Evening Star Newspaper, April 18, 1932, Page 8

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- {THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY.........April 18, 1932 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor 135' i 114 t M., Lont lnch'fl.' 3 Rate by Carrler Within the City. n Frenine Bigr.o 5c per month pean Office: e a end ders may be sent in by mall Ational 5000, Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. fly and Sunda; 758000 1ma. iy only - ; ; 1mo.. lay only . yr.. $4.00; 1 mo. inday only Member of the Associated Press. The associated Press s exclusively entitled 1o the ‘use for republication of all news dis- atches credited (o it Or not otherwise cred- ted in this paper and aiso the local news ublished herein. ~ All rights of publication of Boecial Gispatches herein are Also Teserved. —_— Heading Off a Stampede. If presented as the only alternative to a straight pay cut, it is probable that the President’s plan for a modified five-day week in the Federal service. and an enforced vacation without pay would prove the more acceptable. As the President says, it establishes the five-day-week principle, maintains the present salary scale, protects the low- est of the low-paid employes and pro- vides a method by which thousands of employes, otherwise threatened with loss of jobs entirely, may be kept in service. These are undoubtedly ad- vantages over the pay-cut plan. But it is yet to be demonstrated that either the drastic and arbitrary pay cut, or the enforced vacation without pay, which might as well be candidly described as a pay cut in disguise, are necessary. The revenue bill has not been enacted. The total revenue to be | produced from taxes remains a matter of conjecture as long as fundamental principles of taxation, yet unsettled, re- main in doubt. The appropriation bills are only getting started through Con- gress. But what has become obvious to everybody now is that the rela- tively small saving to be effected through cutting governmental salaries, a saving that will probably be less than five per cent of the budget, is throwing into the background the far more im- portant savings to be brought about through well conceived plans for elim- inating waste by combinations and amalgamations of various bureaus and establishments engaged in kindred work. Is it worth while thus to jeopardize the whole economy program by bringing up this salary business? It will prove & subject of continued controversy, as the increasing number of those who oppose this sort of economy will fight against it to the last ditch. The Presi- dent’s economy bill has already brought & sharp reply from Chairman McDuffie of the House Economy Committee, who challenges the estimates of savings and thus centers attention on a fight be- tween the legislative and executive branches of the Government, instead of on the unanimity that exists between them on other phases of governmental economy. The Federal salary scheme should be sidetracked and put out of the way, considered only as & last resort against en or telep! y | sailed by foreign and domestic foes, the transport of supplies in Banditry and civil war have crippled such rail lines as exist in the interior and the facilities for the care and distribution of food and ma- terials for the rehabilitation of the stricken people are virtually non-ex- istent. ‘The other day warning was given from Shanghai that unless certain en- gineering works were at once pressed to, completion in the Yangtze valley there would surely be a repetition of the dis- astrous floods that swept that area last Summer, causing an untold loss of life and an unmeasured destruction of prop- erty. The government at Nanking, as- little use in emergencies. impotent in the emergency. ‘There is apparently no organization to! effect either emergency relief, as in| this present catastrophe in Hupeh, or protective safeguards against the peren- nial enemy, the Yangtze. The Hupeh earthquake, with its as yet uncounted toll of death, may be merely a fore- runner of an even greater horror when the rains come in flooding volume and cover hundreds of thousands of square miles of territory. — e Prohibition Referendum. The movement for inclusion of planks in the Democratic and Republican na- tional platforms calling for a reference to the people of the vexed issue of national prohibition grows apace. More particularly has it been given impetus in recent days by statements of out- standing and undisputed “drys” and by the action of the Republican State Oon- vention of Missouri. When former Gov. Harry Flood Byrd of Virginia, who has supported the cause of prohibition for many yeass, at the Jefferson day ban- quet of the Democrats last Wednesday produced a plan for the submission of the liquor question to popular votes in the individual States he created a sen- sation. More recently Secretary Arthur M. Hyde of the Department of Agri- culture, returning from the Missouri Republican Convention, announced that he would not be opposed to the proposal of that convention for a referendum on prohibition. 8o another ardent dry Jjoined the movement. Even more aston- ishing, however, was the statement of Bishop James Cannon, jr., that he is in agreement on “basal” proposals con- tained in the Byrd plan for a referen- dum. Bishop Cannon, however, makes it very clear that he is opposed to having the matter included in the national political platforms, insisting that pro- hibition has no place in party politics. If both the Republican and the Demo- cratic parties should write into their platforms at their Chicago conventions planks that substantially agree to a referendum, the prohibition issue might to some extent be eliminated from the national campaign. This is an ac- complishment which politicians in Re- publican and Democratic camps alike would like to see. It is true that if President Hoover personally should espouse the dry cause while declaring himself not opposed to a national | referendum, while his Democratic op- ponent for the presidency at the same time should declare himself for repeal of the eighteenth amendment, the issue | would be drawn between the two can- didates, just as it was when Hoover and Smith made the race in 1928, al- though party platforms of Republicans and Democrats then made no sugges. tion of a referendum or change in the national prohibition laws. Some of the drys who are now favor- ing a referendum of the liquor ques- tion to a vote of the people are firmly convinced that in such case their cause would triumph overwhelmingly. And contingencies that have not, as yet, pre- sented themselves. There can be no constructive economy in deluding em- ployers