Evening Star Newspaper, August 3, 1932, Page 8

f / . { i i A-g g {THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASBHINGTON, D. C. ‘WEDNESDAY....August 8, 1932 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company usiness Office: ia_ Ave. 110 East 42nd St Chicago Office: Lake Michigan Bullding. Buropean Office: 14 Regent. St.. London. neland. Rate by Carrier Within the Cjty. The Evening Star, . 45c per month 60c per month ay Star (wnen 5 Sundays).. 65¢ per month The Sunday Star..... . .5¢ de at the end of eac sent in by mail or telephone Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Sunday....1yr.. $10.00: 1 mo.. 85¢c ly ...........1yr. $6.00: 1 mo.. 50c only [.1ll1lil1yr, $4.00; 1mo. d0c Daily Sunday All Other States and Daily and Sunday...1yr nada. 1 mo.. $1.00 00: 1mo. ~ 5¢ $5.00; 1 mo., Ca 00 nly 15t Sunaay only .11l L Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled fo the use for republication of all news dis- atehes credited to it or not otherwise cred- n fhis paper and also the local news published herein _All rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also rese: Still a Local Problem. Whnen Congress enacted the relief ®ill and made available $300,000,080 in loans to the States for the alleviation of suffering resulting from unemploy- ment and for welfare work the Fed- eral Government did mot thereby as- sume the burden that always has been and always will be & local responsi- bility. In the first place, the sum of $300,000,000 would be inadequate to meet the demands during this crisis. In the second place, any attempt ade- quately to meet those demands would place upon the Federal Government & staggering load that could not be car- ried without serious and possibly the entire neglect of other functions that more properly belong to it. The first of the loans, made to the | State of Tllinois, was accompanied by 8 | statement of policy from the Recon- struction Finance Corporation as to the course it will pursue. *“In making funds avallable under the new act for the re- Hef of destitution,” said the statement, “the board desires to say that the cor- poration will expect all States to meet their needs to the greatest extent pos- sible from their public and private sources and call upon the corporation only as & last resort to supplement | their own efforts. * * * The action of the board today in making $3,000,000 available to Illinois was due to the emergency that exists in that State, where it appears that relief funds will be exhausted in certain localities by the end of the present month. * * * The corporation in all cases will insist that the States and local communities fur- nish & substantial part of the rellef needed.” Unless the Reconstruction Finance Corporation holds firmly to this policy, and unless the States co-operate in making it fully effective, there is grave danger of a breakdown of the machinery of private welfare and charitable work. So far the machinery has held up re- markably well under the stresses and strains of this period. The Community Chest agencies of the Nation were re- sponsible last year, through their own efforts alone, for raieing $100,000,000, an increase of 20 per cent over the sum raised in 1931, This year the need will be greater, and the effort by the Community Chest 2gencies and kindred organizations must be increased in pro- | portion. The Federal funds will be' loaned to the States only after evi- dence has been submitted showing the | sbsolute need for such assistance. And | even with such Federal assistance it is going to be extremely difficult to meet | the problem of relief next Winter. | In the case of our own community, | s0c | all find meat in this mystic statement, which probably is precisely what Sena- tor Borah chiefly desires. He was never in a more satisfactory position, to himself. The situation was made to order for his peculiar disposition. To- night at Minneapolis he is to speak. Maybe he will in that utterance give a clue to his course. And again possibly he will merely disclose that he is still in the maze looking for a way out. But at any rate, it is certain that he is having a wonderful time. — raee— Another Conference. The United States has accepted the : invitation of the British Government to particiate during the coming Fall or Winter in an international economic and monetary conference. The- pur- pose of the meeting is to evolve, if pos- sible. ways and means for pulling the world out of the slump and despond in which it has had its being for the past three years. The State Department permits it to be understood that war debts, German reparations and specific | tariff rates, as distinguished from “tar- iff policy,” will be banned from the conference agenda. America is not dis- posed to submit those subjects to inter- national discussion. At first blush, it is difficult to com- prehend how any parley to promote world economic recovery can get very far if the issues just enumerated are taboo. Europe looks upon war debts and reparations as the bedrock of her economic problem. Her doctors of statesmanship would consider any con- sultation on the world patient's con- dition as fundementally wrong and practically useless if the cause of the European malady is utterly ignored. ‘The United States’ insistence upon barring debt and reparation discussion seems to put out of court the recent proposal of Senator Borah. In his now celebrated radio address on the Tesults of the Lausanne conference the Ida- hoan projected an all-embracing con- ference on debts, reparations, disarma- ment, Versailles treaty revision, silver and co-related currency questions, ex- change difficulties, price levels, the movement of capital and trade barriers. In notifying Great Britain of our readi- | ness to sit at a round table on eco- nomic and monetary matters the Hoo- ver administration definitely delimits the range of debate from the Amer- ican standpoint. The American people have not been educated by post-war events to have any very enthusiastic confidence in con- ferences. The feeble results of the late Geneva Disarmament Conference are fresh in mind. Our delegates to that public futility are reaching home this week, deserving of the country's grati- tude for thelir patience under irritating circumstances. Senator Swanson, Mr. Davis and Dr. Mary E. Woolley, Who went to Geneva with high hope of the world’s sincere purpose to grapple de- cisively with