Evening Star Newspaper, October 7, 1929, Page 5

= FAILURE OF SOVIET 1S BARED IN TRIALS French Radical Describes Disillusionment Following Dombatz Hearings. BY PAUL MARION. Test of National Scope to Start Friday at Johns | Hopkins University. Dedication of Francis P. Gar- van Chair to Feature Ceremony. | This is the second of a series of seven daily articles in which Paul Marion, for eight years an outstand- ing figure in the French Communist Party and chief of the political agi- tation and propaganda section, tells of his disillusionment after 15 ‘months in_Soviet Russia. What he found in Russia led him to resign from his party. In these articles he describes what he found. PARIS, October 7 (N.AN.A).—In May and June, 1928, 40 technical officials of the Dombatz Works were tried before the Supreme Court at Moscow. The Dombatz or Donetz region lies in the southeastern -part of European Russia. The O. G. P. U. (political police) charged that they had discov- ered a huge economic conspiracy car- ried on by the accused and by the former proprietors of the works, who had now emigrated abroad. The whole case for a long time had been discussed by the Soviet press, and was intended to prove in a sensational manner that the difficulties in Soviet productivity were ernclpnlly due to the “sabotage” of the small bourgeois. FEconomie System on Trial. T had been asked to attend the trial, and to send a few articles about it to France. But I quickly saw that it was impossible to maintain the official argument of the case, because the trial seemed to me to be much less the trial of the people in the dock than of the whole economic and political system of the U. S. S. R. Prom the very beginning the lookers- on, at all events, felt uncomfortable. ‘The first of the accused to be examined was Beresovsky, an engineer, and his evidence was highly disturbing. Beresovsky was a former pupil of the St. Petersburg Academy of Mines. His language, in trying to explain his posi- tion and the position of those he called his accomplices, was so classically Marx- ian (for instance, he talked of “we small bourgeois constantly slipping up between capital and labor”) and he gave so will- ingly every detail required by the Gov- ernment prosecutor on the conspiracy and on the “psychology of technicians trained in a capitalist school.” that one realiy thought he was reciting a lesson learned by heart. The O. G. P. U. trade mark stuck out elearly over all his evidence, and nobody was astonished later to see him escape the death sentence, which, according to the prosecutor, he had deserved a hun- dred times over. Many Disgraceful Incidents. Purthermore, the impression that the ronspiracy was engineered by the police with a view to a certain political result grew in the course of the trial, which | was full of disgraceful incidents. The fact. however, that the Bolshevists were obliged to justify their economic failures to hand over the “responsibie people” to popular justice was only a smali part of the lesson learned from this trial. Seen from the angle of the technical assistance of the Soviet and particularly from the angle of the plucky evidence of some of the accused, this is how I sum- med up the position of the Russian en- gineers: ‘The technical people were working with feelings of disgust in the Soviet factories. They could make no show of initiative because they felt themselves checked and spied upon by a crowd of hureaucrats and inefficient Red direc- tors. They were and are under suspicion by the workmen, who are stirred up be- | hind them. in order to draw away the | dissatisfaction of labor from the Soviet regime, which is really responsible for all the evils under which they suffer. It the technical staffs are hostile to | Communism it is because several years of experience have taught them that this system absolutely blocks all develop- ment in production and creates an un- hearable frame of mind. In Moscow feeling ran very high| about the trial among engineers and | Ppublic servants, and in spite of the habit | of holding one’s tongue that one ac- quires in Russia people did not hesitate o discuss the proceedings. I then jearned the real condition of Russian production in spite of the optimism o!; official statistics and forecasts. “Our industry is a tiny island lost #n a huge peasant sea. It is directed by & beaureaucracy smothered in red tape and costing more than it earns. This bureaucracy lives at the expense of the peasants, from whom it draws yevenue in two