Evening Star Newspaper, November 16, 1927, Page 8

_Ancreasin | 2 {I'HE EVENING S$TAR * With Sunday Morning Féftion. WASHINGTON, D. C. SWEDNESDAY.November 16, 1027 THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office 11th St. and Pennsylvania New York Office: 110 Fast Chicazo_Ofce: Tower B Furopean Office: 14 Regent St. London, England. ve. st. ay morn- » Fvening Star with the . e within dition 1s delivered by ¢4t G0 cents per mont s ver month: Sundavs only. Tmonth.. Orders may be sent by mal or u B000. Coliection 15 made by of cach mounth. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. .1yr. $9.00: 1 mo.. ): 1 mo. All Other States and Canada. nday.1 yr. $1200: 1 mo.. & W1srTss00 i 1ma I, $4.00: 1 mo.l loval news Inequity of the Lump Sum. y statement ashinzton Real Estate rd at a meeting last night regard- ing the fiscal needs of the District is | founded upon reason. He urges that Congress should return to the definite | proportion principle of providing Fed- eral funds for the maintenance of the District in lieu of the lump-sum pro- vision now as for some years past placed at nine million dollars. He de- clared his opposition te ¢ plan under | which the local taxpayers are called upon to shoulder more than a just tax purden, citing the fact that the aes- scssed vatue of Government property here exempt from taxation is $470,- 000,000. The District government owns property assessed at fifty million dol- lars and foreign governments have title to realty valued at approximately four million dollars, all of which is non- taxable. The Federal Government's property Moldings in Washington are steadily Under the present com- prehensive public building program several million dollars’ worth of real estate now taxable will be taken for Government uses, and thus removed from the taxable list. This will in- evitably, under the lump-sum plan, shift to the shoulders of the local tax- payers another fraction of the burden of Capital maintenance. Under the definite proportion principle, main- tained from 1878 until 1922, any such transfer of title from taxpaying Wash- ingtonians to the non-taxpaying Gov- ‘ernment would be reflected in the Fed- eral contribution. But with the lump- sum principle substituted for the fixed io, whether at fifty-fifty or sixty- forty, there can be no such compensa- tion for loss in taxable property in terms of a proportionate sharing of the cost. Despite the fact that Congress, with- out formally repealing the definite pro- portion law, has, in effect, set it aside by successive lump-sum appropria- tions, it is hoped that the logic and equity of definite ratio principle will be restored. The lump sum is & gratuity, a dole, which can be in- creased or decreased at the will of Congress. The definitely proportioned gontribution is an equity. The Dis- trict does not relish being placed in the position of a charity patient. It ‘tholds that its municipal costs should be shared by the Federal Government gnasmuch as that Government is itself the holder of a large proportion of the property within its bounds, is con- stantly increasing that property and 88 the beneficiary of its municipal ad- aministration. The organic act of 1878, which es- tablished the definite ratio of Federal contributions, was an expression of the “exclusive legislation” prerogative of Congress, established by the Con- stitution. It recognized that Wash- ington, as the seat of Government, could not be treated as an ordinary municipality, but must be accorded epecial consideration. At that time there was no program of large Gov- ernment improvements in the District, por was there such a program in prac- tical contemplation when the ratio was changed. It matters mnothing, how- ever, as to the Government's plans of Federal development in the District @s regards the equity of a determined proportion of contribution. The prin- ciple of a fixed ratio is the only safe- guard the District has against exces- eive taxation upon a diminishing body of property to sustain a developing community. B The timorous rabbit is pursued by the hunter with as much ardor as if the game were worth a fourteen-hour working day plus ammunition. The rabbit illustrates one of the mysteries of that frresistible influence known as sport. iaferro’: - Sugar Control. International agreement to cut sugar ion is reported from Paris. aced exportation may mean re- ced production, and reduced produc- ably means higher prices. m may be compelled to curb te for sweets or have a few dded to his biil. ge r-producing nations ented in the new agreement, y the largest ex- ar in those countries. source of America’s sugar took the lead in effecting the and the other nations ow represented are Poland, Czechoslovakia. Efforts the Dutch sugar exporters join in the agreement are under way. The T A tes U arpr tely 6,000,000 tons of sugar. More f of this is imported, d most of the imports come from Cuba. The American housewife ex- perienced the pinch of a sugar short- age and high sugar prices during the Great World. She will not look forward with any degree of enthusiasm to an eriificially produced sugar shortage. The problem of the sugar producers and sugar exporters, however, is to meet ocked market, they say. They in there is no under- Wing design to form a huge interna- *yonal sugar trust, or to force prices b. They are merely engaged, they is sug e e each claim, in an effort to make return upon sugar sufficient to pay properly for the investment and labor in the sugar industry. A glutted fharket, it is said, is bad first for the producers and exporters, and then for the con- suming public, after the industry has become demoralized. Immediately upon the announcement that the agreement between four sugar-producing nations had been signed, prices for stocks of sugar- refining companies advanced on the New York Stock Exchange $1 to $3 a share. The United States is a large sugar importer, and naturally is vitally interested in any move affect- ing the available supply and the prices which American consumers may be forced to pay. The American Govern- ment could scarcely be expected to look with favor upon internatianal " | agreements which sought to limit the purchases by Americans of a food- stuff that has become, in the eyes of many, a necessity. This country is not entirely