Evening Star Newspaper, May 18, 1929, Page 6

WASHINGTO - HE ' EVENING With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SATURDAY. THEODORE W. NOYES. . . .Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: n Ave. <110 East 47nd St. Chicago Office: Lake Michigan Building. European Office: 14 Regent St., London. England Rate by Carrier Wi the City. The Evening Star 452 per month 60c per month 65c per month § ¢ per copy Coliec’ion made atthe end of rach menth Orders may be sent in by mail or telephone Main 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday....1 yr.. $10.00 Daily onls. 701 yr.$6100: 1 mol. 8 Sunday only $4100; 1 mo.. 40c All Ot"er States and Canada. Dally and Sunday $12.00; 1 mi Daily only 8.00: Sunday only 5.00. Member of the Associated Press. exclusively entitied it ey 135 8 H 1 mo. = Retirement Bill Reported. The Senate civil service committce favorably reported yesterday the Dale bill to liberalize the civil service retire- ment law. It is now on the calendar and may be passed by the Senate during this extraordinary session. The calen- dar may be called and if there is no objection the Dale bill may be passed. The calendar was called last week and some bills passed. The ques- tion was then raised as to wheth- er Jeaders would allow the pro- cedure to continue, some members ex- plaining that they had been holding back because it was understood that general legislation was not to be con- sidered at this session. The answer then was that the committees are organized and the legislative machinery may grind, although it has been the hopes of the leaders that they might be able to hold down as closely as pos- sible to farm relief and tariff bills. It s, therefore, for the Senate itself to decide, and those who are leading the fight for relief for the veteran Gov- ernment workers are hopeful that the Benate will soon pass this bill. The identical measure passed the House last session by a vote of 219 to 0, after 281 members had signed a petition asking that it be allowed to come up d\der a special rule. Four hundred shombers of the House have signified that they are in favor of the bill and only one has said that he is opposed to §t. This measure was reintroduced in the House by Chairman Lehlbach of the House civil service committee. STAR May 18, 1929 past into the present a somew } be: wildered figure, consclous of hm own inadequacy and suffering from in- feriority complexes for which he tries o compensate in ways obvious to any luckless motorist who has been unrea- sonably “cussed out” for driving past a traffic sign. On the whole police promotions have been made on merit in most American cities. The exccutives have come from the ranks by their own efforts. But the merit has been largely that of brawn, courage and personality. The success of such officers in dealing with the complicated situations they have been called upon to handle has been due {largely to instinctive capacity. The so- | cial structure has become altogether too | complex for instinctive solutions of its’ | difficulties. “I sometimes feel,” said a prominent ‘Washington clergyman recently, “that no man has any business being a min- ister unless he is also a physician, a psychiatrist, a sociologist and a lawyer. But no man lives long enough to learn enough to be a minister.” This applies even more forcefully to the policeman. | He cannot possibly know enough to meet the opportunities of his job or to solve correctly all of the problems that come before him.His work touches upon every phase of human activity. He should at least know enough to know where to turn for help without too much fumbling. The courses planned at the Chicago universities will include such studies as anthropology, psychology, modern lan- guages, psychiatry, sociology, chemistry, Jaw and fundamentals of medicine. The | application of all of these to the police- man'’s job is obvious. The perfect officer would have a professional knowledge of all of them. The patrolman will be the backbone of the city police department for many ears to come. But it may not be en- tirely out of the question that the day will come when he will disappear al- together and the policeman will be a learned gentleman who seldom leaves his office. He will solve crime before it happens. This appears a fantastic picture. It is unlikely that any one now living will see it realized. But institutions just as fundamental as the patrolman have | in countless cases to armed bands of desperadoes who looked upon the “Scar- face” as their acknowledged leader. Police, and apparently judges and courts themselves, could not, or would not, apprehend Capone. Now and then some of his minions became enmeshed in the law, but the long arm of Chi- cago justice somehow seemed palsied whenever the fate of the racket czar himself was imperiled. Hardly a gang slaying occurred in the second largest | city in the United States in which lsooner or later the “Scarface” or his creatures were not implicated, at least to the point of strong suspicion. Yet throughout Capone’s long and impudent career as gangland's dominant figure the police never booked him on a single charge. When asked by the Philadel- phia trial judge if he had ever “done time,” Capone proudly said, “Not a minute.” He became a legendary hero because of his sublime contempt for the law, District Attorney John Monaghan, who is by way of making a remarkable “clean up"” record in Philadelphia, with the aid of an energetic young lawyer, Lemuel Schofield, as director of public safety, deserves the country’s congratu- lations for daring to do what Chicago has lacked the nerve to tackle. “Scarface Al” will find the cold walls of Moyamensing County Jail a rather different proposition from his palatial Winter home at Miami. Temporarily, at least, the career of the most brazen crook of our time has been brought to a sudden and condign end. Chicago, vaunted community of bustie and hustle, can no longer poke fun at Philadel- phia’s snaillike habits. The Quaker City has moved, in Al Capone’s case, with a speed and effectiveness that not only makes Chicago ridiculous, but should make her heartily ashamed. As “Scarface Al” surveys things from THIS AND THAT Letters to this column afford never- failing inspiration and entertainment to the writer here. A letter is a per- sonal thing: it comes from one person to another pe.son: others seldom see it unless through unusual circumstances. Permit us to supply the unusual circumstances, for the time being, and serve up here a few of our recent let- ters, in the belief that other readers will find them at once entertaining and instructive. From the American consulate Lourenco