Evening Star Newspaper, April 27, 1926, Page 8

" With Sunday Morning Edition. | WASHINGTON, D. C. TUESDAY. ..April 27, 1826 THEODORE W. NOYES. .. .Editor &he Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave. New York Office: 110 East 42nd St. Chicago Office: Tower Building. pean Office: 14 Regont St.. London, England Tt Evening Star. with the Sunday morn . i delivered by carriera withir © city at 60 cents per month: \lal‘{ only. cents per month: Sunday only. 20 cents - ‘month, Orders may, be aent by mail or telephone Main 5000, Collection is made by carrier at the end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginis. sunday. . Sunday only 1l . S4.00: 1mo. Member of the Associated Press. rights of pu rein are also reserved. A move has been made in the Sen- ate to amend the puk buildings bill there pending by stipulating that none of the structures provided for shall be lucated within a defined area, which is plainly specified to preclude any con- structions around Lafayette Square. It Is to be hoped that this amendment will not prevail. There should be no such lmitation. 1t is desivable that the Mall-Avenue riangle should be occupied by public buildings, and also that the work begun in the development of Lafa- vette Square by the location there of the Treasury annex should be con- tinued. If this is not dome, if the blocks fronting on Lafayette Square ura left to private development, a ragged appearance will result. Al ready one tall office building has been crected on the west side of the square, contrasting sharply with the Treasury annex across the park, and with the Chamber of Commerce building diago- naily opposite. When the five-square site at the western end of the Mall-Avenue trian- gle was acquired, it was designed for the emplacement of three buildings, to awommodate the Departments of Btate, Justico and Commerce and La- bor, these two last named being then united. It was soon after realized that the space was not adequate for three buildings, and it was proposed to put the Department of Justice on the Mall, « suggestion which evoked prompt end emphatic protest. It was at that {Ime that it was proposed to place the Department of State on the square as- rectly north of the State, War and Navy Building, flanking Lafayette Square on the west. Hope that such il be the final selection has not been abandoned by those who wish to see official Washington develop according to a definite plan. The amendment now proposed in the Senate would pre- vent such a location. There should be no prohibitions as to building emplacement in the meas- ure which is approaching enactment. Congress will in any event have the jast word as to the acquisition of sites, and it would, therefore, seem to be guperfluous as well as unnecessarily restrictive to write any limitation into the bill, which merely authorizes fu- ture appropriations. A Religious Town. The world’s most religious town has been discovered. At least, that is the record claimed for it by its natives. Last Sunday at Cape Girardeau, Mo., 1,713 versons attended church. In the entire town, including urban and sub- urban residents, are only 1,804 people. Thus all but ninety-one of the human tnhabitants journeyed churchward. are does not seem to be any ex- planation in the dispatch as to the occupations of the ninety-one people who spoiled a 100-per-cent record, but it s probably safe to say that they behaved themselves on the Sabbath as beritted residents of such a town. | This huge church attendance, huge in so far as the total population is concerned, was the result of a one- month’s campaign, with a slogan of *Go-to-church!” conducted by laymen of the town. Now that the campaign 1s officially closed, many of those who have been attending church regularly because of civic spirit will drop out, but a large percentage will become regular churchgoers and the campaign will have shown itself to be an un- qualified success. May the church at- tendance at Cape Girardeau remain sufficlently large to challenge other cittes and towns throughout the United States into a spirited competi- tion for leadership! e —— ‘The selection of a Queen of the May s no longer a matter of great interest. The picturesque custom has faded in an era when beauty contests are being held all the year ‘round. About this time of year hay fever remedies usually begin to be discussed. At present, however, the question of frost bite remains paramount. The “Evils” of Foot Ball. The college professors are not agreed whether foot ball is good or bad. Not only lawyers and physiclans fall out, but college professors also. The Amer- fcan Association of University Pro- fessors, in its current monthly bulle- tin, condemned intercollegiate foot ball for & number of reasons, the main one being that it takes the minds of col- lege attendants from those things which the professors, and a good many outsiders, think of as the chief reason for colleges—the teaching of the hu- manities, the sciences, etc. It was said in the bulletin of the association that collegians get the idea that foot ball, athletics, cheering and partisanship for teams are the essential things in college life. Now come professors who declare that the influence of foot ball on cal- lege life is, on the whole, good. Dean Gauss of Princeton is quoted as saying that he would like to have foot ball played all the year. He says that it is a healthy and wholesome sport for vlayers and spectators; that a student who is primarily interested in his 'ooou will have outside interests; that Kappa men, and that during the time he has been dean no foot ball players have come before him for discipline. President Hibben of Princeton agrees with Dean Gauss. A number of uni- versity heads, taking account- of the charges in the bulletin of the Ameri- can Assoclation of University Profes- sors, say that they have not observed the evils alleged against the game, and they believe such evils do not exist. e A Reaction for Enforcement. In direct reaction from the wet-dry hearing just concluded in the Senate comes the introduction of several bills designed to strengthen prohibition en- forcement. This is ®an interesting < | corollary to the procedure that started the inquiry, which was based