throughout the Nation into the belief that through cutting down wages business will be revived. There can be nothing more disastrous st this time than a paniclike rush to tear down the vast governmental machine in order to remove some of the parts that may glitter too much in these dull times. Some of the moves to reduce govern- mental expense resemble & stampede more than anything else, and the re- sulting dust is already assuming omi- nous proportions, liable to obscure ‘what is really being done to speed eco- nomic recovery. — eae—— An income tax will find increased ap- proval if it can be made a means of collecting taxes due from bootleggers. ‘The law coldly insists on the very straightforward idea that “income” is “income,” however derived. Revenues may possibly be made substantially greater by renewed vigilance concern- ing a great number of trick profiteering devices usually overlooked. —— Disaster in China. A dispatch from Hankow, China, states that on the 6th of this month | an earthquake occurred in the north- eastern section of the Province of Hupeh which took a “terrible toll” of lives, “several tens of thousands of per- sons perishing.” The reports are “slow- | 1y trickling” into Hankow, the capital of the province, which is in the heart of China proper. The devastated re- glon is only from fifty to ninety miles distant from Hankow, but twelve days elapsed after the quake before the tid- ings came. A railroad traverses the eastern section of Hupeh, a north-south line communication with Peiping, the westernmost of the few rail lines in China, but it 15 not known whether it s in operation. Civil wars have raged in that area for several seasons, and it is altogether likely that the line has been demoralized. At any rate, here again is a demonstration of the fact that China’s central, northern and ‘western sections are almost as isolated from communication with the seaboard portions as is the heart of Africa from the coast of that continent. This is the latest of a series of dis- asters of great magnitude that have afflicted Central China during the past few years, the news of which did not resch the coast for weeks after the happenings. In 1928 such a catastrophe occurred in Shansi, only a few hundred miles west ol Peiping, many “tens of thousands” perishing from an eerth- quake, or land slip, tidings of which came weeks afterward. Relief. works were at once undertaken, but the food and supplies necessary for the succor of the survivors did not get to the scene. for more than two months, ‘There are but few telegraph lines in some of them are beginning to wonder if they were not mistaken when they opposed an earlier referendum on the question. If they had themselves forced a referendum a few years ago there seems little doubt that.the coun- try would have gone again overwhelm. ingly dry. Such action might have efTectually silenced the wets for a long time to come. The demand of ardent drys that the door be closed to any submission of the liquor question to the people has been obviously a mistake. In effect it denies to the people the right to vote on a question in which so many of them have manifested a great and con- suming interest. It is difficult for any group of leaders, wets or drys, to main- tain that the people have no right to pass on such a question. The drys themselves argued at length, when the resolution for the submission of the! eighteenth amendment to the States| was before Congress, that the people, have a right to aecide the matter. The | wets today are using similar arguments and are quoting from the dry leaders of 1917 to support their contention that | the prohibition question should be sub- mitted to the people. | Drys argue that prohibition should | not be made a political issue. Perhaps | they mean that it should rot be made an issue in a presidential campaign. For certainly prohibition has been made & political issue in congressional elec- tions for many years, and made an| issue by the dry organizations them- selves, who have indorsed or opposed candidates for Senator and Representa- tive according to their attitude toward national prohibition. Prohibition will continue to be a political issue in con- | gressional contests throughout the coun- try this year, no matter what may be | ineluded in the national party platforms ' of the Republicans and the Democrats, | It will b» made an issue by the wets as | well as the drys. e ‘The democracy has further opportu- nity for a brilliapt display of oratory by means of a grand get-together din- ner. ——— Russo-Japanese War Clouds Under the heading, “Warning to Provocateurs,” Pravda, Moscow news- paper, which speaks the voice of the Kremlin, has just published an article which breathes an unmistakably belli- cose mood toward Japan. Mr. Walter Duranty, astute correspondent of the New York Times in Moscow, refuses to believe in either the imminence or prob- ability of another Russo-Japanese war He interprets Pravda’s unprecedentedly | firm tone rather as an indication that | the red bear now considers itself strong enough to show its teeth and that Japan | henceforward runs the risk of feeling their impact. Combined with recent concentrations of military strength in Siberia and the maritime provinces, the the interior of that vast country and those that have been established break down in any convulsion of the earth. ‘The roads are little more than mud Wmmcks, hopeless in wet weather and of From the outset this country has it's so scarce.” official newspaper's language is of ob- vious significance. The following excerpt speaks for it- self: | The gangsters gayly gather loot | Oh, when co we get over it? | Ho, G STAR, WASHINGTO carried on s firm of non-inter- vention and neutrality in the Man- affair, but the pacifism of the Union of Socialist Soviet Re- publics is to be taken and utilised by Japanese imperialists as proof of our weakness and incapacity to defend our borders, so much the worse for them. We have fought invaders before and if needs be we will fight them again. And let that be remembered by those frantic Japanese militarists who are seeking an iasue from the deadlock into which the Manchurian adventure has led them. Mr. Duranty narrates that “the Ja- |8r® panese must know the power and equipment of the Soviet Far Eastern military establishment. This is con- sidered the ‘healthiest’ factor in the whole situation. The ‘frantic Japanese militarists' of whom Pravda speaks might risk a fresh adventure against & weak opponent, as the U. S. 8. R. would have been six months ago. Today it is a different story.” Meantime there is curiosity as to the true inwardness of General Ma's arri- val on Soviet soil. It was this