Marques, Portuguese East Africa, we received recently the fol- lowing: “Dear Sir: Keep the cat stories go- 'ing, if for no other reason than this { country-woman of yours in darkest Africa. “My subscription of The Star is taken secondarily for the joy Jack Spratt affords me. . “My Michael, sleck haired ball of fluff that he is. sends you regards. Michael is a Zulu cat and as black as ebony. . “With appreciation to Charles E. Tracewell, himself, from (Mrs.) W.Q. 8.” | * x % % It isn't every day, of course, that one receives a letter from Africa. We can assure other writers, however, that their letters are none the less appreci- ated because they have not traveled so many miles. g Here is a good one from the District of Columbia: 3 “Dear Sir: As an amateur—who still hopes—to a writer who has arrived, I send this little greeting, just to tell you how much I have enjoyed and appreci- write.” “Porhaps one is always thrilled over finding a kindred spirit; by that I mean one who thinks as we think, at least along certain lines. So when I read your thoughts as to ways and means of writing which exactly agreed with my own experience, I felt im- pelled, as by an unseen force, to sit down, pencil behind the bars he will not fail to soliloquize that, after all. when law really clears for action in America it is remorseless and invincible. ‘The implications of events in Phila- delphia are immense and heartening. ——r—— Commissioner Whalen has succeeded in regulating theater traffic in New York, but has not been able to suppress disappeared in the past because there was no longer need for them. The es- tablishment of the police colleges may well be a step in this direction. ————————— Dwight F. Davis. Dwight F. Davis has been appointed and has accepted the office of Governor General jof the Philippines. The selec- tion of Mr. Davis for this important post is a happy one. As Secretary of War, Mr. Davis was in close contact with the affairs of the Philippines. The So the prospects are bright for favor- Bble action in the House. This would probably not come up in the House wuntil the December session, because the oivil service committee is not organized. [t could, of course, be called up under a gpecial rule or by unanimous consent, @s the House membership is practically gnanimous for the measure. There is o 21 charge of this measure to try to gorce it through in opposition to the plans of the House leaders. The action by the Senate committee terday is encouraging to the veteran es and their friends. It shows fhem that their friends in Congress are persistently working for this legislation. 3t causes them to look forward with moore confident expectation to conclusive action early in the first regular session #n December. Theirs is a worthy cause snd ultimately must prevail. ———ro. A Supreme Court Building. It will be gratifying to the American people to note that Congress is moving gorward steadily with plans to provide for the United States Supreme Court # structure in keeping with the position this court occuples as the highest $ribunal in the land. A preliminary design for the build- #ng has just been completed and uné doubtedly will be passed upon without delay by the Supreme Court Bullding mmission, Having acquired the site on First street between East Capitol gtreet and Maryland avenue northeast, $here is every reason to believe that Congress will put through the neces- sary follow-up legislation for the con- #truction work as soon as the commis- #ion is ready to submit its final report bn the plans and specifications. The drawings and miniature model fust made public are tentative, but they yeveal that in its new home the court will have adequate facilities not only %o handle its present volume of work, but for the future growth that is bound o occur. At the present time the court is rowded .into a limited space in the eentral portion of the Capitol Building, between the Senate and House, where 4ts accommodations can not be ex- panded as time goes on. In the new structure there will be suitable quarters for the clerical staff, for counsel and for the appropriate housing of a great law library. Every day of the year Americans W#isiting the National Capital visit the Supreme Court in their journey through the Capitol. The seating capacity of the present courtroom is limited and there is nearly always a waiting line of wisitors in the corridor. The new court- yoom will be approximately sixty per cent larger. Aside from actually providing the gourt with adequate housing accommo- datlons, this proposed building will be # notable addition to the area sur- Founding the Capitol Grounds. ——————————— Mussolini is interested in restoring the glories of ancient Rome. Ancient Rome depended on brawn and brain, pnd would not have regarded poison- gas threats as particularly glorious. ——o——————— Doctors of Criminology. “ Both the University of Chicago and Northwestern University are to estab- Ush departments of criminology for the training of police officers. This may well mark the start of a new cra in the administration of law in America, There is no single cure-all for the allegedly growing lawlessness. It @rises from sundry fundamental causes. One of these causes is the increasing inadequacy of the policeman to deal with the increasing complexities of administration of the islands comes under the jurisdiction of the War De- partment. Furthermore, the United States maintains a considerable mili- tary force on the islands in which the ‘War Department is directly interested. a general protest that most of the shows. are no good. ————— King Tut is credited with having val- uable secrets. And yet he has not dis- closed a single radio tube that shows the slightest improvement. R DR Selection of a wedding day is a small matter when a prince of aviators de- cides that he has personal rights in his domestic affairs. ——— A strong conservative sentiment ‘con- tinues to assert itself. Uncle John Robinson's circus is still touring the West. Social precedence reverts to the an- cient question of who has the big After Mr. Davis became Secretary of War he was interested in building up the utility of the Army in peace-time been undertaken in the Philippines. ‘The Philippine Islands are far greater in extent and in importance than many Americans, living thousands of miles away, realize. They represent, too, the farthest outpost of the United States in Asiatic waters. Upon their proper ad- ministration much depends, not only for the island peoples themselves, but also for the continued good relations of the United States with the powers of the Far East. Mr. Davis is well qualified to have charge of the admin- istration as