upon certain bills that had been Introduced looking to the modification of the en- c| forcement act. During the early part of the hear- ing, when the wets had the floor, it seemed as though the whole country was in revolt against prohibition and its statutory definition, and that there was a universal demand for modifica- tlon. Prolongation of the period origi- nally allotted to opponents of the law served somewhat to strengthen this feeling. But the tide turned. The drys had their session and it was by no means unfruitful. It showed that the sentiment for prohibition con- tinues to prevail strongly and that it is a militant sentiment. So militant, indeed, is it that it has taken the form of these new proposals for more rigid enforcement, for “putting teeth into the law."” Much use will be made in the con- gressional campalgn of the materials #dduced at the hearing. There will be voluminous quotations of testimony glven before the Senate subcommittee. Arguments will be volced on the stump in terms of the statements made by Government enforcement offl- cers, by educators and others. In wet districts these arguments will prevail. Counter arguments will be made based upon the record that will have differ- ent effects in other districts. The ef- fect will be a referendum as signifi- cant as though a vote had been taken under any of the propositions for a plebiscite that have been introduced. It & majority favorable to modifica- tion is returned to Congress in next November’s elections a move will be made to change the Volstead act. It may be assured that in every congres- sional district candidates will be quiz- zed and tested on this question prima- rily. Whether this will become a party question is not now evident. There have been no natlonal party declarations to warrant any align- ment. Candidates will be more or less on their own in this fight, the results of which will be cannily observed by national party leaders with a view to the conventions of 1928. Meanwhile, some of the proposals now pending, introduced for the pres- ent mainly for campaign effect this year, may be pressed for action at the next session. On the one hand they aim at modification, and on the other they seek a greater degree of enforce- ment. The line may be definitely drawn next Winter between the two forces as they fight for strategic posi- tions with a bearing on the presi- dential campaign of two years hence. —— e ‘The situation might be helped by a series of examinations in traffici regu- lations with prizes or honorary de- grees for those who can give a high percentage of correct answers. —————— The Congressional Record is care- fully edited to prevent any impulsive dialogue from getting into print which might demand its exclusion from the mails. —————— “Daylight Saving” in 0ld Erin. Discovery has been made in Ireland of an anclent sun dial that seems to prove that “daylight saving” was in vogue in that country many hundreds of years ago. This dlal provided for two kinds of “hours.” The Summer hour was eighty minutes in length and the Winter hour forty. The re- sult of this was that each period of sunlight in Summer was marked by the same number of “hours” as each sunlight period in Winter. There was no turning back of the clocks, for there were no clocks. There were no changes of schedule. The people of Ireland who were concerned about the flight of time merely looked at the dials and, noting the Summer line, if it was that season of the year, com- puted the hour. If it was Winter they did the same. Base ball games started st three o'clock, not at two. Winter dances began at eight and not at nine. The newspapers were not required to educate their public every season in how to fix the clocks. The railroad managers did not have to print two kinds of schedules for ‘Winter and Summer. Nobody missed any trains on account of daylight sav- ing, or non-daylight saving. Life was much/ simpler then, there being no clocks or trains, newspapers, base ball games or soirees dansant. Time was an elemental factor in the lives of the people. The hours of sunlight were hours of hunting and fighting. The hours of darkness were hours of feasting and sleeping, most- 1y the latter. Most of the eating, in fact, was done during the daylight. After the sun hed set, the only illu- mination was from torches. Reading was not difficult because there was no reading save among the very few members of the ecclesiastical profes- sion, and they did their reading and writing by day. In Summertime it made no difference whether folks went to the hunt at nine o'clock or at eight. - They rose with the sun or earlier. They proceeded on their errands of the day regardless of the designation of the hour. Probably few of them knew anything about hours. They were weather-wise and sun-wise as are all primitive peo- ples. They really needed no clocks and no dlals. . Probably advocates of daylight sav- ing will take cognizance of this dis- covery in Ireland to claim precedent for their cherished system of shifting the clock hands. They will regard this as confirmation of an indication turnished by a dial discovered in Pal- ine that suggests that “daylight Lym" was in vogue in that part 8 THE _EVENING S’I.‘ARE WASHINGTON! D C! C[“[ll’ESDA'YE APRIL 27, : : HE EVENING ST AR | toot bat ts the heaithiest of academic| of the worla many centurtes before avocations; that he has known many f the Christian era. On the other hand, ifoot ball “stars” who were Phi Beta!no archeological discoveries can per- suade those who do not belleve in chronological camouflage that there is any need to shift the schedule by simply calling nine ten and three two. ———————— — Appreciating Washington. Recently The Star quoted an ed- itorial in the Enquirer and Evening News of Battle Creek, Mich.,, which paid a compliment to the appearance of this city in the Spring and espe- clally to the spectacle of Easter egg rotfing, which is a unique feature of life at the Capitai, and, commenting thereon, expressed gratification that the beautles of Washington were ap- preciated elsewhere. Now comes the Enquirer and Evening News with an expression of pleasure that its words of pralse were welcomed. “Kind words shall never die,” it says, “and it's a