altoona Mirfor. ‘The greatly-maligned doughnut is not indigestible, assert Yale scientists. ‘Well, if & doughnut lover with a weak digestion wants to play safe he can do s0 only by eating only the hole. Neither Popular. From the Lowell Evening Leader. t trouble the legislators. It is cer- ly aired in the courts, the Congress is a to be ‘Apparentl under this proposed law It is to compel manufacturers of compe- tition, to pay a living wage, to shorten hours of labor and to limit production in some way so that there will not be a glut of the market. But where is this kind of regulation of private in- dustry by luvumment going to end? Who 1s going to pay the bill? There seems not the slightest doubt that the public, the consuming public, will foot the bill. But where all t.hu is going to end is another matter and not so easy to predict. * % x % Included in the bill is the so-called licensing provision, by which concerns are compelled to obtain from the Gov- ernment licenses to do business, after a “code” has been set up by the industry tself and aepproved by the Govern- ment. It is true that the Senate Pinance Committee, rearing up on its hind legs for a minute, has cut that particular provision from the bill. But the Democratic leaders are movinx heaven and earth to have the pro vision restored, holding that it is \hz heart, or the teeth, of the measure. this licensing feature be taken out u! the bill, then concérns would be able to go ahead and do b t complying with the “code” set up for them, it is contended. Whether they would in reality be able to stand up against & great majority of their com- petitors, banded together in the code agreement, remains to be seen. R R ‘The trend of the bill is to break down competition and to disregard the anti- trust laws. The trend is to make ef- fective still larger combinations in the business and industrial world than exist today, although most of the troubles of the country are due to too great cen- unmum of business and industry as is. The country is not suffering !rom too much anti-trust law, but from the fallure to inforce the anti-trust laws. Industry and business has be- come more and more a series of huge trusts and monopolies. All kinds of chain stores have wiped out the small and independent merchant. More and more huge industrial corporations have eliminated the independent manufac- turer. * % % How is the consuming public to fare under the workings of this proposed legislation? Apparently one of the chief desires of the proponents of the bill is to increase wages, provide for mini- mum labor and improve work- ing conditions. The bill goes much be- yond what would be necessary to ac- complish these things. While the bill may result in an in- crease in wages and a reduction in the hours of labor, there is the chance, due to the other agreements allowed, that n t m a nelur disparity fair wksu and fair mnu would YCQ“!I’G veritable army of employes, and then, when such were arrived at, umyeflmmnadetohethnmn[h Ablymevould N‘?ho.lmlul::;s : use * muOomnnentlh--mhum agency to see that eul;r:mnm ness and industry be f; lywnduoted—— the Federal Trade Commission. This great value. The losures made in its investigation of g\llbllc utilities and the “power trust” ve been such as to bring about im- rtant reform legislation. This agency reoenuy been designated in the new rities law—enacted so that the pchle may really know what is back the securities which are offered to |hem for purchase. One section of the industrial recovery bill sets forth that after the President shall have approved a code set up by an industry, looking to “standards of fair competition,” any violation of this code shall be deemed an unfair method of competition in commerce within the memfi‘ of -the Federal Trade Commission act. Viola- tions of the code shall be punishable by a fine of not more than $500 for each offense. * K Xk A subsection of the bill, however, in- stead of leaving it to the Federal Trade Commission to determine whether there has been a violation of one of these | codes set up by the industries and to start proceedings to prevent such a violation, would leave this to the United States district attorneys. This seems an unwise provision. The Federal Trade Commission has been free from E‘“y politics,, for one thing, and po- itical influences might have consider- able effect in dealing with alleged vlnlaflom of the proposed “codes” .of competition to be set up by the in- dustries themselves. If the law is to be enacted, this subsection could be eliminated with considerable benefit. The Trade Commission is equipped to make the necessary investigations and is familiar with that kind of work, and the law under which it works, to a degree not possible in the office of & district attorney. * ok ox % In the past in this country it has been the contention that when a man ventures his capital, skill and labor in a business he should be allowed to run 1t within the law as he desires and sees fit, and not as the majority of those engaged in the same business or some governmental agency want him to run it. It is by the individual innova- tion, both as to methods and practices, that progress is made. Such has been responsible for the growth and develop- ment of the United States. Where the majority in an industry can direct and control the methods and practices of all in the industry, what chance has one whose methods or practices may in- jure or cause increased capital outlay in the form of improvements, etc., by the others in the industry? It