Evening Star Newspaper, November 11, 1928, Page 4

CITY PAYS TRIBUTE ON ARMISTICE DAY President and Patriotic So- cieties Celebrate War’s End- ing—Wilson Honored. _(Continued From First casion will be the eighth pilgrimage on Armistice day to honor him. The same committee attending the services today, | composed of Mrs. Kate Trenholm Ab- rams, Mrs. Huston Thomoson, Mrs. H. E. C. Bryant, Mrs. Blair Bannister and Oliver P. Newman, former District Commissioner, gathered in front of the Wilson heme ‘on November 11, 1921, to pay him _tribute. A wreath of olive branches will be | placed on the tomb by a Boy Scout and a procession through the Cath-dral erypt will bring the principals in the ceremonics to Bethlehem Chavpel, where the body lies. Music be provided by the male choir. Active mn_the prn-l cession will be members of George | Washington Post, No. 1, American Legion, of which President Wilson was a member. To take care of those who will not be able to get into Bethlehem Chapel, amplifiers have been installed, and the service will be audible in the Chapel of St. Joseph of Arimathea and the Chapel of the Resurrection and its adjacent ante-chapel. The ceremonies will be broadcast over station WRC. At the zero hour, 11 o'clock, repre- | scntatives of the seven war service or- ganizations, active overseas during the | war, the Y. M. C. A, Y. W.C A, War| Camp Community Service. Jewish Wel- fare Board, American Library Associ- | ation, the National Catholic War Coun- | cil and the Salvation Army, will place a wreath on the Tomb of the Unknown | Soldier and bow in prayer in a brief | interval between the sounding of “Roll Call” and “Taps,” by Richard Babcock, Boy Scout bugler. This afternoon disabled war veterans | will be the guests of honor of the Wash- ington Co-operative Vesper Concert organization and the American Red Cross at an Armistice day concert at the Washington Auditorium, at which three concert artists, Louisz Lerch of the Metropelitan Opera Co., Dr. Henry F. Seibert, organist at New York's town hall, and Sigmund Spacth, critic and writer on music, will be the prin- cipal attractions. The blind, the halt and the maimed of the World War, represented in the | local membership of the Disabled | American Veterans, will pay homage t> their unknown “buddy” today at his tomb in Arlington National Cemetery. Led by their sturdier comrades mdl headed by local and national officers of the organization, Washington's disabled service men will make their pilgrimage ' to the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier at 12:30 p.m. today. The brief and simple ceremonies at the tomb will mark the climax of the three-day Forget-me-not drive of the local department of the D. A. V. A wreath of forget-me-nots, entwined with other flowers, will be laid upon the marble slab. The exercises are under the direction | of Capt. Thomas Kirby, chairman of | Is the D. A. V. national legislative com- mittee, and Capt. Fred Kochli, depart- | ment commander for the District of Columbia. Bishop Freeman, speaking at the ‘Washington Cathedral, will ask his im- mediate listeners and his radio congre- gations to send their contributions for the relief of the needy disabled service men of Washington and their families, to Robert N. Harper, president of the District National Bank, treasurer of the forget-me-not fund.. .} Chaplains to Visté, Tomb. Early this morning the chaplains who were present at the interment of the Unknown tgolamer made another pilgrimage to the shrine. - They were 10 be accompanied by Staff Sergt. Prank ‘Witchey, who blew “Taps” at the tu- neral and will repeat the soldiers’ re- quiem at. the close of the exercises of the chaplains, The ceremony was to begin at 8:45 o'clock. The chaplains who participated in the burial service were: Cal. John T. Axton, then chief of Army chaplains, now retired, and | chaplain of Rutgers University; Rabbi | Morris S. Lazaron of the Baltimore Hebrew | Congregation; Right Rev. Charles H. Brent, bishop of Western New York, senior chaplain, A. E. F, and Capt. John B. Frazier, U. 8. N, | retired, director of chaplains’ affairs in | the Navy. | Others who will make the pilgrimage to the Tomb.of the Unknown Soldier | today are the Gold Star and American | ‘War Mothers, and members of the Ju- nilor Order, United American Mechanics. | ‘The service flag of the American | War Mothers will be unfurled from the | flagpole at the dome of the Capitol at | 11 o'clock this morning with the annual | ceremony that has attended the fli.!lngi o the flag there every Armistice day. Beginning at 11 o'clock this morning @old_Star Mothers will place Amer-| ican flags at each of the 535 memorial trees on Sixteenth