Evening Star Newspaper, February 3, 1932, Page 3

FEBRUARY ROOSEVELT BARES || ovusi = No.3 e N 3 = ment) : 1. Payments for State agricultural Brahms' Sym : Symphony — experiment stations, $4,340.000. Features Boston Concert. \ Community Institute 73 Int ing P bt B | : nterest and Refunding Payments on Funded De 2. Co-operative sgricultural exten- | Wants Debts Paid to U. S. HE Boston Orchestra came out | Presents Sylvia Lent. . 24-Hour Free Service EVENING AR, WASHINGTON, D. b THE 0., WEDNESDAY, 1932, lumbia represented as being a benefi- | clary. ! Federal Aid to States. For the Statement of expenditures made by the Government as direct payments to States under co-operative arrangements The District Is Not Undertaxed OIL MENASK TAX ONALL INDUSTRY Want Manufacturers to Help Bear Burden Instead of Just Few. American Petroleum Institute | today advocated a general manufac- turers' sales tax of 1 per cent as the best means of aiding the Federal Gov- to balance its budget The suggestion was made to the House Ways and Means Committee at | hearings on a proposed one cent & gal- lon tax on gasoline Wi manufactured products valued at $60,000,000.000 annually, the one per x would net $600,000,000. advocating the tax were C. B New York City president | e Texas Co.; J. Howard Pew, Phila- | president of the Sun Oil Co, R. Boyd. jr., New York, repre- the Texas Co. By the As The ern; of vice and W senting Favor General Tax. ared for the American Pe jtute in _opposition to a -cent Federal tax on of the needed | t cer-| ted to the great task ing to find this ) not believe i be | e oil >mobile industry to bow our necks to of the burden, but we \em bowed to the ground.” he average refinery price asoline was 5 cents a gallon, and a 1-cent tax was levied at the v it would be a 20 per cent manu- don't want t Ames said of Other Pleas Presented. esentatives of ele d 1 are expe $1,000,000,000 to ai in balancing imports ess, Atlar | these' loan Should Not Be Considered in Comparisons of Current Expenditures—Nor Should State Taxes, Since D. C. Enjoys No State Benefits. Note—This is the third of a series of special articles discussing past and present attempts to show that Washington escapes payment of fair tazes. ESTERDAY'S article of this series showed that the greater thoroughness of assessment and the higrer standard of assessment in the District have been demonstrated repeatedly and con- vincingly in the interval between 1915 and 1932 Today article is development of two other impg points of the argument of 1915 by the Citizens' Joint Committze on Fiscal itions between the United States the District, as ttose arguments ar on the condition today 2. The argument for eliminating in- and sinking fund expenditures in comparing today's current municipal expenditures in~ comparable cities is Strengthened by the orgy of borrowing and spending indulged in by cities and States during and after the war. Taxation to Pay Interest on Loans. During the World War and immedi- ately thereafter very many Ameri cities induleed in a financial jag, rowing casily and heavly from our overrich investors in tax-exempt mu- nicipal securities in avoidance of i come taxes and surtaxes. Part of this borrowed money went into useful per- manent improvements by which the cities benefited; another part was wasted in extravagance or graft. Con- gressmen, whose home cities thus heavily, and in many instances un- wisely, borrowed, refused as Washing- ton’s Legislature to let it borrow at all. It results that the taxpayers of these cities, having enjoyed the benefit of e now compelled to tax themselves to pay interest and sinking fund on the loans, and these items in- crease the amount of their property tax levy and of their tax rates, which in a way set the p: r Washington. But why should Washington taxpayers, who have enjoyed the benefit of no loans, be required to pay on a basis which co- ordinates them in per capita and total payments and in tax rate with cities which are compelled to raise millions in taxes to pay interest? Washington, which has enjoved the benefit of no loans, should not be re- quired in order to put itself on a su- perficial taxpaying equality with other cities to tax itself in the amounts rep- resented by these interest payments, and they should be deducted from the concerned with | property tax levies of these other cities importa from his ity to a { importers again: which 000.000 FEDERATION’S TAX PROTEST APPROVED