Evening Star Newspaper, September 5, 1925, Page 6

6 THE EVENING STAR _ With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. .September 5, 1925 . Editor N ", % | The Evening Star Newspaper Company i Bustness Office 11¢h St_and Pennsvlvania Ave New York Office: 110 East 42nd St Chicago Office Tower Building European Office Rexent St.. London The Evenin. Ine edition. the city at 6 45 cents ver month_ O telephone Mam 5000 carrige at the end of e with the ehts per month - daily oni Cunday only. 20 cents e sent by mail or Colleetion 1= made by n month Star Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia Daily and Sunday s%.40 700 500 - 20¢ 1sr 1y mo mo. Daily only $6.00 Sunday only All Other States. $10.00: 1 mo Daily and Sunday Daily anly Sunday only Press. ely entitled Member of the Associated The Associated xol to the use for republication of all news dis Ir not otherwise cred Jso the local ne ichts of publication ‘efn are also reserved patches The Pollution of the Potomac. At no place within Columbia can the Pot considered safe for ports the Public a thorough of b Thus re. the District mac Rive hing. Health Service after of water, undertaken to feasibility and safety public bathing pools or the Capital's water front quiry was rendered guidance survey the Potomac ascertain the of establishing beaches along This necessary in- as a to future action by Congress in the of athing 1 lities, by the closing of the already established bathing beach in the Tidal Basin and the stoppage of work on a | provision public second beach there 1t plainly port, which follows an exhaustive and scientific of the untre is evident from this re survey local waters, that the oper Potomac ‘waters cannot be used for public bath- ing without grave risk to health. Sew- age the river both above and below the Great Falls dam. The water impounded at the falls for the city drinking supply filtered, and is thus rendered safely potable. The present report not cast doubt upon the purity of the water supplied | daily to the people of the for drink: r for bathing within the homes. No alarm should be felt on | that score in consequence of the find ings of the Public Health S But score of public there for discou and much concern in the conclusions of the report. Propos for the use of the waters of the Poto- tia Rivers for this | impracticable fed from the s out any treatment, bec unsuitable The large which river ca safe pours into is does city i stor rice on the bathing is reason agement terms mac and the Anace purpose hecome open beach m with obviously to m invitation whether pool estabiished in taken from the n so treated as to permit athing. That question of engineering and finance. Such pools | be built and maintained if the money for them is provided But back this public bathing question is a broader one, that of the pollution of the river by the following of antiquated, unwholesome methods | of sewage disposal in the watershed and in the District itself. The Public Health Service finds that the river i polluted from Maryland and Virginia sources above Great Falls, and from these sources and from the District below the falls. The river, in short, has made a con for the two States and the This condition been of from time to time have been made toward its cure, but it prevails. And now comes the result in an offi- cial finding that in quence of the unchecked pourin: filth into the Potomac the waters. of this river are unfit fq use for ablu tion without being filtered or chemical- 1y treated. Here i are laved an question small the arises or can be water be can in been mon District sewer is shocking. It has known, course, always, and moves scientific conse- the ms that are a city shores of which by stre unsafe hing, whereas it should have free and abundant bathing facili- with perfect security and sani fety. Yet without filtration or treatment the t menace to the is for public ties tary chemical these streams health of all impossible chemically tire body condition waters e re a who enter to It the The cure for this of may trea en of water lies in What th g Do the prevention pollution do toward He bathi Washin thing in view of the numerous drowr ings that occurred this Summer | following the of the bathing [ should toward the preservation of from its present bl Congr hment of pub- the people of should do some. on—and it have closing ach—it move the Potomac state e i Perhaps tl gO touring duri up with some of ard-coal miners who will meet | worganized con point of view manauvers. he strike sumers and about gain a new price-boostin e The Safety Zones and Traffic. Painting of pedestrians rector of traffic great rapidity. These pleted expe maximum There should be borne department promiscuously safety office white the zon of ressi s for di- with when com. d the walker. that the traffic if narrow by th, ng are ted to affor srote is one th however in mind by These zones established too on