disarmament, must be filled with disillusionment after their six months in Switzerland. It is well and proper that the United States should join in the forthcoming economic conference, even if experience teaches us not to build any air castles about it. Our delegates will need to be on their guard against attempts to ex- tend the scope of such a parley beyond its originally stated and legitimate pur- pose. The news from Berlin today— that Germany may seek to drag in pri- vate debts—is a sign of what may be expected. American investors, Wwith hundreds of millions of dollars at stake in the Reich, could not look with favor upon any scheme to cut down either in- terest or principal sums through some far-reaching liquidation process or “capital conversion” operation. False Rescue Squad Calls. The Fire Rescue Squad is one of the most efficient and valuable branches of the Pire Department, covering a wide the District does not share in the privi- | lege of borrowing from the Federal Government's $300,000,000 fund. It stands on its own feet in providing | funds for local relief. While an appro- | priation of local revenue was made this | year to supplement the funds nl.sed} by the Community Chest, the major | part of the burden still rests upon the | Community Chest and there it will re- main. In no year is the Chest organi- zation so necessary and in no year will so mugh depend upon its continued and | generous support by the people of | Washington. The widow of the late Abraham Frianger will have an interest in his| estate, which proves to be much less, when calculated by legal accounting, than it was represented by the press agents. The theater is still the domain | of bright but fleeting fancy. o Complaints are no longer heard that Americans touring abroad make tips so large as to constitute an annoying re- minder of superior wealth. e A five-day-week plan may call for study to find means to prevent Satan from finding mischief for idle hands on the other two days. —_—— e Borah. Senator Borah is the prize pro- pounder of political paradoxes. He de- lights in puiting posers that set folks to guessing as to his position. At Chi- cago yesterday he indulged in this pas- time when he was quizzed as to his in- tentions in the campaign. Here is a summary of the interview: What are you going to do about the national campaign? I have decided—but haven't an- nounced that yet. Are you going to support the national I haven't put in yet. My position is the same as it was when I spoke in the Senate after the convention. I said 1 would not support Hoover on this platform. Because of the prohibition plank? I don't think any more of the eco- nomic planks than I do of the prohibi- tion plank in the Republican platform. Will you support the Democratic ticket? o! Teke part in a third party move- ment? I have no knowledge of & third party. I am not in contact with any movement. Then you will be politically dormant lh: Summer and Fall? io! Just what is your own plank on pro- hibition? I have no plank. I think the Re- n plank is a timid, shuffling, cowardly treatment of the subject. What of the Demoeratic repeal P“A¢ least they said what they ‘And do you agree with them' 1 do not. thought. ? ground and rendering important serv- ice in emergency cases. It is kept con- stantly on the go in response to calls from all parts of the District and has & record of many lives saved through prompt attention and treatment. As in the case of other branches of the Fire Department, its efficiency is lessen- ed through the sounding of false alarms. For the past two vears the squad has been kept going hither and thither throughout the District in re- sponse to telephone calls reporting fake gas cases and explosions, often occa- sloning long runs in the course of which the squad has been unavailable for real service in genuine cases. It is be- lieved that these calls are sent by the same person, who has come to be known at headquarters as “Johnson.” Although his voice is now recognized by the operators at headquarters switch- board, they cannot do otherwise than summon the squad. This miscreant s imposing a needless duty upon the hard-worked rescue service, which must respond even though there is sus- picion that the call is false. A clue to his identity has been obtained and it is | to be hoped that he will soon be caught, and by the imposition of & proper sen- tence rendered impotent to continue this fanatic, harmful practice further. R The District of Columbia, brought under the observation of the werld as the scene of tragedy, becomes the his- toric innocent bystander. | | Dan Brouthers. Dan Brouthers is dead at the age of 74. To the younger generation of base ball fans he was but & name and & tra- |dition. To those who were patrons of !the game thirty-five and more years ago 1 he was a vivid memory of mighty bats- manship. For Dan Brouthers was one of the great sluggers of the sport in his prime. He was the Babe Ruth of his day, the batsman feared by every pitcher. Tall, awkwardly built, some- what knock-kneed, heavy of frame, he | was not only ferocious in the attack, | but he was highly efficient in defense. | For he was a first baseman of excep- tional ability. He covered a wide area of ground around the initial sack and Ine had an extended reach for wide throws from infielders, But it was at third | the bat that Brouthers shone particu- larly. He was most effective with men on bases. In those days the official scores did not record the number of runs batted in, but if they had Brouthers would have been far out in the Jead in this respect. The tale is told of a pitcher whose game Was ~yined in the final inning by a home run over the fence from Broy.aers’ bat, chasing the mighty one asound the bases and blubbering: “You big bully! THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 3, 1932. graph pole for a bat and knocking the bread and butter out of pitchers’ mouths!” Brouthers’ bat was a veritable war club. The rules in his time did not limit the sise of the flail, as in later years, and he swung the heftiest stick in the game, a bat that could scarcely be handled by the average player. He won championships for the old Detroit ’Nmomh and the Baltimore Orioles, having started with Buffalo in 1881, and playing for a time with Brooklyn before going to Baltimore. He finished his active service in Philadelphia in 1897. For the last few years he has been a | pensioner in effect, in