Chinese military leader whose faint-hearted re- sistance paved the way for Japan's can- non-ball rush through Manchuria last Fall. He was rewarded by being made war minister of “independent” Man- choukuo, but recently renounced that post and is mow at Blagovestchensk. From that safe Russian refuge he has just telegraphed Lord Lytton, chairman | of the League of Nation's commission of inquiry, violently attacking Japanese activities in Manchuria. — oo In the heat of campaign oratory the fact is likely to be forgotten that this year was dedicated to the recognition of George Washington as the greatest of Americans. It may require a little expert stage management to protect even the Father of His Country in a just claim to the spotlight. -———— In view of present plans for pay cur- tailments, there is likely to be cause for more complaint than ever that Govern- ment compensation is not sufficiently at- tractive to prevent private employment from offering superior inducements to Uncle Sam’s best talent. e When the New York Stock Exchange mentions the possibility of moving out of the country some habitual loser is likely to refer to the suggestion as one of those good ideas that ought to have been thought up sooner. r———— There can be no doubt that the Demo- cratic convention will be so dynamic as to put an end to any impression that it is sssembled merely to award a de- cision in a Smith-Roosevelt contest. et If many manufacturers in Ireland de- decide to reduce pay rolls if insurgency is continued, it will be made clear that if business is to be successful, it must be strictly attended to by all concerned. — e K Another characteristic indication of John Philip Sousa’s whole-heartedness toward his public was that his always popular compositions never had to be presented “by permission of the original copyright owners.” — vt —————— Tt is fortunate that President Hoo- ver's renomination may be regarded as a foregone conclusion. The imm-=diate cares of his office would leave him but little time for the work of preparing for competition. — e Electric lights have been placed in the Summer home of Calvin Coolidge. ‘This may imply that Mr. Coolidge is preparing to remain home in comfort and read the campaign editorials and speeches. = ——— ‘Word that the Lindbergh baby is still alive will be received by the public as real news pending definite results of ne- gotiations with kidnapers. s Steamships are reducing fares. As events are developing, America this year is likely to prove more interesting and educational than Europe. e A homicide may have provocation 50 atrocious as to need no psychoanalyst to suggest temporary insanity as the cause. " 5HOO >a——— TING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Quitting Time. When April Fool came round once more We met it as in days of yore, And made believe, as best we could, Rough jokes were humorously good. 1f some one lost a leg or arm We laughed and said we meant no harm. This tendency now seems unfit— Oh, when do we get over it? And think it funny when they shoot. We grin when rioting appears, Our laughing gas moves us to tears. This April Fool prolongs its rule And days that should be warm are cool. The joke's too long. It's time to quit.| Impetuous Campaigning. “Do you think you might appeal to| the collegiate vote by making your talk | more classical?"” “I'm afraid to try it." answered Sen- ator Sorghum. “My more conservative | constituents might be afraid the boys would become so enthusiastic as to go further and start one of these student riots in my behalf.” Jud Tunkins says it seems wrong for | a policeman to be a plain clothes man while the gangster is such a fancy dresser, Robot Smugglers. The jumping Jack is laid aside. Narcotics in the play toys hide, And even dolls, to tell the truth, Are not fit company for youth. Advice. “He is constantly giving me costly presents,” said the ingenue. “Then hesitate about marrying him,” said Miss Cayenne. “It is usually easier | to collect jewelry than alimony.” “Choose friends with care,” said Hi the sage of Chinatow: ‘Unless you can be sure of them, you cannot be sure of yourself.” .. Elucidation Required. When daylight saving days appear We'll* be too early or too late, And bring up something more, we fear, For Congress to investiga “An economist, far’s I kin hear,” said Uncle Eben, “is & man dat's so smart! he kin get money for explainin’ why 3 D. O, MONDAY, APRIL 18, 1932. BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Napoleonics, some ome has called m. ‘Their plan of action in life is to kee) other pebple continually on the defen- alve. They utilize, often unconsciously, the at Napoleon's maxim about the de- sirability of keeping the offenaive. ‘The defense, he said, is & good offensive. “Getting the jump on the other fel-! low,” it is called commonly. In the broad processes of every-day living this little game is mostly played with words. ‘The idea is to put the worst possible construction on something some one else says, so that he will rush to defend himself against sentiments forced upon him. * * * K Let us take a real instance and see how the thing works out. It is very interesting. Here we have two people discussing books. “1 am reading So-and-80,” sqys one, with & rolling of the eves. “I can scarcely wait to go on with it, it is so beautifully done.” “Do you know why you like it so well?" asks the other. 8ilence greets this remark. If the lady had known, of course, she would have said so. But, not knowing, she very wisely kept silent. “The gentieman who wrote that book,” went on the other, “has used scores of sentences from the journals of | the great man about whom he wrote. “In finding his book great, therefore, you are praising the subject of this biography, who really wrote half of the book himself many years ago. The writer of the volume has simply made a very clever and ingenious mosaic.” * ok ox % And what do you think the lady re- plied? You would be a babe in the wood in respect to these tactics, dear reader, if you thought for a second that she ex- pressed any surprise or gave any one time to see that the whole thing was news to her. Being an expert Napoleonic, she im- mediately carried the attack to the nemy, “And what's wrong with that?” she bristled. Not having sald that there was any- thing wrong with ii at all, the other immediately recognized the old game of carrying the battle off on a false scent. An argument had been created, and he had very neatly been placed in a position he had neither made nor chosen—that of declaring that there was something wrong with the use of another man's very words, word for word, without so much as a single foot note or explanatory