Evening Star Newspaper, January 31, 1933, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR ‘With Sunday Morning Edition. — Ry WASHINGTON, D. C YUESDAY.,..,.January 81, 1883 THEODORE W. NOYES....Edito The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: 11th 8t and Pennsylvinia Ave JNew Yok Offce: 110 Eaal o » Sororean 8&:.-‘11 Regent Ea ke Michigan Bullding, *megent St London. nxland. Rate by Carrier Within the City. > ..45¢ per month 60c per month 65¢ per month Sc_per copy d ‘of each month. t in by mail or telephone feders may be Ational 5000. Rate by Mall—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Vlrslnll. 00: 1 mo. g8 I:l uld Sunday } . S}! om0 ul!lxl:mol’lly . 1 ;r . $4.00; 1mo.. 40c All Other States and Canada. ly and Sund. 1yr.,$1200; 1 mo.. $100 inday only . 1yr., $800: 1mo. 75¢ $5.00; 1mo., 50c Member of the Al".df“‘ l'r’-l:llgd ssociated Press is exclusively en l:&'- Ave for Tepubiication of ‘all news dis- es credited to it or not otherwise cred- in this paper and slso the local news ublished in. Al rx‘:m publieation of Lc 1 also reserved. A Sales Tax for New York. The new Governor of New York, Merbert H. Lehman, is preparing to meet the deficit in the State treasury | 3aft on his hands by the former Governor, President-elect Franklin D. Roosevelt. This deficit, which is estimated to total | $114,400,000 by next July 1, is & seri- ous proposition for the pepole of the Empire State, just as the deficit in the Pederal Treasury is a serious thing for | the people of all the United States, in- eluding New York. Gov. Lehman pro- poses to take care of this deficit by drastic increases in the State income tax. Exemptions are lowered and a #ax of 1 per cent additional without personal exemptions is to be levied on all persons making income returns. ‘The tncome tax increases, however, will not be sufficient, and Gov. Lehman has turned to that tax which “horrified” She President-elect, Mr. Roosevelt, the sales tax. | The sales tax differs in some respects from the sales tax with which the Democratic leaders in the House pro- posed to make possible the balancing of the Federal Government's budget, only to meet the rejection of the idea by Mr. Roosevelt. Gov. Lehman's proposal is & three-fourths of one per cent retail sales tax on all com- modities except food and motor fuel, expected to raise $23,000,000. The sales tax proposed by the congressional lead- ers was a manufacturers’ sales tax on . all commodities except food and cheaper elothing. . The present Governor of New York has come face to face with realitles. The President-elect will do the same ‘when he enters the White House March 4. Since his election he has been dab- bling in the water. Without any di- recting suthority by virtue of public/ office, but nevertheless with actual power in his hands, he has played the part of & back-seat driver. For example. he effectually shut pff the passage Of legislation calculated to balance the budget because he was not ready to give his indorsement to the kind of a tax which would be effective to that end.| The need of & balanced budget !ori the Government of the United States| 1s no less than for a balanced budget for the government of New York. Gov. | Lehman has not hesitated to deal with the matter. It is t8 be presumed that | Mr. Roosevelt will act just as nrm]y; #n regard to the budget problem when‘ he enters the White House, although it | does appear that he has shown a lack ' of political judgment in his failure to give his sanction to a balanced budget | by legislation approved by the F‘ep\lb—1 lican President, Mr. Hoover. Gov. Leh- man has combined increases in lhe} fncome taxes with the sales tax and euts in the expenditures of the State.| He has undoubtedly done so because he | was convinced that increased income taxes and expenditure cuts would not| meet the situation. Mr. Roosevelt, it the reports of his attitude can be| eredited, believes that drastic govern- mental cuts plus income tax increases and a beer tax will take care of the Pederal budget, with, perhaps, some, additional bond issues. But the Toar | of disapproval which went up from the | country when at his conference with the congressional leaders in New York | & few weeks ago the proposed increases | on smsll incomes was brought forward was sufficlent to call a halt on the| proposal that such legislation should be put forward in the short session. ————————— Germany is still so liberal minded 88 to give encouragement to a try-out gor all kinds of politics. —e— “Chinese” Gordon. At St. Paul's Cathedral in London ! Jast Saturday a special service was held | I commemoration of Gen. Charles @. Gordon, born at Woolwich, January | 98, 1833. The Duke and Duchess of York attended for the King and Queen, end s few survivors of the Khartum expedition of 1884-1885 were present. , boy buglers sounded the “Last Call” and “Reveille” while memo- #al wreaths were placed at the foot of fhe hero's statue in Trafalgar Square. The name of “Chinese” Gordon re- Juires no explanation for the reader ®hose mind can reach back forty-eight years to the time when he was a central fgure in the world’s news. But for the younger generations a few words of exposition may be necessary. Gordon was a British soldier and sdministrator. He served in the Crimean War, and succeeded the American, Frederick Townsend Ward, n command of the international army sgalnst the Taiping revolutionaries in China in 1863—hence his sobriquet, *Chinese.” It was in 1874 that he first went out from England to Egypt to fake the place of 8ir Samuel Baker as governor of the region of the Upper Nile. He became governor general of | the Sudan in 1877, and spent the next three years fighting the slave trade. In 1880 he was summoned back to Peking to halt a threatened war with Russia; then for & few months he held the post of commanding engineer in Mauritius. Called to Cape Colony, he Iabored for the pacification of Basuto- Jand until administrative intrigue can- eeled his opportunity. He was back in England in 1882 in time to be delegated | %o the task of coping with the revolt | of the Mahdi. His second assignment | cessively, since last June, the Fascist %0 the Sudan was the last work of his rebels until January 26, 1885. The re- lief expedition for which he had begged arrived at the city on that date, and found Gordon murdered by the Mahdi’s troops. He had walked calmly out to meet his fate, a forsaken martyr to administrative inefficlency; 8 victim of the policy of “muddling through.” Re- port of his death caused an unexampled sensation in England and America. A long controversy, in which Queen Victoria personally took part, raged around Gladstome's responsibility. He