Evening Star Newspaper, January 7, 1928, Page 6

f'HE EVENING STAR ‘With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHRINGTON, D.C. BATURDAY.....Jant%ary 7, 1028 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evéning lifim- Newmur Company usiness Office: 11n st ‘and Pennayivants Ave, New York Office: 110 Fast 42nd St Chicago Office: Tower Building. European Office’ 14 Regent St., London, England. Rate Within the City. The nr.-:'\ig(;"m" 43¢ per month ing_a T F iy #50¢ per month o 'h!nm o mdays) ... - €3¢ per menth The Surday Star ... . &e ner cony ‘Collection made ‘at {ha end f cach ronth. Orders mav be sent in by mail cr telephdae Main 5000. Rate by Mail—] Maryland and Virginia. a 'Su All Other States and Cana Daily and & 1 001 m. BAIYy Aty Sunday 337 eaon: 1 mo Sunday only . $4.00: 1 mo.. Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Prese fs excliavalv er titld to the use for republication of all news dis patehes credited fo it or not otherwise erod- fted in this paper and also the loral news puhlished herein. Al richts of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved Clear the Plaza! A bill has just been introduced in the House of Representatives by Chairman Elliott of the committee on public buildings and grounds that should have speedy attention and surely result in an enactment at this session. It pro- vides for the creation of a commission | to complete the plans for establishing & park between the Capitol and the Union Station. One parcel of lana alone remains to be acquired. to square out the area. The commission, to con- sist of the Vice President, the Speaker, the chairmen of the Senate and House committees on public buildings and grounds, the minority leader of the House and the architect of the Capitol, 4s by this measure empowered to secure the remaining space and to proceed with the execution of the plan that will be eventually adopted. In this connection it Is expected that - | In efMciency, durability and safety. substantial structures, and it is a re- proach to the Government that it should constitute so serious a fire hazard. It is alwaysito be borne in mind that the District's Fire Department s charged with the responsibility for the fighting of all fires on Government property. And similarly all fires involv- ing Federal structures and materials are charged in the annual records of losses by flame to the discredit of Wash- ington. The percentage of fire losses in the District is relatively low if the Government's contribution to the rec- ord is eliminated. Possibly this report with its striking showing will cause a liberal appropria- tion to be voted at the present session of Congress for the reconstruction of both the Bolling Field and naval avia- tion stations on a firepropf basis. These | establishments should be the last word ————— Brokers' Loans and Stability. ‘When the other day it was announced that the total of brokers' loans under the Federal Reserve' System amounted to $3.810,000,000, the highest figure since the establishment of the system. the New York Stock Market “took a tumble.” The bears had a big inning and at the close of the day's trading, which amounted to 3,384,845 shares, they had taken a heavy toll in the paper profits of the speculators. Within a few hours, however, recovery was ef- fected and the resilitney of the market was proved by advances that redeemed those losses fully. Meanwhile, the sig- nificance of the record volume of brok- ers’ loans has been studied and the first impression of a dangerous inflation of credit has been in great measure cor- rected. Unquestionably there has been a marked increase in the amount of credit granted to individual operators in the stock exchanges and to brokers. In the past thirty days the figure has advanced about $100,000,000, and at this time these loans are about a billion dol- lars in excess of a year ago. The ques- tion has arisen whether an increase in the interest rates might necessarily fol- low, but so far there has been no move specific authorization will be granted soon for the razing of the Government “hotels” that are still standing on the public land between the Capitol and the ‘station. There is no further oc- casion for their existence. They are in poor condition, having been hastily to meet an emergency. It is ot contemplated that the Government will continue in the housing business Jonger. Advantageous as these accom- modations have been to a few hundred ‘women of the Government service, it has never been appropriate that the TUnited States should engage in such an enterprise when the peak of conges- tion in Washington incident to the war ‘was passed. Tt ds particularly urgent that this view it on leaving their Only a few of them can be reached with explanation that this spectacle which they behold is the re- sult of an interrupted operation. Few can be persuaded that there is a definite purpose to create & park between the station and the Capitol with an im- pressive boulevard leading directly to Pennsylvania avenue. The temporary structures have at first glance the sem- blance of permanency. Not until they are closely approached is their shab- biness evident. At best they are in- trusions upon the landscape and the sooner they are razed the more definite will be the assurance that this un- pleasant impression upon Washington's guests will be corrected. An Example Set. Ployd Hewitt has paid the supreme penalty for murder in Ohio. The young- est person ever to be executed in that State—he was seventeen years old— ‘went to his death calmly approximately one year after the commission of his crime. Last February Hewitt called upon & neighbor and finding the man of the house absent he attacked and killed 2 young mother and five-year-old son. Deplorable as is the death by elec- trocution of a lad so young, Ohlo is to be congratulated upon carrying through the only fitting punishment for such & ., erime. 