Evening Star Newspaper, June 18, 1929, Page 8

THE EVENING ST AR, WASHINGTON, D. C, TUESDAY, JUNE 18, 1929. THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. TUESDAY.........June 18, 1929 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Sl‘tr Newspaper Company ing ce: - 1 nsylvania Ave. New York Office: 110 East 42nd St. ‘hicago Office: Lake Michigan Building. uropean Ofice; 14 Regent St., London. England. Rate by Carrier Within the City. The Evening Star.............45c pernonth and Sunday Star vs) .. 60c per month 65¢ per month 5c per copv ach month, tar ade at’the end of « St Collection m: Orders may be sent in by mail or telephone Main 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. irginta, Daily and Sunda; $10.00: 1 mo., 88c Daily only $6.00: 1 mo., 50c Sunday only $400; 1 mo.. 40c All Other States and Canada. Daily and Sunday..l yr.$1200; 1 m Daily only .. Ir., §8.00; 1 Sunday only . $5.005 1 mo., 75¢ mo., 60c Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all 1 ews dis- atches credited to it or not otherwise cred- ted in this paper and also the local rews published herein. ‘All rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. et The Congressional Recess. ‘Tomorrow, barring unforeseen elev- enth-hour complications, Congress will recess for tWwo months—until August 18—and perhaps longer. The Senate's vote of 39 to 38 against confinement of tariff revision to agriculture and co- related schedules is the last purely legislative act of the special session convened by President Hoover on April 16. The session has accomplished a full half of its purpose. It has enacted farm relief and paved the way for tariff revision. The House went the whole hog on the tariff by passing the Hawley bill with its extensive increases in rates, regardless of Mr, Hoover's expressed wish for changes confined to agricul- ture and g “limited” number of indus- trial products. ‘The Senate’s rejection of Mr. Borah's resolution to restrict tariff legislation along Hoover lines is another of the rebuffs which the Upper House has delighted in administering to the Presi- dent during the past two hectic months M;the result of which China obtained Czarist days, to march across China. Soviet Russia is already the master of Mongolia. It notoriously covets Man- churia. Between such an aspiration and its realization there are, of course, many bridges to cross. Not only is there the new China to reckon with, but there is Japan, lord of all creation in South Manchuria, and traditionally suspicious of Russia’s intentic in the North. Even before the?:‘:lmmnsu achieved power, China succeeded in recovering from Russia joint control of the Chinese Eastern Railway. But the Bolshevists have never ceased to maneuver among the Radical wing of the Kuomintang for the purpose of widening Russian infiu- ence in China. The Nationalist authori~ ties are alive to this peril. The current crisis was precipitated by a mysterious raid on the Russian consulate at Muk- den, Manchuria. The Chinese authori- tles insist it was made without their | knowledge or direction, yet it recalls an | almost identical affair in old Peking as | highly incriminating evidence of Com- munist intrigue against her. Aggravat- ing the Russian situation is the belief that Marshal Feng would not shrink from accepting Soviet support against Chiang Kal-Shek. China’s woes seem endless. Famine stalks through the land in many prov- inces. Civil war smolders. Now Rus- sia threatens. Americans hope the sun may yet break throurh the sorely troubled young republic's clouds and remain shining. The Higher Fare Question. By making the Washington Railway & Electric Co. and the Alexandria, Mount Vernon & Washington Railway Co. parties to the Capital Traction's ap- plication for an increased fare, the Public Utilities Commission has taken the short cut to the heart of Washing- with the goods on them. The fines for which their relentless Uncle Sam mulets them serve two purposes: They increase Mr. Mellon's surplus and they remind our globe-trotting fraternity that the customs laws are no respecters of even plutocratic persons. In that direction lies a healthier re- spect for all laws. prEv e Comparative Perils, Despite the great strides made during the past two years in making the Amer- ican people feel at home in the air, there is little doubt that the average “man in the street” still is somewhat timid over the prospect of air travel. The Department of Commerce has just made public interesting statistics showing that man has now reached the point in his development of air naviga- tion where it is only seventy-five times as dangerous to operate a plane for a given number of miles as an automo- bile for a trip of the same length. The gist of the statistics is that dur- ing 1928 one life was lost for every 170,- 960 miles flown in tke air in the United States, whereas one life is sacrificed for every 6,001,219 automobile miles. ‘These final comparisons result after all factors have been taken into con- sideration, such as that 55 per cent of those killed in motor accidents are pedestrians. In the air every accident must be with planes, since there are as vet no “alr pedestrians2 That may come in the future, but 8 the present air accidents occur mostly plane by plane, with now and then a fatality oc- curring when two planes crash together. ir travel is more and more coming to be an accepted thing, so that the ratio instanced probably will deter few persons who feel the lure of the air. Hazard occurs in all branches of travel. No automobilist, however careful, can be sure when he sets out on a trip that ton's involved street railway problem. It will now not only consider the merits of the Capital Traction’s claim, but will of necessity look into the condition of these other lines and hear what claims they may be forced to put forward to back their involuntary requests for greater revenue. If the Capital Trac- tion Co. succeeds in proving that it is receiving an insufficient return on in- vestment, while the condition of the other two lines fails to justify them in on Capitol Hill. Having now taken the lid off tariff revision by the fragile margin of & single vote, it is well within the realm of possibility that a Senate bill running as counter to White House wishes as the House bill may be overridden when it reaches the Senate floor from the finance commit- tee. ‘The Borah resolution was supported by that Democratic-Republican insur- gent bloc which twice commanded a Benate majority on the late lamented farm debenture plan, It is therefore plain as a pikestaff that the tariff turmoil in the