paragraph. * ok % Let us see what the lady in the case had done. By creating an argument where there was no argument she had kept any by stander—except of unusual shrewd- ness—from realizing that she had never read the 10 or 12 bulky journals of the great man, She thus made it unnecessary for her to offer her thanks to the other for his information. She carefully refrained from giving him credit for a decent motive for his remarks—that of the interest of a booklover in books and of a decent man in the truth—and set -him up on the instant as making & charge which he had not intended to make. But where there is so much smoke there must be some fire. as the old say- ing puts it. This episode started the other to thinking. These Napoleonics always operate on the same old plan. They bristle up to defend whatever they sense is wrong, usually in them- selves, and thus often go on to defend what s wrong in others. They give themselves away. * ok x % No wonder the lady liked the book about the Great Man. The Great Man practically wrote it! WASHIN BY FREDERIC Secretary of Agriculture Hyde's sup- His sentences might be disjoined and battered, changed somewhat in cer- tain cases to fit the pattern of the new mosaic, but nevertheless they r enough of the master to wnvl;::on. He was one greatest. Every reader was to know, aé this lady knew, that here was something excep- tional. Not every one was to know why. And thus many a reader does and wil believe that the entire effect of the on it as author. An exactly analogous effect would | have been achieved by William Tyler Page with his “American’s Creed,” that sterling compilation of trenchant phrases from the great documents of American history, if he had failed to anruc-u from or:h“ sources he had rawn every word. Mr. Page, however, carefully so indi- cated, and no school child or elder who recites the creed fails to realize the sources of it. Truth is ys beautiful, even if it requires foot notes. | * X K K | We have given this incident at length | because it illustrates so beautifully the | habit of the Napoleonics in carrying the onslaught to the enemy. The mysterious thing about them is that they so invariably put & poor con- struction on what their “enemies” say and do. Perhaps this is not mysterious at all, but simply a part of the necessities of the case. If one must find fault, one must find | something to find fault about. And if there is nothing, or at least nothing quickly apparent, one must think up something immediately, or make up something on the spur of the | moment, must one not? * x kX Putting the worst rather than the better construction on the motives of others is an easy thing to do. First, you have to be suspicious; sec- ond, you must doubt yourself and your own abilities and knowledge; third, you should be jealous, and, fourth, you must betslruid that some one will find you out. The Napoleonic combines four of the worst traits of human kind—fear, sus- piclon, jealousy and doubt. The growth of this breed, honeycqmbed throughout | the social structure of the world, no | doubt has helped on the universal de- | pression. ‘ “The guilty flee when no man pur- sueth,” said a Wise Book, “but the | righteous are bold as an lion. | If guilt is in one’s own heart, if the desire for fleeing. if the understanding of the necessity for flight is present in | the mind—the very first sounds which | greet the still air of the inner places of | mind and heart will throb like the | great drums of doom. | __There is no human being, however good, who has not at some time trans- | gressed in some way or other and who has not, although perhaps in a very small way, understood what Solomon meant when he wrote, “The gullty flee |when no man pursueth but the | righteous are as bold as an lion.” It's a great sentence, one of the greatest of all. If people would |attempt to understand it and then live up to such understanding .of | it as they had acquired, there can be | little doubt that suspicion, jealousy, doubt and fear would not find the lodging places they now find so easily in so many human breasts. The world is ill at ease because of guilt, not so much a gullt implanted at the begin- ning as guilt constantly built up in the very processes of living. You can't be | unfair and be happy. Typical Napo- ilmnlca are not happy. They may read | the story of the Great Man, but they scarcely will take to heart the lesson his life teaches, becarse they do not | possess the ability or the desire to apply | it to themselves. The world goes round |and round. and the truth is daily placed | before millions, but they think it is for | other people. Carry the attack to the enemy! Run him before he runs you! But one thus flees, even when attacking. GTON OBSERVATIONS WILLIAM WILE. | Bingham of Connecticut. The feud etained o the wonlgs | These work is due to the man whose name is " port of a prohibition referendum Lm-‘gx'ew out of an attempt by Maj. Gen. mensely heartens the wets, and Repub- | James E. Fechet, retired chief of the lican wets in particular. It also lends[Army Air Corps, to interest members corroborative evidence to the steadily | of the corps’ reserve in adequate appro- crystallizing theory that President | Hoover has become “open-minded” on | the subject. Secretary Hyde's readiness | to have the voters reconsider it aligns him with three other Hoover cabinet members—Secretary of War Hurley, | Secretary of the Treasury Mills and Postmaster General Brown—who are rated strong advocates of a wet plank | in the 1932 G. O. P. platform. Messrs. ! Hurley, Mills and Brown are Mr. Hoo- ver’s closest cabinet advisers in a politi- cal sense. Brown was the captain of the Hoover pre-convention forces in 1928, and Mills was attached to the high command at Kansas City. Hur- ley is today the administration's princi- pal public spokesman. With Hyde out tor a referendum, nearly half the cabi- net has gone wet. Predictions are now rampant that the hour approaches. when the President will cause it to be known that he does not seek to impose his own views at Chicago in June, but, like a good partv soldier, will accept what- | ever prohibition plank the convention adopts. Things seems to be moving all along the liquor line. X% & Col. Amos W. W. Woodcock, director of the Prohibition Bureau. now has under lock and key the first official census of New York City's speakeasies. He has just returned from a survey of it with his special force of Manhattan | enforcement agents. Sixty agents com pleted the census im just five days. “We're no longer guessing at the num- ber of speakeasies in New York.” the cojonel says, “because we know.” He adds that the figures will not be made public “until