had his faults, of course, but he was one of the very noblest characters of the Victorian period; and England would have been sadly remiss to have overlooked the present occasion to do his memory honor. In the United States, also, his story has inspirational quality both for those to whom it is a twice-told tale and for those who now may be moved to read it for the first time. Hitler at the Helm. Adolf Hitler has achieved office, but not power. He became chancellor of | Germany yesterday, realizing a cher- | ished ambition, yet circumscribed in| actual authority to & degree that clips his wings to the point of harmlessness. His National Soclalists are far from | being monarchs of all they survey. To- | gether with Nationalist and Steel Hel- met representatives. they comprise a minority of the new cabinet which the | Brown Shirt generalissimo heads. Hitler forthwith swore allegiance to the republican constitution, pledged himself to seek a policy of peace with all nations, disavowed a program of re- pressive political measures and re- nounced adventures in “financial experi- | mentation.” Thus, before the “Nazi” chancellorship was twenty-four hours old. it succumbed to that sense of re- | sponsibility which almost invariably | overtakes even the most radical of regimes suddenly vaulted into the seats | of the mighty. Europe and the whole | world breathe the more easily today in | | consequence of that revelation at Berlin. | The former Austrian corporal last | Summer scorned the chancellorship at | President von Hindenburg's hands un- | less he could have it as “the Mussolini | of Germany.” It was denied him on those terms, and it is denled him now. Even with his Co-rightist supporters in the Relchstag, Hitler musters a parliamentary strength of but 247 votes, | or forty-six fewer than the 293 neces- | sary to a majority. The new chancel- | lor can only govern under the con-| stitution 1f the Roman Catholic Center party, with its Reichstag balance of power, approves “Nazl” programs. The Centrists hitherto have displayed no | enthusiasm in that direction. A curbed Hitler cabinet may present policies de- signed to enlist their concurrence. If Chancellor Hitler has no better luck | with the Reichstag than Chancellor Bruening, Chancellor von Papen or | Chancellor von Schleicher had, suc- | boss may easily be toppled from grace | as ignominiously as his three imme- | diate predecessors were. Perhaps the | wire-pullers in the Wilhelmstrasse, fore- | seeing that inevitable consequence, have given Hitler rope, assured that sooner or later he will hang himself. Col. von Papen was the motive power behind the scenes which shifted suddenly in Hitler's favor during the recent week end. Due to his influence, | President von Hindenburg was induced to abandon his objections to inviting Hitler into the chancellorship under | any conditions, while the “Nazi” chief- tain on his part retired from the trucu- lent position that he would accept of- | fice only as a dictator. As the whirli- gig finally turned, Hitler was bequeathed | & cabinet, rather than being permitted to form one. ‘Time. and probably a relatively short | time, will tell where sorely-tried Ger- | many goes from here. Hitler's dealings | with the Communists may be an early index of the direction things are des- tined or doomed to take. The German Reds have already signaled a general stilke as & protest against the Hitler chancellorship. But for the moment Europe has no apparent cause for alarm | or anxlety because of the German | Fascist ascent to partial rule. Hitler | built up his fabulous personal political power and his private “storm” army of 600,000 fanatical followers by breathing damnation against the treaty of Versailles and all its works. He‘ would renounce reparations out of hand. | He would blot out the Polish Corridor. | He would set Germany “free” from all the shackles placed upon her by the peace her conquerors imposed. But the “Nazl” upstart is today a different Hitler from the one who blus- tered himself into the chancellorship. He is a bridled Hitler who is unlikely, at least within the measurable future, even to venture to gratify the longings of Wilhelm von Hohenzollern to resume residence in Germany. The ex-Kaiser is quoted as regarding Hitler's arrival in the seat of Bismark as “a step in the right direction.” But the fugitive of Doorn will undoubtedly find that there are many more and much longer steps to take before he can return from exile to the Fatherland he brought to the brink of ruin. Europe has long sus- pected that Hitlerism is Hohenzollern- ism in disguise. That Europe would see the mask torn off and the dis- credited dynasty restored on the wreck- age of the Weimar Republic is a con- tingency which borders on the un- thinkable. ————————— The League of Nations is an example of patient wisdom, but to stop and ex- plain its aims and methods all over again seems too much to ask. — e John Galsworthy. The name of John Galsworthy will be remembered quite as much for the beauty of the character of the man himself as for the fine things he wrote. It would not be too much to say that in all the length and breadth of Eng- land there was no other individual who more abundantly personified the per- fect 1ideal of gentleness, courtesy, charity and grace theoretically as- sociated with maturity of spiritual de-| velopment. Mercy was the keystone of his thought, unselfishness his guiding star. He lived s0 nobly that it was a Joy just to see him from a distance, a rich privilege to know him even casually. No one could come into any sort of contact with him without being en- dowed with some reflection of his in- tegrity, his unpretending chivalry, his modest liberality of mind and heart. Galsworthy could not have written as he did had he not been what he THE EVENING through Harrow and Oxford, but it was natural in his case that he should have felt that the rigidity of his train- ing was a hindrance to his growth. He said that he never learned anything he could use in his work until he had managed to forget all that he had been taught in the schools. It was natural, 100, that he should abandon the prac- tice of law the moment he had been approved to pursue it. The whole tendency of his career was toward an untrammeled perception of the world and its people, toward freedom for the Teception of untainted impressions of human society. He® aimed to be a faithful historian of mankind, and to achieve that purpose it was necessary that he should not be burdened by fixed ideas, harsh dogmas, acquired from the past. He consclously strove to create in his brain a perfect mirror, |a untarnished, unshadowed, for the hu- man scene, and his books prove his