Evening Star Newspaper, December 13, 1927, Page 8

'HE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morming Kdition. WASHINGTON, D C. TUESDAY....December 13, 1927 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newspaper “ompany LY um”:n frase. A ! naylvania Ave. New York 10 Eas 1 8t B Af, : Engiand, the Sundey morn Star with deliversd by oarriers wi per month: daily voly by Mall—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. L lwe Son 1mo 28 Tvr $800: 1 mo B 1er. $300° 1 me Equity for Washington. Coupling the District’s demand for national representation in ('mm-us} and the electoral college with that fe fiscal equity in the restoration of the fixed ratio plan of Capital main tenance. Senator Arthur Capper last | night, before the Board of Trade, en- foined the citizens of the District to| *“go as far as they can and as strong | % they can” in asserting these rights. He expressed his approval of both propositions. In the past he has been a consistent, firm advocate of hoth political and fiscal equity for Wash- | ington. As chairman of the Senate District committee he has held strictly to the belief that the District should | be represented in Congress and that| It should receive the full measure of | justice in appropriations which s | pledged by the substantive law. Washington Is already going as far | #s it can and as strong as it can, in | Senator Capper’s words, to obtain this dual measure of equity from Con- gress. It has for a long period been laboring for mational representation through a joint committes of citizens representing numerous orzanizations and also unorganized Washington, unanimous in the demand that the members of the Capital community should be placed upon the same politi- eal plane as residents of the States in the matter of national representation. Through that committee the Capital eitizens have been given various hear- ings before committees of Congress, receiving steadily increasing fivorable | attention. Tt is now through the same agency preparing for other hearings at the present session, which it hopes will result in favorable reports to the two houses on the joint resolution proposing a constitutional amendment enabling Congress to grant national representation. In the same manner and degres the citizens of the Capital have Tought for fiscal equity, through a joint com- mittee on fiscal relations. That com- mittee for years resisted to change the ratio establishagin 1878 by which the United States contrib- uted fitty per cent of the total cost of Capital maintenance, The District was ably represented by that commit- tee throughout the investigation con- ducted by a joint committee of Con- gress. When the ratio was changed | the Citizens' Joint Committee pro- | tested, and when, without amendment or repeal of the substantive law, a change was effected to a lump sum of Federal funds arbitrarily placed at | $9,000,000, it continued its efforts to| secure the restoration of the fixed | ratio principle. Now the District | Commissioners have in an unanswer- | able presentation of the matter formally urged Congress to return to the substintive law,-and this recom- mendation is supported by the unani- mous voice of Washington. .The District cannot fight for its rights 2ny harder than it has fought during decades past. It has no voice in Congress, the body which makes its laws, which hears its petitions, which taxes it and determines the manner in which its funds shall be spent. It can go no further than it has gone already in demonstrating the imaquity of its political status and its fiscal relations with the United States. But Washington has always heen sustained In its hopes and aspirations by those friends in Congress who know the situation, who see it as ‘clearly as do the Washingtonians themselves and who constantly strive for equity for the District. It is en- couraged now by outspoken public advocacy of its cause by influential members of both houses, and it hopes that at this present session it will / gain its ends through the adoption by Congress of the constitutional amend- ment permitting the grant of national representation and through the res- toration of the substantive law in gov- erning appropriations. — oo | | i Tax reduction brings into ecalcula- tion figures reaching into hillions. Many a person who finds arithmetic frksome would rather pay a few extra dollars than go into the mathematical niceties, o The Oklahoma Blockade. Oklahoma's tangle grows more com- plicated. Troops are on guard at the State Capitol to prevent the holding ot & session of the Legislature called by its members for the purpose of im- peaching the governor and other State offieials. Upon application of the gov- ernor an Injunction has been granted y the court to forbid the assemblage of the houses. The House of Repre- sentatives, however, meets in secret session outside of the Capitol and adopts impeachment resolutions with mx counts, for presentation to the Senate for trial. The governor de- clares that he will abide by the deci- sion. of the court, rendered after formal hearing. - The members of the Legislature assert that they will con- tinue to.meet regardless of the court’s snjunction and will go through the es- tablished procedure of impeachment and trial. 1o this program the governor will probably refuse to appear or respond. us it is possible that conviction and ter from office may be voled by tion for a fe | axecutive’s Should the Senate adhere the Senate, wilh the governor refu: ing to acknowledge the legality of the trial and continuing to hold office. The charges against Gov. Johnston are as follows: Replacing civil au- thority with military authority; in competency; awarding a commission 18 peace officer to Jose Alvaredo, an alleged bank robber: the employment ot Kirby Fitzpatrick, an attorney, as counsel for the State banking depart- ment; the lllegal payment of $7.900 through a deficiency certificate on the banking department to employes charged by the House investigating committee to have been jllegally placed ou the pay roll, and conspiracy between the governor, his confidential secretary, Mrs. O. O. Hammonds, and an unnamed person, said to have been 1+ woman, in connection with the col- lection of a highway claim by a con- |tractor. These charges were adopted | by the House by votes of 49 to 3 and 40 | L0 15. Fifty-four members constitute | 1 quorum