Evening Star Newspaper, July 19, 1930, Page 6

A6~ THE EVENING STAR |t limit the executives powers under . With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SATURDAY.......July 19, 1830 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company 1th St. ennsyiva " ¢ Rorkc Sfice: 110 East 420d 8t. Chicago Office: Lake Michigan Bullding. European Office: 14 Regent St.. London, 'fll‘e by Carrier Within the City. i Evenine Star *oui: 450 Ter mon e Evening and Sunday ‘Star 60c per month 5 Sndays) 65¢ per month tar .....5¢ rer copy de at the end of each mot.th. sent in by mail or teleph Cwhen he Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia, Daily and_ Sunday.....1yr. $10.00: 1 mo.. 8% | 1yr 36000 1 mo.. dic By, Omr . ) junday only 1 400: 1 mo.. 40c | The Associated Prees ic exclu A New Economy Program. Last Summer the President called for economy in expenditures and proposed expenditures in order to help make pos- sible the reduction in taxes later ap- proved by Gongress. Vesterday the President appealed to the heads of the Government depart- ments to inaugurate a carefplly planned. if drastic, program of ec L\l&m\ directed toward cutting down their expenditures of money, already appropriated, to a figure approximating their last year's expenditures. This should be done with- out affecting the various projects con- templated by the Government to re- leve uncmployment, the President said. The difference between the expenditures in the last fiscal year and the appro- priations for the current fiscal year, including the postal deficit, but not including all post office appropriations, amounts to about $209,000,000. That figure represents the desirable saving to be effected this year, and the pur- pose of the reduction is to prevent a possible increase in taxes that would be necessitated by a possible reduction in revenue “arising from slack times.” If the man in the street has been left cold and apathetic over the politi- cal charges and counter charges relat- ing the extent of the economy practiced by the Hoover administration, the President now has given him a clear- cut picture and a candid statement of the Nation's finances and the objectives of practical economy that will win his sympathetic support. It is one thing merely to pare estimates of expendi- tures and eliminate paper projects from the budget, thereby saving millions of dollars that were never available for expenditure in the first place. But it is an altogether different thing to save money that Congress has already ap- propriated by not spending it, allowing it to remain in the Treasury. The lat- ter task is difficult and demands the exercise not only of economy but of rare judgment. 4 The comparisons of expenditures and appropriations last year and this have been presented recently in varying, and confusing, light, depending upon who was presenting them. Representative Byrns of Tennessee, the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee chairman, pointed to the Congress re- cently adjourned as a “five-billion-dol- lar session” and charged a “riot of ex- travagance” that has driven away even the “myth” of Coolidge economy. Mr. Hoover, as against Mr. Byrn's estimated appropriations of $4,924,929,233, shows that the real outlay appropriated by the last Congress reached $4,203,254,457. In his estimate Mr. Hoover eliminates postal outlays, with the exception of the postal deficit, explaining that the elimination is customary for the pur- poses of comparison. Otherwise the variations in. post office operations would destroy actual comparisons. De- spite the “riot of extravagance, last Congress appropriated only five per cent more than was spent in the last fiscal year. Reducing expenditures by five per cent should not be impossible. Aside from spending all it can afford to spend on public work projects that increase employment and the circula- tion of money in the industries affected, the Government's greatest contribution, during ‘the depression, will be to pre- vent further drains on pocketbooks through increased Federal taxes. - Farmers are tough and used to super- dry weather, but when prolonged drouth interferes with moonshiners, as it has been doing in some Southern States, then it is time to send for the rain- maker. - Copper was man’s eagliest known metal. And he used it for other things than to take “flyers” in it. et Germany's “Dictatorship.” Whnat a grand and glorious thing it might be, on occasion, for harassed Presidents of the United States if there were an Article 48, German model, in the American Constitution! Function- ing under that provision of the Weimar constitution, President Hindenburg has co-operated with the Reich cabinet to declare the government's fiew finance program a law. The program was hotly opposed by a Reichstag coalition of Nationalists, Communists and Fascists. The Social Pemocrats, the largest single party in the Reichstag, abstained from the con- troversy. Lacking a majority to put through the finance measure on its own lines, the Bruening government deter- mined to invoke the “dictatorial” para- graph of the constitution. It clothes the President with the au- thority, “whenever public security and order -in the German nation is con- siderably disturbed or endangered, to take all necessary measures to re-estab- lish such public security and order, and, 1f required, to intervene with the aid of armed power.” The Social Democrats forthwith served notice that they would move to declare Article 48 inopera- tive. ‘To prevail, such a notice would need a two-thirds majority of those present at the given session, and such | unyielding fealty to his “The Presidemt,” it says, “must imme- diately give notice to the Reichstag of all measures decreed under the provi- sions of this article. The measures must be revoked if the Reichstag £0 desives.” Here is a situation not unlike that created under our political system when the President, in exercise of his “dic- tatorial” authority, vetoes an act of Congress. If Congress can muster a requisite two-thirds majority in each house, it can override the veto. As the veterans’ legislation issue recently demonstrated, this is not always possible. The prestigs of ‘the President was an imponderable which induced Congress to reseind its previous action. Berlin appears to believe that President Hindenburg's instant readiness to in- voke his veto power over parliamentary oppesition will in the end result in vindication