Evening Star Newspaper, February 8, 1932, Page 3

MONDAY A Nation in Arms Soviet Education System Molds 60,000,000 Children to Military Pattern Preparing for Next War Without Civilians. BRUAR ICHINESE FETE HERE ‘TW[I BILLS PASSED | 7067 ee;n MARKS NEW YEAR, FORD. C. INHOUSE| ae” “Nesoey strikes 4 e st Night! On Leongs and Hip. Sings{Administrative Changes Win| O™ drug stores are clossd) Bell-ans education for every boy and girl in tne| MOVE So0N to New Head- . Vote, but Bicentennial ‘Why not be safe with Soylet Union quarters on H Street. Plan Is Attacked. BELL‘ANS% on hand . , . Now! The text books have been rewritten FOR INDIGESTION to Loan on ]m present the defense program of the MONEY s bt government in_conspicuous and em- phatic form The system of teaching Construction Loans. L. W. Groomes. 1319 Eve St Dty o] IEUTRAL HNESE TONES REASKE World War By Sef—tt>le. Jaeckel. | Japan’s Pact Revision Move| Includes Demilitarization of Manchuria. JAPANESE ATTACK AT WOOSUNG FALS Advance Halted Following Capture of Part of Village. EORGE F. CURRY (Army serial No. 2397837), private, Com- pany F, 38th Infantry, 3rd Division, American Expedition- ary Force. For extraordinary heroism in action with the enemy near Moulins, France, July 15, 1918. Pvt Curry voluntari took up an aban- doned automatic rifle and with one other solier moved were | to an posed flank {of his piatoon and cpened a continu- cus harassing fire jupon the advanc- their {ing enemy. Al- | though e¢xposed to the direct fire of The writer of this article. the second o series of sir. recently spemt 10 snths in Russia. Having been born fn country. and returning at frequent Is. he is particularly qualified fo e what 15 happening there and to -_— estadblish facts. | By the Associated Press. TOKIO, February 8.—The Japanese | BY ELIAS TOBENKIN. government, for the second time since | 1ts policy in Manchuria and China has| There are 60.000,000 children under been guestionod by foreign governments, | 17 in the Soviet union, a population move: ‘toda‘y rorda rc\']l on of the mnr‘;‘;.—cmcr than that of either France or power {reaty under whicn Japan, with | p elght other world powers. agreed to re- | England. and all pass through a mili- spect China’s administrative integrity. |tary mold. That mold is the Soviet Included in the new proposal. Which system of education. a foreign office spokesman said is being | sent to Japan's diplomatic representa- | The preparedness _(Continued From First Page) | has been changed to connect discus-| Washington's old Chinatown on| Two District bills were passed prompt- |sion of the country’s war and defense | lower Pennsylvania avenue ushered in |1V in the House today, this being Dis- plans with every topic presented to the [ jts fina] new year last night to the |trict day, with only one voice raised in class. In the study of arithmetic. for in-)Oriental strains of bamboo lutes snd objection, and the House then got into stance. an ecxample which formerly | the clash of gongs and cymbals. |8 dispute over the revamped bill to in added so madk cords of wood to soi In another month the On Leong |corporate the District of Columbia many more cords of wood has been | Chinese Merchants’ Association, at 335 | George Washington Bicentennial Com- changed to the addition of so many Pennsylvania avenue, and the Hip Sing | mission. companies of soldiers to so many more | Tong. a few doors away. will be in-j Mrs. Mary T. Norton, chairman of companies. The study of geometry uses | stalled In their new headquarters on H | the District Committee, 'is confined to by way of illustration “war trenches.” |street, between Sixth and Seventh|her apartment at the Mayflower Hotel opened up from the river and dropped | shells in the village. Over in Chapei, quict in the morning. limbered their trench the afternoon and Hongkew. The Japanese replied with artillery and sent a detachment of bluejackets into action with rifi>s and where things the Chinese un- mortars late in began shelling RUSH PRINTING program of the machine guns. The firing kept ap for three hours and some of the shells fell inside the International Settlement i The terrific bombardment of Chapei { came to a stop early tod:y with little apparent change in the position of either side. The battle around the Chinese native quarter_before midnight had attained unparalleled provortions and the prop- | erty damage within the International | Settlement was heavy. | Chinese shel's_aimed at Japanese | headquarters in North Czechuen road fell repeatedly within the settlement and their explosion inflicted constant | damage until the engagement smppvd‘ before 1 am. Police Forced to Retreat. So numerous were the shell hits| around the settlement police station near the Japanese headquarters that the police were forced to retreat into the basement and sandbag doors and /win- dows | Explosions had broken all the win- | dows in the station and had torn up the ground about it. The police force had been holding their headquarters for 10 days in the face of frequent shell | fire, but last night's action was the worst they had yet faced. Dispatches from Nan! that the government, tcmporari ticning at Honanfu. had ¢ uniting the several politi g the face of Jaj tivities here. The country been divided intu four military zones, with Mars Chiang Kai-Shek co-ordinating commands. u Chang Hsiao-Liang commands Hopel, | Feng Yu-Hsiang is in charge of Shan- tung end Chekiang, Henfuchu has been plit inte two sactions, with Ho Ying- | Ch'n and Chen Ming-Hsu in charge | of the southeast portion, the southwest | under Chen Chi-Tao and Li Tsung-Jen British Block Japanese. The British volunteers, strung along the settlement bounda: near the Chapei North Station, blocked a Japa- nese flank attack. The Japancse moved along Ranger | road, tryi o get around a Britsh | “pill bo: y had succeeded they could have &.uc along the Elgin road and fallen upon the Chinese r. But the British threw up a sandbag | barricade at the end of Ranger road and headed them ofl. | It blocked the’movement, but it left the British in a delicate position. fac- | ing the Japanese in one direction and the Chinese in the other. ¥ I Instead of sweeping acrcss Woosung | yesterday and crushing the Chinese in Chap-i, tonight the Japar faced | steadily increasing opposition on the | whole 20-mile front {rom Chapei to| ‘Woosung. Incessant Firing in Chapei. | Japanese biuejackets and soldiers to- taling about 3,000 were just about | where they were at the beginning of the Woosung action. They were still strung out along the western bank of Woosung Creek, the| first hurdle before they can get into Woodsung City. The city, in turn, is! a natural barrier to any advance| against the forts which are on the seaward side of the city, defying the| best efforts of Japancse destroyers to put them out of action | Japanese 6-inch guns were in action | again. A reliable report said they had warned the Chinese command that if they did not withdraw tomorrow still larger guns would be brought up. 1a ng disclosed func- Terrain Increases Difficuliy. | Just what they intended to do could | not be learned, but foreign observers thought the reported warning meant | that naval guns of longer range would | be trained on Chapei and the Northern | arca called Paoshan. | Foreign military observers agreed | tonight. as one of them expressed ‘t, that “the Japanese don't realize the tremendous job they have taken on in trying to drive the Chinese out of Chapei with the available Japanese force.” Opinion among most of the military | and naval men here is that the tre-| mendous size and difficult terrain of | Chapei makes the task doubly difficult | and it will take mcre soldiers than | Japan has thus far brought up to drive the Chinese out. Chinese Houses Occupied. It was difficult for observers to get close to Woosung. but the Associated Press correspondent entered the zone | along the west bank occupied by the Japanese. The Japanese front line was considerable distance +behind Woo: Creek and the soldiers had ocoup larg> numbers of Chinese houses and other buildings. _Tlh'_l: a g by CHEVEOLE Food ¢ FOR_ANY W : z ROBEY C debts FIELD. STO? NOT BE RESPON: d by el BESPEAK 1433 THE day newspapers. household o s Box 491-K or p TRIPS. FULL AND PART LOAl Nat'l 1360: TIONAL DELIVERY New York Ave 1 BUSINESS OR CALLING I 1.000 5145 __ARROW SERVICE WANTED—LOADS TO NEW YORK TO NORFOLK FROM PHILADELPHIA And all _po ALLIED VAN LI ship by STEEL LIFT SWhes MIT! kS ack .and VANS a cre Call City 0414, Repair roof. _ Mo ROOF WORK— —of wny nature promptly and capably per- Zormed by practical roofers. Call us up! OONS Reonns 1193rd St SW Company __ _ District 0933 Masters of the Art —of profitable printing. __ Consult this MILLION DOLLAR PRINTING PLANT! The National Capital Press BLA. AVE. 3rd and N NE. Linc. 6060 Service C: & o) Nortr ound to % | the scene. | Far enemy machine gunners and snip- ers, Pvt. Curry kept his gun in ac- tion until an in- fantry platoon could take up a better defensive position. This man’s heroic conduct thwarted an attack by the enemy in force. Died three years ago while resid- ing at 606 H street southwest. (Copyright, 1032) n the office of the Shanghai-Woosung Railroad. Close by was the area where a great | fire burned all day yesterday, but to- night it was practically burned out. More than 300 buildings, most of them in the better class section, had been de- stroyed, A gl had 1ot cros: replicd only tr up of officers, asked why they d the creek into the zity, \t the Chincse machine gun fire y baa,” They inti- mated they wait for reinforce- ments before attacking again. Thére were reports additional Japa- nese troops had been landed at Woo- sung. i Planes Drone Overhead. While the Associated Press corre- | spondent looked over the Japanese po- | sitions around Woosung late today warships off shore continued to hur projectiles into the city with slight ap- parent effect. Japanese planes also droned over- head. although they dropped bombs only asionally. Several Japates: destroyers nearby showed the effects of their constant firing into the Chinesze defenses. They were blackened from stem to stern. The scene was dreary. cold and for- bidding, with clouds of smoke and fog hanging low over the ocean and the town ncarb; Within Woosung there was little evi- dence of civilian life and nct a living