ways: First, by agri- cultural taxes and, secondly, by specu- lating on the prices that the govern- ment arbitrarily fixes at a very high level where industrial goods are con- cerned and at a very low level where | agricultural produce has to be sold. “Army of Soviet Parasites.” “In this way the state always can in- crease the number of factories and show a profit and it can maintain an army of Soviet parasites. This, however, does ot mean that our system of production i not, terribly unprofitable and much below the capitalist system as regards output. Moreover, every attempt at further development as planned by the celebrated economic scheme of five vears ago will run its head against the apposition of the peasants, who are fall- ing back more and more upon them- gelves and are having as little as possi- ble to do with the towns.” This was the substance of what I was told by men who, some of them, held important positions in industry or In state administrations. All my per- ssal experiences agreed. For instance. 1 remember old locksmith who had become the “Red” manager of the Moscow slaughter houses and who con- fessed he knew nothing about his new 1% hiad seen a_demobilized officer taken on at the Pravda printing works simply to give political lectures to 20 or 30 apprentices employed there. At my hotel, whereas in France 4 servants | would have been enough, there were 19 | pervants and other employes. i $600,000,000 Embezzled. 3 I had been told by American and| German engineers that the erection of new works in Russia cost four times as much as abroad, and that every under~ taking gave rise to so much waste and corruption that Preobrajensky. former favorite of Lenin, who, when I was in Russia. was in_opposition, Tecko ed that between 1923 and 1928 $600,0¢ 000 had been embezzled, counting only the cases of embezzlement heard in the courts. This did not take into ac- count money stolen “more diccreetly, ms it was put to me, or which had formed the subject of secret trials un- der the O. G. P. U. Often when I was going along ‘he streets in Moscow and as I passed a new building, either completed or under construction, a friend of mine would say, “You know the people who built that place are in prison, and perhaps they are going to be shot. Was it sab- otage? Was it embezzlement? 1 don't know.” “All Russia is made after the image | of the Dombatz mines.” This was almost a formula one heard st the end of every conversation on this subject. When witnesses of the laboring class gave their evidence be- fore the Supreme Court at the trial, I #aw another and not less tragic aspect of Soviet Russia. 1 had before me, ac- rding to the official wording, the rep- c:umnnves'o( the dominant class of the U. 8. S. R. Well, these Dombatz miners had the lamentable look of the underdog. and they muttered their : nationdl scope, the schoolin BALTIMORE, October 7 (P).—An, unprecedented five-year experiment of of nine mbassadors of prcgress in chemistry,” will begin officially Friday at Johns Hopkins University. To the nine, first of a group of 19 to be selected for scholarship, personality and enthusiastic curlosity for the mys- teries of chemistry, four years of train- ing will be given to equip them as lead- ers in chemical progress. Receive $1,000 a Year. The fellowships were given by 11 in- dustrial concerns, two foundations and three individuals. Each appointee will receive $1,000 a year throughout the training period and will be free at the end to enter upon a teaching or indus- trial career. Friday's event will be marked by the dedication of the Francis P. Carvan chair of chemical education, established to provide for the new fellowship proj- ect. which ultimately may reach every State in the Union. Invited leaders in the rapidly expand- ing fleld of chemistry and the donors will confer with the university author- ities, who are to guide lhe training of the students. Strictly speaking. the conference will be held on the subject of the selection and training of the superior chemistry student: in a deeper sense, the leaders in the experiment and their charges will be putting the final touches to the groundwork of the four-year program. Garvan to Speak. Dr. Joseph S. Ames, president of Johns Hopkins, will open the morning program with the dedication of the Gar- van chair. Response will be made by | Francis P. Garvan. president of the Chemical Foundation in New York, and founder of the chair. ‘The chair of chemical education, oc- cupied by Dr. Neil E. Gordon, is but one of the many contributions to the ad-| vancement of chemistry for which Mr. Garvan has recently been awarded the American Institute of Chemists Medal and the Priestley Medal of the Ameri- can Chemical Society. The nine selected students are: Wil- | lard E. Bleick, Stevens Institute of Technology; Robert W. Cairns, Oberlin College; Michael S. Ebert, Lehigh Uni- versity; Theodore E. Fields, Bates Col- lege; Kenneth E. Glidden, University of New Hampshire; Maurice E. Krahl, De Pauw University; John R. Ruhoff, Uni- versity of Wisconsin; Robert D. Stieh- ler. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. and Paul Porter Sutton, Johns Hopkins University. CITY NEWS IN BRIEF. TODAY. Meeting of the Cathedral Heights- Celeveland Park Citizens’ Association will be held tonight at 8 o'clock in St. | out to the meeting. Reading from her | unit, | profession offers to women and girl Alban’s parish hall. Important busi- ness. | Sixteenth Street Highlands cmuns'; Association meets tonight at 8 o'clock at the Sixth Presbyterian Church, Six- | teenth and Kennedy streets. Election of officers. | Admiral George Dewey Naval Auxil- | iary, United Spanish War Veterans, will | meet_at the Northeast Masonic Tem- | ple, Eighth and F streets northeast, 8 | o'clock. Washington Hjghlands Citizens’ As- | sociation will nominate officers at their meeting tonight in the Congress Heights School Building. ! et | Gen. Henry W. Lawton Camp, No. 4. United Spanish War Veterans, monthly meeting, 8 o’clock, Pythian Temple. | FUTURE. Columbia Heights Business Men's As- | sociation will meet tomorrow at 8:30 p‘.;:n'd. in the Betty Anne Inn, 1419 Park | Business Women's Council meets to- morrow evening at the Church of the Covenant. Rev. Cyrus Johnson of Mount Rainler, Md., will talk on “God's Time Pieces.” Civitan luncheon tomorrow at 12:30, the gold room of the Lafayette Hotel. Loyal Knights of the Round Table will meet at the University Club tomor- row at 12:30 for luncheon. Dr. Clark J. Hollister of Harrisburg, Pa., will speak. Brief reports from the Swampscott | convention will be heard at the meet-| ing of the American Institute of Elec-| trical Engineers tomorrow evening, 8 o'clock, at the Cosmos Club. Nature section of the Twentieth Cen- tury Club will have an outing Wednes- day, the group meeting at 9:50 in the morning at the Mount Vernon station, ‘Twelth and Pennsylvania avenue, for a trip to Areturus, Va. Northeast Boundary Citizens' Associ ation meets tomorrow evening, 8:30, the Burrville School. Mrs. R. S. Nether- Iands, new principal, will be presented to the assoclation. ‘The Society for Phllosofhlcll Inquiry will meet at the National Museum to- morrow afternoon, 4:45 o'clock (Roora 43, new building). Mechanism and teleology will be discussed by Prof. Ed- ward E. Richardson. Prof. Paul D. Kelleher of the Farm Commission will be the guest speaker at the Syracuse University alumni Inncheon meeting tomorrow, 12:30 o'clock, at the Women's City Club. Home board of Bethany Chapter, O. E. S., will give a card party at the home of Mrs. Amy Alf, 5911 Fourth. street, from 2 to 4 o'clock Wednesday after- noon. Meeting of American University Park Citizens’ Association wiil be held in Hurst Hall, American University | grounds, Wednesday night, 8 o'clock. Election of officers and award of gar- | dei. contest prizes. H Minstrel show and dance will be given by Miriam Chapter, No. 23, O. E. 8., ‘Tuesday evening at 8 o'clock at the Jewish Community Center. The Amer- ican Legion Minstrel Troupe will be featured. Council of Jewish Women will hold its first meeting of the year at the Eighth Street Temple (Eighth between H and I) at 2:15 o'clock tomorrow after- noon. ' evidence of this sort: “Kolodoub, the toreman, was a wicked man. Every morning he stood at the mouth of the pit and beat with his stick those of us who were late.” “But_did you not complain?” asked the visibly embarrassed president of the court. “Oh, yes,” they sald. e complained o the Soviet, to the trades union and to the party, but, as usual, we never got any reply.” What, then, was this Russian work- ing class, which held in its hand the so-called political power of the coun- try? What did it think of “its” state and of the Communist party? I was eager to have a reply to all these ques- ||.Innl: but, in spite of what I had al-|%¢ ceady seen, I scarcely expected ;ulu my inquiry was to produce. broken evidence before “their” tribunal. Moreover, although they worked in of which one was ¢ mi lic- tatmmp of the proletariat,” they gave | invocation at the first general meeting. ; .t.he Te- | (Next—The life and frame of mind Soviet workers.) (Copyright, 1929. by m«‘r:“gmw lf'l‘- THY, EVENING STARK. WASHINGTON. D. C. MOXNDAY, OCTOBER 7, 1929. 