without sugar resources of its own, moreover. The cane sugar | industry of the South and the beet | industry of the West, the | production of sugar in Porto Rico and other island possessions of the United States, are not subject to any control by outside interests. If importations are to be checked by foreign control, the American industry doubtless will take a leap forward. ——or—s Insanity Defense. A remarkable instance of differen- tiation by law is afforded by the course pursued by the court at Cincinnati, where George Remus, former “bootleg king,” is on trial for the murder of his wife. Remus is acting as his own attorney. He is intending, it is ex- pected, to plead “temporary insanity” in defense of the killing, which is ad- mitted. In his capacity as counsel he participates in the examination of talesmen summoned for possible jury service. The prosecution protests that a defendant who claims mental unbal- ance as a justification for his deed is not competent to conduct such an ex- amination. The court rules that the defendant-counsel may continue to query the talesmen. The insanity defense has been car- ried to great lengths in recent prac- tice in the courts of this country, but not until this present instance has it been made to cover the actions of both defendant and counsel. The spe- cific plea in this case, it is believed, will be not a chronic and present state of mental disorder, but a mo- mentary disturbance, rendering the slayer incapable of reason or appre- ciation of moral and legal obligations. This has been often advanced. In one notable case some years ago the de- fendant pleaded a “brainstorm,” which swept him from his balance and upon passing left him in full mental capac- ity. He was, however, adjudged men- tally incompetent and for a time after his acquittal was confined to an in- stitution for the insane. If Remus persists in his plea he will seek not such a detention, but absolute free- dom through a positive acquittal. Doubtless his participation in the ex- amination of talesmen, in his capacity as counsel, is designed to lay the foun- dation for such an acquittal. The right of a defendant to act as his own counsel is undeniable. Remus is a lawyer, having conducted a con- siderable practice before going into the bootlegging business on a large scale. He is professionally competent to conduct his own defense. Never- theless, there is a seeming inconsist- ency in the spectacle of an active par- ticipation in the inquiry into the com- petence of jurors, when the insanity defense is in prospect, by the person whose sole justification for the crime of which he is charged is that defense. TYet the court has granted the right of the prisoner-counsel to take part in this examination and the decision may serve as a precedent that will cause complications in future trials in which insanity is a defense. ——————— Rum sleuths are attending schools in order to increase their efficiency. School days, once matters of joyous reminiscence, become subjects for serious reflection. ————— It there is anything he cares for that has not yet been presented to Col. Lindbergh, all he has to do is to mention it. ———————— A “Deadline” Against Criminals. The other day announcement was made in New York City of the re-es- tablishment for the holiday-buying sea- son of a “deadline” area within which persons known to be addicted to crim- inal habits will not be permitted to appear. If caught within these bounds they will be arrested, even though not engaged in {llegal practices. This is an annual custom designed to protect the shopping district from the activi- ties of the thieving fraternity. It is an extension of the old downtown dead- line practice which was set up to safe- guard the wholesale jewelry section from the attentions of cracksmen, The establishment of these prohibi- tive areas for the crooks of New York always raises the question of why there should be any tolerance of this fraternity between seasons or in any section of the city. If these people are known to be criminals should they not be rounded up in June as well as in November and December and sent to prison or sent out of the jurisdic- tion? It is, of course, not wholly equitable to drive out the crooks for other States to suffer, but only through the “passing on” procedure, engaged in by all the States, can the American territory be made uninhabitable for confirmed criminals. In any case, unless the courts are inept and incapable of dealing with erime or the laws are too lenient in the matter of proof and prosecution la vigorous campaign against the | chronic lawbreakers would do more for the safety of property and of life —for thieves have become killers as well in these times—than segregation and exclusion. Actual and potential criminals in- fest all cities. They constitute a class of non-workers. Only in rare cases are they engaged in any honest occu- pation. Some few of them may hold regular jobs as camouflage for their crookedness, but most of them could justly he taken in a dragnet as per. sons without visible means of support, living by thelr wits and through their & : THE EVENING WIAR, AW THIS AND THAT - illegal enterpri A stiff vagraney law, thoroughly enforced, would msd most of our communities of these leeches. ‘Washington is suffering just now from an unusual prevalence of crime. Hold-ups and killings are being fre- quently reported. An attempted kid- raping has just occurred. The mana- ger of a food shop was slain the other night in the defense of the property of which he was in charge. Several dwellings have been entered and val- uable goods have been taken. A house- holder was wounded by one of these nocturnal marauders a few days ago. It is in order to ask that all persons who are not known to be law-abiding and honestly occupied should be brought to book to explain their means of livelihood, to give an account of themselves or 1o be jailed as unsafe to be allowed at large. Washington's “deadline” should be drawn around the District boundaries. o A Contrast in Flyers. A striking contrast is presented in the almost simultaneous action of the Bureau of Standards in America and the Legion of Honor in France regard- ing the world's altitude record for air- craft. Yesterday the bureau in an of- flclal calibration of the barograph of Capt. Hawthorne C. Gray posthumous- 1y awarded the gallant balloonist an altitude mark of 42,470 feet, the high- est that man has ever been above the earth. At the same time the Legion of Honor committee was, for the first time in history, trying one of its own members for fraud and falsification. Jean Callizo, the French aviator, stag- gered from his plane two months ago to proclaim to the world a new alti- tude record of 46,000 feet. Discovered later to have doctored his-barograph before he left the ground, Callizo was barred from further flying and the Legion of Honor committee now threatens to strip from him his cov- eted ribbon. Capt. Gray gave his life for the new record—he was found dead in his wrecked balloon a few days ago —while Callizo lived to be dishonored among men. What a contrast! Altitude flying and ballooning is one of the most hazardous of adventures. 