soul showed himself. What had be- come of the civil population po one seemed to know, but doubt most of it had been evacuated into the coun- side. There was plenty eve y of evidence, how- that the Chinese military was on Whenever the Japanese at- tempted to cross the Woosung Creek or otherwise showed themselves a dead- ly machine-gun fire came cut of the ! embattled Chinese positions. Chinese Qutnumbered. The Chinese were outnumbered more than two to one in the Woosung iight. Chinese forces in the Woosung area | were estimated at only 1,000. There | were 2,000 Japan soldiers- and 4004 bluejackets in the advancing force. Fire desiroyed numercus foreign- style villas, and other buildings on Kiangwan road in the no-man’s-land | nerth of Chapei. Leveling of the | houses and villas by the flames gave | the Japanes an uninterrupted view | toward th2 Chines2 front and the coun- try toward Kiangwan and Woosung The Japanése raid the villas were | used by Chinese snipers for vantage | points. The Japanesc denied any intention of landing soldiers in the foreign quar- ter, but posted a notice on the Shang- | hai-Woosung Highway closing it to all traffic. Vice Admiral Sir Howard Kelly, com- manding British nezval forces in the East, and Britich Consul General J. F. Brenan approached Chinese au- thoritics with renewed proposals for a truce. They hoped later to approach Japanese officials. If the Japanecse should succeed In capluring the Woosung forts, they | would establish a base there for the landing and operatfons of Japanese in- fantry forces, expected to pour into the country immediately. Air Activities Protested. Edwin S. Cunningham, United States | ccnsul general and cenior consul here, was asked by the head of .he Inter- national Settlement’s governing body | to protest to Japanese authorities | inst flights of Japanese airplanes | over the forejgn quar Brig. Gen. E. B. MacNaghten, chair- man of the settlement's Municipal Council, requested the American consul to make urzent representations that the Japanese airplané flights endangered life and prop-rty by drawing the fire of | Chinese guns toward the settlement Such flights not only causing intense alarm among civilians,” Gen. MacNaughten raid, “but are endanger- | ing life and property, due to the fire | attracted by the planes and from pro- tiles which have b falling on the ment in great number.” n. MacNaghten urged Consul | General Cunningbam to try to persuade b e Chinese and Japanese au- n from any activities ttlement. of Order Sending Reinforce- ments to Shanghai. TOKIO. Frbruary 8. —The Japanese first become aware they ‘vere 2g a Japanese Army expedition to the i area through the Sun- A few hours later extras announced vanguard ‘of the expedition had at Wocsung and was already in beside their naval comrades. al ccmmunique describing Sun- | on at Woosung ended by say- Chinese had _res stub- 1 were holdine t 2round the town. | ouncement that soldiers fighting on Chinese soil was re- ived calmly by the pecple of Toki> and other ecities. All activity was nor- | mal Practically every Japanese dwell- | |ing in the capital. however, displaved a tional flag with black strcamers in memory of 25 soldiers of the im- perial bodvguard division lost in action in Manchuria Gold Arrives From U. S. CHERBOURG, France, February 8 ' —More than 220 barrels of gold, amounting to $11,000,000, were unloaded | from the steamer American Shipper | vesterday and sent by motor truck to | the Bank of Prance in Paris. They had been shipped from New York. 2 Publisher Is Stricken. | Manchur | proposal | given | “and we can keep that clean ourselves. }of the country except in the demili- tives abroad to be broached at a provision that Manchuria be elim-| inated from the treaty’s provisions. | tion it was learned in Tokio that the government was considering proposing a conference of the powers to revise the treaty, including a more clear definition | of the term “administrative integrity.” A spokesman for the government then id_that at the time Japan sizned the eaty she should have made a reserva- tion on Manchu but neglected to do s0. Neutral Zones Proposed. | _Under the new proposal made to the diplomats, the spokegman said today, | 15 to 20 miles wide. ternational supervision. Chinese soldiers | would be excluded from these zones, | Such an agreement, he said. would recognize that some measure of inter- national intervention is necessary to give China peace and stable govern- ment. whereas the nine-power pact is based on the principle of avoiding foreign interference in China “Before Japan can formally propos such a change.” he said, “it is highly desirable that the public abroad have time and opportunity to consider it This is a moral, rather than a political, problem and if the plan succeeds it must enlist the support of world opinion. It must be emphasized that the principal beneficiaries would be the Chinese themselves.” The centers it would be proposed to demilitarize are Shanghai, Canton, Hanko singtao and Tientsin. All of ia would be excluded from the Counter to 1922 Parley. The Scheme, he . would run| counter to the spirit of the Washington Naval Conference of 1922, but this he