wonder people don't put more of them into circulation for permanent and profitable investment,” and it indi cates satistactlon that its agreeable remarks have made more impression at tho seat of Government “than the quantities of stern advice which this \ewspoper 8o frequently and constant. Iy turnishes for the guidance and im- provement of affairs at the Capital.” Words of advice and admonition about the improvement of affairs at the Capital are always wel comed. They are not always, how- ever, nccompanied by evidence that the true situation here is understood; that it 1s fully realized that Wash- ington is wholly dependent for its bet- terments and development upon the will of Congress. There are many “hings that Washington would like to do to attain more nearly to the ideal of municipal organization and civic improvement, Lut which under the present and long-continued arrange- ment it cannot do. However, advice on these matters is not misdirected, provided it reaches those who are re- sponsible for the local situation, those who are elected in the States as rep- resentatives in Congress, House and Senate, and who are, under the Consti- tution, exercising the right and power of exclusive legislation over the Dis- trict of Columbia. To the degree that the peopie of the country at large take pride in Wash- ington as their National City and de- eire its development as a model, Con- gress will react to equip the Capital with its required outfit of municipal agencies and provide it with its ap- propriate setting. Public opinion ex- pressed in the States, reflecting the views of those who have seen Wash ington and admired ft and hope to see it advanced as a symbol of American prosperity and advancement, will have 1ts effect. A statesman is likely to develop rabid resentment toward the League of Nations when he finds it deficient as a vote getter in his particular neigh- borhood. Election statistics always prevail over an ethical argument. ——o—— Forest fires have become so devas- tating that a popular call would be warranted for Gifford Pinchot to in- terest himself again in calling public attention to the need of conservation. —————————- Having forbidden mention of the possibility of his affiiction with or- dinary human illness, Mussolinl may be regarded as progressing from the status of dictator to that of demigod. ——r—————————— Sovietism long since abandoned workers' communism as a reliable so- clal system and is now engaged in an effort to devise a practical wage scale. ———r———— The drys are confident of their ability to insure the departure of this Spring season without the reappearance of the bock beer sign. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The Pursuit. ‘With care an article I read— For it is very wise indeed— Until this little line I view: “Continued, Page 6, Column The pages patiently I turn The full particulars to learn. But I encounter on my way A Queen of jazz in costume gay, A market slump, a motor crash, A reputation gone to smash, A party wild in reckless glee, An earthquake or a storm at sea! ‘That first page article I find No more appealing to my mind. Reluctantly the search I quit. I am too tired to finish it. o Trials of a Statesman. “Do you ever feel tempted to change your mind?” “Frequently,” answered Senator Sorghum. “In fact, I never open my morning’s mail without receiving a lot of advice to do so.” Public Utility. The sunshine makes life sweeter; And yet, we're kind o' nervous. Some one may make a meter And charge us for the service. Jud Tunkins says George Washing- ton is doing remarkably well in hold- ing his popularity, considering that his portraits have to be circulated on postage stamps instead of in the movies, Averaging In. “Is this a musical comedy?” “Yes,” answered Miss Cayenne. ““The music is rather tame. “Don’t you care. You'll be glad the music is tame when you see how wild the comedy is.” ¥ Intelligent Inquiry. Although I oft am puzzled quite By varfous agitations I show a manner erudite By my interrogations. An air of wisdom I display Much lauded by the many. 1 ask new questions every day And never answer any. “You has a right to yoh own opinion,” said Uncle Eben, ‘‘same as you has to a dog. But it's yoh businese to see dat dey don't break loose $e b trouble,” A i THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. One of the interesting letters of literary history is that written by 8Sidney Lanier, the Southern poet, to his father, telling of his determina- tion to devote the rest of his life to literature and music. He had tried being a soldier, hotel clerk and lawyer, but all the time the longing for a. literary career assalled him—his soul, as he sald, had been “cutting swiftly into the great space of the subtle, unspeakable deep, driv- en by wind after wind of heavenly melody." 'hose of today who do one thing to earn a living, and in the secret re- cesses of their being long to devote their life to another calling, ought to take heart at the history of Lanier. He was early taught music, and could play upon almost any instru- ment. He grew so fond of the violin, and so capable a player thereon, that his father became alarmed, and in- duced him to take up the flute. Perhaps Thomas Lanier had an idea that Sldney, when he grew up, would regard a flute as a minor in- strument, and thus give up music as a pursuit. If so, he reckoned with- out his son, Lanier (Sidnev, of course—he is the one who will be remembered) finally gave over the struggle to earn his living through means not to his in- ner liking, and cut loose, once and for uJl, from the parental wishes. In 1873 he accepted a position as first flautist with the Peabody Sym- phony Orchestra of Baltimore. As ‘|chance of getting together. can be Imagined, his father wrote htm in protest. The letter to which we referred was Lanier's reply. R ko c 20 years, through poverty, through weariness, s, through the uncon- genial atmosphere of a farcical college and a bare army, and, then of un ex acting business life, through all the discouragement of heing wholly un. acquainted with literary people and literary ways—I say, think how, in spite of all these depressing circum- stances, and of a thousand more which I could enumerate, these two’ figures