of the government's position. The venerable soldier-statesman has throughout his five years' occupancy of the presidential palace in the Wilhelm- strasse given continuous evidence of his duties under the constitution. But now the German people know he does not shrink from taking advantage of his prerogatives as well. His act of “dictatorship” con- serns a matter of vital national welfare, enactment of $125,000,000 new taxation for_budget-balancing purposes. ——— Filibuster. Opponents of the London naval treaty in the Senate are treating the country to the latest “fillbuster” in that bedy. Exercising the right of unlimited de- bate accorded Senators under the rules of that body, this mincrity, & bare handful of Senators, is seeking to nre- vent action on the treaty through the mere holding of the floor. At the first night session of the Senate last night on the naval treaty Senator Hale of Maine read to the Senate an Armistice day speech of former President Cool- idge, occupying about an hour of the Senate’s time. An admirable address, but its reading last night was clearly for time killing purposes. Other mem- bers-ef the band of treaty opponents regale the Senate by reading page after page of testimony taken before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, all of which has been public for weeks and has been printed and placed in the hands of individual Senators. It has been clear ever since the open- ing of the special session of the Senate to deal with the treaty two weeks ago that the opposition in the end must rely on obstructionist tactics, and to those tactics they have now come. It has been known to the obstructionists, to the whole Senate and to the country from the start that the treaty will be overwhelmingly ratified once a vote is reached. All that the obstructionists hoped for was to be able to tire out the Senate, break a quorum and compel an adjournment. The response of Senators to the. call for attendance upon the daily sessions of the Senate dealing with the treaty, however, has been greater than the opposition had ex- pected. The end of the fight appears to be in sight. The supporters of the treaty have sought to obtain from the opponents an agreement to close debate after a reasonable time for discussion of the treaty. But the opponents have de- clined to make any such agreement. ‘There remains, therefore, an avenue for the supporters of the treaty to win to a close of debate. That is to keep the Senate in session long hours daily and nightly and thus finally to wear the opposition out. If this seems cruel; if the obstructionists complain of the rough treatment accorded them by compelling them to talk and talk some more, the answer is that the obstruc- tionists have merely brought their dis- tress upon themselves and can be re- lieved of it as soon as they are willing to permit a vote to be taken. ‘The Senate is known as a deliberative body. The contest now under way over the naval treaty, however, robs it of that title and makes it a mere talking marathon race. The minority is en- titled to a full hearing on the treaty. It has had it. The majority is now entitled to act on the pact. The-Senate has a rule under which cloture may be invoked by a two-thirds vote of ‘those present and voting. The supporters of the treaty have been loath to adopt the cloture rule, while the obstructionists have sought to taunt them into doing o, hoping then to proclaim to the country that the minority has been ‘gagged.” Under the plan adopted by the leaders sup- porting the treaty, no one can complain that the minority has been prevented from talking, and the clear intention of the obstructionists becomes revealed to the country. e “Thieves Sought to Avert Blast of Stolen Pipes,” ran a recent headline. Perusal of the story disclosed that lead pipes impregnated with nitro- glycerin were meant, not Highland pipes impregnated with pibrochs. —— Scientists have discovered and classi- fied @ bug with 194 legs. Why could not Nature have been a sport and given him an even 200? R Mustapha Kema) Pasha's blood must be. pretty thoroughly Kurdled by now. R Hoover in ’32. Senator Royal S. Copeland, Democrat, of New York, if he is quoted correctly in the New York Times, places a desire for returning prosperity in this coun- try above politics. Furthermore, the New York Senator has proclaimed his faith in an early return of prosperity. He said, addressing a meeting in New York of representatives of the gar- ment trade: “For as sure as fate the chimneys will be smoking and the crops will be good and will bring good prices in 1932 and Hoover will be re-elected.” Some of his audience, perhaps con- sidering the Democratic source of .this remark, laughed. But Senator Cope- land added, “That's seriou Senator Copeland is quite right in saying that if the mills begin working full time again and the crops are good, along with prices, there is little doubt the Republican administration will be | continued in power. Economic condi- tions in this country today have more majority, in turn, must constitute two- thirds of the entire Reichstag. ‘The expectation at’ Berlin that the Bruening cabinet would dissolve the Reichstag if it voted down President Hindenburg's application of the “dicta- torship” has been promptly verified. Article 48- contains a clause which Qn #s5 face seems very effectually i [ to do with political elections, generally speaking, than any other factor, A fiat pocketbook inclines the voter to seek a change in government, even though the change cannot possibly remedy the situ- ation, But Senator Copeland's predic- tion of better times and & re-election of President Hoover is another thing. 