Evening Star Newspaper, April 24, 1933, Page 2

A—2 sxx MEASURES SPEED OF EARTH'S MOTION Scientist Announces Determ- ination by Direct Ob- servation to Academy. (Continued From Pirst Page.) tenuous form of matter with certain extraordinary qualities. Light also travelled through ether at the known speed of approximately 190.000 miles a second. Now if a beam of light was sent out in the direction of the move- ment of the earth and, at a carelully measured distance, reflected back to its | starting point it should get back sooner GLOUCESTER FISHERMEN than a similar beam sent out simul- taneously in a direction at right angle< to that of the earth’s motion. The earth would be moving to mcet one ! returning beam and speeding away from the other. | So, Prof. Michelson believed. the dif- | ference in the time of return of the two reflected beams would be a measure of the speed of the earth. Logically, | 1t was universally admitted, his position | was unassailable. The quantities in- | volved were extremely minute but still | large enough to be detected by the un- cannily sensitive interferometer with some aliowance for experimental error. The experiment was tried—over and over again. It was almost unbelieve- | able. But the fact remained that no | significant difference could be detected. | This experiment showed conclusively | that the earth was not moving. On the other hand, common sense showed that it was. Science found itself face to face with the worst quandary it had known since the days of Copernicus. Various tentative, and extremely weird, explanations were advanced. First of these was the strange Lorens hypothesis that an object automatically shrunk in the direction of the earth’s motion. That is Prof. Michelson's table was | just sufficiently shortened as to coun- | teract the difference in time of the | two returning light beams. That hy- | pothesis still has adherents—among | them. it was indicated, Prof. Miller himself. Eclipsed By Einstein Theory. But the strange Lorens theory. which fitted the facts very nicely, but was in- capable of experimental verification at that time, was soon eclipsed by an- other for which experimental data could be obtained—the Einstein theory. Einstein showed that Michelson's re- sults were inevitable if a certain hyper- dimensional structure of the universe | were postulated. There was no such thing as ether, he said. The place of this hypothetical substance was to be taken by his four-dimensional space itself distorted in the neighborhood of great masses of matter such as the solar system. The scientific snowball had started down hill and it has been rolling ever since, gathering size and strangeness as it goes. It was not so much the spe- cific facts themselves that were signifi- cant, especially to the layman. Only a comparatively few mathematicians could understand them. What was significant was the psychology of it all. At last the human mind was set free from the | world of the senses with its three di- mensions and let loose in a hyperdi- | mensjonal creation—& sort of Alice in | ‘Wonderland universe where everything was upside down. Space and time, past and future, were all mixed up. Hitherto man's concept of the universe, the rela- tivists held, had been comparable to & blind earth worm's concept -of the world. The learned world very largely ac- cepted Einstein. A few did not. That great American physicist Michelson, the man who started it all, never swallowed relativity without reserva- tions. He still insisted that there must be an ether. 3ut he couldn't find it. Five years ago, toward the end of his life. he reported to the American Op- tical Society here the Tesults of his most Tecent repetitions of his experi- ment in the light of much new data that had been developed. They were almost exactly the same as at first, A little sadly the grand old man of American science propounded the para- dox. There was certainly ether, he said. But it was equally certain that it couldn’t be found by an experiment which, from all the dictates of com- | mon sense, certainly would detect it if there was anything to €etect. Le Maitre’s Cosmic Atom. Another who refused to forego ether and a common-sense structure of the universe was Prof. Miller and he worked patiently year after year, Tepeating in various forms the Michel- son-Morley test—making it ever more and more delicate. About eight years ago he announced that he had obtained positive results. They did not seem to meet with much acceptance. Michel- | son himsell was doubtful and died still | puzzled by the great cosmic paradox. Since then great mathematicians have brought out hypotheses compared with which even that of Einstein seems con- servative and commonplace—for exam- Pple. the Belgian priest Le Maitre, here | this Winter, with his cosmic atom. | It is against this background that | Miller'’s announcement today assumes its historical significance. For the first time, he says, he has actually measured the motion of the earth without an outside point of reference | and his measurements agree fairly well | with the results of astronomical cal- culations. He may have succeeded where Michelson and Morley failed and thus, it is possible, brought the mind of men back out of the enchanted wonderland to the familiar universe of the human senses. The great difficulty experienced by | Prof. Miller, he reported today, was in separating the effect of the earth’s movement around the sun and its movement as part of the solar system. The first motion in an elliptical path end six months in one direction and six months in the opposite direction. The second and much greater move- ment is in a straight line and always in the same direction. The problem Wwas