Evening Star Newspaper, August 24, 1931, Page 8

| THE EVENING STAR ‘With Sunday Morning Edition. WABHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY. «..August 24, 1931 THEODORE W. NOYES. ... Editor per Cempany N ;\‘ ivania A;ll" sy s i 48¢ per month ;90¢ per month 88¢ per e pe. manth HEPper et f Senmmt: at the end Y 2 t. it in by m Fationsl 8000, THE EVENING STAR watershed. !amnmnmumm'mmmtmmeAmanunmh suffering the United States has never |crawling in circles, seeking the relief known such & horror, that is uot in sight. How can one The worst of this situation is that so | estimate the loss in self-respect, in little can be done to relieve it. The peo- | prestige, in futile ballyhoo that New ple have no resources. They have no| York City must pay for the death of defenses. There is virtually no organiza- | four children in the last nineteen tion for their succor. Food supplies are | months and the wounding of more than short at best, engineering works of pre- | fitty innocent bystanders from the bul- vention are almost unknown. Funds are | jets of criminals shooting in the streets? not available for extensive operations. How is one to express the real price of either in cure of the conditions or in | widespread disrespect for law, resulting succor of the people when nature rages. 1t is physically impossibie to reach some of these flooded sections with supplies in | ang corruption among law enforcement time to save the lives of the victims.!ffcers and municipal and State gov- When the waters subside the survivors | ernmental officials? What is the liabil- %0 back to their sodden flelds and begin | ity agsumed by a crime-ridden Nation again, pitifully. to reconstruct their little | which points to an annually increasing WASHINGTON D. €. MONDAY THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. ‘The owl is a lugubrious bird. Flying as it does by night, it is some- times heard but never see: Hence most pecople’s acquaintance 1 with it is confined solely to its cry. And what a cry it is! Surely there is nothing in Nature from the faflure of law enforcement, of [ more mournful, perhaps that is why a | birds. | fix the penalty that accompanies graft | sinister superstition has attached to the | dusk, we spotted one walkin; of the owl. In the silence of night. waking from sleep, one is depressed, made resentful, even. Why should a bird made such a noise, just because it fiies at night? ‘The notes are loud, clear, all the | | | 11all the bedies of the thousands upon thousands who have been drowned or nd and Virginia. planting enterprises. and as the streams |, mper of convictions, jail sentences |louder because there is scarcely any | H ‘ hat | other sound, except the monotonous | and jail populations as evidence that ® \ng of the ~hot bugs.” | outside the window, and we could watch him for several minutes, during which time he made no motion at all, except when he stood on one leg, when he broke into a sort of shivering. ‘The thrushes, gone for several weeks, are among ‘the most missed of our . _But the other evening, just at g sedately | among the shrubbery, as thrushes do, |and, sure enough, that was what it | was. It was a_baby thrush, now grown large, and finally it flew to the limb |of tree, and sat the silhouetted inst the sky, and was still there en dark came on. * ok ok W Quincy, yellow nemsis of blue jays, . | another grea -| ernmental power in Washi Rate by Mafl—Payable in Advance. Maryla; All Other States and Canada. il 4ng Sunday...iyr. §me.. 81, E 7, ol RS . 11:,&_ 100 155 3800 ime. S0 ‘Member of the Associated Press. Associated Press is exclusivels ertitied to the use for repubiication of all ne Ptches credited fo it or not eiherise dies In this piser and also the iectl ished Bevein. * Al richis of subiication of #pecial 1ispaiches herein are ilso reserved. Fall of the Labor Party. Ramsay MacDonald remains prime minister of Great Britain, but the La- bor Party is no longer enthroned at No. 10 Downing street. Unable to present & tinited front in favor of unavoidable re- ! duction of government expenditure, the Labor ministry resigned today. Imme- diately afterward King George request- od Mr. MacDonald to form & national non-party government for the purpose of balancing the budget. The new cab- fnet, with the Labor premier at its head, is in process of formation, Con- servatives and Liberals having consent- ed to serve in a coalition ministry un- der Mr. MacDonald. Former Premier Stanley Baldwin will take office as the principal representative of his group, and some outstanding Liberals will en- ter the national cabinet in the name of Lioyd George's faction. Only the iliness of “the little Welshman" prevents his own Inclusion. ‘'Thus another chapter in British po- litical history is written, and written to the glory of the mother of Parliaments. A government falls and a successor steps into its place without semblance of popular upheaval. Modern Britain mever faced a more desperate emer- gency than the one which so sum- marily ended Labor's second lease of power after two and a quarter tortuous years. It was the chaos into which the ‘budget had fallen that directly led to t events. Heavily augmented ex- penditure, mainly the unemployment who have starved and been tossed aside ! are brought to view, the hideous pen- alty for the sins of past generations of Chinese, devastators of the land, de- stroyers of forests, exploiters of the soil The Wickersham report on the cost of crime will take its due place among the other interesting papers prepared by this hard working body of men and women. It, as are the others, is