1t might well have been expected from THE EVENING STAR, a Republican Senator. Indeed, it is the kind of prediction that has been made by leading Republicans for several months. The Democrats, on the other hand, have pictured a gloomy prospect. ‘The optimism of the New York Sena- tor strikes & happier note. Many a man has been made to believe him- self ill merely because he and others have constantly repeated the asser- tion that he is unwell. An anvil chorus of knockers in this country, decrying the business situation, cannot fail to have its effect on the more timid who are engaged in business, in manu- facturing and in production generaily. Senator Copeland, addressing the garment makers supported the hour day and the five-day week. work hours of men and women in many industries have been shortened in re- cent years. What the situation might be so far as production is concerned if the old ten and twelve hour day for the workers was still in effect is prob- lematical. The tendency has been throughout industry to lessen the hours of work, increase efficiency and so not lose in the matter of production. Dr. Copeland criticized big corporations, including the railroads, for laying off men at this time, claiming they were merely adding to the distressed condi- *ions in this country. In this the Dem- ocratic Senator is correct. It was to prevent the laying off of workers that President Hoover called his conferences with industrial and agricultural leaders last Fall after the stock market crash. ‘The coming congressional campaign is near at hand. Opponents of the ad- ministration doubtless will seek to show the voters just how bad conditions are, in the hope that the Republicans will be turned out. This may be good poli~ tics, but it is bad psychology for the country at large. Senator Copeland's brand is better. e et Minoa's Hard Luck. Was there ever a sadder' story than that which comes from Minoa, N. Y. telling of the bitter experience of the Fire Department of that community? Five years ago Minoa blew itself to # regular fire-fighting organization, with a pumper, uniforms and all the ap- purtenances. The firemen were what might be called part-timers, putting in most of their time in business and the rest of it sitting around the fire house waiting for an alarm. But no alarm came. For five years Minoa went with- out a single blaze, hardly a smudge. It was one of the most fireless towns.in America. ~ Then the other day the Minoa department, apparatus and all, went to East Syracuse. which is the nearest metropolis, to take part in a parade. While it was gone a regular fire started in Minoa and before the department could get back from East Syracuse the post office, the grocery store and the restaurant were destroyed. It is a fair bet that Minoa’s Fire De- partment’ will go on no more picnics and excursions. Meanwhile the town wants to know whether there was some- thing more than just a coincidence in the happening of a fire whiie the de- partment was' off parading. —te A New York waitress bought a small airplane with her tips. A trifie! Waliters buy apartment houses, and as for hat- check boys, they come to work in high- powered yachts. 3 i A e Of all card games likely to prove popular with Zeppelin travelers it is thought that “Spit in the Ocean” will win and hold the palm. D — SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON, An Ideal Pastime. How we disdained the simple joys Life offered us of yore! Now, when the mercury annoys, Regrets afflict us sore. The blessings of this earthly lot Seem brighter as they go. ‘We most esteem what we have not— I'd like to shovel snow. Golf never tempts my faney ‘much. 1 never learned to play. The finer points I cannot touch In tennis or croquet. There’s just one sport which I'd admire When earth is all aglow; A simple yet a vain desire— T'd like to shovel snow. A Cheerless Prediction. “Do you think that our country will ever succeed in getting rid of grafters?” “Yes,” answered Senator Sorghum. “There will be a time when grafters are unheard of. But it will be due to the change that is constantly going on in our vocabulary. There will be & new word that means the same thing.” Shifting the Blame. “That tenor is one of those people who manage to shift the blame when- ever anything goes wrong.” “Yes,” answered Miss Cayenne. *“I observe that he always has to be coaxed to sing.” Fate'’s Differences, In life some fearful contrasts lurk. Each has its own position. Some men are born to go to work And some to go a-fishin’. A Distinction. “What is the difference between a practical and a theoretical farmer?” “A theoretical farmer,” answered Farmer Corntossel, “is one that insists on tryin’ to make a livin’ off the farm, an' a practical one jes’ faces the in- evitable an’ turns the plage over to Summer boarders.” Practical Preference. “You studied French while you were abroad?” “I did,” answered Mr. Cumrox. “I prefer the French language to the English.” “Indeed?” “Yes. It makes it harder for mether and the girls to find fault with my grammar.” v Peace. Men speak of peace In gentle phrase; ‘They say that it Should rule our ways. Yet, while they talk In terms polite, They often plan Another fight. “Once in a while,” said Uncle Eben, man thinks he is showin’ his inde- pendence when he is simply puttin’ an six- | The | WASHINGTON, D. C, SATURDAY THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Don't be a one-topic person. | Or an invariable greeter. | puR Perhaps these phrases require ex-| planation. There is only one phrase which can be repeated endlessly, and that is “Good morning.” Any other unvarying brand of greet- ing, or topic, will leave the recipient wishing he were some place else. | The man who always greets you with the same remark, or who can talk about only one thing. whatever it may be. is a variant of the gentleman we wrote about here the other day, who aspires to a cleverness which he does not pos- sess. He may call you “old been,” or some sugh foolery, which may have been cun- | | i ning when it first came into circulation in Great Britain some time ago. Yet here he comes, fire in his eye, in- | tending to call you an “old bean,” al- though you may be as young as the fresh grass and as unlike a bean as any other vegetable. 4 Yet he is going to call you “old bean™ just the same. He slways does, and there is no help for it. Somehow he has got the idea fixed in his head that there is no other | way to greet one. | You are “old bean” now, and vou will | be “old bean” 20 years from now. x k% % Or perhaps he has a variation of | your name which he likes, having made it up himself out of clear air, a veri- table sfroke of genius. tis He calls you “Johnny Lowbrow,” say. “Hello. Johnny Lowbrow,” he calls It makes no difference to this wag whether you are in the company of the | president of the firm or the manager of some huge international exposition. “Hello, Johnny Lowbrow!” Although you had been hearing that monstrosity for many vears, it always | left a bad taste in your mouth. Once, in a moment of carelessness, you had remonstrated mildly with him upon the ineptitude of such a name. You had carefully explained to him that you were, in all honesty and truth, neither a “lowbrow” nor a ‘“Johnny. You had recalled the many illustrious | men who had been in full possession of the name John. You had pictured the inalienable rights which they possessed lo that name. You had shown, by repeated refer- ences to the best and most standary dictionaries, that the term ‘“lowbrow could have no reference to such a studious chap as yourself. All this had been worse than useless. It merely had impressed him with the desirability of calling you “Johnny Low- brow. Henceforth nothing else would do at all. * ok k% One may reseat, too, the implication of such persons that one invariably must mean just one thing in the world. No matter how broad one may aspire to be, or how many interests one assumes, with such a person one means just one thing. He knows you have a dog, let us say. Henceforth, though the heavens fall, that pup will be the sole topic of con- versation every time you meet. Now you like the dog. It is a fine pup, worthy of any man’s conversation. You like him as well as any man likes a dog, but when this specimen comes down the street you hear, long before he arrives in halling distance, the oft- repe,u(td greeting, “Well, how’s the Vit ‘Well, how's the pup indeed! You are a mere pup costodian, evidently, as far as he is concerned. The important happenings of the week, national, inter- national and personal, have no standing with him. The major problems of Europe give way to the interrogation .as to the health of a pup. What makes it worse is that you know the fellow has no real | interest in the dog. to say, and he always s: thing. In such a mood, you sometimes wish he would say nothing at all, but just leave you alone. But no, “pup” is shin- ing in his eves. He will inquire about that pup or burst. * K K % The standard topic for each person 1t is just something s the same | we know fs another queer phase of hu- man nature. Most men and women seem to think that such is necessary, as a sort of mental springing board for what they want to sa; Human- beings are “touchy.” resent—oh, anvthing—all too easily. (As we are doing in this article, per- haps) Every one knows this and wants to lead up to something—any- thing—as painless as possible. Instead of blurtng right into the toplc of the Washington ball club and its chances for the pennant. he secks to placate you by talking first about an old subject which has been received with consideration. Maybe the subject is Japanese bectlek, In an unguarded moment last Summer | you spoke of having found one of these pests in your garden. No sooner was the word out of your mouth than you regretted it, for you knew that hencefcrth yoti would be, to him. simply a Japanese beetle. “Found any-more beetles?” he asks. If he meets you one time a day or ten tigees, it is always the same. “Found any more beetles?” b . . Thus every human being becomes to every other human being a topic, a theme, a standard subject for a con- versation. One man is an automobile. another a dog, another a Japanese beetle, an- other a book, another the theater, an- other the theory and practice of politics. This man is real estate, and that man is coal. Many insist on identifying others solely with their businesses, as if in- capable of being interested in any- thing else. \ It would perhaps be nearer to the truth if luncheon clubs or business men, instead of requiring each member to place his name on a tag or button on his coat, would insist on members identifying themselves as to work. One would become “Furniture,” an- other “Gas,” another “Stationery” and a great many would turn into “Golf.” But the theory and practice of this would be all wrong, from the stand- point of the complete human being. Even the most self-centered person is interested in a great many things, and no one should attempt to circumscribe him by invariably talking to him as if he_were incapable of anything else. If another is worth greeting at all, he merits being regarded as one worth the slight trouble of a differentiated conversational approach. Anti-Noise Recruits Won When New “Eardrum _ protective assoclations” ) throughout the country are demanded as a result of the report of the Noise Abatement Commission in New York, showing that health is seriously af- fected by unrestrained activities and in- difference in modern communities. It is proposed that every city or town have such a commission for permanent service, and that horn honking and such sounds as are produced by ma- chinery and offical motor vehicles be subdued. s inst many noises,” concludes the Cleveland Plain Dealer, “the only ef-| fective weapon is public opinion and | the slow process of lmpmvmiI public taste and manners. All can ‘help in| this campaign. They can avoid mis- use ot auto horns, for one thing, re- membering that all the honks from here to the moon won't dissolve a traf- fic jam. They can turn the loud speaker down when the windows are open these July evenings. If they stand well with their dogs they may be able to induce them to’ bark less frequently. So let all help, forming a great mutual eardrum protective as- sociation. There's no initiation fee and the dues are payable in good deeds.” “Sclentific tests conducted at Bel- levue Hospital,” which are made a part of the New York report, are cited by the Richmond News Leader, and especially the fact that “the sudden ‘popping’ of a paper bag increased brain pressure fourfold.”” That paper commends: “It is altogether ppssible that urban noise constitutes a large factor in muml recurring high pres- sure on brain and thereby con- tributes to the hemorrhages that so often bring down men in later middle life. Industrial efficiency is certainly reduced by noise.” * ok kK b An explanation of the fact that “Americans who dwell in the country live on the average longer than their city brthren” is seen by the Newark Evening News, which points out that the indictment “is not peculiar to Gotham,” and adds that “all cities merit it In a degree, and all city- dweliers suffer more or less from the effects, 'These. were recognized before this commission undertook the research | demonstrated how .no.lse. part of urban health administration, the strident shriek of the average busy community will be toned down,” as- serts the News. “Desipte an _accumulation of evi- dence,” avers the Chicago Daily Tri- bune, “vast numbers of city dwellers seem to think that noise, like smoke, is an inevitable accompaniment of modern industrialism and that preven: tion 'is a blow