to separate the two through de- tecting the seasonal effect. Worked on Problem 35 Years. Previous computations had indicated ,hm the sun and its stars were follow- ng a northward course toward the con- stellation of Hercules as an apex. Prof. Miller made more than 200,000 interfer- ometer observations, but they failed to At in with the observed facts. He worked on_the problem for more than 85 years. Last year he recalculated his data on the assumption that the abso- Jute motion of the system was south- ward—along the same line but in the opposite direction, and found that the Interferometer readings agreed closely Wwith astronomical calculations. There remain some differences. This may be due, Prof. Miller said, to the shortening of the length of his instru- ments in the line of the earth’s motion, as postulated by the Lorenz hypothesis, or to the dragging of ether by the earth. He had made, he announced, “for the first time a definite, quanti- | tative determination of the absolute motion of the solar system and a posi- tive detection of the motion of the| earth in its orbit. The average density of matter throughout the universe is only a mil- lionth of an octrillionth of a gram per cubic centimeter, Prof. Harlow Shap- ley, director of the Harvard College Observatory, reported to the academy as the result of recent computations. His computation was for space as a whole in which the Milky Way galaxy, which includes the sun and constitutes the entire visible universe, is only an insignificant part. Dr. Shapley com- puted the density of space for 25 groups of galaxies like the Milky Way system. He found, however. that in some re- gions space is from 10 to 1,000 times as dense as in others. This is considerea significant in explaining the evclution | voyage dcwn from Gloucester. ith the special rubber stamp he carries with him In the upper picture is a group of Old “Salts” THE EVENIN Ask Help : HERE TO SEEK RELIEF. “Gloucestermen,” who want the fishing industry to receive something in the nature of the relief planned tor faWmers. Left to right they are Capt. Ben Pine, famous Gloucester. Mass., sailing master, who skippered his schooner, Gertrude L. fisherman'’s race. in 1930, beating the Cal Parker of Gloucester, Mass.. Mayor Jam William J. MacInnes, former mayor of G! In the picture a: the lower right ‘Thebaud to victory in the international nadian schooner, Bluenose; Mayor John es H. McNally of Gloucester, N. J., and loucester, Mass. is Capt. Jimmy Abbott, master of the Gertrude L. Thebaud, the schooner which brcught the score of veteran fishermen to the Capital. At the lower left is the oldest member of the delegation, Capt. Joe Mesquita, 74, who. despite his age, stood his turn at the wheel and handled sail on the Capt. Joe. unable to write, is making his mark —Star Staff Photos. Expedition to Visit Area in U. S. Never Seen by White Man By the Associated Press. BERKELEY, Calif., April 24— Exploration of an area possibly 2.000 square miles in extent, lying | | about 150 miles northeast of the | Grand Canyon of Arizona, is to be undertaken this Summer by an expedition organized by Ansel F. Hall, chief forester of the na- tional park service. Hall said today the expedition will include several young men who are able and eager to pay their individual expenses, about $300 each, to share as amateurs | | in hunting ruined cliff dwellings. brontosaurian jaw bones, and possibly another rainbow bridge. ‘The region to be explored lies partly in Utah and partly in Ari- zona, and much of it never has been seen by a white man. light-absorbing material—the so-called cosmic dust clouds—in the supposedly empty space between the stars in_ the- Milky Way galaxy was confirmed in & report by Drs. Joel Stebbins and C. M. Huffer of the University of Wisconsin Astronomical Observatory. They studied the light of distant stars from 100 to 1,000 times brighter than the sun to learn something of the medium through which that light was passing. They | found strong evidence of a thick layer of this dark “dust” extending along the | central plane of the Milky Way. { Its effect is to make the galaxy seem | larger than it actually is. The dark dust is extremely tenuous. For the first | few hundred light years—a light year | is the distance that light traveling at approximately 190,000 miles a second covers in a year—the decrease in lum- inosity is too small to be detected. But from 500 to 5,000 light years, the two astronomers reported, the absorption becomes increasingly evident. ‘The observations are of considerable importance in determining the distribu- tion of matter through space as a whole. Thousands of light years ago, far beyond the farthest limits of the Milky Way galaxy, are thousands of other galaxies. They have been found congregated in certain directions. Stebbins and Huffer found that the very directions in which few of the “spiral nebulae universes” appear are also the directions of the cosmic clouds which act as a screen shutting out all vision beyond. Where the nebulae ap- pear in great numbers the stars are nor- mal in «olor. Where they cannot be photographed the stars show a pro- nounced reddening, due to the passage of their light through the dark dust. There is an enormous quantity of these cosmic dust or gas particles. The mass of the milky way galaxy is almost be- yond conception. The sun is thousands of times the weight of the earth and itself is only one of many millions of stars, some of which are many thousand times heavier still. But the vastness of empty space between them is also stunning to the imagination. The sun’s nearest stellar neighbor is nearly five light years away. And Stebbins and Huffer calculated today that the amount of