Evening Star Newspaper, November 17, 1931, Page 12

BARE DIFFERENCES 1 Good Auto Pilots Are Found to Have Fast Pulse Rates and Co-ordination. BY THOMAS R. HENRY. Discovery of fundamental physical | and mental differences between good and bad automobile drivers is the ob- jective of an _extensive investigation under way under auspices of the Na- tional Research Council. i ‘Although the studies still are in their preliminary stages, reports made public indicate cicar differences between indi- viduals such as would not be brought out ordinarily in road tests. One piece of laboratory apparatus, for example, gives nearly 100 per cent better results for drivers who hate not figured in accidents. Other clear differences are shown in favor of generally more active persons, those with faster heart beats which do not show such marked acc- celeration Wwith exercise and those with weaker reactions to such sensory stimuli as can be given in the labora- tory. In one apparatus the person being tested was seated in a stationary de- vice like the driver's scat of an auto- mobile. Before him were two moving arrows, one above the other. The lower arrow was controlled by the driver's wheel. By concentrated attention the point could be kept on a dot on a screen. Deviations from this point were automatically recorded. This was es- sentially a steering test. Crash Drivers' Score Less. The upper arrow was out of the driver’s control. At regular intervals ‘its point also rested momentarily on the dot. Whenever it did so the sub- Ject was supposed to press down on his clutch and brake at the same time. This stopped a motor, but the motor would not_stop unless the subject re- acted at the instant when the points of the two arrows were on the dot. It is described as an apparatus to measure_eye, hand and foot co-ordina- This, it is explained, is not a test of actual driving ability, but of something that enters prominently into the ability to drive in traffic. Every movement was automatically recorded. The drivers who had figured in acci- dents did only about half as well as those whose records were clear. Good Pilots Are More Active. Other tests were made by such little- known laboratory devices as the pur- suitmeter, the galvanometer, the psy- chergograph, the lectometer and the stabimeter. Results indicated some of these, together with specially con- structed combinations, may be used eventually to measure all those who apply for licenses to drive. The experiments were conducted by Drs. Albert P. Weiss and A. R. Lauer of Ohio State University, under a grant from the National Research Council. During the past two years approxi- mately 450 individuals have been stud- jed, inciuding professional drivers, col- lege students and persons picked at random from the motorists of Ohio cities. The accident record of each was checked against performance in the lab- oratory tests. Experiments showed the better driv- ers moved more frequently in the seat, turned the wheel more, and generally tended to be more active. The pulse rate of the better subjects was 8.47 per | TESTS OF DRIVERS THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON D. C, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 1931. Whitney Museum Opens Mrs. Whitney alongside her By the Assoclated Press. NEW YORK, November 17.—A quar- ter-century-old dream of a poor little rich girl becomes true today as the made-over doors at No. 10 Eighth street, Greenwich Village, swing open on the Whitney Museum of Ameri- can Art. There, in three ancient buildings done manner, will repose more than 600 native works, with not so much as a flicker of European influence. In the kground as feveral thou- sand invited guests view the contem- porary state of American art and in- augural speakers tell a Nation-wide ra- dio audience how the, museum will en- courage native talent, will be Mrs. Harry Payne Whitney, the founder. Dreamed of Museum. She dreamed her dreams when she was yet Gertrude Vanderbilt, and though she was born in the top ranks of society, she chose a career of hard labor in clay. She is herself an artist of considerable reputation and , her studio is in MacDougals alley not far from the new museum. The works on exhibition have been collected by her during the past 25 years—always with her ncw-realized museum in mind. Four of her own statues, including Chinoise, which is noted, are in the permanent collection. A message from President Hoover, Low Bacon, and speeches by former Gov. Alfred E. Smith, Otto H. Kahn and Christopher Morley headed the list of features for the opening ceremonies. cent faster than that of the poorer ones, but after exercise that of the accident- prone drivers increased approximately 20 per-cent more than that of the others. It was found that fast heart- beat and good vision generally went together. Judging Speed Induces Sleep. On the other hand, the tests showed, is no definite relation between with poor eyesight, it was indicated, tend to compensate for it by more careful driving. The lethargic, individual, the report states, seems like- 1y to have accidents independent of any superior skill he may possess. This also shows up in the laboratory tests. Another apparatus measured & per- son’s ability to estimate the speed of a moving object after it had disappeared from view. Strangely enough, although there were great individual differences it appeared to make no difference, 50 far as the number of accidents was concerned. The only significant differ- ence in favor of the non-accident driv- ers was notable in the estimation of a ver - slow speed. It was found, however, that long-continued efforts to such speed tended to make the subject sleepy. This may prove a valuable lead in study of the reasons why drivers fall asleep at the wheel on long trips. Social Standing Related. A special study was devoted to the social standing of the different types of drivers. In general it was found that the stable citizen is less likely to figure in a smash-up than one who is le's stable. It may be a case of using greater care, or that the traits which lead to general success In life also are conducive to good driving. Conclusions stated by the investi- gators are: “Nervousness is the major cause of accidents. When coupled with poor motor co-ordination it is especially dangerous. Visual defects, in and of themselves, are not so important. The strain on the driver through eye defects is the major factor in accident causa- tion from such conditions. Low vitality is likely to result in inattention, which is a major factor in certain types of accidents. Such conditions are most frequently temporary in character due to the general health of the drver, con- ditions in the home and worries. “The actions of the expert and safe driver are too complex to justify the hope at this time of any very simple measurement which will indicate his skill. The licensing problem thus be- | comes one of measuring actual per- formance. The laboratory tests will find their greatest value in predicting the variability of experienced drivers and in giving an index of the probable performance of inexperlenced drivers.” | MAN, 76, NEVER IN DEBT Wisconsin Resident Also Claims Constant Health During Life. OWEN, Wis. (N.AN.A.).