Evening Star Newspaper, July 22, 1930, Page 8

THE EVENIL N UKSDAY, JULY 22, 1930. ‘A8 . . TAE EVENING STAR WAMMINGION, 0. U, TUMSDAY, JULY a0 {THE EVENIN With Sunday Morning Edition. ' WASHINGTON, D. C. TUESDAY July 22, 1930 YHEODORE W. NOYES per Company | The Dunning countervailing duties were | fuselage With bullet-like force crashed | Ghicago Office: Lai uropean Office Rate by Carrier Within the City. Evenine Star 43¢ ver month 60c per month 65¢ per month The Sunday Star ...5¢C yer copy Collection made at the end of each morth. ders may b= 'sent in by mail or Lelephons Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia, Daily and Sunday.... 1yr.$10.00:1 mo.. 8% aily only .. 00: 1 mo.. 50c unday only . 34.00: 1 mo.. 40c All Other States and Canada. I and “Sunday..1yr. $12.00: 1 mo., $1.00 §:l|y only ... o X c junday only iyr. $5.00: 1 mo. S0c Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled o the use for republication of all news dis- Paiches credited o it or not o tse cred- ited in this paper and also the local 1 ews Published herein. Al rizhts of publication of #pecial dispatches herein 1 are also reserved. The London Treaty. ’ The London naval treaty, ratified by the Senate yesterday, marks a real step toward elimination of naval armament. Limitations. it is realized, must come in all categories of naval vessels before & marked reduction of armament is pos- sible. In the London treaty for the first. time the big naval powers of the world agreed to limit naval strength in all ‘categories, When the next confer- ence is held it may be possible to bring about a cut in the size of the navies, both in the interests of world peace and of lifting the tax burden from the peo- ples’ shoulders, It was a foregone conclusion that the Benate would ratify the naval treaty. Notwithstanding the uproar which has been raised in certain quarters against the treaty, the showing made by the opposition in_ the Senate vote was ridiculously sthall, considering the fact that the- treaty wils held up for weeks and months by this little band of ir- reconcilables. The country has over- whelmingly approved the naval treaty which gives us parity in naval strength with Great Britain and establishes a satisfactory ratio with Japan in all eategories of ships. Now that the treaty has been ratified by the United States Senate and ap- parently is assured of ratification by the othey powers signatory thereto, the United States should bulld up its Navy to the strength authorized under the treaty. It is one thing to agree to naval limitations. It is another thing to permit the United States to continue far behind the naval strength of Great Britain and, in some respects, far be- hind Japan. The Congress has been negligent in the past. It has failed dis- mally to keep pace with the naval building programs of Britain and Japan. The danger now is that, having obtained parity with Great Britain on paper and approximately a 10—6 ratio with Japan, Congress will permit the parity and the ratio to remain merely matters of pen and ink. National de- fense needs of the United States require the construction of the treaty fleet. If Jater agreement is made by the nations to reduce naval strength further and it becomes necessary to scrap some of our naval vessels, the expenditure will nevertheless have accomplished purpose. President Hoover, the Democratic Jeadership of the Senate and the coun- try are to be congratulated on the successful termination of the ratifi- cation fight in the Senate. It was clear from the beginning that without the support of the Democrats the treaty could not be ratified. Laying aside all partisanship, the Democrats of the Senate, under the leadership of Sena- tor Joseph T. Robinson of Arkansas, their party leader, gave whole-hearted support to the tredty. It is true that some of the Senators, both Republican and Democratic, ex- pressed regret that it had been found jmpossible at the London Conference to bring about a more drastic reduc- tion in the navies of the world powers. The fact, however, that an agreement was reached at all is a distinct triumph and an advance in the cause of peace. The opposition to the treaty in this country and in other countries comes, in the main, from those who are op- posed to any agreement for naval limi- tations. It comes from those who pre- fer to continue with the old laissez faire plan rather than to agree to co- operation with other nations. i “Do radio stars receive much fan mail?” inquires a man of a fagous question-and-answer service. It s thought that this is the same intellect which produced the query “Will a duck swim?” e A SIS The Canadian Elections. Canada, like the United States, is electing a new National Legislature this year, and the campaign across the border is now drawing to a close. Poll- ing takes place July 28. The Dominion parliamentary system is vastly the superior of ours, in respect of speed. The House of Commons and Senate elected next week will take office a forinight later. They do not wait a year and a month, as they would under our practice, whereby a Congress chosen 1n 1930 does not actually com- mence to function until 1931. * As in the case of the celabrated reci- procity campaign of twenty-odd vears 2go, the Canadians once again are waging & national political contest which has the American tariff for its paramount issue. 1Indeed, the question of Canada’s whole relationship to the United States is the bone of contention. Premier Mackenzie King’s Liberal gov- ernment is fighting for its life against a Conservative onslaught based upon the general charge that the Dominion, under the Liberal regime of the past four years, has been “subservient” to 4merica and American interests. Canada, the Conservatives insist, has @oo habitually taken it lying down in the teeth of American tariff ‘“provo- cation,” radio “autocracy,” prohibition “pretensions.” emigration-control ‘“de- mands,” St. Lawrence waterway “dic- tation” and other matters which offend the Dominion’s virile sense of nation- bhood. The Mackenzie King govern- ment is indicted, in other words, for being pro-American when it ought to have been militantly . pro-Canadian. When the Hawley-Smoot tariff was ” the verge of enactment at Wash- its | G STAR |inston, the Conservatives let loose upon | have been caused by the gasoline tanks the Liberal cabinet at Ottawa a terrific bombardment of critical pressure. The traditional paladins of free trade in Canada, the Liberals, found it expedient forthwith to institute semi-protective .Editor | measures against the projcted new |shearing off of a wing. The other wing | American