and the people. There is & “new China” now in the making, a China of some semblance of | ] " jorderly government, with an intelligent | comprehension of the needs of the land. | It is having a hard time m develop- | ment, what with civil war and foreign | complication and domestic distress. The | succor that can be given by others is but little. The rescue of China from it: own disasters must be effected by China itselt. i gl | New York's Crime War. | New York, aroused by repeated atroc- | ities committed by gangmen, is now stirring ftself to action to enforce the | laws and to suppress the racketeers and professional killers. A vast meeting is to be held tonight in Central Park, at which speeches will be made by leaders of public thought, officials and phi- Ianthropists. Conferences are being con- | ducted between representatives of the municipal and Pederal governments, | looking to concerted action. -Volunteer | services of civilian organizations are under consideration as a means of sup- plementing the police force of the ‘metropolis. Last night, while these activities were pressing forward, a bunch of gangsters kidnaped tprec men at a dance hall and bundling them into a motor car drove them off to a secluded neighbor- hood in Brooklyn and there, lining them up against a wall, turned a machine gun on them and shot them down. One died immediately and the other two are dying, one of the latter telling an un- illuminating story of their seizure. This was doubtless an . intergang reprisal crime as two of the victims had crim- inal records. Evidently the shooting of these three full of valuable data for the astonished historian of the future who sets about recording an amazing epoch in the struggles of humanity to attain civiliza- | It falls wide of the mark as an help to stem tion. instrument that might the rising tide of criminality and law- I° lessness. A few innocent bystanders ve been felled by gangster buliets n New York, There are upward of & bystanders in this country an inspired leadership that will their burden of crime. xperts can pile their statistics moun- tain high, and nothing will come of it. i S A poetess has been ‘discovered who is described as writing better sonnets than Shakespeare or Mrs. Browning lif§ study to both these authors in order to form an opinion comparing théir work with that of the new one. In a time of so much need of thoughtful attention to affairs of government and finance, responsible intelligence may hesitate about devoting its efforts to the task of reaching a positive decision in so momentous a task of discrimina- tion. —r——— In discussing the Pinchot idea of a special session of Congress, Senator encouraged to depend on the United States Government and evade respon- sibilities. To a Governor as conspicu- ously aggressive in assuming responsi- bilities as Mr. Pinchot the remark of the Senator may sound a little like what is colloquially termed ‘just back talk.” ————— the laws are being enforced? i hundred and twenty million mnoccnt“ waiting for Commissions of | It would be necessary to give renewed | Reed says State Governors must not be | H if these calls were not enou'!‘:n. But, there comes another. a mockery of first, a lower pitched, giggling soun Perhaps it is the answer of the female owl to its mate. The listener, however, refuses to credit the beasts with | sense. and continues egard the more yfl)eculhr gurgle as a' variation of the rst. *x ¥ ¥ 4 Stuffed owls are more satistactory companions. The vogue for them has disappeared, but no doubt will be revived again, as ings are. F things look better on top of a | boozcase, for instance, than a small owl. The art of making glass cyes long ago jreached such a pitch that the eyes of a stuffed owl appeared almost as men- acing as those of a real one in a tree. ‘The expression, “Wise old owl,” comes down through the centuries. The God dess Pallas Athena was accompanied by an owl. It divided honors with the serpent, when it came to & reputation | for_wisdom. This reputation, as among men, seens to have been badly placed. There is not a whit of evidence to show that an owl or a serpent is any wiser than any other creature. Serpents, in fact. are cold and slug- gish anél cannot contain the divine fire which flowers in knowledge and wisdom. i o | _An owl would be a wiser bird. to some {of us, if he refrained from that out- landish cry in the night What call has he, indeed. to set up for wisdom on our books. when he can- | not manage & more civilized hoot? { The ow! which has aroused our re- sentment does not hoot, as a matter of fact. His is a cry, a wail, an offense in the ears of man. Perbaps be is not an owl, after all, but some other creature. The loon has A peculiar cry, but loons are not found in these paris. | | are glad he has not come back since. | Hearing him once is enough, 06 much, | there was something so eerie, so dis- | tressing, in his absurd syllables. aoxox ox How happy. by contrast, seem the Te- { mainder of the birds! {left for other climes, there are still enough of them to give the garden & cheery aspect. | The fat robins look for worms as No, the disturber is an awl, and we | Even now, when most of them have | insurance dole, raided the exchequer |men was a gesture of defiance by the auntil it faced a deficit of $600,000,000. | gangsters to the eity government, in Mr. MacDonald and twelve out of | answer to the police commissioner's twenty of hip cabinet colleagues favored | orders that his force should wage re- While admitting annoyance because | usual, while in a tree a young one sits of the din of comstruction near