Evening Star Newspaper, April 13, 1931, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR " With Sunday Morning Edition, WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY.........April 13, THEODORE W. NOYES. Editor The Evening Star Newsp: per“Cu;puuA ‘Buai ce t afl:nflnuy vania Ave. ce; J10, East d2nd &t i, Lake Michizan ‘Bulldine. ice; 14 Regent ., London, Rate by Carribr Within the City. e ing Sta +gi4;49¢ per month ming a H (when 4 !ulldl 60c per month The Evening an i undays The Sunday Star 0 per cops Collection made at the enid of each menth. Qiders mag be sent in by mail or telephone Ational $000. ! g Rate by Mail—Payable in @dnm. Maryland and Virginia. y and Sunda: .1yr., $10.00: 1 mo., 85¢ E§x.f oonly 135 §200: 1 me. 386 All Other States and Canada, ily and Sunday...lyr. $12.00: 1 mo.. $1.00 Bl b o A RURE R R sy Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the s0 Al new) T All rign:s of publcation of special dispatches herein are also roserved. = ‘When to Spend. In a radio address Dr. Julius Klein, Assistant Secretary of Commerce, de- seribes the provision of more jobs as the “one sclution—and only one"—of the whole problem of business depres- sion. Devoting a large part of his ad- dress to statistics indicating the part played by the Governm'nt in pro- viding jobs, he points out that about $725,000,000 is being sp-nt on Fderal public works this year, as contrasted with the $275,000,000 so spent in the! calendar year 1928, an increase of 167 per cent. In March of this ycar the Federal-aid road contracts amounted to $52,000,000, as against $13,000,000 in March, 1930. Other figures indicat> expenditures and proposed expenditures by some of the great industrial estab- | lishments. The Federal Government is thus prac- ticing & throry that is relatively new. The theory is that the proper time for the Government to save money and to practice rigid econcmy is when pros- perity is at its psak, with money flow- ing freely. The time to put up the flood- gates and open the purse strings is when depression strikes and times are hard. Development of the theory along lines prescribed by economists, and not poli- ticlans, would mean that in future) prosperous times the Government will | turn Shylock, save every penny that can be hoarded away for a rainy day, and increase taxes to the maximum that the trafic will bear. In future hard times the Federal Government will take off the lid and send the shovel men to the Treasury vaults. When everybody else is beginning to save and stops spending, the Federal Government will | take just the opposite course. ; “The results of spending are now bi- coming apparent. If the return of gen- eral prosperity tends to bring the Gov- ‘ernment back to a basis of rigid econ- omy, there should likewise be bégun a systematic study of future ways to spénd money, with the carrying out of plans-held in abeyance. That is the . general principle outlined by Senator ‘Wagner and propesed by the President’s Conference on Unemployment after the war. It may become an accepted policy, with thé size of Federal appropriations depending entirely upon the state of business. When business is bad, the Government will spend. When business s good, the Government .will save. ———at—. Folk dances will undoubtedly be culti- wvated in this country, but discrimination will be employed. The “turkey trot” went its way years ago and the “Charleston” did not last long. Dances of the classic type will have to be relied on until genuine folk dances are devel- oped on more consistent lines of grace. et Impeachment by Senate. Senator Bingham of Connecticut ad- vances a proposal that the Senate be @iven coequal rights with the House to bring impeachment proceedings agiinst officlals, executive and judicial, of the Pederal Government. The reason he advances for this proposal is that un- der the political system which prevails & House of Representatives will decline to initiate impeachment proceedings against officials appointed by the Presi- dent who presumably is of the same party as & majority of the House. The Senate, on the other hand, Senator Bingham contends, is not so closely bound to the Chief Executive by po- litical ties because it is & continuing body, with only one-third of its mem- bership elected at a time and its mem- bers not having any particular reason to be so loyal to the President. estimate of the Senate advanced by Senator Bingham perhaps has been the result of his observation of the insur- gent Republicans, who have held the balance of power in the last few years. “It is obvious,” says Senator Bing- ham, “that in the last analysis the safest protection which the people can have against arbitrary, tyrannical or dishonest public officials is through impeachment proceedings of some sort or other. The fact that during the past 140 years the House has only once brought before the Sepate an admin- istrative or executive officer appointed by the President shows that the present system, as provided for in the Constitution, does not work.” The argument of the Senator seems to call for more and better impeach- ments. The facts he advances may, however, bear