of the House, and on the highest poll fifty-five voted. The recurrence of these situations lin the States—Oklahoma has had one | heretofore and Texas has furnished | another example—shows the necessity of some method whereby the impeach- ment power of the Legislature should be freed from the restriction of the authority over the sum-| moning of a session. Most of t islatures bound by strict time limits. As stated yester in The | Star, all but four of them meet bien- They are in almost all cases elected simultaneously with the gov- ernor and are usually of the political complexion with him. {of executive dereliction are most likely to occur after the adjournment of legislative session. With sched- uled session after the time limit until the elaction of a new .Legisiature there can be no action If the governor, as in the present instance, refuses to call an extra session for the purpose of investigation, and, if the facts warrant, of impeachment and ouster. Obviously in these circumstances a | State” executive may, it the principle now invoked in Oklahoma is su tained, shield himselt from the conse- quences of improper official acts, a condition which is repugnant to the national sense of political security. Les- ay nially. same Acts no Washington's New Governors. ‘Washington follows with interest and notes with satisfaction the ap- pointment of able men to the four esmmittees of the House and Senate which are of such primary importance to the American Capital. The com- mittees on the District of Columbia of the House and Senate are responsi- ble for the legislation which governs the lives of the residents of Washing- ton. The subcommittees of the House and Senate appropriations commitees are charged with deciding the amount of annual expenditure upon the Cap-| ital, and the attitude of thase two sub- committees counts strongly in deter- mining the manner in which this an- nual ‘expenditure will be divided be- tween Capital and Nation. It is nat- ural that Washingtonians are pecul- iarly interested in the manner of men . thus selected to govern them. Men who devote time and Interest to the mportant task of upbullding the Capital will be rewarded by Ilnowledge‘! that they are taking an integral part in what is primarily a great national project. Men who take their tasks lightly and who dodge their responsi- bilities ean only be considered as hav- ing shivked their duties, mot only as Americans, but as the constituted rep- resentatives of hundreds of thousands of Americans. - In the main, Washington requires and asks one thing, and one thing only, of the members of these com- mittees. That one thing is a willing- ness to examine, deeply and intelli- gently, into both sides of the many questions and_problems placed before them for solution. Washington has never suffered at the hands of men in Congress who have been willing to give to its needs the same conscien- tious attention that they” are willing to devote to the needs of their own voting constituents. An Intelligent sxamination of Washington's problems has always resulted in Intelligent so- lutions. Intelligent solutions are fair <olutions, for unfairness results fun- damentally from lack of Intelligence. Washington has suffered in the past, and for the most part from the actions of members of Congress who fail to decide for themselves, on the basis of impartial study, Washington's prob- lems. It has suffered from the regret- table tendency of some members of Congress to jump at conclusions in- stead of approaching them in the manner that thelr importance de- serves, painstakingly and free from the influence of loose and often absurd statements and accusations. ‘Washington believes that the selec- tion of members who are to serve on the four important committees is a g00d seléction. It trusts that the new members of these committees will look upon their service as a privilege to share in the building of a great Amer- iean Capital. It hopes that many of Washington's most - trusted friends who for years have been members of these committees are to be joined by others who also will come to be re- garded, in the light of their labors, as trusted friends. o e California has a fine climate. Ora- { tors of various kinds have proved that its atmosphere is peculiarly good for the voice. . (U6 T TP - A Left Ear. some people in this country who are willing to go through the rest of their life with parts of their left ear missing. An advertisement in- serted in a Chicago paper, “Wanted, one left ear. Price twenty-five hun- dred dollars,” has demonstrated that twenty or more persons would be glad to exchange a section of their port hearing apparatus for cash. Those who are ready to make the bargain to ald in surgically repairing a Chi- cago womam who lost part of her ear in an automobile accident have evinced the destre to do so for a variety of reasons. They range from new fur coats to meeting necessities, and, as one put it, “No one cares how I look. anywa. 1t is a rather gruesome thing to think of a per permitting mutila- s, and it must be { he had not gone more than fifteen feet | when the policeman rushed up again Strange as it may seem, there are’ that financial needs are pressing to submit te such a sacrifice. Having discovered that there Are ‘so many peopls willing to undergo such an operation, the woman who caused the advertisement to be inserted might well reconsider her plans, attain a tianguil state of mind in spite of her slight deformity and distr.bute some of her largess among those un- fortunates who would go to such lengths ‘to secure the necessities or luxurles of life, ot Harassing the Public. An almost perfect exhibition of how a policeman should not act in the per- formunce of his duties as the guardian of the law was given recently by an officer in New York. This realous traffic policeman, eager to be of service to the city in preventing accidents and arresting law breakers, had evi dently spent a dull day. But just after | nightfall he spied an atrocious d-\pdi being committed. A matorist had stopped at Fifty-seventh street and Fifth avenue, flagrantly vielating the parking regulgtions, ‘The policeman rushed over, pulled out his watch and dramatically announced that the driver was under arvest for parking one min- ute. The motorist, with a summons in his pocket, continusd on his way, but and handed him another summons be- cause his