Senate did not end with yesterday’s roll-call. - On the contrary, the restrictionists have only begun to fight. The change of a single vote, on & floor showdown, would completely alter the face of things in their favor. To that arena, later on, the battle is Only 12 Republicans and 11 Democrats voted to keep Congress on the job through the sweltering weeks ahead of us. The country will approve the de- cision to give our hard-working na- legislators a Summer vacation. wve earned it, Many nerves frazzled by events since mid- Representatives and Senators renewed contact with the home. What they hear from tical creators may mnot be their liking, but they least return to Washington far more ‘“constituent conscious.” g Hi 4 :§§§ gress on his hands with a vengeance. By and large, he has fared well with it. Enactment of farm relief, on the ad- ministration’s lines, within two months of its proposal is no mean achievement in 8 body as heterogeneous and bloc- ridden as the Seventy-first Congress is. In particular, President, House and Senate will resume their respective ac- tivities in better shape to tackle the tariff problem. Public opinion is widely divided on it. Mr. Hoover contemplates no swing around the circle, after the pattern of distinguished predecessors under somewhat similar circumstances. Such exhausting missionary campaigns, in these days of national radio forums, are no longer necessary, If the Presi- dent should decide to broadcast an appeal to the Nation to support his view that unlimited tariff revision is wholly unjustified, with respect to either our domestic or our international rela- tions, Mr. Hoover might win the gay on the tariff just as he did on farm velief. The Btar wishes Congress a joyous Bummer. If between their fishing, their touring, their hunting and their camp- ing, statesmen take counsel with their constituents on burning issues of the day, including their attitude toward Hoover policies, the recess will do the Republic & world of good. ‘The people are seldom wrong. —————————— Charles Dawes likes a pipe, evem on formal occasions. There is no fear that MacDonald will introduce the effete cigarette as an incident in diplomatic conference. The Unchanging Bear. Ominous word comes from the Bi- berian-Chinese border. Vladivostok is reported to be filled with Russian Soviet troops massing for operations against Manchuria. From Shanghai—a source of news which habitually requires inde- pendent confirmation—corzes the state- mept thet the Moscow government is preparing to send 25,000 men “to guard the Chinese Eastern Railway.” The guarding of rallways in Manchuria has long been the pretext for more or less prolonged military occupation by for- eign powers, notably Japan. There is a distinctly menacing ring to the sugge: tion that the Russians are about to re- sort to that ancient ruse of infringing Chinese sovereignty. The new National regime at Peiping or Nanking, wherever the seat of gov- ernment actually is pitched, thus is menaced by external complications at the very moment it is awaiting the out- break of a clash between President seeking higher fare, does the way out of the dilemma lie only in asking the public to pay for more than the Capi- tal Traction demands, not only to boost its own returns but to safeguard it against competition? Public regulatory control of public utilities naturally carries with it the responsibility of safeguarding the utilities against the results of discriminatory competition. In other words, the Cap- ital Traction Co. could not be made to accept a fare increase that did not apply to competing lines. But as the OCapital Traction Co. conditions its acceptance of a higher fare on a like increase applying to the other lines, is it not possible that the unjustness of adding revenue to the companies that do not need it will out- weigh the possible just: of giving additional revenue to a cOmpany that may need it? ‘The Capital Traction Co. ex- plains its application now on the in- creasing number of automobiles, plus failure of the merger agreement, which would have brought about economies in operation. In connection with the in- crease in automobiles, Accountant Bach- man of the Public Utllities Commission is studying the figures in preparation for the hearings on the fare applica- tion July 22. They tell a persuasive story as regards the increase in the number of automobiles. But in this connection it is shown that each of the fare increases since 1917 has been fol- lowed by a fifteen per cent reduction in revenue passengers. It is only log- ical to believe that another fare in- crease, plus the greater number of automobiles now avallable, would be followed by the loss of an ever larger percentage of reyenue passengers, and that such loss might go far to offset any gains in revenue from a higher fare. —_————— A stowaway on an airship slows down the speed and is a general nuisance. If the trip is a success in spite of him, he is prompt to pose for notoriety. An airship stowaway is a typical “bad actor.” ——— Boardwalk shooting galleries might be called into requisition by the au- thorities for the promotion of more dis- criminating and accurdte “dry” alm. The Smuggling Season. Public attention, because of the in- cidental gunplay, is concentrated on bootlegging across the borders. But it is not the only form of smuggling now rempant. Within the past few weeks there has been a remarkable series of detentions, at the port of New York, of persons caught in the act of bringing in not wet, but dry, goods in violation of the customs laws. In nearly every case the offenders were women. Some of them have paid fines running into tens of thousands of dollars as penalties for “failure to de- clare” dutiable articles. The smugglers in question are persons of standing and of conspicuously large means. Yester- day the wife of & multi-millionaire au- tomobile manufacturer was fined $3,762 for her lapse of memory in connection with a cargo of French gowns which she had forgotten to enumerate on her declaration aboard ship. ‘When President Hoover decided to appoint his National Law Enforcement Commission he specified that flouting of the statutes was by no means con- fined to prohibition. He mentioned half & dozen other categories of non- observance of the law, including smug- gling. Current events in New York Harbor are justifying Mr. Hoover’s con- he will not meet some drunken driver who will cause him to do all sorts of perilous dodging. So far the air seems to be free of the intoxicated person, and in this respect it is safer than earthly travel. All in all, the larger death peril in