tariffs on Canadian products. the result, coupled with extended “pref- erence” for British goods. good as far as it went, retorted the enough. So throughout the parl mentary campaign now ending Mac- kenzie King and his cohorts have come under a withering fire for failing to meet the Yankee tariff menace with adequate reprisal tactics. The Liberals now hold the fort at Ottawa by a slender, but safe, majority in the House of Commons. They appear confident of retaining office. But if they do, a new orientation of Canadian | policy toward the United States is in- cvitable. The day when Canada was willing to turn the other cheek to her powerful neighbor to the south is gone. Henceforward the United States has to reckon with a Dominion thoroughly | consclous of its economic potentialities, entirely determined to assert itself in keeping therewith, aggressively jealous of its status as a sovereign people, and no longer inclined to enact the igno- minious role of an American doormat. Our billion-doliar trade with Can- ! ada is nothing to be sneezed at. It { tops our exports. If it is to be preserved | and if the friendship of a great and | growing country is not to be sacrificed, the flexible machinery of the new tariff law will need to be speedily and ef- fectively set in motion. Noone who has read the campaign speeches which have reverberated across the continent for | the past month, all the way from Que- bec to Vancouver, can doubt that Canada henceforward means business with the United States on the basis of the square deal, or as little as possible. v Growth of the Suburbs. Final figures on the population growth of areas adjacent to Washington should dispel any mystery that may have been left in the minds of those unable to explain the relatively smail growth in the population of the District of Colum= bia itself. For the figures offer definite and corroborative evidence of the move- ment of population from the city to the This was | Conservatives, but it does not go far: catching on fire or the motor cracking under the strain. Appearing out of & cloud at an aititude o6f about two thousand feet, the ship was seen sud- denly to lose its tail, followed by the !floated away from the plane and the |to the earth. It 1 such accidents as these that keep | many people from fiying, although in ! the modern airplane occurrences of this sort are exceedingly rare. A possible €x- planation might be that, like the ill- fated Shenandoah, the plane was caught in some mysterious disturbance of the upper strata and wrenched apart. It may have been struck by lightning, of | course, or it may have had structural | weaknesses that were not discovered be- fore the take-off. If this were the case, "however. it would seem that the whole ship would have appeared so obviously unsafe that it hever would have been taken aloft, because the tail, wings and fuselage came off almost simultaneously, At any event, it was the type of ac- cident that as tie science of aviation progresses will occur with less and less frequency. AT TN Apparently there is just one thing “big business,” no matter -how care- fully and economically organized, will never learn. This is the utter absurdity of the claim of the “racketeer” psuedo press associations to be able to have printed in the news columns of metro- politan dailies favorable comments on products and personalities. Every big business head should have a cordial telephone acquaintance with some alert Representatlve Fish's special House Committee appointed to ascertain what, if any, influence the Russian Soviets are bringing to bear on American gov- ernmental ideals, is now at work. Pending the outcome of this investi- gation, the general impression is that such influence, if any, has tended to reinspire and confirm those ideals in the minds of all decent, right-thinking people. —r—— New York City, it is announced, has 320 farms within its greater limits. Yes, and a greater proportionate num- ber of “rubes” and “hicks” than any other similar-sized space with the same number of farms that exists in this suburbs, common to nearly every large city in the United States during the last ten-year period, as it affects Wash- ington. They permit definite informa- tion to take the place of conjecture as to why Washington's growth falled to measure up to expectations and they present a clear picture of conditions with which the District of Colurhbia must deal in the years to come, pro- vided the movement of the last ten years continues. Arlington County's growth of 625 per cent in the last ten years is fol- lowed next by that of Montgomery County, which increased by 40 per cent; Prince Georges, with a 38.63 per cent increase; Alexandria, 33.9, and Fairfax, 16.5. The average growth of the nearby and adjacent counties is 37.6, as com- pared to the growth of 11 per cent in the District of Columbia. In numbers there were 48,145 residents added to Washington in the last 10 years, com- pared to the 50,498 added to the nearby counties. The greater part of the lat- | ter increase, it is only natural to be- world. B Warwick Castle- is to be the back- ground for a tremendous pageant dis- playing British history throughout the ages. Will it depict the acquisition of their fondness lor vegetable mMAITOW, cold toast and illogical mispronuncia- tions? ——r———— ' When Mrs. McCormick claims she spent only so-and-so many thousand dollars during her senatorial campaign, is it possible that, like so many other worthy women, she refers to cash ex- penditures only and does not mention what she had charged? ——— In the case of Chicago's school teachers who face poverty because of overdue back pay, how about reviving | the good old rural custom of “boarding | them round"? % BN And just how much should one tip the driver of a taxi which takes a lieve, was furniched by the overflow from Washington. i Washington’s so-called “metropolitan area” 1s nol drawn as a circle. Its boundaries are irregular. But a “shopping ‘area” for the- city can be considered “as embracing the area within a twenty-five mile radius. Within this area should fall varying portions - of Prince Willlam and Lou- passenger one-third of a mile for five THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. “The believing we do something when we do nothing is the first allusion of tobacco,” wrote Emerson, In the year Perhaps he thus, once and for all, ex- ‘preued the scholar's opinion of smok- ng. The habit has made remarkable strides since pre-Civil War days, so that today most men smoke, and thousands and thousands of women. Smoking is regarded as a sophisticated thing to do by most