after very mature con- sideration,” on the theory that “if we vere at war, I'd hardly begin my work elling the enemy how much we knew.” That smacks of an impending campalgn against Gotham's most pop- ular and prosperous resorts. Former Police Commissicner Grover Whalen es- | timated that in his time, a couble of years ago, there were 32.000 speakeasies in what is now being called “Blue York.” The suggestion of forthcoming | raids is supported by the circumstance that while in the big city Col. Wood- | cock held a protracted pow-wow with United States Aitorney George Z. Medalie. * ok ok * | Organized labor, which was enthusi- | astic over the arrival of Justice Ben- | jamin N. Cardozo on the Supreme Court bench, is rejoicing that his maid- en opinions fully justify confidence in his liberalism. Justice Cardozo's first official_act last week was to write & | dissenting opinion, in which he was jotned by Justices Brandeis and Stone, Before the day was over the court divded on two other occasions, - with Cardozo, Brandeis and Stone on the same side. In one of the cases the| baby member of the bench was with the majority, which included Chief Justice Hughes and Justice Roberts be- | American foreign service for the third | It has just drafted Dr. Dana G. Munro, |coast at San Pedro. The priations for military aviation. Gen. Fechet became national defense editor of the Aero Digest when he quit the Army last year. “The Confessional Record” charges Senator Bingham with distorting Gen. Fechet’s activities, and, by way of retaliation. rakes up the Senate’s censure of Bingham in No- vember, 1929, in connection with tariff lobbying. The Senator is also accused of abusing his franking privilege “to attack the cause of aviation.” * k% % Princeton University has raided the time during theé past couple of years. United States Minister to Haltl, as pro- fessor of Latin American history and affairs. Dr. Munro was formerly chief of the Latin American division at the State Department. His father is al- ready a member of the Princeton faculty, De Witt Clinton Poole left the foreign service with the rank of coun- selor of embassy in 1930 to become the head of Princeton’s new college of pub- lic affairs. Last year Tyler Dennett resigned as historical adviser of the State Department to join the history faculty at Old Nassau. Xk % % Although American railroads are weathering the stormiest times in their history, the Interstate Commerce Com- mission has just been asked to approve the most spectacular scheme of rail- road building launched in a decade. It is submitted by the Denver Pacific Rallroad Co. and contemplates the con- struction of 825 miles of brand-new road from the Rockles to the harbor of San Pedro, Callf. The promoter is Coleman Crenshaw of Salt Lake City. The projected line strikes nearly straight west to the coast by way of Glenwood Spring and Moab, Utah, south to the boundary between Utah and Arizona, and then either north or south of the Grand Canyon National Park. Beyond the k_the line runs through the Imperial Valley to the promoier claims the road will be 600 miles short- °r than some now in use, and that when Boulder Dam s bullt transcontinental hauls should be providing $45,000,000 of eastbound traffic the first year, T During the recent appearance of President Whitney of the New York The Political Mill By G. Gould Lincoln. At another and belated “Jefferson day dinner,” Gov. Franklin D. Roosevelt of New York is expected tonight to Mvflrymllor‘l]; mmubemocr-uc Hial nomination, Alred £ Serin are getting rovide forums at tic dinners to be lnehlblt. l’l‘:‘" which Democratic leaders may lambaste the Republicans and each u{her. H‘r‘ Smith promised to take off his coat and vest and fight to a finish any can- didate for the Democratic presidential nomination who persisted in making es aligning the masses against the rich at this time, at the Jefferson day dinner in Washington last Wednes- day. His lrech Was interpreted as a direct attack on Roosevelt, whose radio address earller declaring in favor of the forgotten man" and the “little man" was supposed to be Mr. Smith's par- ticular target. Gov. Roosevelt did not come to the Washington dinner., He chose rather to travel to territory which is more friendly to his candidacy, the West. And tonight he will have his innings. If he takes a swat at Mr. Smith he will at least have the defense that he was first attacked by Smith as a dem; e. The interest which the Roosevelt-Smith row has developed is intense. At present it has wiped almost everything else off the Democratic boards. But when it all simmers down, the only qu it raises is can Smith prevent the nomination of Roosevelt for President. No one expects Mr. Smith to be nominated himself any more. * % x % A great deal has been writte: 1t the Smith following around the roumiey A8 THE EVE 2 2 2 2 ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. The resources of our free information bureau are at your service. You are in- vited to call upon it as often as you please. It is being maintained solely to serve . What question can we an- swer {:uynu? ‘There is no charge at all except 2 cents in coin or stamps for return postage. Address your letter to The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, ‘Washing- ton, D. C. . What kind of cages were first u.leqd in basket ball>—C. I. A. The first w:& ::; xtnlll"tw:e-l ch bask nera’ ::‘:rmdm( in that ers. Thus the | game got its name. Q. Is there a bill 1 ing all l’:m!&u‘d lant suA‘.“';‘he General Land Office says that there are several bills being considered to turn the Federal public land back to the States which will accept it. Federal Government will reiain the mineral rights, however, ard it is thought that very few of the States will care to take the land back unless the mineral rights are also returned. There has been no legislation enacted along this line up to ‘:u'_ ‘What was the cost of the locks on Q iver?