street, completing | the work with a short service at the| first memorial tree at Sixteenth street and Alaska avenue. At this service/ Chaplain A. C. Oliver of Walter Reed Hospital will lead the prayer and Judge Robert Mattingly of Municipal Court will deliver a short address. | The General Federation of Women's | Clubs will place a wreath of chrysan-| themums and galax leaves on the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Arlington National Cemetery. Mrs. Edgar -B. Meritt, president of the District of Cq lumbia Federation of Women's Clubs, will place the wreath on the tom®, | The Federation also will pay homage to the memory of Gen. Jose San Margin | by placing a wreath of pink chrysan- | themums on his monument in Judiciary | Square on Monday. Mrs. E. W. Chaffee, | vice president of the Maryland Fed- eration of Women's Clubs, and Mrs. Bride will be in charge. ——— VETERAN OF 2 WARS | CLAIMED BY DEATH| ——e. 1 Capt. James F. Woods Dies Sud- | denly—Funeral Is Set for Tuesday. Capt. James F. Woods, 58, TRinois avenue, veteran of the Spanish- American and Wotld Wars, died sud- denly yesterday at his residence of complications which developed after an operation a little more than a weck ago. Capt. Woods was born in Jowa and saw 30 years' service in ths Regular Army. During the lat> war he was stationed at Brunswick., Ca., and New- port News, Va. retiring immediately after the signing of the Armisti During the Span‘sh-American War served in ‘Le Philippis and HAenolulu. He is survived by his widow, Mrs. Elizabeth Woods; a daugher, Margaret Elisabeth Woods, and two sons, Wil- liam M. and Charles R. Woods. Funeral services will be conducted from St. Gabriel's Church at 9 am. Tuesday. Burial will b in Arlingion National Cemetery. . A dozen woman ministers recently held a conference in th> Oxford (Eng- land) Congregationcl Church. There were representatives from th» Unitarian, Baptist_and Congregational Churches, the only denominations which admit women in their ministry. All but two 'of the women wore academic dress and Emfi of them were shingled and wore stockings and skirts, short, 4807 | THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, THE WORLD Note—Gen. Mordasg, the guthor of this’ series of flve articles, is telling for the first time exactly ‘ohat happened behird the ‘scenes on the occasion of 1he signing of the armistice, is esvectally fited ' for the assignment. As tre Hmk between Clemencebu and Foch. he was one of the three men who dictated the stice ‘fo the Gernans. Mordacq is be:t Frarwn ifnry subjects, @ tac- ary’ colonizer. d war he commanded 4 brignde and ¢ tician_and a mi he Worl at the front he wns ord ohbtaired s . he was all the Ris | military advisor. Then for_two vears he did kot quit the side of Clemenceat. The Day of November 8, 1918. S the days and the years go by, th> eyewitnesscs of the great | events of th> World War (1914~ 1918) rea'ize, not without stupe- faction, that thz strangest, often weirdest, logends have sprung up, and little by litile, end by replacing the truth, The armistice in particular has given birth in th2 press as well as in the histories to really fantesiical stories. For that reason it bacomes apparent to those of us who assisted first-hand in the outstanding even’s of ths war that it is a duty to furnish to history and to posterity ‘a truthful account of what really happened, and that is what prompted me to write this series of articles. One of the qusctions which most troubles public opinion is that cf th» date of the signing of th> ermistice. meny in fact, are those who press sstonishment that on Movem- or 11, 1918, the zllics shou'd have co ice with th» Germ» n Germany was in {h» olution and espacielly that the ellies’ strategic mane raine, makinz use of th> German's own lines of communication, promised to give incalculable results,”not only stra- tegic but political as well. In fact, it is a certainty that if the allies had continued the war a few weeks longer they could have obtained. espe- cially from the moral point of view. more considerable results. But, as we shall see in thes articles, it had to be known that Germany was seized in a revolution which would chang> her political character and that the German soldiers no longer wanted to fight. The allies did not know these things, end therein les the reason. Status on November 8, Before starting any recriminations and any accusations, it is best to refer to the actualities—that is, to go back to the epoch. to November 8, 1918, and assume the roles of those statesmen and generals who at that time, conducted the war. In a word, it is indispensable, if we are to judge their acts fairly, to con- sider, before everything