testimony to the wisdom of Presidents in selecting high ap- pointive officials of the Government, and to the Senate in permitting these appointments to be made. Purther- more, if an official of the Government s actually gulilty of dishonest practices, he may be tried in the courts as other citizens are tried. There have been officials of the Government forced out of office by the President of the United Btates because of ineficiency or worse. If Senator Bingham's proposal were adopted, might it not lead to a long series of political impeachment pro- ceedings, brought by & strong group of anti-administeation Senators in order to embarrass the administra- If it is difficult, The | rage against the administration, as it frequently is? Would not such a plan tend to break down orderly government and also ‘might it not be exceedingly who happen to come under the dis- pleasure of a majority of the Senate? Senator Bingham has included in his proposal a new court te try impeach- ment cases. He would have, in the event impeachment is started in the Senate, a court composgd of ten senior members of each political party, and four senior members of the Supreme Court and the Chief Justice or Vice President as presiding officer. If the impeachment proceedings arose in the House, then the fourt would be com- posed of ten Senators from each political party, plus the members of the Supreme Court. In this way, Senator Bingham believes, it would be possible to obtain & fair trial, leaving the balance of power in the hands of the members of the Supreme Court. The difficulty lies, | however, not so much in getting a fair trial once the impeachment has been launched, but in the tendency that may arise to bring frequent impeach- ment proceedings for political reasons primerily, The Connecticut Senator, as a reason for putting forward his proposal at this time, cites the case of Dr. George Otis Smith, chairman of the Federal Power Commission. The Senate, Mr. Bingham contends, is seeking to impeach Dr. Emith because of an act he performed after he was appointed chairman and took office. It is acting by indirection Eecause it cannot act directly. The case Eenator Binghem cites, however, is streng’y political, an effort to get rid of a Government officlal by the Senate because that official acted contrary to the desires of a majority of the Senate, not because of malfeasance in office. If the Senate is to be allowed to bring impreachment proceedings whenever it wishes to attack an official of the ad- ministration, there may be no end to the thing. Furthermore, officials will become more and more subservient to the Senate. — ————— Alfonso’s Tottering Fortunes. “This King busine: s an irreverent American described pest-war develop- ments in formerly more royalist Europe, is in a pretty bad way in Spain today, following yestercay’s communal elec- tions throughout the country. They resulted’ in a Republican landslide. In at least two-thirds of the larger cities anti-monarchial candidates were cwept into municipal office on a straight- out platform o(. abolition of the throne and abdication of King Alfonso. The sportsman-sovereign failed even to carry his own wards, as it were. Madrid, San Sebast’an and Aranguez, in all of which places his majesty has residences, rolled up huge Republican majorities. The same story is recorded in Guadalajara, home town of Count Romanones, foreign minister in the King's cabinet and one of the mainstays of Alfonso’s reeling Tegime. The Madrid cabinet is meeting today in emergency session, to consider the question which, put in Yahkee parlance, reads: “Where do we go from here?” Early dispatches suggest that the cabinet will advise the King to go to a military dictatorship, in order to fend off a revolt which may be the logical sequence of the monarchial debacle at the polls. The ‘Sunday municipal elections, which brought out a record vote of more than 4,000,000 enfranchised Spaniards, including women who are heads of families, do not of themselves decide the fate of the dynasty. This will be more directly at stake in May, when the lower house of the Cortes is to be will be voted for. The Republicans flushed. They demand what their party nzme indicates, Obliteration of the monarchy is their frank and irreducible minimum. ¢ Yesterday's vote was the first exerctse of suffrage in Spain since Dictator de Rivera biotted pepular government out of existence in 1923. The result must be a crushing disappointment to King Alfonso. It was mainly at his instigation, several months ago, that a semblance of free speech, free press, free assembly and free suffrage was restored. It is unmistakable that the medicine was not strong enough to serye as an antidote to the rising fever of republicanism. ————— Numerous party experts are begin- ning to protest that there are in politics many hard problems demanding dis- cussion besides “hard licker.” RS Stalin’s. Grave Defect. The gentleman who styles himself Joseph Stalin—his real name bemng something quite different and far less pronounceable—who is the real ruler of Russia, suffers from a lack of the sense of humor. It is a serious failing. It makes his