suc- cess. He was an observer and an in- terpreter, not & preacher. The only lesson he presumed to teach was that of pity. i His creative period ran through ap- proximately thirty-five years, It began with the novel “Jocelyn,” published in 1898 under a pseudonym; it closed with his death today. Fifty volumes, more or less, are current among readers who are happy to be considered his public. “The Forsyte Saga,” beginning in 1906 with “The Man of Property,” and car- ried on to the end, will be his monu- ment. He will be recalled for his studies of old Jolyon, young Jolyon, Soames and the rest—they are the sym- bols of his immortality. His plays, also, will survive, for they are instinct with the enduring vitality which, based on persistent human traits, has constant attraction for play- | ers as well as audiences. “The Mob,” | “Justice,” “The Skin Game,” all have value for the theater in its present eon- | dition as they had for the theater as | it was when they were written. Galsworthy reaped a glorious harvest from his effort. He earned royalties beyond his personal needs, he declined a knighthood, he had the Order of Merit and the Nobel Prize, Half a dozen universities honored themselves in persuading him to accept compli- mentary degrees. Now he proceeds to whatever rewards there may be for a 2ood workman and a generous soul be- yond the curtains of the infinite. As he departs thousands pay him the nomage of their gratitude, proud and | happy that he lived. He made a per- manent contribution, an indelible im- pression. The world is endowed by the fruits of his labor, the victories of his | life. e | The fact that the New Outlook is | printing no very startling articles should not encourage the assumption that Al- fred E. Smith has not plenty on his mind. D SR Russia desires recognition by the U. 8. A, at the same time declaring policles and purposes which make cau- tion in cultivating closer acquaintance obviously undesirable. e SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON, Sight Seeing. Oh come, little boy, let us turn from the joy That is lavishly brought into view, Let political pride for a day stand aside While we visit a regular z0o. ‘Where the tree growing high seems to wave at the sky Let’s forget intellectual pain And hark to the call of the great or the small ‘Who in candor rejoice or complain. Our steps will be led dy their cries to be fed On selective and liberal fare, All on the alert their demands to assert And each wanting more than his share, There’s the elephant old both sagaclous and bold; ‘The monkey and parrot you'll see, The peacock, the goose, and the others | turned loose To be gentle or else disagree. So come, little, boy, and our time we'll employ With the friends that our ancestors knew, With their manners so quaint, kept in proper restraint, Let us visit a regular zoo. The Busy Days. “Is that man who calls so frequently one of the unemployed?” asked the | friend. “Not exactly” answered Senator | Sorghum. “He's looking for a job, but he's busier now than he will be after he gets it.” Jud Tunkins says one of the troubles of the time is that there are too many lawyers tryin’ to talk like farmers and too many farmers tryin’ to talk like lawyers. Learned Requirements. In any language you will hear Suggestions of a batle shout. Only a linguist can, I fear, Know just what it is all about. Only a man who knows the way Deep mathematics to apply, Concerning debts so great, can say, Plainly, “If so, how much and why?” Touch of Formality, “Who is this total stranger you have brought home with you at this late hour?” “My dear,” answered Mr. Meekton, “I knew you were going to start one of your pitiless investigations and I de- cided to demand the right to be in- vestigated by an attorney.” “You often find,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “that the man who boasts of himself is the creature of his own imagination.” Public Interest. Inauguration day draws near Forgetful of speeches ‘That show us what the people fear And what the statesman teaches. Solicitude we do not lack And folks who get together Bring out the good old almanse And talk about the weather, “Don't be anxious to shove yourself to de front,” said Uncle Eben. “De drum major looks big, but he don’t git any chance foh real it of eareq. Be held Khartum against the was. mpmummum’ | ant look of anticipation to rise in STAR. WASHINGTON, D. C., TUESDAY, J THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. ‘Who are these people who instinctive- ly like one, and who thus are sharply differentiated both from those who are indifferent and those actively antag- onistic? No theatrics are involved here, all is a simple matter of the everyday life of all of us. As one goes along, one discovers cer- tain human beings, whether of high or | low estate, who somehow find one likeable. ‘These are one's real friends in this world. Time and chance may prevent them from doing more than smile, or have a slight speaking acquaintance, but, nevertheless, the individual owes them reat deal. t is always well to keep this fact in mind. Here are two waiters in a restaurant. One of them invariably greets you with a smile. Why? ‘There is no reason, as far as the customer knows. You come to this conclusion, after a while: Though his skin is black, you are sort of brothers, after all. Something he finds pleasing in you. A dozen better dressed, more person- able people, may enter; in you alone he finds something which pleases him. So it goes everywhere. Every one knows how it is in a busi- ness establishment of any kind. Dozens, perhaps scores, of human beings, but not all of them “get along,” and some of those that appear to actually do so only on the surface, for strictly business reasons. A grand show of comradeship may be put up through the stmple expedient of poker and similar entertainments, | but at bottom this is not friendship, | but rather a desperate attempt to carry | into human society one of that game’s | finest devices, the bluff. | Here are two men, outwardly much| the same, with minds finely attuned to each other. Actually they heartily dislike each other. Something about each rubs the other the “wrong way.” as the saying has it. ‘The fur mentaily flies when these two get_together, | Take either one of the pair. Let him meet still a third man, | sgain much the same in appearance, with finely attuned mind, too, still the results are different. These two like each other. The mere sight of one causes & pleas- | the | eyes of his friend. | Can it be that merely by expecting | something entertaining, likeable, inter- esting, one finds it? This is an old theory, and an inter- esting one. Perhaps it goes back