North Cleveland Park Citizens'| Group Indorses Fight on Mapes Plans. n of ociations against e pro- egislation was bac tion_adopted rk Citizens' As- at 3923 Windom ob- iders n, in a resolution, the appointment of oul District posts. on to requested top the only two busses veland Park service idays. The com- on week days the associaticn last reased speed at which to operate on Sunday when only two busses are erous to passengers indorsed Senator Capper's to regulate the sale of firearms in istrict J. B. Di gate jr. was elected dele- ation of Citizens' As to take the place recently re- Mrs. M. Z. Baughman. BURTON TO FILL POST ON TRADE COMMISSION TS I ST e e e ceed H. L. Anderson, Who Died Recently—Served Since 1908. d by Ishmael Burton yesterday was ap- pointed chief examiner of the Federal mmission succee g Herbert who died in December. who resides at 1313 Law- has been assist- r since 28, and pated in several important Trade | Government service in Bureau of Corpora Department of Commerce, 1 r was reorganized to become | - Federal Trade Commission. > attended George Washington Uni- and was graduated in law from | al University FOR AN ANNUA he esday hours of 2 and 7 o'clock p.m.. directors for ransaction of ss s may properly come before WM. N. PAYNE, JR.. Secretary. | Y POT 6°_ FULL OR PART LOAD TO Boston, Pitts- all_way points: special rate DELIVERY ASSN., INC. 1317 Local moving also 1460 OF TOWN? TAKE AD- sual service made possible of huge fleet of vans. Satis- 1896. Davidson Transfer & atl 0960. Branches in other 1AUL New York, K operatio n - since Storage Co. Stiie ROOF WORK— —of any pature promptly and formed by practical roofers. KOONS Eootne 119 3rd St. S.W. Company District 0933, Masters of the Art PLA The National Capital Press _FLA. AVE.. 3rd_and N N.E. D—LOADS ably per- Call us up! ofitable printing. __ Consult MILLION DOLLAR' PRINTING FROM NEW YORK TO BOSTON R FROM EARRISBURG. PA 1!’ i 4 ull points North and West X ATTIED AR ENER. W ol oacl o ehip b STEEL LIFT vANS anvuneic Sart NSFER & STORAGE 3 You Bt. N.W. 2 | creation, in scope | county | more. and from the corresponding tax rates in a comparison with Washington. disregarding T municipal tax ens is strength increased subsidies paid by the Nation to_the States. It has been contended for Washing ton that all State taxes should be ex- cluded equitably from the comparisons of city tax burdens: that (1) taxes to be equitably compared should be paid by contributors substantially in the same area, to be distributed to bene- | ficiaries in the same area and for the benefit of that area alone; that in the light of this principle the municipal tax and State tax are as wide apart as the poles, being separate and distinct in personnel of contributors, in purpose of nd area of distribu- tion; that (2) Washington does not “re- ceive the same benefits” that accom- pany State citizenship, and should not therefore bear the burdens which com- pensate for these benefits. Varying Factors of Comparison. dominate or include the and in the is fair to Large citie: counties containing them case of these large cities it consider county taxes as well as city taxes. Indeed, in substance they are a part of the city taxes. The tax- payers, the beneficiaries and the area for the collection and distribution of taxes are practically the same The cities having over 200.000 popu- lation constitute so large a part of the containing county that the nominal contributions and payments are | mainly city receipts and payments; and county taxes may in such cases; be included in the comparison without | violating seriously the principle that in comparing the Washingtonian's tax burden with that of the taxpayer of | another city it is fair only to compare | local taxes constituting a fund to which | only municipal taxpayers contribute and which is spent exclusively in the city and for municipal purposes. But the municipal tax (sometimes including the county tax) and the State tax are as wide apart as the poles, con- | sidered in the light of this principle. | They are separate and distinct in per- sonnel of contributors, in purposes of creation, in scope and area of distribu- tion. If the comparison, between Washington and Baltimore there should equitably be compared what Washingtonians' pay for expendi- ture in Washington and what Balti- moreans pay for expenditure in Balti- What Washingtonians pay for expenditure in Washington ~cannot equitably be compared with