at economic progress.” The Tribune advises: “Noise is costly to society because it diminishes pro- duction, both of commodities and ideas, The expense of noise abatement, on the other hand, is frequently not great. * % & The trouble does nof lie as much | ck of knowledge as in indifference.” urther word from | suggests the New | Orleans Morning Tribune, “smaller | clties will be justified in clamping lids or whatever is handy upon the mid- | night radio and phonograph.” The | Tribune remarks: “New York may not | get excited about fts health. But its ‘efficiency’ may interest it. 1f the com- mission can persuade business men that ‘the continual pressure of strident sound tends to produce impairment of hear- ing, to introduce harmful strain upon the nervous system leading to l?ss of efficiency of workers and thinkers,’ then the cause will be won.” * ok ok Pinding in the report evidence that “the daily pandemonius” is not “repre- hensible for the sole reason that it dis- turbs the equanimity of a certain num- ber of nervous people” the Syracuse Herald thinks “it is the prevalence of that nice theory that accounts re than any other single influence for’the public toleration of city noises, even though many of them are wanton and mischievous ‘and, in_short, avoidable.” The Herald feels that “the problem must be tackled everywhere.” “There ought to be general sympathy with the movement to establish an anti- club,” declar Chattanooga noise )’ res the Times of efforts in its own city, recog- “raucous, nizing that * en, Tasping, sharp and continuous roises have much and heart York Sets Pacé which in late years have added so enor- mously to the ill health of this coun- try.” Thé Times records that in its community the Fire Department has “ordered a reform in the use of siren alarms in cases of fite” and expresses the hope thai it will “put an end to the continued screeching of apparatus.” ‘The Charleston Daily Mail is convinced that “the most useless noise of all, and the worst, is honking loudly when there is obstruction to motor traffic.” “Many hoises that are peculiarly try- ing are absolutely needless and repre- sent only indifference to the comfort of the public. Every community needs a competent apd active noise-abatement commission,” in the opinion of the Chi- cago Daily News. The Albany Evening News concedes that “it may be that the race can accustom itself to the noise of modern life,” but argues that “every effort to reduce the evil ought to be made.” The Fort Wayne News-Sentinel finds confirmation of “the old conten- tion of experts that any city can have just about whatever degree of quiet its citizens demand,” and the Roanoke Times states that “many cities are working on the problem, and reduction in preventable noises may be expected confidently.” “The country smiled tolerantly when New York started the campaign, for it seemed like another metropolitan whim,” says the Battle Creek Moon- Journal, noting, however, that “appar- ently the metropolis is serious about it,” and it voices the encpuragement: “Let the good work go on. It would be a fine thing if ‘the big cities became havens of silence, so that people from small towns and villages would have somewhere to go to ease their eardrums and rest their nerves.” Enforcing the argument with the fact that “seemingly there is no low de- scending sun but sets upon some new auditory torment, while old ones grow in violence,” the Asbury Park Press as- serts: “Man’s inventive genius, ever re- sponsive to demand, has been working far into the night, devising ways and means of shattering peace and driving sleep from our couches. Motorists beat a path to the door of the creator of tihe loudest automobile horn. Radio en- thusiasts regard volume and penetration as the sine qua non of musical satisfac- tion. Traffic policemen were made to blow traffic whistles, and- there had to be a crime wave to give the newsboys something to cry into the passérby’s ear. ‘When bigger and worse noises are made, people will make them.” - Supports Ownership " Of Foul Into Stands From the Loulsville Courier-Journal. A wild ball batted into the bleachers belongs to the recipient. This was the solemn adjudication of a Chicago Mu- nicipal Court. The issue before the judge, to be sure, was one of disorderly conduct, but he bestowed the property rights on a 17-year-old boy who had kept the ball and the decision is not likely 1o be controverted. The boy caught the foul and he and his com- panions battled ushers valiantly until they were removed by police and slated for misdemeanor. The defendants were discharged. Strictly speaking, no doubt, the de- cision establishes no legal precedent. ‘This was not & civil procedure. Never- theless, it gives substantial support to a custom prevailing when the catcher of a wild ball insists upon the privilege of retaining it as a souvenir. Prudence has encouraged the custom. Base ball management, conscious of possible per- sonal injury damage suits, cautions em- ployes against violence in recovering $1.50 worth of property. Ushers at the Cub park will need no further cautioning. They will yield the tenth point of the law when the bleacherite has the other nine in his pocket and appears determined to keep them. ‘There is, of course, no consideration i the purchase price of a bleacher ticket for the transfer of a proprietary interest in the paraphernalia used in the game, including the balls. The purpose for which the balls were pur- chased was to be knocked about. Yet when & spectator is compelled to shield himself from one of 'm_with his hands and holds on to the ball, it is the part of discretion to humor him. The lnr}l::lt :‘g law seems to apply— a wild property of any one who takes it in flight, They | . JULY 19, 1930.