further, how- ever, than the wish. In the cases under discussion it may g0 back to physical formations and conformations, back through genera- tions and decades. Perhaps these people who somehow | manage to arouse echoes in each other are merely recalling with the race memory, eyes and other features pleas- ant to some one in times past. | Maybe the very sight of a nose (than which few things are less poetic) stirs recollections pleasant and gay, asso- ciated with happy fragrances long gone the way of old sense vibrations. It is, it would seem, possible to re- member what one does not remember, to hear sounds which one does not hear, to see faces one does not see. | All that is lacking, one may believe. is the clear-cut evidence, the tangible feature, the actual vibration. : High Lights on the Wide World || TRACEWELL. With the best will in the world, it is impossible for one who has not had his secret_recollections touched in this way to find anything interesting or likeable about some other people. Every one knows how it is. What one can do, however, in such! cases, in the interest of the social amenitles, is to keep his dislike from breaking out into provocative outward action of any sort. It is & great world, gentlemen, and none of us stays in it forever; it might be a good thing to make the stay as pleasant as possibl not just in a few ys, Or &5 seems good to us at the time. Perhaps our seeing is not long enough, nor covers ground and time sufficient to justify our easy pretentions. ‘The curious thing about this liking and not liking business, apparent ev- erywhere and at all times, is that peo- ple come in time to justify it by rea- sons. They find similar tastes, they say, the same likes and" dislikes, or dis- cover certain traits which they do not like and which, therefore, justify their dislike of another. All these are later discoveries; the real reason for liking or not liking lies in the two perscns themselves, and usually a great deal more in one than in the other. If one searches for fundamental dif- ferences in human beings, the first clas- sification which occurs to one is that into kindly and unkindly persons. It will be found that one who properly may be })hced in the unkindly group seldom if ever instinctively likes one who rightly goes into the kindly clas- sification. There seems to be a differentiation here which no amount of education, or experience, or travel, or whatnot, ever overcomes. Kindly persons instinctively like kindly persons, while the unkindly secretly despise them. The reverse, of | course, is not true; persons by nature kind preserve their kindness even with | other human beings! A feeling of un- easiness, perhaps, in the presence of the other type, but never carried to overt speech or acts. As to just what a kindly person is, what “makes him that way,’ there is another story. It is impossible to pin the th down with a definition, or a mere into strict classes. Often the man who seems to be mostly a villain will cut loose with some kindly deed, in a way amch would upset all the classifica- ons. Kindness to animals is but one side of a varied picture. Perhaps the essen- tial kindness is to be found in relation to that most varied of animals, man. In him reposes the test of creation, we are told, and devoutly hope. Here is a chance for every human being alive. After all, the opportunity we have to be decent to brutes, as such, is not very large, but every one meets scores of human beings every day, and scarcely an hour passes without the opportunity given of being good or bad | to one of them. If the occasion demands harshness, all very well and good, but when therg is no special reason for it, what is the use of calling it into action? Yet on | every side one sees the knit brow, the lip of scorn, the sneer, all the facial evidences of man’s inhumanity to man. It is here that one may be thankful for those persons, no matter who they are, who seem to find happiness and pleasure in the sight of one. Search for a reason, and find it not, it makes no difference; indeed, one had better accept the tribute of a smile, of glad- dened eyes, with a minimum of search- ing, for some of the things of life that come the easiest are the be: Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands L COMMERCIO, Lima—In a) Panagra plane which, procee ing from the south, landed yes- terday at the flying field of Las Paimas, arrived the Ambassador of the United States to Chile, his ex- cellency, Senor William Culbertson. He will continue his journey north, via the air route, in the morning. Senor Cul- bertson is returning home for a month's sojourn, with the permission of his, Government. This is not the first time that Am- bassador Culbertson has made the | acrial voyage between Santiago and Lima. On one other occasion, three years ago, he visited us on a special mission for his Government concerned with interests in Peru, and traveled by alr for the greater canvenience and speed of that method of transporta- tion. A short time before the time set for the arrival of the tri-motored plane from Santiago, a numerous group of persons assembled at the airport to greet Senor Culbertson and other celeb- | rities on the ship. In this expectant throng was Senor Dearing and other members of the American embassy in picture books. But in any case, hoW | ;. " e to hand in a long time is this Lima, as well as the Peruvian minister | quickly they acquire the art of compre- | profusely ilustrated book of things o of foreign relations and some more high gmi!mmen! officials. | At the consulate of the United States. | in Miraflores street. late last night we | had the opportunity of exchanging a | few words with Senor Culbertson. We | were ushered into a very attractive lit- | tle hall, or reception room, furnished both with solid comfort and a species | of luxury to which were added the charms of miniatures, various talis-| mans and curiosities, besides many books, all of them calculated to arrest the wandering eye of a newspaper man. | ‘We had scarcely begun an inspection of ‘ these interesting objects, however, when the figure of Senor Culbertson, tall and | erect, apoeared in the doorway in com- | pany with Ambassador Dearing. | The Ambassador of the United States to Chile advanced with an easy step and extended us his hand, saying: “Creo que ya nos conocemos.” ( believe we are already acquainted.”) “Yes,” we replied. “It is, however, 8 | matter of some three years since we: previously had the pleasure of meeting | you.” Reminiscences then followed of the visit which Senor Culbertson made that | long ago to the region of Chancha- mayo and Perene, which made the time | pass very rapidly, without our