1In these days of insanity pleas and all manner of technical bunk to save those guilty of atrocious deeds, it 1s comforting 1o note that in one State, st Jeast, & boy or man cannot get by without paying the penalty. Tliinols has still to live down the Loeb-Leopold case when two youths * “ sticceeded in escaping the electric chair by 8 gross miscarriage of justice. Call- % 1ornia will have much to answer for if the arch-slayer Hickman does not pay the full penalty for a crime that has shocked the country. Thrill murders and sll other kinds of homicide will lose their appesl if the heavy hand of the law settles inevitably upon the sboulders of youthful perpetrators. Ohio "has set the example, Now let others Tollow it. e+ woee “The impression gains ground that it yoquires & smart person 1o make an in- sanity plea go through . The Bolling Field Fire Hazard, In & report just made 0 the District Commissioners, Fire Marshal Seib notes the fact thet the United States Govern- meent s mainteining & dangerous fire hazard st Bolling Field and asks that the Federal officials take steps 1o elim- inmte that risk by erection of proper bulldings for svistion service. Bince Yebrusry, 1921, period of less then sefen years, more than one million five hundred thousend dollers’ worth of property has been destroyed by fire at the field. A recent fire cost more than four hundred thousand dollsrs in prop- erty., ‘The buildings are of frame. or sheet metal and offer Little resistunce 1o flames in cuse of aceidental ignition. Even the metal structures are inflam- mable by reason of costings of materials that ignite, melt, wnd in dropping vend Lo spread the flames, Bolling ¥ield, the Cupital's officia) ®irport, should be w model establish- ment, 1t éhould be equipped with the most substantial structures, It has de- weloped by mccretions, new eppropris- in this direction. This great swelling of the volume of brokers' loans is due, it is evident, to increased speculative activity. These loans are all secured by collateral which has a present higher value than the total of the money advanced. The point of danger is in any shrinkage in that valuation. If, for instance, the bear move of day before yesterday should have continued for three or four days with successive declines, many of these loans would have been called as the margin of security diminished with the falling price quotations. With a heavily loaded credit list it would take only. & few successive calls of loans to start an accelerating downward move- ment. On the other hand, it is believed that precipitate a general calling of loans. ‘That this is so is evidenced by the fact that on numerous occasions since the present “bull market” gained head- way, when the bears have had their temporary successes, heavy buying or- ders have been thrown into the mar- ket on important and especially at- tacked lines with the result of check- ing the slip backward. i . Of course, a bull market cannot con- tinue indefinitely. There is a natural limit to the range of prices. Indeed, at present it is believed that most¥stocks are at prices beyond their real value. Certainly the dividend yield is at a low percentage. Yet there was never a time of such rich dividends as those that are now being paid to stockholders. If the year 1928 should continue on the pros- perity scale of 1926 and 1927 those dividend returns may be increased. In that case there is no reason to look for a sharp and long-continued break in the stock quotations. 1If there is no | such break the great volume of brokers’ loans, the enormous extension of-credit which they represent, will not be a source of danger to the financial health of the country. —_————— Bolshevism has a certain advantage in the fact that its advocates can usually write rather entertainingly on subjects they know little about. ————— A High Ideal of Amateurism. By a gesture as well timed as it was admirably conceived, Robert Tyre Jones, §r, king of world golfers and champion of two nations, has with one move accepted the dictum of the United Btates Golf Association that he would not violate the amateur rule in recefv- ing the gift f a home from Atlanta ad- mirers and refused to accept the tender. His refusal of the gift of a magnificent home in the environs of Atlanta will redound to his credit, as have many other generous acts of this young cru- sader of the links and unofficial Ameri- can ambassador of good will since he broke into the championship circle back in 1923. For within a few hours after th: governing body of the game in the United Btates had declared that accept- ance of the gift was fully within the smateur rule Jones announced that he would not aceept the generous offer made him by his friends in Georgia. Doubtless many will feel that with the seal of approval placed on accept- upholding the ancient principles of the game that has made hir1 famous. The Jones gesture is thoroughly char- acteristic of the temper of the twenty- five-year-old United States amateur and British open champion. It is re- called that Jones went abroad last June to defend the British open title he had won in 1926. He won again, with a world record score of 285 over the his- toric St. Andrews links, and then, by & move that endeared him to the Scot- tish people far more than the mere winning of the championship, he asked the committee of the Royal and Ancient Club of St. Andrews to retain the cham- plonship cup at the traditional seat of the game. Bobby left Great Britain, not alone the champion, but also a symbol of clean amateurism and of the sentiment that endears the individual and the Nation to other individuals and nations, His latest action is thoroughly in line with his 8t. Andrews gesture, and again establishes him as not only the cham- pion, but the standard bearer for clean amateurism in the game. ——oe—s. For the Little Ones Who Suffer. On Monday night occurs an annual social event that has far more than the usual significance. This is the “Charity Ball,” held as.a means of raising funds for the support of the Children's Hos- pital, one of the most efficlent and worthy institutions of succor for the suffering in the National Capital. It has become a veritable official affair, through the fact that it is the only so- cial occasion which is regularly attended by the President of the United States and his wife. In that fact alone it stands out on the calendar of the Winter's events. The Children's Hospital cares for hundreds of little ones who are afflicted with disease and are the victims of ac- cidental hurts. It is maintained upon a high plane of efficiency through the self-sacrificing efforts of the women of Washington, 'aided by the men, who have made this institution their espe- cial care. However liberal the gifts made directly to it, there