smokers, although perhaps not very many of them would admit that they feel 50 about it. One has but to watch the average | woman smoking her cigarette, however, to see that she feels rather “set up” over it. e ] Let us be frank about it. There are thousands of smokers who do not like to smoke. \ ‘They smoke because they think it is the thing to do. They are caught in a tradition and can't get themselves untangled. This applies rather more to pipe smokers than to copsumers of cigars and cigarettes. ‘The woods are full of bright young men trying their best to like pipe smok- ing, when all the time they had rather smoke cigarettes. > Perhaps the real pipe smoker gets more genuine pleasure out of his form of smoking than do the devotees of the other two forms. In the first place, he has an instru- ment of his own to carry around in his pocket, the pipe, hallowed by tradition extending over many, many years. He has the pipe itself, to handle, to posséss, to use. This is & phase of the matter not given to smokers in other forms, although they try to imitate it by the use of holders. But a holder, at best, is an impassive thing. It scarcely deserves to be placed in that class of things which belong to one. The pipe, too, is an intriguing instru- ment. One either likes or dislikes a cigar or cigarette. They are forthright “smokes,” whose taste is pretty well known in advance. But a pipe has an Individuality and character of its own. Often, for no ap- parent reason, it “tastes” well, often just the opposite, and no amount of care or use of the same tobacco will explain it. * ok X A ‘We would say, from observations of many pipe_smokers, that only about 5 per cent of them are real pipe “fans.” The way to tell a true pipe smoker i by the amount of time per day during which his pipe ggaces his face. The 100 per cent pipe smoker has his pipe in his mouth practically the en- tire time he is awake. He can read with smoke issuing from his lips. write while smoking, almost eat, and cer- tainly drink, while doing so. This group forms s select body the world over, the members of which may be envied by lesser smokers, who content themselves with a few cigars or cigarettes a day. A curious thing about the genuine pipe flend is that he has utterly no taste in regard to the tobecco he smokes. Your finicky amateur may, and often does, exhaust the role of brands in | his search for the perfect pipe tobacco. To the dyed-in-smoke “fan,” any old brand is perfect. ok ok But let us examine what the sage of Concord said so long ago about the habit which has swollen to such dimen- sions since he wrote: “The believing we do something when we do nothing is the first allusion of tobacco.” Well, what of it, what ol it? Mankind often believed it is doing something when it is doing vrothing, or_very little, at the most 1t is no new thing—perhaps it might as well be found in smokirg as in any- thing else. There is a certain satisfaction to being physically engaged, which no amount of intelligence can offset. The girl who chews gum vigorously in the seat behind you at the theater does not need nourishment. recently had her dinner and now is merely keeping her jaws wagging. It is the same with smoking, but smoking has the added inducement of making the smoker feel that he is help- ing himself in hls‘t‘:k.‘ * Most smokers, particularly of pipes, will tell you that the act undoubtedly alds their thought processes. Others will say, with a smile, that smoking makes them look very thought- ful to others, and that they find it an excellent aid in this respect. No pipe smoker who is honest with himself will gainsay that the appearance of the smoker over his work is very de- ceptive. He appears to be giving the profound- est consideration to the task before him, when all the time he may be day-dteam- ing about that big fishing expedition which he and a few friends are going to put on next week. You never can tell about a pipe smoker, or any one else, for that matter. * kK K The smoker who might wish to combat Emerson’s thought, that one really does nothing, but thinks he does something, when he smokes, might declare that much depends upon the definitions of “doing something” and “doing nothing.” The world is indebted to such men as Robert Louls Stevenson and Walt Whitman for much valuable material in regard to these definitions. The latter said that he, too, was doing some- thing although he but “leaned and loafed at his ease, observing a blade of Summer grass.” ‘Stevenson wrote an apology for idlers, in which he attempted to show that it is_impossible, by looking at a man, to tell whether he is merely idling, or in truth turning over in his head a majes- tical idea on something or other. Perhaps the great French observer of insect life, Fabre, appeared to be doing nothing, too, when he sat for hours peering at things on a log, invisible things they must have seemed to others. Perhaps the “first allusion” of tobacco, that one believes he does something, is not & bad allusion for the average man to carry around with him, even if he is doing very little. The thought keeps him cheered up, in a tremendously robust world, where 80 many millions of living creatures are trying their best, with brain and brawn, to do something in a big—and noisy— Way. Bernhardi’s War Influence Appraised as Career Ends A testimony to the America to lay aside the hates of war is evidenced in the tempered comment upon the death of Gen. Friederich von Bernhardi, whose until then little read book served the allies with such a floo of anti-German propaganda. ‘While some of the opinions are still colored With memories of those days when hate was a patriotic virtue, the ‘majority cents? e SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON, A Plea, In mentioning what we have dorie We're modest—most of us; doun Counties, Va.; Howard, Anne Arundel and Charles Countles, Md., with their combined population of 47,000. Adding to this figure the pop- ulation of the adjacent counties, 184,809, and of the District itself, 485,716, the “shopping area” popula- tion can be estimated at 717,525. District of Columbia business, becom- ing the center for an ever-expanding area of population, will naturally re- ceive benefits. On the other hand. the District of Columbia is placed in a peculiar position, alone among all the cities of the United States, in that its boundaries are fixed by the Constitution itself. When population overflows these boundaries, that population is lost to the District as a part of the tax-paving community. Other cities may expand their limits at will, broadening their areas manifold and exacting