1t calls upon the nerve, the skill and the endurance of aviators who at- tempt it. Capt./Gray did not live to tell of the horross of the limitless blue more than 40,000 feet above the earth’s surface, but ex-Lieut. John A. Macready of the Army and Lieut. C. C. Cham- pion of the Navy, premier flyers in the high altitudes, have given vivid ex- pression to the fantastic contortions of the mind, the struggle to retain consciousness and the fight against the forces of gravity in the biting cold of the upper strata. It is no place for the timid. It takes stern stuff to make the grade. That is why the world is bitter in its denunciation of a man who claimed to possess hero qualifications, but did not, and loud in its praise of one who did not claim these qualities, but proved it, even in death. R The season for meteoric display re- turns. Meteors have lost some of their interest. The eye turned sky- ward is content with nothing less than an airplane or a dirigible. It begins to look as if no Chinese army would consider peace 50 long as there is an innocent bystander left with a checkbook and a fountain pen. A fiyer does not have to reduce his weight like a jockey. He is free to enjoy himself and please others by unlimited banqueting. “Trouble brewing in the Balkans” is one of those mid-Victorian phrases that refuse to go out of style. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Conversation. ‘Where long ago the world admired The art, as one to be desired, Of conversation, as a Wit sif Despite the hold which the motlon pictures, radio, sports and automo- biling have upon the American pub- lic, the United States still remains a nation of book readers. To the real booklover, hooks take the place of foot ball games, long drives through the country, presenta- tions in the movies. Books do not displace any of these, but simply offer themselves as a sub- stitute to those who, for one reason or another, cannot work up much e thusiasm about the other popular di versions, ‘When it is considered that this roster is augmented by hundreds of thousands of persons who love auto- mobiling as well as books, who go in for sports one day and for books the next, who like a good movie in addi- tion to a good novel, it may be seen that reading is not on a decline, as some seem to think, but is ever on the increase. This can scarcelv help being true in a country in which the schoolhouse has held such an honored place for so long. The number of newspapers and magazines proves the same thing. The love for reading is more wide- spread than ever, the only difference being that it has more ‘competition than ever before in the history of the ‘world, * Kk ok ok To the genuine booklover, a good book has more charm than any other activity whatsoever, either mental or physical. He does not put much in’the statement, which he has somewhere, that reading is a form of laziness. He takes this with several grains of salt. He knows that read- ing is often the hardest sort of work, especially after one has reached the age of 30 years, that magic point in life where mental acquisition is no longer easy. Perhaps it is better to say that there is some point about that time of life when learning comes harder. It may be at 25 years of age, it ma be at 30 or 35 or 40, no matter what the exact the fact is the same, lh_at one approaches something new With extreme reluctance. Let the reader ask himselt candidly what new study he has undertaken in the last vear. He may be chagrined at himself to confess (to himself) that study as such has gone out of his life ‘along with flag-waving at foot ball games, interest in base ball gloves and light operas, long telephone conversations with girls. * k x ok He who persists in reading, then, may regard himself as a mental ath’ lete, one who does his stint every da or almost every day, in mental gym: nastics even after his _intellectual joints have begun to creak. Reading is not the easiest thing in the world, even novel reading, which is perhaps the easlest form of all. We would not disparage fiction. It is a highly satisfactory and stimulat- ing mental adventure.” There can be little doubt, however, that the crab- bed gentleman who first made wise cracks about reading being a form of laziness had the inveterate novel reader in mind. The confirmed book reader finds all books grist to his mill. He absorbs political economy along Wwith stories, history with religious tracts, books on will power with philosophical dis- ‘Washington politicians are deeply impressed by the presidential prefer- ence straw vote just taken by the Farm Journal of Philadelphia. The poll, which shows Republican farmers overwhelmingly in favor of Coolidge and Democratic farmers preponder- antly strong for Al Smith, includes rural votes in every State, but chiefly among the 27 important agricultural States. President Coolidge tops the list, with 47 per cent of all Republican votes polled and 34 per cent of the total Republican - Democratic _vote. Towden, Hoover and Hughes follow Coolidge, respectively, in second, third and fourth places. Smith, with 1,530 Democratic _votes, overshadows Mc- Adoo with 510 and *“Jim” Reed with 447, The ¥Farm Journal, which has achieved the record of accurate straw votes on all presidential elections, be- ginning with 1912, stresses the fact that in 11 Democratic cotton States— on the limited returns already in— Smith polls less than half as many votes as Coolidge. Borah runs fifth in the G. O. P. roll, behind Hughes. * ok kX Ten years ago Newton D. Baker, Secretary of War, had a young pri- vate secretary in Washington named Ralph Hayes. The other day Hayes ‘With some slight phrase might score a hit, A speaker now strives to unfold A thought. His audience is cold. He finds, with terror undisguised He's being psychoanalyzed. ‘We hear the words and look behind To study the unconscious mind. A pleasant interchange of thought, All frank and free, is vainly sought. 