charge of the press gate at the Polo Grounds in New | York, where he kept in touch with the sport he loved and in which in his sixteen | years of active duty he had been hon- ored and esteemed. ————————— Only One Thing to Do. Although it is difficult to pin the; wavering ‘“‘Commander” Waters down to any definite course of action, Gov. Ritchie apparently convinced him yesterday that abandonment of the Anne Arundel colonization scheme was the only common sense thing to do. At any rate, Maryland will not stand for it, and Comdr. Waters has called, it off. The reasonable and the humane thing for Comdr. Waters to do now is to use what influence he may have and to join with Gen. Smedley Butler and others in a plea that the marckers | abandon their wretched camp at Johns- town and go home. The objection may be interposed here, as it has been from the beginning, that these men and women have no homes and that even the pitiful bivouac at Johnstown affords relative comfort and security. That may be true in some degree. But they left homes to come to Washington and -the effort now should be to send them back where they came from. A coroner’s jury has decided that the policemen who killed two of the march- ers in the rioting of last Thursday shot in self-defense and were blamcless. The grand jury is resuming its inquiry into th> whole business, with anly dim pros- pects that any discovery will be made enabling criminal blame to be rested against any individual. But there will be no doubt of the responsibility, whether criminal or not, if the tragedy of riot and bloodshed in Washington is followed by another tragedy of suffering, illness and death at Johnstown. The men who possess some semblance of authority over those now camped at Johnstown should exercise it, disband the campers and send them back to the communities whence they came. - Any other course now is nothing less than insane. Comdr. Waters and his staff should act quickly to avert the grave consequences that their foolish dream- ing and indecision have threatened. Even the radio entertainers who created good comedy by representing themselves as candidates for the presi- dency have realized the grave responsi- bilities of the office and turned their talents back to customary lines. ———e——— Some of the men engaged in Europe's financial deliberation are addressed as “Doctor.” The title covers many va- rieties of intellectual attainment, that of the business doctor being promi- nently included. ——————— Prediction has been made that thc bonus complications will not soon be forgotten. This view seems likely to be correct, considering the number of lawyers already engaged to discuss it professionally. B Reds are accused of pretending to be veterans. They are of the Communistic type that believes in seizing a share of everything worth having, including even hard-earned glory. P : A tricentennial demonstration will be due in another hundred years, by which time it may be possible to have the scene sufficiently cleared to permit centralized attention on George Washington. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Inquiry and Action. When criticism is turned loose THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. “Discretion is the better part of valor.” It is an old saying. one of which the world sometimes is ashamed. The stigma of cowardice hangs to it. There may be one aspect of it, how- ever, which saves it from total rejec- tion. It has to do with the futility of talking honestly to some people. These are all those members of a numerous tribe who insist on grabbing up words, without waiting for the com- pletion of sentences. They may be called Word Grabbers. A Word Grabber is a fellow who is so unfair in the tactics of disputation that he never gives one the time or chance to finish what he is saying. Perhaps he is afraid to. Mayhe he doesn't value the attempt to achieve, in werds, some approxima- tion of the ideas which flit through one’s head. There is a great deal of plain bunkum in the oft-repeated thought that one can have no ideas until they can be put plainly into words of definite values. That is not true. While there is resident in it some small percentage of truth, as in most ideas, good or bad, the plain fact, known to every one, is that all of us have ideas which we are not exactly able to encompass in words. We know this to be true, for after- ward, maybe years later, we find our- selves able to phrase them very well. An inability to say what one thinks, upon demand, does not mean that one does not think, or that one's ideas necessarily are hazy. It does mean that one’s ideas are ahead of one's ability at expression. This state of thing is not new in the world. It is possible to trace the evolution of ideas back for centuries—indeed, for thousands of years—an eternal struggle going on all that time to make words body forth the thoughts of mankind. The Hebrew search for a definite idea of God is one of the most interesting of these mighty stguggles, in which the v soul of mahkind forth. Its highest form was not achieved in a day. Many years passed, many men lived and died, before one incomplete idea gave way to a more complete, and that in turn to an even better. Yet no one would be so bold as to assert that the earlier expressions were, in essence, anything less than the lat- ter, or that their holders were not on the right track. They, too, were engaged in “an ex- periment noble in purpose,” which had | for its goal an undying ideal. Ideas tumble around in heads, un- able to get out, caught in an immortal trap, seeking egress. Ideas are trusting. That is one reason why they are ideals. Each idea of mankind which is worth the name has a firm belief in its own mission. To be stated—that alone will suf- fice for its recognition. At least, so thinks the innocent ideal. And that. alas, is where every idea, and especially every ideal, ha$’ fooled itself all these centuries. “I have but to get born,” says the trusting ideal, “for men everywhere, and of all nations, to recognize me as the truth.” This might be true if men were rea- soning creatures. But they reason cnly by_impulse. Man may be but little lower than the angels, but also he is but little higher than the brutes, in some ways. His first concern, necessarily, since | Nature is as she is, is to exist. It will be found, even in our so-| called civilizations, that the struggle' was pictured . TRACEWELL. for food