star dust in this space is altogether about as great as the total mass of all the stars themselves. _The primary colors, from combina- tions of which all others can be built up, are not red. yellow and blue, but tur- quoise, crimson and yellow, Dr. Herbert E. Ives of the Bell Telephone labora- tories, one of the inventors of television, told the academy members. They are the colors left when all the red, yellow or blue has been taken out of the color lgecv.rum, he said. By combination of these with white it is possible to secure any shade. This discovery opens the way, he said, to the teaching of color to artists on a scientific Tather than on an empirical basis. The present status of long-range weather forecas from determination of variations in solar radiation was re- ported to the academy by Dr. Charles G. Abbot, secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. HEADS HUMANE GROUPS First Lady Becomes Honorary | President Animal Rescue League. | Mrs. Franklin Delano Roosevelt “as | accepted the office of honorary presi- | dent of the Washington Animal Rescue League, whose annual meeting will be held at the Carlton Hotel, Wednesday at 11 o'clock. The purpose of the meeting is for the election of officers and directors for the coming vear and the transaction of other necessary business. Falls With Dynamite Sticks. UPLAND, Calif. April 2¢ (#).— Charles Short, 18-year-old highway worker, doesn’t mind the minor injuries he suffered in a fall down a 50-foot embankment. He figures he was lucky because the 150 siicks of dynamite and of the galaxies themselver. ‘The presence of .quantities of sack of percussion caps in his arms did | not explode. THOMAS ASSERTS INFLATION LIFTS BURDEN OF DEBTOR __ (Continued From First Page) will have done fair and full justice to the people of the United States.” ‘Thomas said the Nation's banks had $60,000,000,000 of deposits in 1930 and today they have scarcely $30,000.000,000. “The money’s gone,” he said. "It does not exist. And yet they tell us there is plenty of money. During the past three years, because of the scarcity of money, a policy of liquidation has been pursued.” Thomas said owners of bank deposits would immediately begin to convert such deposits into commodities, real estate and property, to secure the bene- fits of the advance in price and value. Predicts Rising Price. “Owners of collateral will begin im- mediately to negotiate loans in order to be able to take advantage of the ris- ing prices,” he said. “Merchants will begin to place orders for goods to restock their empty shelves. “Wholesalers will pegin to place orders | for additional stocks to supply increas- ing demands. “Manufacturers will take chances on opening their factories, thus making de- mands for raw materials. “Such activities will make business for the railroads, transportation com- panies, transmission companies and the banks. “Labor will be employed and addi- tional demands will arise for the prod- ucts of the farmers, hence stimulate and raise farm and commodity prices. “Bank credit and bank deposits will be thawed out and banks will become active once again. “The amendment, if adopted, will continue the advance now noted in all lines of public and private activity. Refers to Bank Closings. “I need not remind you that, when the reign of Mellon, Mills, Morgan and Mitchell closed on March 4 last, all banks were closed; thirteen million men were unemployed; trade was stagnated; business was paralyzed; smoke stacks were smokeless; dinner pails were empty; taxes were unpajd; interest was in “default; incipient revolutions were widespread, and individuals, corpora- tions, counties, cities and most of the States were accepting doles from the Government, which in effect placed such individuals, corporations and mu- nicipal subdivisions in the Federal bread lines.” Looking at Reed, Thomas said. “There is the distinguished Senator from Penn- sylvania leading on this floor the van- quished army protesting against cheap- ening the dollar one penny.” He contended that, since March 9, the Federal Reserve Board had canceled out $1,154,000,000 in bank credits and had withdrawn $1,470,000,000 in money from circulation. Save the brewery interests, Thomas said, “there’s no property now that the banks dare loan money on.” Senator Reed reiterated he would not conduct a filibuster. But, he said, he does intend to try to point out to the country that what he calls inflation on a grand scale is merely opening the way for the United States to go on jam- boree” and come back with a “head- ache.” Determination to get the measure through unchanged was expressed by Democratic leaders in order to give Mr. Roosevelt a powerful instrument in negotiating with foreign statesmen for a general return to an international gold standard on a revised basis. From the White House itself there was word that President Roosevelt con- siders the Thomas inflation amend- ment essential to his reconstruction program and Secretary of the Treas- ury Woodin has been quoted as saying that, once adopted and properly ad- ministered, “the depression is over.” Plan Called “Radical.” On the other hand, four Republican leaders on Capitol Hill in a joint statement condemned it as “radical” and “unconstitutional,” in part as au- thorizing “printing press money” and as ‘lending to “inflation on & grand scale.” The four Republicans, Senators Reed and Walcott of Connecticut and Rep- resentatives Snell of New York and Luce of Massachusetts, said of the proposed Thomas rider: “This bill may well constitute the first step on the road to ruin which the German people took under com- pulsion, but upon which it is proposed we now voluntarily embark.” Senator Pittman, Democrat, of