rough path of governmental dictation even more difficult. Perhaps a psychologist would analyze him as the victim of an inferiority complex, that mischievous quality of mind that makes men afraid of their own limitations. | That Stalin is thus deficient in the humorous sense is indicated plainly by the latest report of his autocratic be- havior. The story is told, without de- nial or correction, by the victim of his | indignation, an American woman who { has been lately residing in Russia with her husband, an engincer serving the Soviet government in an advisory ca- pacity. The wife, gifted with literary ability, has been writing about Russia { for American periodicals. Recently an | article by her was printed here in a magazine of very wide circulation. It was entitled, “See Russia and Die | Laughing.” When a copy reached Mos- cow and the matter was translated Stalin was greatly aggrisved. He or- dered that the lady be sent out of the country, her husband likewise. Maybe any government would resent and perhaps wish to send away a stranger who wrote a “piece” with such a title. But it would be absurd to carry out such an order for the reason that the Moscow foreign office frankly gave for the eviction. Therein lies the demonstration that Stalin is deficlent | And sigh, “Oh, can we ever learn, in humorous perception. For the ex- planation was offered that it was not the article in general or its title that caused official ire to rise, but a That anecdote, reported as current in Moscow to the secret joy of the people, told how a boy saved the life of a man, who | cookin’,” said Uncle Eben, “is dat you in_ expressing his gratitude m.mmmumw might be named, sey= no fear of & hold-up steppin’ 0 particular anecdote related in it. elected, and in June, when a new seriate | ienter the Cortes campaign victory- | bey body that drowning. Of course, if Stalin is so desperately | 1931 | unfair to officials of the Government unpopular in Russix 8s to make such a Jjoke a current cause of rejoicing, he is perhaps to be forgiven for being sensi- tive on the subject. In such a case ;mu incident goes further than to ex- plain the eviction of the writer. It ex- plains much more than that. It re- | veals a very serious condition in Russia, especially if the “five-year plan” is, as some well informed writers are now re- lating, breaking down with a heavy “easualty™ list. A tyrant without a sense of humor is !an object of pity as well as of resent- jment. Stalin needs guidance in the humanities to lessen his dangers. o s Airmail From Central Africa. NMuch pride and satisfaction have been felt over the saving of hours in mail transportation in this country by plane. A good deal of fuss was made & short tiMe ago when as much as a whole day was cut off the time of letter transit between the Atlantic and the Pacific coasts. After that achievement little if anything remains to be accom- yplished in North America in the way |of mail savings, unless it be on the north-south lines, beyond the bound- aries of the United States, which are but little used for postal service. A performance has recently been ac- complished in the way of airmail time saving that puts in the shade all Amer- ican economies. A service was under- ! taken from Mwanza, cn Lake Tangan- | yika, to London. The flights required | nine days, and the mail was delivered with a saving of twenty-three days over the fastest previous transport by land and water. The first consignment of postal matter comprised more than 50,000 let- ters, many of which had been as- sembled at Mwanza from Central Africa and the Sudan. Nine days from below the Equator to Croydon! Think of the months that were formerly required to get any sort of message from the explorers who were worming their way through that ter- rifying country! They were virtually | isoiated until they returned to the coast, and even there they were, in pos- tal terms, distant many weeks from home. Now -in a few successive hops from the heart of the dark continent letters are borne to London in nine days, instead of the month required only a few weeks ago. Airmail is an established feature of the postal service, almost the world over. The day may soon come when all first-class mail will be airborne, over short as well as long routes. The competition of the telephone compels the extension of the air service and the speeding of all mail planes, ———.—— A great rum ring has been broken up by Federal agents, who report activities reaching from Canada to the Guif of Mexico. The rum ring leader is said to be Al Capone, who'finds every now and then that the bootleg market has its bear movements. In days gone by this would have been the season for bock¥beer, The sign of the goat has been replaced by Capone's portrait. ————— Chicago’s new local administration promptly added a large number of pay-roll favorites to the ranks of the unemployed. It is confidently asserted that there ar¢ circumstances in which & certain amount of temporary unem- ployment is beneficial to a community. ———————— ‘The arrest of a New York theatrical producer for importing lottery tickets will be heartily approved by Reno, which is evidently prepared to go as far as possible toward monopolizing any gambling concessions in the U. 8. A. —_— e Many forecasters suggest the possi- bility. of a third party. A glance at the situation reveals material theoreti- cally available for a fourth party and even a Afth. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Blooming April, Little yaller posy, Peekin’ ‘round the treel Evenin’ sky is rosy, ‘Where a storm cloud used to be. Life is worth the livin’ When the frost is done And the flow'rs are givin’ Imitations of the sun. Little yaller posy, Peekin' 'round the tree, Makes the world seem cozy Once again, for you and me. April s0 beguilin® Says, “Just give us room! You'll find the twilight smilin’, Teachin’ even clouds to bloom!” Endearment. “Have you endeared yourself to the people?” “In one sense of the word,” answered Senator Sorghum, “I'm afraid I have. Some folks out home are saying that legislation I have helped to put through is going to cost more than it's worth.” Jud Tunkins says a racketeer may be a man of such big ideas that he wants to use a whole town as his private shooting gallery. Unseen But Heard. | The orators no longer rage | To get the center of the stage. Even now sounds forth a mighty tone And cries, “Give me that microphone!” Melancholy Motorist. “Don't you know your way around this town?” asked the sardonic tl’l‘fln cop. “No,” answered Mr. Chuggins. “If I knew any way around it you don't sup- pose I'd have gotten mixed up in it, do you?” THIS AND THAT Recently we quoted in this column the old saying, that one is either a fool or }sls own physiclan by the time he 3 is 30, ‘There is & similar maxim, to the ef- fect that by the time a man is 50 he is either a drunkard or a gardener. So let us all hasten to become gar- deners! Time flies on apace, and every Spring calls with new allure. The older we get the inore beautiful Spring seems. | The happy thing is that one may in- | duige in gardening without being very much of a gardener, after all. The dub golfer feels his inexperisnce acutely, and hastens to correct it, often to the extent of shattered norves. The gardener, on the cther hand, cares little or nothing about his ex- pertness, or lack of the same. We have never heard any one who worked with the soll speak a word of comparison beiween him and others; not one ever seemed aware of the fact that his gardening abilities surpassed those of his neighbor. ER . ‘This, it seems, is one of the happiest characteristics of the gardener, that he is a real brother to all other gar- deners. Musicians are notoriously jealous, even of the beginner, especially when the latter begins to show signs of geniune talent. Writers conceal their jealousy better | but down in their hearts they are aj tists, and suffer from the same shoit- comings. They most often show their envy by refusing to read the works ofy their fellows, or at most skimming thrcugh them hastily. ; The gardener, almost elone of | workgrs, knows no professiofial jealousy | but hastens at all tireds to give freely | of such expericnce as has come to him. | We have talked to many. eminent horticulturists, some of them famous, whose names are known around the| world, whose articles appear in more | than one language. In almost every instance we have found these-experts to be “as simple as an old shoe,” as the country expression has it. * K ok X If one stops to contemplate the theory and practice of gardening, there is every reason why this supreme lack of snob- bishness should exist. | In the first place, the gardener, of | whatever degree or pretension, is work- | ing with the soil, long held to be the universal mother of us all. The dearest and tenderest words of | our common heritage point out in no | uncertain terms that we are born of | the earth, and to the earth we shall | return. Earth is the plainest, commonut] thing we possess together. The discov- | eries of modern science sbow marvel-| ously well the vast dependence of the | ’humn race upon this comparatively | slight layer of detritus which clothes the vast inner hulk of the earth. ‘We move on a shell of earth, and live bathed in a stratum of air, onz of the| marvelous provisions for our main- tenance, and without these two could not exist for a day, and in all proba- bility would never have got a foothold at all. * ok kX ‘When we dig in the earth, therefore, even in the most amateurish spirit, we | are dealing with a fundamental, ‘and something of this fact strikes home to our consciousness. Just how aware the gardener will be of this bond will depend. of course, upon his awareness of himself and the things about him. But every one feels it. Even yonder inarticulate old fellow, who perhaps cannot read or writs, grasps something of the spirit of the ages when he puts in his onion “sets” and plows up the ground. He knows wherewith he is working quite as well as the eminent professor who has just got back from some far country with a quantity of new plants unknown here. This eminent professor, who had been decorated for his achievements, would pgreat deal. BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. ship with the old fellow; he