streets, will cause the w traffic lessening of the available used at all c t the zon made to conform with the width of the highway and to take up only a small portion of it At the of California | street Connecticut avenue, for example, newly painted safety zone occupies at least one-third of the narrow leaving barely ! enough for the passage of a single lime of automo- | biles. It is probable that this mis | take was caused by the miscalculation | of the painters, as the traffic director | is known to be opposed to any unnec- | essary obstruction in the street. A safety zone at thls point, if need- cd at all, should bé not more than almost complete to the roadway. If paralysis of mc due n this type of str shoald be intersection and the roadway space on either side l ¢ | traffic |endure the attack {the Shenandoah disaster | the dirigible, as at present designed i chance of a severe stress of air. i this case the ship was sent forth with | somewhere on | general atmospheric | Shenandoah was i cleaning i housekeeping during the Summer, {five feet wide. This would not only | provide protection for a small number of walkers, but would leave the nar- row street uncongested for motor traffic. At this particular intersection it is extremely unlikely that more than two or three pedestrians would {avail themselves of the zone at one time Safety zones on Pennsylvania ave- inue and other wide thoroughfares are | desirable from every viewpoint. Those |that have been installed in the last | few days are @ boon to the pedestrian, | They do not occupy enough space to interfere with traflic, and are proving | themselves to be one of the many ex cellent plans of the traffic office. | Folowine & general inspection by | the director of traffic, however, it is |expected that he will order the elim {ination of some zones entirely, the | narrowing of others and the installa | tion of additional ones on the wide | streets in the interest of frictionles: While the idea is a good one, }it must be carried out in such a man- scr that both motorists and pedes- trians will benefit and not suffer ——— es and Facts. Th the of the Shenandoah disaster multiply. One is that a dead engine led to the coilay Theoris wies as to cause through inability to withstand the extraordinary strain of Another that the valves inadequate permit speedy discharge of gas at a critical moment. A third is that the radio and control cabins were not strongly enough attached to the main struc ture and were wrenched loose by the gale, and in falling left holes in the outer covering through which the rushed, king the ship in two. Still another is that the gas tanks broke and sliding through the ship smashed girders and thus caused the general collap: It is evident from the known facts that the airship was not strong enough to withstand the strain of an ¥ severe Whether » powerful enough, the was stout enough, the ‘valves were sufficient, something in the crisis to be deficient. The conclusion is inevitable that the Shenandoah was in at least one part, perhaps in incompetent to of the wind The dirigible airship offers a large mark to any blast of wind. rende it susceptible strains even of the motive power the wind is were to a is wind loose in extraordinar gale. the en " structure or proved be several, its shape violent In a to in moderate airs, caused bounds wh by eddies and pockets. re- the earth and Is due to the interposition of an such the surface of the ant gas bag and its appendages. In this case the tremendous surface of the ship offered a fair mark to the gale. It matters little whether it was he radio control car that first gave way the gas tanks, whether the engines were too weak to rermit navigation against the storm. Something was at fault, and, therefore, inasmuch as no structure is safer than its weakest part. the whole proved inadequate. Back of all this lies the fact that shows that of air from or dr safe and built, is not dependable weathers. It is a fair-weather craft and that only. It should not be em- ployed on any errand when there is a If in in all the knowledge that conditions favored the development of violent storms the route somebody blundered unaccountably. It is officially stated that the storm that caused the wreck was local in character. Perhaps it was, in the sense that it covered a relatively narrow area of effect, possibly a path ten miles wide. But it could not mere. Iy locally. Tt was due to a condition prevail ing throughout a wide area, and such a condition can be determined in ad vance of the actual local storm de- velopment. In the present state of meteorological science it is possible thus to note and define a condition conducive to “local storms.” The permitted to leave Lakehurst in the face of such a con- dition, to take chances with “happen any, i squall or gale or electrical storm that might develop in its path. The ques- tion that remains to be answered is: Who knew the general