attempted to justify. “The Washington treaties, sigred a decade ago last Satur- day, had a 10-year test and were found wanting,” he said. “The Chinese revolution 20 years and has failed to produce peace and stability. It is high | time the powers did something. Japan, | as a foreign power, is suffering most from the Chinese turmoil. It is right that she take the initiative.” Japan, he said. intended definitely | and permanently to demilitarize Man- churia_herself. “Manchuria is our frontier,” he said, | had been We can handle that problem single- handed, but the co-operation of the other powers is necessary in dealing with the problem of China proper. We are going to dispose of all Chinese soldiers in Manchuria. Chinese generals and forces showing a sincere willingness | to co-operate with us in the establish- ment of peace and order there will be utilized as police—all others will be treated as bandits. “Under the proposed plan we are sug- gesting similiar demilitarization of the principal commercial centers of China proper. giving them peace and pros- perity such as we intend to give Man- churia.” Assumption Declared False. The spokesman said the Washington | treaties were predicated on the assump- tion that China was able to work out her owh problems and achieve peace | and stability if the powers kept hands off. Japan is convinced now. he smid, that this assumption was false and that he powers must intervene. The plan, | he added, would be due to fail unless the powers, especially the United States and other signatories of the nine-power pact, supported it. _If the United States declined to par- ticipate directly, he said. the League of Nations might take the primary respon- sibility, with the United States lend- ing support, as it did in the League Council's recent decisions. The foreign | office. he said. had reason to beleve | the plan would be supported by the foreign communities in Shznghai, espe: cially by the Brit. who are most‘ anxious he said, to retain extrate ritoriality, at least in treaty ports. “If the principal newspapers of the world lend support,” he said, “the thing is as gocd as done.” China, he said he thought, might be induced to agree if the powers oered to give up extraterritoriality in all parts tarized cities. | with_pract | The | higher DR. JOHNSON DEFENDS ACTS AT UNIVERSITY | President Says Trustees Showed Confidence in Accused Dr. Mordecai W. of Howard University, today issued two | public statements defending recent ad- | ministrative acts at tt f | ski | young { captious Johnson, president | ciable sy the | Soviet is predicated on the conception proper time to foreign governments. i |that the next war will be one of peoples rather than armies. There will Shortly after the first United States |be no civilians in it; all will be sol- note to Tokio on the Manchurian ques- | diers. Aviation, chemistry, far-strik- ing artillery, will wipe out the dif- | ference between front and rear. Because of the highly-industrialized nature of future military operations, the factory will become as much theater of war as the trenches. Vi tory will go to the nation with the greatest reserve of raw materiais. The Soviet schools are dedicated to the service of both industry and army. Education Is Technical. Education in the Soviet union as- each large commercial center in China lsumes a_technical aspect the moment would be surrounded by a neutral zone | the pupil leaves the grade schools. The . policed under in- | very name for high school in Russia today is “technicum.” Virtually all secondary schools are affiliated with in- dustry. The oil industry supports technicums | such exercises as they might find useful | | vanced military training. where boys and girls with an interest in | oii obtain their book education along which they will later seek their live- i lihood. There are technicums affiliated with the automobile industry, aviation, | with machine and tractor plaats. There |are agricultural technicums in connec- | tion with the huge collectivized or gov- | ernment-owned farms. Military education begins even earlier. training of the citizen-soldier cal study of the industry in | starts with the child's entry into grade | school at the age of 7. Part of Five-Year Plan. Military training of the type which in other countries is reserved exclusive- | ly for students of military colleges was made an integral part of the general school curriculum in the Soviet union plan. This policy acquired added scope in July, 1930, from the all-Russian con- gress for military training in public and higher schools. The congress, under the guidance of the war department and the commissariat of education, has greatly intensified the military program for each of the three types of schools - -grade, secondary and universities. From each category the government requires: “A minimum of military training of a. character that can be put to practical use at any time. Thy high spots in the program for each follow: The grade schools look after the physical development of children with a view to their subsequent army fit- | & study of the lat |at the inauguration of the five-year | | right on thrcugh the secondary schools | Neutra[ ness. Military discipline is maintained | in all schools. Al children must be sufficiently trained in war science to become liaison agents between the army and the home. They must be mpregnated with the idea that war may come at any time; they should be irected to inoculate their elders with the same expectation of war. In secondary schools, military educa- tion becomes more specialized. Here, direct pre-army training is the order These schools are expected to turn out vouths who can be designated with | | the military classification “individual soldier.” i In the third category, the universities are directed to turn out subordinate of- ficers for army, navy and air. Training Held Important. The extent to which universities and technical and professional schools have assumed an importance as military colleges is attested by the fact that the director of military science at |such an institution also has the rank of assistant to the president or chan- cellor of the institution. g The militarization of the Soviet union’s educational system has gone ahead rapidly since Stalin assumed dictatorial sway over the country. It was Lenin, however, who originated the plans Stalin is carrying through. The essence of Lenin's credo was that the new Russian state, operating along Communist lines, constitute a challenge to the rest of the world Eolshevism and capitalism, he averred. n never function side by side. One must swallow the other. But until this occurs, Lenin predicted, “A series of terrible conflicts between the Soviet re- public and the rest of the world is un- avoidable. “The fairy tale about the world war having been the last war” Lenin warned his followers, “is ridiculous and dangerous.” “Be on guard; take care of the Red as if it were the apple of your was another of his slogans. The remaking of Russia militari well as economically by its young people. its children, was one of Lenin's d ideas. His widow, Mme. Krup- . to the present day is devoting er time to this plan to have the generation regenerate Rus economically and spiritually as well as militarily Captious About Own Country. Critical as Leninv was of western civilization, which he dubbed “im- perialist, capitalist,” he was no less about the absence of appre- 'mptoms of civilization in his own country. The lack in the Russian nature of 11 h university | order, concreteness and practicality, the which he said had been given “various want of persistent methodical applica- | trustees interpretations” in the colored press. One item had to do with the action of a maintenance employe who was said to have done work also for which his son was employed. and to have sigred the pay roll in tke son’s name The employe was continued in service. Of him, Dr. Johnson said “Whenever any employe, sd charged, is retained in the service of the uni- versity the public may judge that it is beczuse the administration and have confidence in his char- acter and ability.” The otber case which drew attack was_the separation of the maintenance work at the university from the office of the university architect, and the establishment of this phase of activity as a separate department. Dr. John- said this was done in the interest of efficiency. Opponents charged it was prompted by internal conditions at tte university. SUI(EIiJE PLAN FAILS Family Says Father Sought In- surance for Them. CHICAGO, February 8 () .—George Sloan. 50, failed yesterday in what members of his family said was an at- tempt to commit suicide so they could collect his insurance money. Mrs Sloan said her husband left a note nz he planned to ki t she dissuaded savings were lure and her lost recently | husband had pondent, A son, G jr, 14, found his father yes! police said. lyin MUNCIE, Ind., February 8 (P.— George Lockwood, publicher of the Muncie Press and former secretary of the Republican National Comimittee, suffered a heart attack at his home here yesterday. His condition was re- ported to be critical. 3 g in the rear of his automobile in’the family garoge. ithaling fumes from the motor. An inhalator squad saved him. Ten thousand persons attended the funeral of five miners who were at Moorthorpe, England. tion, the tendency to talk and dream ‘endlessly to put off until tomorrow | what should be done today, were con- | stantly emphasized by Lenin to his | disciples. He feared for the success of {the revolution they created, for their | dream of establishing a socialist state, [if these tendencies were not counter- acted in the new generation. The chil | Gren of the Soviet union, Lenin warned, must not be infected with the indolence of their parents. He advocated as the corner stone of ‘me new Soviet educational system “a | military-technical . background” for ! every Russian pupil. This has evolved | into the present system of militarized ‘ Will Rogers Says: | ON BOARD S. S. EUROPA, Feb- ruary 8—The Europa, Berengaria and Paris racing over to bring back more bar- rels of gold to France. Got Ambassador Edge of France o on here with | me. He is about the only ex- Senator that made good. | i On the Paris | is the League | of Nations Manchurian delegation. | You remember they w: bointed | last Fall