his,fat, solemn, motionless. He was just offices, Secretary Doak has not for a! moment favored any idea that employ- | ment should be hampered by a require- | | at last had his revenge. All Summer the beautiful birds had mocked at him, raged at him, caused him to scurry up trees, in a vain effort to_get at them. e cat was helpless, out on a limb, | while the blue and gray birds dove at | him. pecked at him. | His amber eyes looked cat daggers at | them, but never once did he come | within three feet of catching one. | Then, one morning, he appeared with | & huge jay in his mouth. His tribe, | noted for cunning, had won over the | deflance of the saucy birds. It was the first, and we hope the last | time, we ever see a blue jay in the jaws of a cat. Many persons affect to dis- | like the but to us they are as | beautiful, resting birds as any. |~ Indeed. few birds, with the exception | of the cardinal, are any more beautiful |in appearance than the big jays. One | of the most interesting sights of this d Summer, t0 us, was a blue jay sitting in the early morning at the end of a rain gutter along a porch roof, and there emitting his plercing squawk, or | rather scream. * X o2 % We have the privilage of announcing an early Fall and severe Winter. ‘This prediction is made on the base of the cat’s appetite. As friends of the house cat know, this canny animal loses much of its flesh and fur in Summer. Nature, knowing its need for a cooler covering ‘during hot weather, normally causes the domestic cat to drop several ounces of meat, and many hairs. Ordinarily the fat begins to return in Septembef, and the fur along with it, | 50 that by the time cold weather sets in | Tom is well equipped to meet it. | . This time the cats are getting their {old-time Winter appetites back fully two to three weeks earlier than usual. Quincy and his pals began to pick up their eating as much as a week ago. Their appetites have been enormous since. Those who have heard of the cat's whisker have now heard of the cat's appetite. and we rest our case firmly | upon Nature. If others can predict by goose bones and the like, why is not the cat's ap- petite as faithful a guide? ‘Time will tell. Common sense, which tells us that Nature goes by extremes, !also points to an early Fall and cold Winter, and rfflb‘bly a wet one, as it has begun. In Nature, when it is dry it is dry, and when f is wet it is very wet. |in WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS ‘& drastic slash in the dole as the short- #st cut to & balanced budget, plus new ‘The Trade Union Congress, 130 of Mr, MacDonald's seats in | i i of ilment | i I it iz ] Hi g ! B 3 ! ¢ E { i : | i § i ! " [ §Ear g do s0. The continued of Labor's long-trusted and high-minded leader fn the prime min- ister's office is an assurance to Britain's ‘bumbler classes that their interests will mot be permitted to suffer, even though the men they elevated to office in May, 1929, are no longer in supreme au- thority. How grave the London crisis had be- come is indicated by the notice served on the British government during Sun- day’s crucial cabinet meeting. It was toid that the $250,000,000 gold credit Tecently extended to the Bank of Eng- Jand would not be renewed by the Bank of Prance and the New York Federal Reserve Bank unless the government gave prompt evidence that it was going to balance the budget by adequate re- trenchment in expenditure. It was thus & grim condition, and not an idle theory, that confronted Mr. MacDonald and his distracted ministerial colleagues. | Since time immemorial John Bull has been justly proud of Britain's credit. Me has shrunk from no recourse to maintain it. He rejoices in his ability to “muddie through” even the most | soul-trying vicissitudes. The British Dast justifies the belief that the isiand kingdom once again will surmount its trisls gnd perils. - i AR ‘There is me doubt of the trustful pride of Mrs. Lindbergh in her distin- guished husband's proficiency as an aviator. In certain moments of peril, bowever, it would be quite pardonable for her to express a candid preference for the old-fashioned buggy ride. The Chinese Flood Horror. Figures of the Chinese flood disaster thal have been reliably reported from Hapkow tell an almost incredible tale of | death and suffering. Surveys made by an American oll company show that 35,000 square miles are under water in Mupeh Province, with 5,000,000 homeless apd destitute, and 25000 square miles under water in adjoining Hunan Prov- inee, with 2,000,000 people in peril. It is | expression of mere magnitude. An item | estimated that at least 1000 people are lentless war upon the lawless elements 1If the purpose of the slayers was merely to take these men “for a ride” to put them out of the way in punishment for some violation of gang law or betrayal of trust, or trespass upon a prescribed field, they would have been more dis- creet in their operations. But realizing that the advantage is on the side of gunman in almost all cases in & motor these poor wretches around the T, 80 to speak, and blazed away & token of contempt for and public safety. the law and to public security. question is how many lives will be sac- rificed and how much it will cost to end this reign of terror now prevailing. Chicago in its worst times never suf- fered more sorely from gangdom than New York i just now. Perhaps the| forces that are now making wholesale murder in New York are much the| same as those that raged in the Tllinois metropolis. In any event, they are of the same breed, products of the same | conditions. The Nation's hops is that | New York