Nevada, declared measure provided the “only method t will accomplish the restoration of prosperity,” and said it would allow “expansion of our cur- renclies and our credits to the point where they existed on the average prior to 1930.” Silver advocates have argued that the provisions of the bill, allowing the acceptance of war debt payments up to $100,000.000 in silver, would re- babilitate that commodity. G STAR, WASHINGT( IAID-SEEKING ‘SALTS WARMLY RECEIVED Fishermen From Gloucester and Other. Ports Here to Ask Relief for Industry. A score of horny-handed sons of the sea, here from Gloucester and other fishing ports to ask for Government help for their industry, was receiving a warm reception in the Capital today, including a tea at the White House. The fishermen came here yesterday in the famous fishing and racing schooner, Gertrude L. Thebaud, to pre- sent their plea for a tariff on fish to enable them to compete with imported Canadian and Japanese fish, and to sound out the sentiment on their re- ceiving some help from the Reconstruc- tion Finance Corporation. 'As picturesque & group as ever came to Washington, the fishermen, all cap- tains, went to the Capitol, the Ta Commission and to the Department of Commerce to tell the story of their business beinfl whittled away by the imports of fish. Noted Along the Coast. In the group were some of the most famous fishermen along the coast—not fishermen in the rod and reel sense, but the men who brave the Winter storms off the Grand Banks and bring their ice-encrusted ships into port loaded with cod, haddock, mackerel, halibut, swordfish, sole and other fish for the markat. There was Ben Pine, who skippered the Gertrude L. Thebaud to victory in two out of three international fisher- men’s races with the Canadian fishing boat, Bluenose, back in 1930. ‘The Gertrude L. Thebaud was beaten the second time she raced the Blue- nose, in 1931, but Ben, who is part own- er of the Gertrude L. Thebaud, wants another crack at the Canadian boat to settle the issue. Then there was Capt. Joseph P. Mes- quita, the oldest man aboard the Ger- trude L. Thebaud on the trip down from the sea in search of fish for 65 years. This morning he stood about on the deck of the Thebaud and told of the time a German submarine blew up his schooner, the Frances O'Hara, back in 1918. “I watched,” he said, “20 years of the hardest work a man ever put in, | scattered a.l over the water.” “Joe,” as his shipmates call him, is half “Portygee” and half American. He doesn't write, but for signature purposes he carries in a little chamois sack & rubber stamp and pad, and when “Joe" writes a check—there are few of them these days, he says—he brings out the stamp and puts where the signature should go “Joseph P. Mesquita. his mark,” and that makes everything shipshape. ‘Was Shipwrecked Once. “Joe” also was shipwrecked once. the liner Saxonia cutting his fishing schooner in two. He was picked up and | carried all the way to Liverpool, Eng- |land. 8o glad he was at his escape Ithat upon his return to the United States he went into his savings and | sent to Portugal for a gold crown for the statue of the Virgin in the Glou- cester chapel, the Church of Our Lady of Good Voyage. The crown was sent and now, on special occasions, it is brought out. ‘Then there was Capt. Jack Carroll, an old-time whaling ship man, who was lin Baffins Bay in '82 when ships left Ithere to go into the Arctic and bring out Gen. A. W. Greeley. famous Arctic explorer, who lives in Washington. With Ben Pine was Dr. Charles John- son of the Massachusetts General Hos- pital. Dr. Johnson operated on Ben for a sinus infection, and did such a good job that he incurred the everlast- ing friendship of the sailing master, and whenever there is a good fishing trip at hand, or a jaunt such as this, Ben takes the doctor along if the lat- | ter's duties permit his absence. The youngest man in the group, strangely enough, was in command of the trip. He was Capt. Jimmy Abbott, just 33, who has been master of the Gertrude L. Thebaud for two years and ! who commands the trim fishing vessel on all its fishing trips. The fishermen had intended getting around to see President Roosevelt some time during their stay here, but the President crossed up their plans by ap- pearing at the wharf at the Navy Yard after they had made fast. Salute President. The fishermen had passed the Pres- ident, who was taking a Sunday after- noon cruise down the Potomac on the Government yacht Sequoia, on their way up the river, and had given him a salute with 21 h;.lstsh of the Ger- trude L. Thebaud's fog horn. When the Sequoia returned to the Navy Yard the President asked to be taken to the fishing schooner. With him went England’s prime minister, Ramsay MacDonald, and the two. sit- ting in a White House car, shook hands with each of the fishing cap- tains, while Mrs. Roosevelt went aboard the Gloucester schooner and made & thorough inspection. The fishermen presented the Presi- dent with a 50-pound halibut, fresh from the banks, and it was destined to appear on the President’s table ay. Pr{sldent Roosevelt had & word or two for each of the captains, and quite a few for “Joe” Mesquita, whose ex: perience with the submarine he membered from his service as Assis- tant Secretary of the Navy during the war. They recalled together how “Joe" and his crew were ordered into dories and forced to row 40 miles to the nearest land while the Germans blew up_his schooner. They gave the President a brief out- lining their plight and asking for some sort of governmental relief. ‘The same sort of evidence of their condition was presented to the Tariff Comrmission this morning, and later at the Capitol, when the