else, the reali- ties and to give great consideration to the psychology of the situation. It appears to me that the best way to arrive at a fair conclusion is to live over again the few days preceding No- vember 11, 1918, the never-to-be-for- gotten date of the signing of the arm- tice. I will not refer to the preliminaries of the armistice, which are well estab- lished and known. I recall only that the Germans after having exchanged various notes with Mr. Wilson sent him another October 27, 1918, with the view of obtaining an armistice. President Wilson, after obtaining the opinion of his allies, replied to the Germans that they had but to conform to the laws of war ‘and, consequéntly, to address themselves to the commander-in-chief z{d(he allies at the front, which they Meanwhile the allies among them- selves had drafted the definite terms of an armistice which was to be imposed upon the Germans. On this subject, new legends are still being heard every day. What do they not say now about the discussions that occurred between the allies on this subject? The day will come when I shall bring to this question also all the light of truth. For the present, I confine myself to the statement that during all these dis- cussions—and as long as there will be allles in wars the discussions will be long and numerous—there were but two men who arose to protest against this armistice and urged a continuation of the war.” The men were Gen. er Bliss, one of the generals of the World ‘War, who had the clearest insight in matters pertaining to war, and myself. Gen. Bliss was always convinced that, despite the weakened condition of the British and French armies, we should and must continue the fighting because the German army was even more weakened and, on the other hand, the American Army, fresh and young, asked only to fight. For myself, after having insisted as much as I dared that we start the strategic attack in Lorraine, I would not accept that we speak of an armi- stice before having obtained the results of that Lorraine offensive, which should have been considerable. This is an- other question that I shall take up some day to show that, even by sign- ing the armistice on November 11, 1918, it would have been possible to have launched the Lorraine attack earlier. Clemenceau and Foch. Once the terms of the armistice were fixed, however, there remained only the necessity to make them known to the Germans. Two men were charged with this task. M. Clemenceau, the political director of the war, and Marshal Foch I'as commander in chief of the allied armies. ‘That is why Marshal Foch went to | Rethondes to negotiate, at first hand, with the German plenipotentiaries, and I remained in Paris to maintain liason between Foch and the office of the president of the council, M. Clemen~ ceau. To ‘live over those historic days of November 8, 9, 10 and 11, it is my plan to tell, hour by hour, just what gnp- pened in Parls os a result of a series of telephone cal's from Marshal Foch and then to tell just what happened at Rethondes, using as documentation a written report handed to ms scveral | GEN. JOHN PERSHING RESTS AFTER THE WARS WAR ARMISTICE Day by Day Negotiations Ten Years Ago By General Mordacq (Military Secretary to Clemenceau.) days later by one of the eye witnesses, | | and not a minor one either. | morning, Marshal envoys at Rethondes. a telephone call advised M. Clemenceau of the meeting. At 9:30 o'clock I tele- plioned to Gen. Weygard, who was | chizf of staff to Marshal Foch, advis- |ing him that in my opinion Foch | should insist upon the complete with- ]Tyrol. Ttaly had just sent a very in- | sistent telegram to that effect and the Italian Ambassacdor himself had tele- | phoned to insist particularly upon that point. Gen. Weygard telephoned to me at 9:45 o'clock that “the Germans instead of confining themselves to a discussion of the questions concerning the armi- stice sought to sound out the general | conditions of peace which would b2 im- pesed on them.” I telephoned to Marshal Foch, Ml 10:05 o'clock, for M. Clemenceau, the message that “At no pretext was he to discuss peace conditions with the | Germans,” If the German delegates returned to that subject, Foch was in-| structed to dodg> their quesiions and | to make them understand that he as a soldier could charg> himself only with negotiating the armisticc and that the conditions of peace were affairs to be settled by the government. About 11 o'clock, Marshal Foch telephoned and had me advise M. Clemenceau that the Germans insisted very much on obtain- | ing an immediate suspension of fighting, | even befors any agreement had been reachzd on the armistice conditions. Sugzestion of Germans. | They