would recognizz, permrl, the latter’s superior grasp of some of the ctical lems of onion growing, and when he wanted to-set out some of his own he probably would call in the old man. * kK X ‘The supremely practical matter, how- ever, which keeps gardening on a high human plane of honest commonness, lies in the fact that Nature takes charge of the operations, once they are begun. The violinist fingers his instrument with his left hand, and draws the bow back and forth with his right, and all the time he is keenly conscious that whatever result he shall attain, musi- cally speaking, is due entirely to the skill of his own two hands, in co-opera- tion with his mind and emotions. No miracle, he knows, will come to his rescue when his fingers stumble over those difficult trills. If his fin- gers have not mastered them, as the re- sult of many hours of previously going through the motions, his offering will be lost to critical taste. ‘The soprand, as she_soars to high C (to_the delight of soffe, and the dis- gust of others, especially radio audi- ences), will seek in vain for supernat- ural aid, if on that evening her volce is not up to her usual standari. She either “makes” it or she doesn't, and the critics must do their worst. ‘The gardener is in no such unhappy plight. He has the world, the flesh and the devil, almost, behind him in his o&- erations, and this keeps him humble, meek and mild. «Only the ruthlessly conceited person will take unto himself the credit for the growth of plants, and their uitimate success, as plants. There are such, of course, but their numbers are small, compared with the vast mass of conceited persons in other ines of endeavor. Nor, on the other hand, is the gar- | dener harassed by humiliation, when things go poorly. earth behind him, helping it along, and if it does not do well his mind absolves him of blame, * % % x ‘There is yet another reason why the average gardener is a humble, God- fearing man, content to mind his own business, and let others mind theirs. He knows that the human race, with its usual propensity to reverse values, has tended to look down upon the man who works with the soil. This subtle bit of snobbishness has permeated mankind, with the result that few men take a real pride in them- jselves as gardeners. Indeed, the ordi- nary form of small home gardening has been left to the women, who on most farms and in small towns plant the small gardens and “tend” the flowers. There is notbing about. gardening, then, as practiced by most of us, to stir up those evils of our nature, envy, or competition, or pride, or egotism. This occupation “for which no man is too high or too low” leaves its devo- tees entirely free to work unhampered to_the best of their ability. Unlike the situation which often pre- vails in other life, where so much of an individual's energy must be held in reserve to fight back, to coun- teract the attacks of rascality, mean- ness and envy, the garden offers to the average person a field free from com- bat, where he may develop the best in himself and his plants, but where, if he does not succeed, there is no par- ticular penality for failure. The gar- den is charming precisely because it is not too human. To succeed without undue elation, and to fall without unnecessary humil- lation—such is the happy fate of the gardener, and one which makes it ad- visable for most men to become one be- fore they are 50, as the old saying puts it. Peculiar knack, or ability, not being a is open ‘to the Tequisite, man who He has the great , gardening may have had little expe- rience, or the man who may have had a It makes little difference. He may even watch some one else do it, but if he has the mind and heart of a gardener, he is a gardener, let come be the first to admit his essential kin- For the benefit of certain exalted Re- | publican quarters which will be the | most interested in them a year hence, some _significant prohibition calcula- tions have just been made. They con- cern the number of wet votes likely to be found in the 1932 G. O. P. National | Convention. ‘The tabulation shows that at the outside there will not be more than 250 or 275 delegates in favor of moistening the Republican platform in any way, shape or manner. As the party conclave numbers roundly 1,100 votes, it would appear that the wets will not muster even a third of the total. ‘The survey in question indicates they will be delegates hailing from the great urban centers of the East and North, ramifying West as far as Chicago, with | some scattered supporters from points | beyond. His friends confidently fore- | shadow President Hoover’s renomination on a law enforcement platform, making no more concessions to wets than they received in 1928. * K K K No signs of perturbation are visible at the White House over the hullabaloo raised in the Virgin Islands by Mr. Hoover's reference to them as a “poor house.” The classification was made deliberately and with a definite pur- pose in mind. Time will demonstrate, this observer has reason to believe, that the purpose is one destined to redound materially to the islanders’ benefit. The e house” characterization