captains were guests at s luncheon given in the Speaker’s dining room by Representa- tive A. Piatt Andrews of Gloucester. Here is the way their story runs: Stories of Debt. “Schooner Catherine Burke, Capt. Albert Williams, 23 men in crew, left Gloucester January 16, 1933, arrived back February 7, 1933, 22 days out; each man in debt $1.74.” They ex- plained that the crew works on shares, or “lays,” and the money received from their catch is divided among them after paying the expenses of the cruise. Another one of the instances follows: “Schooner Pollyanna, Capt. Eric Carlson, 21 men in crew, left Glouces- ter January 16, 1933, arrived back Feb- ruary 23, 1933, 39 days out; each man shared 99 cents.” ‘They presented in their brief scores of such cruises made recently, and in almost every instance all the fishermen had after their voyage were debts. ‘They close their brief as follows: “We feel very sympathetic for the plight of the farmers and are in accord with what is being done and what is intended to be done to relieve their sit- uation. We feel our problem is very similar and that the relief which is now being given to the farmers and which will be given them is just the kind of relief which we need and which we feel we are entitled to.” Patent Attorney to Speak. FALLS CHURCH, Va., April 24 (Spe- cial) —Edward G. Fenwick, Washington patent attorney, will speak on the sub- ject “Patent Law” this evening at the monthly social meeting of the Cross- man Methodist Church Men's Bible Class. Fenwick will also discuss curious inventions he has encountered in his practice. Gloucester, a man who has been sailing | yesterday afternoon just a few minutes | )N, I D O, MITLER DEATH PLOT BELIEVED FOILED Hindu and.Chauffeur Arrest- ed—Chancellor Demands German Equality. By the Associated Press. MUNICH, Germany, April 24.—A plot to take Chancellor Adolf Hitler's life| was belleved thwarted today by the ar- rest of a Hindu, allegedly a Communist, and his chauffeur at the border station of Himsting. Chancellor Hitler declared himself firmly for a pacific policy abre terday in an address before N Soclalist party leaders, but added “Ger- many must no longer bear the brand of & second-class nation.” Germany ‘‘must be recognized abroad | &8s a peer among peers,” he said. i ‘The Nazi chieftain declared the fight ' against Marxism at home would not be | relaxed ! “If Marxism now pretends that it is dead that will not save it from utter annthilation,” he added. Hitler adjured his comrades to keep | “sacred fires burning” and to maintain the strictest discipline. CHURCH OFFERS PROTEST. | Charges Nasi Efforts to Bring Prot- | estants Under Government. BERLIN, April 24 (#) —The Su- | preme Council of the German Prot- | estant Church has protested to Presi- | dent von Hindenburg and Chancellor | Hitler against Nazi efforts to bring | the church under the wing of the | government. | Pastors in all churches at Rostock, | most important city in Mecklenburg- | Schwerin, warned in sermons yester- ! {day that there was danger in the |action to install a church commis- i sioner in that state. Walter Blohm ' has been appointed to the post, but .he will not act for the moment until | differences between the government | and church State Council are smoothed | over. Rostock pastors warned of “forced encroachment” and asserted the action was inconsistent with Chancellor Hit- | ler’s promise not to interfere with the ' | independence of the church. | Innsbruck Vote Gives Them Nine Seats in Council. INNSBRUCK, Austria, April 24 be‘ The Austrian National Socialists, who | acclaimed allegiance to Chancellor Hit- |ler of Germany. have added another 'triumph to their string of municipal and provincial election victories, greatly | strengthening their argument for new national elections. | The municipal election in this Ty-| rolean capital gave them nine seats in | the council in which they previously | had none. They have no seats in the national Parliament, now suspended. iand there has been no election since November, 1930. Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss con-' | sidered the voting here so important in | | relation to the future of Austria that| (he came here personally to aid his| | Christian Social (Catholic) party. | AUSTRIAN HITLERITES WIN. l | ;CHAN(;E PROMISED IN PLAN TO RETIRE 30-YEAR EMPLOYES (Continued From First Page.) | Federation of Labor, presented to_ the | subcommittee a brief prepared by Wil- liam Green, president of the American | Federation of Labor, opposing in prin- | ciple the compulsory 30-year retire- | ment recommendation and urging the ‘adoption of an optional retirement plan. | This proposal was supported by John A. Shaw, president of the American Fed- | eration of Government Employes, who also urged that Congress direct the | cessation of dismissals, or else adopt & dismissal-wage plan which would as- | sure employes who are forced out of the service an income until they are again absorbed in the Federal service or in ! private employment. He declared that the Federal service is already under- manred and the employes are working “under sweat shop conditions.” Ask Rotating Furlough. James H. Windsor, representing Plate Printers Union, opposed the col pulsory retirement plan on the ground ! that it would virtually wreck the Bu- reau of Engraving and Printing at a time when it will be called upon to turn out emergency currency and Gov- | ernment bonds. He suggested that the rotating furlough plan, which has been in successful operation at the bureau for 10 years, be continued if necessary in lleu of retirement. The subcommittee was told that un- der the compulsory retirement plan about 50 per cent of the plate printess at the bureau