what B timoreans pay for expenditures in Ba timore plus t they pay as Mary- landers for the maintenance of a sov- ereign State and for expenditure in that State One might as well inject into the comparison of city burdens a consid- eration of what the Baltimorean pays in national taxes as an American for{ penditure on account of the United tes, including Baltimore. In other words, the taxes that the Baltimorean pays as a Marylander or as an American have nothing to do with the city calculations and compari- sons. In the different cases there are not the same persons contributing, not the same area within -which expendi- | wres are made, and not the same | for instance, is S | Dbeneficiaries of these expenditures Baltimore taxes are paid by Balti moreans only, and are spent in Balt more only. The Marylanders who are in Baltimore contribute State taxes in common with thousands outside of Baltimore, to be spent not in Balti- more but in all Maryland. Washing- ton has not the benefit of outside con- | tributions to a State tax in the enjoy- ment of which it participates. It has no State relations or privileges or benefits. No State Tax Since No State Benefll.sw the | It has been contended that Washingtonian recefies the same ben- ¢ | efits through his city government alone that are enjoyed by the residents of other cities through their city, county and State governments, and that the Washingtonian’s city tax should equal the combined city, county and State | taxes of residents of other cities. What are the benefits enjoyed by the citizen of a State which constitute the real consideration for the State taxes which he pays? If he lives in a large city of the State, is it the driblet of | State expenditures which the counties | ;permit to get through to the city? No. The State tax which he pays is essen- tial to his status as citizen of a State and to his enjoyment as such citizen of political and judicial rights of in- ! estimable value and of large financial | benefits. Wha ed by State ta enjoy with thousands’ outside of one's home city the privileges and benefits of citizens of the State, including rep- resentation in Congress and the elec- toral college and in a State Legislature; a recognized status in the United States Supreme Court, and the financ'al bene- comparable benefits are enjoy- Washington? [to be calculated in_dolla | and local government and has created are paid that one may |land grants. bounties and so forth which the Nation has lavished upon th= | | States. These land grants amount to 186.- 524,723 acres of the public domain. | These money donaticns include hun- dreds of millions The payment of taxes as the citizen of a State gives the taxpayer his pro- portionate share in these financial | benefits. The Washingtonian enjoys no part in these grants, bounties and | benefits as citizen of a State. Why | should he pay or have charged azainst | him as part of his equitable tax bur- Cen the taxes which are incidental to the status of State citiz'ns and which | are cne condition of the enjoyment of | these financial benefits? | The Washingtonian has mnone | these political or judicial rights or privileges. Why should his fair tax burden be held to include what the | State citizen pays in connection with | the actual enjoyment of these inesti- mable rights, privileges and benefits? Bears State Burdens but No § Benefits. The proposition carries out the old idea that Washingion is to be viewed as a S‘ate when turdens are imposed and not viewed as a State when bene- | fits or privilezes or rights are to be con- ferred. The District been pro- nounced a State under a treaty with| France, a construction conferring priv- ileges on aliens, but not a State under the Constitution, whose people can sue, cither as State citizens or as alie in the Federal courts. The District is a State when direct taxes are to be collected, but not a State when Repre- sentatives are apportioned, though the Constitution couples the two things. The District is not a State to make and carry out through a State Legislature laws for its own benefit, but it is now reproached as a State because it es- capes the tax burden incident to the exercise of this privileze of a State. The District is not to be a State to enjoy any of the political, judicial and financial benefits, privileges and rights of a State, but is to be a State to the extent that the equitable tax burden of | its people in comparison with the | tax burden of other Americans must b figured to include consideration of State taxes, | When Washington is part of a State and enjoys the expenditure within it of its due share of the State fund to which thousands of State citizens out- | ide of its limils contribute it will be time to permit State taxation to enter into its comparitive per capita tax figures. When Washingtonians are like Baltimoreans, Maryvianders again, with | all the Marylanders' rights and privi- leges as citizens of a State, it will be | time to charge nst the Washingto- nian in comparison with the Balti- morean the State tax which the latter | pays, not as a Baltimorean but as a | Marylander. When Washington has | Senitors, Representatives and a State Legislature it will be time for it to pay | for such luxuries in the shape of a| State tax. Vast Material State Benefits. Of cour: of | the main consideration for | the payment of State t is the en- joyment of the political power and | prestige involved in participation in | the National Government on _equal | terms with other Americans. To be | transformed through statehood from | the status of political aliens to that of | full-fledged Americans, with all the | powers, rights and privileges apper- taining to that status, confers a bene- fit upon the individual of a value not f and cents; | and deprivation of this benefit involves a loss which is also incalculable, | Every one, therefore, will recognize | the justice of Washington's protest against being taxed to correspond to | what other cities pay to maintain State government, since the under the Constitution and the enacted by Congress is not permitted | S the right, privilege and benefit of en- joying and maintaining a State gov ment. But very few persons in the | whole United States appreciate the of the materfal benefits in boun- tles and subsidies which attach to| statehood of which Washingtonians are | wholly _deprived committee brief in 1915 recited the mil- | lions which in the past had been dis- tributed by the Nation among the States, omitting the District of Colum- | bia. But these subsidies by the Nation | to the States are not confined to the | past. but continue in vastly enlarged | proportions the present. | Federal Aid to States. Discussing Federal subsidies to the States, George B. Galloway in an ar- ticle written for Editorial Research Reports under date of January 1, 1931, points out that under its power to ap- propriate money for general purposes the Federal Government from its earliest days “has assumed the respon- sibility of rendering financial and ad- ministrative assistance to the States The practice of granting subsidies to the States irom the Federal Treasury | began with the land ordinance for the | Northwest Territory in 1785 and has continued down to the present time Congress has made grants to the States particularly from the sale of public lands for schools, roads and canals Today the whole field of relationships created by these subsidies is covered in minute regulations reached by agree- ment between State and Federal author- ities. In recent years Congress has actually entered the domain of State new organs of administration which, in a strict sense, are neither Federal nor State in character.” Mr. Galleway points out that from modest grants of land or money for the maintenagce of public schools, for universities, for use as seats of govern- ment or to defray the cost of erecting public buildings, for reclamation, or aid to the States in building canals, to stimulate railroad construction, and for internal improvements, the system of Pederal aid to the States has expanded until today there are 31 classes of Fed- eral aid payments made annually at a total cost to the Federal Government of about $150,000,000 & year. Except in cases where the basis of expendi- tures or allotments is wholly Federal, |it is generally required that the State | must equal the expenditures of the Na- | tional Government. Growth of the Subsidy System. The rapid growth of the Federal aid system is shown by a comparison of the payments during the last 20 years. In 1912 this total was approximately $8,000,000. By 1920 it had risen to $42,000,000, by 1922 to $134,000,000 and by 1927 to $163,000,000, the highwater mark of the payments up to the pres- ent time. During the fiscal years 1920 to 1930, inclusive, Mr. Galloway points out, Federal aid payments reached the grand total of $1,453,676,224, almost ohe and a half billion dollars. Of this huge sum more than $833,000,000, or 57 per cent, went for the co-operative construction of highways; over $' 000,000, or 19 per cent, went to the Natlonal Guard: over $64,000,000, or 4.4 per cent, was devoted to co-oper- ative agricultural extension work, and an equivalent amount to co-operative vocational education and rehabilita- tion. These four activities togethe: a counted during the period for about 85 | per cent of the Federal aid appropria- tions, highway construction being the 11931 at $14,684,853.43. Our citizens' joint 1 sion work, $8,650,290. 