'Most anything we say or hear May ferret out some secret queer. ‘We live uneasy and surprised. ‘We're being psychoanalyzed. It you remark, “Why, howdy do?” You place your inmost soul on view, Disclosing with unerring truth The complex of your earliest youth. Your tone, your glance, your frown or smile Reveals your bent for good or guile. Beware the gesture ill-advised! You're being psychoanalyzed, Discoveries. “Did you find out anything in your previous investigation?” “Yes,” answered Senator Sorghum. “What?” “A lot of things that can keep us busy investigating for years.” The Sport of Sports. Used to try to roller-skate. Then motors brought a thrill. Now, if you cannot aviate, You're simply standing still. Jud Tunkins says a woman used to be the one to have the last word, but now it's the bicycle cop. Relief. “You want relief?"” “I do,” answered Farmer Corntos- sel. “What kind?" “I want a big enough loan {o enable me to quit farmin’ and become a realtor.” “He who knows much,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “is not wise unless he knows when to tell but little.” The Excepted Ego. My uplift sense is ever warm, When friends 1 see. 'Most everyhody needs reform— mounted into the hierarchy of New York high finance by being elected a vice president of the Chatham & Phenix National Bank at a salary sev- eral times the amount his World War chiet drew. Hayes’ carecr in Wall Street is reminiscent of the Oliver Optic tales Horatio Alger wrote. He was a country boy. from Crestline, Ohio, once upon a time, with neither “family” nor wealth to give him a rosy start in life. Another war-time private secretary at Washington —a youngster from Virginia named Lewis L. Strauss—became Herbert Hoover's right hand after breaking into the Food Administration as an office boy. Now Strauss is a junior partner in the banking house of Kuhn, Loeb & Co. He and Hayes were buddies in Wash- ington. Strauss once predicted the Ohioan would be vice president of a New York bank before 1928. He wins. * Kk Ok A good many people in the United States and Canada wondered why President Coolidge was “A, W, O. L.” from the Canadian War Monument ceremonies at Arlington on Armistice day. The explanation now going the rounds is that the President did not, by his presence or remarks on such an occasion, wish to countenance the policy of American participation in a war with which the United States was not associated. The Canadian Memorial was erected in honor of the 35,000 odd Yankees who fought with the Dominion’s forces before Uncle Sam rolled up his sleeves. Canadians in Washington are reluctant to ac- count for Mr. Coolidge's absence at Arlington on such grounds. Their un- derstanding is that he was among those mot present because Canada was not represented at the unveiling by any official of near-presidential rank. R Former Senator George Wharton Pepper has just invited the Republi- can natlonal committes to pitch the 1928 convention tent in Philadelphia, offering for the purpose the great new indoor stadium of the University of Pennsylvania. Penn State is too hopelessly Republican to induce the G. O. P. to hand the convention plum to “Bill” Vare’s home town. Cleveland, scene of the Coolidge ratification meet- ing in 1924, has the inside track for the Republican conclave, with Kansas City a good second. Minneapolis, be- cause of proximity to the disaffected farm countr might have had the convention, but Minneapolitans have evinced no particular interest in bhag- zing it although the city boasts a fine new auditorium, Detroit would be In the running, too, except that Ko ville will not have its new convention hall finished by June, 1928. Chicago is harred, 'tis said, because of the tear that “Big Bill” Thompson would pack the old Ce Excepling m ““Hope foh de best,” said Uncle Eben, “but don't let yoh hope make you neglect reg'lar ik an’ depend on Saata Claus.” T‘.. B - and his “gang. be selected but for forniaism. Mrs. William P. MacCracken, Jr., charming consort of the Assistant Sec- retary of Aeronautics in the Depart- ment of Commence, stood at the head Hoover's BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. sertations. Nothing that is printed is foreign to him. He selects books upon no one's rec- ommendation but his own. He is the one who 18 going to read them, so his tastes come first. He is not awed by authority nor flabbergasted by the im. portunity of the book agent seeking a commission. “You need this set of books,” says the agent, with a knowing air. “1 need a dozen other authors first,” replies our booklover calmly. “You have never heard of their names, but they are old friends of mine I have been wanting to meet all my life. Some day 1 may get around to your set, but there is no hurry about it. Good day. * k ok X He finds in a good book an adequate substitute for a cool ride in the coun- try. The car-struck man may not un- derstand this; it is an interesting phe- nomenon, truly; he should look into it. To go on a mental ride through the Roman empire is a feat far surpassing the journey from Washington to Rich- mond on balloon tires, if all of the cases be taken into considera- tion. The booklover does not feel any spe- cial need to go to the theater, because hooks to him easily furnish anything that such a building and its assoc ated endeavor can. A famous story is in the movies? Then he gets the hook itselt and forms his own mental pictures. In doing this, let it be said, he in- dulges in no mental snobbery. He is honest in his preference for hooks. They suit his taste bette He be- lieves in the old adages, “Every man to his taste,” and “There is no ac- counting for taste.”” If those who pre- fer the motion pictures will kindly let him alone with his friends, he will allow them the same privilege. , he will allow it