the air is only what every one expects, and its rate is really remarkably low, in view of the newness of wings for man. — e ‘The Republican elephant is still pro- ceeding with confident expectation of dominating the political circus parade, while the Democratic donkey con- tributes an interesting kick. R Regulating interest rates cannot stop gamblers. The gambler's imagination looks to profits that make any restraint in securing funds appear an insig- nificant incident, It remains to be seen whether Lind- bergh can remain picturesque as he ad- Justs himself to a bolled egg for break- fast and a roll-top desk for an efficient working day. ————————— As an advocate of prohibition, Mrs. ‘Willebrandt should be valuable in avia- tion. Under no circumstances should a flying man be permitted to take a drink. ——————— It is apparently a relief for Mr. Cool- idge to forget documents of state while he gets his personal manuscript to- gether and rings for the copy boy. New York is represented as a town of graft. And yet it has managed to hang on to its litile old nickel car fare. ——————— Turning the farmer over to the tariff puts his troubles pretty much back to Every one who attended the annual exhibition of the American Horticul- tural Society found something to his liking. We mean to his particular liking, for all flower shows are interesting, with thelr masses of blossoms, their atmos- phere of quiet competition. | It is the peculiar appeal which some one variety exerts, we believe, which constitutes the great drawing card. No one atiends such an exhibition | without findine something new to strike his fancy, some flower which he never sa vowing to plant in the future. ‘There were two things which attract- ed us in particular—the first a speci- men of Armeria, or Bee's Ruby, and the second Heucheria, variety Sanguinea splendens. Amid the splendor of the great peo- nies these little flowers would have been lost unless one has been looking espe- cially for such noveltie Every flower which i a “novelty” in one sense. It need not be a rarily in the true sense, but only a rarity to the individual spectator. A man who, through some quirk of fortune, had never scen a gladiolus might find a fine variety the greatest novelty in the world—to him. There are certain sections of this country where some of the more so- phisticated varieties of roses, for in- ance, are rarities. A person from such a place presumably might find a single blossom of Red, Radiance a true novelty. * k X X _Our first turn around the halls was given over to looking for new things, always a pleasing occupation, but espe- cially so at a flower show, where there is always something one has not seen before. new to one is hing we found new (to us) neria, or Bee's Ruby, sweet scented, composed of red tufts of a color very close to magenta, only darker, There has been much to-do in the garden world about magenta, but as for us we like it. It is a sort of funda- mental shade which does not “clash” half as much as many garden writers have tried to make out. Bee's Ruby proved it. Here is a member of the Statice fam- ily which would help beautify any gar- den. Perhaps it would not be advis- able to place it near a clear pink, such as the Radiance rose, or any one of the soft, pink gladiolus varieties, Outside of this little precaution, how- ever, Armeria would fit in any place. As a cut flower for the living room it is peculiarly appropriate. ‘The dictionary, with the usual lack of “a genus of plumbaginaceou the north temperate region tufted herbs have narrow leaves and long scapes bearing heads of pink, pur- ple_and white flowers. Statice armeria, variously known as thrift, or sea pink, Js the one we want, Heucheria was named after a German botanist, Johann Heinrich Heucher. It constitutes & genus of North American saxifragaceous herbs having small pani- cled flowers. It belongs to the alum root family. A herb, it may be well to refresh our memory, is a seed plant whose stem does not develop woody tissue. Mostly we think of some plant whose top is used in medicine or cookery. The Sanguinea splendens varfety, as its name implies, is light blood red, the flowers being in the form of little bells. It depends for effectiveness upon a Gen. Bramwell Booth, head of the Salvation Army until & few months ago, when because of physical infirmities he was replaced, died last Sunday in his London home. That death may not seem to touch very closely the average reader of The Evening Star, but the organization of which for some 17 years he was commander-in-chief for all the world is of such tremendous importance to the world that it does touch every where they always were. —cate SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Grand Jury. We must give months of Precious Time To the analysis of Crime. ‘We wait to hear, from day to day, ‘What the Grand Jury has to say. State Legislatures boldly balk ‘While Congress shows its share of talk. Yet new offenses bring dismay And the Grand Jury has a Say. ‘While nations seek a peaceful plan To settle matters, Man to Man, The real question, on Life's way, Is, “What Does the Grand Jury Say?” v Available for Reference. “Have you kept all your campaign promises “Yes,” answered Senator Sorghum; “in & scrapbook.” Trresistible. My Radio! My Radio! Your talk I cannot skip, As it is teaching me to know The charm of Salesmanship. Jud Tunkins says he doesn’t mind the carfare, but he resents being compelled to hang onto the strap like he was some kind of an athlete, Cityman’s Plaint. The Farmer says he wants relief. The restaurants forget us As we the bill observe with grief For just a head of lettuce. Flivvering Along. “Does your wife find fault with you?” “Not any more,” answered Mr. Chug- gins. “She used to think I was usually wrong. Since the traffic cops cut into the argument she thinks I am always right.” “On every hand,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “you must encounter superior knowledge. Few men can un- derstand the writings on our laundry tickets.” Fundamentalism. To read my Bible I ‘Was happily content; But now, I can't deny, It starts an argument. “Forgivin yoh enemies,” sald Uncle tention that booze felonies are not the only lberties which Americans are taking with the criminal code. ‘The most disquieting feature of cus- toms infractions is the character of the people who are guilty of them. They are recruited almost exclusively from the so-called “better class.” They are men and women who would indig- nantly resent being put in a category with professional = smugglers. American men and women Who prefer, and can afford, to stock up their ward- robées and their jewel cases in the Rue de la Paix or Bond street are able and Chiang Kai-Shek and Marshal Feng Yu- Hslang. Throughout the new China should be willing to pay the piper awalt~ ing them at United States customs- there s a lurking fear that “the bear houses. Little pity need be wasted on “$aat walksJike & man".still Jongs, #s in fhose who run the risk of “getting by” Eben, “is a big help towards forgettin’ yoh troubles.” Knee-Deep Knowledge. Prom the San Antonio Evening News. Floods lately kept a Texas gradual class from retyeivlgl their degrees. 