3. Payments to States and Territories from national forest fund, $1,677,559. 4. Payments to school funds, Ari- zona and New Mexico, national forest fund, $41,316. 5. Forest fire co-operative, $1,536,904. 6. Co-operative distribution of for- est-planting stock, $88,514 7. Co-operative construction of rural | post roads, $133,340,910 8. Federal aid highway system, ad- | vances to States' emergency construc- tion, $20,296,266. 9. Colieges for agriculture and me- chanic arts, $2,550,000. 10. Payments to States from receipts under mineral leasing act, $1,776,583. 11. Five, three and two per cent funds to States (lands), $25448. 12. Payments to States under special funds, $630,032. 13, State’ marine_schoo's, $100,000. 14. To promote the education of the blind—American Printing House for Blind, $75,000 15 National Guard, $34,570,282 16. Co-operative vocational educa- | tion and rehabilitation, $8,714,331 17. Payments to States under Fed- eral water power act, $159,133 18. Slate and territorial homes for disabled soldiers and sailors, $589,999. Total payments, $219,162,574. This payment does not include ap- propriations made by Congress for di- rect relief or loans to States of floods, hurricanes, fires, Paid to and by U. S. Tt will be int Washington pay the National Treasury on account | drought, etc. ting to compare wha into and receives from | with what s | on similarly paid into and received from | the National Treasury by some of the | St figures of payments the tes into the Federal Tres obtained from the preliminary ment Jul. 1931, of the commission er of internal revenue for 1931, wherein | is printed a table giving a summary of | interna! revenue receipts for 1931 by | States, including the District of Co- lumbia. This table gives the revenue receipts from by total internal | the District in More Than Eleven States. If comparison is made with the Feder: tax payment of the District, $14,684,853.43, the District's contribu- tion will be found to exceed those of ny one of 27 States and two Terri- | tories: i. e, Alabama, Arizona, Ar- kansas, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Towa, | Kansas, Louisiana, Maine, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Ver- mont, Washington, West Virginia d Wyoming, ates, and Alaska and Hawaii, two territories. ! The Distrift’s payment of fourteen | millions plus exceeds the combined payn t of 11 States, whose contrib tions total $13.7 These States are Arizona. Ar Idaho, Mi opi. Montana, Nevada. New Mexico, North Dakota, South Dakota, Vermont and Wyoming. o Percentages Are Compared. The table which follows below shows the percentage relation of the money | paid to certain States by the Nation to the amount paid by the States to the Na- tion in Federal taxes. There s in- cluded in this table the District of Co- ! lumbia, and it is interesting to note the comparison between the percen ! for the District and the percentages of the 11 States which contributed in the | aggregate nearly a million dollars less | than the District | Pect of Sub- sidy Rec. as State or Paid in o Nat. Cap. Aid Ta Fed. Taxes Piscal Year, 193 Dist 14.684. | Arkar Idaho Mississippi 689,925 97 365.232.84 749687 88 1.751,011.06 596.603 81 334.475,032.25 subsidies to 567.39 age of ates. 250 ald statement does not et Al nes. t According to the official figures re- ported by the Commissioner of Internal | Revenue, the District of Columbia paid | in Federal taxes in 1931 $1,000.000 more than these 11 States combined and its| Fercentage of aid received for taxes paid | (65 per cent) is less than that of any of these 11 States and is about one- fonrth of the average percentage of the | 11 States combined ! The District in 1931 paid in Federal | taxes 35 per cent more than the Nation opriated in that year for National tal upbuilding and for the District National Guard. Relative Small Payment to D. C. In percentage relation of national aid | to national tax payments, the District’s | percentage (65 per cent), according to official figures, compares with_those of | 17 States. each contributing less than 12 District, as follows Alabama, 98; Arizona, 188, Arkansas, 270; Georgia, 101; Idaho, 374; Missis- sippi, 123; Montana, 247; Nebraska, 75 Nevada, 134; New Mexico, 662; North Dakota. 