tribute in taxes from those who live within the new and larger area. Those who leave the District, or who, coming to Wash- ington to establish themselves in busi- ness, decide to maintain residences in the counties, are lost as tax-paying resi- dents, who otherwise would be called upon to contribute their share in main- taining the municipality. Unfinished tasks that we've begun Are far more numerous Than tasks accomplished. With a sigh Abandoned hopes we view, And hope that men will judge us by The things we meant to do. The lofty, generous aims of youth, The sage maturer plan, Have not survived. Each is, in sooth, ‘The sordid average man. Ah, good St, Peter, when you bid My record forth to view, Consider not the things I did, But what I meant to do. A Simple Matter. “Does a dentist have ll.uch trouble in collecting his bills?” “No,” answered the expert in teeth. “A man usually sees that his last ac- count is paid before he has more work done. He takes no chances on an un- friendly disposition.” 4 A Little to the Good. “Yes,” said Farmer Corntossel, “I once bought a bogus gold brick. But I've got the brick.” “Is there any satisfaction in that' “Some. A lot of people invest in get- rich schemes and don't get anything If the trend of the last ten years continues the City of Washington may to all intents and purposes be counted among the cities of more than a mil- lion. But for tax purposes its popu- lation will be merely half, or a little more than half, of this number. The effect of the movement of popu- lation upon the tax resources of Wash- ington, coupled with the continued withdrawals of Government land from the taxable to the tax-exempt property lists, furnishes a condition that must receive major consideration in arriving at an equitable division of costs between the Federal Government and the Dis- trict of Columbia. e President Hoover, it is announced, will positively not imitate “Old Faithful” on his forthcoming tour of the Yellowstone and other parks. R A Strange Accident. It is not the prominence of the victims that makes the tragic airplane accident over Croydon, England, yester- day of international interest. It is the strangeness of a ‘disaster that took a toll of six lives. In the early days of fiying, airplanes frequently lost wings or fell to pieces while in flight. The World War, however, taught the neces- sity for strong structures, and following the war commercial companies built into their products the greatest possible stability. Yet, more than ten years afterward, on a good flying day, & plane literally tears itself to pieces in the air, hurling its six occupants to their death and scattering its parts over an ares of more than four miles. According to eyewitness accounts there was no explosion such as might except a letter sayin’, ‘Money received.’ ” Restraint, That frankness is a virtue taught By sages, this you'll have to own; 1f you said everything you thought They might remove your telephone. Cupid’s Conversation. “Cupid is blind,” said the sentimental youth. “Yes,” answered Miss Cayenne. “So I have heard. And the conversation of some love-sick people make me wish that he were also deal and dumb.” An Acidulous Observation. “Why is Mr, Meekton so anxious to umpire a base ball game?” “Because,” answered Mrs. Meekton's dearest friend, “it's the only chance he gets to have the last word.” The Dawn of Greainess. Those people of an older age— How did they get along And write their names on history's puge As men both wise and strong? How did they manage to excel In many a mighty feat? ‘There were no ancient ads to tell ‘What patent foods to eat. write down the frank old militarist as an honest, if blolodthlrsty and quite “outdated philosopher.” o“'.Hls ph‘l’losophy was a fire-eating compound of Nietzsche and Treitschke, blustering with Falstaff at ‘the c: nkers of & calm world and a long peace,’” says the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, which cites his “jingoistic warnings against France, Russia and Italy.” That paper con- tinues: ,“Bernhardi, the professional alarmist, was never such & ‘power in Germany, even among the officer class, as allied pamphleteers of war days made him out. He was simply Germanys loudest voice, her —most prominent symptom of the militaristic fever, which was epidemic in other countries as well. Long before his death, at 81, Bernhardi and his philosophy had been thoroughly discredited. The new Germany and the modern world have no place for such {heatricism and appeals to bloody pas- slons. Contemporary rattlers of the saber should find impressive warning in the emphatic way this jingo's people, as soon as they found voice, I pudiated all Ris rantings, his philosophy and his works.” Contending that “every country has its jingoes,” the Springfield \Mm‘b Re- publican sees injustice in identlfying him completely with the German people, and concludes: “All that is now, of the past. and Friedrich von Bernhardi, if neither a great commander nor & great historian, deserves a modest ‘(ocmote to the history of the great war.” “He wanted war, and for that reason was easily persuaded that war was in- evitable,” thinks the New Standard, recalling that “prior to the opening of the war the English-speak- ing world rather neglected Bernharadl, but that “once the war had begun, the English propaganda department ‘made effective use of his writings.” That paper concludes: ‘“To wage war effec- tually, you must have hatred. The sol- diers don't need it, but the folks at home must have it, else the war slackens. Bernhardi, as interpreted by English commentators, contributed some of the ?l the great lesson of Bern- hardi’s life,” according to the Asheville Times, “is the warning of his war creed and what that creed, accepted, did for his country and the world.” The Times also comments: “To this Teuton's orderly mind, logic in the study should be followed by invincible action in the field. Consequently, he looked. forward to the day when Britain would be Ger- many's vassal. He did much to bring to its climax the doctrine of world power or downfall—and so helped to bring about the downfall. The San Francisco Chronicle points out the interesting fact that he “proved that John Hay, America's great Secre- tary of State, was right when he said that telling the truth was a statesman’s best smoke screen, because nobody would believe him.” Of the author's war book, that paper says: “It was an am: xlngl{ frank discussion from a prac- e military viewpoint. And the fact that a chief of staff co\lldquhlhh such disclosures without any official reproof was generally taken as indication that the purpose of the disclosures was mislead. Events proved the accuracy of the general's predictions. The German clmrllxn followed his plan with fidelity until the unexpected resistance upset it. And the world learned that if it had believed Gen. von Bernhardi it could have had a more accurate knowledge of German_stra than the intelligence services obtained at great cost and dan- ger. 1t was because he told the truth What made old Hercules so stout. And Aristotle wise? ‘The things the classics tell about Awaken great surprise. Why do we not surpass their powers And leave their glories wrecked?