—Charles Ramberg, of Owen. who recently cele- | brated his 76th birthday. arrived in: the United States, when he was 14| years old, with only 15 cents in his! pocket | His claim to fame is that in three- quarters of a century he never has been | in debt, never has been ill and never taken medicine Rheumatism Kidney Trouble Arthritis—Neuritis ¢ you have Arthritis. Neuritis, igm. Kidney ‘or Bladder Trouble. elimination or _self-poisoning. I rai apeutic effect of note every- ribed ater to 0 years and those suffering and bladder trou- T famo v patients for find same very benei rom rhenmatism, kidney nd_take 'de} same to any one mineral water. physic Order a ecase write for further information. Mountain Valley Water For 75 Years the Prescribed Water Hot Springs, Arkansas. ct National 3ank Bldg. Metropolitan 1062 COLDS THAT over outside and inside in the modern | to be read by Representative Robert | PURELY AMERICAN GALLERY IN GREENWICH VILLAGE. sculpture, “His Last Charge.” The general public will find the doors of the museum open Wednesday and every day thereafter from 10 a.m. to 6 pm. There never will be a charge. The painting collection numbers 351 and is representative of the work of American artists. during the past 50 years. Particular stress has been laid upon the art of living men, and in this sense of contemporary representation the museum is hailed ‘as the only one of its kind in the country. Among well known artists with works on display are John Sloan, George Luks, Eugene Speicher, Ernest Fiene, George Bellows, Guy Pene Du Bois, Thomas Hart Benton, Ernest Lawson, Robert Laurent, Daniel Chester Prench, Paul Manship, Bernard Karfiol, Leon Kroll and Arthur B. Davies. Gallery Is Praised. Several of these painters were repre- sented in Mrs. Whitney's first contribu- tion to the advancement of American art. That was in 1904, when she opened two galleries in her studio build- ing. Later, in 1914, she formed the Whitney Studio Club to give the artist audience for his work. ‘The new museum contains nine large painting ffll]crles. rooms for prints and water colors, a library and a large sculptor room. Mrs. Jullana R. Force will direct the institution. Hermon More is curator. Many critics, guests of Mrs. Whitney at luncheon yesterday, hailed the mu- seum as a much-needed thing, and W. Forbes“Watson found it particularly a¢- sepldlble “now that the Paris school is ead.” DEVELOP INTO PNEUMONIA Persistent coughs and colds lead to serious trouble. You can stop them now with Creomulsion, an emulsified that is pleasant to take. Creomulsionisa new medical discovery with two-fold ac- tion; it soothes and heals the inflamed membranes and inhibits germ growth. 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They stand all tests, Written Guarantee With E SUMATRA Ring Soid t -two rings to a customer. None sold to dealers. Mail Orders Filled. Please Send Fingor Size, P Goldenbers’s—Main Floow WEST ENDCTIZENS SEEK NEW SCADOL Plan Survey to Determine| Number of Children of School Age in Area. A canvass of the territory covered by the West End Citiz>ns' Association to | determine the number of children of school age in the section is being plon- ned by the association which is cam- paigning for a new elementary school | building to replace the old U. S. Grant School on G street botweon Twenty- first and Twenty-second streets. Mrs. Belle Cutler Parker, chairman of of School Committee, announced at a | meeting of the civic body last night in the George Washington University Law School Bullding that the survey would be_commenced shortiy. 1t is hopod by the association that the | figures produced by the canvass will | show conclusively the need of the scc- tion for a new school. Budget Before Bureau, Mrs. Parker reported to the meeting that a request for a hearing before the Board of Education, made w Dr. Frank W. Ballou, superintendent of | schools. had elicited the reply that the board already was familiar wi h condi- | tlons of the Grant School and that the | school budget for the next fiscal vear is | now before the Bureau of the Budget and cannot be changed. | Mrs. Parker urged all members of the | association to work for the new school, particularly by urging members of Con- | gress to support an appropriation for the project. | The Scnool Committee chairman | read a letter from Robert D. Lyons, | president of the assoclation, in which he estimated the number of school chil- dren in the West End area at between 1,154 and 1,958. This estimate, the letter stated, was based on the 1930 census for tract 7 of the District, which was said to be practically co-extensive with the West End territory, which ex- tends from Fifteenth ctrest to Rock Creek and from the south side of N street to the Potomac River. School Facilities Reduced. It was pointed out at the meeting that the reason the public school chil- dren of the section have not increased in number during the past 10 years is that the public school facilities have been cut in half. Ten years ago, it was said, theré were three schools while now' only one and a half schools are available. The increase in the number of children during the decade have been taken care of by a private school, members of the association declared. ‘Willlam A. Roberts, assistant cor- poration counsel assigned to the Public Utilities Commission, spoke at the meet- ing on the recent action of the commis- sion regulating taxicabs. He defended the order of the utilities, body requiring meters in taxis after January 10 and said that it is the only way to operate cabs which is fair tQ both operators and public. The speaker sald the rapid increase in the number of taxicabs in the past year was due to inefficiency of the street car system and unemployment which drives men without jobs to driving cabs when no other work can be obtained. The president, Mr. Lyons, presided. Heads Convention Group. I W. Ellenberger, secretary of the ‘Washington Exchange Club, has been appointed chairman of the club's Na- tional Committee on the National Edu- cation Association by Alfred A. Jenkins, Cleveland, Ohio, national president. REPAIR PARTS Furnaces and Boilers Fries, Beall & Sharp 734 10th St. N.W. - LEAVITT WAIVES Brother-in- Law of President Hoover Changes Plan to Fight Liquor Charge. By the Associated Press. 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