will be more swift and cer- | tain in their suppression than Chicago. | —— The Queen of Women's Tennis. in the women's tennis world. Qut of competition last year and thereby losing R The ““Cost of Crime.” mates the cost of crime in this country at a billicn dollars a year. The figure is admittedly meaningiess except as an of $87.000,000—"possible losses to com- dying datly from starvation and disease aceompanying the floods. Tt 1 com-|Oned criminais’—is of more value as| puted that fully 2,000,000 will have died ‘before the floods abate and the ravages munity of productive labor by impris- a figure of speech than as a statistical estimate and the $311,000 set down as snnual cost of bullet-proof glass car is used, they slmplyl Helen Wills Moody is again gupreme | her title to Betty Nuthall, the English | The Wickersham Commission esti- | ment of noiseless toil. . —— A cycle of depression is not easy to trace in its effects. Whenever a man nearby. grocer and drug@ist are liable to discover another bad customer. ———— Diplomacy’s great task at present is to help bookkeepers for European na- tions straighten out their profit and loss accounts. e SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Over and Over. Over and over, the Summer, & rover, Draws near with a song and a sigh; Her soft serenading too swiftly is fad- ing As Autumn's gray shadows draw nigh. The storm ratties grimly: the sun shines but dimly Till the rainbow’s aglow through the rain. Through every mood ranging. existence keeps changing, Over and over again. Over and over, the bee in the clover Collects of the sweetness a store: And the grasshopper shiftless is doomed with the thriftless To taste of life’s pleasures no more. ‘Midst sorrow or singing the old world goes swinging With joys to efface every pain, And with griefs still Teturning through living and learning Over and over again Questions and Answers. “Do you regard the tariff as the most important question before the public?” “The question isn't so important,” re- plied Senator Sorghum. “as the fact that so many people have so many different answers.” #irl, Mrs. Moody by her performance in | this year’s national singles removed all doubt that there is any woman in the | world today, save perhaps Suzanne Lengien, who can give her much eom-; petition on the courts. In winning her ! seventh title yesterday, Mrs. Moody ! thrust aside the challenges of sixty- three women who set out to dispute her claim, and her final matches, in which she was victor over Mrs. Whittingstall of England by €—4, 6—1, shows her | complete dominance in the realm of | women'’s tennis. No one but Mrs. Molla Mallory can point to & more impressive champion- ship record than Mrs. Moody, and even | she has won only one more title. “Queen Helen” is still ycung enough to count many tennis vears ahead of her and be- fore she discards her racket she should' establish a new mark for triumphs. ' She is the Bobby Jones of the courts and unless she does as he has done and | withdraws from competition there ap- pears to be little danger that any one | Unrecorded Munificences. “I suppose you have made many do- nations to which you have not invited public attention,” said the biographer. “Yes,” replied Mr. Dustin Stax. “Say all you like about the institutions of learning to which I have contributed; but you needn’t mention the musical comedies 1 have backed | { | ! Only a Beginning. They made new laws and did not shirk. But now, what sh: we do v them? Nobody knows how rey will work Until the courts get through with ean successfully dispute her supremacy. | them Even in the midst of very large sur- roundings of unemployment, there no fear that the Gifford committee will experience any shortage of busy days Amenities. “The way they talked about you was most. violent and depreciative,” said the sympatbetic fan “Yes" replied the umpire; ‘“you might almost have thought 1 was a condidate for office in a hot cam- paign.” | In Doubt. { “You had a narrow escape from the | sharks this Summer “Yes," replied Mr. Meekton “Your wife must have been | grateful to the lifeguard who r | you." very escued “I hope s0. I saw her talking to him. {But I'm not sure whether she was thanking him or scolding him for but- ;nnc n" Sensitive Ego. That man must dwell in sad unrest, A vietim of emotions grim. He fancies every passing jest 1s meant to be a “grind” on him. ‘When the Republican National Com- mittee emerges from iis long_hiberna- tion to assemble here next December the 1932 ‘campaign, many new faces {will be seen around the council table. Some notables of yesteryears, veterans of many a hard-fought political skir- mish, will be missing and missed. Death and disappointment have taken | their toll during the new nearly three years which have elapsed since election | day in 1928. Gen. Colemsn du Pont of Delaware has died; Gen. W. W. Atterbury of Pennsylvania has resigned. The veteran Californian, Willlam H. | Crocker. has resigned. Death has taken Emile Runtz of Louisiana. On the women's side, Mrs. Charles H. Sabin of New York resigned, and with her | Mrs. George Orvis of Vermont and M Charles J. Stedman of Rhode Islan | Mr. Hoover's friend, Pranklin J. Poi {of New Jersey. has resigned as secr | tary of the National Committee. Chair- man Dr. Work has departed and his successor. Claudius Huston, has van- ished without a trace. That charming and poised feminine executive, Mrs. committee, is on permanent leave of absence pending settiement of the tick- lish business of picking her successor. Other changes of lesser note have occurred and others are in prospect. * % Mrs. Hert. as