storm-breeding | conditions to exist ahead of the pro- jected line of flight? Who, knowing such conditions to exist, permitted the flight to be started on a line that led into the area of possible danger? Lo = iillaux, having forgiven the ngs that were said about him in France during the war time, will hardly be disposed to recall the un- sant printed in this country ple ies {while he was under the ban of public disapproval at home. e It is one of the oddities of human nature that the who shies his old straw hat into the base ball field in his enthusiasm in September never casts his old felt “lid” away in the same manner in the Sp man ———— Next the family home from vacationing, and of the year will up after father's will return the hard- start in sketchy week est work r——— Thieves. Shocking vandalism have the wreck of the Shenandoah people swarming over the broken parts and stealing not merely frag- ments of the shattered structure and torn ing but instruments and papers, uvenirs” of the tragedy. Despite the efforts of volunteer and later assigned guards to protect the debris from the crowd, quantities of materials have been ripped loose and picked up and taken off. probably never to be restored. While much of this stuff that the vandals have taken is worthless, some of it is of importance. From the exact is reported to scene of the throngs of oceurred at cove materials of the wreck in its original | ondition might be deduced the specifie or first cause of the collapse, perhaps leading to improvements in construc- tion in later aircraft of this design. | Atter the fingers of souvenir thieves have picked up and wrenched off bits of the wreckage, however, the chances \ 1 there are inequalities of strain, | or | —————Tfliwéfl:_—b—:—_——:—————————————— of ever determining the point of flr-t‘ collapse are greatly lessened. This spirit of vandalism prevails after ‘every disaster. To many people a shocking tragedy, a railroad wreck, a fatal motor car collision, a fire, means only a chance to find some- thing of grisly interest, to be shown later with pride that passes under- standing. In many homes are cabinets containing such souvenirs of death, a fragment of cloth ripped from the body of a victim, a splinter of wood from a smashed railway coach, the {hub cap of a motor car that in its wild career has taken toll of life. These are called “souvenirs.” The | word strictly means “memories.” Why should the ghastly memory of a hor- |ror that has taken many lives be pre- served? The heroism of the men who faced death unflinchingly, the self- selves to save their fellows, these may be well remembered. But merely to keep a bit of twisted metal or stained cloth or splintered wood to gloat over {in secret or to display pridefully is to re-enact the tragedy for the morbid | delight of the basest reaction of which the human mind is capable. The “souvenir hunter” who takes away such tokens is, to use a short but true word. a thief. He would prob- ably never steal money, but he does — vaoee Snakes. farmers in an Ohio meadow en a snake that was twenty- five feet long and as large of girth as a stovepipe. One of the farmers said that while he was cutting hay the snake rawled rapidly across the {meadow” and under the farm horses. He admitted that he was so frightened jthat he was “hardly able to work the |remainder of the day.” With such | provocation many a man would take a day off from work and go to bed. The other farmer said that he was so frightened on seeing the snake that he fraid to walk through the fleld. Almost any man will forgive him for being a little nervous. Oppo- nents of one of the late amendments to the Constitution and a much-dis- cussed law based thereon will see in 'lhi« snake story confirmation of their belief that the great American reform measure is not working well. cially in Ohio. Perhaps they will say that men are not seeing as singly as in other days. Before the drought there were men who saw creatures that a zookeeper would go far to add to his coilection, but it was most un- usual for two men mowing hay in a | peaceful meadow to see a python, an- aconda or a boa constrictor. Spiders, elephants and imps often took unusual shape and fancy coloration, twenty-five-foot snake as big of waist s a stovepipe w not often seen snakes as were seen on those days were qQuite active and eccentric, but they were not so long and thick as this Ohio anaconda. Consideration of this case ought to be taken up by the most learned ophidologists in the land. ———— Reduction of the income taxes ought to be accompanied by repeal of the | publi law. When everybody. gets | to paying less there will be no war- |rant whatever in starting gossip {about small payments. r——— Washington doing its best to keep it from de. veloping a monopoly on the base ball pennants this strictly | Washington's population will show a decided gain during the coming | week. It is fortunate that the first {days