of music and poetry have steadily kept in my heart so that I could not banish them. “Does it not seem to you, as to me, that I begin to.have the right to enroll myself among the devotees of these two sublime arts, after having followed them so long and so humbly, and through 0 much bitterness?” It would seem that he had; and so his father thought, to his eternal credit, who afterward helped him in every way to realize his ambitions. It must not be imagined that Lanier jumped immediately to fame and for- tune, however. He wrote and published some poein: but poetry is a precarious calling at best, far as materfal rewards are concern In those days “press agent methods” were unknown. The pub- lishers did not know how to ‘“‘boost™ a book to fame. If they had, they scarcely could have achieved their purpose with Sidney Lanier's first poems, for they were not of the popular variety. It is a question whether they can be so termed evem today. Of all of America’s standard poets, if one may call them that, Lanier is perhaps the least read, and by the mass of persons, even poetry readers, the least appreciated. He built upon the musical theories of Poe and Swin- burne, and achieved results entirely new, but somehow his poems have falled to work themselves into the general consclousness of the people. * K £ ¥ Those who imagine that booming Florida 18 Something new may interested in knowing ihat Sidney Lanler, as long ago as 1876, wrote a book on that great State for a rail- road company! It was published by Lippincott’s. What he was doing was earning a living and some lelsure for original writing. Creative work cannot come, either in lterature, which is the flowering of the mind, or in the, gar- den, the flowering of the earth, un- less there is some protection. Fally, in 1879, he became lecturer on English literature at the Johns Hopkins University, but he had only a few years to live. They were busy years, however, for he worked with desperation. His lectures were put_into book form as “The Sclence of English Verse” and “The English Novel and Its Development.” ~He wrote a_eeries of boys' books, “The Boys' Frolssart,” “The Boys' King Arthur,” he Boys' Mabinogion” and “Mha o Tave' Pe ‘The two last were published after his death. © caowoweuy il this work hasten- ed his end. The disease from which he suffered is now treated by absolute rest in the proper air. Lanier firmly belleved, however, that he had some- thing to say, and he sald it. One of his last poems was written when he had a fever of 104 degrees. He died in North Carolina in the Autumn of 1881, when he was not yet 40 years old. Eminent critics have combined to declare that in all probubility he would have given the world far greater poems, had he lived, than any he composed, a5 splendid as many of his works are. He was a poet with a theory. He worked not only on in- spiration, but also according to some rules of his own construction, or theorfes, rather, as such cannot al ways be called rules. 3 Tanifer knew, more or less, what iie was doing, which is always a help to & man, whether he is composing poems or running a locomotive. His theory was that English verse has musical quantity for its true basis. Although many believe that he was mistaken in this bellef, his book is held by them ac most suggestive and inspiring. el The “discouragement of being wholly unacquainted with literary people and literary ways,” of which Lanier so feelingly spoke in his letter, is perhaps the greatest faced by one aspiring to such a llfe. Perhaps many reading here know this discouragement. We have met Government clerks who loved the stage with their whole heart, but were forced to spend the best part of their days In routine Federal business. Others we have met who “played on the side” In small musical organi- zations. Everywhere one will find these misplacements. One must earn a living in this workaday werld, anc perhaps more often than not we find ourselves fairly engaged in this neces- sary task before we really realize just what we are doing! Lanier's life, and particularly his memorable letter, ought to encourage all those who somehow feel that life has not turned out just exactly as it ought for them. Stdney Lanier will prove an en. couragement, and inspiration, in that for 20 years he held steadfastly to his {deals, music and poetry, and finally wrested a living out of both of them. His career shows that if one is steadfast enough in his ideals, he stands every chance of realizing them at last. It is the end that counts, and not the beginning. It is the day-by-day going along that wins—in the long run—but each one of us, like Merlin, must “follow the gleam.” Communistic Strike Leaders And Local Officials Blamed National strike has centered upon the communistic leadership of the workers and the apparent lack of judgment on the part of the Passaic authorities in dealing with the situa- tion. According to the Newark Evening News, “the strike gave promise of petering out,” but the “capers of fat- headed local officials began to make thg angels weep, and to arouse such nalional interest that even the Senate manufactures committee at Washing- ton indicates an intention to investi- gate.” If there should be such an inquiry, the Evening News believes, “the officials of New Jersey are going to be made ridiculous before the Na- tion, and the fearsome ideas of the strike leaders will be propagated as they couldhnot have expected in years any other means.” w’rhe Passalc Herald appeal end to the conflict. “Every passing day,” says the Herald, “adds im- measurably to the loss that Passalc is suffering. The workers, who are idle, are bearing the burden, many of them on meager allowances. The mills are carrying heavy overhead bur- dens. Those who have the making of decisions have a heavy responsibility. Both mills and strikers may have to come to the ‘give and take’ attitude before long. Let's not waste time, while the loss goes on.” * ok kX “New Jersey has an enviable rec. ord,”” observes the New York Herald Tribune, “but the police of Passalc County are falling far below this standard in handling the prevention of crime incidental to the textile mill strike. Here is concededly a difficult and trying problem, that would