is always need of more funds, as it is called upon to shelter and treat and comfort a steadily increasing number of patients, as the city grows in population. It is constantly requiring more space, & larger staff of physicians and nurses, more comforts. A hospital is an organism. It grows steadily, in keeping with the community which it serves. It must expand or it fails to meet its requirements. One of the assured means of permitiing this growth on the part of the Children’s Hospital is the gathering once a year of the people of Washington for a happy social event, the proceeds of which go to the support and develop- ment of an institution of which Wash- ington is proud. Hence it is the priv- ilege of the citizens of the Capital to take part in this worthy work, and it is to be hoped that on Monday night there will be a record assemblage and consequently a record yield of funds for this most worthy and sppealing cause. —— e United States Marines are favorites in popular esteem. When they are sent abroad there should be enough of them to insure the fullest co-ordinate ef- ciency and a safe return, ———t———— It is rather terrifying to think of the confusion “Lindy” might create should he allow his attention to drift away fro 1 aviation and reveal an inclination to talk politics. —————— Automobile price-slashing may go on to a point where the proud owner of an expensive car may be justified in demanding that its cost be emblazoned in plain figures across the radiator. Poltical headquarters are being estab- lished. But so far as popular pictorial interest is concerned, the big news con- tinues to come from the penitentiaries. —eatee . SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON, Right Along. Gold old sun is northward, swingin’, Son the birds will be a-singin’, And we'll all be joinin' in the song. Though men make a demonstration That creates some consternation, This old world keeps movin' right along. Up in the clouds and sent us; Then, to ocean(depths tremendous, Following each thriller for the throng. ‘Though for wreckage men seem ready, At a pace still true and steady, This old world keeps movin' right along. Confding Publie. “You have the confidence of your constituents.” “1 am sure of that,” answered Bena- to. Borghum. “I often think, but never with regret, of the money 1 might have gathered if instead of being a states- man I had become & regular confidence Unknown to Fame. BIll's plcture T have never met In photographic art. He hasn't killed nobody yet. He says he hain't the heart, Jud Tunkins says & man is known less by the company he keeps than by the public personages he pretends to ance of the home by the United States Golf Assoctation Jones is meting in & quixotic manner. But to many more, representing the backbone of the game in this country and abroad, his refusal of the gift will mean that amateurism Is kept ms it should be and that the leading wmateur of them all fs setting an example which ghould tend to min- imize the efforts of well-meaning but misgulded persons who make such gt with Wil sincerity of purpose, bu. wlso with & definite trend toward breaking down the spirit of & game that 1s clean and should be kept clean, He- ward of athletic prowess by gifts of high Intrinsie value is & fleld that should he take seriously. Dear little paragraph! My generous desire Is that vou make somebody laugh As you made me perspire, “It I8 eany 1o forgive an enemy,” sald Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “To nght him would suggest fear, Forgive- ness implies contempt.” Lessons, told my boy Josh to learn his les- sald Fdrmer Corntossel, “Did he obey?” “Yes, And mebhe he'll come to the Ioft for the professionals who make a living from the game in which they ex- cel. In m sense, it 18 not & feld for the smuteur. 11 Jones had accepled the tender of his Southern friends, he would have set a standard of comparison that might lead on o & defnite breaking down of the standards that hiave grown up wround the conduct of leading ama- teurs. No blot should rest upon the tions being used o provide sdditionsl Sucilities, with little vegurd for the de- Welopmept of & perpapept serigs of Jones nume anc. the action of the peers Jess Bobby will have & most favorable sepctiop, both toward him snd toward rescue of the old home, The lessons he appears to take the most interest In wre boxing lessons.” Btanch Friend, The Christmas tree 18 thrown away With all its decorations gay, ‘The good old pine stands bravely near In honest cheer from year Lo year, “Hopin' foh de best,” said Uncle Ehen, “ain’ gineter do you mueh good unless you's willin' to do & little fghtin' 108 W' im0 THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL, A gentleman interested in human nature in the raw recently made an Instructive curbstone experiment Believing in the brotherhood of all created things and wishing to prove to himself that man, like the verlest animal, responds easiest to physical stimulus, especlally something along the line of the unusual, he decided that there was no time like the present and no place better than where he was for the experiment. He stood on the curb, waiting for the bus to come along. Now, as every one knows, curbstones are put -down in sections, perhaps 10 feet long, with a curt\'ed piece where an alleyway inter- sects. The gentleman discovered that he stood on the third section from the curve, counting the curved piece itself. Realize, if you please, that these details are essential to the experiment. ‘When one is engaged in psychological investigation, the slightest thing may be of moment. It was So in this laboratory test of human nature *‘as is.” To understand what follows the reader must keep in mind that there were two visible cracks, the first divid- ing the section on which the man stood from the second section, and the section dividing the latter from the curved piece of curbing. * oK K X The bus drove up. It was piloted b, & hardy chauffeur in blue sweater ani‘i’ ::un;’ cap, the latter adorned by a gold nd. Bus drivers, together with taxi drivers, policemen and firemen, are per- haps nearest to the elemental of any set of men in a big city. Let it be understood that no one feels that the word “clemental” is a_term of deroga- tion. To be near to Nature is a good thing. We who love animals do not feel that any one suffers by a compari- son with them. Many human beings are far below the level of a good ani- mal, and might profit from a study of a decent lion, a law- Irdlx‘;l;; (lg;r r'p’r' a ]mnrnl elephant. 