governor general. He has demonstrated his executive ability as Secretary of War and as Assistant Sec- retary of that department. During the ‘World War he served in the Army over- seas, being commissioned first a cap- tain, then a major, and finally a lleu- tenant colonel. He was awarded a Dis- tinguished Service Oross for heroism in France. Ever since he left college, in 1900, and returned to his home in St. Louis, he has interested himself in pub- lic affairs. One of his accomplishments was the establishment of public baths, and Me was a member of the St. Louls Park Oomamission at the time when an elaborate system of public parks was outlined. President Hoover regards the office of Governor General of the Philippines as one of major importance. He is to be congratulated upon filling the post s0 adequately. Problems of administra- tion as well as of the policies to be de- veloped and carried through in regard to these island possessions call for diplomatic ability, common sense and firmness. The trade relations between the Philippine Islands and the United States are always a matter of keen in- terest to both. The new governor gen- eral will be in a position to advance American interests as well as those of the jslands. e Having been presented at court, Helen Wills has been able to convey an im- pression that the tennis racket is suffi- ciently influential in modern thought swatter. BRSO Bravo, Philadelphia! Philadelphia has had the reputation for many years of being ‘“corrupt and contented.” But a certain momentous event there yesterday conclusively dem- onstrates that on occasion administra- tion of justice in the City of Brotherly Love can be swift and sure. Late Thursday night “Scarface” Al Capone of Chicago, the most notorious “gangster” and ‘“racketeer” in the country, was “picked up” on an ordi- nary charge of gun-toting. With him was his bodyguard, Frank Cline, an- derworld. On Friday morning Capone and Cline were taken into County Court, were branded by the people’s counsel as a common menace to the community, pleaded guilty and were sentenced to a year aplece in jail. An hour later they were locked up in inal practice records precious few ex- amples of such expedition. Philadelphia accomplished in less than a day what Chicago for a decade | has not dared to do. Capone has been | a publicly known crook in the Windy City since World War days. His gun- Buman relations. “This is no slur on the individual of- ficer. The old-time policeman was a “hereic figure. But he emeufl from the concelvable description—were traceable the weather map for man gangs have carried on a reign of terror. Murder, robbery, de luxe boot- as to avoid being mistaken for the “fly- | other shining light of the Chicago un- | | Moyamensing Prison. American crim- | pull with the hostess or the landlady. [, ‘When & President goes fishing, the present intention, however, of those | activities. Some of these activities have | 18N are expected to behave and be politely landed. [ But they never do. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Laughing 1t Ofr. ‘We've got to stand together, As the world goes on its way, And leaves us wondering whether Life has lost its spirit gay. We're setting up defiance Of ideas old and new. And things we said were Science We're informed are quite untrue. We are worried 'hout the weather— Crime waves put us in all wrong— But we've got to stand together, As we sing a little song. In Agreement. “Are your constituents in agreement with you?" “Of course,” answered Senator Sor- ghunr. “They understand that the political boss and I are in perfect ac- cord.” Jud Tunkins says he would never sell his vote, because it would be just his luck to get mixed up into & bear mar- ket. Reminders. “I knew you when you were a boy,” exclaimed the old acquaintance. “Why bring up sad reminders,” in- quired the patient friend, “of youthful follles we are trying to forget?” Exhilaration of Effort, 'Tis better to have loved and lost ‘Than never to have loved at all— Better to fish, at any cost, Although the fish prove great or small. Better to dig the garden spot, Although the plant may never thrive, If but to prove that you are not Of those who are riot still alive. Aversion. “Your boy ran away from school to- day. “Yes,” answered the fond parent. “They were teaching evolution. And the child has a terrible dislike of mon- keys.” “Wine and vinegar,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “represent human | experience. A sneer is only a smile that | has turned sour.” o Authority. Authority we all desire. ‘Tones of command we all admire. I'd like to be a traffic cop, To tell 'em when to go or stop. | | “De preacher,” said Uncle Eben, “gives you good advice on Sunday—but dar is six mo’ days in de week dat leaves you to take yoh own chances.” e Jury Trial Necessary. From the Cleveland News. Jury trial may be necessary to decide whether the University of Pittsburgh has a right to expel a student. No wonder the poor courts get so far behind. e eS— Make Way for Series. Prom the Lowell Evening Leader. Maybe all that is reasonably to be ex- pected is that the extra session of Con- gress shall complete its business in time ior the world series games. oo Grounds for Proceedings. Tiom the Louisville Courier-Journal. legging, blackmail—thuggery of every about it. “Perhaps you are too big a man in your profession to open your own let- ters: perhaps you have long gotten over feeling rejoiced that your words have struck an answering chord in a still struggling ‘would be.’” If so. you'll never see this. But even so, I have had the pleasure of writing it. and if you do read it will you answer it by writing more articles along the same line? “Your talks on flowers, too, have iven me much pleasure, but I do not hrill over cats—due to early, most un- pleasant experiences with them. How- ever, the cat articles were read by me, as well as by thousands who do love them. “With no apologies for the peneil (T write better this way), very sincerely yours, C. P." ‘We hasten to tell this kind corre- spondent and others that we have no secretary, that we personally open every letter written us, and always get as much thrill out of the last one as from the first we received, almost flve years ago. * K oK ¥ “Dear Sir: What follows is written under the assumption that one who labors daily to put before his readers something worth while is not averse to a word of praise, even from one un- known and undistinguished. “The reading of your semi-philosoph- ical articles appearing regularly in The Star gives me both much pleasure and instruction. N “T found your article on the subjective and the objective personalities