't.rmh: moral is, add swimming lessons to the curriculum. R ] Not Yet! From the San Antonio m-.h OH, no! A Labor regime in England doesn’t mean that everybody will have to go to work. ‘Why Bother! Prom the Omaha Evening World-Herald. Do strawberries make an acid or alka- line ash? Don't think about it. eat ‘em. - man and woman, whatever may be his or her station in life. ] Somehow, the recent organization in ‘Washington of the Community Chest, which gathers by “mass production” methods, the funds contributed for all charities and benevolences adhering to its system, has robbed the city of the personal touch of the Salvation Army lassies at public places, with their tam- bourines to receive the dimes and quar- ters and dollars to help the needy. It is not without a feeling of indignation that counterfeit Salvation Army tam- bourines have appeared, here and there, held out by representatives of other or- ganizations which are not at all con- nected with the real Salvation Army. Some friends of the Army may be un- duly jealous of that “trade mark” of loving service, and resent the imposi- tion of the counterfeit tambourine be- guiling the public into diverting the support which for years it has repre- sented. But the genuine Salvation Army is still functioning in the Capital and elsewhere throughout the Nation, and all nations, and is doing a work which the churches do not duplicate. In Washington it has five “churches” called “corps” of its own, where serv- ices are held daily for the men and women who would feel uncomfortable in the midst of better dressed folks, however kind might be their welcome. * ok x K There were several organizations from America which performed great and noble work for the welfare of the soldlers of the A. E. F. during the World War, but thére was none which | 8o completely won the admiration and gratitude of the buddies as did the Salvation Army. The lassles and their doughnuts became famous, but not so famous as did the bravery of the women and men who penetrated the very front lines in their welfare zeal, fearless and cheering, whether from America or from England. In a booklet issued by the Army at the time of the Sesquicentennial cele- bration in Philadelphia appears this official interpretation of the spirit of t.::: Salvation Army in those dangerous times: “It has been aptly remarked that America ‘rediscovered’ the Salvation Army during the World War. No one was more surprised at this reaction on the part of the people than the Salva- tionists themselves. Entering that period in the same spirit of earnestness and humility with which they had per- formed their accustomed duties at home, they were not conscious.of doing anything extraordinary in going so close to the front lines and remaining there as long as the soldiers needed them. The women, as well as the men, had been in the habit of going straight to the source of any difficulty, They had never stood on the edge of a crowd and offered advice at a distance. ‘Where there was trouble to be reme- died it was their habit to be in the middle of it. So in France they merely did what they had always done in at- tacking other forms of distress at home. ‘They quietly ascertained where the trouble was at its worst and then just as quietly went after it. “Although the Army had won the hearts of the people through its routine work, and had demonstrated its ca- pacity for meeting emergencies in the Spanish-American War and in such national calamities as the San Fran- cisco earthquake, its service to the common soldiers in the trenches in France seemed to awaken the Nation to the fact that here was an - tion whose complete worth it had not quite fully lfln‘echwd. “In recognition of the service of the Salvation Army during the war, Presi- dent Wilson awarded Comdr. Evan- slme Booth the Distinguished Service L A scene was witnessed by the present Just writer which occurred at a reception in the White House, given by President.and ven before, but which he goes away | feeling for the reader, defines Statice as | BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. | Radiance held up unusually well. THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. number of stems being placed together, when the appearance of a vase is charm- & * k * % Among the peonies our favorites were Le Cygne and Festiva maxime, one of the most expensive and one of the | cheapest, respectively. 1t is difficult to beat Le Cygne and Solange, but faithful old Festiva max- | ima need never bow its head in their | presence. Its beauty is perennial, with its faint streak of carmine at the cen- ter of its glorious creamy white petals, There was a_variety Abatra, which was a great deal like it. We aiso liked Tourangelle, a white suffused with the palest pink, and Milton Hill, a pink whopper. La France was another good pale pink variety. It is a pleasure to see properly grown peonies. Most people like the rose types the best, but for those who fancy the single varicties there was one unusual one, named Buccaneer, with deep red petals and yellow center, Among the roses the vases of Red The gladioli made no particular showing, only a few varieties being included in the exhibit. ‘The iris showed up well, but we found the peonies usurping at- tention. Then there were those darlings of the floral world, the orchids, mostly shown in the varieties more common to grow- ers, but with a few unusual ones mixed in. There was an elderly gentleman who came up to the largest of the orchid tables, who won our admiration because he was hard of hearing and his eyesight was not good, but he was determined both to see orchids and hear about | them. As he used his magnifying glasses and cupped his ear f“leum. we thought that if every one in fhe world displayed such interest and determination about things of beauty, what a wonderful place this terrestrial globe might be (not would be; we don’t know whether it would be of not, but it might be). * Kk ok % A flower exhibit is a kind of library, where every reader finds his own