Evening Star Newspaper, January 16, 1928, Page 8

TPF® EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Fdition. WASWINGTON, D. C. MONDAY.. THEODOR™ W. NOYES. ...Editor The Evening Star Nn\;mnrr Company Business Offior 1110 St and Pennesivania Ave. New York Ofice: 110 East 42nd St Chieags Offce: Tower Building European Office’ 14 Resent St., London, Eneland, Rate by Carrier Within the City. The Evening Star. ... 43¢ per month The Frening and Sinday &tar (uhen 4 Sundaye) . The Frening and Sund: when 5 Sundays) The Sundar Star ner cony Coliertion made a1’ th month v be sent in by mail or felephone 200, 60c per month Star . .83 per month Ma Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. vland and Virginia. day. ... 1vr. S900:1mo DNl S6 0001 ma v S3.00; 1 mo ANl Other States and Canada. Pats and Sunday 1 xr. S1500 1 mo . $1.00 J15r. X8.00: 1 mo 1yr. S400 1 mo., Member of the Associated Press. A3 Trees 1e exclnavels entitled of A1l maws A Pan-American Doctrine. In his message at Havana President Coalidge conceives pan-Americanism as an international doctrine which assures the nations of the Western Hemisphere | & continued advancement in an at- mosphere of peace and co-operation, chile placing upon them certain obliga- in the establishment, expansion tection of the spirit of democ- racy and the principle of human rights Without resorting to doctrinairism, the President strikes the keynote of the as- semblage of states at Havana. Without | tooping to controversy, he answers the eritics of his own Nation. He speaks as the Chief Executive of one of twenty other republics, taking as his theme the picture of th past, present and fu- ture association. His use of the col- lective “We" is not in the sense of *“We, the people of the United States, but “We, the people of the Western ‘World.” His exposition of their idealism 15 no enunciation of a new national | policy, but a restatement ofs principles which are their common heritage. Of them he says: It is a heavy responsibility which rests upon the peeple and the governmenis represented ai this conference. Unto them has been given a new land, free from the tradiuonal jealousies and haireds of tne Old World, where the people might come into the fullest state of development. It is among the reput lies of this hemisphere that the princi- pie of human rights has had its broad- est application; where political freedom and equality and economic opportunity have made their greatest advance. Our mos, sacred trust has been, and is, the estavlishment of the spirit of democ- racy. No doubt we shall make some false starts and experience some dis- appointing reactions. But we have put our confidence in the ultimate wisdom of the people. We believe we can rely upon their intelligence. their honesty and their character. We are thoroughly committed to the principle that they are better fitted to govern themselves than any one else is to govern them. ‘We do not claim immediate perfection But we do expect continual progress. Our history reveals that in such ex- pectations we have not been disappoint- ed. It is better for the people to make their own mistakes than to have some one else maze their mistakes for them. important services which we can render 1o humanity. the one for which we are peculiarly responsible, is to maintain the ideals of our Western World. That 1s our obligation. No one else can dis- charge it for us. If it is to be met, we must meet it ourselves. We must join together in assuring conditions under which our republics will have the free- dom and responsibility of working out their own destiny in their own way.| ® * * Our republics seek no special privileges for themselves, nor are they moved by any one of those purposes of domination and restraints upon liberty of action which in other times and places have been fatal to peace and progress. In the international system which you represent, the rights of each Dation carry with them corresponding obligations, defined by laws which w Tecognize as binding upon 2ll of us. It s through the careful observance of those laws which define our rights and impose our duties .January 186, 1028 We realize that one of the most | % | signatories in that under it they would that international co- | operation is possible. This lays on us a | and ever since that time Chamberlin has been walting for favorable condi- tions for an attempt to bring the rec- ord back to America. The other day he soared aloft, but after four hours was forced down on account of engine trouble. Undaunted by this mishap, he and| his co-pilot, Roger Williams, began an- other flight. Saturday afternoon they landed after remaining in the afr for fifty-one hours and fifty-two minutes, only an hour and a half short of the German record, but exceeding the former record of Chamberlin and Acosta by a few minutes. On this lat- est trip the aviators underwent much hardship — their heating apparatus fatled. their gas tank leaked, their food was rendered unfit to eat. and they barely made the landing field when | their gasoline was exhausted and they found themselves with a “dead stick. In spite of this series of unfortunate | circumstances and in spite of the dis- appointment of the long. fruitless grind in the skics, the two intrepid pilots are planning to take off on another attempt [ ether today or tomorrow. It is a lone- some and thankless job cruising the air for two days and more without a | stop. but it is only by the perseverance {of men like Chamberlin that the sci- ence of flving is advanced. When he soars aloft again an interested world will be with him in spirit in the tiny cabin of his airplane. | A Compromise Suggestion. If it be true, as unofficial quotations | of the French foreign minister indicate, | that his government's declination to | | enter into the multilateral “war out- |lawry treaty” proposed by Secretary | | Kellogg is based solely on France's ex- | | isting engagements under the League of Nations and Locarno pacts, the fol- {lowing compromise offers itself: | That France, the United States and | | other principal world powers subscribe /to a treaty