would be retired, virtu- ally all of the engravers would meet | the same fate, and there ‘would be serious losers among division super- visors. ‘The committee also was advised, it was learned, that the compulsory re- tirement plan would add approximately $20,000.000 a year to the cost of the Government in granting annuities to about 18,000 additional employes whose | names would go on the retirement rolls. | The Government, it was said, now is paying about $21,000.000 a year in an- nuities to 31,000 retired employes. Among others who are scheduled to testify are J. F. Bennett of the Rail- way Mail Assoclation, Leo E. George of | the National Federation of Post Office | Clerks, N. P. Alifas of the International | Association of Machinists, Robert H. Al- | corn of the Joint Conference on Re-| tirement. Clyde Mills of the Typo- graphical Union and M. J. McDonough of the building trades department of | the American Federation of Labor. Edward J. Gainor, president of the National Association of Letter Carriers; Carl V. Martin of Brumfield, Ky., vice president of the National Association of Letter Carriers, representing 40,000 em- ployes, with 4,000 to 5,000 affected by the proposed legislation; Prancis Black, president of the Retirement Federation of Civil Service Employes; Patrick J. O'Neill, natfonal secretary of the United National Association of Post Office Clerks; George L. Connell, representing employes of the Customs Service; Wil- liam Valance, representing the Federal Bar Association; Mrs. Margaret Hopkin Worrell, president of the League of the American Civil Service, and M. F. (v)’."lo)onnell. speaking for postal super- TS e THREE DIE IN AUTO AS CAR RUNS OVER PIG Mother, Sister and Three-Month Baby Killed in High- way Accident. By the Associated Press. OIL CITY, Pa., April 24—Striking a pig which darted across the highway, ! a car lunged into a ditch near Leeper ! last night, killing a mother, her 3- month-old’ baby, and fatally injuring mt.ham T woman. dead 3 Black, baby. and her sister, Miss Matilda ‘Trumbell, all of near Kane, Pa. Mrs. Black and hu:e child wmd in- Cecil Black, driver of the car, and several children, escaped serious in- Juries. The family had spent the day in Oil City and was speeding homeward as the sccident occurred. MONDAY, APRIL Akron Wreckage Hoisted , HAULED FROM OCEAN DEPTHS BY U. S. 8. FALCON. RETIREMENT PLAN | ment Federal workers ' Cross on record as among the first or- | vention be to express to the President purpose her| “Along the whole front the Red Cross 24, 1933. 'RECKAGE of the U. 8. 8. Akron, {ll-fated naval dirigible, being nauled from the ccean depths by the operating off the coast of New Jersey. This section of wreckage is | it o salvage apparatus of the U.S.S. Falcon, | —A. P. Photo. | duralumin girders and silk fabric. STORED BY St Federal Employes’ Federa- tion Head Says Confidence Is Need of Day. Declaring that by reason of the un- settled conditions surrounding employ- | “are fast ap- proaching a feeling of hysteria,” John Arthur Shaw, president of the Amer- ican Federation of Government Em- ployes. last night attacked the 30-year compulscry retirement proposal “The greatest act to restore confl- | dence at this time throughout the country would be for the administration | six months to permit the preparation | to say that there will be no more | dismissals from the Federal service,” he said. “This is not impracticable. ‘When a bureau is abolished, competent workers should be absorbed in other Government bureaus. “A great deal of Government work | must be done by trained specialists, and their service in itself has been a val-| uable addition to their training. If the Government is to be actuated by | the hysteria of economy and allows| itself to lose the services of these val- | uable employes, it will be well-nigh | impossible to replace them when con- | ditions are on the uptrend. “If the Federal Government sets the example for private industry by making unnecessary and wholesale dismissals as proposed, that example will be fol- | lowed throughout the land. Instead of 13,000,000 unemployed, within a few | weeks after this plan becomes effective, | there will be 15,000,000 or 18,000,000 out of work. “The Federal Government should set he example of keeping its personnel | employed in constructive work even at a sacrifice, so that its influence may | be exerted on private business. There will be no revival of better times if | private business is virtually advised to | place no persons in jobs unless it is immediately profitable, and further told that when an organization will profit l.emponrn;t from discharging additional employes, # should follow that course.” ROOSEVELT ASKS AID OF RED CROSS FOR RELIEF WORK (Continued From First Page) the administration of public funds in the past, Judge Payne declared in prais- | ing the efficlency of the organization, | might well take a leaf from the book of the Red Cross. The resolution which put the Red ganizations volunteering aid in the present emergency was offered by Dr. Otto L. F. Mohn, chairman of the Mon- mouth County, N. J., chapter. It pointed out that “the first action of this con- of the United States, in behalf of its millions of members, the most cordial greetings and good wishes of the American Red Cross.” Cotton Supplies Remain. With only 3,000,000 more barrels of flour to distribute before June 1, Judge Payne declared the Red Cross is ap proaching the completion of this grea task. The organization still has on hand a large quantity of cotton cloth and garments made from the 844,000 bales of cotwn“ gurned over 10_?