cannot be the intention to kill or abrogate in- dividual initiative and efficlency for even two years, the limit set for this law. It does not seem possible that it is the intention to stratify business and society. ———— As Usual. From the New York Sun. ‘There’s one thing normal in an world. The graduating Princetonians voted, as usual, that “Tom Jones” is their favorite novel. Chief Mechanic. From the Ashland Daily Independent. A man may be telling the truth now when he says he runs things at his house. He means the washing machine and the vacuum ———t——— Chicago’s Next Century. Prom the Louisville Courler-Journal. ‘The problem of the day is what to do In view of the fact that economies and taxes are bott equally unpopulaz, Chicago teachers can look forward to ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERI! Few Americans realize how much their Government does for them. Read- ers of The Star can draw on all govern- ment activities through our free infor- mation service. The world's greatest libraries, laboratories and experimental stations are at their command. Ask any question of fact and it will be an- swered, free, by mail direct to you. chlo- 3 cents in coin or stamps for postage. Do not use post cards. Addl'el The Star Information Bureau, ged%’mc. Haskin, Director, Washing- n, Q When was polo first played?— A Tt is believed to have originated in Persia more than 2,000 years ago and quickly came into popularity in Tur- kestan, Tibet, Japan and Indo-China. ‘What name was given it by the Per- sians and the others is effaced by time. But the Tibetans called it pulu, mean- ing ball, and when the sport was re- vived in the nineteenth century, the English changed “pulu” to polo. There is little coherent polo history from the dawn of the Christian era until its en- try into India by way of I*anipur in the sixteenth century. It is established, however, that there were at least 12 dif- ferent forms of polo, each peculiar to the nation in which it was played. Q. What is the name of the organi- zation which is opposed to capital pun- ishment?—L. L. A. It is the Amerlun League to Abol- ish Capital Punishment. Clarence Dar- Q. Who is the newest, lttlch of the British Embassy?—I. B. P. is the Earl of Chlehm one Pe.lh-n was born in 1912, and succeeded in xna The earldom was created in 1801. Q. What disposal did President Theo- dore Roosevelt make of the Nobel pn-e which was awarded him?—W. R. A. The prize amounted to $40,000 and he used part of the amount in’ endow- ing the Foundation for the Promotion of Industrial Peace. Qwhntklndolnmnkmm called sack?—D. A It'uspopuhrdnnk in the time , and he made it the kvfllte of Falstaff. It is be- lieved to have been a light- dry Spanish wine. whnmlnmnheum mdc?—! C. A. They were first coined in the year 1858, The design was changed a little in 1860, and a slightly thinner coin was made in 1864. The Indian head 1- cent piece was made from 1859 to 1909, inclusive. S T2 e, B ‘who re: al T service of John Brown?—B. 8. A. The Rev. Joshua Younu ‘was, for m deprived of his chureh at Bur- Q. How lonl l(o dld Dorothy Arnold A.EMhflhzthnmemNe'Yafk City on December 12, 1910, and dis- appeared completely. Q Who was the commander of the w which sank the Lusitania?—R. C. D. A. The !Mhl\h was lunk by the submarine U- commanded by Wal- thetfiehmu Q.B-pobmlvybehulnthe family?—C. C. Am lvy,mnvenlothfl similar names, is not an vy,hthnunlyuuedbyflulmme because of its resemblance to the real 1?1. Mlvyhdmntolunme is STy diferent plant. rom e B lish ivy. Credit is given to Premier Mussolini for his efforts in suppart of the four- the K l“hfllnm ¥ de olln« -Briand pact, are sim) - signed to bring us closer t and action, but wif tion of any kind of ferce.”” The Jersey City Journal finds “subsidence of the fearful talk, which was heing heard all too openly, in Europe and outside, of the imminence of the next Euro- pean war” The Sioux Falls Daily Argus-Leader feels that “for the time being, the war flames in ‘Zurope have been subdued.” The Providence Journal believes that “the world is getting its house in order for the fateful meetings Bo form a common front against the " The San J flenld although conceding that “the accord may not last,” draws the con- clusion that “there are strong currents in Europe running for peace.” ‘The suggestion that the treaty be ratified by referendum is made by the Fort Worth Star-Telegram, believing that it “would be a gesture that hasn't been made before.” That paper also comments: “Jf the four-power pact has the disposition behind its units there will be no more wars. If the wars are declared hyhrnrferendum there will be Prance is merely afraid of Germany. That latter nation already has its war burdens. Going to war over a debt which can't be paid is the poorest possible hypothesis for an in- ternational proposition.” “If the Rome accord does no more than relieve the nervous political ten- sion which has been increasing the added interpretation: stitution of a decade for eternity marks Mussolini as the world’s most practical statesman. That recognition may be accorded him without at all minimizing the usefulness of President Roosevelt’s address to the nations which, under all its appearance of idealistic generaliza- | tion, had the highly practical merit of offering certain powers a graceful exit | from otherwise hopelessly opposed posi- | tions. President Roosevelt clearly | enough paved the way for the German chancellor’s address of conciliation and the two events led directly to the four- power preliminary