9 CHEMISTRY PROGRESS ENVOYS | TO BEGIN 5-YEAR EXPERIMENT | FRANCIS P. FEMININE DENTISTS OPEN CONVENTION Delegates Told of Pioneer! Woman Practitioner Who Was Denied License. ‘The Association of American Women | Dentists launching its sessions today at the Carlton Hotel was told how the first feminine member of their profession, Brykett Dawson, who hung out her shingle in London in 1557, was required to withdraw from practice by author- ities of the English government because they believed no woman could qualify as a competent dentist. This pioneer was the first woman to | see the advantage of a field since enter- | ed by thousands of feminine dentists, Dr. Vida Latham of Chicago pointed GARVAN. paper on “Pioneer Women in Dentistry.” Dr. Latham contrasted this beginning with the present status of women in the ! profession. 2,000 Woman Dentists in Practice. There are 2,000 woman dentists in | the United States alone, she said, many of whom are specializing to particular advantage in diseases of the gums, pre- ventive work and children’s work. Dr. Haldee Weeks, president of the association, pointed out at the meeting today that the feminine organization is only a “get together” group within the American Dental Association, and should not be considered a separate The object of the women's group, she said, is to urge other woman dentists to | affiliate with the natiol association and to demonstrate the advantages the Dr. Weeks declared that dentistry is fleld rich in opportunity for women. The speaker deplored the fact that | only 200 out of the 2.000 woman dentists | have joined the association, and out- lined ‘some of the advantages mem- bership held out to professional men | and women, Home Not Necessarily Neglected. In the general discussion, it was pointed out that women can be suc- cessful mothers and homemakers and ! at the same time make a mark in a | professional field. Severakinstances were cited of woman dentists who are not only married, but have several children | whose bringing up they personally su- | pervise. There are_approximately nine woman | dentis § in Washingtcn, Several of the | s pointed out that much of the | prejuc jee which existed in bygone years | sgaing woman dentists had been over- | come hnd that whereas 20 or 25 years | ago clients would leave the office when they discovered the dentist was a woman, now frequently they recelve | patients because of the fact that they | are women. An informal tea will be held at 4 o'clock this afternoon, followed by a | panquet at 7:30 at the Carlton Hotel, | OPEN CONVENTION Miss A. Debekah Fisk Welcomes Delegates on Behalf of D. C. Association. Sixty-six delegates, hailing from all| parts of the United States and the Hawaiian Islands, arrived at the Pow- hatan Hotel this morning for the sixth annual meeting of the American Dental | Hyglenists' Association, which opened | this afternoon at 2 o'clock for a four- | day session. | Chaplain Alfred C. Oliver, U. 8. A, of | Walter Reed Hospital, pronounced the He was followed by Dr. George H. Dan- | del, supervisor, Bureau of Dental Health Education, American Dental Assoclation, who delivered an address of welcome on behalf of his association. Miss A. Re- bekah Fisk of Washington welcomed the dental hygienists in the name of the District of Columbia association. Mrs. M. Elta Le Blanc of Boston, Mass., re- sponded Mrs. Charlotte Klatt Sullivan of Phil- adelphia. president of the American | Dental Hyglenists' Association, was ex- pected to conclude the afternoon ses- sion with her annual address. Preliminary meetings included the first meeting of the board of trustees and the initial meeting of the house of delegates, which followed. A banquet will be held in the palm court of the Mayflower Hote] Wednes- day night. . DENTAL ASSISTANTS BEGIN REQISTRATION | Convention to Open Tomorrow at Time Three Other Groups Meet. Delegates to the fifth annual meeting of the American Dental Assistants’ Ax-] sociation registered this afternoon at 2 o'clock at the Hamilton Hotel, where they will have headquarters for their sessions, which are being held coinci- dent with the meetings of the American Dental Assotiation, the American Wom- en’s Dental Association and the Ameri- can Dental Hygienists’ Association. ‘Tomorrow