of September are not chosen for | | census taking. . Southeastern Ohio has had violent storms, with heavy hail, but {never before one that scattered frag- | ments of dirigibles around the country promiscuously. I AR S | No matter how the New York | mayoralty primary election goes things will never be the same between | Gov. Al Smith and some of his erst- while friends ————— P SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON Forgotten Dates. {* “Do you think a memory for dates ! helps a man?” | “Sometimes,” replied Farmer Corn- |tossel. “But not when he is selling Spring chickens. The Pace. The man who “burnt the candle at both ends" Has vanished from the scene. The reckless person now his sub- stance spends In burning gasoline. A Comparison. “Ia that man a real lcader?" | “No,” replied Senator Sorghum. “He of cars. He heads the procession, but the real pushing is done by a locomo- tive in the distance.” | The Moods of a Fan. | “Why do you watch the base ball | bulletins carefully?” asked one woman. “My husband is an enthusiast over the game,” replied the other. “I make it @ rule never to discuss household or millinery expenses with him except on days when the home team wins." { Beneficiaries. A man there was whose busy ‘Was never known to rest. Of all earth holds he strove to gain The biggest and the best. Great palaces and chariots fine ‘Were his, and gardens fair. And yet each morn at § or 9 He sought his office chair. brain And stewards footmen i bland His vast estates would roam. Bach served the rest with generous hand. And made himself at home. The great man in his office dim, Still toiling day by day. Believed that they all worked for him. “He works for us,” laughed they, smug and sacrifice of those who offered them- | {not hesitate to steal something that | he considers valueless, but that cor- rodes his moral nature. | | E i ape- | but a | many | reminds me of the front end of a train | 1 BY CHARLES E. “My wife's gone to the country, hooray, hooray' sang John Smith, hopping out of bed, a real September morn picture, as he prepared for his shower. . “A little vacation from the wife is a good_thing, now and then,” medi. tated Smith, looking around as if fearful some one might hear him. “I believe I-will stay home today, {and do my work far from the hurly- burly of the office,” he continued to himself. “The women certainly do have it easy, just to stay home every day where it is nice and quiet. “What they want to go down town for when they don’t have to is some- thing utterly beyond me,” said Smith, as he turned on the cold water. “Brrrr! Ouch! That's cold,” he_shivered. “No, sir, they certainly have it easy, staying home all day, where ! they can have some peace and quiet, and not be bothered by every Tom, Dick and Harry running in for in- structions as to what to do here, and what to do there, and all the rest of ®." So saying, John Smith completed | his bath, turning over in his mind the blissful prospect of a_ whole day en- tirely to himself, free from in- terruption. He would work, medi- tate, commune, in general have a| high old, quiet old time. A bowl of breakfast food, helped along by the milk brought in from the front porch, convinced Smith | more than ever that it is a great old world, after all. He had given up the idea of preparing himself some break fast bacon, for he realized he did not know whether one used lard or but ter to fry it in. * x k * “God's in heaven, all's right with | the world,” sang the musical Smith, pulling his chair back from the table. Ting-a-ling-a-ling! “Somebody at the door,” Smith as {sured himself pleasantly. He was in- | terested. The door, he told himself, | 1as he walked to the living room, was a sort of surprise packet, which, upon being opened, might reveal any one. Maybe on the other side of that door ‘might be the Big Boss, himself. “Smith,” he would say, “I have called upon you personally this morn- ing, in order to get you to accept this 185,000 increase in salary. T will be| quite frank and admit that we are afraid some other firm will snatch you away from us, so I thought I would catch you earl: Then Smith really opened the doo “Can’t I interest you in taking {butter and eggs from us?" suavely | asked a tall, straw-hatted figure on the doorstep. “Now we— " “We have been getting our eggs and butter from the same man for 10 years.,” pleasantly replied the householder. | “We would like you to give us a| | trial | ‘We are perfectly satisfied, thank | you. No, thank you very much, we| will stick to him. No, we don’t want | to even make a trial. No.” So saying, Smith gently shut the door. It rather hurt him to do it, { too. he wants to be kind to ev y one. “Now for some work.” chortled | Smith, bounding up the stairs to his littie den, where the old typewriter backoned, eager to have its Kkeys limbered up for the morning run. “Pretty soft.” chuckled Smith. Ting-a-ling-a-ling! “Now I wonder | Smith asked