absolutely renouncing war | as an instrument for the settlement of | international differences between them, excepting only war as a punitive meas- | ure against a nation which, in viola- | tion of its given pledge. resorts to war— the signatory nations to be their own | judges as to whether or not they shall | { participate in the punitive war. It is difficult to see where such an| agreement would run counter to either | the Kellogg ideal or the exigencies un- | der which Briand finds himself ham- ! pered. There is much of merit in the E | Topean theory—the theory behind the | League and Locarno—as to prevention of war. Boiled down to its essence | that theory is this: War can only be done away with as an instrument of national policy by threatening any na- tion which resorts to aggression against | another with the frustration of its am- | bitions and adequate punishment. There is muth of merit in the coun- | ter assertion, now set forth in Secretary { Kellogg's argument, that this theory does not go far enough, in that it di- | rects its punitive threat only to those nations who are guilty of aggressive | | warfare. Who is to determine this all- | important point? Is it not a fact that | | by adroit diplomacy and propaganda a | nation in fact the aggressor might so manipulate affairs as technically to ap- pear on the defensive? ‘Warfare, the peoples of the world are insisting in growing vehemence, must | | 80. They mean not merely one type of | warfare, but any type. The horrors of 1914-1918 and the aftermaths, which | | are still with us, bear terrible witness | | to the truth that another great conflict | would wreck the civilized world. That | | testimony lies deep in the hearts of the | men and women of today. ‘The compromise proposal made above | would be a long step toward the de-| sired end. It meets the theory that no international difference is justification for war. It meets the theory that no | paper promise is good unless the vio- | lator of that promise be threatened with | effective punishment. It meets the | exigencies of the League and Locarno | | but make a broader pledge than that | yet made to keep the peace, while re- taining their individual and mutual continual responsibility which none of | 00!igations to punish a nation which us wish 10 2v0id, and the fulfillment of | fails 0 do s0. It meets the exigencies which is one of the most smportant | gusranties of international Iflendship.' ® ¢ * Oftentimes in our relationship we shall have 10 100k to the spirit rather | than 1 the letter of the law. We shall have w0 realize that the highest law is consideration, co-operation, friendship and charity. Without the application of | these there can be no peace and no | progress, no Liberty and no republic. Without attempting to single out for | eulogy or Gefense the actions of his own | country, the President thus sets down | the motives which have governed them | nd lets them speak for m,-mu-lm.[ This 18 in keeping with the occasion. | The Western family of nations con- | vened at Havana is fundamentally con- | eernied with problems eommon 0 it | members. They have not met o dissect | the Peruvian policy of Chile, the Vene- | zuelan policy of Mexico or the Nica- | Taguen policy of the United States | There wete those, nevertheless, who | hoped that st Havana the President would procisim s “Coolidge doctrine” 1 view of existing circumstances, and more than one of these good-intentioned BAVISETs saw Nt L make suggestions of whst Ui doctrine ought Yo be. They | will be Gisappoined In the President's message, 1L dors BoL Ting with the pro- BuncaIenUs of & dictalor, e threats of & Lyrant or the excuses of & blun- | Gerer. s Wuets are founded on the Inescapabie act that bere on this side of the world A Divine Providence hus | made ur 8 nelghbortivod of republics with the multitude of opportunities und yesponEies & conditon | Smplies. “The President bas polnted the rod tist bis country, & member of this nesgnboriand of republics, s following “Those who see of 1 8 route 4 Lmperial- 6m can mke the most of it that such - Television will enable 8 Dstener 1o #'udy tacial expression as well as sound. | Belf-commend wil be necessary W change features quickly sfber Voglhy wnd irritating efort W Lune in e Persistence. | Clarence Clambertin, holder of the world's distance Jecord for hLeavier than-ult machines by his m.u,n.i‘ gt from New York W Germany, i ®e pereistent ws he s skIIfUl About & sgo he wnd \he equally famous LT Bert Avmle eolablislied w Borid endurence yecord of something nove tien Bfty-one b “Tiils mark Wy broken by two Germun Byers soog | yrar "xunu Wil & Bity-two-hous fighy, of wgening Wiem sgaligt this Goverie teuapls are gagel | 1tseit | raleulated 1o check the propsganda con- | 1o discontinue Ui campilgn of props of the United States in that it pledges us 1o no given action in the event of a foreign nation’s resorting to war, but | leaves us free to determine our own obligations in the matter, It is offered in the hope that it has already suggested itself to those con- ducting the momentous negotiations now being conducted between the United States and France. For those negotiations must not be permitted to fail. 1 It used to be a custom for orators to quote Bhakespeare. It is now evidently | recognized that it is dangerous to invite | 50 crucial a comparison of style. vt Touching Russia’s Pocket Nerve. | Although no apprehension 1s felt on the score of the actual destruction of the American social foundations by the Russian Communists who are seeking the subversion of institutions in this country, the persistence with which the propagsnda is conducted by the Third Internationale at Moscow is disquieting It is known that most, if not all, of the sgitations conducted here by radicals aguinst the establishied nstitutions, eco- nomie and political, are luspired by U organization el the Russian capital, which, though thinly camoufiaged, 15 no lers than Ui Russian government The relations between the Third Internationale and the groups of com- missars who constitute the sdministias Uve authority in Russia