strain the tact and patience of any police force. The police of: Passaic are deal- ing with large bodies of men and women, many of whom do not speak English. The region has long been a sore spot in industry. But the neces- sity for holding to the principles of American law and order is all the The rules m-: ::ng:’e nough. r must be maintained. eSn nfust the right to work and the right to talk. We suggest to the Pas- salc police that they go back to funda- mentals.” ¥ “The trouble with the whole thing, according to the Watertown Daily Times, “is that both sides are mad at each other, and as long as they remain in this state of mind there is l!’:}l}e e original causes of the strike have be‘egn Jost sight of. What is needed in New Jersey 1s a new deal all around. Calm judgment should step in and let these angry pm:‘on: cool oft.” * * The Flint Daily Journal blames the “stupidity of the workers" for allow- ing “disturbers who have mnot the welfare of the workers at heart, but are seeking cheap notoriety for them- selves, to dictate any of their policies, or even to be heard in the union councils at all,”” and the Journal thinks “higher-ups, both in_the labor ranks and in the State or National Govern- ment, might well take a hand before frreparable damage is done, and pos- eibly lives lost.” “It is hard to say at this distance,” remarks the New Orleans Item, where lies the truth in the situation. We suspect a great deal of abuse !s in it on both sldes. Abuse on one side of a wage or work quarrel usually begets abuse on the other. And abuse mag- nifies itself. We can readily imagine, under guch circumstances, conditions in which police authorities have the constitutional right to concern them- selves with certain forms of expres s for an sion and assembly. We can likewise imagine police authorities grossly ex- ceeding thelr authority in these re- spects, to the increasing hurt of pub- lic liberty everywhere. We think that an intelligent concern of our civil liberties would counsel approval of a disinterested inquest into the circum- stances.” * ok % % ‘The Lowell Leader adds that “whol- ly aside from the merits of the claims of the strikers, there will be very gen- eral feeling that there is no justifica- tion whatever for dragging children into the dispute.” Although the authorities have had much difficulty in preserving order, the Knoxville Sentinel thinks “‘they have oversterned the limits in the methods to which they have resorted in hand- ling the strikers, their sympathizers and others. Peace must be main- tained, it is true,” adds the Sentinel “but_there can be no justification of the high-handed methods which are reported to have been adopted in this instance.” It is a fact that the local authorities ‘have not used the best of judgment in handling the strike situation,” in the opinion of the Berkshire Eagle, which condemns the arrest of an ex- clergyman at a meeting ich ‘“‘was nd, so far as réported in brought forth *no language The Eagle, however, concedes that “of course the strike has drawn to that city a varied assortment of socialists without whose presence the strike would have been settled before this.” o Tnhe Janesvills Gazette concludes. “‘Until the emvloyers and genuine e ployes are able to arrive at some com- promise, the conflict will go on to a tragic end. The only ones who will win will be the outside agitators, v neither toll nor spin, but take the toll from the deluded poor.” “Headliners” at Dinner Not Chief Features To the Editor of The Star: Thank you for giving publicity to Mr, Mathew Page Andrews’ reply to the rather inaccurate and unfair ar- ticle which appeared in The Star of April 16 relative to the Jefferson din- ner given under the auspices of the Thomas Jefferson League. Contrary to the insinuations con- tained in that article, 1 know that many, if not all, of those who attended the dinner did not go primarily to hear speeches by so-called ‘“‘head- liners,” but were moved by a common desire to honor the memory of a great | American—one who belongs to all America rather than to any single political partv—one who taught funda- mental principles from which we al- ready have drifted too far and to which we must return and adhere if the Natlon is to continue to prosper. Mr. Bentley W. Warren, president of the Sentinels of the Republic, was prevented by illness from carrying out his intention to present his message in person, and Mr. William Tyler who accurately described him- self as a ‘Jeffersonian Republican” and who is a valued member of the Sentinels of the Republic, graciously consented to deliver Mr. Warren's message. FRANK L. PECKHAM, ° Vice President, Bentinels of the Republic. ot ——— o No Limit. From the Portland Evening Express. ‘The new National Press Club is limited to 11 stories. But applies to the height and not to output, NEW BOOKS AT RANDOM LG M. THE REVOLT OF MODERN YOUTH. Judge Ben B. Lindsey and Walnwright Evans. Boni & Liveright. “The Revolt of Modern Youth” is a lear signal at which a world of frightened elders—parents, teachers, preachers—will scurry to cover, much as the child under some pursuing fear seeks a fleeting sanctuary by burying its face in mother’s lap. And truly it is a fearsome story, or would be were it not so much more and other than that. For brought into the open hers is the one thing upon which in tacit conspiracy all the elders have practiced their most flagrant ignorance, their deep- est concealments, their most panic hypocrisies. Here are taleg of a thousand-and- me days druwn, not from the fan- tastic imagination of a Scheherezade ent upon saving her own life. Drawn rather from the stark reality of the present by a man bent upon succor- -ng the society of tomorrow through 4 rescuc of the youth of today. * ok ok % For more than 25 years the exclu- ive preoccupution of Judge Iindsey :8 head of the Juvenile Court of Den- ver has been the youth ot that city. During these years the urgent con- ern of this judge has been to save the boys and girls around him from certain serious mistakes such as the mere fact of having been born into his life entails upon every human. The ultimate vision of the man, how- aver, is a social fabric that will be \ better thing than this of the pres- ent—tiner