particu- larly good. This, of course, means that I am conceited cnough to number my- self with the subjectives as far as my restricted mentality will permit. “In another article occurred this par- agraph: ‘“Being in a rut” as it is called, is & great deal better than being in a bread line. Many a “rut” is lined at | ated your recent articles on ‘how to| in hand, and tell you | BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. with rose leaves after all’ This para- graph set me to thinking about ruts and ruts, resulting in the following: “For many vears we have heard the admonition to ‘get out of the rut.’ and by that is meant the avoidance of rou- tend, however, if the rut be true and tried and carries one on or toward the desired goal without that it is folly to be forever trying new grtmmd and ways for the sake of nov- elty. “One who travels in a trustworthy rut has time to devote to the beauties along the way, whereas one who travels life’'s journey always on new ground must spend much of his time in finding safe walking. “One would rather argue that the best. thing to do is get into good ruts by living and doing from the first in | the best-known way and so continuing until the action is passed to the sub- conscious and thereafter performed without conscious thought and without hesitation, | “While T am about it. let me thank | you for your ‘catalogies’ and the inter- est you take in the cat family. They {are “a pleasant change and a relief. | Yours truly, U.' s, K." £ 5w | | “Dear Sir: I recently tried your ‘dis- | covery’ for preventing colds with great | success. With the exception of the in- | halant, I followed your instructions ex- | actly, with the result that what prom- ised to be a very severe cold was ward- ed off. I would appreciate it if you could give me the name of the inhalant, as I feel that I should have even better results next time if I use that also. Sincerely yours, (Mrs.) A. K. H.” “Dear Sir: Will you please write the name of the inhalant to be used with lemon soda treatment for colds on the inclosed postcard. I read with interest your article, as I had tried the remedy with good results some time ago, and would like to follow out your directions for perfect results. Thanking you very much. Very truly yours, A. C. P.” From an employe of the United States customs house at New York City: | Sir: As a subscriber to The Washington Star for many years I have always read your articles with great interest, and |the one as to the treatment of colds I | found particularly interesting and pe- culiarly applicable to my own experi- |ence as to colds, etc., especially when |I was living in Washington during the years 1808 to 1923. I propose next Win- ter to try the methods outlined in your article. The details of the treatment are very except as to the f the inhalant used in your case, and if you will kindly send this to me I shall be very grateful. I have been so subject to colds and sore throat that I have been taking a serum treatment which is now, I believe, quite commonly used, but has proved only partly effica- clous in my case. Yours very truly, G.J.B"” “Dear Sir: A friend of mine, knowing that I am fond of animals and always have a few pets, asked me this morning if I had a kitten I would like to give away, or if I knew any one who did. As I have none, I thought of ‘Mrs. Blackie' and wondered if she would like to find & home for one of hers. My friend assured me that the kitten would be well cared for. Very truly yours, E. G. A.” “Dear Sir: Thank you for last night's ‘This and That. I could write you quite an essay on friendship myself. Thanks, too, for your ideas on curing colds. I} Intend to try it. Yours truly, E. R.” These letters show, it seems to us, that people the world around—we think we may say that—are interested not only in debentures but in cats: not alone in peace conferences, but in colds; not solely in government, but in per- sonal problems, such as being in a “rut,” and how best to write when one does write. BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. ‘When the original Constitutional Con- vention adopted the provision in Ar- ticle I, Section 2, it stipulated in the same article and section that the num- ber of Representatives in Congress must be based upon the census and “the number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every 30,000.” ‘When that provision was amended by Article XIV, Section 2, it still pro- vided: ‘'Representatives shall be ap- portioned among the several States ac- cording to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each State” In view of the an- tagonism in the former Confederate States against the Negro vote, provision was made reducing the enumeration to be the basis of representation by de- ducting the number of inhabitants who were denied the State right to vote, but still the basis of representation re- mained resting on the census. The census of 1920 has never been used as & basis of representation, although the population had grown 15 per cent greater than in 1910, and the increases have been very much greater in some States than in others. It might be a fantastic quibble to set up a claim that no Congress of the present decade has been constitutionally made up and that, therefore, their powers were void and all their acts il- legal. What's a_ Cemstitution between friends—or even belween parties, when both parties are involved in its scoflaw? S It is possible that a close presidential election might result in raising the ques- tion of the legality of the delegates to the Electoral College to elect a Presi- dent and Vice President, since the mem- bers of the Electoral College are to be equal to the numbers of Representatives and_Senators of the respective States in Congress, and if that number be proved not legally according to the Con- stitution, then the Electoral College would be illegally made up and be in- competent to elect a President or Vice President. In such case, the election would go to the House of Representa- tives, but that, too, would be illegal and unrepresentative, according to the Con- stitution, hence it could not function in electing a President. No constitu- tional authority would then remain for the legal choosing of any President. Anarchy or a dictatorship must then ensue, according to such authorities as are termed “legalistic.” ‘There are other authorities who con- tend that reapportionment is not mandatory, but that it is “only a con- stitutional duty”—an expression which may yet require serious defining. What is a “constitutional duty” which is not mandatory upon members of Congress sworn to maintain and defend the Con- stitution? What provision