are intimate, | are i fuct those of actual ddentity, | Matthew Woll, & high official of the American Federation of Labor and act- g president of the Natlonal Civie Fed- eration, has Insugurated & movement Aucted b Moscow. He has addressed 8 leter v the American-Russtan Cham- ber of Commerce wsking tist the Hus- slan Boviel government be called upon kanda now beliy conducted Unied Blates. He o chsiber sppont & commitles W meet with the National Federation's commiitee on Russian wffairs i order | that documentary may b presented W oprove Wie existence of u Boviel program up trouble i every avenue of e where 3t ls posst- ble. The program s prompled not only 1 the Jabor feld but in sl tie foreign- n the uests that the eviden U sty | And we who wish ere long may dine | discover that | believe dat hie 15 somebody else botn wnd negro groups for e purpose THE EVENING ment and American institutions. This evidence shows further that the Soviets are prompting plans for boring into the Army and Navy, the schools and churches —every institution in this country, in short. This is done largely through such organizatfons as the Workers' or Communist Party of Amer- ica, the Trade Unlon Educational League, the Children's Section of the Communist International of Youth, the American Negro Labor Congress, the American Council for the Protec- tion of the Foreign Born and varlous other organizations. Citing a resolution adopted at the recent annual meeting of the National Civic Federation, which noted the “un- speakable effrontery” with which the Russian Soviet government is working for recognition and the establishment of trade relations, Mr. Woll's letter to the American-Russian’ Chamber of Commerce at Moscow asks that organ- ization to use its powerful influence in demanding and in causing the Russian government to cease the propaganda campaign which it is carrying on in this country. The practical measure proposed as a means of persuasion is the cutting off of credits and loans which the Soviet government is con- tinually secking here. Mr. Woll say: T need only point out to you that any one granting a term of credit on a tractor, mining machine or cotton, may find it difficult to realize that he helping to finance Communist propa- ganda here. The facts are that through her exports of manganese, wheat. lum- bers, furs, etc., Russia is building up large credit balances abroad which she has to use for the purpose of the raw materials and machinery to keep the country going. If therefore she can obtain credit with which to make these | purchases a ljke amount of her foreign balances is refeased and can be used for | propaganda purposes. Therefore any | one who grants credit to Russia, even though it may be in forms which can- not be directly used. is opening a way | for the indirect use, and that use is quite apparent. Touching the pocket nerve of the oviet government may cause a reac- fon which will check the course of world conquest through subversion. . —o—s In diseussing capital punishment the revelation of minute and harrowing de- tails calls to attention the question of | how much of the penalty the innocent | bystander ought to be compelled to bear. .o . The educational value of travel is never greater than when one nation sends to another a distinguished rep- | resentative in the interest of peace and better understanding. ¥ — Democratic statesmanship leaves evo- lution to the memory of Willlam Jen- | nings Bryan, and proceeds to discuss prohibition, another subject on which his opinions were emphatic but not con- clusive, ———e— The Jackson dinner brought interest- | ing expressions. The Democratic public | awaits results, responding to the cus- tomary invitation, “Please stand by.” - Houston, Tex.. will have a chance at the political spotlight. It will have dif- feulty in competing with New York in Democratic spectacular effects, ——ete. Russian composers are admirable. | Russian dancers are unsurpassed. Rus- | sian statesmanship may yet succeed in hitting the pace set by Russian art. oo Hindenburg has succeeded in being a President without creating much agita- tion in the matter of political cam paigning. | ———— Talented reporters have made it diffi- cult to distinguish a crime wave from a | literary impulse, B SHOOTING STARS. BY PAILANDER JOHNSON, Unrhymable Sublimity, The poet strives with thought intense What theme Inspires his work immense? The Box Office. Composers weave entrancing la What shows them If their labor pays? The Box Office. The dancer capers through the night What makes the band play with delight? ‘The Box Office. What bids each toller on the list Toll on, from sage to pugilist? ‘The Box Office. An altar lofty and sublime— That’s why there tsn't any rhyme For “Box Office. Precious and Elusive, “A man should always tell the truth,” sald the idealist, “Yes answered Senator Borghum, “but how are you always going to be sure of finding it out? Happy Boyhood Days. Backward on hoyhood days I look And on the old prescriptions, Which every Bpring we youngsters took To keep us from conniptions. The climate now is going fine. The Winter slowly passes, On sulphur and molasses, Jud Tunkins says “if you try to take credit that doesn't belong to you, you run m blg risk of takin' blame that shouldn't be yourn. Keep Moving' “Do you belleve in perpetual motion?” “Almost.” answered Mr. Chuggins “Nearly every tme I go downtown | 1 have a non-parkable Gar” | “A jest,” sald M1 Mo, the sage of Chinutown, “betrays 1ta maker, as 1L shows whether he loves his fellow man or eneers mt them.” Insurance, Had & conflagration down o Pohick on the Crick A grass fire hit the peach trees an’ the fumes came rollin’ thick But Mandy sald, when we were glgmly countin’ up the cost, Neat Bpring, ut least, we'll have no cause Lo worry ‘haut the frost.” “A man dat wants Lo be too digni- fled,” sald Uncle Khen, “takes on hard joh foh Nite in Uy’ o meke ) - Many Eager to Move In, Olan (N Y ) Mesald 1L paya to tmprove property ‘The | ture. His brilliant keyno: STAR, WASHINGTON; D._C., MONDAY, JANUARY" 16, 1928} THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL, Two