vice chairman, re- linquished all active connection with National Committee affai shortly after Mr. Hoover's inauguration. sent her resignation to just about the time that estimable | gentleman was being eased out of office. | There was a great stir about selecting her successor. The rivairies and the | wire-pulling soon had the White House |on edge. Mrs. Hert was prevailed upon resignation. She continues to this day | to carry the title. but It 1s only a title A new post, “Director of the Women's Division,” 'was created—a full-time salaried job. . That is now held by Mrs. Yost of West Virginia. who was on the Hoover headquarters staff in 1928. Mrs. Yost “has complete charge of women's activities." Her loyalty to Mr. Hoover is unflinching. her mastery of politics second to none, male or female. resignation be acted upon in December, or whether the troublesome business of naming her successor can be still | further postponed, is an open question. > ox % sylvania representation on the Natio | Committes, occasioned by the resig been filled. That is a story all fts own. Mr. H ‘s good frient Mark L. | cecded Committeeman Crocker. Assist- |ant Secretary of Navy Ernest Lee man fr Louisiana. Coleman du Pont’ s0n-| C. W. Buck, now Governor imitteeman from that State. Ruth | Pratt of New York succeeded Mrs. the Vanderbilt clan, succeeded Mrs. Stedman as Rhode Island’s feminine The important vacancy in the Pem }(mn of Gen. Atterbury has not yet Requa, California oil magnate, has suc- Jahnke is the new National Committee- | of Delaware, is the new National Com- Sabin. Mrs. Paul Fitz Simmons of member. * ok ox % | _The complete chronicle of changes in | the National Committee membership | since 1928, in addition to those enu- | merated in the preceding paragraph, | include the following: Senator Thomas of Idaho resigned his place on the commitiee, following his elevation to the Senate. and his place was taken by Ezra Whitla. Willlam J. Mulligan of South Dakota died and was succeeded by 8. X. Way: Mrs. Elizabeth Clark of Ohio died and was succeeded by Mrs, Wilmer LeVare; Mrs. Margaret Tucker replaced Mrs. George Orvis in Ver- mont. George De B. Kelm of New Jersey is the new secretary of the National Committee v * % ow % Reports that the resignation of Sena- tor Fess as National chairman was im- minent have gradually subsided. His retirement from this past is not looked for now prior to next year's convention. gxg::w;e Director Lucas is rum; the ational headquarters and heading u ) ;}l o"l t;:earn:mhn work. ’n'euunl; utt of leveland is dol the worry- ing over the finances, a: h'l Alvin T. Hert, vice chairman of the n Work, | to sanction the pigeon-holing of her | hether Mrs. Hert will insist that her | e | 11 | the active director of the organization | work and with his hand at the throttle. {All that is changed now. Mr. Nutt is finds himself in unemployment the |t Tatify preliminary arrangements for | the finencial man, Mr. Lucas the organ- | fzation man, and the hand at the | throttle the President's own. * ok x x ‘The storm that raged about the head Director Lucas last Spring, when his | surreptitious ald to Senator Norris' | enemies in Nebraska was brought to |light by the Nye Committee, has sub- | sided, too. It looked for a while as if | Lucas would have to go the way of Claudius Huston. But Lucas took the | gaff_manfully, stood by his guns, ex- | changed shot for shot with his assail- |ants and retained the President’s sup- | port and confidence. Today it appears |that Mr. Lucas is safely anchored to his post until the votes are counted in November a year hence. * x % % James Francis Burke of Pittsburgh, general counsel of the Republican Na- tional Committee, and in the inmer circle in the 1928 campaign, has not been heard from recently, his impor- tance in organization affairs ever de. pendent on White House grace. | Whether he will blossom forth again in all his glory is anybody's guess. The mystery man of the moment is Ray T. Benjamin of San Francisco, a long-time Hoover lieutenant, who has forsaken his | West Coast law practice to begome an unofficial adviser at Republican Na- tional headquarters, Hoover Ambassa- dor without portfolio. He has had lots |of press mention as likely Hoover choice to succeed Chatrman Fess. The best informed quarters put little stock in that rumor at present. Postmaster General Brown is regularly touted as the National chairman in the next cam- paign. but has a man’s size job already, that is wholly to his liking. The friends of Secretary of War Patrick Hurley | figure him "for second place on the Hoover ticket, if Charlie Curtis quits, and if Curtis stays, are ready to boom Hurley for the National chairmanship. The idea seems to have much plau- sibility. Hurley has the air and the flair to grace the role, (Copyright. of 1981 New Steamer Evidences Quality of U. S. Work From the Houston Chronicle; Ships from all over the seven seas | come into the harbor of New York, but none was welcomed with more enthusi- asm than the President Hoover, 23-000- ton liner just completed for the Dollar Line and soon bound for the Ori way of the Panama Canal and Ha 5 Since the passage of the Jones-White act by Congress in 1928 the United States has witnessed a renaissance in shipping. Not only has the Americen | been carried at the masthead of | more vessels. The ships themselves are being constructed in American | shipyards rather than at Belfast or | Glasgow. The $8,000,000 liner Presi- | dent Hoover is the largest ever built |in an American yard and is the last word in luxurious appointments, meet- ing the standards