being able to enter upon the real ob- Ject of our visit, which was to ascertain, if we could, the attitude of the Am- bassador in relation to the grave ques- tions now occupying the attention of our country. Senor Culbertson pre- ferred rather to talk of Chile. He fore- sees the resumption at no distant date of the nitrate industry there and in- sisted that synthetic products will never be able to supplant in any formidable degree the natural article, which pos- sesses qualities far superior to manu- factured fertilizers. The Ambassador discussed also the political situation in Chile, avoiding reference to its counter- part in Peru. “The Chilean government,” he says, “is devoting every energy to restoring normal order and quietude in that country by relieving destitution and unemployment in every way possible. The new regime, which takes office in December, will continue on this era of reconstruction with increased vigor and work especially for the abatement of the radical-socialist tendency, which I do not believe has ever been supported by any great part of the people. On the other hand, I am firmly convinced that the large majority is composed of stris conservative elements who wish only to preserve the old thought and traditions of their country. There are, it is true, m: discontented unem- ployed in Chile, but this is by no means an evil a) solely to that na- tion. ‘This problem, like its correspond: ing problems in other countries, is be- ing worked out, little by little, in meas- ures best suited to local conditions.” * Kk X Swiss Currency in Enviable Position. Vaterland, Lucerne—In the course of the debate ai Bern concerning the | | age. new budget for the confederation, Chancellor Musy pointed out that the paper currency of Switzerland,. though the law required but a 40 per cent cov- erage, was protected to the extent of more than 100 per cent. This is the reason, of course, that despite the de- preciation of national finances in prac- tically every other country of the world, in Switzerland paper money remains at par, and is equally as good as gold coin- ‘The Swiss National Bank is ready at any moment to pay out the full valu- ation in gold for any banknote pre- sented. Chancellor Musy further stated that Switzerland is in an enviable po- sition as regards foreign debt, owing no money abroad. a fortunate condition, which encourages belief that Switzer- land is not likely at any time to be drawn into the confusion and jeopardies of the international financial situation. ’ *x % Watch Over Child's Reading Stressed. Haus, Hof, Garten, Berlin—Yes, the children read, or at least they look at hending the printed page! It seems as if there were no interval between the lisping and the reading, and we doubt if any Jrown-ups ever find their read- ing and their studying so interesting. Just watch some children who lately have solved for themselves the mys- teries of words and letters. Eyes and mouths stand open, and even the rest- less fingers show the eagerness and rap- ture of the new accomplishment. And what a swift transition from ignorance to knowledge! It seems almost as if one day the page is blank, and the next day filled with joy and under- standing. What care, then, should we exercise in the selection of the books and periodicals we read ourselves, and then lay aside forgotten, for childish eyes to glean, and youthful minds to ponder. to maturer characters; shall we let the coming generations be degraded, too? ‘When one is adult in reason and in- | telligence, one can resist and reject the bad, though constant exposure to what is immoral and contaminating in | frivolous books and periodicals often sears and scars the most intelligent. When we choose our own reading wisely, there is no fear that the hungry eyes of the little ones will ever see or read what can have an evil in- fluence upon their awaking conscious- ness. ‘There is s0 much that is good to be told about the world we live in, about the city and the country, about the birds and animals, about the arts and sciences, and about industry and sport, that those who devote their talent to the production of books and stories dealing only with crime and sex, less in sentiment than sensuality, are doing grave wrong and injury to all in the desire for more immediate profit. The harm to the older generations is great, but that to the young is infinite. And who can tell, with such a prolixity of such vile compositions about, what lit- erary filth his offspring may be perus- f there is no consclence to restrain the inditers and purveyors of this sort of publication, then, certainly, the gov- ernment should without delay set up a new specles of prohibition—a laud- able prohibition of all these porno- graphic effervescences. Our children must not be spoiled and handicapped for the true duties and blessings of life before they have fairly embarked upon that strange, new, and luring sea. An uncontaminated understanding of all things good and pure, not a bizarre acquaintance with what is bad, is their best birthright. . Playing Safe. Prom the Boston Globe. Harvard consented to play foot bell with Princeton_once more after defi- nite assurance had been given that the fellow with the signet had been graduated. in every way,| bel, or lump humanity off | The literary tendencies of re-| | cent years have been damaging enough ANUARY’ 31 SUSANNE. By Johannes Buchholts. Authorized Translation frox the Danish by Edwin Bjorkman. New York: Liveright, Inc. 8o few novels depicting modern life in the Scandanavian countries have been circulated on this continent that “Susanne,” the story of a beautiful Danish gir], comes virtually as an in- troduction to American readers of the canumr?onry fiction of Denmark. By comparison It serves as a reminder of the vast difference between the pace at which life moves forward on this side and on the other side of the Atlantic. For the story of Susanne is not so much unlike that which might be pic- tured as happening in this country 20 years or 30 ago, and maybe the Susannes of this generation in America suffer a bit for comparison. Susanne of Stenvig, however, is far removed from the generation of the sweet girl graduate. She treads stead- ily through the pages as a ypung woman of high merit, plunging blindly into sit- uations of humility and pain, but through sheer strength of character and a firm belief in the kindness of most humans, bearing her woes without thought of revenge until happiness triumphs finally over despair. The daughter of a baker, Susanne's social status in the little Danish town is that which is allotted to the work- ing class. - Those who have wealth do the commanding, and those who labor do the serving. So