0 be close to Nature simply means that one reacts muuncuvel)?. ywme:;flt protest or subterfuge, to certain stimulj whereas a man of a more reserved type' holds himself in, as it were. One might think, at first blush, that an American Indian, then, is an example of the man Who is far from Nature, since he is able to shield his mental states from public observation. This, however, is not true, because the Indian's responses are withheld in obedlence to centuries of self-training, as ingrained by tribal laws and tradi- tions. Our real type of man not close to elemental Nature is the modern city man who fails to make any evident Tesponse to the thousand and one ab- surdities of city living. * K x Our man on the curb, for instance, was a typical city man experimenting with human pature. Under similar circumstances he would not have made the ready response which the bus drivers, the real heroes of this tale, did, and he knew that he would not have done so. What re did the Akt ‘esponse ey make, you Well, the man on the curb was getting around to that! Give him time, and he will show you just how the thing worked out. The bus stopped, the driver opened the door, and the people began to climb in, while the two spare drivers, both in blue, stood aside to allow the customers to_mount into their places. Bus drivers evidently have certain hours during the day in which they are duty, so go back to the barn to in- dulge in checkers or something until the time comes for them to pilot big vehicles into the stream of traffic. While the other “fares” got'into the bus, our busy experimenter, with an eye covertly upon his two subjects, solemely slid his right foot across the first crack in the curb, and brought his left one up even with it. Now, there was nothing about this movement to attract attention—if the others had had anything to think about particularly. The devil, it is said, always finds work for idle hands to do. It is even more true that Old Nick finds things for idle eyes to see. The merry gentleman sidestepped across the second section of curbing, and repeated the maneuver, bringing his right shoe across the second crack, and snapping his left foot beside it. He was now on the curved section of the curb, and several fect from the door of the bus, to which he was now forced to make rapid traction in order to mount inside before the door was shut. The two ‘extra drivers came up be- hind him, exchanging amused glances as they came. They had observed the whole performance meant for their benefit. They had not missed a move- ment. And it was more than they could stand. They may Lave heard of curb- stone experiments, but not of this sport. “It must be a game,” one of them said to the other, as the bus door shut. The other one grinned delightedly. * Kok Kk ‘The experimenter, having a_ good sense of humor of his own, and loving & joke at his own expense more than at some one else’s, grinned in his turn at the remark of the extra driver. “It must be a game"; indecd. it was & game; one in which Arthur Schopen- hauer would have delighted. Somewhere in the essays of that much misunderstood writer there is a delightful bit upon this very subject, dealing with the way in which many men note variations of all sorts from the normal, It may be stated that Schopenhauer does not handle the subject quite so ently as it is here presented: his idea s that truly civilized men shrink from noting such deviations. It may be sald, however, in favor of such as are easily attracted by anything out of the ordinary, that they are act- ing in line with the great principles of self-preservation and the preservation of the race, which are so closely inter- locked as to be one. . The unusual threatens mankind, at least until it is proved that the unusual no more harm in it than the usual. Man is afrald of the unknown. There are 50 many things to be known, and it has taken mankind so long to learn the little that he knows, that he is afraid of anything or any one who is different. To say the unusual, to do the un- usual—this is to provoke ready resent- ment, and to put one into the ranks of the “eccentric.” Every one should re- member, however, that progress has been made solely through the doing and saying of the unusual, and that the so-called *“eccentrics” have been the saviors of mankin Tax Reduction Postponement .- Is Moot Question in Press Strong support and equally strong op- position appears in newspaper comment on the plan of Senator Smoot, indorsed by Secretary Mellon, to posf e action on the tax bill now pending beforc Congress until after March 1, when the first tax returns of 1928 will become available, A Democratic viewpoint, as expressed by the Baltimore Evening Sun (inde- pendent Democratic) is that delay of tax reduction, “whether intended or not,” is favorable to Regubllun poli- lro iticlan knows y ticians because “every that votes are usually collected by spending, not by saving On the other hand, it looks like bad politics to the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin (Independent Republican), which argues: “The business of the Re- publican leadership in the Senate is to get the measure through with the great- est possible expedition, using every effort to keep the reductions within reason, without trying to outsmart a Democratic-Insurgent coalition. The Nation has been promised early tax re- vision. » Preliminary hearings were held for the purpose of advancing the bill. The uxryen are expecting early ace tion and the Republican party, nomi- nally in control of Congress, will be held responsible if there should be dis- appointment.” “Psychologically, the suggested course involves some uncertainty and disad- vantage o business” concedes the Chi- cago Dally News (independent); *how- ever, since tax reduction is definitely promised and the only question 1s whether the total shall exceed the ad- ministration’s Iimit of $225,000,000, the +| compromise merits sympathetic consid- eration” ‘The New York Sun (inde- pendent) also holds that “such a course would not be the most convenient for business men and taxpayers in gen- ; that they “would pay their first installment on the basis of the