—J. J. H. m’A.or';!geRbD Jocks on the Ohio River between Pittsburgh and Cairo were constructed at a cost exceeding $100,- 000,000. Q. What did Thomas Jefferson have to do n prospect turn- ds back to the —about the 15,000,000 votes that were | T. S. cast for Mr. 8mith, while President Hoover was rolling up approximately 22.000.000 votes. In every contest that has arlsen so far in widely separated States where Smith locked horns with Roosevelt. Bmith has come off second best, even in States where Smith was believed to be particularly strong, as in Wisconsin and Maine and New Hamp- shire. There has been no ground swell among the voters for Smith. Indeed, the ground swell, if there is any, has been for Roosevelt. The Rooseveit Democrats do not believe that the Smith attack on Roosevelt is to have an il effect on the prospects of their candi- date. Indeed. they believe that it will help Roosevelt in the long run. The point they make is that Smith has presented himself to the American pul- lic as the defender of the rich, while Roosevelt has been pictured as a de- fender of the poor. This may be en- tirely unjust. But it is the picture which the anti-Smith, pro-Roosevclt Democrats are painting. * x x x Roosevelt. tonight will speak in Min- nesota where. the delegation to the | Democratic National Convention was instructed for him not so long ago, much to the disguest of the Smith and anti-Roosevelt following. It may be that he will content himself with merely continuing his interest in the “for- gotten man” and let it go at that, without any attack upon Smith himself. Every knock, it has been said, is a boost. And Smith’s knock at Roosevelt seems to have boosted Roosevelt's chances with many people. Roosevelt has kept let under many attacks by opfnoslng its and has lost no- thing in so doing. If he comes out and delivers a slashing attack on Smith to- night, he will merely succeed in adding to the fire which is already burning fiercely enough. * kX ‘The trip of Gov. Roosevelt into the West to deliver his first political speech since he openly announced his candi- dacy fcr the Democratic presidential nomination raises momentarily the question of & running mate for Roose- velt if he becomes the Democratic nominee. If the North and East is to have the presidential nominee, the vice presidential nominee probably will go to some other sections—to the West, the Middle West or to the South. Ohio, probably, wculd be the ideal State for a Democratic vice presidential candi- date to run with Roosevell. When in 1920 Ohio had the Democratic presi- dential candidate the Democrats picked Rcosevelt himself as the running mate of the then Gov. James M. Cox of Ohio. That same year the Republican presi- dential nomination went to the late President Harding, also from Ohilo, and the Republicans turned to Coolidge of Massachusetts for Vice President, although it had been planned by the leaders to go farther West to Wisconsin and select the then Senator Irvin Len- Toot of Wisconsin. * ok x ow Ohio, Illinois, Indiana and Missouri all would be good territory in which to pick a running mat> for Roosevelt, the Roosevelt Democrats say. Eome of them would like to go farther South, to Kentucky, for example, where Sena- tor Barkley has thrown his support to Roosevelt and become keynote speaker and temporary chairman of the Demo- cratic national convention. Others would go to Arkansas, where Senator Robinson. the Democratic leader of the Senate and running mate of*Al Smith in 1928, has stepped aside, virtually in favor of Roosevelt. There are those who would like to persuade the Dem- ocratic convention that it should name Speaker John N. Garner of Texas for the vice presidential place, provided, of course, that Mr. Garner would be willing to relinquish his post as Speaker of the House for such a place. * K R X In Ohio the Democrats have several vice presidential possibilities. Newton D. Baker, who is himself mentioned as a dark-horse and long-shot candidate for the presidential nomination, it is #aid by his friends, would add great welght to the Democratic national ticket if he could be persuaded to run with ‘A, James M. Beck, writing on the subject of the Constitution, says that “unfortunately Jeflerson was in France, and therefore could not attend the Con- stitutional Convention.” He adds: “Al- though absent, he (Jefferson) rendered no lnconsldenbllo service u: the l:-‘l'xs: constitutional government, for s :tlfl.ly through his insistence that the Bill of Rights, consisting o{ the first 10 amendments, was adopted.” Q. Should the same bed and table linen be kept in use, or should one's entire stock 2( linen be used in rota- ?—J. P. Z. uo.:. There is quite a difference of opinfon among housekeepers as whether the stock of supplies be used in rotation by always drawing from the bottom and putting the clean on top, or whether a set of three or four of each type of linen be in constant use until worn out. On the whole, the former seems more desirable, as some fabrics deteriorate and yellow with age. Q. Why do men's coats button from left to right?—J. R. H. A. In the days when capes Were worn instead of coats men frequently carried swords hung at the left side under the cape. The cape was held closed from left to right so that the right hand would be free to reach for the sword when necessary. When coats were sub- stituted and swords were not necessary the left side was still lapped over the right because men had become accus- tomed to it. Q. Please explain the English system of dealing with bequests of real estate to institutions—L. D. G. A. The practice of bequeathing or devising lands to the church had be- come from the early centuries after the Norman conquests an increasing bur- den. It was estimated st one time that practically half the land in England was owned either by the church or in- stitutions. Agitation began in the Eng lish Parliament as early as 1279 to deal with the evils arising from this transfer of land. In the reign of George II, 1736, the Mortmain (dead-hand) act vas passed, and this was amended in the reign of Victoria, 1888, by the Mort- main and charitable acts combined, in which no bequest for a charitable use was to involve the acquisition of land. In 1891 the statute was revised to make it possible that land might be be- queathed, but must be soid within a year, unless released from the provi- sions of the act by & commission. ere have been several modifications since. The | with framing the Constitution?— | Q‘.)Whummdnl'?— A. They have lost their popularity in this country, and no kennel or asso- | clation lpeeh.l{l- in the breed. E Q. How much money is spent in drug | stores by the average person’—R. E. K. | A, Market Data says that there are {59 488 retail drug stores located in ap- | proximately 14,000 citles, towns and vil- lages throughout the United States. This is approximately one drug store for every 2000 persons. ave per capita expenditure in drug stores this country is slightly more than $14 and 1s said to be much higher in urban than in rural districts. C. Q. What is an international traveling pass?—F. A. B. A. American driving licenses are not accepted in all the countries of as authority to operate a motor vehicle. Therefore, an international traveling pass, which is a general license for the car and driver, must be obtained. This document is available in most European countries for 12 months from the date of issue, and eliminates the necessity of reregistering the vehicle and obtaining a driving license in each country, thus saving its hoider a great deal of time, trouble and expense. Q. Did the celebration of Pentecost begin with the Christian era?