morning the Dental Assist- ants will open their three-day session with addresses of welcome by promi- nent members of the dental professi.n. Among the special sessions featured on the program will be a conference lunche’:n. dlhmflcthbruuura« n:d b: class in parliamentary procedure to conducted by Juliette A. Southard, president of the organization. Tribute Is Paid to Wrangel. { ciation. | their products by furnishing the socie- | product to the general public by this {check to an extent at least the un- | fessional and ethical principles that it METHODS TOPIC AT DENTAL SESSION “Unfortunate Commercial- ism” Called to Attention of Association. An “unfortunate commercialism” that i* being thrust into the dental profes- sion by “keen business men” was form- ally called to the attention of the Amer- ican Dental Association today at the opening meeting of its seventy-first an- nual session in the Mayflower Hotei. The association’s judicial council ad- vised the organization's house of dele- gates that in its opinion “several large | and outstanding dental societies hlve’ indirectly violated or were tempted to violate” the spirit of its code of ethics declaring against the giving of testi- i manufacturers were represented in the | monials concerning the supposed virtue of dental preparations foisted on the public. In bringing the matter to the atten- tion of the association's governing body, the judicial council cited an interested exchange of correspondence between its chairman and Dr. Frank A. Delabarre of Boston and a supplementary opinion of a Boston attorney that dentists in- dividually might be held financially llable for testimonials. Dental Pastes and Creams. ‘The Oral Hygiene Council of Massa- chusetts, taking cognizance that “tooth pastes and dental creams” offered for =af: to the American public are often advertised in such a way as to mislead, proposed that the council stand ready to indorse “any preparation known to be harmiess, effective and well adapted for general use.” Resolutions were adopted setting forth its purpcse, and were sub- mitted to an attorney with questions as to the legal aspect and danger of an oral hygiene council, dental soclety or | an individual making such indorsement. | ‘The judicial council told the I&Mfi{ ciation's governing body today that the | action contemplated by the Massachu- ! setts society had been described by the | attorney as being “packed with dyna- mite.” Specifying several actions at law that | might be instituted by persons dissat fied with the product indorsed, the a torney pointed out that i the society ! was not incorporated. as most of them | re not, action could be brought against the members individually. “I understand,” he wrote in this]‘ connection, “that an indorsement by a | single practicing dentist is worth $10,000 to certain tooth past manu- facturers. 1If, therefore, a considerable group of influential dentists indorse a product the effect on competing manu- facterers would be very great and their financial loss*s would run very high.” | Another Aspect Told. Still another aspect of commercialism was brought to attention of the asso- The chairman of the judicial council, Dr. G. Walter Dittmar of Chi- cago, reported that Dr. Delabarre had directed the council’s attention to the fact that some of the outstanding den- tal societies were permitting manufac- turers of denal products to advertise ties with “something” essential to the success of their meetings. ‘This exchange of courtesy. by which the manufacturer subtly obtains what can be construed as an indorsement of his product, was described by Dr. Delabarre. The manufacturer fur- nished the dental soclety with an orchestra at its social functions and to reciprocate the soclety advertises the fact in the announcements of its meet~ ings and its offcial program. The manufacturer promises also to advertise the fact and incidentally the meeting in its advertisements. ‘The questions raised by Dr. Delabarre were whether the arrangement is ethi- cal and whether the society is not indirectly indorsing the manufacturer's cordial linking of names. In reply, Dr. Dittmar, who wrote the assoclation’s revised code, sald that while he did not have in mind the ethical controling of dental socleties, he could see, in view of the trend, a “need for reasonable professional control to fortunate commercialism that is being thrust into our professional programs by keen business men.” Would Avold Hampering. “In my opinion,” he said, “it is the