men were standing by the ele- vator, waiting for the car' that always seemed fo be at the top of the shaft when they were at the bottom, and ai the bottom when they were at the top. The conversation began with the weather, as conversations always do, and finally got around to the remark, by the younger of the two, that the tulips were beginning to come up in his back vard. s that s0?" said the other. “What have you- Darwins?" The younger said that he had Dar- win and Cotlage carieti The other asked if they were rare varieties, or| such standard things Clara Butt, | Inglescomb Yellow, and so on. | They had quite a time discussing the queen of the Spring flowers, until the older man got. off the elevator. “Why, I didn’t know you were a tulip | fan!" he exclaimed, in surprise, as he left the car. | * ok oKk What a happy thing it would be if | those who have the same likes had | some way of recognizing each other on sight! Then there would be none of these | awkward hitches in conversation, these shynesses which often take the joy out of meeting people. And, more to the point, there would be more and better friendships, fo nothing so_cements good acquaintance | as similar hobbics. | Now there fs no way to tell what a man is interested in by looking at him. In the old days it was sometimes pos- sible to recognize a turfman by tho | smell of his clothes, but those days are | gone. | The smell of the livery stable no longer perfumes the land. In other branches of activity there never have been any sure earmarks of the devotee. Perhaps in no hobby is there so littic to go by as in that of Nature, in all its | branches and ramifications. i There is no way for the “bird fan.” for instance. to tell another enthusiast simply by -ooking at him. Fspecially is this true of the horti- cultural “fans,” those thousands of per- sons who love gardening, in one form or another, ki One is sometimes inclined to thi: that men, instead of insignia of this and that club or ogder, which they wear in their buttonholes, might more profitably sport some simple sign_of their interest in flowers, or vegetables, | or dogs. or cats, or fish, or birds. Thus two men, meeting ¢ other, and seeing that each wore a small red tomato. done in ncat enamel. on hi. | lapel, would instantly recognize that | here was a vegetable garden enthusiast. | Suppose the simple white dalsv. as| symbolic of all flowers, were adopted as the sign of all flower lovers Then strangers might see that the man or woman alongside, in street public place. was a similar differences in dress or ap ‘These great natural f kS more, after one ain age. than any number of high-sounding orders, with their some= what artificial rituals, and so on, * ok After all, the ritual of Nature is the most ancient and honorable in the world. It goes back to the beginning of ! | no time, almost, and has come down in an unbroken and easily traceable line, so that every one who goes out into the garden to dig may feel a thrill of brotherhood with millions who have gone before. The trowel is an mportant tool in the garden, too; the spade is a noble Instrument; the rake a most worshipful thing: the sprayer a justly esteemed and honorable requisite The admirable Jawn mower and the right respected garden hose—here are two most worthy tnstruments of every aay, mostly unhonored and unsung. Let honor them, and sing their praises, as they have suffered much, they serve much. X ok ok K There would be, in these Orders of the D: and of the Tomato, no dues, ation, no fee no masters or past masters, but only human beings, all interested in the same thing. “I love you because you love the same things that T love.” 8o spoke the wise man. He knew his human beings. Self- interest s always the most Interesting interest, if one may put it so (and one | may, of course), If our little white daisy, neatly done | I enamel and gold, or our red, ripe tomato, in the flaming color the world loves, were to become common on the coats of the world, it might end for thousands of persons the common spec- tacle of a group of frozen faces waiting or a train, or for an clevator. The dapper city man and the clod- hopper then might find themselves brothers, mstead of standing eying each | other’s apparel. Real brotherhood, that most preciou: of commodities bec unusual would receive an impetus, as the lovers of Nature everywhere began to unde; stand that no man is too high or none too low to enjoy the beautiful com- munion which the common vegetables nd flowers afford. Snobbishness would receive a set. | back, democracy become more than a catch phrase, if those who like the same things had some sure method of recognition, resent unknown in our primitive civilization. * kK K ‘The human desire to form an “or- ganization,” anc to become officers in | | the same, to wear bright uniforms and | to make specches, or to sport insignia— these are less important, surely, than the very recognition of likeness. This civilization is complex enough: the trouble is that it is so complex that one cannot recognize likes and dislikes in others by looking at them. so one constantly hears the cr) “Why, 1 didn't know vou liked so-and-so!™ The implication, of course, seems to be that “if I had known you liked bulldogs. too, I wouldn't have thougl:t you the ass I have been calling you all this time!” for human conceit and rance! These twin factors. with the lack of a sure method of recognition, hold back man kind by preventing good friends from ever meeting Have you ever wondered who are the friends you do not know. all those of similar tastes, minds and characters. whom you would love and who would love you~but whom you will never meet? WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. “Al Smith's bow to the national de-, mocracy by party leaders to the governor's Jack- son day letter. In other words, “Al hat is in the ring. He threw it in mail, and by proxy, but it is there. No one, Democratic politicians contend-- and, least of all. Smith himself—can any longer maintain the fiction he fs not an avowed candidate. The New Yorker's letter is his maiden