reaches forward to muzzle the mind. Any one who doubts this can prove it to himself in no time, by openin argument, cially in a crowded place, on any of the rcally heated questions of the day. If he does his best to be fair, honest and as intelligent as he can, the chances are a thousand to one that somebody in the crowd will call him by any one of the present popular names for unpopular people. See our hero, honestly attempting to get at the heart of an idea, bent on nothing more heinous than trying to live up to his God-given intelligence. He has a sentence of a dozen w in process of being bodily put into the little world of grasping intelligences. He might get all 12 out, if it were not for the fact that a Word Grabber were present. “Halt!” he cries, or words to that ef- fect. He grabs the first six words, cuts off the remainder at their very source, and then locks around triumphantly. He has slain an idea. All he has done, however, is to show what the world has long admitted, the power of might over right. The Word Grabber, by putting & big rock on the track of thought, has thor- oughly wrecked an express train straight from the Land of Ideas. At this point a very old idea pops up, with all the force of a new one, in the mind of the man Whose decent attempt to be intellectual has sub- jected him to the hasty onslaught of the Grabber. “Discretion,” he murmurs, to himself, “is the better part of valor.” He winks one eye at the rabld Word Grabber, insolent in his uniform of regularity. The latter thinks he has won a great | victory, indeed. What he does not know is that the honest man, who stands as the type of all honest f’mm since the world began, is saying fo himself: “My friend, henceforth when I have any ideas I will not attempt to com- municate them to you. “I will try them out on men of in- telligence and imagination, who are able to appreciate a mind in action. “Life is too short to wrangle any more than is necessary. “It is necessary so often, alas! “My own system of detecting a Word Grabber is the essence of simplicity, but is far too complex for a mentality of your low order to comprehend. “You see, this is the way I do it. Instead of giving out my real idess to all and sundry, which would be a veritable pouring of pearls before an assembly which might contain swine, I have two sets of ideas. “The first set constitutes my shock troops, in effect. “I never send out the second set, my real ideas, until the first set has cleared the way. “These shock troops of mine are such simple ideas that one might think they would appeal to the intelligence of a 10-year-old child. “In fact, they do appeal to such intelligences. “The Word Grabber, however, scarcely at the point of evolution of the normal, healthy 10-year-old. “The Word Grabber is suspiclous, evidently, of his own ignorance; he begins {6 beat around in a physical fashion: the resort to a verbal is his last stand. “He wrecks my shock troops. “I simply withdraw the others. He never sees them. I reserve them for the keen mental warfare wherein equals —in this case simply honest men— fight a good fight.” WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. President Hoover hasn't in a long| time concentrated on anything—cer- | tainly on a speech—so intensively as he | is devoting himself to his August 11 address of acceptance. As few appoint- ments as possible are being made for the Chief by his secretaries in the meantime. The speech is not going to be a Jong one. It will be well under an hour in duration—possibly not last more than half an hour. If the Repub- lican nominee for the presidency re- mains in the fighting mood in which White House visitors find him now- adays, he will hit straight from the shoulder next week in a variety of direc- tions. The present indications are that Mr. Hoover will not by any means con- fine himself to a mere elucidation of his party’s platform, as Gov. Roosevelt did in his own first campaign speech the other night. The President is expected to tackle some of the Rooseveltian views critically, especially recent utterances on economic affairs. Cancellation of war debts is scheduled for discussion in the acceptance address and, of course, 50 is the burning question of prohibition. * ¥ * % X Certain cynical authorities see G. O. | P. eunning in the designation of out- standing Democrats for high positions in the crusade against depression con- In language far from tame, There doesn't seem to be much use Of asking who's to blame. There's work for every one to heed ‘When sorrow is at hand. The call for aid is all we need Just then ‘o understand. Effects of misery or crime Our ministrations claim, And who shall pause at such a time ‘To question “Who's to blame?” Cultivating the Abstruse. “How do you like our party plat- form?” “Some of it is entirely too clear,” answered Senator Sorghum. “We made a mistake in not calling in Dr. Einstein, so that nobody would be ex- pected to understand it.” Jud Tunkins says, sooner or later debts have got to stop somehow, be- cause he doesn't know of anybody who can count up as high as a billion dol- lars. Budget Balancing. Your mathematics do not thrill My humble budget—No, sir— If I with a two-dollar bill Can face the family grocer. Compensation Mystery. “I don’t know how it's goin’ to figure out,” said Farmer Corntossel, “if we go much further with this idea of a fur- lough without pay.” “It will increase the demand for labor.” “Yes, I've already laid the hired man off seven days a week. If I try to lay him off eight days a week, helll be owin' me money.” “He who legrns a great truth,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “may be compelled to keep long silence because he is not clever enough to prove it.” Historians. The ledger makes a grim display Bome great bookkeepers think. ‘The story of the present day, ‘They're writing in red ink. “A brass band,” said Uncle Eben, “is de best part of de parade in spite | People’ of de fact dat de bass drum an’ de Solvers of crossword pussles, students You ought to be ashamed of yourself other instruments have no ides of what ot cryptograms, readers of riddles will going around the country with a tele~ #'s all about.” . \ ditions. _The recent appointment of former Senator Atlee Pomerene to the chairmanship of the Reconstruction Finance Commission is now followed by the selection of Newton D. Baker, Pomerene's fellow Ohian, as head of & national citizens' committee