— ‘Walt till these patent foods of ours Begin to take effect. “Sometimes,” said Uncle Eben, “a man thinks he's overworked when he's Jes’ tryin' to ketch yp on de time he done spent loafin'* 50 frankly that people doubted him.” His work is described as “one of the great documents on which to rest psy- chological studies of the war it” by the Buffalo Evening News, ich calls it “a frank opening of the mind of 2 ruthless old militarist, who regarded war as a bilogical necessity and success as an objective that musi overrule all scruples. The - Louisville ~Courler- Journal states that “he idealized force; he foresaw & vast empire for his coun- try; he dreamed of commercial su- The Chattanooga News of- That | tendencies are willingness of | p: aper says as to his ultimate position: “He declared his remarks had been dis- torted in translations of his earlier books. He did not think, with Neitzsche, that ‘man was made for war,’ although he maintained to the last that war might, in some cases, be a good thing for civilization.” The Salt Lake Deseret News states: “That he should have passed almost out of mind, and be now only recalled by the fact of his demise, shows how small a place even a large figure can hold for any length of time after the shadow of obscurity begins to fall over him.” “He did not serve his country very well by his doctrines,” in the opinion of the New York Evening Post, for “they aroused Germany’s enemies,” and of the type of men “in all nations” that he in- spired, that paper declares: “It is to be hoped’ that their generation is passing away and that their successors will be men who know war for a ruthless busi- ness, but refuse to surrender the spir] of common humanity to its necessitie “He was the perfect product of mili- tarism,” observes the Jackson Citizen Patriot, “a devotee of the science of killing large numbers in the most effl- clent manner. - Germany learned in the World War that domination by a mili- tary machine brought only ruin in the end. The Germans became convinced that their idols had feet of clay, after all. And as the old goose-steppers pass from the picture, one by one, the mod- ern_German Republic seems to draw farther away from the arrogant empire of pre-war days.” “During the war,” recalls the Provi- dence Bulletin, “he resumed a com- mand of cavalry along the Eastern front, and, while his services were not brilliant or distinguished, he showed himself to be a capable officer. He went out of the news upon the down- fall of the war caste and for the past few years has been entirely out of the public eye. He was an' unrepentant warrior, however, maintaining his pre- mises to the end and blaming defeat on the weaklings who had pushed into power. He served an extrerfely useful purpose by his writings—for the cause of the allies:” v—.— Unemployment Aid Proposals Hopeful Prom the Little Rock Arkansas Democrat. As its contribution to efforts to im- prove unemployment conditions a joint committee of the National Association of Manufacturers and the National In- dustrial Council has suggested eight possible remedies, according to & report made public by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the Federal Department of Labor. The committee's suggestions followed expressions of objection to cer- tain legislative enactments and taxation for unemployment insurance which had been proposed. While the committee declares that it does not recommend any single one of its suggested .measures, it says that each should be studied carefully. Here are the eight suggestions: Unemployment insurance in industry, a “dismissal wage” for employes who have served for a long period but are not old enough or have not been em- ployed long enough for the regular com- pany pension, stabilization of industry and employment, planned public works for the stabilization of employment, stabilization of the dollar, unemploy- ment insurance through insurance com- 0 g-ma-, reduction of taxation in in- ustry and seasonal wage adjustments. Just how we could go about what the committee calls “the regularization of the purchasing power of the dollar” is fathoms too deep for the layman. ‘That looks a bit ncbulous to the un- 1 . But we can understand how unemployment, insurance might be l:;spd,.:%whgl:nnsd h|l‘l: ]wm-lu wnm P al-wage” sya- tem ht be applied through holdvl: up portions of wages to be paid to g:demplrz:r during idleness, or by ex- urance benefi - e ;'&n % 8, or by sev jut whether the employers’ su - tions are practicable or not they fifi'w an earnest spirit of willingness to co- operate in_solving the unemployment mem, That is a hopeful sign in ————— Carol Seen as Sultan. From the Detroit News. It is unfortunate that Carol of Rumanis has tp be a king, if all his sultan, ’ NEW BOOKS AT RANDOM I G. M. MAN AND - HIS UNIVERSE. John Langdon-Davies. Harper & Bros. Energy. Motion. Inconceivable eons of time. Then the triumph of an ordered progression evolved, mathematical in its reactions, calculable in its manifesta- tions through a selgure ®f its funda- mental principles and a command of the laws derived therefrom. A universe in the making. Sun systems swinging hrough space, each its own. Yet all part of the grand symphony of the spheres, speeding in rythmic waves | across immeasurable skies. A universe made. In the stupendous pageantry there moves a tiny grain of dust. The earth. Our gain of dust. Upon it an unreckon- able stretch of time achieved life—plant life, animal life, man. A crude thing, this new man. Laboriously, precarious- ly learning the lessons of existence from the footspan upon which he stands. Yet, from the very beginning of this iong process of learning to be alive there was in man a curious overcharge of the energy that created him man: an excess that expends itself in what Langdon-Davies calls “overbelief,” an intuition not satisfied with the bare returns of sight and sound, of taste and touch and smell. Here, clearly, the seed of religion. That reaching past one’s self for outer safeties, for inner