625; Oregon, 115; South Caro- lina. 213; South Dakota, 389; Utah, ;,23 plus; Vermont, 70, and Wyoming, Most of these payments to the States are made on the 50-50 basis—that js, the Federal dollars are to be matched by State dollars—in precise’ accordance with the wise half-and-half policy, in | relation to the Capital, of the law of 1878. This policy is so sound and bene- ficial that it is wisely employed today in the Nation's relations to the States; surely in_the light of this vindication and reaflirmation it will be retained in spirit and principle at least in the re- lations of Nation and Capital, where for nearly half a century it has demon- strated its wisdom and beneficence. Surely the Nation will not today adopt the policy anew in relation to the States and discard it and the principle of defi- nite _proportionate contribution upon which it is based, in the Nation's rela- tion to the National Capital. What These Figures Emphasize. These figures are shown to empha- size the numerous and large Federal subsidies to the States, which are not extended to the District of Columbia, creating benefits to the Btates which are not enjoyed or participated in by the District of Columbia. The show- ing justifies merely one of several sup- porting parts of Washington's argu- ment that State taxes should be de- ducted when tax burdens in the cities are compared to the tax burden in the District of Columbia. These figures, in addition, destroy the accusation of mendicancy frequent- ly leveled at Washingtonians by un- sympathetic members of Congress, who point to the lump-sum contribution as a gratuity or dole, unparalleled in the appropriations of Federal money. The figures are not published as criticism of the States or of the policy of State aid, but to point out that there is nothing to support the charge of mendicancy against the District, whose people contribute more in Fed- eral taxes than it collects in Federal as compared to the condition in those States which re- ceive more in Federal gratuities than they paid in Federal taxes; and that it pays more into the National revenue ! | chief beneficiary of the system. "The purposcs and amounts of the | principal subsidies appear in the table | which fol’lows. Only in the fund for the Phones North 3342334, fits which-come from enjoyment of the | National Guard is the District of Co- | he said | our | | ing. and Tariff Barriers on Trade Lowersd. By the Associated Press. ALBANY, N. Y., Februa: lin D. Roosevelt, Governor of New York and candidate for the Democratic presi- dential nomination, believes: (1) The United States should not participate in the League of Nations. (2) European debts should not be canceled. (3) An international ence should be called to level barriers. Gov. trade confer- tarift tion at a meeting of the State Grange last night. His pronouncement on the League ‘ollowed by a few days the challenge of William Randolph Hearst that he announce his views thereon. Sees Change in League. As Democratic vice presidential can- | didate 12 years ago, Mr. Roosevelt “worked and spoke in behalf of Ameri- can participation in a League of Na- tions.” “For that course I have no apolog: League of Nations to- 3 A conceived by Rather, it is & the poli opean is ow not Wil for ictly Eu Roosevelt is the second promi- rat to disc altered v e questicn in recent we ton D. B Secretary of War Wilson c t and for years a ican entry into the said_recently he was against ague of Nations' plank in the 1932 Democratic platform. He said ever, he believed the cc will and ought to 1e some day, Concerr ion Gov. Ro “Europe owe her. Therefore we ) ing of our debtors here demand an ur ns European Spending. advisable in world finance of debts for ne se do not owe i call a meet nd not were considered 2 we pon an should beg: rope has of spending * * Text of Address Glven. The text of Gov. Roosev s address plain tr ‘The na ions of Europe. and the t South Amer- are g ica the very good re not the means to do t naticnal cash is gold have not got t Blames Tariff