of the “Welfare and Relief Mobilization of 1932 This is a joint program pro- posed by the Association of Community Chests and Councils of the country to combat a growing popular impression that Uncle Sam is prepared to look after all necessary charity work for the remainder of the depression. Mr. Baker's organization is planning to have its campaign formally opened at the White House by President Hoover on Septem- ber 15th. With national Democrats of the caliber of Messrs, Pomerene and Baker leading the fight for recovery and_relief, 'tis suggested that the Re- publicans will have their fingers crossed if worst comes to worst. * X % X Republicans of the nineteenth econ- gressional district of New York, the blue stocking Manhattan constituency for which Representative Sol Bloom now sits, have just decided to pit against him in November a Lower Broadway lawyer named William R. Cams. Mr. Carns has been in practice in New York City since 1899 and been prominent in bar association work. In 1917 he organized and became chair- man of the Legal Committee of the home service section of the Red Cross, which handled more than 22,000 cases for men in the service and their fami- lies in connection with war risk insur- ance allotments and allowances. The Republican with designs on the Demo- | crat who has been keeping America safe for George Washington will run as & wet and an advocate of repeal. * % ¥ ¥ In Gotham the other day this ob- server made the acquaintance of a brand-new name for the traffic-con- gested numbered streets in the mid- town region. They used to be known as the “Roaring Forties”” Now they're called the “Fender-bending Forties.” S Presidential campaigns unfailingly produce a crop of new books dealing with the party standard bearers. Mr. Hoover, being old stuff, is not the sub- Ject of as copious literary treatment as Gov. Roosevelt, who requires to be “sold” as a national figure. There will g:umly appear a volume of which the 'mocratic nominee in person is the author—"“Government; Not Politics.” It will contain 24 articles by the Governor, all but two of which have appeared separately during the past year. Some of the chapter headings are: “There Will Be No Dole,” “Public Utilities and 's Rights,” “A Warning on Tarifl Revision,” “Public Service Commissions” and ‘Holding Company Evils.” Herbert Earl Looker has just written: “This Man Roosevelt,” a biography. Mr. Looker was one of the group of boys who played in the White House during Theodore Roosevelt’s presidency and is the author of “The White House Gang.” * kK X As soon as the Olympic games are over at Los Angeles, the “World Coun- cil of Youth” will be convened on the campus of the California Institute of Technology, in Pasadena. The Coun- cil was conceived and organized by serious-thinking students of Southern California “to advance international understanding, fellowship, co-operation and appreciation among the youth of the world.” The promoters hope induce many of the athletes now com- peting for records and fame at Los Angeles to remain over for the Council and eventually to make it & recognized unit of the Olympic games. Free board and lodging are available to young people who participate in the first Coun- cil session, to open on August 16 and continue for ten days. * kX % South America for the moment en- grosses the attention of Secretary Stim- son and the State Department to the exclusion of the rest of the world. Near- ly the whole southern half of the West- ern Hemisphere—some people call it the Southern Hemisphere—is in_ turmoil. Brazil is plunged into civil war between the central government of President Vargas and the frequently rebellious coffee State of Sao Paulo. Bolivia and Paraguay are at war. Argentina and Uruguay have broken off diplomatic relations. Peru has just stood 40 revo- lutionaries sgainst a stone wall as tar- gets for a firing squad, one of the epi- sodes in the threat of a Communist Indian government. In Chile the new Socialist government of President Cer- los Davila is more or less perched atop a powder barrel. _Assistant Secretary of State Francis White, Latin Ameri- can_e: , and Chief of the Latin American Affairs Division Edwin C. Wilson are burning the midnight ofl while watching where things will break loose next beyond the Isthmus of Panama. * x x Among Washington’s _always big and bustling brigade of office-seekers— believe it or not—are several present members of the United States Senate. They are gentlemen who are up for re- election in November, but contemplate being statesmen out of jobs after March 4, 1933. Positions with some of the newly created Federal organiza- tions, like the Home Loan Bank Boerd, are the plums the senatorial lame ducks-to-be are trying to knock down. mainly with the sympathetic aid of colleagues in the Upper House. * X ¥ ¥ Three first-class diplomatic appoint- ments are in the offing—the Ambassa- dorship to Poland and the Ministershij to Greece and Czechoslovakia. Repub- lican organization stalwarts are bring- ing pressure to bear for bestowal of these places upon deserving (and gen- erous) feeders of the elephant in this year of slim campaign pickings. One patriot, who has already been a Min- ister at a European capital, casts an anchor to windward every four Lem by contributing to the war chests of both PaTtles pyrient, 1852 Whispers Against Banks May Be Political Trick To the Editor of The Star: Is it not highly probable that the parties who are spreading false rumors, by anonymous telephoning, to start i runs upon banks are not doing so be- cause of being Communists, but be- cause they are seeking to prevent the return of prosperity until after the November elections, to thereby sustain the Democratic claim that no such return can be effected under an ad- headed by the master ‘Washington author, num.l,z mmr | intelligent expedience. 1s |ad to] Legionnaire Approves The President’s Action To the Editor of The Star. I read in The Star of July 29 a statement made by Norman B. Land- reau, newly elected District depart- ment commander of the American Legion, making an attack on the pres- ent adminjstration for using military force in evicting the bonus expedi- tionary force. Mr. Landreau was elected com- mander of the Distriet department July 28, and it is most unfortunate that in such short a period he should permit his elevation to this important office to inflate his publicity ambition and with a statement and prediction that is a gross violation of the prin- ciples of the Legion. Landreau in his criticism of the ad- ministration must be assumed as per- sonal and he should be advised that while he occupies the office of District commander of the Legion he should use a little common sense. The veterans’ status has been re- duced to a minimum of unfavorable- ness by their antics and demands and they can ill afford to have Legion officers express their personal opinions at the expense of the organization, especially with matters not recognized by the Legion in general assembly. 