venture in the realm of truly national politi Even though it’s confined principally to the proposal that the Democratic party hould proceed without delay to prepare a platform, Smith has at length plung into the seething maelstrom of national issues. The manner in which Toast master John W. Davis introduced the Smith lctter and the unimpressive form in which former Lieut. Gov. Lunn of New York droned it detracted consider- ably from its eflect in the banqueting hall. But the letter made the front pages of the country. is universal imed the high spot of the Jackso celebration, and thus, from Smith's standpoint, accomplished its purpose. * i n Claude G. Bowers is a man with a retiring nature. but an advancing fu- ad at the Democratic “harmony” feast was far away the feature of the endless night It overshadowed all the rest of the ora- torical orgy put together, although il tongued Democrats like Davis, Reed. Robinson and McAdoo were in competition with Bowers for forensic honors. On a thousand lips was the | thought that if such a specch been made before a national convention it would have nominated the maker for the presidency. As it was, it launched the Bowers boom. Bowers was another Willlam Jennings Bryan in another cross of gold masterplece. Slight build, modest of manner and unpreten- | tious” in_ appearance, the 45-year-old | Indiana-born New York historian and | editorial writer simply “stole the show." No one Who followed him struck a new | note in the whole gamut of the Demo- | cratic creed, for he sald it all. In ef-} fect, Bowers wrote a platform for his | party. If in some capacity he is mvited | o take theefloor at Houston in June | therell be a hot time in the convention hall that day. X One of Senator “him" Reed's leglon of admirers was watching the Missour- fan perform in the Senate the other day. It was a controversi on which ordinartly the Demosthenes of Kansas City would have stormed in his most engaging manner. Instead, he was courtesy and concilintion per- | sonified. I never k before,” re- | marked Reed's adhercnt, upon leaving | the gallery, “that a presidential bee 1s a honey bee!” ok ok Henry Breckinridge, who was Ansist- ant Becretary of War during the first three years of the Wilion administra- Yon, ranks as Col. Lindbergh'a closeat | gulde, philosophier and friend. Now a | practicing lawyer in New York, Breeks | nridge devotes much of by time to | counseling men of aifalis i the do- | maln of public servic 15 hmaelt | the keenest of aviators, and wlmost uls ways makes hix o periodical trips b tween New York und Washington plane. Breckinridge 1 one of the expert fencers i America and hi quently be Tof teams repre- senting the United States at the Olym- | pic games and other forelgn competi- Lona, CEEY Now that civil service efficiency fs I the news, here's w plece of unrecorded history worth the telling. Not long #go a distinguished Hepublican Senntor pro- posed w il ncrense I the tarlf on ides. WIthin 24 howrs, the boot and shoe manufacturers hnd w delegation ot the Capltol. protesting that such & ralse would WU up (e price of oot wenr i dollar wo palr e Henator soonted and doubled tis statement, but deolded 10 chieck up on i Thereupon he consulted @ certain executive de- partment aid wan assured it at most he proposed tariit dnoreass would send Ul boot and shos prices 1205 10 4h cents wopalr. A day or two later & Demberatic Henator, oppostig the 10 crense I duty, declared on the Henate foor that he wan veltably informed footwear prices would go up 20 to 00 Cenls w palr Then the two Henators compired notes. I turned out they'd Wiilte House was done over this year, and now look how many Viggpeotive ¥ W pove L & both ot thele fgures from the same ofelal - Next day steps were taken (o Luut end ahioe I out of his Job, | campalgn, of | y | majorit Representative Emanuel Celler, Dem- is the description now applied | ocrat, of New York. has introduced a!if you do not take a chance! bill to reduce the duty on diamonds and other precious stones from 20 per cent to 5 per cent ad valorem. Despite the Government's vigilance, lllons of dollars’ worth of diamonds are smuggled into the country b amateurs and professionals. Hardly any means are available to prevent, or en seriously curtail, this illegal traf- fic. In Representative Ceiler's opinion, the only remedy is to make smug- gling unprofitable. “We must take away all inducement.” he says, that can only be done by the duty substantially. Five per cent would not make smuggling worth while. Furthermore, it would un- doubtedly increase customs revenue.” In 1926 Uncle Sam colle 000 in duties on prectous stones. Celler points out that we can afford to reduce the tariff because the United States doesn’t produce any diamonds and there is therefore no home indus- try to protect o Miss Agnes Hart Wilson, Democratic woman leader and daughter of Wil- ltam B. Wilson, Secretary of Labor in toth Wilson administrations, is going to run for Congress in her home dis- reducing | triet, the sixteenth Pennsylvania, this Although Miss Wilson has spent | year. a good deal of time during the past ar in Washington as the political secretary to her father in his sena- torial contest against Willlam 8. Vare, she lives on her dad's farm at Bloss- burg. near Willlamsport. From that base she will conduct her impending now occupled by ear R. Kiess, Republican. It is the at from which her father resigned to enter the Wilson cabinet in 1913 Since then, because of the sixteenth district’s normally heavy , the Democrats have prac- ically let it go by default. Miss Wilson. bulwarked by traditions. for the at. able citizen (Copyright paternal She Is an uncommonly 1008 ITED STATES IN WORLD W Ten AR Years Ago Today Nation is startled by the sudden an- nouncement, authorized by President Wilson, directing all factories east ot the Mississippl, except those producing foodstufls, 1o suspend for flve days beginning Friday und (o remain closed on Mondays ench week o Mareh 25 Even munitions plants must close in an attempt to avert a conl famine, prevent a crisis and widespread suffering. * * ¢ Business leaders everywhere protest the drastic move and Some Ko so far as (o call the order “wid to the en Others admit it will jolt the Aw people 1010 @ conselonsness of Just how serious the war situation has become and o what extent the Nation must wo If It would win the war, * & ¢ Widespread rumors, untraceable to any | soutce, that the United States hay ve- cetved ditectly from Qe proposal or some other communication were dented today by Secretary Lansing c ¢ ¢ Marked decrease veported i U-boat sinkings for the past week, Meiklejohn Criticism of America Indorsed Fram the Narvisturg Tolesraph Home tine ago Metklefohn, making & veputation as a teacher i the University of Wisconsin, made a spe I Carnegle Hall, Now York, “America he adid, Ul overwhelmed with ehes Why, then, s lile not good Himply becase we do not know the difference between good and bad, fine and valgar, high and low " That's a serious Indictiment of all of s and pretty much trae. How fortus nate we should be 1f we anly had the bratng and e spiit wnd the power to Measure I advance the things that will yield results of peace and happiness! Without thinking (hings thiough we choose e sensation of the moment e immediate pleasure We grasp the (hing we think we want, though really haven't thought at all. We seem ek the uu\wl [ uél and meas. wre. We lack the puwer Moceed des hberately. w “and | ed $10.- Miss Wilson seeks the seat | Representative Ed- | Republican ! But now | intends making a real fight | any a4 peace | who ts | our | Says D. C. Autoists Break Traffic Rules To_the Editor of The Star: 1 have just read with interest your editorial in The Star of January 12 entitled “It Ts to Laugh.” I did laugh, but not at the humor of your ®ditorial. You have found one regulation against the pedestrian that is not being enforced. In a recent survey of the District traffic regulations I found six regulations designed for the protection of the pedestrians, and no attempt fs ever made on the part of the police to enforce any of them. ‘The six are bricfly: (1) Pedestrians have the right of way at cross-walks where no traffic offi- cers are stationed (2) No automobile may stop at a cross-walk 5o as to block the way of the persons attempting 1o cross. (3) No_automobile m: tween white lines at eross-walks. (4) No automobile may pass another | automobile going in the same dircction at a crossing. (5) All automobiles must slow down at crossings. (6" Through traffic (and it has been decided that this includes pedestrians) | shall have the right of way, at cross- ings, over automobiles making turns. It might be argued that these six { regulations are not meant for the pro- tection of pedestrians, but if they are not. then there are no traffic regula- | tions meant for the protection of | | walkers. May I discuss these regulations? (1) I have been trying for seven years in Washington to just once ob- tain the right of way at'a cross-walk, and all that I have ever received for my pains is many narrow escapes. 1 have seen many iraffic officers, stand- ing nearby while resting for a few| minutes, watch car after car violate | this regulation, but have yet to see an ficer attempt to enforce it «2) At every busy thoroughfare, even | | those controlled by traffic officers, au- tomobiles stop so as to completely block | the cross-walk, thus forcing pedestrian: to go out amid the cars that have | | the rieht of way in order to get across | the street. I have yet to hear of any | autoist being fined for this offense, al- | houzh [ see it happen at least a score | {'of times each day. |~ (3) Any day that you have time, Mr. | Editor, 1 will gladly take you to cro: walks entirely blocked by a parked au- tomebile, or automobiles. All I ask in | return 1§ that you show me the report of the driver or drivers being arrested. (4) Passing other automobiles going | in the same direction at a crossing is | about the most dangerous traffic vio- | lation 1 know of. for the pedestrian. This _regulation is constantly violated | and T have vet to see any one arrested | for_its violation (5) To slow down at a crossing is| the duty of every driver. It was de-| cided in the case of McFern vs Gardner that “A pedestrian crossing the street | is not bound to stop, look and listen | for automobiles,” and that the burden of avoiding an accident is upon the driver of the automobile. 1 ask vou.! Mr. Editor, if you have ever seen an| automobile voluntarily slow down at & rossing? Most of those I see speed up. | would like to know of any conviction | jon this charge | (6) How does the regulation T have cited under (6) work out? Even at | crossings controlled by policemen, the pedestrian, upon getting the “Go." is| immediately blocked by cars making turns, Then, when these cars are | through turning the corner the straight traffic has also gone by. and just as the pedestrian steps off the curb, or per- haps before. he gets the “Stop.” The traffic situation today is the re- sult of the policy of placing the conven- | ience of the motorist above the safe {of the pedestrian. The newspapers | | rant and rave over the carelessness of | | pedestrians and the great chances thev | take. but try to get across the slxrevx t 1S | argued that the faster cars are allowed | to go—the higher the speed limit—the | less danger there is. It is my opinion. | however. that if automobiles were only allowed to go as fast as the mind of the ! driver will work in an emergency—they wouid go at a walk. JOHN ARTHUR SHAW. ——— e stion Offered ) d Bus Companies To the Editor of The Star: The writer begs leave to submit a few observations relative to, and very perti- nent to, the transportation problem | covering the district north of the United States Soldiers’ Home and that portion {of the said district in which the Ma- sonic and Eastern Star Home is located At a recent meeting of the Manor Park | Association an official of one of the bus companies made a statement to the effect that his company losing | money. With this statement in view ! and in a sincere desire to aid in solving this perplexing question. probably the following may be