of the Con- stitution is it that gives Congress dis- cretionary latitude in providing whi the Constitution directs in articles I and XIV? What is the difference between a “constitutional duty” and a scofflaw policy of partisanism? e e President Hoover appears to have the old-fashloned jdea that the Con- stitution is bigger than Congress and should be respected accordingly; hence, in calling the present special sesgion, he stipulated that action should be taken in compliance with the constitu- tional reapportionment, to bé based on the census. Accordingly, & bill is pend- ing now in Congress, known as the Jones-Vandenberg _bill, providing for the taking of the fifteenth census, and, conjointly with that prevision, also making immediate use of the results of that census, in reapportioning repre- sentation on Congress. So important is this considered that President Hoover, in his message calling the extra session. spoke of them as “matters of emer- gency legislation,” and he urged “their consummation as being in the public interest.” % % % * In previous decades, the laws reg- As yet the straw hat manufacturers have not brought progeedings against g_tglnt of trade. ulating the census were separate from those providing for congressional re- \ apportionment, but with the shirking of the reapportioning, after the 1920 census, the two functions are now more closely related and united into one measure, ‘The Jones-Vandenberg bill as recom- mended by the Senate committee April 23. does mnot directly stipulate reappor- tionment to be made automatically upon the new census, but it provides that the President. shall report to Congress a statement of the population of each State, as ascertained by the decennial census, together with a statement of the number of Representatives to which each State will be entitled, under the formula provided in the last preceding reapportionment act. The results of the fifteenth census will be reported in December, 1930, at the opening of the short session of the Seventy-first Con- gress, and the present method of appor- tionment will apply, as adopted after the census of 1910 will apply. This limits the total membership of the House to 435, uniess a new law be adopted before the expiration of the present. Congress, March 4, 1931. The Constitution does not require a Repre- sentative for each 30,000 population, but it makes 30,000 the minimum basis of representation: the maximum might be 100,000 or 1,000,000, if Congress s0 decreed by law. * o® Kk “The first basis was that of April, 1790, which made it 33,000 for a Representa- tive. That of 1910 was 211,877, based on the 1910 census. The present popula- tion, instead of being 91,972,266, as in 1910, undoubtedly exceeds 120,000,000, or about 30 per cent increase over that of 1910, hence the average number of people represented by one Representa- tive exceeds 280,000 constituents. Some Congressmen represent perhaps 40,000 constituents, while others stand for half amilion. The more than half a million population of the District of Columbia should be enabled to send from two to four members- to the House, in accord with the representation of other constit- uencles. Representative stands for 1,200,000 con- stituents, In the early discussion of apportion- ment, there was proposed an amend- ment in connection with the “Bill of Rights” providing that there should not be less than one Representative for each 50,000 persons, which would have given the District of Columbia now from 10 to 12 Congressmen—if not robbed there- from by special legislation. But on that basis our next House of Representatives, lation, estimated at 123,000,000. would be not less than 2,400 members, in place of 435. * ok ok K The fotal number of seats which would have been affected if reapportion- ment had been decreed on the basis of the 1920 census would have been 12, | but based on the estimate of population !to be found in the coming census, the increased membership will be 23. The changes will be very different for dif- ferent States. California would add 6 Congressmen, Ohio 3, Michigan 4, and several States one or two each, while losses would include for Missouri 3, Towa 2 and several Southern States one each. The predominant loss would be in the South, owing to the limitations by the States on the Negro vote. (Copyright, 1929, by Paul V. Collins.) e Long Live the Lawyer. From the Lansing State Journal. A great legal battle has just been opened at Louisville, Ky., to break an $80,000,000 will. The battle will doubs- Jess be kept up so long as there is & lawyer left alive, ) ng Sing Suggested. From the Ann Arbor Daily News. Those burglars who stole $3.000 worth of canary b.rds at Maplewood, N. J. should be sentencld to Sing Sing. tine ways of doing and living. We con- | undue _{friction, | ¢ | remorse causes the conviction in both 1t has been asserted that one | based upon what is now the total popu- | THE LIBRARY TABLE By the Booklover ‘The Nobel prize for literature for 1928 | was awarded to the Norwegian novelist. Sigrid Undset, for her trilogy, “Kristin Lavransdatter,” a story of thirteenth and | fourteenth century Norway. It was translated into English in three parts— ! “The Bridal Wreath,” “The Mistress of | Husaby” and “The Cross.” It is a novel of social, not political, history, though | the political and military struggles of | the period play some part. Sigrid Undset is the third Norwegian to re- ceive the prize. The others are Bjorn- stjerne Bjornson (1903) and Knut Hamsun (1920). She is now writing 2 four-part novel, “The Master of Hest- i viken,” two parts of which have already | been translated under the titles, “The Axe” and “The Snake Pit.” Norway of the fourteenth century is again the setting. Sigrid Undset is the daughter af one of Norway's foremost archeolo- gists, the late Dr. Ingvaid Undset. In working and studying with her father, she became saturated with the spirit and knowledge of the dramatic period of the Middle Ages, when Norway and Denmark were engaged in continual conflict. | * k¥ % In “The Axe,” the central character is Olav Audunsson, then a boyv. who later became master of Hestviken, a manor on the Oslo flord. “On the south side of the creek the rocks are rounded off in the flord, much lower and less steep: juniper bushes combed flat by the wind and thickets of briar grow in the crevices of the rock, and here and there are short stretches of dry turf. But then the hill rises in a sheer cliff, dark gray and almost bare, facing north: and underneath this crag, which is called the Horse, lies the manor, | fairly high up and turned toward the north. * * * The manor farm of Hestviken was built so that the houses