the air. . | “Mister, don’t you want to buy | vacuum cleaner?” asked the {all,| straw-hatted man on the doorstep. He | was an entirely new agent, of course, | but he was tail, and he wore a straw ha!a“;\'nn!h was to find out that thev a who that a 1 BY WILLIAM ARTICLE VL. To @nv:rfln_un business prosperity something must be done to make the | | farmer more prosperous. This seems | jalmost elementary, yvet hardly 5 per jcent of the business men of the il'nlled States who have contributed their answers to your correspond- ent's question, “How can we attain a | greater degree of prosperity?” have { reckoned the farmer in the picture at all. | he chief thing needed to increase business prosperity hereabouts,” says | Don V. Stephens. president of the | Fremont (Nebr.) State Bank, “is a | good crop prospect and a good crop ilater. We can't have prosperity | without producing a crop, as Ne | braska is a strictly agricultural State and has nothing to sell except the production of her soil.” That is the answer. too, that comes from Towa. “The Midwestern coun- try,” says A. F. Dawson, president of the IFirst National Bank of Daven- port, lowa, “needs a good crop to {restore the buying power of the tarmer.” President Stephenson of the South Bend (Ind.) Loan and Trust Co. adds his voice to those who consider the farmer’s plight as essentlally a part of the prosperity picture. “Until such time as there are abundant crops that sell for reasonable and | adequate compensation,” he writes, “the prosperity we all hope for will not be in sight.” Need of a Stable Basis. Western and Midwestern rail- roads, whose revenue comes in large part from the products of agriculture, are keenly alive to the necessity of increasing _agricultural well being. L. W. Baldwin, president of the Mis- sourt Pacific Railroad Co.. puts it this way: griculture needs to be placed on | a more stable and prosperous basis, and this, of course, involves a stabili- zation of the export market situation. | Our railroads, likewise, are greatly in need of stabilizing influences, espe- cially with respect to rates, because that will enable them to work out not only their problems of finance, but |also their programs for improvement. | “I think it goes without saying that |when agriculture and the railroad transportation industry are placed on a sound and prosperous basis, the rest of the country is certain to enjoy a full measure of prosperity. It is hard- ly necessary to point out the effect on conditions as a whole when nearly 130,000,000 people on 6,500,000 American farms are prosperous. The potential purchasing power of | | this large percentage of our total citi- zenship exercises so important an in- fluence on business conditions and is so widely understood that it does ot | seem’ to need discussion. In a gen- eral way_that applies also to the rail- roads. In addition to the 2,000,000 wage-éarners employed on the rail- roads, there are about 1,000,000 other persons in allied industries who are more or less directly dependent for their prosperity on the prosperity of the railroads. “Using the accepted averages these 3,000,000 workens represent approxi- mately 15,000,000 of our population, and_betsween the two groups almost one-half of the population of the United States is represented.” Cities Depend on Farms. Closely linked with the farmers in the circle of fortune are the meat packers. They, like the rural banker and the agricuitural railroad, see the need for increasing prosperity down on the farm before there can be gen- eral prosperity in the city. Stabiliza- tion of foreign markets appeals might- | be | a patent lighter for the gas Smith is a friendly fellow, and [ THE VOICE OF BUSINESS s | Dawes plan, as well . TRACEWELL. No, we have a vacuum cleane replied the house owner and occupant. | “You have a vacuum cleaner?” inanely asked the agent. 1 Yes, we have a very good vacuum cleaner,” retorted _Smith, vaguely aware Of the fact that the conversa- tion was silly Maybe—-" “No, one is enough,” grinned Smith, | softly easing the door closed. He jumped his way upstairs again. This time he got paper into the old ma- chine, and was going through the bardest task in the world—beginning —when the bell rang again. Down to the door ran “Might as well leave it open, smiled to himself. ‘Mister,” began the tall, straw-hat- ted chap, “will you give me your votes? I am representing the House- keeper's Own Magazine, and every subscription means two votes for me so 1 can go to college next year.” “That's ~ very interesting,” said Smith, “but we already take the| Housekeeper's Own Magazine.” | “Then won't you extend your sub- scription, mister? “No, a yvear at a time is enougf. Smith’ said, closing the door gently | but_firmly. ive minutes’ work, and then | ing-a-ling! “Darn that bell,” growled Smith. iuess I had better go see who it is.” He found on the doorstep another tall tellow in u straw hat. Is the lady of the