satis- factions. So, away back at the start of his career there began man's hunt for God. Behind the daily behaviors of the near world roundabout unseen pow- ers were at work. Fields grew warm and fruitful under & benign sun god. Again, an angry deity tossed the light- ning in swift devastation, let loose the floods, unleashed fierce tempests of disastrous wind. And so, in deference to these unseen mightinesses, the new man began to give thanks, on the one hand, to placate with offerings on the other. Devotion and' sacrifice. Re- ligion in the making. * ok K x i In the beginning there were many gods. There had to be. Man's sense of the universe was that of a heighbor- hood, highly individualistic in content, its parts small and but loosely related. There were, therefore, gods of field and hearth, gods of battle and fierce retribu- tive gods. But, even then, there was a great god in high command. A hint, this, of the faintly dawning sense of unity in diversity. In the course of time and under a widening view of the world—if not yet any sense of the uni- verse—the pagan gods gave way to the idea of God—Supreme Ruler of Heaven and Zarth, ik i o John Langdon-Davies here reviews history as a growth in knowledge and understanding. Prom legend to bodies of authentic fact the survey runs. From tradition to modern scientific search for truth in its every aspect. The point of such looking backward, and forward is to trace the effect of an expanding sense of the universe upon this in- herent “overbelief” of man, upon that spiritual content of the human that forever seeks to probe the future for some sane and acceptable answer to the riddle that he himself is. Not in any sense is this book a study of religions— regional, racial, recuprent. Rather it is a purposed demonstration that whereas the universe primarly created man, it has come to pass that in the astounding progress of sclence man is, in effect creating the universe. And that, more- over, the insatiable search for truth that is science is establishing in man, the individual, a' counterpart of the universe as a possible answer to himself. * Kk ok Step by step, therefore, differen and periods Ate brought forward. haee to set out again what the univeste meant to each of these. What picture of it formed and lifted before these various peoples and eras, a potent force upon them? Just how, most important of all, did these conceptions enter into the scweme of existence, shaping the common outlook, determining the com- mon life, rounding this period and its people to an embodied expression of the universe in its acceptance at this time, or at that one? Here is the medieval picture. And we are asked to move back into this old homestead of the modern mind in order to under- stand itself better, Here the modern meets Aristotle and Ptolemy and others who, varying in their respective theories, agree whole-heartedly, how- ever, that the earth is flat. Not so vital, this—not yet. The great point here is that the medieval mind held as its central belief that the universe was designed for man and that every part of it, therefore, affected man’s life. __Then came the first renaissance. were is Copernicus, with his unsettling theory of the universe and Galilep and Kepler, trouble-makers all, imposing upon Deity powers even beyond the conception of the most devout believers. The author at this point asks tae modern man to imagine himself alive in 1643 in order to understand why Galileo was not condemned -for saying that the earth moved. Not that. He was trying to upset a philosophy, to tamper with a belief. From here the story moves, painstak- ingly. on to Dalton and Newton, to Darwin and evolution. In a word, it moves on to science “the leveler and measurer.” Moves into a close exam- ination of the turmoil occasioned by the theory of evolution. Excitement and controversy on the part of earlier scientists, as well as on ‘*he part of fundamentalist and other unready on- lookers at the march of sicence. This is not controversy. It'is, rather, a gathering up of the stages of change in common ideas of the universe and in a summary, as well, of the effect of these changes upon the texture of com- mon thought and behavior. Tha reader is asked to go back again for a re- survey of the road along which he has come—back to 1543, 1643, 1900-—to ar- rive at the new conception of the uni- verse. Just a matter of the increase of knowledge, of new aptitudes toward fresh recognitions and acceptances. So on through evolution and its prob- lems not yet solved, not yet really ap- proached, maybe, to man—today's man and tomorrow's—for an outlook upon him in the astounding present of which he is a part. For a conjecture, besides, of what all this of magic and marvel— what all this of science working in the material field—may have to do with man's “overbeliefs”” May have to do also with his current ways of life, with his outlook upon soctal problems—crime, lawlessness generally, upon work, upon every form of collective life. And what will the new day do with ideas about & future life? Conjectural all, of course. Probably they will do nething at all with these ideas. Beliefs are precious things, not to be disturbed. And far from any such intent is this writer. His work, his superb work, has heen to follow along the trail of merely to hunt out the most vital in the steps of devel- opment and growth that have been made by the human family since it be- ! gan its jours back there to over yonder. Having come upon these turn- ing points In the long journey, he has walited & while to discover what such changes have had to do with ideas, with the outlook upon an immediate fu- ture and upon that vastly more fmport- ant future reaching on beyond the mind's eye, almost beyond the reach of the spirit now and then. However, this author sets no such task as looking into the future. Too wise for that. What he does do is to express the conviction that worth any man’s while is the dis-| covery of an honest and reasonabl philosophy, a “day-to-day philosophy.” Tn pursuance of such conviction has he offered this study of the growth of man toward & larger . towa hold on the idea of a fundamental unity supporting the infinite variety of ap- rd a firmer |, ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC This is a special department devoted to the handling of inquiries. You have at your disposal an extensive or- ganization in Washington to serve you in any capacity that relates to informa- tion. ~Write your question, your name, and your address clearly, and inclose 2 cents in coin or stamps for reply. Send to The Washington Star In- formation Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, Washington, D. C. Q. What women are considered Gold Star Mothers?