flow- ery volumes. Each vase is a book in which the reader finds entertainment and beauty, according to what is written there and what he brings to it. Armeria, with its red tufts, was a little, fragrant book of poetry, bound in green, whispering of far-away things, Heucheria, it seemed, was a book of fairy tales, its tiny bells ringing out for the elves who are said to dance in Rock Creek Park on Summer evenings. Favorite Festiva maxima became a stout old book, sturdily made against the wear of the years, containing secrets of beauty which never grow old. Here a book and there a book, here a flower and there a flower, in_this library of scented creations of the Mas- ter Hand. “Out of print” is never written in connection with these names, for the eternal printery is always at work, and any man who loves the good things these volumes contain may. have them in his own outdoor library. These books, which are not made by hands, come fresh and fair each season. The happy thing is that the owner has Jjust a little work to do himself; unlike a printed book, which the buyer accepts from the hands of the printer, the gar- den book is made fairly good or very good according to the imagination and dcurmamtlon of the garden reader, Mrs. Coolidge, about three years ago; it has never been written about. Such presidential receptions always bring personages of very great impor- tance; the uniforms of the diplomats and officials of their embassies and the cos- tumes of the wealthy and fashionable ladies make a brilliant and impressive sight as the procession of guests marches past the host and hostess, and as each guest approaches the President a uni- formed military aide announces the name and rank of the guest, who is per- mitted to shake the hands of the Chief of the Nation and the First Lady and hear a few words of friendly but formal greeting. The procession moves on to the blue room, where the hundreds “mill around” in social groups or par- ticipate in dancing. The scene is gor- geously formal and dazzingly bright and beautiful. On this occasion, amidst the uniforms of Army and Navy and diplomats, and the gay dresses of the “fine ladies,” came a “Sallie” with her poke bonnet and de- mure face, and she was greeted respect- fully by host and hostess, then started to pass on—but Mrs. Coolidge's hand suddenly halted the movement, and scores behind wondered what had hap- pened. Nothing had happened except that the First Lady of the Land had loosed her beautiful corsage bouquet and pushed it into the hands of the aston- ished Salvation Army lady. Could any act have been more touching and lovely? Who but Mrs. Coolidge could have done 1t? ‘The general and other high officials of the Salvation Army have been re- ceived in audience by the royal per- sonages of several courts of Europe, for the days of jeering at the work of the army, which were so bitter at first, have long since passed, and the Sallle Lassle was given special recognition by our First Lady. * ok ok ok In planning to write this article about the work of the Salvation Army, the writer searched through a ponderous book entitled “Evangelizing America,” written by Grover C. Loud and pub- lished a few weeks ago. It tells about all the great evangelists of the century, from Jonathan Edwards to Billy Sun- day and Aimee Semple McPherson and John Roach Straton. It depicts Noody and Sankey and gives a flash back to Whitfield and Wesley, and even Joseph Smith, the founder of Mormonism. It is quite a story of evangelism, with a climax in fundamentglism and “ra- tionalized religion” and ell modern im- provements due to the radio. Yet in its 367 pages it forgets to say one word about the work of reaching down to the “down-and-outer” and proving that though “down” no one is “out.” Not a word about the Salvation Army—the greatest romance of civilization since the tragedy of Christendom. * K Kk ‘The army was begun by a poverty- stricken, uninfluential London mission- ary in 1877. It reached America in 1880 through a ‘weaver who had been touched th it in London. Throughout its entire growth it has been headed by members of the family of William Booth, the founder. His son, Willlam Bramwell Booth, succeeded to its chief command in 1912, upon the death of the father; and the sister, Commander-in-Chief Evangeline Booth, came to America a slender girl of 19 years and has been commander-in-chief ever since, That was the command through the World War and aftermath. Today, the army covers the world with 16,518 corps, in 84 countries, with 26,000 general officers and 108,000 local officers and millions of volunteers, un- paid but-enthusiastic workers. There are no inactive members in the army. It has 45,000 musicians in organized bands, and 62,265 singers. Its services are conducted in 70 hnxu-gl and it &ublhh& 125 periodicals wif u- tion of millions. » MB:‘O: leg;.ofifl.flflfl Israelites out of n dage; how many more Lh'lr': Moses has the work of William Booth and his son, Bramwell Booth, and daughter, Evangeline Booth, led out of degradation and despair into cleaner llv;x and brighter hopes? al triots salute when Old Cilory passes by; why not salute when the Salvation Army waves, is carried by the las- sles "and the men who cheered the front-line trenches and who are doing a very great service to humanity. ~ (Copyrights 1930, b3 Faul V. Collined — NEW BOOKS AT RANDOM I. G. M. TREE CROPS; A Permanent Agricul- ture. J. Russell Smith, Harcourt, Brace & Co. “Tree Crops?” Yes, I know. You have in mind the passion of Spring verdancy, the thick Summer leafage, bird songs and nest shelters. You are picturing the Autumn glory of drifting russet and gold, the enchanting tracery of gray branch and twig against a Win- ter sunset. Maybe you are seeing great trees grouped in city parks or marching grandly along the country highway. “Beauty is its own excuse for being"” and sheer beauty is the harvest that engages you here. Possibly, you are a y again, remindful of the old-fash- ioned nuttings in the keen November air where you disputed rights of pos- sesslon with certain small creatures driven by their true fore-sense of Win- ter weathers and food shortege. In this latter case you are seeing again the gredt oak trees dropping their year's output of acorns among which pigs are nuzzling with deep epicurean grunts of joy. Wrong? Wrong, all around, you say? I might have known it. For here is a scientist, not a mere man; a sci- entist engrossed in profound and far- reaching mntw:s, A * x And here he is. And here is his en- grossment. The great, sustaining Mother Earth is being washed away. The only thing that can