° ! THE LIBRARY TABLE By the Booklover James Truslow Adams is not a mem- ber of the famous Adams family of Massachusetts, s8 he cannot be accused of self-glorification in his book, “The Adams Family.” in which he traces the fortunes of four generations of Adamses and their services to the United States. Of this family he says: “In America there is one family, and only one, that generation after generation has con- sistently and without interruption made cantributions of the highest order to our history and civilization.” The first of the family in America was Henry Adams, a young farmer of Barton St. David, in Somersetshire, England, who emigrated to Massachusetts with his family in 1636 and settled in the town which was afterward called Braintree. For four generations the men of the family were “simple but public-spirited yeomen” and “had not displayed the slightest element of greatness or dis- tinction of either mind or achievement. They had been hard-working, pious, re- liable, public-spirited village folk. few miles away in Boston counting rooms or State House, fortunes were being built up. reputations gained and history made.” Then was born John Adams, who was to become President of the United States, son of another John and Susanna Boylston Adams. “Was it due to some mysterious result from the combination of Adams and Boylston blood far beyond the ken of science even today, or to some un- fathomable synchronism between the peculiar qualities of the Adamses and the whole social atmosphere of the next few generations, a subtle interplay of ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC Washington is the world's greatest storehouse of all kinds of knowledge. You ean draw’ on it free of charge through our bureau here. Any ques- tion of fact you may ask will be an- to you. Be careful to write clearly, give your full name and address, and inclose ' 2-cent stamp for reply post- age. Sénd your inquiry to The Wash- ington Star, Information Bureau, Fred- eric_J. Haskin, director, Washington. D. C. Q. How does the distance that a golf ball can be driven compare~with that of a base bali?>—D. E. V. A. A golf ball has been driven more than three times as far as the record base ball. Q. Why does it take so many more muscles to frown than to smile?>—W. W A. The human face has a large num- ber of small muscles under the sur- face of the skin. The art of frown- ing requires the use of muscles of th forehead and scalp. It is thus pos- A [sible to produce many wrinkles in that area. Smiling calls only for the use l@f several muscles located in the vicinity of the mouth, nose and eyes. Q. How many galions of water does it take to produce a ton of ice?—R. C. K. A. About 240 gallons. Q. What hotel was the first to in- stall an elevator?—S. M. A. The Fifth Avenue Hotel in New York City installed the first in 1859. ‘This figured in selecting it as a hostelry at which the Prince of Wales was unknown forces, or to mere chance in »_universe in which atoms rush and collide chaotically? Fascinating as the problem is, it is insoluble.” James Truslow Adams divides his book into four parts: “The First Generation— John Adams,” “The Second Genera- tion—John Quincy Adams,” “The Third Generation—Charles Francis Adams,” and “The Fourth Generation—John Quincy, Charles Francis, Henry and Brooks Adams.” * ok K X There is also en _epilogue to “The Adams Family,” which introduces the fifth generation and is so dramatic that it is worth quoting. “On Septem- ber 20, 1824, John Quincy Adams wan- dered among the tombstones of the family burial plot at Quincy musing on the past and future of his line. ‘Four generations, of whom very little more is known,” he wrote in his ‘Diary,’ ‘than is recorded upon these stones, There are three succeeding generatiors of us now living. Pass another century and we shall all be mouldering in the same dust, or_resolved into the same ele- ments. Who then of our posterity shall visit this yard? And what shall be read engraved upon the stones? This is known only to the Creator of all. The record may be longer. May it be of blameless lives!” The century has passed. We have seen the generations and today a third Charles Prlncés‘ a son of John Quincy’s grandson, John Quincy, is head of the family. A Har- vard graduate, like all his family since John; for 30 years treasurer of the university; a Jawyer, like all his family; a famous yachtsman who defended the America’s Cup against the British, a man :true to the family tradition and honored in his community, he sits in the cabinet at Washington as Secretary of that Navy which was founded by Johr. John Quincy’s wistful hope has been {fulfilled, ‘The record may be longer.' " * ok koK James Truslow Adams finds in his study of the Adams family certain characteristics occurring im all genera-\ tions and in most members of the family. They were all thinkers, indi- vidualists, and €id not follow the psy- chology of the mob. Their thinking tended to generalization and there was a “strong bent of the Adams mind away from facts and phenomena toward pri- mary laws and principles.” This does not mean that they were not practi- cal men; their achievements show that they . were. But they were incapable of playing the political game. This perhaps accounted for the single terms of both John and John Quincy Adams. ‘The members of the family were always at_the disposal of their country for public office or missions, but ' would never seek office or use the generally practiced methods to attain it. So, «when toward the end of hjs te: as President, he was confronted by! the bitter opposition of the adherents of Jackson, John Quincy confided to his diary: “I know the disadvantages on which I now stand, and am conscious of my inability to make intérest by ca- balling, bargaining, place-giving or tampering with members of Congress * * s To one thing, however, I had made up my mind: I would take no one step to advance or promote preten- sions to the presidency.” The Adams have all been writers and diaries, letters and autobiographies, as well as less per- sonal works, have flowed from their | pens. The “Letters” of Abigail Adams, wife of John Adams, are famous. Charles Francis Adams, Ambassador to England during the Civil War, with devotion to family tradition, edited and published the “Letters” of his grand- mother, Abigail, and: the “Works” of his grandfather, John Adams. Henry ‘Adams of the fourth' generation, long a resident of Washington, is reckoned as one of the most original and cul- tured of American writers. His “Mont Saint Michel and Chartres” and his “Education of Henry Adams” are unique, Reserve has marked all|the family. Though devoted to family and friends, they were not demonstrative. In some of her letters Abigail com- plained of the “appearagce of inatten- tion” in John's letters. | In dealing with their children, Adams’ parents almost invariably showed complete respect for the liberty of the younger generatian. On the other hand, the children h‘ve usually “given great consideration ‘to the opinions, when they have known them, of the parents.” Familiarity with European life has been part of the cul- tural