of the Virgins has already achieved the re- sult of calling attention to their plight throughout the “United States. It has set in motion an interest in them that gives every indication of lasting.” It is the President’s known hope that it will be sustained long enough to cause Con- gress to acquaint itself with the Virgin Islands’ economic straits and provide generously for mitigating them. * kgl It's too bad that the forthcoming annual banquet of the American Society of Newspaper Editors in Washington on April 18 isn’t going to be broadcast. The “unvarnished truth” about ynem- ployment and economic conditions will be told there by the two men best quali- fied to disclose it. Col. Arthur Woods, the administration's director-general of unemployment relief, is to spill the beans about the Nation’s workless army of 6,000000 men and women., Dr. Julius Klein, the Assistant Secretary of Commerce, is scheduled to give the iow- down on business depression. Each official pledged himself to supply “inside stuff” on the understanding that noth- ing is to be published, * % ¥ % ‘They're breathing much easier at the Veterans' Bureau than in the early rush during March, followin; the g passage of new veterans’ bonus-insurance bill. Gen. Hines' hard-working staff has into such shape that loans ean now be acted Provided of everything is in order, & veteran may file h}lll’.lvpllcl'.h& and count on get- ting money in exactly one g Gen. Hines sticks to his estimate that total loans applied for and ited will eventually touch the billion: ‘mark, * ok koK Another of Uncle Sam's trained men is fifllfll to leave the Ship of State and pull an oar in a new boat. Tyler Den- nett, historical adviser to the State Depertment since 19829, is going to Princeton in February, 1932, to become rofessor of international relations in its School of Public ‘I&M ww Affairs. Mr. Dennctt, Wi lormerly was editor and chief of the State De- partment Publications, i “Pride is a fine thing,” sald Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “provided it makes a man willing to labor to be worthy of his own good opinion.” Art Radicalism. Now human beings sadly turn Unto & modern art display As time goes on, to look that way?" i to the primitive we go, | And nothing will content the soul Except a portrait that will show Resemblance to a totem pole. “One o' de reasons I likes home ‘thout vt oA what will. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. tion at the Paris Peace Conference. Dennett is an authority on the diplo- matic history of the Far East. * ok x x Cheer up, this little old United States is still not only the richest country in the world, but bulging with more gold than at any time in its history! The Treasury's monetary gold stock on April 8 was $4,706,000,000, su the former peak of $4,702,000,000 on May 16, 1927. The whole world's stock of gold is $10,900,000,000. This coun- try owns, roundly, 45 per cent of it. The hoard is being increased mainly at the expense of Canada, Argentina and Japan. Our yellow fortune, which some economists consider more of a blight than a blessing, is mostly stored in certain powerfully fortified places on Manhattan Island. Now and then it's proposed, for safety’s sake, mof farther away~from salt water. W Senator Henry F. Ashurst, Democrat, of Arizona, has & schoolmate in Wash- ington, now also in public life, who says the Chesterfield of the Upper House de- cided, while still in grammar school at Flagstaft, to go to the Senate some day. Ashurst was fond of scribbling in the fiyleafs of his schoolbooks: “Henry Fountain Ashurst, United States Sena- tor from Arizona.” About 25 years later—in 1911—he not only realized his boyhood ambition, but became one of Arizona’s first two Senators at Wash- ington. The State has kept him here ever since. %R “Nick” Longworth, man of a thousand stories, thought this one among his best, if not the best: The late Speaker was dining in London alongside the Chinese Minister to Great Britain, who turned out to be a Yale man. “Ever attend the boat race at New London?” asked Longworth, Harvard 91 and once a member of the Crimson crew. “Oh, yes,” replied the Chinese, “I was at New London often.” ‘Then “Nick” queried: “Did you see the Harvard eight row?” Quoth the Oriental, “Never.” Long- worth thought that a bit queer and wanted to know how come. “I Wi As coxswain of the Yale crew,” the Chi- | 5] nese explained. (Copytight, 1931) o Tax on Unmarried. From the San Francisco Chronic! Rumania’s proposal of a special tax on all unmarried persons of both sexes |The Political Mill By G. Gould Lincoln. Although the battle for Senate seats, one-third of the membership of the Upper House, is a year in the future, many of the incumbents who must go | before their constituents for renomina- tion and re-election will put in a good bit of time during the coming Sum- mer and Fall strengthen! if they can, their political fences. Of the 32 Sen- ators who come up for re-election 17 are Republicans and 15 are Democrats. They have, it is true, & long session of the new Congress before them in ad- vance of their going to the polls, and what they do, or their political