tail light did not properly show all of the tag numbers. The motorist wiped his brow, asked “Is that all?” and started oft again. He had turned the first corner when the | same policeman chugged alongside on his motor cyclé, motioned him to the and handed him a third summons ¢ rounding the corner at fourteen miles an hour. With bandits tearing through the streets and with hit-and-run drivers adding to the toll of dead and injured, an exhibition of police inefficiency such as this is decidedly disquieting. Tt is the policemen of this type who bring discredit upon the force by the futility of their efforts in aiding a city to fight crime. The poor motorist who stopped for ‘one minute should have been told to move on, it his light was not shin- ing propérly he should have been warned and he never should have been arrested for younding the corner at the conservative speed of fourteen miles an hour: “There are alwaysa few of this type of | policemen in the department of every | city. They fail utterly to understand | the fundamentals of their duties and show no tact or discretion in their dealings with the public. Their idea of police work is to drag a veputable business man out of his car and to send him to the precinct station in the patrol wagon because his tall light had burnt out. It is this type that sees no difference between the parking vio- lator and the drunken driver who ca- reens down the street at sixty miles an hour. The power of authority is his and he means to let the public know that he possesses it. The sooner such men are weeded from the force, the sooner police efficiency will dis- place what appears to be a campaign of inefciency and public harassment. — et Having sald he does not choose to be a candidate, President Coolidge leaves the situation te the lexicogra- phers. The word “choose” suddenly requires a_remarkable amount of re- search for an accurate definition, e Remus had a great deal of money. Old histories are ruthlessly submitted to revision. Old copy books announe- ing that “Honesty 1s the Best Policy" still stand. B An affort to induce Balkan. states to live amicably meets with difficulty, as it appears o contradict ancient custom e AAE SRS SR SHOOTING STARS. Ry PHIFANDER JOHNSON. Rests While Others Work. T met a man in odd attire. His smile was sonmething to admire. Each one he met said, “Howdydo!" And, “We are much obliged to you His task appeared but small indeed. ‘While we all rushed at topmost speed, ‘We found the time to bow and pause And murmur, “Hello, Santa Claus! 0, Santa, you are still the saint, Strangely benevolent and quaint. Your business has grown oversized. You've had to have it organized. ‘We strive to see it rightly done, Myself and neighbors, every one. The patron saint you seem to be Of cheer; likewise efficiency. Public Demonstration and Private Sentiment. “You must not forget the rights of the people.” “I never do,” answered Senator Sor- ghum. *“I have delivered’ many ora- tions on that subject. Even some of the political bosses who were running the game applatded my remarks with great enthusiasm.” Salesmanship. T bought some things I did not need. The salesman was polite indeed. Though high the prices at his store, 1 shall go back and buy some more. Jud Tunkins says people used to bet a man couldn't eat thirty quail in thirty days. Now many a person would be mighty grateful for a chance to try. Kind to Animals. “What have become of the cow- punchers who used to hang out around the Gulch?” “We have all gone into Wild West movies,” answered Cactus Joe. “Any one of us would expect to be reported immediately to the 8, P. C. A. if he were to forget himself and strike a cow.” “He who talks in his sleep,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “is to be commended over many who speak in wakefulness. He disturbs only himselt.” Climatic Extremes. My old thermom, you seem to make My life a burden, willy-nilly, And calmly ask, “Which will you take, A sunstroke or a chilblain chilly?" “I goes to church,” said Uncle Eben, “an finds comfort in seein’ some o' my neighbors dat is out o' mischief o e i it BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. One%of the bast known clubs in the National Capital, so the tale goes, has Dlished a ban on the speaking voice over tha radio. Twe “hoys” are charged with the Awgy of turning the radio set on and off. for the sole purpose of banishing from the elaborate loud speaker the s of announcers and speakers. . first time either announcer or radio orator is heard, according to authentic reports, the two “boys” will be fired. Ther job depends upon the completeness with which they main- a flow of pure music. ow that 1s exactly the sort of club thousands of radio “fans” would like to belong to! There are many listeners who feel, and have felt, for many inonths, that the voice of the an- nouncer is unnecessary, and that speeches over radio are redundant. There is no quarr:l, of eourse, with addresses of national import The broadeasting of such speeches fis a v of stations, and serves a national ed in drawing’ the people of the country together. The ceaseless chatter, however, of announcers and speakers, by and large, is distinctly another matter. Here, many feel, the great art and science of broadeasting has reverted to the of the phonograph. there who does not recall rst wax records, with the sharp, decisive and nasal voice of the man who told one the name of the selection and the name of the manufacturer, ending with the unforgettable pro- nunciation of *rec-ord”! * K K k¥ Perhaps every “listener-in” has wished, at some time or other, that his set had a switch sénsitive to spoken words—a switch which would automatically turn his set off when the speaking began. The stations, it must be admitted. | do much better in (his regard than | formerly. In the early days of pop ular broadeasting the announcer in sisted on telling the name and com- poser of gach composition both be- fore and after the number. The call letters and location of the statjpn were blandly put on the.air every minute or two, for the express purpose, we were led to believe, of helping out the “DX" fans. How horrible, we were told, for the faithful seekers after distant sta- tions to he forced to listen to five minutes of music, only to be re- warded by silence when they wanted to know the name of the station to which they had listened! The whole