house in? the man. “No, she ain't,” forcibly ungrammatically returned Smith. “I represent the Ladies' Knitting Co.. and T have some fine new suits to show her,” went on the agent. “Maybe you would like to look at them—— “T_would the door. Smith it he " asked although not,” said Smith, closing * %o o By noon Smith had been interviewed by an old lady who said she was help- | ing an old ladies’ home, a 12-year-old boy selling scraggly looking flowers | badly In need of water, two hucksters and two watermelon men. “Look at this nice watermelon,” | sald the first seller, displaying the | first real salesmanship of the day. It did look fine, 0 Smith decided to | take a chance, after he had the man | plug the big fiuit. While he went | back upstairs to get the change, how- | ever, the watermelon man switched | melons on him, a fact which Smith Qid not perceive until the man was gone around the corner. i The second watermelon man, it can | imagined, got short welcome. | “That's the trouble,” said the second seller of the lusclous fruit. *Us hon est fellows has to suffer on account of them fellers.” ! Smith feelingly joined in this senti- ment as he threw his nice unripe melon into the garbage can. The first agent to call after lunch, hastily improvised, was a man selling nge. “Got one,” replied Smith, shutting | the door instantly. He was gettin wise. He would show them. Gos Did his wife have to put up with this every day, or was this just a big day in_the selling game? Ting-a-ling-a-ling! hatted man was selling smooth top plates for the gas range this time. | “Ours are smooth already,” declared | Smith Ting-aling! A sweet, elderly lady | wanted to sell him some spices. Three | laundry solicitors tried to lure him | away from the laundry he had patron- | ized for 15 years. H Ting-a-ling-a-ling-ling! ay, mister, do you want—— But Smith didn't stop to find out | what it was the man wanted him to| buy. He put on his hat and went down to the noisy office where he. could find some quiet. i | 1 The tall. straw | P. HELM, JR. i ily to the packers. Says John L. Car-| son, treasurer of the Jacob Dold Pack- | ing Co., Buffalo, N. Y. “We can prosper only as the world prospers. As a result of the World | War the nations of Europe have been in the hospital, but for a long time refused to apply the remedies pre- | Scribed by the American Government, | business and financial interests. “Until they apply to the fullest ex tent the remedies proposed in the | in the Svllln'v‘ ment of their national obligations, | along with the virtue of hard wor and saving, they will not recover as rapidly as they should ! “We have something more to do to | assist Burope. We should be prepared 80 to modify our tariff laws as to per- mit reasonable exports from our Eu | ropean debtors and thus enable them to liquidate as quickly as their na tional resources permit.” | A touch of what Europe thinks of | us is referred to in the statement pre- | pared by Charles Clifton, chairman of the Plerce-Arrow Motor Car Co., Buf- talo, N. Y., who says: ! “Personally I feel that the country is enjoying great prosperity. 1 feel| that while certain intcrests seem to be | iepressed abnormally, most businesses, | especially those of distribution and | many production lines, are more than | average prosperous. We arc so much | more prosperous than the rest of the | world that we are placed in the un-| enviable position of being envied, and | perhaps hated, by some of the other countries.” President W. B. Storey of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Rail- way System believes that the prob- lem is one of education. He says, in answer to the question: “Education of the public to a reali- zation of the principles that increase in volume and decrease in the cost of handling is the only way in which prosperity can be increased. This means that production should be en- larged and costs per unit reduced. “This can be reduced by publicity | of the fact that elimination of waste, avoldunce of duplication of facilities and of restrictions on output, and in- creasing the productive capacity of the individual, also the reduction of tax burdens, are necessary require- ments to obtain the desired result. “If the public is thus educated, we will be better able to supply the needs of our own people and will also be in better shape to meet foreign competition and to compete more ad-' vantageously for foreign commerce.” Reduction of Farm Taxes. Reduction of farm taxes is urged as a means to enhance prosperity by President Charles A. Bigelow of the Kneeland-Bigelow Co., large manu- facturers of lumber, Bay City, Mich. M. Bigelow says: “Agricultural and live stock interests, when prosperous, constitute about the largest single element of buying power in this coun- try. Until they become more pros- perous than they are or have heen for some few years, there will be no further taking up of new lands or re- cultivation of abandoned