—A. N. A. It had been celebrated by the Jews for generations. It marked the fiftieth day after the Passover, and was a cele- bration or feast of thanksgiving for the harvest. | | Q What is the world’s newest mon- etarv unit?>—W. W. | "A_ Within the month the Union of South Alrica, which beretofore used the English currency system of pounds, shillings and pence, has set up & new | unit, called the rand. In addition & silver double florin, a silver florin whivt divides into 100 bronze cents, 50-cent pleces of silver and silver 20 and 10 | cent pleces, as well as bronze coins worth 1, 2 and 4 South African cents are provided. The rand is a gold coln | having a value equivalent to 10 florins or 2 British shillings or 50 cents in | American money. A South African cent |is worth half what an American cent o | is worth. How is the name “Lescault” pro- nounced?—J. D. | A. It is pronounced as if spelled | “les ki Q. How can we get rid of big black roaches in our cellar>—R. L. A. The Bureau of Entomology says that one of the most effective, simple means of ridding premises of roaches is dusting with commercial sodium flour= ide, either pure or diluted one-half with some inert substance, such as powdered gypsum or flour. Q. What part of our country was once known as the Western Reserve?— G. J. C. A. The Western Reserve, or Connec- ticut Reserve, was that portion of the Northwest Territory reserved by Cons necticut, when in 1786 that State ceded to the United States other parts of the territory claimed under the charter of | 1662, which granted to Connecticut land limited east and west by the sea. This section of land is what is now included in the northeastern part of Ohio. It was all the territory between latitude 41 and 43 degrees 2 minutes north and from the western 0.” Q. Where is the highway which has been named for Sergt. York-—J. D. B. A. The Alvin C. York Highway is in | the Cumberland Mountains of Tennes- | see, extending across Fentress County. In Jamestown, the county seat, is the high school known as the Alvin C. York Institute. Q. What does one pay to use a radio Jmm%"l::da’;uv:ixv; Co. re. A I . Te- | e i, Tl ey iye&:l&l icense or permit to use a radio. Europe’s Needsn I;foclaimed As Danube Conference Fails Old rivalries in Europe are seen to such circumstances the London confer- be the chief cause of disagreement li“ the Danubian Conference in Londau‘ fails to accomplish anything in the di- | rection of progress. Comment in this country, however, emphasizes the need of some future consolidation of inter- | ests because of intolerable conditions that must be eliminated. “An international conference, wher- ever held and for whatever reason. | thinks the Wall Street Journal, “must | be understood to be only an innocent game of chess, with no stakes. This | Danubiun Conference followed the form | now prescribed in advence for such af- | fairs by arraying the four great powers attending it into the usual two g'mupx‘ each of which conscientiously avolded yielding anything which might hlw.’} the awkward effect of producing a practical result. No responsible min- ister of state can afford to risk his of- fice by returning home from a talk- 25t to report that he made a conces- sion.” The whole situation is described by the St. Joseph Gazette with the state- ment of the conflicting Interests: “The ! French plan for an economic federa- tion among' the Danubian states— Austria, Hungary, Jugoslavia, Czecho- | slovakia end Rumania—originally ig- | nored Germany, but looked to Great | ce was bound to fail.” ““The inevitable facing of realities was only postponed at London,” declares the Chicago Daily News, assuming that col- lapse of the conference “indicates clearly that political and economic rivalries arising out of the post-war settlements still predominate in Eurorpe." The News continues: “Its failure must be regarded as a discouraging omen. It is true that on the eve of the conference France reached some sort of unde: standing with Greet Britain regardin Danubian policy, but that bridging of an old chasm merely strengthened the ties between Italy and Germany as og- ponents of any measure which might extend French influence in Central Eu- rope. Still, if Austria and Hungary are to obtain desperately nceded loans, Prance in all probability must advance them, and the French are as realistic in lending money as they are in govern- ing. They would scarcely risk loans to Austria and Hungary without political guarantees that would be viewed by Germany and Italy as unfavorable to their ideas concerning the reconstruce tion of Central Europe. Neither Ger- many nor Italy can lend the Danubian states the funds required, and American and British bankers who flooded that part of Europe with money must im- potently contemplate the melting away en Steck Exchange before the Ssnate Banking and Currency Committee, a Woman spectator, who evidently had an out-of-town guest in tow, pointed to Senator Bulkley, Democrat, of Ohio, and said: “That's Senator Steiwer of Oregon--the best-looking man in the Senate.” * ok k¥ Now that Controller General McCarl hss acquired the diplomatic service as Lis latest enemy, by disallowing the | cost ) sides Brandeis and Stone. In-another, | of ?;fl::m'fighfi'fim'n"fi: ol‘l‘l‘:; the minority dissenters consisted of | incite some of the constitutional law- Cardoro, Stone,- Brandeis and: Roberts. ! yers with which the service bristles to Labor, organ of the railroad brother- | agiiate for his removal. The autocrat hoods, savs: “It-was freelv predieted- of expense accounts holds office under that Justice Cardczo, like his prede- |a 13-year appointment expiring in 1936. cessor, Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Lawyers contend that, acc to a another famous liberal and ‘great dis- | contemporary Supreme Court decision, senter' would ‘line up in most cases the President's right to appoint carries with Brandeis and Stone. He has cer- | with it the right to remove. One of tainly started out that way.” these days somebody whom McCarl has * k% % irked may try to get Mr. Hoover (or Washingtonians are in receipt of Mr. Roosevelt) to pry the controller what looks like a reprint from the general loose from his job. Congressional Record, but which turns (Copyright, 1932.) be pamphlet entitled “The A and s Case of “Frozen Assets.” Aero Digest, which cream plant has falied. An- War on Senator Hiram|other case of “fromen assets.” : ~ E‘Nhhnrof Britaln and Italy for