stressed thd importance and | | the interest which we all had in stop- | | ping as soon as possible the flow of | | blood, and that during the long war there had been too much blood shed to continue to shed it uselessly. Coming from the Germans, thomselves, these | suggastions were really very suggestive. At 11:20 o'clock, I telephoned Foch to advise the Germans once and for all that no suspension of arms would b2 allowed until they had signed the | armistice, | Fech then told them plainly and without mincing words, the decision | of the allled governments. There be- ing nothing clse to do, the Germans insisted no longer. Paris was wild with excitement. It was generally known, and fairly ac- curately, the conditions that had been | imposed on the Germans and every one at that time wondered with anguish whether the Germans would accept the conditions which appeared draconian. During the day I received the visit of many parliamentarians and diplo- mats, and none of them thought of criticizing the terms, although the Eng- | lish diplomats, like Lloyd George and Marshal Haig, were inclined to believe that the allies had imposed too harsh terms ¢n the Germans. All of these visitors, parliamentarians, diplomats and generals, French and { foreign, showed clearly their anxiety and awaited with impatience, and a sort of a patriotic fever, the result of the negotiations. The crowds became so great in my office, that at a certain time I was obliged, as was M. Clemen- ceau in his office, to lock my door during several hours. Not only during that day, but in the days that followed, I never heard one of these parliamentarians, generals, diplomats or journalists make the slightest allusion to the real situation in Germany, which, as a matter of fact, was known to but few in France. one among the allies was accurately in- formed as to exactly what was hap- pening in Germany during those first | days in November. Wilson’s Position. It has been said, repeatedly, that Mr. Wilson and the American diplomats knew the exact situation on the other side of the Rhine. I have no proof | that I can present against such aj statement, but, on the other hand, no one has ever been able to bring me the | slightest proof in support of that con- | tention. How can we believe, as a final proof, that if Mr. Wilson knew the facts the American Ambassador in Paris did not immediately advise M. Clemenceau? | Furthermore, when, on the morning of November 11, 1918, I announced the | news of the signing of the armistice to Col. House, a perfect speciman of an honest man and gentleman, a sincere | friend of Prance, I recall how aston- | ished he was and how his face reflected | his happiness, which seems to prove | that he was not better informed then | we were. | It must not be forgotten that at this time Col. House was kept informed by Mr. Wilson concerning all diplomatic | and political affairs involving the allies. 8o thus there is another legend to de- stroy—that which would maintain that America was better informed of Ger- many’s true condition than we or the British were. What could have been known, any- how, which would have had any in- fluence on negotiations then under way? Absolutely nothing. Evidently scrious trouble had broken out jn Germany, but on November 8 Wilhelm II was still Emperor, Max of Baden was still chan- cellor and order reigned in Berlin. It was not until the next day, November 9, when the curtain went up on the great drama of the Hohenzollerns and Germany. It was only the next day, and at 2:15 o'clock in the afternoon, that Wilhelm abdicated. ‘Thus, on November 8, when the Ger- mans arrived at Rethondes to negotiate the armistice, the allles found them- es face to face with representatives of the actual German government, none other than the imperial government. Gen. Weygand and Gen. Desticker, chief of the general staff, kept me con- stantly informed, telephonically. of the progress of negotiations. Around noon I received a call an- | nouncing that everything was pro- gressing smoothly and that a courier would start immediately with an urgent i On November 8, at 9 oclock in the | Foch assisted by Admiral Sir Wamyss and Admiral Hope | of the British navy, met th> German | At 9:10 oclock | | drawal of the Bavarian troops from the | | ments to local heroes. | will dedicate new monuments. It cannot be repeated too often. No |1 D. C, NOVEMBER 17, 1928—PART 1. HILARITY GIVES WAY TO SOLEMNITY IN FRENCH ARMISTICE CELEBRATION AS TEN YEARS HAVE PASSED BY AND NATION HAS ONLY SAD RECOLLECTIONS OF MEN LOST IN WORLD WAR Special Church Services and Visits to Cemeteries Will Be Features. PEOPLE APPEAR IN BLACK Inhabitants of Alsace and Lorraine, However, Will Have Feles. By the Associated P PARIS, November 10.