stood in two rows, inclosing a long and narrow courtyard, in which the bare rock cropped out everywhere like a ridge through the midst of it.” In | “The Axe,” Olav's skein of life becomes | tangled from the beginning, because of | the injustice of kinsmen, the weakness | | of his betrothed maiden, Ingunn, and | | his own erime. In “The Snake Pit." | { Olav and Ingunn that all their misfo; | tunes are retribution for their sins. I morse and retribution are a_favorite | theme with Sigrid Undset. Olav has become master of Hestviken, after too long delay he has been married to In- gunn, and to their neighbors their lot | seems fortunate andy enviable. ~ But | their first child is born dead and both secretly feel that their penance has be- gun. When other-children are either born dead or live but a short time. deep | melancholy settles over all the inhabit- ants of Hestviken. * ok ok ok At the end of “The Snake Pit" Ingunn has completed her penance and Olav, having delayed for many years the con- fession and expiation demanded by the | church and the law, is almost ready to | perform what will bring him peace, but is held back by consideration for the son of Ingunn, falsely acknowledged as his own, and by the wish to continue his race. Confession might bring the | death penalty or outlawry,*or it might | be met with a light punishment be- eause of the great excuse for his crime. | He has planned a journey to the shrine of St. Olav at Nidaros. “For now | * % * now I have the courage to do it. When I come thither to the sanctu- | ary, I will confess my sin. Of my own | free will I shall put myself in God's hands, make amends for my offense toward Him and toward the law and justice of my countrymen. * ¢ * 'Tis not certain either that the arch- bishop will demand that I accuse myself before the King's judges. Haply he will deem it enough that I confess my sin before God. I have heard that men have been given absolution for the gravest of sins without being forced to destroy all their kinsfolk's honor and welfare—they were made to do such penance as a pilgrimage to Jeru- salem.” So this volume ends, with Olav's decision still in the balance. The two volumes yet to be published will | continue the story of his life. They| are to be called “In the Wilderness" and “The Son Avenger.” * ok ok X “Who's Who Among the Microbes," by Willlam H. Park and Anna W. Wil- liams, directors of the Bureau of Labo- ratories of the New York City Depart- ment of Health, gives simple and scien- tific information about most of the microbes known in the annals of disease, The microbes are divided into families and a chapter is devoted to each family. The habits of the different microbes, so often disastrous to man, are described and the various measures discovered by sclence to fight them are enumerated. The authors are widely known as the discoverers of the Park-williams diph- theria bacillus No. 8. Dr. Park has been largely responsible for the practice of immunizing school children against dipththeria and Dr. Williams has made discoveries in connection with the treatment of rabies and trachoma. * *® *x Of especial interest in conney | the unquiet news which h: l:et:‘:x"c:::'lt-l ing from China for many years now is the book, “The Far East” by Payson J. Treat of Stanford University. It is a political and diplomatic history, in- tended both as a text book and & work | of reference. The history and develop- ment of China and Japan previous to 1895 are outlined, with attention to geography, commerce, education and religions; then national and interna- ;l;;ena.ln;i‘evelgpmgu from 1895 to 1927 | yzed. Man: value of ‘the book, T 244 to the 5 * X ¥ % “Cavender’s House.” Edwin Ar- lington Robinson's recent narrative poem, the story is extremely subtle, told by suggestion, frequently obscure. Cav- ender, a man of intellect and sensitive feeling, has for some undefined reason caused the death of his wife. Whether he has pushed her over the precipice to her death or has driven her to throw herself over 15 not made clear. Years later he is impelled by an irresistible inner force to go back to the scene cf her death. The deserted house, in the darkness and loneliness of night, seems filled with a threatening spirif. The nerves of the man give way and he feels that his dead wife is confronting him, talking to him. The scene is tense and fraught with tragedy. * Kk ok ¥ Samuel Richardson, an eighteenth century printer, amused himself in his spare time and added small increments to his income by writing letters for servant girls. He became so interested in this occupation that he wrote a novel in the form of letters, relating the ad- | ventures of a virtuous servant girl, Pamela, who resisted the attempts of her employer to seduce her, and was Te. warded by matrimony. “Pamela” was considered one of the most moral books of its period, quite the opposite of its | rival, “Tom Jones,” by Flelding. | miliar Letters on Important Occasion: by Samuel Richardson, with an_intro- { duction by Brian W. Downs of Christ's College, Cambridge, is a selection from the letters which Richardson wrote sd fluently and with such obvious self-sat- isfaction. Mr. Downs has also written a blography, “Richardson.” *ox ok ox The impression made upon Haw- thorne by Tennyson was recorded in the journal of the former and may be found in “The Heart of Hawthorne's Journal,” edited by Newton Arvin. “Tennyson is the most picturesque figure, without af- fectation, that I ever saw: of middle size, rather slouching, dressed entirely in black, and with nothing white about him except the collar of his shirt, which methought might have been cleaner t day before. He had on a black, wid awake hat, with Tound crown and wide, irregular brim, beneath which came | | free. | “mugwump” taken?—E. H. ANSWER 0 QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J HASKIN. This i< a special department devoted solely to the handling of queries. This paper puts at vour disposal the services of an extensive organization in Wash- ington to serve you in any capacity that relates to informatiofi. This service is Failure to make use of it deprives you of benefits to which you are en- titled. Your obligation is only 2 cents in coin or stamps irclosed with your inquiry for direct reply. Address The Evening Star Information _Bureau Frederic J. Haskin, director, Washing- ton, D. C. Q. Are children in cities or in the country healthier>—B. H. A. It is believed that. taken on the whole, city dwellers are healthier than rural dweilers. Dr. Wood of Columbia University says that the need for health | instruction in rural communities is| greater than the need for such instruc- | tion in the cities. | | Q. Was Anselmi, one of the gangsters just killed in Chicago, wanted by the police in Italy?