in thread, more closely woven in texture, more beautiful to -he eye in bright patterns of kindly ‘ving, softer to the hand in deeds of brotherly love, warmer to the heart in an inclusve and persuasive {riendliness. But tomorrow in all di- rections depends upon today. So- ciety in that nearing future rests with the youth of the present. Clear- ly the work at hand is to know this|G. youth, to come close to its problems and perplexities. Certain it is that this is no one- man job. The plain implication of <he whole matter is that every city and town and all the countryside must unite i its elders for u re- iearning of the lesson of ‘Youth, for a revival of sympathy toward it, for iriendly ways of approach to it, for mspired means of r:llowshln with it * Casual mention may be made of the young folks of today. Promptly the elders split automatically into two classes. On this side one says, “Oh, boys and girls are pretty much what they've always been! To be sure, Aero are temptations that our day knew nothing about—the automobile with {ts stolen joy-rides, the forbidden drink that bears the glamour of ad- venture, queer dancing steps and postures by day as well as oy night within every other doorway, girls at typewriters earning money that they spend on long silk stockings and correspondingly short skirts. They kick about a good deal, these girls, and talk across to the boys on per- ftectly level terms. They often make the advances—but this has always been 80. It looks to me as if they've learned, better than we did, how to slip the leash, and that's the chief dif- ference between them and us.” The other side, shocked, frightened and less articulate, merely laments or thunders according to nature and tem- perament. Both dodge the issue. And out of his long experience what does Judge Lindsey say at this point? He admits the revolt of youth against old standards of conduct, and de- clares this to be unlike any other re- volt that has ever taken place before. Though—"youth has always been re- belllous; youth has always shocked the older generation. That's traditional. The ‘modern girl,’ wearing skirts that reached only to her shoe tops, was a ‘problem’ In mid-Victorian England. But this is different. It has the whole weight and momentum of a new scientific and economic order behind it. It has come in an age of speed and sclence—an age when women vote and can make their own living; an age in which the fear of hell-fire has lost its hold. In the past the revolt of youth always turned out to be a futile gesture. It never brought much change. But now the gun's loaded. These boys and girls can do what bovs and girls were never able to do in the past. They can live up to their mani- festo, and nothing can prevent them. The exterrnal restraints, economic re- straints that were once 8o potent, have gone, never to return.” “The sole question is"—and here is the pith of the matter—‘'how soon and how effectively will the internal re- straints of a voluntarily accepted code, which alone can keep people going straight, take their place?” * * ¢ “I think this is already happening. I don’t think this younger generation is just a blindfolded bull in & china shop. 1 think, considering the temptations it is under, and considering the folly of the adult portion of the population, that it is relatively the most moral and the most sane younger generation the world has ever seen.” The conclusion of the quotation con- tains the point of the whole matter. On the one hand is vouth, a very wide- awake and intelligent youth, whose crying need is to know the truth of it- self and of the immediate world af- fecting it and affected by it. On the other hand are the panic-stricken eld- ers offering no assistance that is com- parable in honesty and intelligence'to the frank call of these boys and girls for help in correcting their many mis- takes, * k k ® Hundreds of concrete examples stand here as parts of Judge Lindsey’s experiences with the young folks around him. These are boys and girls of all classes. Those of the sheltered life are here, no end than those nur. tured by the untender weathers of the city streets. Through them all are as- tonishing franknesses under sympa- thetic approaches. Here are keen sur- veys of life, sharp questions, asser- tions of right, by these youthful ad- venturers into the dark. Always from Judge Lindsey and his kind there is only the effort to get together to know why this thing was done, or that one. Then, from_ this basis of plain error and misunderstanding, the forward steps must be those of correcting the mistakes. And they are always mis- takes—as indeed they are—instead of sins. From the children themselves the matter often passes on to the sub- ject of the family—to madrriage, di- vorcee, to unwedded parenthood. In ry case the attitude of this author is that of an honest survey of the facts as they exist and as they are likely to work out in the lives of those concerned. radition plays a small part here. Our padded notions of morality count for little. It is the human being, the human soul if you will, that seems to be the absorption of this judge of the children’s court. * k% & The reading may shock you. Prob- ably it will. But remember this is not fiction, These are facts—not the facts of Denver_ alone, but of every city and town. But they are trouble- some facts. It is easier to cry than it is to think. Easier to retire behind a front of shocked modesty than it is to take a hand at making a crooked thing straight. Easier to call this presumption, criticizing parents about thelr own children, than to take it and go to work. In a million years from now, maybe, there will be courage an ugh to equip great num. bers of elders with fitness for ti rearing of the youth of their day. it is, only a lone hand here and there is playing the game for youth. d | it was found that ‘he mever i money himself in any of the corrupt }the Ham ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Q. How many kinds of sequoias aré usually 18 inches apart, and from 18 there?