—France shows less and less inclination to celebrate the signing of the armistice Notember 11, 1918. with noise and merrymaking. The ceremonies become more solemn each year, more a tribute to war heroes and thanksgiving for deliverance from war. There is almost none of the wild gaiety of the first Armistice day in_evidence. ‘The tenth Armistice day promises to be the most earnest and reverent France has yet celebrated. Time scems to be wiping out memories of the mad celebration on that first historic day, leaving only the sad recollection of men lost and homes broken up. Throughout France quiet, solemn cere- montes are planned, most of them at the foot of war cenotaphs or monu- Many towns In Alsace and Lorraine, returned to France by the Versailles treaty, there will be fetes to celebrate their tenth year under the French tri-color. But Paris and the majority of towns and cities will observe the day with official ceremonies more solemn than jubilant. The mass of citizens will attend special church services, and many will visit military cemeteries. black on Armistice day in memory of the dead: Paris, which becomes just the big town of France when it is most deeply moved, will celebrate the day as simply as one of the villages. Despite the majestic setiing of the ceremony which takes place each year at the Arc de Triomphe at 11 o'clock, the spirit of the occasion is as humbly earnest as that in any market town. No special plans were made for this year's cele- bration. Custom has already prescribed the procedure of Parisian ceremonies beside the grave of the Unknown Sol- dier cach November 11. There are dignitaries of the nation, French people don | The impressive Armistice day ceremonies in France this year will be in contrast to the wild scenes of the first Armi- | stice day in 1918, such as that on the grand boulevards of Paris (upper left). An American sailor, a Red Cross nurse, and | are seen having a little international celebration that day (upper right). Below is the parade of Armistice day leaving the Arc de Triomphe and the Tomb of the Unknown. two British soldie: colors las usually the president of the republic, Marshal Foch, the premier and mar- shals and generals who commanded armies during the war. Color guards of every regiment march up the Champs Elysces between quiet rows of people dressed in black. They reverently salute the Unknown Soldier and stand at attention while simple speeches are made. Then the “Marseillaise” is played by military trumpets, and when the national anthem has died away, trumpets sound three silvery calls which echo and re-echo in the high | arches above the tomb of the unknown. Those blasts symbolize the cessation of fighting on th2 war fronts of Europe. Yor two minutes th2 people bow their heads in prayer. When officialdom and | military men have paid their honors at | the soldier's shrine civilians file past th: tomb. A steady stream of humanity flows by a!l day. At sunset the pave- ment around is covered with flowers, single blossoms, country and hothouse bouquets and formal wreaths of laurel and immortelles offcred by governments, cities and organizations. { In hamlets and towns, after similar ceremonies of morz modest proportion, flowers are laid at the foot of tablets and war monuments commemorating | the local war heroes. Sometimes there are dances, concerts or fairs in the evening, but for the most part the people go quictly to their homes to prepare themselves for the work of next day with a good night's sleep. PERSHING IN WEST ON ARMISTICE DAY General Is at Bedside of Sis- ter, Who Is Recovering From Operation. The tenth anniversary of the armi- stice finds the foremost actor on the mist-veiled stage of the Valley of the ‘Meuse devoting himself to projects of peace and remembrance. Gen. John J. Pershing, commanding general of the A. E. F., whose guns 10 years ago were roaring their way toward the Moselle behind the retreating Ger- | mans, today is interested primarily in providing sultable memorials for those who fell and in bullding & cathedral which shall stand to the ages as & symbol of peace and forgiveness, Gen, Pershing is absent from Wash- ington today at the bedside of a sister who is recovering from an operation in Lincoln, Nebr. Memorial Work. He is chairman of, the American Battle Monuments Commission. The duties of this office, it was said at the War Department yesterday, take up the greater part of his time. He recently has completed securing titles for the land after several trips to France and he soon will cross the ocean again to supervise the start of construction. The work involves providing memorials on the