save it in its capacity to support life is an agriculture whose nature and habit are such as to stop this wash of soil, to fasten it to the carth crust of its origin. Trees, and trees alone, provide this medium of soil salvage. That the process of denuda- tion may take immeasurable years of time, millions of these in fact, does not alter the ultimate catastrophe. “Ero- sion,” the geologist calls this down-flow of land, finally into the sea, under the urge of pelting storm and running stream. Erosion is, therefore, the basic consideration from which the theory of a radically new agriculture is projected by Russell Smith. ‘Trees for food, shelter, clothing—does he mean that? Pretty much just that. Exactly just that if in the course of ages the earth is not to be stripped of its sustaining soll. And the “dirt farmer” snarls “Dreamer, visionary, theorist!” and goes on with his d! g. All of these, he may be. Yet this is no apocalyptic vision. It is, instead, mathe- matical calculation whose answer, defi- nite and indisputable, issues from the relation of all its parts. R S ‘To go along with this writer one must be able to climb high and to look wide. For, in this case, the entire surface of the earth must come under scrutiny, the geological processes of time itself must in certain directions come within one’s grasp. So, if your imagination can selze upon no more than a couple of generations to the rear and another couple to the fore, why, then, stay at home. Don’t go with this man whose mind is of racial scope and interest, whose patience is equal the slow movings of the earth making patterns upon its surface. * K ok X ‘Wheat, corn, oats, barley, cotton, rice, and the rest, will, in the long run, be the sofl's undoing. And how? From the fact that these growths depend upon a constant stirring and loosening and freeing of the soil for its ready re- moval from every upland by rain action and stream action, You can see readily, now that it is mx: before you, that the complete stripping of the rock founda- tion is but a question of time, since weathering of the rocks to form soil is a slow and infinitesimal process. The sweep of free soil takes no time at all in_comparison. ‘Who started us upon this destructive way? A woman. No, not Eve, who, at the most, no more than a little fancy gardening. Instead, this first ulturist was some primitive mother d g outside her cave for bits of things—roots, seeds, whatnot—for the young ones to chew upon. Then, being also the world’s first. inventor, this woman hit upon the cunning device of tucking some of the dried seeds back into the ground—just to see what would come of it. And farming was on its way. The long, long way of fitting the soll for grains—the way that, according to Mr. Smith, is, if continued, to bring the doom of bare rocks and a foodless {u:}&? upon the entire surface of the eal * ok ok K Much the larger part of this study is taken up with trees in respect to their food value, in respect to their fitness for the job of ultimately feeding the world, and, at the same time, of holding the sustaining part of the earth together as a working basis of existence itself. This is a most interesting, the most interest- ing, section of the study. But it is too long for a touch here. Some other time, it will have to come into the open as pure revelation of tree agriculture. New and astonishing tree facts, the world around, contribute here, first to the theory under discussion, and then to the deep curiosity of intelligent folks con- cerning resh outlook upon a great natural resource. * ok ok ok Russell Smith's prime purpose here, beyond that of setting the facts of the case before readers, is to enlist an in- telligent, enthusiastic, patriotic support of the theory of tree agriculture. And there is a difficulty. Government sup- port is as fickle as changes in the per- sonnel of office. Private enterprise, too, is eager for prompt results. Almost every one is, in effect, “Little Jackey Horner,” self-announcing, self-glorify- ing. And this tree business is a long- time security, for which the majority have no taste. “Land enough to last out our time” is the somewhat hard-boiled attitude that is almost certain to.meet this great truth and its greater enter- prise. Wl o ‘The method of this book is admirable, since it takes into its first account bqth the value of a reader's time and also the reader’s common inability to seize upon the vital parts of a discussion. ‘Therefore, at the start, the author sub- mits a “How to Read This Book.” Here is the “How": “This book can be read in four ways, deperbndinx on your hurry and your in- terest.: “First, look at the pictures and the legends and you have the essence of it. “Second, read the first three short chapters and you have the idea. This might be followed by the last two chap- ters to get a similar general statement of the applications. “Third, read the large print and you have the argument as an economist might want “Fourth, read the fine print and you have more details—of proof or of ap- plication—as a tree lover or a farmer ?xru an_agricultural scientist might want Certainly no one but a prince in the tribe of teachers, nobody but a prince in the house of learning, would have appreciated so keenly both subject and students as .this man has done by the simple device of getting the two to- gether in the best ro&!lhle relationship. Taken all in all, here is a survey coupled with a theory of world-wide enterprise of such revolutionary char- acter as_to look with certainty upon resistance, controversy and much else of obstructive attitude. But is it not Interesting? Is it not convincing? Is it not set out in theory with the utmost clarity? Is it not advocated in N plainest of logical sequence? Is it not, moreover a mine of new information t captivates the reader even while it may not convince his short-term mind to the values of a long-term world process? ————————— Hope Springs—— From the Toledo Blade. We hope the new paper money will nfickbet&‘rmnthepuhnlw. —————— Ask Babe Ruth. olt News. rt_goods manufacturer still in- base ball now in use is identi- t on the market 10 years be refueled in the air, ‘What do you need to know? Is there some point about your business or per- sonal life that puzzles you? 1Is there something you want to know without delay? Submit your question to_Fred- eric J. Haskin, director of our Wash- ington Information Bureau. He is e ployed to_help you. Address your in- quiry to The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, Washington, D. C., and inclose 2 cents in coin or stamps for return postage. Q. What are the meanings of the numbers 73 and 88 used over the radio? —T. R. D. A. Seventy-three means “Greetings” and 88 means “Love and kisses,” and is strictly amateur. Q. What is the average age of Boy gm;uxz When do they drop out?