of the most exacting. |Its owners are Americans and it will tour the world carrying Americans to the far corners of the earth. In constructing the new Dollar steamship American shipbuilders Have demonstrated the fact that their wui is inferior to none. The job of bu {ing the latest “greyhound of the sea" was one which many shared. The steel |came from American mills; the work- |men who shaped that steel into the | huge bull of the President Hoover were { Americans, earning good wages. | These are troublous days on the | ocean, with the many shipping firms on both the Atlantic and Pacific cutting ‘mu to the bone in an effort to at- Itract freight and passengers. At the | present time the ~so-called “luxury” trade with European ports is almost | non-existent and the steamship come- | panies which have hitherto catered to | the class of free spenders who ordina- | rily Summer on the continent are find- |ing the strain of competition rather | severe. America’s est liner was not bullt or the transatlantic trips of the rich, ‘But for the round-the-world cruises | ‘h the Dollar Line has been spon- g at more moderate rates. It is 1o be hoped that more will be built and that the companies will Americans patronizing their vessels. ‘They deserve the support of the Amer- ican people. \ | How They Get That Way.' From ‘the Mamilion bniario) Specaior, AR ‘The dwn,u ponents of unemployed who wish tl sue, going politics involved. the idea that the Federal Government should enter upon this work win out, t step will have been made toward th: centralization of all gov- nfl:n. The next demand might well be the policing ment. President Hoover has definitely taken bis stand in opposition to having the Federal Government assume the work of caring for the unemployed through Federal contributions and a dole sys- tem. He has appointed Walter S. Gif- fcrd, president of the American Tele- phone & Tel Co., to head a com- mission to Work out the plans for Ni tion-wide aid to be carried out in deiafl ! through the co-operation of the States iand the local agencies set up for the purpose. * x x % Political opponents of the President are ringing the changes with repeated demands for a call of Congress into special session to “do something” {2 relieve the unemployment situation. | Among. the latest demands along these lines is one: from Gov. Gifford Pinchot of Pennsy'vania, who insists that the Pederal Government must ccme to the aid of the unemployed with substantial appropriations. Gov. Pinchot has been credited with presidential ambitions. 1t has been said that he wishes the backing of the Pennsylvania delegation, the sccond largest, in the next Republicar national ccnvention for the presiden- tial nomination, although in justice to the Pennsylvania Govérnor it must be seid that he has not by any means de- clared bimseif a candidate, * x % Gov. James Rolph, jr., of California, the President’s own State, has rang himself fiatly on the side of the Chief Executive in this matter of relief for the unemployed, declaring in a me ag? to sident Hoover that Cali- torniy will look after its own uuem- ployed and that it stands ready to co- operate with ‘the Federal Government and the other States in a general pro- gram to meet the situation. It is ex- pected that the Governors of the States generally will give early consideration to plans for State aid in the unem- ployment situation, which, it is de- clared, is likely to be worse the com- ing Winter than it was last. fadecafwo Governots of widely sep- arated Sfates are giving this matter their most earnest attention, one in New York and the other in Wiscon- sin. Gov. Roosevelt is to have the State Legislature on his hands this week and Gov. Philip La Follette of the Badger State is 1o call a special zession of the Legislature in the late Fall or in December. The call for special session of the New York Legis- lature by Gov. Roosevelt was precipi- tated by the demand of the Legislative Committee investigating the govern- ment ot New York City for power to rl-nt i.lnmunlliuw witnesses appear- ng before it. t now that the Legis- }A(l&l‘; is to meet, Gov. Romevelt‘ is Der; ecting a program for unemploymen relief which he will submit to the legis- lators for their approval and the neces- sary legislation to put it through, * k%% As Gov. Roosevelt has come to be generally regarded as the leading presi- dential possibility on the Democratic side of the fence, what he does and what he asks of the special session of the New Yk Legislature assumes far more than loasl and State importance. The Legislatuge is controlled by the Republicans. B the Govemnor puts forwerd a wise program of relief and it is rebuffed by the Republicans, he will have strengthened himself ai expense of his political op) the ‘sam program e time, if his rel is a and works ‘lmvl‘hrk:uhmt s rt‘: win general approval oul State. It has been declared that addi- tional funds are needed by the State if it undertakes f‘fl&e adequate meas- ures of rellef for ‘coming Winter. Additior:al funds can be obtained either through new taxes or tax ul . ‘The Governor is quite naturally &p- posed to an increase in State taxatiom, even for the purpose of relief for the unemployed, and if it comes to a bond issue he will demand that the securi- ties be short-time notes, it is said. * * ok x Gov. Roosevelt's message to the Legis- lature will be scanned with peculiar interest in view of the demands made upon him by Tammany leaders that the proposed legislative program vestigation of city government in New York State, on theory that Republic~ an controlled citles are corruptly