industry revolved around the “log,” we were led to suppose. The sole purpose of radio broadcasting, we came to believe, was to permit the owners of radio sets to feverishly tune in new sta- tions, and then to proudly jot down the call letters; owner and city of the stations so logged. It made no difference what the station sounded like, or how weak, just so the dabbler in the ether could pick up “out-of-town” station: The voice of the announcer fn those far days (five years ago!) meant more than the sweet®oprano voice, or the contralto voice, or the “voice” of the violinist or of the great orchestra. So the air came to be crammed with stations, large and small, vying with one another In an effort to “step out,” and it is only today, under the authority of the Federal | elub Radie Commission, that steps are being taken to clear the ether of heterodyning stations, especially on the low wave lengths. * K K K Today all that, is changed. Radio has definitely cast itself on the side of music. The stations themselves have cut down on the number and length of speeches, and have decisively shortened the total time of announcers through- out a program. ‘Whereas in the old days the nouncer, gave the name and compos station call letters, ete, both before and after every number, the fashion today with most stations is to “cut in” only two or three times during an hour's program with the mere mention of the name of the station. Tone is the ideal of 1927 rather than distance. Fven owners of powerful sets are willing to listen to good local programs rather than attempt to enjoy a mixture of music and static. The writer has heard many wonder- ful sets, including some of the very latest on the market, bhut on none of them has he heard out-of-town stations n- | come in with quite the same pure tone as the first-class local station. If one is blessed (or cursed) with a good ear he will discover certain amall gurgles or tone bubbles, as one might say, accompanying distance reception. The supersensitive set. which is ahle to detect and build up the signals from a distance, also Is supersensitive in bringing in everything else that is in the air—static, clicks of elevators, transformer noises and so on. The music lover will be willing to let the broadcasters wrestle with the problem of long-distance transmission and content himself with listening to a8 fine-toned music as he can get— which will be from his local station, jeverything else being equal. * ok ok % Not every one, it must be admitted, would go to the extent of the local in banning the sound of the speaking voice entirely. Perhaps some ardent “fans” would put an embargo on the fox-trot, the popular dance music of the day, which seems to be doled out in New York month by month to the statlons, such |and such numbers to be played ad nauseam until the listeners.in wish for peace at any price. Others might put a taboo on the piano or the soprano. Several years ago these were the chief “black beasts of thousands, but today it is seen t! their discrimination was largely due to the fact that the older sets would not bring in certain frequencies, especially the lower ones, and that therefore the soprano voice and the piano sounded “tinny.” Every one likes the sound of his own voice, of course. We have often thought that the radio announcer must be the most tempted young man in this respect in the world. Not only does he hear himself speak, but he has the inner knowledge that “3,. 000,000 people” are listening to him every time he opens his mouth. Think of it, listeners-in! Napoleon aroused his troops to frenzy by stand- ing at the Pyramids and declaring, “Soldiers, forty centuries look down upon you!” The radio announcer whispers to himself, “Three million people are listening to me bleat! This is an op- portunity I must not miss.” And you va,n l;:t your boots that he doesn’t miss It! & Resent Democrat Women’s War On Donkey as Party Emblem Friends of the donkey as an emblem of the Democratic party have rallied to its support in answer to the attack of the Women's Democratic Club of Philadelphia, which decided that the animal is “altogether too unsightly" to represent a great national political organization, “Base ingratitude” is the reply of the Omaha World-Herald, which asks: “What has his beauty or lack of beauty to do with it? Who thinks the party selected him in the first place because of his pulchritude? The party selected him for his staying powers. Years. and years of mauling and pummeling and berating have passed since then and he is still with you. You can’t wear out a donkey. You can beat him and curse him and threaten him and ridicule him, but you can't wear him down. He Is a. glutten for punishment. * * ¢ Now, we submit, there is an emblem as is an emblem. Let us cling to him with jealous pride and with at least a modicum of that unswerving deter- mination which makes him the mule he is and provides the party he so nobly represents with whatever of promise future days may hold.” “If the good and wise donkey should be expelled from his present post of party service and honor,” asks the Syracuse Herald, “what beast or bird or fish could be found worthy to take his place? Surely not the camel, despite his faculty of going a long time between drinks. Besides, there is the camel's suggestion of desert life, which no aspiring Democrat likes to contemplate. Ransack as it will the whole menagerie of the barnyard and the wilds, of the air and the mighty waters, the Democratic party can find no creature of equal or lesser compass that can compare Wwith the donkey as a breathing compendium of stanch and homely, and therefore Democratic, virtues. * K K K “The donkey is a symbol of pa- tience, and Democrats should be re- minded constantly that they have need of patience,” advises the Detroit News. ‘“Also the donkey is an emblem of peace, and the party is in dire need of outlawing war within its ranks. Nor is this all. The donkey is a humorous sort of animal, half beast of drudgery and | half four-footed philosopher—a seriocomic fellow, given to braying sometimes, docile for the most part and likely to kick only when hard pressed or frighttully abused. No, the Democrats without the donkey would be a lonesome lot. As for the eagle, he has wings: but what the Democrats need is perti- nacity, and the donkey has that. As long as the G. O. P. and the Demo- crats are in