Susanne served. She handed out bread to the customers of her father’s bakeshop and she kept his books. Also she did her share— and perhaps considerably more—of the scullery work at home. Running away when an accumulation of abuse and degrading incidents reached an unbear- sble climax, she became a household out experiences which might easily lead to disaster she remains steadfast and true to her convictions. There is mnothing extraordinary in plot, for the author marries his heroine to the worthless son of & wealthy ship- owner, taking her into a world she knows nothing about and leading the air of them through a shiftless and Eopelen existence until clouds obscure the brightness and storm quenches the | ardent warmth of love before the rain- bow reappears, to renew its promise of eternal happiness. But the characters with which Mr. Buchholtz has peopled his book are so human and believable and interesting that each one of them is well worth knowing. First there is Susanne’s own family, s father who adores her and a mother | who borders on hating her; an incon- sequent sister and a brother, Hjalmar, | whose steadfastness and sympathetic | understanding makes him the most be- { loved in the entire assortment; Sander Riils, a commanding and compelling figure, father of the blind Hakon, pre- | prietor of & famous hotel and next-door nefghbor to Susanne’s family; Magnus Hellenberg. wealthy shipowner, dynamic, hard-boiled, destroying by his own acts the affection which he craves from his children, but for all that a spoiled child in the hands of a wife he worships; Otto. husband of Susanne, and his s ter, Elin, an adorable, fairy-like indi- | vidual, who marries Hakon and finds supreme happiness in poverty and dis- comfort; Jutta Herfurth, half witch and half shrew, and her husband, in whose house Susanne worked as servant girl during two, vears of her wanderings; and there are ofhers equally as inter- | esting, but these are enough for a be- | ginning. | In these days of high speed and rapid | change on this side of the big pond, it is more than refreshing to read of peo- | ple who for generations have remained close to the source of their living, whose trades and professions have descended from father to son as far back as time | began. These delightful folks who have | been created so vividly by the pen of | Mr. Buchholtz bring a sense of rellef | from the hurly-burly and hodge-podge | which has resulted in the introduction into American fiction and other arts of | a crudeness for which there is no ex- cuse and a bizarreness which is re- | pugnant. True, the frankness of the | European, both in speech and in action, ' may be a bit shocking to the American sense of politeness, but fortunately that frankness is far less blatant than the j particular brand of license which passes for frankness in this country. ‘The background and customs expounded | in the story of Susanne have a quality of treshness and charm that is differ. ent, and because it is different its a] peal will be the stronger. | In the Inter-Scandanavian Novel Contest this product by Johannes Buch- holtz won the first prize for Denmark. If it is a dependable sample of modern | Scandanavian fiction, there will be a | hearty wish in this country for more | | of it. x k% % | SEEING THE UNSEEN. By Robert | Disraeli. With Photo-Micrographs | by the Author. New York: The John Day Co. ! One of the most interesting and fasci- nating “odd occupations” volumes that be seen through a microscope. It is an | introduction of the vision into the mysteries of nature which are invisible to the naked eye. And how mysterious and beautiful and interesting are the revelations thus exposed! Here are pic- | tures taken through the microscope of insects, flles, ants, ladybugs, cocoons, spicers, plant cells and leaves, roots, pollen, starch. fungi, milk, hair and | feathers, scales, dust, steel blades, crystals and many other things which | contain secret beauties and faults which hold the interest more tenaciously than | either oross-word or Jig-saw puzzles.‘ And besides, there are so many things to learn about the every-day contacts | with nature and physics. With each | photograph there is accompanying text giving detailed description of ‘the sub- | ject and picture, with instructions as to how to go about finding and photo- | graphing_subjects under a magnifying | glass. The text answers all sorts of | questions, and the complete volume con- | tains enough entertainment to keep the children as well as the grown-upe busy | for many hours. | * % x | YOUNG LAFAYETTE. By Jeanette Eaton. With Illustrations by David Hendrickson. Boston: Houghton Miffiin Co. No more outstanding character in American history has held the affec- "tions and the admiration of the than the impulsive and liberty-loving young gallant of France, Marquis Lafayette. Many storles have been written about him, and many biogra- phies, all of them containing the aver- age amount of the mixing of tradition with fact, and all of them shedding some new light on the fortunes and the character of this young man who cast his lot with the struggling American col- ume gives a dramatic account of his de- parture from home, his arrival on this continent, his journey to Philadelphia and his jubilant acceptance of a com- mission on the staff of George Wash- ington, whom he loved devotedly. is a thrilling tale of brave deeds and high courage in the face of unknown dangers, and of the gallant part played by him in the struggle which was ulti- mately to result in the birth of a re- public destined to become the most powerful nation in the world. The book is written for young people, but its ap- peal will be as great for the older gen. eration, as its content is a faithful and beautiful portrayal of the man, and its make-up is attractive as well. It is artistically illusf with portrait sketches and imprinted on its inside covers are maps showing the fields of action in which he participated. Oddities. Prom the Port Worth Star-Telegram. servant in another city. But through- | . onies in their fight for freedom. This vol- | there is ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. ‘This is & special department devoted solely to the hendling of queries. This paper puts at your disposal the services of an extensive organization in Wash- ington to serve you in any capacity that tes to information. This service is free. Failure to make use of it deprives you of benefits to which you are en- titled. Your obligation is only 3 cents in coin or stamps inclosed with your inquiry for direct reply. Do not use Ftt cards. Address The Evening Star W, n: formstion Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. Q. What is the fastest time recorded in Aicgnxlntlnl?