existing taxes,” but' that paper concludes: “It would be better to accept this incon- venience than to let the Government find itself with a deficit. Mr. Mellon, @3 usual, 1s playing safe.” R A compromise program is presented by the Albany Evening News (inde- pendent Republican), which e “The measure should be passed now with the ,000,000 reduction recom- mended L cannot be passed with that limit of reduction, then it should be delayed unttl March 15, when Con- gress will know Just what appropri- ations are necessary: but the better way is to pass it now with the $225.000,000 reduction. ‘That Is the businessiike pro= cedure.” Bupporting & “brief delay" with “ptre Dants for Judgment.” the Newar Evening News (Independent) suggests that “more political capital can be made, surely, out of ‘I told you so’ than out of 'Yes, we did it—but we thought we were right” " The 8t. Paul Pianecer Press (Independent) points out that “tax bills, before this, have been passed Inter than March 15, the date when the orst nunnmlr installment falls due, without creating any insuperable dim- culties of administration.” ‘The practice by which “one set of men decides What the appropriationa shall be" and another “fixes the taxes from which the revenue is to be collected” 18 enlled unsatinfactory by the New York Times (ndependent), which states: "The two do not always agree; often they do nol even consult together. Each goes it own way, and the result s more or less n matter of luck. For many years the luck han been good. But Hecretary Mellon believes that we onn 1o longer trust to that, I effect, his letter to Benator Bmoot 18 an in- divect but powerful ples for executive control of taxation ns well as of ex- penditure.” ‘That the Utah Senator “thinks it s good 1dea 1o walt and see how far Oone vess will go In making appropristions fore taking finul action on tax ve- duction” 15 yecogniked by the Low Angeles Express (Republican) with the comment: “That would be wise. There may be nothing to spare. ‘The House seems 1o b aguinst all taxes and for all appropriations " LR ‘The Ban Antonio Express (Independ - ent. Democratie) observes: “Evidently | the n«nmmr expects the Mareh 18 eal- leetions to fall off, and therefore beay oub hia positjon-seeing whigh Senate may be moved to lower, rather gll!n';‘ncrl‘l&? the Hall:’t‘! total figures. ut the result may irectly contra to these calculations.” 't % The Worcester Telegram (independ- ent) asks whether the statement of Secretary :\ann that by his plan. “the taxpayers Will 'be relieved of the risk of obtaining no tax reduction at all this year” means the possibility of “a presi- dential veto of any bill providing for reductions much greatef than thosc recommended by Mr. Mellon.” The Telegram warns: “A presidential elec- tion and congressional elections will be held next November. Neither Re- Eubl(um nor Democrats will care to go efore the people as participants in a d:-ndlllock Preventing any tax reduction at all” There are fantastic schemes enough before Congress now to consume, if th‘ey were adopted, many times the amount proposed to be devoted to reduction of taxes,” declares the Roanoke World- News (Independent Democratic), which concludes: “If Congress fails to pare down the budget the President has sub- mitted, and if it votes on & few of the glgantic schemes of expenditure now pending, it i1s & safe prediction that by March 15—regardless of what the tax returns may show--there will be no sur- plus. Unless tax reduction comes ahead of wholesale new expenditures, as the House of Representatives has insisted that it should, there will be no tax re- duction.” UNITED STATES IN WORLD WAR Ten Years Ago Today, American steamship, caj - eral cargo of muniti um,rfi"::n-ws;:d and sunk with logs of eight of her crew. Was part of a convoy. of 24 ahips. * Pershing reports " Army aviators in h'en donths ot fwo Goethals appointed to dir transport system and may l‘!fl"zfll‘l‘l""‘“fl Ize buying in all_departments of the Army. ¢ * * The Supreme Court, m handing down decisions on seven cases involving the constitutionality of the draft law, sustaing the act against every contention. RIght 1o compel military service In time of need is held to be fundamental. o+ gyl RaC partment makes public coples of seoret tolegrams issucd to the press by the Berlin official censorshlp. Show tight curb on German newspapers. Warns ings about America admit our vigorous reparations, ¢ * Lord Reading s upgmnlml British high commisstoner and Bpeclal Ambassador §o the United Btates. * ¢ ¢ Rritish summary for 1017 shows 114,544 prisoners and 781 #uns captured against w loss of 28,379 prisoners and 166 guits, 3 e i S A — nee. * * + Qen Lays Armament Cut To Public Opinion From the Schensctady Qasette. It 1s reasonably safe to belleve that the pressure of public sentiment is flmunmlo for the determination of the HUsh government to bulld only ane of the three erulsers for which Parlia- ment has voted the funds. No other explanation as to the changed attitude on the part of the empive's offiolals Appears now, Britain, the United States and Japan © unuble Lo agree on an armament Hation program at Geneva, and left, threats belng wade of w naval race, The Jingoss of the two Engliah-speak- g nations selsed upon this disagrees ment as (he basis ‘ur advooating an enlarged nn!nnnmum Program. Publie sentiment in England and the United #tatos has not been favorable (o sueh w procedure, however, Aside from the (remendous ooat, with ita added burden to the taxpayers, they have soen (he sensolessness of under= taking competition of this nature with the other leading foree for world peace. The British - Parlament naturally supported the government stand at Goneva. Bul that in this position 1t Wit 0Ing contrary ta publio sentiment 18 shown by the change in position on the part of the ministry. s Coun- w i n try the people feel the same as (he We er'{__u,& i ) THE LIBRARY TABLE By the Booklover ‘The life of the poet Heine was never oriented, because he never at- tained a philosophy, a spiritual habitat; or, as Lewis Browne puts it in his bi- ography “That Man Heine,” “he could not belong.” Born of German Jews at Dusseldorf, he went at the age of 4 to a nparsery school kept by an old woman, whom he vehemently hated. At 5 he was shifted to a Hebrew school in the ghetto, where he learned to chant Hebrew