to go out and sec how | much country Japan had captured. Well, Japan ed 'em not to come till they had captured enough to make the trip worth whi'e. 1f Japan keeps expanding, the delegation will meet the Japanese armies about Reno or Salt Lake. | sters that the | ment expense.” In the study of chemistry all examples | streets. are drawn from Russia’s or other coun- tries' plans and programs for the vari- ous schools. > Two Types of Schools. There are two types of grade schools | in the Soviet Unicn, four-year schools | for the country population” and seven- | year schools for the city inhabitants. | In both the gupils study the history of the red army. and have a survey of the |, country's defense problems. They are required to take “military gymnastics They are taken on military excursions | into the country, where they undergo | Year 21 to Them. But last night the Chinese had a “blg time,” as they put it, welcoming the new year. To them it is year 21, because in China the years date from the beginning of a new dynasty. and this is the twenty-grst vear of the Chi- nese republic establisted by Dr. Sun Yat Sen. i Many of the older merchan¥m ex ves of On Leong for years. assicted tha younger officers, Lee Sing and Frank Dong. in welcoming the guests ti the association’s building. The venerable George Wen, Charlie Sue and Charlie Moy helped to distribute gayly wrapped packages of candy and nuts to the if the country had to be defended against invasion. The pupils organize military circles and specialize in_some | v e branch of warfare and defense. Pupils |Women and shiny coins to the a youngsters. Who reach the seventh year in thelr | congrasting sharply with celebration school career are required in the final | O . year to put in 60 hours in more ad- cmz,f:rsye" day In Ohina, where fire- the Ops 50-foot poles, the ceremony last 1ight consisted merely of band mus:. and eating. e cecondaty schools or technicums hav. two and three year courses. The stydents are required to put in 180 hours for three years, or 120 hours for Chinese Music. iwo years, to perfect themselves in g : specialized branches of service. As the | B o was furialied by 4 Chineas students in these technicums are in- B, quses it hnicur 2~ |shabed banjos, violins and harp-like variably attached to some industry in |} s . . P which they are employed while going | y=iuiSats. With a singer chanting to school, the military problems con- The Iy | s party last night marl :mc‘t.(:d with éhnm 1mduAr:' are presented | ohening of a x.wn-w«:k celchr:ggnu(‘f; nA P‘muég r:‘x?e‘ndin o0 Engitee i the new year. Shortly after the affair ¥ g 21 € | is over, On Leong will move to 618-620 technicum is required as part of his| & military training to femiliarize himself gle“:fr\etetflndog?eiin& Igfib“ggngtl;fis with some phase of war engineering. A nounced last night another “big time" pupil in a chemical technicum is re- | X s : quired to study some phase of chemical | %oUlG mark the opening of 'its new warfare. The students of an automo- bile technicum are duty-bound to make | t phases cf motor transport and conveyance in the army. | BOYCOTT LOSSES “Hard Minimum” Required. A “hard minimum” of efficiency in military theory and practice is required of all pupils in secondary schools. If they fail to meet these requirements they are denied a graduation certificate, and are not inconsiderably handicapped in their career, thereby. The military discipline in the primary schools runs Observers Present Far East Inquiry Find- ings to League. till the student reaches the university. In the universities, where military | science in its advanced forms is taught, the most noteworthy feature is the absence of distinction between sexes so far as military training and | practice are concerned.” Girls in pri- mary and secondary schools receive training along sanitation and Red Cross | lines. They are encouraged t> become | GENEVA, February 8.—International nurses and hospital orderlies, and to | observers investigating events at Shang learn to take care of homes or insti- | hai have reported that Japanese busi- tutions for disabled soMiers. Women | ness h}; suffered heavily from tte boy- students in the universities are trained | cott imposed last July. for all branches of service for which | A report embodying the first con- men are trained A pen picture of the actual training | under the auspices of the League of By the Associated Press of Soviet youngsters for warfare is sup- | Nations, was published tonight by the | plied by a woman correspondent in Moscow. who attached berself to a chil- | dren's military _excursion into the country. The- children were between 8 and 12. Children Know Answers. The Russian writer’s account of some of the incidents is given verbatim: “The leader of the children's com- pany had just explained to the young- | Cunningham ‘difficulty’ with China | general.” over the seizure of the Chinese Eastern | The Japanese delegation presented to Railwvay had been amicably settled. |the secretariat Tokio's new declaration But.' the leader asked, ‘Can We |of policy in the Pacific and the Shang. v relax our vigilance?" hai area particularly. Ths Japanae: the children replied apparentiy were sticking by their de- mands that the Manchurian question League secretariat. It asserted the boycott was fostered by anti-Japanese associations and that Chinese who evaded it were fined and impri-oned and were unable to obtain redress through the regular court channels. The document was dated February 6 and acknowledged that the commit United States consu! in one " the leader asked. | Because,” the children answered. | incident and that they shall not b are surrounded by enemies.’ treated under article XV of the League y must we go on preparing?’ | covenant. Because,” the children replied, ‘The | (Article XV provides that In a dis- grown ups are preparing. So we, to0, | pute among League members not sub- must prepare, for when we grow up we | mitted to arbitration or judicial s-ttle- will go into the Red Army. jment. the matter will be submitted di- ‘Now, children,’ said the leader, ‘We | rectly to the Council.) are going to test and find out which | The echo of the Tokio report that little company is best prepared among | Japan would withdraw from the League you. All together, like regular Red |if her view in this matter was not re- Army soldiers. form according to com- | cpecte@ was heard in unofficial Jap pa One, two, three! Attention!" [anese quarters, but such a determina- “All - the companies formed s | tion was not officially confirmed. directed. The children stood as quiet | The Chinese government, while it as if they were little figures of Ston-.| owes $3.000,000 1n its regular obliga- They were told to march. Th%|tions to the Leagyg, is technically and marched in splendid order. | legally upon reg terms with the Now, then.’ the leader commanded. League treasury, it was announced to- ‘Which company can march so quietly | day. 3 as to pass the enemy without being | Deferred Payments Arranged. nof “All the children marched stealthily. | At the outbreak of the disastrous Their steps were as noiseless as those of | Chinese flood last year, the League au- E 2 | thorities made special arrangements 2. by the | with Nanking for China's payment of paper Alliance. Inc.) obligations. Nanking agreed to pay the | expenses of the League's relief and reconstruction experts in Chinese ter- | ritory and arranged with the League FAVORS CURTAILING. | treasury to pay outstanding obligations FEDERAL FUNCTIONS in a fixed schedule during the next 10 years. Some friends of the Chinese here Senator Glenn Thinks Many Proj- ects of Various Departments Cost were urging the Chinese to borrow money and pay up regardless of last Too Much for Results. by the North American year's deferred payment plan. The Japanese paid their 1932 dues a few weeks ago in advance. Besides China, 17 other members of the League, mostly Latin American countries, are behind in the payment of allocated dues. Senator Glenn, Republican. Illinois, favors a pruning of governmental ex- spacious hall on the top floor of the ! ape exploded for hours from | ol REPORTED HEAVY clusions of this commission, meeting | tee met “with the co-operation of Mr. | be kept separate from the Shanghai | penditures through elimination of some ENCOUNTER INChEASES Federal functions. In an interview he mentioned specif- ically the Departments of Justice, Ag- riculture, Commerce and Post Office, | the Federal Trade Commission and Bureau of Standards, as containing Ppossibilities for economy. Chere is a great deal of feeling.” he said, “that the Federal Trade Com- mission is largely meddling into pri- vate business institutions and a great many people think the whole thing could be abolished.” Senator Glenn mentioned also “vari- ous agencies at the Department of Commerce, such as maintaining at- | taches in various parts of the world to drum up private business at Govern- TENSION AT TIENTSIN Japanese Soldiers Surround Mili- tary Police Station and Dis- arm Officers. | By the Associated Press. i TIENTSIN. February 8—Uneaciness here was increased today by an en- counter between Japanese soldiers and police in the Chinese city. The soldiers, fully armed, marched {into the Feart of the old native city and demanded entrance at the mili- tary police station. The sentry refused to let them pass, he 1pon the soldic currounded the station and disarmed the poli-e. Later the police enditure of “$29.- by tte Post Offica issuance of millions the Agriculture | the great growth of Justice Department He spoke of the 000,000 for airma Department of bulleti: Department expenses since 1921." Seriator Glenn said that regardless of the necessity of reducing expendi- tures, when the efforts are undertaken they ‘are met with propaganda from | “organized minorities that want to re- duce expenses, but want to do so on something other than their pet projects.” arms were returned. (but a larger body ot troops came and | occupied the vicinity, retiring only aster the Chinese mayor and the Japar consul had_signed an agrcement which the Chinese authorities assumed responsibility for order in the quarter. The contents of the document. which the mayor said he signed under duress,. were not published HELD IN WIFE'S DEATH | Arrested After 48-Hour Saarch by Posses. | POPULAR BLUFF, Mo., Febiuary 8 (#w—A 48-hour search by armed po ended today when Samuel Zumalt, 78- ar-old farmer, was found asleep in | 1-outbuilding on his farm near here | ter he haa disappeared following the nd : killing of his wife. VOOVRHIS RITES HELD | Farmer Tammany Pays Final Tribute to Aged Gr: NEW YORK, February 8 (#).