1 sympathize with the B. E. F., poor devils, but I am against the influence that brought these men to Washing: ton and I believe most legionnaires will agree with me, and I do not want to be a member of the Legion if they do_not. The situation placed the President in a very difficult position, but when action was needed he knew what to do and the situation was handled with It was a good job and will meet with the approval of the vast majority of veterans. ‘TOM SHANTON. ) People Approve Action Against Bonus Marchers To the Editor of The Star: I have always appreciated as well as enjoyed your timely and interesting discussions on important national and world problems by the most tinguished men in our public life through the medium of radio. In per- forming this great service to the people of the United States you, The Wash- ington Star, honorably maintained the position of impartiality. Both major parties had ample op- portunity to freely express basic views on the vital and complicated question confronting our depressed and worried countrymen. The tragic news from Washington brought more uneasiness upon the dis- turbed mind of our struggling-with-de- pression people. The people through- out the land remained sorrowful spec- tators of a bloody and disgraceful spectacle. The majority of the people, no matter how deep their sympathies run for the welfare of the ex-service man, will- courageously approve the necessary action of President Hoover and the national administration pro- voked by the mob instinct and un- American rleans of a body of desper- ate veterans who had no excuse to dis- regard law and order in our Nation's Capital. However, there is a possibility that President Hoover and his immediate ivisors on serious situation have actually exaggerated and unreasonably magnified the approach of danger and menace to the maintenance of law and order they gave solmen oath to pre- ‘efivl!l‘ in all, the irresponsible elements of the assembled veterans must and should bear the grave Tesponsibility for this bloody and disgraceful national episode. SAMUEL SINAINK, Philadelphia. President Should Be Commended for Course To the Rditor of The Star: The writer wishes to express through your columns his opinion of the con- dition of affairs in Washington and th Bonus tionary First, the writer was a G Company, 16th Infantry, 1st Di- g of ‘Tha-was. wakl i end of o ‘war unf e en the war and participated in every major, engagement over there. I was also twice wounded. With this said I want to say further that I am out of employment and disabled, receiving $12 per month from the Government. I would like to see the borus paid and paid now, provided it would not really hamper the Government. Our President says that the time is not ripe to pay it. He is in a better po- sition to know than those outside of the Government service. ‘There was no need of the Bonus Ex- itionary Force remaining in Wash- ngton after Congress adjourned, for the reason that Congress is the only body which can_appre te money to be paid by the Treasury. The action of the veterans who were in Washington with the Communists and radicals is doing more to harm the cause of the veterans than anything that has been done so far. The President should be commended for his action in subduing these Com- munists after they tried to bite the hand that fed them, that of a real soldier, Brig. Gen. Pelham D. Glass- lorsdé. SHELLIE W. MOXLEY. ‘member_of rta, N. C. Bonus Marchers Were Badly Led and Advised ‘To the Editor of The Star: Although 1t cannot be questioned that the bonus marchers were in viola- tion of law, Gen. Butler told them to “stick it out,” and likened the Anacostia | mud flats to Valley Forge. Why did the brave general sulk in his silken tent? Why did he not show his colors and come and face the music in the hovels with his buddies? He said to them, “If it had not been for you they would not have had any country.” I, for one, accept the challenge. I would rather surrender to the enemy than be a slave to my own people. would not carry bonus marchers around on a silver platter the rest of my days. I would not be subservient to their in- sufferable tactics of mob legislation. I would not witness the miserable, in- credible spectacle of their putting of their own babes and wives in the front- line trenches as they have done here in Washington. Gen. Butler also told them to work for a law in the next war that would draft every one—men, women and chil- dren. Has the general not overlcoked = vital factor? there be such a thing as a soldier without a bonus? If ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Of the vast number of questions answered by this department only a few can be published in this column The ones that are printed must be of 1 interest and not personal in their nature. Do not, therefore, merely sign your initlals to your letter and ask that the answer be published. Give your full name and address, so that you may recelve a personal letter in reply. Inclose 3 cents for return post- age. Direct your letter to The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. Q. How long have negotiations for the St. Lawrence waterways system been under way’—G. V. A. The negotiations were started about eight years 3 Q. Into how many terms the school year at Oxford University di- vided?>—M. C. A. Into four. Michaelmas term, Oc- tober 10 to December 17; Hilary, or Lent, January 14 to the day before Palm Sunday; Easter term, Wednesday after Easter to Friday before Whitsun- | day, and Trinity, or Act, term, from the 'day before Whitsunday to the Sat- uray after the first Tuesday in July. Q. What is a palimpsest?—E. O. A. It is a parchment manuscript, which, after the writing upon it had been partially erased, had been used again. Both the Greeks and Romans erased manuscript in order to use the parchment again. Q.S };nw long is the River Jordan?