—E, C. K. A. The sequola is a genus of co- niferous trees closely alljed to the cypress. Only two species persist, both in Californis. They are the big tree and the redwood. The former is the largest American forest tree and one of the largest in the world. The average height of the trees is sald to be about 275 feet, although epectmens exceeding 820 feet, with a trunk diameter of 30 to 35 feet near the ground, have been measured. Q. Is the cottonmouth & moccasin or a copperhead?—C. K. A. Cottonmouth is & common name in the Southern States for the mocecasin, but it {s also sometimes applied to the copperhead. Q. What degree of heat is attained by acetylene cutting and welding torches?—A. R. A. The oxy-acetylene flame is ca- pable of producing a temperature in the neighborhood of 6,000 degrees Fahrenheit, the highest temperature that {8 produced outside of the elec- tric arc. The figure has not been def- initely established. Q. Where s Maj. Andre buried?— 8. T. J. A. Maj. Andre was originally buried at Tappan, N. Y., where he was executed the 2d of October, 1780. In 1821 his remains were taken up and reburied near a monument which had been erected to his memory L‘l‘ Vlve!tmlnsler Abbey, London, Eng- nd. Q._TIs a red rose red in the dark?— w. W, A. You cannot see the color of any flower when it is perfectly dark, because flowers have no color of their own, but only the colors which they reflect when in the sunlight or some other light. In the case of the red rose, the thing in the plant that de- termines the color absorbs all the other colors in the sunlight and re- flects only the red rays. Q. What makes some things colder than others in the same room?—L. . G. A. The objects in a room which has been kept at an even temperature of heat will all be the same temperature, although some of them may feel cold- er than others to the hand or fingers. For instance, the keys of a piano will feel colder than the wood of the piano case, The difference is due to the fact | {ten. Princess Alice, the daughter that heat or cold will run through some objects more quickly than through others When you touch a thing with your fingers you supply some of the heat of vour body to the object through your finger. If the ob- Ject is the tiling on the hearth or the keys of the plano the heat runs through it quickly and you get a cold |cess impression in your finger. On the other hand, you will get 4 warm feel. ing when touching upholstery or wood because the heat runs more slowly through them. Q. How many people have been lynched in the United States within | wer to all kinds of queries, the past 2§ years?—C. W. W. A. There have been 101 lynchings in this period, 12 white and 89 red. In 1925, there were 18 men Iyn all colored. to 26 pounds of seed are drilled to each acre, m?. ghnttwu :,h' real name of Bar- rnato, who was a ner of Cectl Rhodes in South A!rlmp’!.fi!. N.1 A. Barnato's real name is believed to have been Bernard Isaac. Q. How many farmers have given names to their farms?—H. F. A. It is estimated that at least 3,000 farms have been named. The Depart ment of Agriculture favors the plan Farms that have been given names are usually progressive, and products bearing farm names are usually those that the farmer is proud to claim. Q. How many minutes were thera to each round in the days when Cor- _}b_et! and Jeffrles were fighting?— A. The rounds lasted three minutes, the same as now, when James Cor- ‘bett and Jim Jeffries fought. | Asiatic Q. Are more muscles brought into ?!&nl’a‘tu make a smile or a frown?— A. Thirteen muscles are required to make a smile and 50 to make a frown: therefore, the frown requires the greater expenditure of vitality. Q. What European countries are sending exhibits to the Sesquicenter nial exposition?—M. L. A. The European countries taking part in this exposition are France England, Italy, Spain, Belgium, Iio land, Sweden, Norway. Denmark, Vo land, Czechoslovakia, Jugosiavia, Bul- | garia, Rumania and Switzerland. There will also be participation by several and South American natio Q. Kindly informm me in whic States the greatest number of hors were raised in the lust decade —O. H. 1. A. lllinois, Iowa, Missouri, Kans and Nebraska are the five States thc have furnished most of the good, bic, draft horses and heavy wagon hors» in the past few years. Q. Who —G. A. T. A. When King George V of Eng- land issued a royal proclamation 1917, changing the name of the roy: family to Windsor, he aiso specified that other German surnames in the royal family be changed: thus the Ger- man name Batten became Mountba are the 3Mountbatten:’ Queen Victoria, married Prince Lo Grand Duke of Hesse. They had a daughter, Victoria, who married the | Marquis of Milford-Haven. The dren of this union were Arce, wmo married Prince Andrew of Greece, als Louisa Mountbatten, now Crown Pri; of Sweden, and Iord Louis Mountbatten, whose children are cou: ins of the Prince of Wales. Letters _are guing every ninute from our Free Information Bureau i Washington telling readers whate they want to know. They are in an- on ail kinds of subjects, from all kinds of people. Make use of this free service which The Evening Star is maintain- hed |ing for yow. Its only purpose is to | help you nd we want you to benesit from it. Get the habit of writing to Q. How much seed per acre is re-| The Evening Star Information Bu quired for sugar beets’—S. C. A. Sugar beets are planted in rows, reau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, Washington, D. C. " BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. The air is full of a fearful word, “Impeachment.” g The House of Representatives has presented to the Senate charges of impeachment against a Federal judge, and three committees are i1 the midst of seeking evidence on which it is proposed to bring charges against other officlals high in re- sponsibilities. What is impeachment? If the officlals have committed igh crimes and misdemeanors,” why are they not prosecuted in the courts? What laws have they violated? The answer is that perhaps they have violated no statutes whatever, vet may be subject to trial and pen- alties more severe than any attached to statutory law. There are pro- visions in the Constitution prohibit- ing ex post facto laws, yet provid- ing directly for the penalizing of officials who, without prohibitory statutes, have committed “high crimes and misdemeanors.” The accused are entitled to the customary assumption of innocence of the charges until, and unless, con- victed, hence it is only to discuss the principle of impeachments in general that this column is ad- dressed. * kK ok In the history of the United States under the Constitution, there have heen the following impeachment cases: Willlam Blount, Senator Tennegsee, acquitted, 1798, John Pickering, judge of District Court, convicted, 1803. Samuel Chase, justice of the United States Supreme Court, acquitted, 1805. James H. Peck, judge of District Court, acquitted, 1831. West H. Humphreys, judge of Dis- trict Court, convicted. 