— Tam-‘ many paid fine] tribute today to John |y R. Voorhis, its first great grand sachem ce George Washington. i Representatives of patriotic, civie A political societies attended funeral & | Zumalt, a former patient at a hos- ijces in the Greenwich Fresbsterian 'pital for the insane, drove his son Church for the veteran leader, who died Thomas, 40, from the home and then Friday in his 103d year. Burlal was in is believed to have shot his wife, killing a vault in Pompoton Plains. N. J. her instantly: nd Sachem. Wwith the grippe, and therefore was un- able to represent the District Commit- tee in calling up the District measures in the House. Palmisano Takes Place. In her absence Representative Pal- misano of Maryland called up the n: ures. Representative Blanton, Demo- crat, of Texas, formerly a member of | |the House District Commiitee, pre- sided in the Speaker's chair, whilc the | House, as a committee of the whole, considered the District measures. The first bill brought up was to per- imit the assessor of the District to tes- | | tify as an expert on valuation in con- | demnation cases. Representative Boy- lan, Democrat of New York, vigorously opposed the measure, pointing out that | the District of Columbia would be | placed in the position of bringing in its | employes to testify on valuations ad- vantageous to it. He asked “What {chance has any citizen against such | combinations?>” = Mr. Boylan declared that enactment of this measure would be a great injustice on the people of the District. Opposed by Boylan Only. Representative Fiesenger of Ohio said that in his State justice has been | worked out in a majority of cases un- der such a law as now proposed for the | District. Legal lights in the House dis- cussed the question of whether assessed value is or should be admissable evi- | dence in a condemnation case. On a| divisicn vote the measure was passed with 54 voting in the affirmative, nl"d‘ Representative Boylan being the single | opponent. | The bill to relieve the District Com- | missioners of certain administrative | duties by permitting the secretary of the board to certify their action on questions_that have been passed upon | by the Board of Commissioners was | passed without debate or any opposition. | LAY | FORMER IMMIGRANT BOY, | KNOWN AS LEADER, DIES| 1o 4 A | |Chicagoan’s Varied Career as Law- | yer, Civic Chief, Writer, Scien- tist and Statesman Ends. By the Associated Press. | CHICAGO, February 8—Nicholas L. | Piotrowski, 68, a Polish immigrant | youth, who became a stateman, lawyer, | publisher, war correspondent and civic | | leader in both his adopted and nati countries, died Saturday night in a hos- pital, after an operation. Piotrowski came to America when he was 19 years old, obtained an education in law and was admitted to the bar. | A personal friend of Ignace Pade- | | rewski, Piotrowski returned to Pcland | in 1917 and remaiged until 1923, serv- ing as president of the Polish Nationa! Council. He was a war correspondent for | United_States newspapeis early in the | World War, occupied the chair of chem- ‘Hmy and physics at St. Thomas Semi- | nary, served terms as city attorney and | corporation counsel of = Chicago, was | president of the Polish Roman Catholic Union of America, and published a daily | Polish language newspaper here. | Funeral services will be held Tuesday | The widow and one daughter survive. | IR PLANE REPORTS SAFETY IN SYRIAN DESERT STORM | Communication Established With | One of Three Royal Air Force | | ruary 8.—Wireless h one of threz miss- | e planes forced down | in a snowstorm in the Syrian desert erday was T lished today. | There was no news of the other two ships | The plane reported herself about 40 miles_east Amman, but searching | planes as yet have been unable to find her. Snc 1 wes still holding up the search by land. Some “anxiety was felt for all the fiyers owing to the intense cold prevail- | ing in the region. ¥ the Assoc: CAIRO, E: communization v ing Royal Air F¢ ir Fo: ted | s | o Twenty Hurt in Paris Riof. | | PARIS, February 8 ().—Twenty per- sons were injured terday in three clashes between Royalists, Socialists and pacifists in the Latin Quarter. Members of the Royalist organization, “The King's Henchmen,” tried to prohibit the sale of Socialist and pacifist publi- cations. Then were arfested. BYRON S. ADAMS Are YT; firea? ful Out of sorts eystem impurities Dol t able You lack energy? Probably closied Flush ol Hexasol ative. or two in a gl drink your own h drug stores. HEXASOL Before Breakfast for Health “See Elz and See Better” Insure your care good vision in later years by taking of your now. ETZ Optometrists 1217 G St. N.W. CLAFLIN Optician—Optometrist 922 14th St. N.W. Established 1889 i oothing 1t gives relief by !\C'?l:i — not deadening them. Contains no opiates. 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