support. Great Britain brought Germany into the Lon- don parley, well knowing that the scheme had no chance of success unless the largest single trader with Roosevelt. Then there is Gov. George White, who will have the Ohio delega- tion with him when the convention as- sembles for the presidential nomination. It is not considered likely that James Germany, M. Cox, who was the party standard- | the ‘Little Five' and the political parent bearer in 1920, would be willing to re- of Austria, was consulted. Virtvally the verse the ticket of that year and be & 'only hope of accomplishing anything running mate as vice presidential can- was found in the desperate plight of the didate with Roosevelt in 1932, Cox, 'Little Five'—so desperate that it was too, has his lightning rod up, just in gravely feared financial collapse would case anything should happen to tie up result. with world-wide repercussions the coming national convention of the ensuing. And now this hope is fading. Democrats and the convention should although the ravages of tarlff wars in be compelled to pick a compromise can- Southeastern Europe continue unabated didate. Finally, there is Senator Rob- 'The French want to keep the peace ert J. Bulkley of Ohio, the Democrat treaties intact, and would like to re- who carried the State by a big vote in establish the entente. The British would 1930. Bulkley is a young and vigorous like to reconstitute the old balance of man It is true that he is up for re- power, with themselves the chief bal- election as Senator this year, and the ancers. The Germans want the treaties Democrats would like to continue him revised and the way cleared for the re- in that body if they can. But the constitution of Mittle Europa. Italy probabilities are that if it becomes nec- | wants the treaties revised that she ma: essary to take a vice presidential can- ! expand. And so every prpject, no mal didate from the Buckeye State, Bulkley | ter how local and pressing it may be, will be given serious consideration. is swamped between these irreconcilia- * x ko ble aims.” If the Democrats should go still| “One remembers” says the Birming- farther West for their vice presidential | ham Age-Herald, “the truculent objec- candidate, to run with Roosevelt, there tion registered by Prance when the are Senator Dill of Washington and | German-Ausician customs union Was Senstor Wheeler of Montana, not to|broached, Jere were two peoples closely mention Senator Walsh, also of the lat- | allied in speech and blood who were to State. Dill and Wheeler have been gool their economic hopes and resources. 1y and ardent supporters of the | But Paris said, ‘No' sud had its way. Roosevelt candidacy for President.| The Atlc-mnld sdds: “Now France Neither of them is up for re-election | urges its own brand of economic union, this year, nor is Senator Walsh. They | in which Austria is included. In short. could make the race without having to | Berlin has confirmed its suspicions forego a senatorial nomination this year.| as to the Gallic interest in Austri * X x ¥ Having the money whiplash, France is into Jouett Shouse, chalrman of the' Seen a3 trying to lure the Austrians Executive Committee of the Democratic :!bk‘““ n: O!rm&ny- "l’n 83? n:]:‘:’ National Committee and of the Com- B e Denatin mittee on Arrengements for the Demo- Would gain nothing from the Danublan cratic National Convention, has just Union. Therefore, they oppose It Fo! Sent Cout matices by the varlous Siate the same reason of exiusion Italy de- Celzgations to the ccnvention that they Clines to approve the enterprise. Under should pick their members of the Plat-' form Committee and have them meet in Chicago to begin work on the plat- out all-night sessions, which have some- form on June 23, four days before the | times becen necessary in the past. It convention meets. This in accord with | is understood that there may be con- a resoluticn adopted by the Committes | siderable controversy over what is and on Arrangements a couple of weeks| what is not to go into the platform ago, a_resolution proposed by Harry|Mr. Shouse is the selection of the Cim- Flood Byrd, former Governor of Vir- ' mittee on Arrangements for permanent ginia. The ‘adoption of this plan would | chairman of the Democratic Nati:n-l make it possible for the Platform Com- | Convention in Chi His appoint- mittee to get down to work early and ment to that office, the e B SN e B T > | of the proceecs of their loans. They | cannot control the rivalries of Central | Europe, nor can they lend additional | suws to governments floundering in budgetary morasses.” “The failure to agree is not so repre- hensible as it might be if the issue were | simpler,” in the judgment of the Spring- field (Mass.) Republican, while the Oak- land Tribune points out that “there cannot be any economic coalition of the Danube countries without the permi-sion of the leading powers, and that permis- sion, it would appear. is not to be ex- | tended without a great deal of delibera- tion.” That paper feels that “the hope —and it is not offered as a large one— is that continued negotiations through the League Council at Geneva may ad- vance the cause.” The Columbia (8. C.) State holds that such a union of the Danubian states as is proposed “should | help tremendously in the free inter- | change of products and in the reciprocal | aid of one another”; that it “would be | & great help also to the rest of Europe, | if In no other way than by lifting the immense burdens that now crush her.” “It is certain,” in the opinion of the Hamilton (Ontario) Spectator, “that the tariff barriers between the various | Danublan states will be considerably | lowered. Some go 50 far as to predict | that & customs union in Central Europe might _eventually develop 50 as to in- | clude Prance, Germany and Italy, and | thus give birth to & ‘United States of Europe,’ the project so dear to the heart of the late M. Briand.” “A tariff union exclud states the Newark Evening News, wouid be an arch without a keystone. So in- terrelated is the commerce of Europe that the present maze of high tariff walls around each state is the chief ob- stacle not only to prosperity but to peace, because it intensifies national feeling and jealousies. It is now being seen that the walls cannot be torn down in spots without making matters worse instead of better. Realization of the need for freeing the flow of commerce is one big step toward Europe's economic union, and on that same path is political union.” Germany.” B A Fish That Winks. From the Detroit News. A naturalist in London reports swever, must b discovery of a fish that winks.

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