1862. Andrew Johnson, President of the United States, acquitted, 1868. ‘Willlam Belknap, Secretary of War, acquitted, 1876 Charles Swayne, judge of District Court, acquitted, 1905. Robert W. Archbald, judge of Commerce Court, convicted, 1913. ‘With only nine previous impeach- ment charges in 137 years, and only three convictions since the Govern- ment was founded, it is sufficiently unusual to find two or more such cases simultaneously under considera- tion of Congress today. No previous Congress has ever had two impeach- ments to try. from * ok ko In all cases, the defense has sought to restrict the impeachment power to the narrow limits of technicalities, . rates on coal bought in speculation by parties in _partnership with Judge Archbald. The defense sought to limit the impeachment power to such offenses only as were indictable, which would have established “such narrow limits as to include within the meaning of the terms ‘high crimes and misdemeanors' only such acts of misconduct which amounted to crime.” Senators Root and Lodge held that ishehavior were to be com. high crimes and misde- meanors,” although no crime could be proved. o did a very decided ma- Jority of the Senate. * % ok % The common phrase used in charges in impeachment cases is the accusation of “high crimes and mis- demeanors.” What are “high crimes and misdemeanors,” especially in acts apart from the responsibilities of the office held by the accused? In a footnote to 4 Blackstone (p. 5, Lewis’ Ed.), Christian says, “The word ‘crime’ has no technical mean- ing, * * * but the words ‘high crimes and misdemeanors’ are used merely to give greater solemnity to the charge.” As applied to civil officers “misde- meanor” signifies maladministration or misbehavior in office, irrespective of whether such conduct is or is not. indictable. In all impeachments the House acts as accuser, the Senate as the trial court. * ok ok K Aside from Federal officials, there have been cases of impeachment of State officers, notably the conviction and removal of Gov. Sulzer of New York, in 1913, upon the broad grounds that he had shown himself generally unfit, by offenses committed not while in office, but prior to his election, un- exposed until after he had become governor. Hence it is generally ac- cepted that impeachable offenses may be entirely apart from the particular duties of the office held by the ac- cused, or may even antedate his in- cumbency of any office. The penalty is removal from office and_disqualification from ever again holding an office of trust. Conviction under impeachment does not bar subsequent indictment in the criminal courts, if the offenses are shown to be statutory. No impeach- ment can hold after the accused has ceased to be in office, for there is no penalty beyond removal and disquali- fication from again holding any of- fice of trust, except under statutory prosecution of erime in ordinary court procedure. The demonstration of the successful arguing that the offenses did not con- | pemoval of Judge Archbald, in 1918, stitute “high crimes and misdemean- has been used to combat the political ors,” or that the acts were aside from g the anties of the ofices held by ‘the | oo maa of Oy 0 e e accused, hence not impeachable. instead of a political recall, if found In a book, “Judic'al Tenure in the | ynfi; otherwise they hold office “dur- United States, with Special Referenceto | jng good behavior.” the Tenure of Federal Judges,” writ- Thomas Jeffer- son argued that “a judge independent ten by Willlam 8. Carpenter, Ph. D., |of a king or executive, alone, is of the department of political science. | good thing, but independence of the TUniversity of Wisconsin, the author {will of the Nation is a solecism, at say. ¥ “But a great change has been wrought in the popular attitude least, in a republican government.” x % % x ‘The most notable crime ‘of a pub i toward the impeachment power bY|man since the foundation of the Gov- | the recent conviction of Judge Afch- ernment under the Constitution was bald of the United States Commerce | that of Aaron Burr, who had come Court, who was removed in 1913. o . demonstrated . that ty lines cun within one electoral vote of being ¢ The results in this case have | president of the United States, tying with Thomas Jefferson. The election be swept aside and the technicalities | was decided in the House, resulting of pleading rejected where it is sought | in making Jefferson President and to reach a man wholly unfit for office. Burr Vice' President. Later, he fail- Moreover, the scope of the impeach- [ed to be renominated and was defeat- ing power was revealed as transoend- | ed also for Governor of New York, ing the narrow limits imposea by thé | jargely through the opposition of Alex- results of the Chase trial. It ap- peared fully competent to protect the [ in a duel, ander Hamilton. He killed Hamilton growing out of political péople against unfitness in public of- | pjtterness, and he was indicted for ficers and became again a vigorous | murder. Later he formed a con- weapon, as intended by the framers | spiracy to disrupt the Union, and was of the Constitution.” * ok kK tried for treason, hnt he court, not nnder fm- arrested ant thay was in 1In the case against Judge Archbald | peachment, for at the time of his but used his influence to se- nvested | crimes he held no office. 1f efther ilton murder or the treason had occurred while he held office, he cure favorable terms, in considerition | would have been both impeached and of which he was to receive a share in | indicted. the profits.” Tijis related to freight | (Copyright. 1926. by Pav® V. Collins.)