them, anyw: i 11 do, oft . s the ques tion of a “movie to a friend when the latter told him that he seldom ed the picture palaces His query was an honest one. Lik- ing the pictures himself, he could not understand any one else who red for something else to the exclusion of his own favorite amusement, So great is the egotism of the average man he resents as a personal blow n difference not only of opinion but of liking! Love me, love my dog,” is a wise saying. * X kX Let those who love Miss Book stick to her in the face of competition from Miss Auto, Miss Movie, Miss Sports, Miss Radio, Miss Anything and Miss Everything Else, These charmers do not so much compete, after all, as interfere! Of nothing is the old saying truer, “Two is company, three's a crowd,” than a man and his book. One does not read hooks to be able to hold his place in the crowd or charm the hoard of directors or to save one's self from the laughter of one's comrades, hut to enjoy life in one of its most diverting ways, that of reading. Reading is its own excuse for being. It requires no apology, no futile or false reasons to make it palatable. Read a book for profit, if vou wi but as for us, let us continue to read because we enjoy reading. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. of as notable a receiving line as ever was formed, when she and her hus- band entertained in Washington this week for the transoceanic flyers. ‘What hostess in all history could have given a tea party for so glittering a galaxy of world heroes as Lindbergh, Byrd, Maitland, Hegenberger, Cham- berlin, Levine, Schlee, Brock, Halde- man, Acosta, Ruth Elder, Balchen, Noville, Smith, ronte, Goebel and Schulter? Then, to cap the brilliant climax, the MacCrackens' guests in- cluded the noblest Roman of all the birdmen—Orville Wright, One ob- served that aviators—no doubt in con- sequence of intensive training since fame perched upon their honored shoulders—have conquered the social arts as effectually as they subdued the ether. Col. Lindbergh in particu- lar has acquired a d ng room man- ner an Ambassador” 'ht envy. * ok k% Belroi, birthplace of Dr. Walter Reed, in Gloucester County, Va., is soon to be turned into a memorial to the famous bacteriologist whose dis- coveries led to the annihilation of vellow fever. At present the Walter Reed Army Hospital on the outskirts of Washington stands as the principal memorial to the soldier-scientist’'s fame, but the comrades of his youth and the old friends of his family think Belroi should be turned into a national shrine. Walter Reed's name will live alongside those of Gen. Gorgas and Leonard Wood as “soldiers of peace.” It was the achlevement of that trio of medical geniuses to show the world that tropical disease could be con- quered. They made the tropics safe for white men to live in. Men and women far from the Old Dominion will watch the development of the Belrol project with abiding interest. * Ok Kk X Two Coolidge cabinet officers are likely to be vacant on March 4, 1928, The one with which gossip has been busy for many weeks is the Depart- ment of Agriculture, from which Dr. William M. Jardine is expected to pro- ceed to employment in private life at a salary twice his present Federal pay. The Florida citrus-fruit people are angiing for his. services. The other portfolio is one from which its incumbent, a highly respected exepu- tive chief, long has sought liberation. He has continued in office at the President’s earnest solicitation, but the Ides of March—if he remains in his prevailing frame of mind—will find him an ex-Secretary. (Copyright, 1927.) UNITED STATES IN WORLD WAR Ten Years Ago Today President, in two messages, reaf- firms the determination of this Na- tion to fight the Kaiser to a success- ful finish. Cabling King Albert of Belgium, he tells him that the people of the United States were never more in earnest than in their determination to win the war. * * * Texas father offers son, now in France w American Expeditionary Forc for every German he kills. Recent naval conference in London was called at instance of President Wilson, and not, as generally sup- posed, by one of our allies. * * American naval experts postpone ver- dict on U-boat menace. Think lull in sumbarine sinkings does not indicate collapse and underseas campaign must still be considered a factor in the war. # & & Anxious father's inquiries force disclosure that convoyed steam- er Kansas City is lost and thought to have been sunk without trace by Ger- man U-boat about September 5, * * % Renewed warnings against spies are posted at all navy vards and statlons, cautioning everyhody to keep secret all_information” about troop move- ments and methods of naval defense. ——————— lany in the Running. From the Boston Transcrint. Some men are born reputed, some achieve reputations and others try hard to get away! theirs, . ASHINGTON, D. U.! SWEDNESDAY. NOVEMBER 18, 1927. TO QUESTIONS Politics at Large By G. Gould Lincoln. The situation in the Republican camp becomes increasingly mixed as the days pass. The latest develop- ment is the suggestion that Judge William S. Kenyon of Iowa be a can- didate for the presidential nomination. Judge Kenyon formerly was Senator from that State, and many of his ad- mirers have regretted that he retired from political life and accepted appoint- ment to the hench. The interjection of the name of Judge Kenyon is a case in point of the muddled situation. that Judge Kenyon is not av and qualified for the presidency because he has been out of pa for several years, and it fs not likely he would have been mentioned were it not for the fact that manv of the Republicans of the West and Middle West are not satisfled with the candi dates who have so far been trotted out. o During the Republican national con- vention of 1924, Judge Ke n was | placed in nomination for V Presi- dent. His nomination, it was reported was entirelv acceptable to the admin- istration. But he encountered the op- position of strong Jastern leaders, among them Secretary Mellon of the Treasury Department. Pennsylvania and New York delegations turned thumbs down on the Towa man. Others | were Lned up, and the Kenyon boom for second place on the Coolidge ticket did not progress. Probably the game forces that worked against Judge Kenyon in 1024 would