Walls, “For 10 years, bet 1920 and 1930, we Americans helped these other nations to buy our goods by lending them our own money to do the buy We have stopped doing that now for good and obvious reasons “There was, and is, only way by which other natic our goods—and that wa old-fashioned me of exchanging their goods for ours. one other e our Government, in t up a tariff fence so high could not use old-fash- hod of exc of goods lore, when our Smoot-Hawley tariff law went into effect three years ago, over the prc of thousands of our own business men and farmers, the foreign nations, by way of retaliation, raised high tariff fences of their own “By way of parent that our own tariff fenc cost to the farmer of manu ticles u/£d by him on his farm and in his household, while at the same time it did not vent foreign competitior with him in many lines of agricultural products. It is ple fact tMat the farmers of America have been buying ted market and selling in a pen to the competition of the whole world hat they e Further: Urges “Horse Sense.” tion to use the objectiv “It is time for t little horse sen we seek and the of our present tarifi law. It is for us to sit down with other nations and say to them, “This tariff fence business, on our part and on yours, is preventing world trade. Let us see if we can work out reciprocal methods by which we can start the actual interchange of goods We do not ask you to buy our goods for cash because we know you have not got the cash, but we do suggest that it would be good for us and for you if we could send to you each year a large volume of American products in ex- shange for your products. But we do recognize the fact that we can prob- ably use many of your articles and at the same time we can start our own wheels of industry going in manufactur- ing the things you need and want—all with adequate safeguards for the Amer- ican standards of labor.’ “I have good reason to believe that many nations who, like us, are suffering about | from the stoppage of industry, will meet us half way and put all the cards on the table for the purpose of breaking an actual deadlock which has paralyzed world trade and thrown millions here and abroad out of useful work, “Let me at the same time make it clear that a trade conference with the other nations of the world does not and should not, by any stretch of the imagination, involve the United States in any participation in_political con- troversies in Europe or elsewhere. Nor does it involve the renewal in any way of the problem of 12 years ago of Amer- jcan participation as a memebr of the League of Nations. Has No Apology to Make. “In common with millions of my fel- low countrymen, I worked and spoke in 1920, in behalf of American partici- pation in a League of Nations, con- ceived in the highest spirit of world friendship for the great object of pre- venting a return of world war. For that course I have no apology io make. “If today I believed that the same or even similar factors entered into the argument, I would still favor America’s entry into the League, and I would go so far as to seek to win.over the over- whelming opposition which exists in this country today. “But the League of Nations today is not the League conceived by Woodrow Wilson. It might have been had the United States joined. Too often through these years its major function has been not the broad overwhelming purpose of world peace, but rather a mere meet- ing place for the political discussion of strictly European political naticnal dif; ficulties. In these the United States should have no part. “The fact remains that we did not join the League. The League has not from which all National expenses are paid, including the salaries of Repre- ! sentatives, Senators and President, than any one of 27 (more than half) of the States, ’ developed through these years along the course contemplated by its founder, nor have the principal members shown a disposition to divert the huge sums spent on armament into the channels Roosevelt committed his views | |on these subjects to public considera- diffi- of debts, | I might add | of the East yesterday after- noon and played, alas, the | only concert that it will play | here this season. Dr. Serge | Koussovitzky, whose last year's Bee- | thoven festival in the same hall | (Constitution) is still remembered | with the utmost affection, undertook at yesterday's concert a Co- | relli saite | “Eight Minia- | ," by