—C. G. A. He came to America in 124 from Sicily_and_ entered the United States illegally. In 1923 an Italian court had issued a warrant for him for attempted | murder and Jater for operating with a band of outlaws. Q. From what language is the word | A It is derived from the Algonquin | Indian. ¥ meant “a great man.” | Q. What was the country that is now Liberia formerly called?—W. 8. A. Liberia is a Negro republic on the west coast of Africa, a country which Was formerly known as “Upper Guinea.” | It extends about 150 miles along the | coast and its area is 43,000 square miles. | Q. Have tight collars anything to do with causing boils on the neck?—J. A. A. The wearing of tight collars seems to be a factor. Q. What were the old dates for quar- | ients of rents in England?- C. H.S. ! A. Lady day (March 25), Midsummer | (June 24). Michaelmas (September | 29) and Christmas are the old quar-| terly rent payment dates in England | and were commonly used as payment | dates for various types of regular in- come, Q. Does Switzerland have either a navy or a merchant marine?—H. McG. A. The Swiss legation says that, in of the geographical location of Switzerland, she is not in & position to maintain & navy, either for war or peace purposes. Q. How much was spent on the re- pairs made on the White House during 1927?2—M. M. | A. The cost of these repairs was | $400,000. Q. How is New Zealand governed? | Can women vote there?>—T. R. W. | A. The Dominion of New Zealand is governed by a Legislative Council of 38 | appointed members and’ a House of | Representatives of 80 members elected | for three years by adult suffrage. | ‘Women have had the privilege of vot- | ing since 1893. Q. When was the first printing brought to the New World?—A. S. i A. The first printing press was | brought to Mexico about 1500. In 1686 | there is a record of one being brought | to Ll;m, Peru, and one in Cambridge | in 1639. | —— | Q. When and where was |the Graf Zeppelin built>—M. L. S. | A. The Graf Zeppelin was built at the Zeppelin_Airship Works at Fried- richshafen, Germany. It was begun press | | non-saccharine sorghum. during the later part of 1926 and com- pleted in 1928, Q. Can W. L. A A. Martins, in swallows, cannot walk. are clipped or injured starvation in a short time are used only for perching. Q. Can rainfall be forced?—W. A. N. A. Attempis to induce rainfall have been made from time to time, the most important being those of Gen. Dyren- forth of the Department of Agriculture in Texas in 1891. Dyrenforth claimed that he successfully produced rain by using explosives, principally giant pow- der, and that raindrops sometimes com- menced to fall within 12 seconds after the initial cxplosions. These results have been questioned, however, and while his theory has not been entirely abandoned. no serious efforts have ever been made to continue the experiments Q. When did the so-called “land rush” in Okiahoma occur?—V. S. A. The lands of Oklahoma were de- clared open to settiement at and after the hour of noon on the 22d of April, 1880. It is reported that upward of 50,000 persons entered the Territory and that between 6.000 and 7,000 were con- veyed from Arkansas City to Gutbrie by rail on the afternoon of the first aay. Q. What is darso?>—G. T. A. Darso is a_grain sorghum of un- known origin. It is probably a cross between a saccharine sorghum and a i Q. At what age do most people graduate from coilege?—B. B. A. The Department of Education says that the average age for graduating from universities in the United States is 23 years. Q. T understand that “The American's Creed.” by Wililam Tyler Page, is com- prised of sentences or phrases taken from different literary _productions. martis (birds) walk?— common with all If their wings they die of Their feet | Can you give me the order in which the creed is composed and the names of the productions from which it is taken?—H. A. H. A. “The United States of America,” preamble, Constitution of the United States. “A government of the people, by the people, for the people,” pre- amble, Constitution of the United States; Daniel Webster's speech in the Senate, January 26, 1830; Abraham Lincoln's Gettysburg speech. ““Whose just powers are derived from the con- sent of the governed,” Thomas Jeffer- son in Declaration of Independence. “A democracy in a republic,” James Madison in the Federalist, No. 10; Article X of the amendments to the Constitution. “A sovereign Nation of many sovereign States,” E pluribus unum, Great Seal of the United States; Article IV of the Constitution. “A per- | fect Union,” preamble to the Consti- tution.” One and inseparable,” Web- ster's speech in the Senate, January 26, 1830. “Established upon those principles of freedom, equality, justice and humanity for which American patriots sacrificed their lives and for- tunes,” Declaration of Independence. “I therefore believe it is my duty to in substance ale’s “The Man Without-a Country.” *“To support its | Constitution,” oath of_ allegiance, sec- tion Revised Statutes of the United States. “To obey its law ‘Washington's Farwell Address; Article VI, Constitution of the United States. To respect its flag.” national anthem, “The Star Spangled Banner”; Army and Navy regulations; War Department cir- cular on flag etiquette, April 14, 1917. “And to defend it against all enemies.” oath of allegiance. section 1757. Re- vised Statutes of the United States. 1757, President’s Tribute to Smith Characteristic of American Life Beeause a bitter campaign was fought | Jast Fall for the presidency. significance | is attached to the form of the gongratu- | lations extended by President Hoover to Alfred E. Smith on the occasion of the award of the Laetare Medal by Notre Dame University to the former New York governor. The President’s tribute to “so distinguished an American” and “s0 gent a public servant” is aceepted as characteristic of American 1life. “President Hoover voices representa- tive American opinion,” says the Cin- cinnati Times-Star, “when he speaks of his erstwhile opponent as a ‘distin- guished American’ and a ‘grédt public servant.” Al Smith is that. His rise from tRe ‘sidewalks of New York,' and the berleficent wizardry by which he made the turbulent forces of Tammany Hall sharers in and supporters of a program that greatly promoted the welfare of the foremost State in the Union, constitute a political romance | not soon to be forgotten.” Of the Hoover message, the Roanoke World-News says: “It is a graceful and sincere tribute that has a good ring. And it is an evidence that. at least among the real leaders, the