again oppose him, and particularly for the | presidential _nomination. The sup-| porters of Judge Kenyon hope that | the convention may become dead locked, and that he may prove a com promise candidate between the Kast and the West. He is in no sense a candidate for the nomination. As a member of the Federal bench, he keeps aloof. So far there has been no sug- gestion that the lowa delegation, re-| garded as practically certain to sup-| port_former Gov. Frank O. Lowden of Illinois for the nomination, shift | to Judge Kenyon. But should the| Kenyon candidacy really come into the harmful to Mr. Low- den in Iowa. Senator Smith W. Brook- hart is already opposed to the nomi- nation of Mr. Lowden. He would much prefer Judge Kenyon. But Senator Brookhart and other members of the so-called Republican progressive bloc have virtually gone out on a limb for Senator Norris for the presidential nomination. This group, while it might be willing to support Kenyon, will stind by Norris, according to Sen’ ator Brookhart himself. But If it be- comes apparent that Senator Norris cannot be nominated, the members of this group would gladly turn to Judge Kenvon, rather than to either Lowden or Vice' President Davwes. Towa hoasts today several presi- dential _possibilities. . In_addition_to Judge Kenyon, Mr. Lowden and Sec- . Hoover are native sons of that State, * K Kk K Senator Walsh has cast down the gauntlet to the supporters of Gov. Al Smith of New York. In an address to the National Women's Democratic League, Senator Walsh declared that the nomination of an outstanding wet would throw the whole wet and dry issue into the campaign. _Without using the name of the New York gov- ernor, Mr. Walsh made it clear that he had the New Yorker in mind. His strictures applied, however, equally well to Senator Reed of Missouri and to Gov. Ritchie of Maryland. Not only did the Montana Senator insist that the nomination of a wet would inter- ject the prohibition issue, no matter What the Democratic_platform might contain about law enforcement or the like, but he declared that the country was overwhelmingly dry and that the Democrats merely courted defeat if they nominated a wet. This is the most recent deflance of the Smith boomers. It may be a signal for in- creased activity among the dry Demo- crats against the New York governor. Recently everything appears to have been going the Al Smith way. Not a few dry Democrats, opposing ANSWERS N r}"REDER Q. Does billboard advertising con- flict with newspaper and magazine ad- vertising?—G. C. A. A. In most instances the billhoard medium is emploved in a reminder capacity, supplementary to newspaper or magazine advertising, which s usu- ally employed in a primary way. Q. Who sald, Liberty, what ‘rimes are committed in thy name! M. The words were usg by Mme. | Roland immediately hefore her execu- tion, Liberty that had been erected in the Place de la Revolution in Pacis. Q. Is Rex Ingram an American?— D. A R. A. Ingram was born in Dublin, Ireland, and was the son of R 2 cis Hitchcock of the Irish Establishe Episcopal Church. He was known as Reginold Hitchcock.” ~He attended Trinity College in Dublin, later com- ing_to America and working his way to Yale, where he studied sculpture. Q. Please explain the pneumatic tube service for mail.—J. E. J. A. This service is in operation in two cities, ¢ York and Bos- ton, nnects the main post % postal stations on Manhattan Island and the main post office at Brookiyn, the system consisting of 26.997 miles of double lines of tubes, 8 inches in diameter. In Boston the system con- nects the main post office and North and South Railroad Stations, the length of the system being 1.65 miles. 'he carriers are cylindrical in shape, inches in diameter by 2L inches leng, naving a capacity of § pounds, veraging 400 letters each. Containers can be dispatched every 10 seconds, which gives a_capacity of 48 pounds per minute. These containers are pro- pelled through the tubes by compress- ed air and travel at a speed of 30 miles an hour. Tubes have been in use in mail transportation approxi- mately 20 years. Q. What A J. The following are some of its uses: Basic raw material for the manu- facture of paper; basic raw material for the manufacture of cotton goods; basic raw material in the manufacture of artificial silk; manufacture of elec- trical appliances and similar articles after treatment by certain processes; manufacture of the gun cottons, cel- luloid, ete., by the controlled nitration of ceilulose. Q. What was the origin of the Alre- dale terrier?—M. A. H. A. At first the Airedale terrier was a cross between the otter hound and the black-and-tan wire-haired terrier. breed was practically unknown ide of Yorkshire, England, where xisted 60 vears ago as an unkempt, long-eared mongrel. But after about is cellulose used for?— E 15 she stood before the statue of | IC J. HASKIN. 30 years of careful breeding most of the hound blood has hean bred out of it and today we have the well built, well —arked animal Q. What was Lindhergh's time in crossing the ocean G. H. A. The fiying time for Lindbergh's transatlantic flight was 33 hours 2% minutes. * Q. Which of the nal parks was the first one set aside’—D. B. A. Hot Springs Reservation at Hot Springs, A was the first national park in the United States. This park was created April 20, 15! Q. How many demands for R. O, T. C. organizations are now being made? —L.F. A. The War Department has receiv- ed approximately 500 requests for R. O. T. C. units. At this time the de- partment maintains 325 units in 225 institution: n-an the Hun- A. The name is applied to Pavia, Ttaly. Q. What was the “Bannatype Club"? —T. W. A. It was a Scottish named trom George Ban ed under the presidency Scott in 1823 and d was devoted to the publicat works on Scottish history and i ture. domesticated cana- Are there many va- Q. When wera ries first known? —0. L. aries were known in a do- ed state at the close of the fourteenth century, though they may not have been common, Gesner, who w he had never seen one. Variation among them began _early, partly yellow were known at Nuremberg in and in 1677 wholly vellow canaries (also a white variety) were recorded from Augsburg, in Germany, an early center for the fancy. The varioys forms have had their origxin in dfs. tinct