Nik- | Tcherep- | nin; Ravels “Daphnis e t Chloe” ballet | from the sec- ‘ ond suite, and | the all-magnif- icent Brahms | fourth s y m- phony in E minor. The audience, which was very large and ex- ceedingly en- thusiastic, re- warded Dr. Koussevitzky's readings with thunderous cpplause, which reached its highest peak after the Brahms symphony, and after the Ravel ballet music he Brahms was, of course, the great undertak- | ing of the afternoon, and since the mightiest of the cla ve lain much nc-lected on the shelves this season out-of-town _orchestras, | it was a rare treat to be indulged | with no' only some of this great compose best music but with some of Koussevitzky's most pungent musical interpretations. Even those | who <till rebel against composer Brahms must have been stirred by | yesterday’s performance. The or- Chestra, which plays always with | authority and as though to remind | us that it has often been called the | ringleader o al world, | supplied yester tmostin on to avorite sym- | phonic work. | e the Brahm e high Serge Koussevitzky. was unques- tanding. | | 101 il to the mod- erns (shades of delphia cor a whole didly exe Canon Places Wreath on Tomb of mp! e most d symph E. DE S. MELCt c v {ER. legitimate trade, balanced bu payment of obligat Woodrow Wilson Foundation of New not favor Ameri I Favors U. S. Leadership. ional policy r all | word of h that all just nat are ‘debts of honor'; ‘that, therefore, no henorable nation may break a treaty i | spirit any more than they may break i | in letter: nor, when it is a debtor, may | repudiate or cancel a national debt of honor. On the other side, it should be remembered also that the creditor on | his part should use every honorable means to help the debtor set his house | in order. | “Europe owes us. We do not owe | her. Therefore we should call a meet- | ing of our debtors here and not in | | Europe and demand an understanding. | 1t it were considered advisable in the present condition of world finance to | postpone the payment of debts for awhile, we should nevertheless insist upon an accord as to When payments hould begin and in what amount. “Europe has indulged herself in an rgy of spending and finds herself at lary of the high lights on the Community The second half contained, along with many modern selections, chiefly Russian and Spanish, two numbers by Wash Howe's Salle Spier’ Miss Lent's most satisfying pleces were the half the Pranck “¢ core, Chopin’s “Ritual Fire Dance,” virtuosity not displayed for its own sake. The as more than from eight r to | while Throughout | were UNITED * STATES | 418 10th Street NE of Washington's you:ig- est and most talented musiclans came back from the New York concert stage to play before a ge audicnce at Central High 1001 last evening. This was one Institute course. She was ably assisted by Frank Bibbs at the plano. Miss Lent’s pProgram was varied, {includ- ing on the first half the Bach “Chorale” from the Christmas “Ora torium”), Gluck's “Melo- dy” from “Or- feo,” a Bach “Prelude” and Cesar Franck's m a g n i ficent Sylvia Lent. ¥ i violin “Sonata.” k composers, Mary at Dusk” and La ade.” 1gton “Melod “Ba melody, the second onata” and an en- E-Flat Nocturne,” in | war sweet tone and mterpretations had _tull ther grateful accomplish= Even in such pleces as the Bach “Pre- or the De Falla-Koehanski was ick her “Allegretto ben Moderato” Allegro” movements of the call for more power and than last night's slender could give. With a mellow d agile fingers, playing is too easy for her Less pow- as the “Allegretto came gems of melody r_light bow Bibb proved vles as the va d. important as the 3 sar Franck and one Suggest a more Serious spirit r. Bibb's interpretation, al- Mr technical ability dequate. Melody at Dusk” and y received iant than when Spier played the r his own colorful D.C himself an accompanist ted Bibk frs. How Popular for 47 Years. 1s Vacuum Sealed BROWNING & BAINES Oxienta Totfee RUSH PRINTING EXPERT SERVICE BYRON S. ADAMS "I Never Bisgaoont” Maryland Building 1410 H St. N.W. THREE EXPOSURES $175.00 PER MONTH FOR LEASE A. McKeever Co. Way '8 18 ¢ | | | 4 ington Cathedral dent Woodrow ) died eight yvears ago today, of red and white carnations, ibbon of the national colors, before his tomb thlehem Chapel of Washington President at Wash- == fiowers were the gift of the § orvices he wreath the grill of the W. Gummere of staff. 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