man- aged. These Tammany leaders have conceived the idea that if the legisla- tion is widensd in that fashion, the Re- publicans will resist it, and there will follew a deadlock and the Tammany government of New York City will not be subjected te the scarching inves- tee and its counsel, Judge Samuel Sea- bury, an ind>pendent Democrat of the old school, are not demanding. If Gov. Roosevelt, in outlining the of the legislative sessiom, falls in wil the, plans of the Tammany leaders, it is likely to be proclaimed, far and wide, that he has.yielded finally to Tammany pressure. On the other hand, Gov. Roosevelt is a Democrat and there is every reason, from a party stand- point, ‘why he should be wiling to give his party a talking point against the Republican opposition, if corrup- tion can be shown up in Republican strongholds of the State. Since the Governor agreed to call the Legisla- ture in special session to put through a law strengthening the hands of the Legislative Committee investigating New York City, his action has been in- terpreted as a willingness to break with Tammany, if need be. and his prestige has grown saccordingly up- state in New York and out through the country, which does not look upon the Tammany Tiger as the lamb it likes to picture itself. But if he turns the Tammany l:aders down flatly, the Governor finds himself in an awkward position with his party in Greater New York, a position he has up until the present avoided. Tammany leaders, from Curry down, have been char: about declaring themselves for Roose- velt for President. On one occasion, when Mr. Curry was asked the ques- tion point blank whether Tammany would support the Roosevelt candidacy in the next Democratic national con. vention, the Tammany leader smiled and turned the conversation into an other channel without committing him- self and his organization one way or the other. It is not beyond the bounds ge. Get the habit ,uun of the country by the Federal Govern- | H tau who have twice made six hits in | | the “only-two piayers widened 5o as to permit a general in- | 5¢Sting tigation that the Legislative Commit- | tiousi ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. your letter to The Evening Star Information Bureau, Prederic J.| Director, 'ashington, D. C. | Q. Who are the Major League play- bat?—P. T. Delahanty are | in the history of | the majors to make six hits in six | times at bat, twice in their careers. Bottomley turned the trick previously on September 16, 1924. Frisch, Cobb, Carey, Bancroft, Cuyl Keeler and many others have ed the trick once, but only Bottomley and Dele- ‘hanty have done it twice. Q. ghn first made an ear-trumpet? —A. D. A. The first mechanical contrivance | for the purpose of improving the hear- | ing made by 'Dr. Yeardsley of London in 184 i Q. Where does the Gulf Stream origi- nate?—¥F. P. A. It owes its origin to the northeast trade winds, which blow constantly to. ward the American shore from the di- rection of the Canary and Cape Verds Islands. wind sets in motion broad, shallow film of water upon the surface of the &f““ and tm:;n when n six times al A ing | low-caste person has ‘ea becomes restricted, it is driven through the Yucatan Chan- nel to the Gulf of Mexico. Q. What sun rays are supposed to be most beneficial to health?—M. J. M. A. The ultrasviolet rays and the infra-red rays. Q. In what way is the Ginkgo tree peculiar?—W. 8. T. | A. The Ginl is not & native Ameri- | fer, or a cone-bearing tree, which at the same time sheds its leaves annually. This peculiar tree occupies somewhat the same among trees that the group of mammals to which the kangaroo torfc ancient form and has no near relatives. The type of tree which the Ginkgo represents was most abundant during the Jurassic period of geology. | Q. Has the American war on illiteracy | brought results?>—J. H. A. The Nation-wide effort to stamp | out illiteracy has had notable effect. | In 1920 there were 4,931,905 persons 10 years old or over who could neither read nor write. In 1930, there were 4283,749. This means that there is only 4.3 per cent of the tion in this class, while in 1920 per- centage was 6. | Q. How cld was the author of “In | Flanders' Fields” at the time of his | death?—C. C. d A. He was 45. John David McCrae was a Canadian physician, son of an army officer. He volunteered in 1914, and crossed with the Canadian Pield | Artillery. He served in the field, and | later in a hospital ‘as second in com- | mand. ~ He died of pneumonia. | earth 1o the —N. D Q. What is the yellow substance in the crab?—B. W. A. The yellow substance which is found in a crab is mostly fat. Some portions of it may be the eggs. Q How is the distance from the stars measured in miles? A. The adopted unit of stellar dis- tance is the distance traveled by a light wave in a year. This unit is called the light years. The distance in light years ly is then ited into miles, using as a basie the factethat the velocity of light 186,300 miles per second, and it travels from the sun to the earth in 499 seconds. Q. How long has cricket been played in England?—L. D. . A. Cricket seems to have evolved slowly from an older game. It is prob- ably a specialized form of club ball. It was certainly being played under the name of cricket by boys of the free ‘hool of Guildford as early as 1550. Q. While traveling in India I ob- served that the Hindus carry small brass bowls. Why is this?—G. K. A. Every Hindu, even a child, car- ries his individual dri bowl. The water. The cas| he drink wnu’;o.m'wnk:hml' g OWBM Wwas the last of the Caesars? A. Nero was the last of the imperial milly, but thereafter Caesar became itle of dignity. From the name were derived the German kaiser and Rus- slan tsar, Q. Is there extant tion of the personal arance of Dr.