scheme in_the organization of the American Dental Association to permit its ‘constituent socleties’ considerable Iatitude and not hamper them locally, yet there are certain fundamental pro- is proper should be observed by all. “No doubt, societies can do certain things and not be criticized that an in- dividual could not possibly ‘get by with,” yet some societies have gone beyond reasonable limit in this respect.” Dr. Dittmar questioned the authorig of the American Dental Association v consider charges brought against a so- clety, but he spoke for the judicialt council individually in declaring agaifs the practices discussed, and expressed the opinion that the organization’s code of ethics should apply to the constit- uent and local societies, as well as to :hz individual members of the associa- fon. Futhermore, the council recommend. ed to the house of delegates that s tion two of its code of ethics be amend- ed to declare it unethical for dentists “or dental societies” to give out testi- monlals, “directly or indirectly” con- cerning “the supposed virtue of secret or proprietary preparations, such as remedies, vaccines, mouth washes, denti- frices, or other articles or materials foisted on the public claiming radical cure or prevention of disease by their use.” Reports of officers were read to the house of delegates when the body con- vened at 10 o'clock. Dr. Perry R. Howe of_Boston presided and delive: the Enclose our PORCH We have all the necessary ma. .erial. including window frames. windows. Celotex, BSheetrock. paint and hardware Small Orders Given Ca | No Delivery C| Inc. president’s report, the dominant mote of which was o i “As a profession,” he said, “we 'are acientifically minded. We have broad- ened our educational status, we have entered allied fields which have to do with general health, we have come to recognize that real prevention is a mat- ter of early childhood. “In every division of our profession we have rapidly advanced from a craft to_a sclence.” Dr. Harry B. Pinney of Chirago, sec- retary, and Dr. R. H. Volland of lIowa City, treasurer, also reported the association. Delegates Entertained. Officers and delegates were guests of the District of Columbia Dental Soctety in the Chinese room of the Mayflower at 12:30 o'clock, Dr. Sterling V. Mead, president of the society presided. Dr. {william Gerry Morgan, pmlflenb-e!eci of the American Medical Association, and Dr. William A. White, superintend- ent of 8t. Elizabeth’s Hospital, spoke. ‘The mesting was broadcast by WRC. The ladies’ auxiliary of the society en- tertained in honor of the visiting rmm at Juncheon in the ballroom of the hotel at 1 o'clock. Dental health and scientific exhibits and commercial exhibits, all housed in the Washington Auditorium, which various clinics will -be conducted during the meeting, were open to delegates a visitors during the day. More than 150 dl!l’:ly of dental supplies and equip- ment. Motion pictures descriptive of numerous phases of proper care of the teeth were shown in the auditorium between 10 and 12 o'clock this morning under supervision of J. B. Faris of Washing- ton. A second program of the descrip- iive pictures was to be shown this after- noon between 2 and 5 o'clock. number of dentists and their wives here for the annual meeting is to be an event of this evening. Beginning at 9 o'clock informal dancing will be enjoyed in the ballroom of the Mayflower Hotel. RADIO “INVENTOR” HELD. | Electrician Jailed for Alabama on | Check and Auto Charge. MOBILE, Ala., October 7 (#).—W. A. Maxwell, an electrician wanted here on charges of issuing a worthless check and embezzlement of an automobile, was under arrest today at Vincennes. Ind., according to a wire from the | sheriff at the latter place. Maxwell claimed several months ago to have been paid $300.000 by a radio | concern for a static reducer. proved to be untrue. The story The first “get together” of the mll‘ POISON.... v your moury .DOWN YOUR THROA At mouth temperature 98.% FOOD DECAYS FOOD FILM coats 80 aquare inches inside your mouth after eating. At hot mouth temperature 98.6% poisonous decay germs breed in food film and your mouth be- comes tainted. Don’t be fooled by the sweet after-taste of foods. Poisonous food decay starts quickly in food film. Not only is this a threat to your health but the odor is bound to repel others. The United States Government tested and passed LA LASINE as an antiseptic because It Kills Germs. 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