—k B e Amateur Skating Union of | the United States says that the fastest time recorded for ice skating is 220 yards in 18 2-5 seconds. This record was made by Paul E. Forsman at New Rochelle, N.'Y., February 12, 1924. Q. Can a person with only one leg or one arm get a permit to drive an auto- mobile?—M. C. A. Usually this is possible. ‘The tests | are very strict. The automobile to be driven is usually equipped with special giaru to make up for the driver's han- icap. Q. How many orchestras were there in ‘;h% United States two years ago?— J. A. The Metronome Magazine says that there were 55,000 set orcehstras in | 1930, ranging from 3 to 10 pieces. Q. When was the Kingdo) Ar;bl:bdcr?lle(fl—ll. M..d et sau " ul Aziz ibn Abdul-Rahm: Faisal al Saud changed the nnr:: (.3} the country over which he rules to Kingdom of Saudi Arabia on Septem- ber 22, 1932. As Sultan of Nejd, he conquered the Hejaz and proclaimed himself King of the Hejaz and Sultan of Nejd on January 11, 1926. Having uered other small territories, he combined them under the name King- | dom of Saudi Arabia. Q English Church in Virginia’—A. H A. Pocahontas. After she went to London she was entertained by the Bishop on London in recognition of it. PQ!‘J V;ho was Anson Burlingame? A. He was a member of the Free Soil and Know Nothing parties and was one of the founders of the present Repub- lican party. He served as a member of Congress from Massachusetts and was sent as Minister to China in 1861. Later he was in the employ of the Chi- nese government. It was at this time zh.n - ‘::i“ge QM commerce and amity was sign ween the United Stal and China, 1868. fuatee Q. In which States have ther two capitals at one time?>—S. H. o heen A. Connecticut and Rhode Island. Hartford and New Haven were joint f:?:l‘ul.l of Connecticut from 1701 until Joint capitals of Rh jae ode Island until Q What are the penalties for in- rfl:zu}‘g a copyright?>—H. O. . Any person who wilfully and for profit_shall infringe any copyright or who shall knowingly aid such infringe- ment shall, upon conviction, be pun- ished by imprisonment not to exceed one year or by a fine of not less than $100 nor more than $1.000, or both, in the discretion of the court. or affixing a false notice of copyright subjects that person to a fine of $1,000. Innocent infringement subjects infringer to the surrender and destruc- tion of the unauthorized copies and to the payment of damages in sums rang- ing from $10 up to $5.000. Wilful in- fringement subjects the infringer to damages in excess of $5.000 in the dis- cretion of the court and in accordance ‘\l(h'the extent of the wilful infringe- ment. Q. Did Gen. von Steuben return to Country Fears Because of Arguments against inflation ere vig- orously presented by the press, with special emphasis on the experiences of this country with cheap-money efforts in the latter part of the last century end on the misfortunes of European nations with depreciated currency fol- lowing the World War. 16-to-1 proj 1, revived in Congress, has added fresh fuel to the discussion. “The calamitous experience of Ger- many,” says the New York Times, “in printing marks until a billion or two of them were worth only a dime, stands as a continuing reminder and warning | before the eyes of our extreme infla- tionists.” Pointing out that “the only assurance they give us is that, some- how or other, we shall ‘pull up’ in time to prevent such complete devaluation of money as drove Germany almost to ruin and despair 10 years ago.” The Times holds that “the trouble with this theory is that when you once begin to 80 down the steep decline of a depreci- ated currency there is no sw'gplng until you make the final crash.” That paper advises: “Seek to ‘control’ a runaway { locomotive with no engineer aboard, but do not fancy that a deliberately planned inflation can be controlled before it brings about universal disaster.” * % % x Holding that “even were it to work | perfectly, the history of price advances | shows that wages trail a long way be- hind,” the Cleveland News argues that the American worker “cannot be ex- | pected to subscribe to a scheme which would ruin the dollar and at the same time foist high prices upon him.” That paper further contends that “the finan- cial structure of the country would suf- fer” and “the phenomenon known as the ‘flight of capital’ would take place.” The Boise Idaho Statesman states that “the schemes proposed are plain de- basement and take money out of pockets.” The Louisville Courier-Jour- nal maintains that “this country has not forgotten the disastrous results of the silver purchase act of 1890, which caused such a run on the Treasury dur- ing the Cleveland administration, de- spite all efforts to halt it, that the gold reserve was almost exhausted and the Nation made nearly bankrupt.” The Courjer-Journal, finding relation to tariff wars, concludes: “It is not diffi- cult to foresee where competition In people | inflation will end or what will result from artificially manipulated exchange by one nation or group of nations with the object of underselling other nations. The process has been cilled a fool's paradise, but it will be paid for with valueless currencies.” * Kk Kk “The inflationists,” remarks hiladelphia Evening Bulletin, “con- veniently ignore the circumstance that no shortage of money in the United States; that both currency and the credit based upon it are already in excessive supply. Also they ignore the experience of Germany, and of their Tt | backery, with diagnosis of the prevalent disease—a fatal obstacle to the selection of a prob- “In both branches of Congress,” re- cords the Roanoke World-News, “there are members willing to grasp at any straw, who would place urax the Dem- ocratic party the taint of a cheapened currency, who would follow the un- sound theories of Bryan rather than Vo "4t oy Sipped. by the vigorous who are stop) e rous opposition of _such as Carter Glass.” The World-News concludes: “Democrats who are proposing various infiation schemes have evidently not read the Democratic party platform, it Chicago, which declared for “a sound currency to be at all hazards, and an international mone- tary conference called on the invitation of our Government to consider the re- hllll.l‘%flfll @f sliver and related ques- Who was the first convert to the ! Providence and Newport were | Imprinting N. that | Defeat of the, Europe to live after the close of the Iflevo utionzry War?’—J. C. C o A. After the war Von Steuben re- | tired to a tract of land now known as Steubenville, N. Y., which was pre- | sented to him by the State of New York in recognition of his services. He died at hl:;“norne in Steubenville November 28, 1794, Q. Why is Mardi Gras so called?