>—E. M. G. A. American Gold Star Mothers are those who sons are either buried in American cemeteries in France, were lost at sea, or whose resting places are unknown. .Q. Has Alaska a police force similar to the Royal Northwest Mounted Police?—M. H. A. There is no special police force in Alaska except in the cities. There are United States marshals and deputy marshals, who come under the De- partment of Justice. In addition to these the Hureau of Interior has a few special agents used in the sup- pression of liquor traffic among the natives. The Prohibition Bureau also has agents in Alaska who are used for the suppression of the liquor traffic. Q. When did the Hartford Courant become a daily newspaper?>—H. McG. A. It became a daily September 12, 1837. It was established in 1764 and was published weekly. Q. What is the origin of the term “ballyhoo?”—E. P. A. A. The term signifies the harangue of a ballyhoo-man or spieler before a cheap show, or, by metaphor, any noisy speech. It is from Ballyhooly, the name of a village in Cork, once notorious for its brawls. Q. Is it proper to carry meat to the mout: M‘}i{,h the fork in the left hand? A. It is purely an American custom to shift the fork from the left hand to the right hand when eating. It is correct to retain the fork in the left hand. Many children are now being encouraged to do this. Q. Were other Europeans settled in India when Great Britain took posses- sion?—G. W. H. A. The conquest of India by Great Britain has been of exceedingly gradual growth, the Portuguese and Dutch hav- ing settled on the mainland of India many years before the first attempt was made by British settlement. QMWh.lt is the Ninety-nine Club?— A. It is a national organization of woman air pilots which was formed last Fall ‘at the Curtiss-Wright Air- port at Valley Stream, Long Island. Q. Was Stephen Girard a rich man? —J. F. 8, A. Mr. Girard was the richest man in America at the time of his death (1831) and left his residuary estate, estimated at about six million dollars, to establish an institution for the care of poor white male orphans. Boys are admitted between 6 and 10 years of age, and may continue in the school until 14 to 18 years of age. At the present time boys of Philadelphia and Pennsylvania with only one parent liv- ing are eligible to enter Girard College. Q. Why, in blasting rocks, does black powder ,work upward and dynamite work ddwnward?>—M. D. A. The Bureau of Mines says that this is only an apparent effect. Re- peated experiments have shown that in case of all explosives the tendency is for the explosive effect to be exerted J. HASKIN. in all directions about the cepter of the explosive. When explosives are ex- ploded in the open and apparently un- confined, such differences seem to oc- | cur, because when dynamite is exploded upon the rock, the rock is shattered: | when black powder is exploded upon | the rock apparently no effect is pro- | duced upon the rock. The fact is that both of these explosives are confined at the time of explosion by the in- visible atme ere about them. When they are exploded, however, the dyna- mite explodes at a rate enormously greater than that of the black powder. The gases which are produced upon it§ | explosion are - therefore given off so fast that they become confined by the | air about them and therefore they exert | pressure upon the rock sufficient to | break the rock. In the case of the | black powder the gases are given off | so slowly that like the gases from a chimney fire, they mingle with | the atmosphere and therefore the pres- | sure exerted by the exploding powder | upon the rock J too little to produce | any breaking effect. | Q. How many men were in the Con- federate Arm yat one time?—J, R. K. A. There are supposed to have been 700,000 soldiers fighting on the Con- federate side during the Civil War when the strength of the Conféderate Armies was the greatest. | Q. Is Dr. Goddard still working on | his rocket? What will be accomplished | by it?—B. L. | A. New impetus has been given Dr. | Robert Goddard’s studies by the dona- tion of a fund by Daniel Guggenheim for the development of this research. 1t is impossible to estimate what the rocket will do for science, but one of its practical uses will be to make auto- matic records of atmospheric data that can be obtained in no other way. Pre- cision instruments will be placed in the rocket compartment and will register these data. Then a parachute will bring it back to earth. Q. How old is the new president of the University of California?—B. W. A. Robert Gordon Sproul is 38 years old. He graduated from the university in 1913, is an administrative and execu- tive expert and been controller of the institution for several years. . Are red-and-white Holstein-Frie- sian cattle considered as pure in breed, as the black-and-white?—M. N. A. The Department ‘of Agriculture says that it understands that in there have been for many years both red-and-white and black-and-white Holstein-Friesians. A great many of the breed jn this country carry recessive hereditary factors determining color. Cons€quently, not infrequently red-and-white calves will be secured fros tered black-and-white park ents. e Holstein-Friesian - tion, however, will not register the red- and-white offspring in this country even though they come from registered Holstein-Friesian parents. Q. What is ecology?—P. ¥. A. It is & comparatively new branch of botany, which deals with the rela- tion of the plant to its environment, fll;mt assoclations and plant distribu- n. Q. When did the issuing of Con- tinental money cease?—D. T. L. A. The year 1780 marked the end of the issuing of Continental money. The year 1783 is the last year in which State paper money was issued, and in that year only and North Carolina rency. The other 10 Colonies had stop- ped previous to that year. Highlights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands. E MATIN, Paris—Women have obtained the right to vote. in Turkey. ' It does not matter that their suffrage is valid for the present only in municipal and local elections. In a very short time they will be allowed the ballot in all legislative and national elections. < It seems very evident that Prench women remain ‘the only women with- out the right of franchise, not only in France, but even in the world. It also appears that if they continue to be so discriminated against, it is not ‘the fault of the Senate —Oh, no!