geographic areas, and though some are almost extinct at presedt, all at one time or another have a devoted following of fanciers, 'At present at least 14 distinct siraine with a_ large number of varieties,Yare known, Frederic J. Haskin is employed % this paper to handle inquirie readers, and yow are i upon him as frecly and as often as wou please. Ask anything that is a matter of fact and the authority will be quoted you. There is no charge for this service. Ask what you want, sign wour mame and address and inclose 2 cents in stamps for.return postage, Address The Evening Star Informa- tion Bureau. Frederic J. Haskin, di- rector, Washington, D. C. Discovery of Genghis Khan Tomb Creates Wide Interest A discovery terest' historians, military _men,” archeologists and incidentally has been made in the Gobi famous conquerors ghis Khan—who died about 1227 in Mongolia, leaving a realm stretched from the China S Southern Russia. Following as it does the revelations of the glories of the tomb of Tut-ankh-Amen, it arouses in the American press renewed in- terest in the material wealth and the physical force of some of the anclent rulers. ‘While manifestly awaiting full confirmation of the dis- covery, American editors find much of interest in the reports as sent out. The tomb was not lost in the striet sense of the word, for, although iis the Smith nomination, have suggested that Senator Walsh himself be given the presidential nomination. They be- lieve that his nomination would be ac- ceptable to the Catholic Democrats who are supporting Smith in the North and Kast and throughout the country, for Walsh also is Roman Catholic. They overlook the fact, however. that many of these Democrats are also wets and ardently wet. * K K K The dyed-in-the-wool _wets are hoping to turn the dry South to ac- count in the election. They believe that it a wet Democrat can be nomi- nated, the solid south will still cast its electoral vote for the party ticket. By this maneuver they hope to make use of a large block of votes that ordinarily would be cast for a dry. They count on the race question in the South to keep these States in the Democratic column, no matter whether the party nominee be wet or dry. Not unnaturally many of the dry Southern Democrats, who are also anti-Catholic, do not like the_idea of being used in this fashion. But to date the anti- Smith forces are rather hopeless'y mixed as to the best course to pursue. They have no outstanding dry Demo- crat to whom to turn so far. Further- more, there is a growing belief that it would be better to permit the nomi- nation cf Gov. Smith in 1928 and there- by eliminate Smith from considera- tion in 1932, it he were beaten. If he won by any chance, the Democrats would be in the saddle in the na- tional administration, which would he pleasing to a goodly number of South- ern politicians. * Kk kX Senator William E. Borah of Idaho, himself a presidential possibility, is again insisting that the Republican party take a definite stand in its plat- form for the enforcement of the prohi- bition law. No half-way measure would suit him. He wants prohibition mentioned in the platform. Like Senator Walsh of. Montana, the Idaho Senator believes that the country would overwhelmingly vote dry. Mr. Borah has aligned himself with the Progressive group which is opposing the nomination of Gov. Frank O. Lowden, and is, indeed, one of the leaders of that group. It is not be- yond the bounds of possibility that he will become the leading figure in that group during the coming session of Congress. If he receives the support of that group and of the pronounced drys he may yet become a figure of great importance in the next Republi- can national convention. It would be possible for the Progressives to turn their support to Mr. Borah for the nomination once they found that Sena- tor Norris could not be nominated. Indecd, thera are those who believe that this wouid be a good move. In a few short weeks the Repub- lican national committee is to meet here to fix the time and place for the party’s naticnal convention. Not a few of the committeemen had prac- tically committed themselves to_vote to hold the convention in San Fran- clsco. ‘This was before President Cool- idge issued his “I do mot choose statement, however, when it appear- ed that the nomination of a presi- dential candidate would be merely going through the form. But with Mr. Coolidge out of the race, as many now believe him to be, the conven- tion city becomes a matter of more fmportance, It has been suggested that the friends of Secretary Hoover would like to see the convention o to San Francisco, since Mr. Ioover is likely to he the favorite son of California. But it is learned that Mr. Hoover's friends are by no means anxious to take the convention to California after all. Formal invitations to hold the Re- publican convention within their con- fines have been received by the na tional committee from 10 cities. The location was unknown to most of the world, it was found to be a carefully guarded shrine in the ruins of the dead city of Khara-Khoto. The Lin- coln Star finds this one of the inter- esting phases of the discovery, sayin “The death chamber lies in a laby- rinth of passages cut in the moun- tainside and is a hall about 40 feet square. Once a year privileged Mongols and certain of the Khan's descendants journey there to sacrifice, and once a year the ‘ghost walks.’