agreement reached in Rome. So the world, which same- | times and more or less includes the United States, is making a political peace.” “Thelr program of peace is harmoni- ous,” says the Salt Lake Deseret News, “with the League of Nations Covenant and the smnd-xeunu pact. Ger- | many is acknowledged to have equal | rights in arms and is to be allowed to attain these during the next five years. Franece is satisfied that her security will bé maintained by the reafirmation of Article X of the League of Nations, which binds league members to pre- serve territorial integrity and pouuw independence of all members in case of aggression or danger. Disarmament 1s agreed on, but the coincident accept- ance of the MacDonald plan made a new statement > Agreemen! Roosevelt pro- g)-h is em by the Santa onica Ou and the Charlotte Ob- server, while the Rochester in t the ha C J. HASKIN. Q. What does kokomo mean?—G. M. A. Kokomo means young grand- mother, A Miami village, thus named after a chief, stoed on the site of the present Kokomo, Ind. Q. What is the difference between miracle plays and mystery plays as dramatic types>—D, M. A. Halleck, in his “English Literature,” says that “A miracle play is the d~_ matic representation of the‘life of a saint and of the miracles connected with him. A mystery play deals with gospel events which are concerned with any phase of the life of Christ, or wit™ any biblical event that remotely fore- shadows Christ or indicates the neces- sity of a Redeemer.” Q. How many Cenfederate veterans are still living?—E. A. R. A. It is estimated that there are about Q. How are Pullman cars p-ocured by the different railroads?—D. J. B. A. The Pullman Car Co. rents or leases its care to individual railroads by an agreement or contract with that particular railroad. Q. How far from Monticello is Ash Lawn?—T. H. A. Ash Lawn, home of James Monroe, five miles out of Charlottesville, Va., is about two miles beyond Monticello, home of Thomas Jefferson. Q. What s the medical term for a persan who habitually tells useless lies? A. He is a pathological liar and sut- fers from what is known as mytho- mania. Q. When were alarm clocks first used?—E. M. A. It is not definitely known when the first alarm clock was made. Alarm attachments are as old as the mechani- cal clock itself. They were probably ads Qd for use of the priesthood. Ac- to one autharity, the inven- tion i.s attributed to the Monk Gerbert, as early as 996. Q How long has the word, reforesta- tion, been as it is today?>—C. P. R. Al It came into active use for Te- planting with trees in about 1880. Q. When was barbed wire introduced on farms?—R. H. L, States, barbed wire & way by which wire without being destroyed by the animals it was intended to con- Vaughan for a machine to manufac- ture it. Did Thomas J Jeflennn play a musical instrument?—P. 8. = Four-Power Pact Expected To Check European Tension %Wwfiwm'fi wummuu in general, mdwwl-pueM will on other nations.” The San An- tonio Express .views it as way for “a multilateral treaty the Kellogg anti-war compact.” The Cincinnati Times-Star believes that “Mussolini deserves great credit,” and that there is of “a co-opera- tion between these powers which has be-ndbllamcltoaun. ‘The verhill Gazette hopes that “the na- tions of the world can together long enmxhwoo-orauutheirm forefleclfl proble: Baut, of course, all this is surmise. present pact is enough to mark era in the great advance of the idea. There can be no doubt impetus which has resulted nt came from President Mercury | of the A Pledge of Peace. Prom the Lincoln State Journal. | Europe's big four—England, France, Italy and Germany—have informally -cc:gwd & pact, designed and spon- |sored by Mussolini, by whlch Lhey pledge themselves to keep the peace of Europe for ten years. pe has taken the “cure” for war a number of times and in a num- ber of forms in recent years. Yet, in spite of all these preventives, the lead- ing nations have been nursing a war scare of serious proportions of late. The Mussolini pact, coming at this time, . shuuld hlve a_quieting effect on nerv- There is an element of % tn ‘the fact that an agreement kind could be effected. In view of this new development, Europe should have some hope of continued peace. Pacts which pledge nations to keep the peace forever and a day take in a lot of territory. We can 'do it, every nation thinks, if our neighbors wiil |mind their own business., But when- ever a neighbor buys a néw battleship or enlists a new regiment the people become pnni%ky and de they need more men and weapons, retty soon trouble develops. i It should not be lmmhle for Eu- mpe, rur the four big powers at least, to ce for tem more years. Memory of the last conflict is too clear to make these nations anxious for an- other fight now. And with ten years of peace in prospect perhaps some ma- chinery for ironing out intermational difficulties can be whipped into shape to meet a majority of the numerous |ideas entertained on this subject. At the very least, a promise of ten years of peace by the big powers, s not at all unreasonable or ennv-nnt promise, is an accomplishment. very least an optimistic world can hnpo for is that after ten years hnve elapsed the big four will be in mood for pledcing themselves to -noum- decade —._....*_ Erudition. From the Portland Oregon Dally Journal. lmther century of progress in the hope of catching up with thelr salaries, ‘Times- Union sees “an attempt to I-nhh fear of another European wsr.” The Indian- #polis News refers fo the plan as one &nu