-— for everybody knows that it is only too anxious to oblige the ladies. No, rather it is the fault of the women themselves, “Why should women wish to vote?” they often ask each other, “when they are so happy, and when the codes of law and chivalry are so favorable for them?” Such are the expressions heard on every side, and it is not merely men who make such remarks. * ok R X Interesting Way To Learn of Homeland. Star-Bulletin, Honolulu—A total of $200 in cash prizes is offered by the Hawailan Tourist Bureau for the 10 best essays on why tourists and resi- dents in Honolulu should visit the other islands.. Its object is not only to stimulate interest in Kauai, Maul and Hawaii, but to bring out the spe- cial inducements which trips to these islands offer. ‘There are many incentives which are obvious, but perhaps a larger number which may not be, and can be pointed out to the advantage of people in Honolulu. The contest will have served a splendid purpose if even a few of the people in the territory will set themselves to the task of enumerating what they have to offer visitors in recreation, education, beauty and other fields. It is an interesting way to find out what you really know about your own country, to say nothing of ning one of the, very substantial cash prizes. U. S. Seen as Overstepping Bounds. El Nuevo Diaro, Caracas.—The Unit- ed States seems to be usurping to her- self of late, particularly in the case of Cuba, Santo Domingo, Haiti, Nicaragua, Mexico and Panama, rights which she violently abrogated to European na- tions in South American political af- fairs. ( However, this inconsistency op- erated for our benefit in Secretary Olney's erroneous instructions to Mr. Bayard in the Anglo-Venezuelan dis- EE pute, though it did not alter the prin- | ished in 1823, * ok ok ok ciples estal Inconsistency Noted in Roughening Walks. Imparcial, Montevideo. — As’ is well known to all, the municipality has or- dered that the ite which serve as crosswalks for the pedes- trians at the street intersections be newly chipped to make them less dan- gerous under foot, especially on rainy days. Many of these stones, inseérted in the pavement, are worn smooth as glass, with frequent’ prejudice 'td . thosé Who use them. All over the central portion of the ecity, legions of me- chanics, with' their chisels, are h- ening the surface,of these u’:-lfinz stones anew. However, a strange inconsistency observed in the fact that while the au- thorities are engaged- in some surfaces traversed by pedestrians, they are polishing off others, notably pavement around the peristyle, not pearances. With no plan to offer solu- tions to the problem, the author by & fair and competent survey of the long road has sought to arrive at certain basic waymarks for the simplification of m: journey. & n en eme — everybody agrees that no Subject Is more absorbin ihan the life and the possible destiny of man. When. begides. that subject is in the hands of a scholar,.a man of sea- soned mind. When, too, it is projected not only by a competent writer, but by a gifted one as well—with all these “whens" looked after, & T is booked here for an adventure that car- ries his mind out um an intelligent quest of life that jlls him—some- times with fear, sometimes with dispute and controversy—to the heart, by virtuc of its good su far from our offices. -The pavement in this vicinity, while not a part of the street, strictly speaking, certainly offers perils to pedestrians neverthe- less, for it has been rubbed as smooth as marble. The authorities seem as yet unable to decide just which of the two surfaces offers the greatest security to foot passengers, the smooth or the rough, in thus providing both varieties for their use. The desire to give & monolithic effect to the setting of ge peristyle hardly seems to us a sufficient excuse for the exception. - Wasl—lington Anniversary To Be Truly National Prom the Kansas City Star. Comprehensive plans are under way to observe in 1932 the 200th anniver- sary of the birth of George Washington. The observance will be the most exten-~ sive ever witnessed in this country in honor of any man or any event. It will begin February 22 and continue until Thanksgiving day in November. The celebration was authorized by Congress in 1924. Later by joint resolution Con- gress invited the several States to join with the National Government in the movement and to name State commis- sions to direct State observances. The plan is to make the celebration truly national, with more or less cont patriotic manifestations, ordered studies and expositions of the life of Washing- ton through the schools and other me- diums; with particular reference to widespread commugity rlmcip-tkm. ‘While the States arge cities will have their own elaborate celebrations at varying times, the center of interest will be in Washington, where special and related activities will be directed with reference to the anniversary pe- riod. The splendid building program under way in the Capital will be ad- vanced as rapidly as consistent with facilities, to the end that as many of the -buildings as possible will be com- .pleted in time for the Summer visitors. . The total cost of this series of Federal buildings will be $150,000.000. The ma- jestic memorial bridge across the Po- tomac, symbolizing the union of North and South, soon will be ed. The Mount Vernon boulevard, now under construction, will be one of the most imposing drives in the world. The ex- tensive regional park system, a glorified project for the Capital City, will in- clude the ruins of old Potomac Canal. planned and constructed under the en- | gineering direction of Washington. President Coolidge, speaking on the subject of the celebration, said: “Wash- ington has come to personify the Re- public.” It is because of his tremen- dous foree in the War of Independence, in leading the victorious colonies through the first stages of acquired lib- erty, in presiding over Constitu- tional Convention and in serving as the Republic’s first President that sonification is apot and true. tion cannot too highly honor Wasx- ington, and this generation will have a favored opportunity in celebrating the 200th anniversary. ————— Getting Sister to Cook. From the Davion Daily News - Picnic Parties Take Notice. rn;n the Utiea Observer-Dispateh. e of the best things to carry al on a camping or pienic excursion hm constant recollection of what a care- leasly set forest fire may do. —————t— e Would Dad Help? Prom the Columbia, 8. C., State. It is all right, sald dad to his over- well af its h'flun:Mpu%nlm l‘l: Fif of authoranip. . lively son, to collect empty flasks, but there's no need to think personally /