the political game, the elephant and the donkey as symbols should remain.” “The party whose emblem it has been,” suggests the Terre Haute Star, “hoasts of ils nearness to the hearts of the common people. Its spell- binders appeal to those worthy citi- zens close to nature and the fruits of the soil. While this tradition may seem somewhat frayed in our modern scheme, it still serves the purpose of the stump. The donkey should be more acceptable than the le, sug- gested by the Philadelphians, which certainly represents the acme of aloof- ness from the pulse of the American public.” Advising the women of the party to “come out to Nevada and see the donkey at his best,” the Reno Gazette pays this tribute to the burro: “His voice 18 not pleasant, and his raucous ‘hee-haw’ often comes lll-timed to the ears of the sleeper in mining camps, but there is the American trait in him of uttering his protests out loud, 1o never murmurs, he shrieks. He is no peacock in' appearance, elther, but wears a sober coat of gray. And he survives the coldest Winters and the hottest Summers on the desert, satis- fled with a few acres of sagebrush for fodder, and a nibble at the edge of a blanket or gunnysack for dessert. * ¢ Stick to the donkey! He | brays, it is true, but he works for his living."” i * * foh at least a couple of hours on Sun- day wmornin'." __+ A question of fact ig raised by the Columbias Record, which submits that ¢ “what the dear Philadelphia ladies do not seem to understand is that it was the donkey that adopted the party and not the party that adopted the donkey. He will be as hard to get rid of,” adds that paper, “as Tartarin’s sentimental camel or Jiggs' elephant.” The same historic fact is brought out by the New Haven Register, which, however, observes: “It never voted the Demo- cratie ticket, so far as is known. It never showed and particular democ- racy of spirit. It never voiced any Democratic doctrines that we know of. Still, it has become inseparably connected with that party, and there in all the world Referring to the action of a wom- an's’ democratic club in Spokane, which “voted unanimously that no other animal could be as appropriate,” the Spokane Spokesman-Review states: “The Democrats seem to have been singularly fortunate in their choice of a symbol. Whatever Democrat it was who chose the Missouri mule had more than the average amount of sagacity. The mule may he, biologi- cally, a hybrid, but he has stamina and stoicism, together with just the right amount of orneriness.” ‘And the Kansas City Post remarks that “the response to the proposed campaign against picturing the Democratic party as a sllken-eared quadruped will not ~ arouse great - feeling, except among the cartoonists] who, to a man, may be expected to resent the on- slayght on tradition.” On the’ other side of the question stands the Greenshoro Daily Record with the statement: “Fine! By all means get away from that old donkey. But before we do it let's see if the donkey hasn’t been symbolic after all,” Finding that the dictionary makes the donkey a “beast of burden” and a “stupid, obstinate fellow,” the Record concedes the appropriateness of the definition for the party itself, but says of the definition of the proposed eagle as symbol: “A Democratic party sym- bolized by this bird would be some party. The presidency would be the prey and the party with strength and size would go after that prey. Then add keenness of vision, the ability to pick the right men and see the future clearly and nothing would be lacking.” UNITED STATES IN WORLD WAR Ten Years Ago Today A number of American railway engineers are killed by German aerial bombs in a town behind the British front. * * * Secretary McAdoo, an- swering critics, defends waste in war when it means haste and the saving of human lives, * * * Gen. Crozier blames Secretary Baker for the de- lay in supplying machine guns to the Army. Tells Senate military affairs committee that War Depart- ment vacillated and allowed Ameri- can factorles to make munitions for the allies long after Congress author- ized appropriation for putting the Army on a war basis. * * ¢ Presi dent reappoints Gen. Crozier as chiet of ordnance, * * * Kood Adminis- trator Hoover calls for further sacri- fices by American people. Asks each household to add a porkless day to the wheatless and meatless days and to each day of the week a wheatless and meatless meal. Also asks limit on sugar of 3 pounds a month per individual. * * * Coal shortage acute, . Fuel administrator condemns melzures of coal by State officials. « ® « Ten thousand seven: hundred and one recruits enlist in Regular Army—a new record. ——— Dawes and Biblical Lore. From the Topeka Capital. In announcing that he is not a can- didate for President, but favors Gov. Lowden, Vice President Dawes may figure that the first shall be last and the flast first w the balloting is AT RANDOM LG M. THE WHITE MAN'S DILEMMA. Nathaniel Peffer. John Day Co. The nature of the dilemma is that it offers a compulsory choice between two courses, and only two, either of which promises as much of dubiety as the other, as much of dangér as the other. 'hese courses stand as t familiar two “horns of the dilemma’ fashioned, * apparently, to impale victims equally upon problems of per- plexing import, upon conclusions of doubtful securit “The White Man's Dilemma" is here reached through a study of the past hundred years, during which time Asia, Africa, the islands of the Seven Seas and other outlying parts of the | earth have, practically, come under the domination of the white man— men of Western Kurope and the United States. “This fact, a sheer physical fact, as undisnutable as heat and light, is imperialism.” The hook in hand is, at hottom, thefefore, an examination into the facts of imperialism—its nature, its objeet, its driving motive, its modes of operation, its first effects, its later re- actions, its ultimate problem. The later reactions to imperialism become a vital part of the study, combining with its earlier aspects io force the “dilemma” which constitutes both the pith and the point of the matter as & whole. Never before has the world been in such deep and widespread turmoil as since the Great War. The new contacts created by that event brought to many an obscure people fresh ideas of independence. Sub- stantial war service at a time of deep uncertainty and anguish