battleflelds themselves and in build- ing chapels in the American cemeteries. His next major interest is as chair- man of the building fund commission of the National Cathedral in Washing- ton. This project is very closz to his heart. Consulted by Army. Gen. Pershing no longer is active in affairs of the Army. He has been com- missioned by Congress a general of the armies for life, but his position is en- tirely consultive, since the structure of the Amarican Army provides no active duties for a full general. He maintains his office at the War Department, how- ever, and frequently is consulted on perplexing questions that arise in mili- tary administration. Actually, Gen. Pershing retired from active duty in 1925. He is now 67 years old. But the years have passed lightly over his head since that November of 1918 when the strange silence of peace fell suddenly over the endless miles of ruined villages, shattered forests, barb- ed wire and debris-strewn fields. He looks like a man of 50. note from Marshal Foch for the minis- try of war. He arrived at about 3 o'clock and I hurrled the note up to M. Clemenceau, whose offices were on the first floor. I found him in confer- ence with M. Pichon, minister of for- eign affairs, and M. Rene Renoult, president of the army committee of the Chamber of Deputies. “I have good news, Mr. President,” I cried as I opened the door. It was, in fact, an account of the ne- gotiations announcing that the Ger- mans had accepted in principle the armistice conditions. They made the resorvation, however, that they present certain observations and, before sign- ing, insisted upon conferring with their government. M. Clemencean read through the re- port and then I felt him rest his eyes upon mine and stare for several min- utes. Finally tears came to his eyes, holding his head in his hands he cried softly. Never, either before or during the war, had I ever scen him betray such emotions. But in an instant he shook off his emotion, sat up briskly and said: “It's absurd, I am no longer master of my nerves. They are | stronger than I am, but just then, all of a sudden, I saw again 1870, the de- feat, the disgrace, the loss of Alsace and Lorraine, and now all that is wiped out. Can it be only a dream? I hurried to his side and grabbed his hands. “For a minute, Mr. President you did lose control of your nerves but aren't such emotions sacred and consequently most natural?” I recall this incident because it shows better than any words could describe the state of mind we were all in, com- mencing with the greatest of all those at the head of the war in France. Be- sides, it exposes the spirit of this man who, behind a rough visage and a repu- tation of inflexibility w] him the name of “Tiger,” has an excel- lent heart, visible to thos2 who know him well and is sensitive in character. How many time have I witnessed these " J, PERSIHING. 4 ~—Xarris-Ewing Photo, serges of emotion such as that I have ust described. 4 (Copyright, 1928.,) ch brought | Cryptic Message by Clemenceau Is Victory’s Echo By the Associated Press. PADIS, November 10.—Georges Clemenceau, “Father of Victory” of France, today gave out a brief and cryptic message on the oc- casion of the tenth anniversary of the armistice. “To my way of thinking,” the aged statesman said, “the best way of celebrating this greet day is for each individual to draw from his own conclusions.” JOHN A. GOTTSMAN DIES AT PIMLICO RACE TRACK Identity Is Established by Letter in Pocket—Was in Busi- ness Here. A 60-year-old man, later identified by police as John A. Gottsman, an electroplater, of 1238 E street north- east, fell dead yesterday afternoon at the Pimlico race trick. His identity was traced through nl letter found in his pocket bearing his name and the address of his bu establishment at 150 Plerce stree It was learned that he and his wife, Mrs. Elsie Gojtsman, left Washington ves- terday to visit their daughter, Mrs. | Helen Knock, in Baltimore. i PENN'S BODY FOUND BURIED IN ENGLAND Keystone - State Man Would Have It Removed to | American Grave. By the Associatod Press. MEADVILLE, Pa-—Near a lonely by- way in rural England, unmarked save | | for a small stome, lies the body of Wil- liam Penn, founder of the State of, Pennsylvania. | _The Quaker Iadgr's burial plot, | shadowed by mighty trees and sur-| | reunded by an old fence, was discovered | ! last Summer by Arthur L. Bates, former | Representative from Pennsylvania, who | | toured Europe with his family. i Bates has started a movement to have | | Penn’s body removed to Pennsylvanie | rand a suitable monument erected to ‘mark his grave. Almost Illegible. He savs Penn’s grave, near an_un-| | Improved dirt road 13 