— A. Its course is about 70 miles direct, but 200 miles including windings. Q. How large & nugget of silver has been found?—J. McF. A. The Smithsonian Institution says that silver does not commonly occur in nuggets and it has no definite informa- tion regarding the largest lump, or nugget, ever found. There is one large mass of 5 cwt. which was found in Norway and one of 8 cwt. in Peru and one mass in the Cobalt district of Can- ada which weighed 1,640 poun: Q. How long will the season be this gen;_ for shooting ducks and geese?— A. There will be & two-month sea- son this year, but the bag limit has been lowered on some species. Q. Does the blood actually get thin- ner in Summer and thicker in Win- ter?—A. F. B. A. The Public Health Service says that this is more a figure of speech than a literal condition. The blood may become thin following the injec- tion of large quantities of fluid into the veins, or the blood may become thick- ened following excessive hemorrhage. Q. At the time yhe Declaration of Independence was adopted what was the building known as Independence Hall used for?—E. G. itol, of Pennsylvania. Q. What city publishes the most daily newspapers?—P. S. A. Paris. 1t is said that Paris has as many dafly newspapers as London, New York and Berlin combined. Q. Why is an inquisitive person ufled a peeping Tom?—A. W. D. Coventes. a. person = unction not to look when the nude Lady Godiva rode by. Q. Where is Piedras Negras in Guatemala?—G. W. P. A. The Minister of Guatemala says that Pledres Negras is the modern Spanish name for the site of an old Maya city in northern Guatemala near the Mexican border. This region is located in dense jungle country in the Department of the Peten. Although :rlkinx unofficially, Sena- tor Borah Idaho has aroused tre- mendous interest by his proposal that the nations enter into a discussion of war debts, with other adjustments that might affect armaments and economic conditions. It is held by many Amer- icans that if the Senator is right about the possibility of resulting improve- ment in general conditions his pro- posals are worth considering. “There is a growing public belief,” thinks the Springfield (Mass.) Union (Republican), “that for our own eco- nomic welfare, as well as that of Eu- rope, the debt question must be taken up by our Government in the near future.” The Charlotte Observer (in- dependent Democratic) feels that “there is no doubt about the fact that conference of the kind Mr. h would organize could accomplish much in stabilizing world situations.” The Omaha World-Herald (independent Democratic) agrees that the Senator’s of dangers so terrible that they have brought civilization to its knees” The Salt Lake Deseret News (independent) announces that it “sincerely concurs in Senator Borah’s view that the Lausanne agreement was a genuine step forward toward international amity and economic recovery.” CET “This is internationalism with a vengeance,” declares the Birmingham Age-Herald (Democratic). “Better than that, it is enlightenment, for which all large-minded and realistic Americans will be profoundly grateful to the Sena- tor from Idaho.” The Newark Eve- ning News (independent) advises: “What Senator Borah has come to see, and what other holdouts will probably be- gin to see, is that so long as we insist upon payment with Interest of the money that was spent here, and on which profits were once taken, it is next to impossible for the debtor nations to credit.” The Charleston (8, C.) Eve- ning Post (Democratic) feels that “whether or not disarmament is actu ally attainable, debt revision is in- evitable, and even an oblique approach to it 15 to be welcomed.” “If debt cancellation is going to do us more than an; else,” thinks the New York Herald Tribune (Republican), “then let us cancel and not be afraid of the word. * * * The whole matter is not one of altruism or sentiment, but of self-interest, pure and simple.” Taking the position that we were all soldiers, who would be left to _&Ay the blankety-blank bonus? e leader of the bonus marchers sald that they would stay here until they get the bonus—even until 1945. When & wise man sees he is following a wrong course he about faces and does not pursue it fanatically to the end. The sensible ones among the bonus marchers must now see that they have been fol- lowing mistaken leaders, as men have done before. They must realize at last that their position is untenable in the extreme, and becoming more so each day. But they can, and surely will, yet themselves before it is ever- lastingly too late by rising up and repudiating their mistaken leaders. All over the country men are plan- ning, scheming, devising for the new economic structure which is to arise. is his own community, where he can stand shoulder to shoulder with his fellows and assume the high privi- lege and duty, Oll;h u;!:ln of carefully brick new structure, insuring its mhdne-m PAULINE WOOSTER. the: Jackknife Economies. Prom the Boston Evening Transcript. ‘The British “imperial autonomy” may be good policy, and then again it may turn out to be as wealth. s Jackknives all ter 0 camap, 5 “if the war debts cannot be collected, the more quickly they are wiped off the books the better,” the Cincinnati Times-Star concludes: “It is an insult to the intelligence of Americans to believe that they will not wake up sooner or later and insist that their leaders handle war debts as they should be handled—on the basis of frankness and common sense.” e N “The fact that after 12 years the leader of the isolationists now demands co-operation,” says the Baltimore Sun (independent Democratic), “may tempt the ironist, but even more should it be welcomed by those seen and understood the rightness of the view which now, with the giff help of Senator seems more the record of “an appalling struggle which began 18 years ago,” the Roanoke World-News (Democratic) concludes that “Lausanne, even more than Ver- sailles, as Mr. Borah points out, is the harbinger of peace and the hope of humanity.” The Youngstown Vindi- cator (independent Democratic) offers the opinion: “If the depression is due to the continuance of the war psy- chology for 18 years, and if the de- jon can be ended by our remis- sion n("theu flmfi will be good busi- ness for us to , at least, to reduce them.” Jetin A. It was the State House, or Cap- | g It was originally Peeping Tom of ho disobeyed the are | fic speech “is a distinct and statesmanlike | contribution to the final overcoming buy much else without asking still more- them—or, the old Lioness The Providence Bul- vincing mmhl':nn.h very interesting Mays ruins located there and the University of Pennsyl- | vania is at present engaged in excava- | tions on this site with the permission | and émnnan of the government of | Gua 9 | Q. How many osteopaths are there | in the United States>—L. L. C. | " A. In 1930 there were 7,650. Q. How many swords did Washing- ton have?