of some material interest: In the Masonic furisdiction of the District of Columbia’there is a member- ship of about 26.000 Masons. Also there are about 16,000 lady members of the Order of the Eastern Star. making a total of about 42.000. The Masonic and | Eastern Star Home is located about | | four blocks east of the Capital Traction | | Co’s line. The Washington Electric | and Railway Co’s line running out Georgia avenue is a good long mile | from” the home. To reach the home | | from the nearest line. persons are com- | ! pelled to cross muddy fields and me{ | Baltimore and Ohio Railioad, which | With its many trains running in and | out of Washington makes it dangerous park be- | 1‘ | With these conditions there have been | many complaints. and justly so. Again it may be stated that at the nearest Baltimore and Ohio station where local trains can only be obtained at certain times, that being at Chillum Station, a fare of 16 cents 18 required i addition to the carfare that a pas- | senger would have to pay to reach the center of the city. In addition to this it takes 40 minutes for a passenger to reach the city by way of the Capital Traction Co's line to the center of the city, and 30 nunutes by way of the other traction line. Thus it is sub- mitted that if one of the bus lines would extend its service to this fast ! Rrowing vieinity it would meet a | long-felt want and the wishes of many, ‘There ts & bus line that already makes 1ts terminal near the Soldiers’ Home and but little expense would be in- valved in this extension FRANK L. THOMPSON Masonic and Eastern Star Howme, B uggests System of Traflic Lights, Ta the Editor of The Sta We have been tesidents of Washing- ton only stnce May, 1927, and lved tor a while 1 the N street section. Golng up and down Sixteenth street, we won- deved Why the stgnaly were ot operats ed simultancoustly. and alo why Penne aylvania aventie fram the Capliol West- ward was not equipped with lighting slgnals. This has never been explain ed o us - Surely such a large ity as Washington has trafe divectors who | [ have atudied conditions i other elties I have i mind the lighting trate contiol - Atlantie City, particularly Pactfie avenue. 1t ts only & few miles long, but 1 am sure (he Gafe using 1L which fs (remendous ot all seasons [ of the year, Iy more satiaed s (hey have 10 How, RId every one seems KHOW (hat 1t 1 Highdly entoreed and (o Al ohserver dt traly omechanieal On the wmber Hght, cars must tomain absolitely stationury for pedesitians oruss, Tlioy have tiled out several systems, and mx (his one has been t foive for soveral vears, 1 must be successtul A pedertiinn crossing ain ted o way direction takes iy owi chances and s {abo reprtmanded 1 caught They | Bve bocomie aecustomed o s and almoat Al obev They have visitors there, (oo an Washinglon does, at all seasons of the year Would not swme mr Alllar (o that be praviical W Washington* CATHBRINE R, FLETT, | varies from a golden to a copper red. | the bench marks used by | for { lican) says, | dilating upon the pioneer spirit ANSWERS TO BY FREDERIC ]. H A, Take advantage of this free service. | If you are not one of the thousands | who have patronized the bureau Ilnr-‘ its establishment, we want you to start | now. This is a service maintained lm[ the benefit of the readers of The Eve-| ning Star, and we want you to get yfmrl share of benefit from it. Send your questions to us. Inclose 2 cents ia ' stamps for return postage. Address The Evening Star Information Bureau, | Frederic J. Haskin, director, Washing- Q. How much money will be spent) in the South this year for road building?—M R. A. The program for the building of roads and streets and their main- tenance calls for the expenditure of $400,000,000. | Q. How many nationai temperance organizations are there?—D. P. | A. There are at least 31. Q. Is there such a material as red brass?—W. N. A. According to the American Soclety for Testing Materials the term “red brass™ shall be used for zinc-copper alloys only containing more than 80 per cent of copper in which the color This is also known as “red metal " Q. Will food cooked on a gas stove cool quicker than food cooked on a wood stove?—R. C. A. The Bureau of Standards says | that food cooked on a gas stove will not cool more quickly than when cooked on a wood stove. The cooling process 15 entirely independent of the stove. | Q In establishing bench marks, | does the United States Geological Sur- | its sea level at any particular e C. L. C. A. The Geological Survey says that the survey designate the elevation above mean sea level. The line is taken from a great many places along the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and the Gulf Coast. Q Who developed the Delicious apple?’—P. M. C. A. The variety first came to notice in | the orchard of the late Jesse Hiatt of Peru, Madison County, Iowa, about 1881. It was then a sprout, supposed to be about 6 years old, from the stock of a Yellow Bellflower tree, the top of which had been destroyed. The beauty and fine quality of the fruit attracted Mr. Hiatt's attention. and he at once began its propagation in a small way his own planting. The nam “Hawkeye” was applied to the apple by the Hiatt family. The right to propa- gate and sell the variety for a period of years was sold to the Stark Brothers Nurseries and Orchards Co. about 1894. with the right to rename the variety “Delicious.” It was com- monly introduced in 1895 under that name. which word was registered in | the United States Patent Office as a trade mark, July 4. 