exalted these people to a sense of their own impor- tance. ‘“‘Self-determination” became a name to conjure with. Old hatreds of domination revived, old national pride broke out anew. So, today, imperial- ism, both as a fact and in its subtler effects, is under direct challenge India, China, Egypt, Morocco, Turkey are openly in revolt. And protesting the mentorship of our own country are the Philippines and certain parts of Latin America. The demonstration— simultaneous, widespread, manned by millions—is not to be ignored. It is not soutced in the imaginings of a scholarly theorist. Daily press reports verify it in a hundred news items. This writer, gathering the patent facts, has gone backward on a quest of the causes and these lie, he says, in an imperialism based on economics and industry, rather than upon the older and more familiar moral and political issues. And along the way to the “dilem- ma” itseif the author gives the story ot the white man encroaching upon the domain of the rest of the world, in a pursuit of the wherewithal for his own material aggrandizement. It is a story that pounds facts into the reader, whether he be receptive to them or not. A story that is as splendid as it.is cruel. Then, by and by, the dilemma is handed out to readers, to the world. Then, the question: Is the dominant man, the white man, going to make another war, deliberately make another war, greater and more destructive than the world has yet known? Or is he, belatedly, going to realize—both as business and as humanity—the sit- uation of the backward people, deal- ing with them in patience, in justice, in co-operation, in general support until they, too, have learned the les- son of civilization over which the leading race feels so much of self- glorification? Which? And, right at this point, the spirit of the writer, manifest throughout the study, comes to sharp focus. He has very little faith in the idealism of man, or in his good sense either, as mat- ter of fact. Maybe he is right, but there are many who will dispute this sentiment with him. Here is a sam- ple of his no-faith, ‘which as a scholar he supports by history: “Can human- beings ever learn anything from anything? In the light of all history, of recent history in par- ticular, a degree of optimism is im- plicit in the question. They never did. Yet It is the key question. And at the end of the study, having posited the ‘dilemma’ of the white man, he is still not very hopeful as to his making the better choice of the two courses open to him. “We of the western empires ap- pear to be In the position of the gentleman in the Chinese adage who is riding a tiger. He does not want to stay on and he dares not get off. It is not revealed how he took his mount. No doubt, like ourselves, he was_constrained by a situation be- yond his control. More prosaically, we are caught in a dilemma and we| shall have to seize either horn. * s ¢ Above all, our best hope lies in making the decision while it is still ours to make; either consciously, on full deliberation and knowing why, rigorously to suppress the rebellious subject nationalities, now when the initiative is ours, and there is more likelihood that we can, or at once to get about the business of liquida- tion and cut them loose, now when there is more likelihood that the sur- gery will not be fatal to ourselves.” * K K K OUR GREAT EXPERIMENT IN DEMOCRACY: A History of the United States. Carl Becker. Harper & Bros. : Here _is an historical study of most flluminating sort—that is, to the gen- eral reader’s fair knowledge of the history of the United States, the writer offers opportunity for follow- ing an important line of our develop- ment, from the inception of that line to its present place and status. Nat- urally, the story begins with the origins of democracy in this countr: with the conditions that particular] favored ideas of equality, with the conditions that continued to foster them, and at the same time served to draw the country away from the government -of England. And this drawing away from the mother coun- try comes to be, in the hands of this writer, such a natural thing to do, so urced in the daily life of the New orld, so plausibly and properly re- sistant to the selfish trade demands of the money-makers over the sea, that one reads it as if it were a part of his own immediate concerns and daily interests, even though it all took place so long ago. It is all, however, a familiar land to the reader, and the human nature that it portrays is exactly the same as that which is operating so energetically at the moment. The story goes on, too, with many faces of democraty—to that one alone whose interest is in govern- ment, and rebellion, and revolution and, finally, in self-government and a new United States. On the contrary, this study deals with many other ap- plications of the great fundamental idea—applications so familiar nowa- days as to stand among our unques- tioned acceptances. | Democracy ap- plied to the distribution of free lands in the West is a stirring romance, based upon fact itself, whereby homes and opportunity were given to the sterling people who made use of the wonderful chance, Democracy look- ing in upon slavery is another sort of story, a record of industry and economics that for the time being turns a blind eye upon the old and unhappy institution that has gone forever. Democracy applied to educa- tion summarizes the beginnings of the public school system and follows the progress of this system till now, out in the West, university training is also a part of this free giff of learn- ing to the youth of America. Indus- trialism in its bearing upon equality of classes and equality of opportunity discusses ldbor and capital, as well as other orders that have come as an outgrowth of an industrial age of henomenal importance and promise. ANSWERS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Q. Is Maude Adams the real name of the actress?—M. D. V. | A. Adams is the maiden name of the actress’ mother. The family name is Kiskadden. Q. Why does bituminous coal burn with a longer flame than anthracite?— 8. G. A. It contains more volatile mat- ter. Both coals are composed mainly of hydrogen and carbon, but in vary- ing proportions. Bituminous contains more hydrogen than anthracite does. Q. What is the latest world record tor gliders?