—B. C. A. He possessed five. He bequeathed a sword to each of his five nephews. Q. Why was the Atlantic Ocean s named?—C. E. P. A. The name Atlantic as applied to the ocean between Europe Africa on the east and north, and the Ameri- cas on the west, comes from the Greek word Atlas, which referred in Greek mythology to a divinity havln‘lchnm | of the pillars which upheld the heavens. | Atlas was supposed to stand at the spot | where the Strait of Gibraltar now , holding up the sky, and because the Atlantic Ocean was reached through | this strait, it was called the Ocean of Atles or the Atlantic Ocean. . What is the approximate value of all the machinery used in manufactur- ing in the United States?—C. H. A. 1t is estimated at $20,000,000,000. Q. Was pellagra_first found in the United States>—P. B. A. The disease was discussed under this name in Italy in the eighteenth century and has rapidly increased. It is common in northern Italy, southern France, in Spain and _in countries farther east in southern Europe. Q. How many foreigners live in Lon- don?—G. P. A. The Annual Report of the Com- missioner of Police of the Metropalis (London) for 1930 shows the number of aliens over 16 years of age as 135,- 001, divided, in' part, as follows: Rus- sian, 46,463; Italian, 13,933; German, Prench, 10,228; Swiss, 8460; P'oll.lh, 5,783; Dutch, 069. Q. Who were the Hartford Wits?— A J. ‘A. This name was given by the cultivated circles of the United States to & group of Connecticut professional men and literary aspirants, in Hartford or met there for converse and collaboration from shortly after the Revolution till toward 1800. The exact composition of the group is not uniformly agreed upon, but the un- questioned members were Richard Al- sop, Joel Barlow, Theodore Dwight, Lentuel Hopkins and David Humphreys. bull, the historian, Q. What is the origin of the word gorilla?—E, M. A. The word gorilla is African, but _more than 2, years separate its first appearance from its present use. In the 5th or 6th century 3 Carthaginian navigator named Hanno sailed beyond the Pillars of Hercules alpng the west coast of Africa. He wrote in Punic a record of his adventure, and among the wonders he described were some hairy savages called gorillas. His work was trans- Jated into Greek and later into several European languages, so that the word became familiar to naturalists. In 1847 is was applied to the giant ne; which had recently been described in the street | explorers. Q. What is the difference between 8 burn and a scald?—S. L. A. A burn is the effect of dry heat of 140° F. and over, a scald being the result of molst heat of over 120° F, Clinically there is no distinction be- tween them. Death usually results when one-third of the total area of the body is affected, however super- — Borah War-Debts Proposals Received With 'Open Minds Borah “Is the way of true statesm: p* “If the National mind,” advises the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin = (inde~ pendent Republican), “can be brought to thinking of the debt question from this point of view, taking the large and long view of National welfare snd fu- ture progress, rather than the eonfined consideration of the immediate present, the more it thinks the clearer will be the solution, and the relinquishment of our equitable claims. for the greater peace and prosperity of the world, which means our own prosperity, will be less of a bogey. The United States has been generous in its dealings with its European debtors. It has adjusted and readjusted the debt schedules to meet their ability to pay. We do not owe them any more generosity than we | have shown them. ~But in our own | interest we may go farther.” % & b Voicing its opposition to the proposal, the Spokane Spokesman-Review says: “While Senator Borah’s sentiments do him honor. and the world reforms that he is seeking are what we all are long- ing for, it is & question whether his formula would help the world. It might prolong the desired recovery. * * % And always we must not forget that even if we bought dis- armament at that price, we could not compel sustained compliance. Armies reduced under Mr. Borah's plans could later be enlarged. And navies, too, as war scares might renew.” “Whether he is right or wrong” contends the Buffalo Evening News (independent Republican), “Benatar Borah is merely guessing. He is not in the confidence of the administration or of any political party, and he has no power to bring his suggestions to pass.” The Cleveland News (Republican) rew marks that “Europe should not take Mr. Borah too seriously; too often he speeks for himself only.” The Topeks Dally Capital (Republican) states that “the most that can be said for his gestion is that it is premature and considered.” The Hartford Times (in- dependent Democratic) remarks: “If the world could all be set right at once by a campmeeting of statesmen it would be wonderful. Unhappily, the world is not so sweepingly saved. Sena~ tor Borah's heart is in the right place, although what he wants to accomplish envisions too much for a single con- ference and perhaps for the present e. “At the moment, the country is in mood to adopt the Borah s ] according to the Scranton Times ; Demofnm ir.dwmled the Akron ournal (independent _ Republi points out that “there have m:)., least 39 such conferences since the armistice was signed without producing much effect other than that of anoint- ing Uncle Sam as the chief and | scapegoat of the World War.” The Jer sey City Journal (independent Repub- lican) states that “just now this coun. n;yuflvery decidedly is ‘all from Mig. B ‘The Park Ev (independent Democratic) judgment that “if the ted than | debt the extent of indicating what results will follow he will converts to it in this coun ranks of those who have Europe keep its solemn obligations.” The Ottawa Zoo. From the Boston Evening Transcrint. News from Ottawa seems to be is ha that