miles from Lo don, is in danger of being entirely for- gotten. The lettering on the tombstone, he says, is almost illegible. ‘The burial plot, which, Bates reports, eppears to b a private ene, also con- tains the bodies of Penn's two wives, Nation's First Aerial Rules Chicago Airport With Iron Hand ‘The first aerial traffic policeman has been assigned to duty at the big Chi- cago municipal airport, one of the busiest air traffic centers in the United | States. Clad in white uniform and carrying two flags, one a red stop signal and the other a starting signal, he rules the runways with an iron hand. He| has the backing of a Chicago municipal ordinance, and the flyer who disregards his signals loses his right to fly for a period determined by the gravity of the offense or is subject to a fine. News of the new traffic regime has just been brought to Washington by an official of the Department of Commerce, who has had a personal demonstgation of the efliciency of the system. “I had an appointment at a nearby flying field at 6:20 am., and I had little time to spare,” the official said. “There was not the least bit of air traffic in sight as I taxied out of the Traffic O’fficer main runway. The policeman was on | another runway. I waved to him to let | him know I hadn't deliberately disre- garded him and that I would explain when T came back. | “When I got back that afternoon | they had it all fixed up for me. I was grounded for a day and warned that I would be kept on the ground for two days the next time. They treat every one alike there and they make their| rules stick.” Planes preparing to take off at the airport taxi out to the proper runway and await the signal of the policemen. In Janding they obsy the ordinary rules | of the air governing landings and then await the stenal! of the policeman to taxi up to the “line” in front of the hangars. | With a constant flow of airplane trafic at the Chicago airport it was found necessary to put the policeman | on cuty to prevent collisions on the line and took off diagonally across the e HOT WATER —in your furnace does not give you hot water fc pay for it in fuel obstructed. The one time and no other times. (Instantcnecus or Storage Types) Gas Heated —give you an unlimited supply of clean HOT WATER with even tem- perature at small expense. ESTIMATES FREE Edgar Morris Sales Co. 1305 G St. N.W. Piitsburg Water purchased THE GAS CO. or YOUR PLUMBER runways. Coil or nothing. You The fire box is water is too hot t hot enough at Main 1032 Heaters can be also from lfmritlcx concerning removal of the Gu'ielma 2and Hannah, and their| children. ‘The former Congréssman suggests that the condition of the State founder’s | resting place be called to the attention of Gov. Fisher of Pennsylvania in the hope that he may recommend to the Legislature the aoppointment of a com- mission to negotiate with British su- body. Should officials of Great Britein refus> consent to removal of the body | Mr. Bates suggests permission be ob- | tained to erect a monument on the present grave. Penn’s Grant. Penn acquired what is now Pennsyl- vania—48,000 squ miles fronting on the Delaware River—through a grant of King Charles II, to square a debt owed by the monarch to Penn’s father. Accompanied by 100 English Quakers, Penn arrived at his tract in 1682 and laid out the city of Philadelphia. After watching his territory develop Penn returned to England, where he died in 1718. His title to the State was apparently good, for as late as 1790 the property rights of his descendants were acquired by the American Con+ gress for $650,000. RUHR PROSPERITY HIT. Lockout Already Costs Workers Nearly $3,000,000 in Wages. ESSEN, Germany, November 10 (#).— The widespread and baneful effects of the lockout are being increasingly felt in all branches of trade and commerce in the Ruhr district. It was estimated today that iron and steel workers alone have lost nearly $3,000,000 in wages. In addition there have been the diminished earnings of miners, trans- port workers and other operatives de- pending on the iron indusiry who have been working only part time. It is safe to say that 1,000,000 per- sons, including the dependents of those locked out, have been directly B0Y SEOUTS HONER INKWOWN SULDER | Airplanes Circle Over Tomb as Armistice Day Observ- anse Is Begun. The Nation's Capital began its ob- servance of the tenth anniversary of the signing of the armistice in reveren- tial mood vesterday as 500 Boy Scouis marched over th» low-lying hills of Ar- lington Cemetery to the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, where a wreath of red and yellow chrysanthemums was placed in behalf of the Boy Scouts of America. Six Army aitplanes