verses and to recite Hebrew ritual. There “the soul of little Harry Heine became definitely that of a Jew.” If he could have retained his Jewish religion” unimpaired, all might have been well, but no such unity of purpose was to be Heine's. At a Fran- ciscan monastery school, he learned Latin in sight of a great crucifix, as- sociated with Christian boys, whom he longed to be like, and was insensibly influenced by the priests who were his teachers. “In the Franciscan school he had been so weaned from the religion of his ancestors that he would no longer conform to the laws of Moses. But at the same time he had not been converted to the religion of his neigh- bors, and he could not conform to’the dogmas of the church. * * * Nor could he root himself nationally. He was, after all, a Jew; a child of a gypsy race. Today his parents sojourned in Dusseldorf, but tomorrow they might move to Danzig or Delhi. And even though they remained in Dusseldorf— what was he then? A German? Hard- ly. He had been born a German, but from the time he was 9 his native town had been French. * * * Thay was the root evil in the life of the lad —he did not belong anywhere.” In 1825 Heine received Christian baptism because it was a requisite for admission as a candidate for the degree of doctor of jurisprudence. He was christened lan Johann Heinrich and was at espectable,” but he was as much as ever without a belief, a philosophy. * ok ok K Mr. Browne diagnoses Heine's spirit- usl psychology thus: “In his breast there raged a perpetual conflict between two hostile and apparently irreconcil- able natures. In later days he named these the Hellenic and the Nazarene, or the Pagan and the Jewish.” But a new element, a social religion, came into his life in 1834, after his exile to France. He then “first fully sensed the joy of salvation through acceptance of the Saint-Simonian religion.” For a time at least this assuaged his spiritual con- flict, but it was also responsible for further embroiling him with the-auto- cratic German government. His books advocating the Saint-Simonian doc- trines of the rights of the individual, feminism, free love, pantheism and anti-Christianity were promptly pro- scribed in Germany and a source o?hu income was cut off. Toward the end of his life, Heine discovered Saint- Simonism to be “sterile and vapid” and paganism to contain no help for him on his “mattress grave.” 80 he returned to the faith of his fathers—Judaism. He wrote: “I am no longer a joyous Hellene, sound in body, smiling down gayly on the melancholy Nazarenes. I am now only a poor sick Jew.” Lewis Browne sums up the tragic lack of unity in Heine's life: “Heinrich Heine had completed the cycle of faith. Through Catholicism, Paganism, Protestantism, Atheism and Saint-Simonism, he had at last returned to his starting t— that battered, despised. but (for the Jew) apparently inevitable religion called Judaism.” o The Kentucky mountains and the friendship covenanted between two men seem almost equally rugggdnnd primi- tive in “The Lonesome .” by Lucy Furman. Jared Stoll, grandson of the preacher whose name he bears, and Ben Harling have taken a solemn oath of friendship. For the disturbing ele- ment in this friendship, as usual, “cherchez la femme." The woman is Poppet. who is singularly free from prepossessions in favor of convention, or even law. The trouble she causes the two young men makes the story. ! The old preacher Jared Stoll and his wife Cindy, in their rigid morality and their fixed ideas about every phase of their mountain life, are a contrast to the young people, tossed about on every tide of emotion. *xx The publication of “The Heart of Thoreau's Journals,” edited by Odell Shepard, gives zpnnunny to read In compact form tNe best of the mass of journal entries of the philosopher of Walden Pond. In these selections, ap- ars the real, eccentric, unsocial ‘horeau — transcendentalist. lover of nature and of solitude. Follower of Emerson he undoubtedly was in tran- scendentalism; in all else he was a fol- lower of none but his own inner sclf. Nature he loved in all its seasons, in its smallest manifestations. He once | sald that the largest territory any man | could hope to know well was an area | 6 miles square, and so he devoted himself to the well loved region about his Concord. Here no lake or stream, no tree or flower, no fish, bird er insect escaped his brooding attention. Soli- tude was as necessary to him as nature. He was not a humanitarian: he did not love his kind, though he did refuse to | pay a poll tax to a government which i permitted sl . One entry in his Journal reads: thrive best on soli- | tude. If T have a companion only one | day in the week, unless it were one or two I could name, I find that the| value of the week to me has been seri- ously affected.” So it is probable that the two years which he spent in a hut on Walden Pond, with nature and with solitude, were the happiest of his life - Mary Johnston admits that the island which'is the scene of her romance “The Extle” is “difficult to find on any map." | 80 are mauy other famous islands, Robinson Crusoe's island, Gulliver’s | Lilliput and Laputa, Moreis Utopta and Shakespeare's Bermoothes. Mary John- ston's island is called Eldorado and is supposed to be a fragment of Virginia, ! It 15 & haunted island and ghosts share | its wooded paths and sandy beaches | with two palrs of lovers. A new war | breaks out and the island bears its share of disaster. “The Exile” is. like many better novels since the World War, a protest against the madness and brutality of all war. “There's got to be some kind of a flest step.” DR Whether true of not, “Cannibal Nights, the Reminiscences of a Free Lance Trader,” by Capt. H. E. abe, 13 & stirring yarn. The captain started his pursuit of the sea as a stowaway, After running away from his Humhn:a sohool. He was made to work on boal the Australia-bound Yankee clipper as hard as stowaways usually were and rapidly learned the sailor's ¢ . Some montha later he was kidnaped and taken aboard a Nova Scotia trading vessel bound for the Solomon lslands. There, before he was 13, he became second mate, Heve, as in other places, the atory bdeames somewhat improbs able. Adventures follow thiekly, the most gruesome of which is & canmbal feast at whioh Raabe s a guest, DR A disciple of Convad. Dale