- Samuel Johnson and wife?—O. L, A. Thomas Campbell, in a diary, des scribed the eminent English by rapher and man of letters, with whom he was personally acquainted, in tfi 1 terms. “He has the aspect an idiot, without the faintest ray of sense gleaming from any one feature— with the most awkward garb and pow- dered gray wig, on one side of his head; he is forever dancing n exact descrip- drivelling effort to whistle some in his absent paroxysms.” Da: Mom rick, the great English actor who ab one time lived with the Johnsons, des scribed Mrs. as “very fat, with a bosom of more than ordinary proe tuberance, with swelled cheeks of & florid red, produced Q. What is the total amount of money spent in the United States im a year?—E. 8. A In 1929 000,000 was spent in the United States, A Yosemite covers an 1,200 aquere miles and lakes and streams. area of ni has lbu\n-a e i Michigan's prompt punishment of ! inast brutal murders in the | has set B peopte of the State ri in this instance the lack of a death penalty in their laws.” The News says as to the in the case that “probably uu{ represent the quickest disposition of a major | criminal case the ‘history of the American courts.” b “In Washtenaw County, h.” says the New York Sun, “every from xpedt: Evidi a y. ca) of work e men are of it. The celerity of the public officitls of Washtenaw County will command approval through- out the nation.” The Connelisville Daily Courler thinks that “if other knew with as much certainty that their trials would be conducted with as little waste of time as in the Mlcm case, there would certainly be less A * * % ¥ “Out of the welter of confusion,” re- | eled, sentenced, A othing more could be asked, since the ghastly crime could not be uncommitted. * ¢ * It was an epic in the dispen- sation of justice—to the limit that was possible and allowable. And now there is time to devote a thought to the grie ing families who have lost so much. Would it not be gratifying if only ml: Tay of lig two boys who battled to the there women and men.” Of the not enough. stincts were a minus quantity in their make-up. Beasts of the jungle, in their most savage moments, would not com- | mit_such acts of wanton degeneracy. Those who committed the crime, in ~pinion of the St. Louis Times, “are ‘Sagond the hope of corrective agencies taken to deal st ntly with the prob- | of possibility, however, that Tammany will be on ths Rooseveit band wagon in time for the national convention. Kok ox In 1928 former Gov. Alfred E. Smith, who had four times been elected Gov-| ernor of New York, at times, too, when the Republicans were carrying the State overwhelmingly for their presidential mnominee, failed to win New York though he was himself the presidential candidate. It is admitted, however, even by Republicans in touch with the situation in their State of New York, that Franklin D. Roosevelt in all prob- ability would make a stronger cand! date for President in 1932, so far as New York is concerned, than Al Smith Roosevelt has in Republicans say, ‘would the Democratic the City of New York and a very independent vote. He carried last year in the gubernatorial election by more than 700,000 votes, . * s fiumu d Texas. through the ‘powers . s‘mim-.hnuuu wma"' the lem of overproduction of crude oil, shut~ ting down the wells until prices for the uct go up. If the Governors of States in the wheat and cotton belts could act as drastically in the matter of overproduction of wheat and cotton, the eral Fai Board might realize its dreams of curtailed wheat and cot- ton crops, giving the farmers of those crops eventually a better price for them. Gov. Long of Louisiana is urging legis- lation to prohibit the planting of cotton in next year. Incidentally “Alfalfa Bill" Murray, Governor of Oklahoma, dealt so drastically with the tion. is mentioned member of the Democratic for President Club.” no ltun.;l.'h o Wi Speed of Michig ford an Justice their offense H ® and if it i L jifif:f : g i E it I ol il T H 8 | i Condemnation of “attempts to sub- stitute baptisms of unwanted and re~ Jjected laws for moral instruction and example™ is voiced by the ‘ Akron Beacon Journal, with the further ecom- ment: “The harvest we reap from this errant endeavor is a wave of acy, all iaw, no greater degree than that w! in the Nation's th, fral were caught too late,” “we have not yet found a way e ':u" mm‘ Charles- !W‘nflnfi to “a refs feature of the case—that no indi or made ttempt make martyrs out of u:u"‘ .cflan.: as they have done in other cases which. while ot quite so heinous, are still of a nature that deserves condign punish- ment. “When murder or other crime is committed in Michigan,” records the Bristol Herald Courier, “the legal ma- chinery usually moves swiftly and. surely. Probably that explains why there is as little, if not less, crime in Michigan, where life imprisonment is m' cx.t.i-xeln;‘pemn;ih:h-n in States . have caj punishment.” The Scranton commen! Times agitation in Michigan a nsotor!hzad on of the death pens alty, : “The situaticn in other States where capital punishment is the law was cited and it was pointed out that in many instances jurors hesitate to the death penalty and fre- quently slayers escape with compara- tively light " “It is time to strike terror into the souls of heartless criminals and to make the nmhunent fit the act,” the Lexington , while the ted !e:u:u that ths : warranted “there is a p- In Murder Trial Is Praised