— A. Boy Scout headquarters in Wash- ington says: “Boys must be 12 years old before they can become Scouts. There is no maximum age requirement, though we usually speak of scouting as being for boys from 12 to 18 years of age. National statistics show that the average length of time boys remain in scouting is one year and four months. Many boys do not enter the movement until they are older than 12, so that the average age of boys in the Boy Scout organization is more or less of a guess. It would probably average around 13%,. ‘The greatest loss in any age up is among the 12-year-old boys, for reasons that are interesting but not requested here. Normally, when pro- gram and leadership are right, boys do not drop out until they are about 16. Q. swme is the flag of Russia today? A. The state flag of the Soviet Union is of red or scarlet cloth—length to width, 2:1. In the left upper corner are a golden sickle and hammer, sur- mounted by a five-pointed red star with a golden border. Q. How many architects are there in the United States? Where can a list of them be obtained?—P. V. A. The 1920 census showed that there are 18,185 architects in the United States. A list of architects is con- tained in the Annuary of the American Institute of Architects, published by the institute at 1741 New York avenue, W gton, D. C. . Please give recipe for a Denver sandwich.—D. R. A. ‘The filling is composed of chopped boiled ham, chopped green peppers, egg yolk, chopped onion and butter. The ingredients are mixed, flattened into a cake and fried brown. Serve hot in white bread or bun sandwich, with mustard. Q. Does any college give a course in motion picture work?—C. N. A. The University of Southern Cali- fornia is und this departure. ‘This college and the Academy of Mo- tion Picture Arts and Sciences have mapped out plans for two basic courses. The first, which is now under way, is a purely cultural course, designed to give the average student a better apprecia- tion of the pictures which constitute so ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS ‘* BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. b large a part of his entertainment. The second, which is being organized, is for the limited number who may be found fitted to specialize in active prepara- tion for definite work in the literary and technical branches of the indus- try. This is being prepared with the utmost care and all possible precau- tions to insure its giving bona fide training to the right individuals and still preserving the - proper economic balance. Of it Karl T. Waugh, under whose charge, as dean of liberal arts, the new courses come, says: “What the industry needs and what the uni- versity can give is men and women trained in the fundamental subjects of physics, chemistry, optics, art, archi- tecture, English, dramatics, psychology, etc., with particular application to the chemistry of the film, optics of motion picture camera work, the psychology of perception and interpretation, the art and architecture of motion picture de- sign, stagecraft, dramatics, and the ele- ments of plot and scenario writing. A school of motion picture sciences may thus be comparable to schools of min- ing or civil engineering or architecture.” Q. Where is Pagopago?—L. M. MeN. A. Pagopago is & seaport on the Island of Tutuila of the Samoan Islands, in the Pacific Ocean. Q. How is the word “program” pro- nounced?—H. A. B. i A. Tt is accented on the first sylla- ble,"and the sound of “a” in “mat” is preferred in “-gram,” but the shorter sound, as if spelled “grum,” is coun- tenanced. Q. When was the Pittsburgh riot?— G. A. S. A. What is known as the “Pittsburgh riot” occurred during the general strike of employes of the Pennsylvania Rail- road, which began on July 16, 1877, and which lasted three months. The State guards of the 6th Division, who had been called to protect the railroad prop- erties, were attacked by strikers and mobbed when they tried to clear the Twenty-third street crossing. Millions of dollars in property loss were entailed and many thousands of people partici- pated in the riot. Q. If you depress a rubber bail with a hole in it and put it in_a vacuum, will 1t regain its shape?—J. B. A. It will regain its shape. Q. What are meant by “lake dwell~ ings"?—E. C. N. A. The name is applied to human habitations built usually upon founda- tions of piles or posts, but con- structed of trunks of trees, brush, earth or stone and erected on the shallow borders of lakes, rivers and other inland waters. ‘These structures abounded in Switzerland and adjacent parts of Italy. France and Germany in the Stone and Bronze ages, but are known to have ex- isted in many other parts of the world. Q. Does the United States consume all the peanuts raised here?—L. P. A. Not only do we consume all the peanuts raised here but find it neces- sary to import about 80,000,000 pounds annually. By far the largest percentage of these come from China. ‘When the Big Ten Conference of colleges, dealing with intercollegiate sports, expelled the University of Iowa because of alleged methods of bidding for athletes, it opened up the whole question of American practices in re- sponse to the demand for winning teams. The Iowa autho.ities deny that their methods differed from those of educational institutions generally and the controversy has become very warm. An emphatic view is taken by the Topeka Daily Capital with the state- ment that it belleves it is “much better to come out into the open for any system than profess one status and practice another. College foot ball,” continues that paper, “has been plainly tending toward professionalism for 20 years. A generation ago the present organization, with professional coaches and professional athletic directors more highly paid than the deans of scholastic departments, would have been regarded as essentially professional. It does not seem likely that alumni will ever sup- port actually amateur college foot ball, and in that case what becomes of the costly stadiums that are one of the proudest monuments of higher culture? Compared with college foot ball on & nominally amateur status, professional American base ball is commendably free from scandals and pretense.” “Why,” asks the Des Moines Tribune- Capital, “should Towa sit back and be made the goat in the enterprise when every one of the big schools has been combing the high school