Colling, Aracted Much Attention several years ago by hix tense novel of the sea, “Ordeal,” 1 which & party of pleasures soeking rieh pmr» undergo almost all the horrors possible ut sea, while on » ing orulse, Now the same suthor h o Senttimentalista’ tells of & guns smuggling voyage of the brig Hivondelle and its huge Capt. Whelan, who, in spite of hin lawlossness and primitive Drutiahness, ta a sentimentaliat always AL heart and in aotion as well. when vcoanlon wrises. Part of the plot s worked out on the Hirondelle and part u\ t:w Duteh trnding station of Nethers ndia, o ) Royond Red Cross | From the Baston Ty ansorin Another awinl food enming the Leginlatuie. — And the v lolp. bills Qross | pointed Andorran_letter carriers, but | control ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. What do you need to know? Is there. some point about your busthess or personal life that puzzles you? Is there something you want io know without delay? Submit your question to Prederic J. Haskin, director of our Washington Information Bureau. He is employed to help you. Address your inquiry to The Evening Star Informa- tion Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Di- rector, Washington, D. C., and inclose 2 cents in stamps for return postage. Q. Is Lindbergh a Mason?—D. P. A. He is a member of & Mason lodge in Detroit, Mich. Q. Are tourists spen: money in Canada for liquor?—T. C. A. In the province of Ontario last season tourists are credited with pay- ing $299.643 under the 3-cents-each- gallon tax, and $40,000 for their transient liquor permits, ;. Q. How many books on magic did Houdin{ eath to the Library of Congress?- L A, A. The collection as received com- prises 1,620 volumes and pamphlets and 107 volumes of periodicals on magic and 3,286 books and pamphlets and 134 “volumes of periodicals on the psychic. Q. Why is it believed that the moon has no atmosphere?—T. M. A. Its absence is }mwed by the. fact that at the time of an eclipse of the sun the moon's limb is perfectly dark and sharp, with no apparent distortion of the sun due to refraction. Simi- larly, when a star is occulted by the moon it disappears suddenly and not somewhat gradually as it would if its light were being more and more ex- tinguished by an atmosphere. There are other indications which lead to the same conclusions. Q. Why is Dem called the “Manassa Mauler”?— A. He was born in Manassa, Colo., which accounts for “Manassa.” “Mauler” was probably chosen because it was both alliterative_and descriptive. Q. Who were the Green Mountain Boys?—E. K. & A. The name was given to the soldiers of Vermont in the Revolution, originally organized in 1775 by Ethan Allen to oppose the claims of New York State to the Vermont Territory. The band held the Canadian passes ;n“mxv. the British- during the Revo- ution. ding much Q. What is the color of the Zionist flag’>—M. C. F. . The flag adopted by the Zionists is_white, with two horizontal biue stripes, Q. Is Cecil Beaux a native of this country?- 8. A. Bhe was born at Philadeiphis, Pa. Q. How many survivors of the Civil War are there now?’—B. B. 8. A. According to the report of the commissioner of pensions, there were 105,926 survivors of the Civil War on the roll at the end of the fiscal yesr ending June 30, 1926. The June, 1927, annual report is not available at pres- ent. However, there had been a lngs of practically 20,000 survivors between June 30, 1925, and June 30, 1926, and #t seems fair to assume that there would be a corresponding loss between the years 1926 and 1927, A. The Negro Year Book sa there are 68 towns and 23 sett! 8 in the United States eit: or entirely Ppopulated or controlled by negroes. Q. What city in the United States makes the most matches?>—J. C. B. A. Barberton, Ohig, has the largest output of matches of any city in this country. It is believed, also, that it heads the world output, Q. Who was the first woman to get a college degree’—W. L. G. A. The first diploma was awarded to Miss Catherine E. Brewer, by Wesleyan Pemale College, Macon, Ga. Miss Brewer, later Mrs. Benson, was the mother of Admiral Benson of the United States Navy. Mrs. Benson was the first woman in the world to sccure a college degree. Q. ‘What is the derivation of the word “caduceus,” and when did the word grslt: ;_npuz in English literature?— A. The word “caduceus” is from the Greek “karykion,” meaning “herald’s stafl.” Originally the term described the wands carried by the heralds of ancient Greece and Rome. It refers also to the fabled wand carried by Hermes or . the messenger of the gods. In its oldest form it was a rod ending in two prongs twined into a knot, for which later two serpents were substituted. The word is used in English literature as early as 1591 by Spenser and in 1606 by Shakespeare. Q. Is there such a thing as s fog- bow?—C. E. T. A. The name is applied to & faint whitish or rpsy-tinted bow, somewhat resembling a rainbow, seen in fog. BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. ‘There is a new war cloud rising over Europe. Perhaps Secretary of Sta :(eunnh“ht ’r'wne too early urneummmg- ng tl e no-war pact, proposed by Forelgn Minister Briand to apply only between the United States and France, should be extended over other great powers, for even now the Republic of | Andorra is laying a foundation for af invasion of Spain. with the aid and support of her ally, Prance. Andorra, like the Kaiser's empire in 1914. pro- fesses that this is a “war of defense” and not the beginning of a policy of imperialism. Spain may have a comeback “in prin- ciple,” but so did Belgium when the! Kaiser's armv invaded her and bom- | I (barded her cities. What will a defense | in principle avail #f Andorra’s guns are Ia; a barrage over the Spanish capi- | tal once reigned the Moor, nnd| where the Saracen ting so ‘When Col. Lindbergh visited British Honduras, he confessed that perhaps there were some Americans who knew nothing about that great country. If that be so or not. undoubtedly there also, for by law every man must pos- sess a gun and its ammunition, though appears no that any of them have ever touched the triggers. Andorra spreads over no less than 175 square miles, in the midst of the Pyrenees Mountains—on the Spanish | side. If it were rectangular, it would measure 10 by 17 miles. It has a pop- ulation of over 7,000 men, women and children. Grateful for the aid given him by | the people of Andorra inst the Moors in Spain, King Louis le ire cre- ated that little region into an inde- pendent nation, reserving to himself certain rights of suzerainty, which tit- ular headship later passed to the Bour- bons, and to the President of the Re- public of France. This is now shared by the Bishop of Urgel, Spain, who re- celves tithes, but whose representative is elected every three vears, while the President of France holds his suzerainty for life, The office is nominal: the actual government of the republic rests in their own council of twenty-four, clected by the heads of es. Until recently. its mail service was supervised by France and President | Doumergue of France tactfully ap- in controls its matls and is to Spaniards. 