—S. P. A. There is no longer any interna- tional recognition given to glider rec: | ords. This is now a matter of national | record. The last fnternational glider record was established by Comman- dant Massaux on July 26 1925. He | remained in the air for 10 hours 29| minutes 43 seconds. According to a ! newspaper article this record was | broken a month or so ago by Ferdi- nand Schulz, who flew for 14 hours and 7 minutes without stopping. Q. What States have guarantee of | deposits in banks?—R. E. K. A. As far as we have been able to ascertain, the following States have the bank guarantee on deposits: Kan- sas, Texas, Nebraska, MIssissippl, North and South Dakota and Wash- ington. Oklahoma had such a law, but has repealed it. Q. What is necessary to make a balanced goldfish aquarium?—S. M. P. A. A well balanced aguarium should maintain two goldfish 2 inches long, exclusive of tail; one frog tadpole and four snails. One-fourth the bottom area should be planted with suitable aquatic vegetation, the ends or roots or which should be imbedded in the sand or gravel to a depth of from one to one and one-half inches. In set- ting the plants care must be taken to distribute them evenly over the entire bottom, so as #o admit the light and provide for the free movement of the fishes. In choosing the snails care should be taken to select those which do not feed upon plants. The best ones are the Planorbes and Vivipara. Snails help to keep down the growth of algae, while the tadpole will act as scavenger and eat up_ all offal and waste matter in the aquarium. ‘When A | the United States i provided with a resting place on the surface of the water, or it will drown, For a five-gallon aquarium two hand. some specimens of fringetail goldfish will probably make the best, showing. Q. Was a member o the firm of Sears, Roebuck & Co. a negro?— w. & Co. has supplied with the follow. ing information r. Sears was a white man, a native-born American, His parents also were native-born Amerdeans. His ancestry, 1 under- stand, were Scotch-Irish. Mr. was born in Minnesota, and cated there. He was a operator until he entered business in a small way for himself. Mr. Roe. buck alse was a white man, a native. Born American, living in Minnesota where he and Mr. Sears met, hefore going into the jewelry business, their first venture.” Q. What is the President's salary? e The salary of the President of 75,000 a year. Q. ‘What is the verse on ths moni. ment erected to the two English sol. diers near the Concord Bridge?— E. MeD. A— “They came three thousand miles and died To keep the Past upon its Throne; Unheard, beyond the ocean tide, Their English mother made her moan.” Q. What {s the depth of Nero Deep? —A. W. D. A._One of the deepest known spots in all the oceans is Nero Deep in the viecinity of Guam. Waters have been sounded to a depth of 30,000 feet with- out finding bottom. Frederic J. Haskin is employed by this paper to handle inquiries of our readers, and yow are invited to call upon him as freely and as often as you please. Ask anything that is o matter of fact and the authority will be quoted you. There is no charge for this service. Ask what you want, sign your name and address and inclote 2 cents in stamps for return postage, Address The Evening Star Inform tion Burcaw, Frederic J. Haskin, d about to become a frog it must be “Blood will tell!” Boston began with a tea party in which a whole eargo of tea was dumped. Now she's got the habit. Today Boston hotel and restaurant keepers have gone beyond tea and propose to dump all beef— from beef tea to shin bone; they re- solve, after magny whereases, that beef costs too much and is too tough and tasteless, so they advise and urge all patriotic “injuns” to discard beef until the cow that hr jumped over the moon descends and keeps her feet on.the ground. A few weeks ago the writer had the pleasure of traveling across the briny waters in company with Sir Thomas Lipton, who, in speaking as an ex- pert, it not as an Irishman, declared that if that tea had been—well, a cer- tain brand, not a pound of it would have been dumped. Quality will tell, whether in tea or rib roast. Talk to a Britisher as 4 o'clock strikes the hour about dumping tea—tea—it will bring on apoplexy or madness. Now what will happen to Bostonians who are asked to dump roast beef and rector, Washington, D. C. BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. lation was 75,994,575, and there were 57,500,000 cattle ready to feed-them. Today, there is a human population of 117,135,517, with no increase in cattle. In 1920, when our population was 106,418,224, we had 71,000,000 head of cattie—the increase due to the stimulation of war demands and prices. Today- have a population estimated by the Census Bureau of 118,000,000, but our cattle supply has dropped to 57,500,000—just what it was when our population stood at 75,994,575, Tk kKX That does not tell the whole story, for tha::dn{’n lte;eral :‘:aa of beef, recogal e markets. i ‘]'Bh‘o best {rada is called “prime’ and it constitutes only. about § per cent of the total. Boston hotels Tike to list on their menus “prime” roasts, and it the hotels and restaurants which are now leading the party boycotters. Even statesmen do not feed in Washington on “prime, and perhaps today. Bostoniana - are ¥ 3 It is almost as sacri- s to suggest no beans for * k¥ ¥ Of course, Washingtonians are not directly affected by the revolt in Bos- ton, for we do not—we cannot—get even such beef as Bostonians feed on normally. So say the high authori- ties of the Government. Our market will not justify handling “prime” or “choice” ‘meats. They are reesrved for Boston and New York. We ple- beians of the National Capital eat what is technically branded as ‘“medium grade slaughter steers,” or, when we are saving up for Christmas money, we chew on ‘common grade slaugh- ter steers” and cows. If there is a payment due bn Lizzle, we may even satisfy our cravings with hash of “cut- ter grade of slaughter steers.” That does not necessarily imply that an or- dinary knife will cut “the ‘“cutter grade,” but an ideal safety will do so fluently, * ok ok ok But in Boston they actually get— at least, in first-class hotels—what is spoken of most respectfully as “prime grade slaughter steer roasts” and big, thick, juicy “bifsteks,” temptingly “marbled” with veins of fat running all through the red lean. And then it is cooked just right, for any chef