farms, and they will not be the buying force they should be. Taxation, especially State and ccunty, is a serious matter with the farmer, and economy in adminis- tration of State expenditures, followed by a reduction in taxes, will be a strong factor in restoring the agri- cultural and live stock interests to prosperity.” From S. Pemberton Hutchinson of Philadelphia, president of the West- moreland Coal Co. and former presi- dent of the National Coal Associa- tion, comes a brief but thought-pro- voking reply to the question, “How! | short time in Europe. | of | the | ishes THE LIBRARY TABLE By the Booklover. England is one of the best choices for the traveler who can spend but a The distances are short, so that not much time need be wasted on raiilway trains, and many motor trips are possible. But to the ‘traveler by book, distances are endless, for books without number have been written about this small but most important section of the world. A delightful tour for one who has already visited London, the uni- versity centers and the Shakespeare country is to visit the chief cathedral towns ‘and coach or motor through Devonshire and Cornwall, the York- shire moors and other parts of rural England. A book on the English ca- thedrals published some years ago, but still one of the best, is Mrs. Schuyler Van Rensselaer's “English Cathedrals,” illustrated with 154 draw- ing by Joseph Pennell. Twelve cathe- drals are treated, both architecturally and historically—Canterbury, Peter- borough, Durham, Salisbury, Lich- fleld, Lincoln, Ely, Wells, Winchester, Gloucester, York and St. Paul's in London. “Cathedral Citles in Eng- land,” by George Gilbert, illustrated in color by W. W. Collins, covers the same cathedrals, with the addition of Oxford, Albans, Worcester, Chich- ester, Chester, Rochester, Ripon, Hereford, Bath, Exeter, Norwich and Westminster in London ik b ¥ A section of the Yorkshire moors, rich in literary associations as well as scener described in Elizabeth Southwart’s “Bronte Moors and Vil- lages From Thornton to Haworth.” “The Bronte country from Thornton to Haworth is a stretch of wild hills and rocks and yawning quarries; of harshly outlined flelds, with the re- lentless moors creeping up to their | black walls, waiting for the first mo- ment of forgetfulness to take back what has been wrung from them.” At Thornton Village are the ruins of the Old Bell Chapel, where Patrick Bronte preached and where Mrs. Bronte and her children sat and shiv- ered among the stone pillars 50 is the old parsonage whe lotte, Emily, Anne and Bramwell Bronte were born. Thornton Hall is perhaps the of Thornfield Hall in *. At Haworth is another Bronte parsonage and the church which contains the tombs of Charlgtte and Emily. Across from the church is the Black Bull Inn, the haunt of the unfortunate Bramwell. One may stroll across the moors to the Bronte waterfall, one of the fa- vorite walks of the sisters, apd to Ponden House, probably the original of Emily's “Wuthering Heights,” and Whycoller Hall, the Ferndean manor Jane Eyre.” Of the influence of moor country on the Bronte sis. ters Elizabeth Southwart says: “We do not know how much of their wild surroundings went to the molding of their genius, but we do know that the spirit of this country, which was there before the Brontes came to it, found these frail-bodied sisters in Haworth parsonage, clear eyed, sensitive and passionate, and used them for its in- terpreters ok “Highwavs and Byways and Cornwall,” by Arthur with illustrations by Joseph Pennell and Hugh Thomson, tempts us to Southwestern England, where there s a combination of bold, rocky coast, hills, forest and heath with a wealth of history and romance. Exeter is the capital of Devon and seat of one of England’s beautiful smaller _cathe- drals. It is a center for tours through the " Lorna Doone” country and through the Dartmoor of Eden Phillpotts’ nov- els. Mr. Norway calls Clovelly “the most exquisite town in BEngland.” with its narrow street which “drops down the hillside between high-peaked and gabled houses and humbler slated cot- tages with deep bow windows and diamond panes and the fresh red brown Virginia creeper trailing over them.” Ilfracombe is now too much of a resort, but is very beauti- in_Devon Norway, | ful, nestling “in a deep hollow among lofty tors, so humped and twisted that they seem to be still heaving from the impact of some huge subterranean convulsion.” The author. like many of us, better enjoys country rambling than city jostling, so he devotes much space to the valleys of the Exe and Dart and the harbors at their mouths. Also, being a Cornishman, he cher- a conviction that “the relation of Devonshire to Cornwall is that of the anteroom to the presence cham- ber, or the hors d'ceuvres to the ban- quet.” It is over the jagged crests, | the purple moors and ancient dolmens and cromlechs of Cornwall that he becomes really eloquent. The one