* The fact that the whereabouts of the tomb, “even its existence, has re- mained secret from the Western world, even though thousands, perhaps mil- lions, of Mongolians knew about it, raises speculation as to how many more and how great are the secrets that still lie undiscovered in the East- ern mind,” continues the Star, which expects the tomb to yield historical facts of “greater value than the play- things and funeral gifts of an Egyp- tain youth.” Quoting Prof. Kozloff as saying that “he has come upon the Khan's coffin, resting on the crowns of 78 conquered princes,” and that “‘seven silent Lamas’ are on guard and every seven hours one of them strikes seven times on a huge jade bell.” the New York Sun comments: “This, indeed. out- does our old friend Tut-ankh-Amen.” as it expresses the hope that “the archeologists will not go too far in this case. Let the silver coffin remain unopened. Let the seven gong ringers continue their dramatic vig Let the old Khan sleep,” urges the Sun, for 700 years have passed since his death and “we would not have him know that no strong man lives in his country: or that Asia, which seem- ed to the old boy, 700 years ago, to be the center of everything, cuts much less ice now. * ok ok ok “The present world is no more suit- ed to him_than his resting place in the Gobi Desert is suited to modern habitation. For the likes of Genghis Khan there is no longer a place in the world. His tomb is interesting as it gives a chance for- compari- sons, and illustrates how much prog- ress has been made in the past seven says the Newark Evening . which believes that *could Genghis come to life and gaze upon our world he would see infinitely more {0 astonish his eyes than his 700-year- old resting place can offer to ours.” in spite of its “life-size statues of the horse, lion and tiger, carved out of pink jade,” and other treasures. To the Portland Oregonian, though this conqueror once “held Asia in tribute to his sword, the victories of the great Khan were singularly hol- low, for he left nothing of valuable permanen Poverty, ignorance and squalor are as they were in those far off days when the terrible name of the Khan made all to tremble. The re- gions that knew his rule have changed but little in seven centuries, and that they have mot changed is in some measure a reproach to the memory of their conqueror,” declares this paper. However, one of the lasting effects on Iiurope of the Mongol victories in Central Asia_under Genghis Khan is pointed out by the San Antonio Ex- press, which says that these conquests “drove several Turkish tribes west- ward into Asia Minor—among them the ancestors of the Osmanlis, who, in 1300, founded the principality which developed into the Ottoman Empire.” This paper also finds interesting the fact that one of Genghis’ descendants “not long since was finance minister at Jrga, capital of Outer Mongolia—vir- tually a dependency of Soviet Russia,” —_———————— cities are Chicago, San Francisco, Denver, Detroit, Cleveland, Omaha, Seattle, Philadelphia, San Antonio and nsas Cit. Minneapolis also has tentative gesture for the conven| that a o that it is said “will !n-:!he land where centuries before Rus- and a goodly share of the reading public, Desert by Prof. Peter Kozloff, a Russian ex- plorer, who sends word that he has found the tomb of one of the most in history—Gen- the The sians were slain by hordes by soldiers of the great Khan. Omaha World-Herald calls hi the “greatest and most bloodthirsty of the world’s conquering heroes,” while the Buffalo Evening News declares that he destroyed not only “Buddhist civi- lization,” but “‘eve other form of civilization with which he came in contact.” That ‘“piece by piece, archeolo- gists are putting together the story of the human race” is the tribute of the Seattle Daily Times to those scientists who wiith such eagerness are “delving into the past.” There is no material reward for the excava- tors, “since they cannot themselves claim the relics,” points out the Times, “but there is honor and glory in the discovery and the satisfaction of having contributed something to the sum total of the knowledge of ancient cuilture.” And that paper calls attention to the fact that “this continent also has its story to tell. Only recently an ancient village was unearthed in New Mexico which con- tained reli estimated to be 00 years old. The process of piecing to- gether the history of the human species is slow and tedious. No doubt much of that history is gone forever beyond the reach of men, but with a’ little_more information our scien- tists will be able to guess at the early chapters,” concludes the Seattle paper. PHILOSOPHIES BY GLENN FRANK We are practitioners of hand-to- mouth statesmanship. ‘We have a strange incapacity for i taking long views. I have written again and again in criticism of our American habit of legislative improvising; and yet there are situations in which wis dom demands a short-time states manship which is the result of co: scious design rather than coward drift. The current farm problem is a case in point. There are two aspects of the cur- rent agricultural situation that must not be confused either in diag the ills of agriculture or in p ing remedies. There is a long-time aspect and a short-time aspect. Any statesmanlike consideration of American agriculture must t into account and keep in the right relation beth the problem of the in: mediate situation and the problem the ultimate solution. The farmer will be ill-advised, 1 think, if he pays too much attention to the man who overcautiously in sists that no legislation should he adopted to deal with the immedia situation unless it promises to be 100 per cent economically sound fo all time. I am not suggesting that the farm er should cluth at any fly-by night legislative panacea that may be proposed; I am suggesting only that it'is a condition and not a the that confronts the farmer. Agriculture is operating in financial and economic order llhlngs in which business dustry, for the time being are receiving benefits and tages from methods of orzar and from legislation in t of banking and tarift that can h be said to be 100 per cent nomically sound. So, while we are waiting for the 1economic millennium, the farmer may be pardoned for indulging, as a means of meeting an immediate situation, in at least the degree of economic unsoundness in legislation that acterizes some of the legislation fr which bankers and business men se cure at least temporary benefits This I8, I know, dangerous c unless it is taken in the sens which it is given. Any method of organization or any legislation, adopted to meet the im- mediate situation, that is not wholly sound socially and economically and neially is dangerous unless the rankly recognizes it an adventure in transition economics, a half-way measure adopted to serve the short-time aspect of the agricul- tural situation. But his adventures in emergency legislation must not biind him to the fact that, as I susggested vesterday, he must in the long run depend upon research, co-operative organization and education as the bulwarks of his - permanent prosperity. (Copyright, McClurg Newspaper Srndicate.) »pos eco-