who can make even beans palatable excels in roasts of “prime beef.” Yet, in spite of this, there is even today & second Boston dumping party—as en- thusiastic as was the second A. E. F, journey back to the battlefields of France, and as determined as was the historic tea party of yore. Tconoclasts of history may deny that there ever was a William Tell or Paul Revere, but the fact that the sins—or dumps—of the Boston fathers descend to their great-great-grand- children of 1927, in the inherited tend- ency to heave overboard the: food ‘of the hungry, proves bevond .a guibble that that tea party by the Indians was really a white affair camouflaged. Not even modern pacifists can charge that as ultra-militarist, for it is inherited in the blood. It cannot be officially confirmed that the gradual lowering of beet grades in Massachusetts had anything to do with the refusal of a certain Yankee to choose to rum, for no one can run who chews illy. -Will Congress add to its investigations by inquiring: “On_what meat does this, Caesar feed, That he has grown so—independ- ent?” our * ook ok Official records throw light on the “background of this event,” for it ap- pears that irrevocable law of supply and demand remains upon the statute books of trade. In 1900 the population of cattle in the United States was 57,500,000 head, and by 1904 it had increased to 64. 000,000; “slaughter caught up with production in 1904, and for the next eight years we slaughtered more than we produced, and all those years, while cattle raisers were unloading, the prices were falling. The fact that we were exporting beef in those years showed that we had a surplus, de- preciating home market prices, Then the war came in 1914, and prices rose, which stimulated farmers and cattle breeders and feeders to in- crease their herds, and, in spite of in- creased demand throughout the war, our production grew in equal pace, until in 1918-1920 we had a cattle popu- lation of 71,000,000. Now in 1927 we again have 57,500,000 head, for since 1918 cattle owners have been unload- ing at considerable loss, due to lower prices than in war times, and lower purchasing value of the money they could get for their cattle. While we today count 57,500,000 head of cattle, the same as in 1300, it must be remembered that the pro- portion of cattle to people is very different. In 1900, our human popu- first place, and a great !!nry of sur- passing theme. It is an orderly and authentic story. Besides, it is pro- jected in a spirit of fair dealing, in a he whole is definitely caleulated to be of prime importance te American readers, It is a spirited story in the spirit of understanding, in a wise and mellow and most stimulating, effect upon anybody reading it. ¥ not getting - “prime” beef, but are getting “choice”—the ~next grade; that means ‘“‘tflu bred cattle, which aye been ned six or montha., Bub that ;uxom- 18 lim- ited to 5 per cent of the total. Next comes “good” grade slaughter steers-—like Washingtonians eat. Could it be possible that some of that grade is being foisted onta Boston® Twentx:five per cent of the total is “good.” Believe it or not, ye only 15 per cent as “common’ “cutter”” Boston has named a park after that mext to the last grade, but no cattle really feed on the Common. Why the park if Bostonians always eat the prime? * X x* The wholesale price of a quarter of choice heef, on December 3, in New York and Boston, in 1926 was 18 cents a pound; in 1927, it was 25 cents. The Washington quality on the same . dates was 14.95 cents In 1926, and 17.26 cents in 192 At retail, in Boston and New York, in 1926 a porterhouse cost 8713 cents a pound; in 1927, it cost 75 cents. A porterhouse of Washington's best, December 3, 1926, cost 373 cents and in 1927 the same cost 50 cents. I8, then, that Boston strike sending torth another “'shot that will be heard round the world,” even to the Nation's Capital? Tough !:lcl(—or something! * kK X Has the farmer profited by the rise in retail or even wholesale market prices on cattle? The Department of Agriculture says: “The purchasing _power of cattle and calves advanced during 1926 and has gradually worked upward since 1922, but has a considerable way o 82 before reaching the high level reached in 1914.” . Taking the average price of from August, 1908, to 1914, as the price in 1910 was rated at 1914 at 123, and 1920 at 68, 192 and 1926 at 77. ‘That is the purchas ing power, not the price. Today, the average price of steers of all grades is 50 per cent higher than one yeAr ago, but the department assigns prac tically all, the rise” to shortage of supply. E cattle “100." 90: in at 63 kR On last January 30, the Depirtment of Agriculture issued Circular 101, pre- dicting market conditions for 1927 In that, it said: ° g “The number” of cattle marketed in 1927 will pr:blbly materially les® than in 1926, Unusually heavy slaughter of cattle and calves during 1926 reduced numbers on farms and ranges in the United States to th® lowest point in many years. The de- mand for beef is expected to continue at about the same £4 the highest on record. of increased competition from or from other meats in the domestic market is in sight. of slaush ter cattle are expect to averase somewbat higher than in 1 ocke? and feeder cattle will probably a strong active demand throughout the eRr. attle numbers décreased in 1926 e nged heavy slaugh- cause of the ter of cattle and calyes. The inspect®d slaughter of cattle was the third lar&" est on record, exceeded only by the slaughter of 1917 and 1918; the in- spected slaughter of calves was (h° second Jargest, exceeded only by the slaughter in 1825. ‘the combined slaughter was second largest, exceed: ed only by the slaughter of 1918. ¥ ook | . “What are-we going to eat in plac® rof f, to get the same calories P°¥ { dollar?” was aske@ of the head of home economics of the Department of Agriculture. “We don't get caivties from beel; we eat beef for its protein and flavor— not its heat-energy, for calories do not exist except in'the fat, and few people eat the fat, except Jack Sprat's wife. Oh, for a good cut of reindeer! The main trouble about beef is the spoiling in jts cooking. It is generally over: done, or st ed until it loses its fla- vor. Now the way to cook a roast is— “Rut that's another story.” 100 in- teresting to wag the present tepic by | the tail. (Copyrizht. 1927, by Paul V. Collas.)