equipment of all the family from the time when John went to France in 1778 to help win France to aid the cause of the new American Nation, tak- ing with him his 10-year-old son, John Quincy. Comparing father and son by the touchstone of Europe, J. T. Adams says: “Europe had far more attraction for John Quincy in the secohd genera- tion of the family than it had had for John in the first. He appreciated to the full the varied advantages of that European soclety in which he had moved easily from his earliest boyhood, and he had also acquired tastes that his father had not * * * John had made the family international politically; John Quincy had become international impressionably. In balanced judgment, rmbnb]y the little Charles Francis, ess than 2-year-old baby (when hfi father, John| Quincy Adams, went to Russia as bassador), was to become in time the most notable of the family line, but that distinction must be given to John Quincy when we are consider- ing the balance between the moyal, intellectual nmll esthetic in character. * x % ‘The appointment of John Masefield as poet laureate of England seems to }“ve won !;e.he ‘!m:?v‘lll ':r! at least a arge number of the men_of the country, though there :;y mu%nunu those who are disappointed that Kipl or Alfred Noyes was not the choleeu%’ the King_(or prime minister). George Bernard Shaw, Galsworthy, Chesterton and Drinkwater are all delighted. approving comments emphasize the point that Masefleld has written of an nusually large number of aspects of ¢1ml| llfe’ Am: h:hn he possesses in- tense love for lish soil and truly English love Mhu’e sea. 2 * K Kk % A beautifully illustrated -children’s book by Andre Maurols, known in French as “Le Pays des Trente-Six Mille Volontes,” will appear in the :mluu:’\: :1'1?%.‘ You Please.” ransla done by Pauline Fairbanks, and Amnne.m Fall as lagh, ‘The R e e entertained in 1860. Q. What is the most valuable fur?— G.E F A. The sable is the most valuable of all furs. It is soft and silken, deep brown, often slightly silvered. It is found” only in Siberia. Japanese and Chinese sable, value, are usually dyed or topped. Q. What was the first educational endowment in America?—D. T. ‘r A. The bequeathing of 250 es of land, an adjacent salt marsh, and eight milk cows comprised the first educational endowment in America. It was left by Benjamin Symmes to found a free school in Elizabeth County, Va. Mr. Symmes died in 1634. Q. Does a small electric fan cone sume more electricity than a large one during the space of an hour?— A. With the same motor and voltage and_setting, the current used with a small electric fan is the same as used in fll:e large one. The speeds are not equal. Q. Why does a gold prospector in chékl wear a net over his face?— “A. Gold prospectors in Alaska wear netting over their faces to protect them from mosquitoes. . Q. Who first used gas for the extrac- tion of teeth>—H. W. J. ’ A. In 1840, Horace Wells, American dental surgeon, expressed the idea that teeth might be extracted painlessly by the application of nitrous oxide gas. He tested the efficacy of the gas in this operation on his own person in 1844 and afterwards frequently used it in his practice. Q. Was Jean de Reszke a baritone or a tergr?——o. W. K, A. He began his operatic career as a baritone. After a few years, he be- came convinced that his voice was a tenor, left the stage for further study, and returned as a tenor. His brother, swered promptly in a personal leuerl local varieties of less | J. HASKI }Mmmrd, was a famous Jean de iluun died in 1025, Edouard, in 1917, Q. What memorial has the most wreaths placed upon it?—G. L. L. A. It is believed that the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Arlington Cemetery has been decorated more !often than any monument or memorial, | taking into consideration the length of | time that it has been built. Searcely y passes that a wreath is | placed upon the tomb in tribute, and |often two or three are laid tnere upda | the same day. | Q. What is the voltage of lightning | strokes?—B. P. ¢ | A. There are estimates only. These | range from a few hundred thausand to | several billion volts, depending upon the |ideas of the persons making the esti- | mates. No measurements have been made. Q. Are Indian reservations placed in the natural habitat of the Indians who a® assigned to them?—K. C. A. Indian reservations quite fre quently are some of the old Indian | lands on which the Indians have al- | waye lived. | @ What was the maiden name of | the princess who met her death in & | transatiantic flight>—T. H. A. Princess Ludwig Lowenstein- | Wertheim was the Lady Ann Saville, | daughter of the Fourth Earl of M {borough. She married & German | prince. Q. Why are hurch weddings in movies always in Catholic or Episcopal churches?—T. F. B, A. It is because the services of these two denominations make more effective pictures than would be the services of some of the other denominations. Q. Is there a ruling as to the relative size of & yacht club's pennant and & private owner's pennant?—R. W. A. The Bureau of Navigation, Com= merce Department, says that there is no law regarding this. There might, however, be a club rule. Q. Does cover charge ever include the food served?—A. E. A. A cover charge is an assessment for the privilege of having a seat in & ;est-unnt. It includes no article of | Q. Who was the youngest American w_;ee active service in the World War? L. A. Stephen William Harvey, who at the age of 13 served‘in the front-line trenches, has been officially recognized as the youngest soldier of the allled armies. He was born in Seattle, Wash., November 19, 1901. He enlisted in Canada in 1914 and served with the Canadian forces until 1919. He then :ent to Archangel with the American rmy. 3 Q. Please give the base Dfll!'l’:rle! and methods of handling of the ited States mail—P. R. A. The Post Office Department says that mail is dropped in the box, picked up by the collector, and placed on the facing table in the Post Office.. It is then picked up with all the stamps arranged according to the size of the envelope and run through the cancel- ing machine. The mail is then taken to a primary distribution case and there assorted into various boxes; then taken to a State case where it is dis- tributed according to offices in the State and tied out in bundles according to train schedules. When it reaches the office which it is addressed it is dis- tributed by clerks to