1905. Q. Who wrote under the name “Zad- kiel>—N. V. G. A. This was the pseudonym of the astrologer Lieut. Richard James Mor- son (1795-1874) of the British Navy Q. Between 1918 and 1922 how | day, as such, however, is pure i porting a QUESTIONS <1 many official executions were recorded by the Chekka-—C. O A. During 1918 and 1919 the Chekka formally ordered the execution about 10,000 persons. From 1918 to 1922 official executions totaled 13,000. Q. T read of Blarney Castle near the Comane in Ireland. What do these words mean’—F. W. A. Blarney is from “Blarna,” mean- ing “little “Comane” means “erooked stream. Q. Please give me some informa- tlon concerning the origin of Arbor day—~L. T. A. Tree-planting festivals are probe ably as old as zation. Sacred trees and groves, planted avenues and roadsides, shaded academic walks and memorial were common long be- fore America was discovered. Arbor Amer- ican in origin and grew out of condi- tons peculiar to the i the West, a country practis less over much of its area, but s flou: re and limate weil able to Arbor day origle observed in Ne- iy with a seil nourish tree gr nated and was braska in 1872, Q. What was an early Rocky Mountains A. In early Q What eruber hy record in th L A. The U. 8. speed record for cruisers in t try, having a speed of 341-2 olds the speed J. P. Q. What per cent of the peop: the United States receive a colleg ucatiun? A high scho grammar school educ A, College graduates ount 2.14 per cent of the population. Those having part-college education amor to 4355 igh school gradu: 6.22; p: 1 ed elemen: part-ele per cent. Q. Do predat animals cause much damage to live stock in t M. L. OD. _A. The Agricultur that for vears the dam wolves and coyotes t ganizing and leading ope duce the losse: partments of S pericd. in 14 State: a 931 in the first year to $35 and 1926. is pushed back and th not go very far up Use of Marines in Nicaragua Stirs Controversy in Pres Emphatic opinions for and against the policy of the Government of the United States in Nicaragua are ex- pressed in newsniper discussions of the matter. There are differences in in- terpretation of the Monroe Doctrine and widely divergent views of the ac- tual situation with which American | Marines are dealing. “President Coolidge must regret. and every American cilizen must regret, the Toledo Blade (independent Repub- ys. “that American lives hav> been lost in the altruistic effort to ! re-establish peace and orderly gove: ment in Nicaragua. upon request of the lawfully constituted authorities of that country, but. strangely. Sandino and his ruflians fail to respond to the su: tion that they ought to be better boys. So they must be put down and kept down. It is a rough job and the time to quit is when the Job is done. and not when it is half done.™ “Evervbody will contends the Chattancoga Times pendent Democratic). “that having “set our hands to the plow.’ and having sace rificed the lives of Americans in so do- ing. we must finish the job. right or wrong. * * * We must assure and prove to our neighbors to the south of us that we have ‘no imperialistic de- signs whatever. but that all we wan: is peace. prosperity and friendly relations between all the peoples of the Western Hemisphere " The Utica Observer-Dis- patch (independent) holds that “~Ma. rines are not in Nicaragua for aggres- —— PHILOSOPHIES RBY GLENN FRANK | The age that talks most of progress is likely 10 be least progress: 1 doubt that the ploneers, who blazed trails through the American wilderness and lad the foundations American cities. spent much time dissect 1 cannot e Dantel Boone o ering an oration on the importance of being pioneer-minded. He was too busy ploncening. Great adve: of adventure The progressive movemer: ploneer spirit have alike nto ambitious talx durng yeu e old progressive thought abou his goal The new progressive talks abo Progressiveness. Having seen the men Wha were so cocksire aba lttle private utoptas, men who walled | Off against all change a status quo i had a hand n establishing. our gern fon has gone to the other ext ahving aw from definite plans of evo- nomie, soctal and political progress and contenting iselt with & nebulous g fieation of a sort of disembodiod s Of progressivism, ut the ploneer spirtt i ot & da- embidied spirit “The ol ploneers were seatvlhing for something The new progressives Kre sean for something The old pioneers wete interested tn the end of the lourne The new progressives are interested I an endless fourney Listen (o these suggestive words from Chesterton “The spinit of adventure has taied | Decause it has been left 1o adventurers. CAdventure for adventures sake bes | came ke are for arts sake. Those who l\;nfl Jost Al sense of alm kst all sense of art | “The time has come tn every depart- | ment to make onee AgAI vivid and | Solid the amn af political progress CWe do not want to ueist only on | What are the qualities of & poneet: we | 0 BOE WARE (0 dewribe merely the Vit | (e (hat achieve adventures. We want | men o think, not werely of a place Which they would be interested to fnd, but a place where they would be cone tented to stay Bl w Sin against the rveason to tell men (hat 0 tavel hopetully iy Detter (han (o aiive. and when they e believe they travel hopetully n lnger The fndamental political need of ow Hie 1 dess talk about the ghay ot rogressivisme and more thought about he goal af oy Ao, N nned out he last few ng ! 9 | Newsiae: Yyudivate.) | tests | Leadr e warfare: report have not made tack.” and the will no ™ back.” Is required is that order be = “It is particularly dos opinion of the C! dependent) ing American inte: esis of peace ar shall be given \} {acts are highly crecditable ican Gove: not oo lu! be and Consery {him as a dan or forced Sun we protect t & course which feTican palicy S as well as o ™, also Sanding, o O appears anyth N do how 1 How insists that ANOW Ope noLfor ooanque Dance of & i oAl palier, Caae o Bumtngham and then atonal g News Demon gt the paliey L and News (independent) halds t Axttation W Quag PUTIS than to furn a b erations m Nicaragua, B parpoee The Cloveland S Repudlican) states, A A an nterests’ are e WPrleciag Dy kK Wwerventon o Nivaraguan Business it i of o TAEUAN OF anag Wesldeney of o DUBLC W e cust urally A subiect QUATEETS than Cangress “The elsciion b hot being heNd at Bresent, and theiw o no Allerican farves shoull Be o guant SHWP HORNEY b Bt foriig with the fuge OF Aoy ebe oontends, Chatlesion B BN ivbende Democratiod and ihe Richiond Newss Aedent DNIOTAIR Y owite demns ithe il of attempiing K W Ihe general RUantian of Laim Amesoan Stales Al want 1o Bave el tows and 10 seile thea W el own wag™