“'\& by ongress for relief purposes. ma- Ee'rl.ll will be lvlfl:ble for distribution to uxedneedy for some time to come, he_said. ‘Through Red Cross agencies 5,705,209 families, or more than 25,000,000 people, have received donations of flour, milled by 848 mills throughout the country. In some instances, he declared, the Red Cross had to “fight desperately” to keep municipalities from selling this flour. but through the exercise of its watchfulness L: ed-u distributed free as_Congress 3 ‘The cotton yardage distributed by the Red Cross would extend 42,000 miles, and 38,331,000 finished garments were only a part of the material made from the cotton bales. Judge Payne declared it was an “un- | fortunate delusion” that private sub- scriptions are unnecessary in the face of present public giving toward relief. “The American Red Cross has not been embarrassed or disturbed by what we call this crisis, which extends world- wide, but is carrying on with deliberate and enthusiasm,” he said. continues to march.” | Bail had been convicted by a jury. On E WADEBALL GETS 3 MONTHS' TERM Former Treasurer’s Sentence| Suspended Six Months Pending Appeal. By a Staff Correspondent of The Star. ARLINGTON COURT HOUSE. Va, April 24—Judge Walter T. McCarthy in Circuit Court today sentenced former Treasurer E. Wade Ball to two and a half years in the State penitentiary on a charge of misuse of county funds. motion of defense counsel, the execu- tion of the sentence was suspended for of a writ for an appeal to the State Supreme Court of Appeals. Prank L. Ball, brother of the defen- dant and Capt. Crandal Mackey, Wade Ball's counsel, made three motions to the court, submitting them without argument, All three were denied. One asked the arrest of judgment on the ground the indictment, charging Ball with the misuse of county funds in excess of a half million dollars, did not charge a crime, and that the place of the alleged offense was not proven. ‘The second motion asked that the verdict be set aside and judgment en- tered for the defendant, on the ground he was not an officer of the county when the offense is alleged to have been committed and that the statute under | which he was tried applies only to of- ficers. A third motion requested a new trial on the grounds set up in the other two motions and on the further ground that the jury was prejudiced by a letter written by T. Coleman Andrews, State auditor, which accidentally got into the jury’s hands and which was claimed to be highly prejudicial to the defendant. The motion further claimed that the time fixed by the jury is uncertain and | that the statute under which the de- fendant was tried is unconstitutional in denying him equal protection of law. After imposition of sentence, Judge McCarthy ordered Ball to furnish a new bond of $5,000 in addition to an existing $5,000 bond on a pending in- dictment, making total bond of $10,000. —_—e SEVEN IN PLANE MISSING One American Among Those Lost in Italy. NAPLES, Italy, April 24 (#).—Seven persors, including an American, John Van Cleef, were missing today in a sea- plane which was bringing them here from Corfu, Greece. An Italian destroyer and the steamer Mafalda, searching since yesterday for the party, reported today they found no trace of the plane or passengers. tion elected Gen. Allison Owen of New Orleans as its general convention chair- man. Approximately 200 Junior Red Cross members are here for their own separate convention, which meets this afternoon. They were represented at the opening of the adult convention by Dwight C. Spillman_of the White Water High School, Wayne County Chapter, Rich- | mond, Ind. He stressed the acceptance of social responsibility by the juniors. Young Spillman won the right to speak before the national body as & result of a country-wide competition. “The ears of youth are listening to hear and to understand the language of his brothers in every nation of the world,” the young men said. “The heart of youth today, as never before, is feeling the needs of others, and is seeking for an understanding of all the people which will eventually make war an impossibility.” One of humanity's greatest social needs he declared, is world peace. Former Gov. Alfred E. Smith of New York, a newly member of the Central Committee, was unable at the last moment to attend the convention, it was announced today. The session opened with invocation by Bishop W. F. McDowell, who is an incorporator of the Red Cross. Jobless Relief Told. Five-minute presentations of the ex- tensive unemployment relief work and other services rendered by the organi- zation during the last year were made by convention officials. These included Don C. Smith, national director, who reported on war service, and Robert E. Bondy, another director, on disaster re- lief. Other national directors reporting were Miss Clara D. Noyes, nursing serv- ; Miss I Malinde Havey, public health nursing and home hygiene; H. P. Enlows, first aid and life saving; Miss Mabel T. Boardman, volunteer service; Edward W. Marcellus, Junior Red Cross, and las Griesemer on public infor- mation and roll call. POLITICAL PHASE TAKES SPOTLIGHT Herriot Statement Backs Be- lief Economic Talks Will Be Left to Experts. (Continued From Pirst Page.) from its physical aspect, but principally from its many political angles. which slone, it is said, can bring about a genuine reduction of armaments. In well informed quarters it is ob- served that while the President and the British premier took less than three hours to discuss the broad aspects of the complex world economic situation, they took more than twice that much for their initial talks on the world political situation. Herriot Makes Statement. The President seems to have been gained to the idea that it would be difficult to come to an understanding to assist the economic