1f full postal | 0 Spain, the Spanish | censorship may follow as an entering wedge to destroy Andorran independ- ence running back to AD. 805. So a | delegation of Andorrans has gone. to ! Pagis to appeal to the utular chief, | Doumergue. Spain’s justification 18 | that, within Andorra, some of th: Span- | tsh_rebels have plotted thelr revolls, and. therefaore. in must control the i little vepublic in her own defense. In princtple, or “in the small” situation is w ich of many & war which has shaken civilization. o The recent meeting fn Washington | of the American Historieal Assoctation | has served to awaken interest in the storles of wars and the unrehability of | histories in general and American patri- | otio stortes fn particular. 1t halt be | true that modern “sclentifie™ hhh\nal\\' Are NOW exposing 10 us Rip Van Wine kles, then it is no wonder that "xr«-l dom shrieked" when a Pole fell and it is plausible that there mav yet be some shrieking over an Andorran post. Any- how, we discover how wrang the United States has alwaya been in its wars. This exposure comes in & new his- tory—“solentific by Charles H. Ham- In of the Atlantie Christian College, published by the Vanguard Press Asso- | clatjon (o Abalish Wars. We have als | Ways been m\n\f. and perhaps always will be wiong, That is because we ae American 1 Far example, take the American Revs | olution! Great Britain had werely fol- | lowed the general euskom i her wavi- | gation laws, \wuu‘u& the ealmmes W tade exolusively with the mother country, but the waruly Aweriean eol- ontsts had violated the law by tradug With the Duteh, and John Haneock was BRI <Ot R IAITRRCe Agent. He was sued by the Mritsh for $a00- 000, A3 & penalty for smugsting, and John - Adais was his attorey, That waa what started all the troul Just W5 oy, AL Binith save (he Hauar laws Wight and ahould be enforved white ey Are Llemporriiy) o the statute books, s the slateamen of Creat Bt Al insisted > u\l\;\u‘l ::: ::I: AERIAAL s AN - o h"mv\ of the calanista, wha W ot the s \ “"éi%‘:‘:“:‘ Wodern tarii lu"n: Al WAt protest of Mo q now giving this | | tea, which was taken | very wicked! taxation without representation’ has of Independence was signed, or else they confused it 'flhlhe’l’o'nswhxwm;: the stupid colonists who annual imports from 1.363.000 pounds > to only 504,000 pounds in 1769, five years before the Revolution. Agitators caused that act of rebellion. The “leaders’ § ish shippers. The act of throwing over- board $75.000 worth of tea was “de- struction of private part of the participants.” moderate element in Boston wanted the tea paid for and the action repudiated.” That is just like it is now. when Eu- ropean holders of bonds of the South- ern Confederacy are clamoring for Con- gress to radeem the bonds. So Great Britain in 1774 passed five acts: Close the port of Boston until that tea bill is collected: revise the charter of Massachusetts; send to ments, “These acts were all legal ™ The tenth cause of the Revolution Wwas a movement to have an Episcopal bishop. who would be appointed in land. come and reign over the msu'oc:ll:‘nmaes But the man who the tion of Independence not in the Episcopal Church and forgot to put that in the Declaration. *xox o Of course. any country which owed its birth to such mistaken oppesition to the mher{ country would always go wrong reafter. England never im- pressed 6017 President Madison said. causing our War of 1812—she took only about 2000, e the United States was acting as a har- bar for her deserters from the Briush taught in the Atlantic Christian Col- lege—and elsewhere. Besides, r.any Americans wanted to annex Canada; that made the tsh Jealous. Tom Jeff: i incipient conspiracy. They talked as though that were our “mani- fest destiny,” and later the movement ETew conspicuous in 1812 and ‘13 Ran- dolph of Virginia, in 1813 declared on the floor of Congress: “Ever since the report of the committee on foreign re- lations came into the House. we have heard but one word--like the wh poor-will with but one eternal uanx: ur;:\:x tune ~Canada! Canada! Can- adats Does not that prove how e were to put ou! ¢ fire when the Brit- fsh burned the White House and looted the Capital® Our War of 1813-how L Later. see how President Madison and Secretary of State Montve acted about Florida and Texas—ploiting to SUY up revolt in doth States so we could &TAD more territory. The author dacks up his exposure by quoting that faverite patriof, Muzzev who, he savy showed in his The United Stat Through the Civil War: ™ 1812 was a blunder. Tt was unneces- sary, impolitie, untimely and rash* m\\oc&:mx. perhaps all right*s So ! to the Martnes-and our schoal children! Histortan Hamlin reminds us that that war was uniustifiad decause “The English arders - council, the cause af the war were repealed fdays after the war was declared, Defure news of its decloration had reached England ™ S0 1t was another Anmerican bl nder of course. Al the Mexican War, and the Civil War and o Cudan and Padippine Wars the World War All-all A blunders! Hamin woves it and - a Sttt wpaiTiote - Amerts | AN historian, As for our particpation i the Werkt War, take the sinking of Ww . - m:‘.::un‘:‘ wuhv. IU'M” Warnad by Clermany that the ship Do sunk, beowuse 1t oarvied -\-g: Al Page I England N IS 10 boar on preven allies from eonsid Clerman w osaly for t‘« I 1E and 1T “r. age s to W N e o W Whe war—eacapi - that Wilian was “pro-Bodiah i & WY, and s shared Pagey 1y, Even My Twmwity s quoted as CNIE Wiken was Bever Praive be that some of s Am\\nm_ m the fnee of tm“'.fl\w e