dipped and circled over the Tomb, perhaps that of a fellow flyer who went down under German bullets, as the long procession of Boy Scouts filed slowly around the Amphi- theater and took position fn front of the Tomb. The roar of the motors and the muffled footsteps of the Scouts drowned out the sharp clicking of Pri- vate Dennis Crockett's heels as he paced back and forth on his solitary tour of sentinel duty before the resting place of the Unknown. After the formation had swung into position and the colors had been massed, Scout Richard Babcock, council bugler, stepped forward and sounded roll call. Two Eagle Scouts—Richard Buddeke and Wagner Lawder—picked up the wreath and laid it on the Tomb. Heads were bowed as all stood silent for one minute. ‘White-Haired Mother Weeps. Standing alone, some distance back from the crowd, a white-haired mother wept quietly as«#he seconds passed. At a signal from the master of cere- monies, Scout Babcock again took posi- tion in front of the Tomb and blew taps—the soldier's last salute. The final note died away over the hills and Pvt. Crockett resumed his steady pacing— back and forth. The Scouts re-formed their lines and marched on to the grave of another hero, where a similar cere- mony was performed. The excitement, combiaed with bad colds, was too much for two of the youngsters, and they collapsed during the services in front of the Tomb. They were Edward Sharps, 13, of Troop 3, and William Heygster, 9, of Troop 49. Neither of the boys was in a serious condition, but both were in tears when their parents placed them in automo- biles and drove them home. After the wreath had been placed, George E. Hamilton, president, District of Columbia Council, Boy Scou's of America, the speaker for the occasion, was introduced by Barry Mohun, Scout commissioner. Mr. Hamilton eulogized the sacrifices of the boys wha were killed cverseas and spoke of the significance of the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier to American youth. It should serve as an undying in- spiration to all Scouts t. attain the ideal of Scouthood, he suid, which is “service to fellow man, ccuntry and ‘humanity.” ‘Tribute to Gen. Brett. From the Tomb of the Unknown the Scouts marched to the grave of Brig. Gen. Lloyd Brett, former vice president of the District of Columbia Council, Boy Scouts of America. After the minute of silence in his memory, taps were blown. At the grave of Lieut. Edward Comegy’s World War aviator and for- mer Boy Scout, a similar ceremony was performed in the presence of Licut. Comegy's mother, who has attenced these services for the past thres years. Other ‘graves visited by the Scouts were those of Maurice Snyder, former membar of Troop 10, who was killed in Prance, and Lawrence Azbell, World War veteran, who was Scoutmaster of ‘Troop 63 after his return from France. He died in Walter Reed Hospital. The Scouts formed at the west gate of the cemetery at 10:30 o'clock under the supervision of Col. E. L. Mattice, master of ceremonies. He was assisted by Linn C. Drake, acting as host; Maj. Lester G. Wilson, commanding officer; Capt. Charles A. Bell, commander of the council unit, and Lieut. John H. J. Thomas, commander of the second or Troop unit. Eagle Scouts George Spann, Robert Bourke and Guy Church, jr., formed the special guard of honor for the Scouts carrying the wreath. Mount From Right Side. The American Indian, says the Path- finder ~magaziry, usually mounts a horse from the animal’s right side in- stead of from the left, as the white man does. The Bureau of American Eth- nology believes this custom originated early in the history of the Indian’s ex- perience with the horse, when the war- rior, carrying his bow in the left hand, found it more convenient to mount his aflected and their purchasing powers are so badly hit that the local stores | are doing only half.their normal busi- ness. horse from the right side. Since dis- carding the bow he has continued to mount in the same manner as a matter of custom. T R YT, Put all your bills in one bag .. convenie ONTH after month . . . curreat bills also payable from ruaning pay off at nt terms old bills long past due . . . . . . and not enough left over expenses to clear them off. Let us suggest this rolief. Pay off all your bills with a Morris Plan loan . . . them all in one bag. Then pay them off at convenieat ur:: Morris Plan has removed the thousands. Personal loans are made to people in life. Bring your money worries of countless 1 walks of lems in to us. We will gladly talk them over with you, and show you how to clear the way for futare ness. suceess and happ; Morris Pl Under Supervision an Bank U. S. Treasury 1408 H Street Northwest