party system in America is on a higher plane than the politics of Europe. Schenectady Gazette also remarks that in some other countries “a political opponent is a personal enemy,” and that paper adds: “There is no question in those countries of battling through a campaign or at a legislative session, and shaking hands the next day. Per- sonalities dorhinate. That is one of the reasons we look upon our own country as better than others—why we are proud to be Americans. * x ¥ % “This free recognition of worth in public men is one secret of the stabil- | ity of the republic,” agrees the Phila- delphia_Evening Bulletin, cifing other incidents: “Two months ago, when Cal- vin Coolidge retired from the White House, the eulogies which attended mmi into private life were so completely non- | partisan that the Democratic press ap- | peared desirous of vying with stanch | Republican organs in their appreciative | tributes. So it was with Theodore | Roosevelt 20 years ago, while today | Elihu Root, his Secretary of State, is | not simply a Republican sage and leader | in the eyes of his countrymen, but a | distinguished American and great public | servant.” 1t is recalled by the Buffalo Evening | Times that “Gov. Smith,” immediately | upon the news of Mr, Hoover’s clection, | made a noble plea for national kind- | ness and conciliation. * * * The same | spirit_has_expression in the tribute of President Hoover to Gov. Smith.” The | Youngstown Vindicator is convinced | that the letter “will increase the N-~’ tion's feeling that Mr. Hoover is the President, not of the Republican party, | but of all the people”; that “as for Gov. Smith, he has grown i public esteem since the election.” “The President sets a fine example,” declares the Newark Evening News, “in | making courtesy a characteristic of his | administration. His tribute to former | Gov. Smith is gracious and just.” The | Springfield Tllinois State Register asserts | that “the compliment paid by the Pres- | ident was richly deserved by his old | adversary” and that “Al Smith will go | down in history as one of the greatest | and best men of his time.” The Scran- | ton Times suggests that the letter “will | win for Mr. Hoover many friends who supported Gov. Smith in the recent campaign and who heartily thank the President for his tribute to their idol.” The Rock Island Argus looks upon this estimate of the former governor as “much more than a mere pleasant plat- | itude.” for the President “could have merely expressed his congratulations in I i | down his long, black hair, looking ter- ribly tangled; he had a long, pointed beard, too, a little browner than the hajr and not so abundant as to en- cumber any of the expression of his face. His frock coat was buttoned across the breast, though the afterncon was warm.” e T r— stereotyped form.” The Charleston Eve- ning Post gives assurance that “the great body of American citizens who appreciate public service of high merit | will join with President Hoover in his gracious and truthful tribute. * ok ok “It wag an impressive scene, not withe | out its touch of romance.” is the New York Evening World's comment on the ceremony, and that paper continues: “Not so very many years ago a little chap named Hayes and another little fellow named Smith were poor boys on the East Side, with nothing of pomp or power behind them, and nothing of the gort apparent in the future. The other night the little chap named Hayes, wearing the robes of a cardinal of the church, presented the medal for dis- tinguished scrvice to the other little fellow named Smith., who has written his name and fame indelibly upofi” some of the brightest pages of the history of New York, and made a profound and lasting impression upon the millions of the entire Nation. Here was a picture of American democracy worth seeing and remembering.” “The award was made, and justly. because of former Gov. Smith's personal character and public achievements. both of which are of a very high order.” savs the Duluth Herald, which also sees, in {the “graceful act of the President, a just recognition of a gallant opponent who was a good fighter and a good loser.” The Herald avers it is “alway pleasing to see high honors go where they belong.” 5 =i “Gov. Smith not only merits the award.” according to the Memphis Com- mercial-Appeal, ‘“‘but people of every faith will rejoice in the recognition that has been accorded him. The Catholic Church has reason to be proud distinguished member of its faitl Jersey City Journal attests that Smith well merited the medal.” a thinks that “it would be greatly to the advantage of the States and the Na- tion—and to the cities, too—if there | could be a larger number of public serv- ants deserving the recognition of their churches for good performance in pub- lic office.” “No more suitable occasion could have been discovered by President Hoover,” thinks .the Hartford Courant, “upon which to pay publicly his respects to his opponent. * * * He is to be congratu- lated that he seized the opportunity presented to him by the University of Notre Dame to reaffirm in a striking manner his high regard for Gov. Smith as a man and a public servant.” Wade Hampton’s Life Achievements Lauded From the Charlotte (N. C.) Observer. Statuary Hall, in the National Capi- tal, will soon make room for the like- ness of Wade Hampton, Confederate Cavalry leader in the War Between the States, late Governor of South Carolina, and who has often been referred to as the South's greatest soldier, her most devoted son and one of her most devout patriots. o With the announcement that Hamp- ton’s likeness will be placed beside those of other empire builders, the remarkable carcer of this great South Carolinfan, his brilliant achievements during the Civil War, the record of the turbulent period in 1876 when he was elected gov- ernor of the State, and finally wrested his State from the rule of Negro and the carpetbagger, are recalled. The achievement of this man, who proposed to Jefferson Davis, President of the Southern Confederacy, following the surrender at Appomattox, that the war be continued west of the Mississippi, and who offered his services to the commander-in—chief -of the Southern armies (o carry out this proposal, are written in blazing letters throughout the history of this most trying period in the life of South Carolina. Hampton is an outstanding figure in South Carolina history., His labors for the rehabilitation of his State after the war were as great as his achievement as a soldier. There is no slur upon the record of this great man. It is fitting that his »- me should rest with those of :fivugwa‘ irom other Staies in Statuary all,