parties do, in that session of the Congress may have a bearing on the results. Also, next year comes the presidential eles tion. A flecfied Democratic swing in the national election very likely would give the Democrats a real majority in the Senate in the Seventy-third Con- gress, Many of the States in which Senators are to be elected next year are real battlegrounds. * K Kk Republican Senators who have fig. ured importantly in the G. O. P. or- ganization of the Senate are compelled to offer themselves again or step asid for.some other Republican candidates. Among them are Senator James E. Watson of Indiana, Republican leader of the Senate, and Senator George Moses of New Hampshire, President Pro Tem- re of the Senate. Both Senator Wesley Jones of Wash! , chairman of the A loPHlttonl Committee, and Sen- ator Smoot of Utah, who heads the Committee on Finance, are up for re-election. Any one of these gentle- ‘warming the cre .' men may face a real battle next year if a Democratic trend comparable to that in 1930 manifests itself. Senator Moses has been considering retirement from the Senate to accept a $75,000-a- year job, but more recently it has been assérted by his friends that he will seek re-election. He may have strong pposition from the present Governor of New Hampshire, Winant, who won the gubernatorial race in 1930 over the opposition of the Moses faction in the State. It would require a tremendous turpover to elect a Democrat to the Senate in New Hampshire, however, no matter who the Republican nominee | di happens to be. Senator Jones must run in a State which already has one Democratic Senator, Dill. He has always been an ardent dry. The wets in Washington have been going strong during the last year. * K x % In Indiana Senator Watson stands today at the top of the blican heap. The Hoosier delegation at the next Republican National Convention is likely to put him forward as & candi- date for the vice presidential nomin: tion, unless it shall have been deter- mined in advance by ‘the powers that be that the ticket is to be Hoover and Curtis. There been & revolt against things Republican in Indiana. Last year the Democrats took several congressional seats away from the G. O. P. But, despite the Democratic trend, Watson will be a hard man to beat for Seantor. Reed cam; ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS | BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. ‘This great service is maintained by The Evening Star for the benefit of its readers, who may use it every day without cost to themselves. All they | water have to do is ask for any information desired and snswers by A clearly written and stated as briefly as possible. Inclose a 2-cent stamp for return postage and address The Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Hi director, Washington, D. C. Q. Please give some facts about Harry Carey, who.plays the part of Trader Horn in the screen- play? —V. E. A. Harry Carey played Western parts on the screen for years before devot- ing himself more y to char- acter roles. He was born in New York, went West as a young man to join & group of ranch cowboys and while there wrote the play “Montana,” in which he starred on his return to Broadway. His first screen role was in “The Unseen Enemy,” with the Gish sisters and Lionel Barrymore. Other joles preceding Trader Horn included A Little Journey,” “Slide, Kelly, Slide,” and “The Trail of '98.” He has a Sum- mer home at Great Neck, Long Island. Q. What caused the death of Diesel, inventor of the engine?’—R. C. A. Rudolf Diesel fell - aboard the Antwerp-Harwich mail steamer on the night of September 30, 1913. fi Wbon 2 was the Ephesian matron? A. The story is one from Petronius retold in Jeremy Taylor's “Holy Dying.” ‘The matron attempted to weep herself to death in the tomb of her departed husband, but fell in love with a soldier who was guarding the corpses of some robbers that were hanging nearby. In order to save her new lover from pun- ishment, cne of the co having been stolen while they had been con- versing, she gave him the body of her defunct husband to hang in its place. Q. How much water should be left in dried apples?-T. M. W. A. Awo&t to Federal food ards, dried apples should not more than 24 per cent water. anmmmm- stand- contain jum—E. B. A. It is located about 2 miles from the business center of the city, is 300 feet long. of 117 feet he roof. 266 feet wide, with a height ;‘h‘:nm at the high of 88 feet to the roof. The stadium has a seating capacity of 22,8 ‘When temporary seats are removed approximately 16,300 permanent seats Temaining. The full volume of the organ in the stadium is equivalent to that of 25 complete brass bands of 100 | fled instrume: ach. ‘The organ blower ts g nby 'l 100-horsepower electric is driven motor. How Lr%!lf—fi. M. Bu lu:l . partment of duck banded Agriculture, a Mallard on_November 23, 1930, at Smoot Bi to the Senate first in 1903 and today he outranks all other § h of service, e re-elected gressives are to seek of Wi , Bi h beck of South Dakota primary cont always such a row in belongs to the La “Folle La Follettes, Senator next year, * x % % The Democrats