conference with- out reaching simultaneously an agree- ment on political matters. This view is illustrated in the joint official state- ment issued by Roosevelt and Mac- Donald, in which it was stated that “The results of these conversations (on the limitation of arms conference) would considerably advance the prospects of the success both of the disarmament conference and the international eco- nomic conference.” In well informed quarters the belief that heneforth the economic talks will be left mainly in the hands of the ex- perts was further emphasized by Ed- ouard Herriot, the spokesman of the French government, who arrived yes- terday and stated that “I believe that political as well as the economic or- ganization must be linked together.” A few hours later President Roose- velt stated in his communique that he will “continue the discussion of the au:mment problems with Mr. Her- ot."” In_this manner the point of view of the European countries which have al- ways maintained that the economic Qquestion is insoluble without a solution of the political problems, seems to have prevailed. The next few days of con- versations will be almost wholly devoted to the discussion of the political prob- lems, with the principal actors casting a casual glance at the work of their financial and economic experts. The third important subject which the rep- Tresentatives of the two leading na- tions of Europe have come to Washing- ton to discuss—the debt question—has not been broached yet, but it is fully ex- pected that with the arrival of Herriot in Washington this matter, too, will be on the agenda of the daily conversations. Herriot gave last night a slight indi- cation that he was here to talk debts by stating that “I was at Lausanne when the fdea of international eco- nomic co-operation was born. I have come .. re with the sincere desire to continue this co-operation.” Pact Revision to Come Wp At Lausanne the foundations of the cancellation of the German reparations were laid on the basis that America would reduce the allied debts at the same rate as the allies reduced the German reparations, that is to say 10 cents in the dollar. The political conversations betweer the President and the two representa- | tives of the European powers will have {as a principal object the successful con- clusion of the Geneva conference, whick depends on pacts between the principa) nations concerned. This will bring up the question of the possible revision of the Versailles treaty, especially in regard to the Polish corridor without which, it is thought here, peace in Europe is unlikely ané consequently any kind of pacts would be too much of a risky speculation. ‘While the President and Mr. Mac. | Donald were talking “peace” on board | the Sequoia, the American and the | British financial and economic experts | were discussing in the State Department the complexities of the economic prob- | lems. They had two meetings; one in the morning and the other in the after- noon. Little progress was made and at 9 p.m. they reported verbally what- | ever progress they had made and the principal difficulties they had met. '$14 RELIEF CHECK FORGERY CHARGED 'Horace M. Fox, Emergency Com- mittee Worker, Held for @rand Jury. Charged with forging an indorsement on a relief check sent out by the Emergency Relief Committee, money which was intended to pay the rent and buy necessities for a colored woman, Morris M. Fox. 24, of the 1400 block of Park road, & caseworker for the com- mittee, was held for the grand jury in $1,500 bond by United States Com- { missioner Needham C. Turnage today. Meanwhile, Treasury agents were in- vestigating several other transactions in which Fox is believed to have been involved. It was charged today before Commis- sioner Turnage that on Fox's recom- mendation a check for $14 was sent to Cormilar Weathers, colored. of 311 K street. Mrs. Weathers said Fox came to her and told her when the letter arrived to turn it over to him, that there had been some mistake made. Millle Singleton, a daughter of the colored woman, told authorities the let- ter, addressed to her mother, arrived in due time, and that it contained & Treasury check made out to her. However, the letter and check were turned over to Fox, they said. Later Mrs. Weathers went to Rev. Henry Brooks of 1024 Twenty-third street and mentioned the check. The minister immediately went to Fox, but reported he could not get a satisfactory explana- tion of the affair. In the meantime, according to Treas- ury officials, Fox appeared at the Treas- ury to report the check lost. Fox was questioned closely then and a sample of his handwriting was taken. Paul M. Hart, a Treasury agent, was assigned to the case and the check was located, having been cashed at a local depart« ment store. It bore the indorsement of Cormflar Weathers, and under that Fox's name was written. After conferring with a handwriting expert, Hart arrested Fox. Assistant District Attorney Roger Robb asked Commissioner Turnage to raise Fox's bond to $1,500, saying there were other cases of like nature being investigated. ] PUBLISHER AND PILOT FOUND DEAD IN CRASH By the Assoclated Press. Carmel Giragi, “flying” publisher, and Jack Irish, his pllot, were found in the wreckage of their airplane yesterday. The men were on a business trip to Phoenix when they Pinding of the wrecked plane on the ‘West Sunset Mountain, 18 miles south- west of Winslow, ended an intensive search that had been conducted from the air and on the ground. build- | publisher cf the Tombstone Giragi was a prominent re in Southwestern journalism. A nfle?spaper man for 20 years, he et one time was Epitaph. He came to Winslow in 1926, RTINS vea craadea: Ay Srdexwintliog