field for ath- letes and offering all sorts of induce- ments to the desirable men? * * * The reason why Iowa is picked upon for discipline_is because, except at home- coming, Jowa does not turn out big paying crowds as compared with Chi- cago and_the Eastern foot ball fields. Does anybody suppose for an instant that on the same showing of facts the same action would have been taken against Chicago or against any of the Eastern schools? Iowa might much better challenge the situation and force a decision on what really constitutes amateur college athletics than to act on the defensive when it is plain that Iowa has been chosen to be the goat.” So also the Davenport Democrat argues: “It would necessitate no strain upon the imagination of any one well versed in foot ball affairs to name players on many teams who would never have got far in college without some one to pay the room rent. Presi- dent Jessup and the athletic manage- ment at Iowa have reason for even more resentment than they have shown that all the stress should be put upon what Iowa has done, and nothing said about what other colleges have done. Of course, Towa is not going to spy upon or investigate or bring charges against these other schools. But it ought not to be made the goat, llmrly because some one has had the spite and ill- will to work up a case t Towa.” However, another Iowa daily takes this view: “It is a fine thing to help deserving students,” in the opinion of the Sloux City Tribune, “but not so fine when the help is confined to athletes whose strong bodies should enable them to make their own way. Responsible officlals of a State uni- versity in particular should not become parties to ‘shady’ operations. There will be no serious complaint among the general citizenship of Iowa if State university either goes in aggres- sively for simon-pure athletes or ignores these intercollegiate competitions en- tirely. Honorable and dignified stand- ards are more important than the backwash of fleeting athletic fame.” The South Bend Tribune says “it develops that the University of Iowa was expelled from the Western Con- ference more for the reason that it failed to put the overzealous, athleti- cally speaking, alumni in their place than that it was guilty of unusually serious vlol:dnna of the confemrll}t:e rules against recruiting promising ath- letes. Maj. John L. Griffith, commis- sioner of the conference, has expressed tne opinion that the ided en- thusiasm of & group of alumni was largely mmnsme for Iowa's plight. Maj. Griffith and other conference offi- clals concede that other schools affili- ated with the athletic conference are the Big Ten” do- Cleveland Plain Dealer, “the clares the committee which sat as a court of ap- Issue of Bidding Opened by Action Against Towa for Athletes the conference representatives. What- ever the facts in the Iowa case may be, prompt reinstatement would have been interpreted as an ende?vor to hush up the whole question of soliciting and subsidizing athletes before other con- ference institutions became involved. Before the committee’'s decision was many hours old an Indiana high school coach made charges against another college which will doubtless turn the attention of the conference to the ath- letic practices of that institution.” “The case seems clear, admittedly clear,” according to the Milwaukee Journal, “that Iowa had a slush fund to entice athletes to Iowa City and to make the collegiate going easier for them after they got there. This fund was the work of alumni, who seem to have completely wrested the control of athletics from the faculty. * * * The issue raised in the Big Ten group is really momentous for the future of foot ball. The game has gained an aston- ishingly wide popular support because it is supposed to be an amateur sport. And it can keep that support only by being amateurly respectable. * * * The Big Ten Conference should go to the bottom of this thing. If other schools are involved, as the tales go, they, too, should be brought on the carpet. The clean-up should be complete and just . Seietons Wil mew be dragged forth “Skeletons will now be di 1 from academic closets,” the Springfield, I, State Journal concludes, “and will be made to dance for the edification of critics of intercollegiate athletics and their relation to higher education, Sterling performances on gridiron, court, diamond and cinder path will be ob- scured by a film of mud as recrimina- tions and countercharges fly. A sad f;lem:fiffi‘im?"mm from the dross will & new stan - D dard of sports: Co-Operative Hotel For Women Is Urged To the Editor of The Star: ‘The Government Hotels are to be torn down. They have proven the meed of permanent and comfortable housing for Government employes. The women in the Government Hotels would lke o pe‘rmlnen\ hotel co-operatively owned within easy reach of the Gove departments and the business !;:Tl:;n“;% the city. Many of these women do not feel physically able to do housework after working for the Government all day. They wish to spend their leisure time for cultural development. ving in a urban section desirable, especially in Summet l,v.‘hol“n living in downtown Washington exceépt for the transportation drawback. Both the city and the Federal Government should see that adequate transporta- tion facilities are afforded Government employes. - Iam quite sure that President and Mrs. Hoover, the Congress of the United States, the Fine Arts Commission, the National Capital Park and Planning Commission, the American Civic Asso- ciation, the Better Homes of America and many other individuals and or- ganizations gladly would offer helpful the | Suggestions and constructive criticisms for a project so vital to the needs of the Federal employes and others. Every normal man and woman wants a AnaTer trees, for the garden native the And oake i bseh witn o oaks, a beech with blue-j bark and silken leaves and vlng:" le the road a greenbriar vine so clean on a dusty day, ‘When the only thing that is stirring is the scent from new-mown hay. And for a screen not Lombardy’s, but our own native vines, The Virgin's bower, wild clematis, and Autumn’s red woodbines, And trumpet vines—the music of their trumpets have you heard, When they auir;,- visit from a ruby And hollyhocks, anc ur pale pink, and blue, and white, lumbine so gayly dressed, as At Awakened in the morning hours about the break of day, It does not matter if the month be , June or May, Not by a or whistle shrill on train or trolley line, peal on the Iowa used to reverse the ., case re- made byd But by a catbird singing on a wild blackberry vine. C. HOWLETT,