routes in the city by numbers, each number representing a city carrier. The city carrier on his next trip delivers the mail to the street address of the party addressed. Highlights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands E MATIN, Paris—The street sweepers fold their arms and rest from their fatigues when they see a lady arrayed in the latest mode passing majestically along the asphalt of the crossing or sidewalk. We noticed one recently. Her train was cloth of silver,'and made an excellent broom—a little rough, but for that reason better for sweeping than birch twigs. The lady proceeded on her way to the party, the taxi chauffeurs disgppointed in a fare, and soon she disappeared in the dusk of twilight, all unconsciously performing, with the aid of her dressmaker, work of the municipal street cleaners, with a skirt so long that it served as a dust collector. Yes, the long skirt is again in fash- jon, and our masculine hearts rejoice at seeing women return again to more feminine habiliments; to the dignified and gracefully devised costumes of old. * A x X Encouraging News for Tourists? Falastin, Jaffa—Under “Notes for Tourists,” a writer gives a sketch of Nablus in a recent issue of the Pales- tine Bulletin. In the first few lines we read: “The people of Nablus (ancient Shechem) will not be pleased to see you (the tourist) and you are likely to have stones thrown at your head in order that a pious Moslem may have the joy of having beaten & Chris- ta This is certainly very encouraging propaganda for Palestine tours. * kX X Cotton or Linen Shirt Is Preferable, El Nuevo Diario, Caracas—Nothing is so essential for the daily garb as a good shirt. In these days of enervat- ing heat there is no alternative but that & man must work in his shirt- sleeves, even when he is employed at a desk or counter, and though we may not be able to afford European novel- ties of silk or flannel, we can still feel that nothing is more appropriate or more sensible than a good shirt of linen or cotton goods, if it is fabri- cated to perfection in its fit and style. In such a shirt a man is arrayed in clothing that conforms to all the re- quirements of the weather, the fash- jon and the conventions. * x %k Sunday More a Day of Tragedy Than of Rest. El Tiempo, Bogota—The tradition of Sunday in Bogota is g more and more that of a day of tragedy, irather than a day of tranquillity and restfulness. Recently there were so many traffic accidents and other calamities that we have the spfi to allude only to a few of them. lice ambulances during the day several times exhausted thelr supply of gaso- line, so many more or less severely ia- jured people had to be conducted to the hospitals. ' Automobiles, howevef, were not to blame for most of the casualties recently. One man was mortally hurt by a stone hurled by a companion after they had had some libations together, and a more serious alcohol exeess in the Club Escandon, in the Las Cruces quarter, terminated in a general altercation in which 30 were hurt, some of them gravely. The increase in the accidents and disturb- ances occurring in Bogota on Sundays is alarming. Instead of holidays that are welcomed and enjoyed, as in for- mer times, they actuall: BecorHing days thal and disasters that so often mark them. DR g ¢ Paint of Car More VIEILO Than Human Life. Irish Independent, Dublin.—James Fitzpatrick, 8 Chelmsford road, Rane- complained that a motor ;hnt l:,e co}xléih nt:t x'everz:e1 d“becnum the ranches of the trees would damage the back of the car!” e *E A New Zealand Immigrants Not @eiminals. Evening Post, Wellington.—A state- ment has been . published im Christe church, purporting to come from well informed sources, that “quite a I :z‘alpor;;c: ‘:r New Zealand's criminas e e to country as assisted immigrants. The. home police are fl.d to get rid of them,” the informant reported to have said, £'so they come to us unheralded, and we have to stand e Bl e commissioner’s office London denies emphatically, howevt‘:, that a large proportion of the crims inals in New Zealand are immigrants from England, isted to their new habitat by the govérnment. The offi= clals point out that the utmost pres cautions have been observed in the selection of immigrants, in order to insure that the best type was sent to New Zealand, which had a reputation for setting a higher standard in the | selection of its immigrants than any other part of the empire, { - ] Urges Art Travels : So All Might See From the Chicago Daily News. { In presenting a valuable collection of early American art to Yale University Francis P. Garvan and his wife lately expressed the wish that artistic treas- ures possessed row or at any fut: ure time by American universities or an institutes might be taken from city to city, educational institution to educa- tional institute, and thus brought within Teach of millions who too seldom see meritorious works of the sort. Plctures and other objects of art, ag- cording to Mr. Garvan, are dead and buried when they remain shut in for years, never leaving the museum that js 50 fortunate as to own them. What ?u lic and semi-public libraries are do- ing for books and musical literature, according to Mr. Garvan's view, art in- stitutes and museums should do on a ;’:fi::t’;x’;‘;‘cand.nd ]extgnsh'e scale for sculpture, cut gems, chij nn’;i_h oeu;er objects g; art. . i loan collection is a familiar anfl established feature of the Summer sea- son, when private collectors are away from home. But it is well known that many treasures never leave the gal- :Ie‘mx Ihlk‘h the‘y"nldorn, and even thel vners glance at them only occasionally. ‘Why should great art be dead? ,. Garvan asks the question. Beauty a wonderfully refining influence, and is a mistake to imagine that onl superior few appreciate beauty. many simply do not have sufficient op- portunities to view noble and elevating works of art. It costs money to put art on wheels. Insurance, transportation and expe: handling of delicate and costly. obj are expensive.. Bui endowments other gifts for stich purposes would forthcoming, Mr. Garvan thinks, appeal were made in the right d cratie H,;‘;‘my rate, has ins| example advocal ously and underwrif what calls “universality in art.” e Just One Triat. From the Columbus Ohio State Journal Wouldn't this be a wonderful world if the taste of roasting ears gered with one as lony onions? Seasonal Munfieu, E From the South Bend Tribunte. 3 and others are ornery