— G. A. From the French practice of pa- rading a fat ox (boeuf gras) during the celebration of the day. The name means “fat Tuesday,” Mardi being French for Tuesday. It is the last day of car- nival, the latter comprising the last three days before Lent, the feast or sea- son of rejolcing observed with public merriment and revelry, feasts, etc. Q Why is Birmingham, Ala, such an important industrial city?—R. G. A. The industrial development of Birmingham is based on immense mineral deposits. All the materials needed for making steel are found in close proximity. Pig iron and steel are the leading products, although 2,000 different commodities are produced in the Birmingham district. Q. Who was Pheidippides’—G. L. A. He was the Athenian courier dis- patched in 450 B.C. to Sparta to solicit ald against the Persians. He is also the character in the poem by Browning who is credited with being the runner who carried the important news after the Battle of Marathon. The real name of* the runner is not known. Brownin merely chose a characteristic name the period. ? }I(»lnw far away can clouds be seen? A. The Weather Bureau says that in open flat country clouds of the broad stratus or layer type cannot be seen more than 30 to 40 miles away, and not | half so far if the air is hazy or misty. On the other hand, when the air is quite clear a well developed thunder- storm cloud may, under favorable con- ditions, be seen for more than 100 miles. Q Who were the Magi?>—A. T. A. Among the ancient Persians they | were the priestly and learned class. In the Bible the Three Wise Men from the East are referred to as Magi. Q. Has England passed a law for- |bidding men’ to sweep chimneys?— L F. B. A. There is a law which forbids the | employment of boys as chimney sweeps. | Chimneys are still swept, but the work | is done by men. | Q What is the little hard-shelled bug , Which infests old furniture>—R. E. F. A. The insect which generally infests antique furniture is the lyctus powder- post_beetle. Q. Do the pipes in pipe organs have to be upright, or could an orgin be built with pipes horizontal’—R. B. T. A. The American Organist says that pipes do not have to stand upright. They can be put into any position de- sired. Wood pipes are perfectly safe in horizontal position; but round metal pipes would tend to flatten in the long run of years if they were several feet long. Metal is not very thick. and flattening would probab! esult. Wood pipes are often horizon tal never are for the reason given. QS. Why is & mausoleum so called?— A. It is named from the magnificent and stately tomb of Mausolus, King of Caria, erected by his widow. Artemisia, about 350 BC. It was recovered by Sir Charles Newton, who brought some of the sculptures to the British Museum. Q. When people die on shipboard are they buried at sea?—H. C. A Only when a specific request is made. Ships carry metal caskets as Tt of their equipment, and dead ies are brought into port in them. (Eh:ap Money Its Past Failures 1 .. The Youngstown Vindicator declares that “such inflation of the currency never helped any country in the past |and any attempt in that direction ! now could only postpone the orderly processes of recovery.” The Charleston (S. C.) Evening Post advises: “If gold is not the best standard by which to measure values let us use another unit of measure. but not two at a time.” | The Baltimore Sun contends: “The free silver agitation canuot be dismissed as insignificant. It underscores the dis- contents arising from the present in- dustrial situation. Congress will need to exercise all possible restraint if it is to avoid rushing into irresponsible action out of a misguided sympathy with the agrarian victims of the cur- rent distress.” “To destroy the integrity of the dollar through inflation would be to take a long step backward into the mire of debt repudiation and to pro- duce a disastrous flight of capital” warns_the Chicago Daily News, while the Boston Transcript rec that “Grover Cleveland set his ' Teso- lutely against any debasement of the currency and the strength and firm- ness with which he upheld his position, going even to the extreme of calling Congress in special session to repeal | the silver-purchasing act, was a power- ful contribution to_the return of nor- mal conditions.” The Buffalo Evening News argues: “These inflation schemes can only make everybody poorer. * * ® The way to recover from hard times is to restore security and confidence, not to keep on shattering the first essen- tials to prosperity.” The Indianapolis News takes the stand that “true leader- ship will hold fast to the view that the | problem is world-wide, that it can be |solved by intelligence, patience and | courage and that under no circum- stances should more than a slight and completely controlled inflation be tried.” | * ook % | “The history of inflation, in every age and in every country,” according to the Providence Journal, “is a long | tale of economic misery and ruin.” The Topeka Daily Capital offers the judg- ment that “one of the oldest delusions 1m the world is the belief in the bene- | fits of depreciated currency.” The Rute | land Herald remarks that its effect “has been likened to a dose of strychnine.” ‘The New York Herald Tribune, calling proposed “reflation” methods unsound, presents this statement: “As a result of the activities of the Reconstruction | Pinance Corporation and the Federal * | Reserve, we have witnessed a substan- tial measure of monetary ‘reflation,’ and | this without threat to the security of | the gold standard. If it be protested | that this credit is largely sterile at the moment, then the reply is that so is | the greater part of our currency, only | 45 per cent of which, according to com- | petent authorities, is now actively func- | tioning.” | The Oakland Tribune finds much in- | terest in the variety of proposals for | currency benefits, and points to “a sug- | gestion of British and Canadian econ- | omists to establish a new currency | based on reserves of gold, silver and | " This paper sees a new princi- ple in the proposal that both metals would offer joint security. —_— e Fugitive From Russia. From the Loulsville Courier-Journal. A Russian student escaped in Poland disguised as a cow. The report on the butter fat situation there leads to the supposition that Russia would miss & cow mare quickly than it would a student. —_——ree— Stormy Waters. Prom the San Antonio Evening News. Jilted by his girl, an Australian sailed a small boat across the Pacific. The cynical bachelor remarks that he would have found the ses of matrimeng Tougher golng.