hold one Senate now which they may lose next Senator McGill defeated Henry last year, largely because of flerce publican opposition to Allen. If Vice President Curtis gets into the Senal race, there seems ever{ prospect that McGill will not be re-elected, and i not unlikely that the Republicans may regain this seat anyway, especially if the Republican national ticket goes over well in the Sunflower State. Senator Wagner of New York is another Democrat who comes up for re-election a State ‘which hn‘; itic stronghold, particularly in a presidential year. He won from former Senator Wadsworth in 1926, when Wadsworth came out for repeal of the eighteenth amendment and the put an independent candidate in the fleld. Wagner has made a good record fucl Bestowal of sight upon a Philadelphia hospital patient, Earl Musselman, who 5 in the Senate, and has a reputation for | in being & keen student of employment conditions. He will be & man to defeat in all probability. * ok K K Among the younger Republican Sen- ators who must put up a fight for their seats are Senator Bingham of Con necticut, which elected a Democratic Governor last year, and Senator Glenn of Illinols. Although Illinols is usuall an overwhelmingly R‘epu’cumn State, it now has a new Democratic Senator and a new Democratic mayor of Chicago. Senator James J. Davis of Pennsyl- vania, if he decides to run , is likely to find himself in a contest with Msj. Gen. Smedley D. Butler, United States Marine Corps, who is soon to re- tire and who has admitted he would like to try for the Senate seat. Colorado. elected a Democratic Senator in 1930, Senator Costigan, and the Democrats will make a strong effort next year to take the seat now held by Senator Waterman, Republican. Indeed, the Democrats have chances to pick up half a dozen Senate seats now held by the Republicans, if things are going their way at election time. * K X ok Announcement by Archie Roosevelt, brother of Mrs. Nicholas Longworth, that Mrs. Longwort] didate for the seat in the R g e with what was expect many of the friends of the widow of the aker. She has never sought political l:’c!t' ?lthoulh n':mwh" been rated a political power ashington. There Republicans who would like to see her enter the lists, because she is the widow of the Speaker and daugh- ter of the late President Roosevelt. ‘They believe she would be an asset to the party and to the House of Repre- sentatives. strikes one at first as rather ungallant to the bachelor girls, On second thought, however, the reverse may seem ‘the unmarried male for his is as old as the ancient blic and many modern in- stances mm be cll;d. dBu;]!; a tax is serve the double purpose o!pnmum revenue and promoting matri- mony. The implication is that all un- | will be married men are in single blessedness 2s a matter of choice and unmarried women as & matter of necessity. tax, 5, 18 to fall on the just and the unjust and to do that it will have to take in both sexes. o The Last Word. Prom the Rochester Times-Union. The ult is reached P-4 Whoever may be the candidates, Re- publican and Democratic, for the con- h will not be a can- | at; perhaps there are many who, full vision given them, ht see “th in general’ brighter an on the whole than they had.become ac- customed to believe.” CE Emphasizing the keenness of the im- pressions newly made upon a mature mind, the Seattle Daily Times recalls another case in which the beauty nature was brought to the ‘lmmt\nn of a person who was devoid the sta The gressional seat representing the first|BOrBeous Ohio district, the contest is likely to be followed with the not only because it is for the seat which may continue the Reg:bllun majority of one in the next or give the Democrats an even number with the G. O. P. in that body, but because it tionally, . Speaker ' Tongworth - was nal ly. Was re-elected there in 1930 by a compara- tively narrow vote, less than 3,600. A etory, 45" B Democrate spposast con! lcularly for the psychological effect. * ok ok % Among the members of the House on the Republican side now mentioned as possible contenders for the speekership is Representative, Burton L. French of Idaho, Mr. French is from the Far ‘West, which has never had a Speaker of the House. He is regular, an effec- tive member of the House and a vet- eran of many battles. He first came to the House in 1017. In the interim he 3 keenest interest, | 10 :n”l.{ 'm"mlt fi divisions and four helpers on his pay roll. sold his produce largely in Pittsburgh. In 1869 had its its present location in where it stands surrounded by over 15 city Heinz factories. uQi‘ch' did ice hockey originate?— 'A. The fantastic explanation has been advanced that the Indians was a Eucalyptus regnans, ash,” that grew at Colac, was 346 feet Melbourne : 2 1) : E d E E;;EE i th q f »8o 2 § ..gig it i lgig H § § :;z ;iifi Egggiga g e i E . gk rfi! ] H | i £ : e i E i H il LB i d % H i { J b : i § E- | iz 3 il filt i i I E§ g § £ i o i A : § B E 3 § g | i g i i ) Gzafii i 5 i = i * * i i better | man has the ‘what . range of Mr. nu-uhnu‘ has can only imagine iter - world beyond the is like, and imagination, dllenvered.“ gives il 1 it