in- land lake of Cornwall, a lonely tarn, is that from which ceived his magic sword, Excalibur, and into which Sir Bedivere threw the sword at Arthur’s death. “Through a long and winding village into a ra- | | vine, which falls steep and narrow toward the sea,” we approach Tin- tagel, where are the ruins of King Arthur's castle. sula is almost, if not quite, the wild est and most solitary district in Corn- wall.” It has been the scene of many and much smuggling and piracy. “The charm of the Land's End itselt is one of mere idea. The Cliffs are neither so lofty nor so beau- tiful as at many other points.” The charm of mere idea is a great charm, however, and we are xlad to end our tour of Cornwall with the most west- erly point of land in England. can we attain greater Mr. Hutchinson answers it thus: "By having more customers able to pay for what they want to buy. Why? Because about half the people in the world who bought things in the past are broke?” Vice President Paxon of Davison, Paxon, Stokes Co., Atlanta, answers the question in four words, estab- lishing a record for brevity. The makingg of prosperity, he says, are as follows: forget politics.” Not long ago the country read of a philanthropist “who had given away his busfhess, worth many milions, to his employes. ter, lumber prince of Columbus, Ohio, has written a lengthy reply to your correspondent’s questions. Space does not permit of printing his full com- munication, but the following sen- tences from his pen are significant: “Our chief need is reform of taxa- tion. - “The tendency seems to have been that the Government ought to do everything for the individual and re- lieve him, to the maximum, of doing anything. The result has been crea- tion of commissions, boards and bu- reaus and subdivisions of these al- most ad infinitum, with the conse- quent enormous increase in the great horde of employes who dre main- tained at public expense. “A policy of simplicity in adminis- tration should be adopted. A great horde of office holders and public em- ploves should be separated from the public pay roll and required to go to work in public industry. “There should be no overlapping of the Sources of taxation. Things taxed by the Federal Government should not be taxed by the State. Gift taxes should be abolished. Inheritance or transfer taxes should be confined en- tirely to the States ‘And, finally, a system of taxation should be devised which is so simple that a business concern can prepare its own tax returns and pay its taxes by the employment of the ordinary business talent which is capable of conducting the business. Such is not the case at the present time.” (Covyrizht. 1928.) King Arthur re- | gtockholders “The Lizard Penin- ! “Optimism, confidence; | That man, W. M. Rit-| | 1 | Rallroad Companie: prosperity ?" | nity BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Q. C. G. What is a well balanced diet?— is no specific date announced for the Fall meeting. The office is working A. The Department of Agriculture | on claims which have been presented. says that the well balanced diet pro- vides within the limits of the fuel, or | calories, needed to maintain the best body weight for age and height: Pro- tein, right in kind and amount; iron, calcium, phosphorus and vitamins A, B and C. The diet should be either bulky or “potentially” bulky; that is, capable of increasing in volume as it passes through the body. Balance should be extended also to matters that affect taste. There must be varfety of flavors. Bland, sweet, sour and savory foods must be used in right proportions and either carefully blended or skillfully contrasted. So, too, with textures. Hardness, soft- ness, starchiness, fattiness, and succulence are all pleasing quali- ties, but they must be balanced one with another if the diet as a whole is to be attractive. Q. How should a monkey for?—P. M. D. A. Monkeys are natives of warm climates and cannot endute a low temperature, therefore they should be provided with heated quarters, at least during cold weather. If the animal is to be confined continually the cage should not be less than four feet in each dimension. The cage should be entirely tight with only the front wired—thus preventing draughts, which are fatal to these animals. The following is prescribed as a diet Vegetables, raw or cooked: boiled rice ripe fruit-—bananas, oranges, sweet apples; stale bread, occ of well cooked chicken, fresh milk to which raw egg has been added; water should be provided at all times. be cared Q. Can a razor or like instrument be spoiled by boiling in water?— M. O. B. A. The Bureau of Standards says that there is no real basis for the statement that pouring hot water on a crispness ! | | play Q. Is it true that the microphone hears things not audible to the human ear?—J. S A. The microphor much mor ear, but, 1 call attention ordinarily escad Q. teams on A A. Half the teams now have play ing managers: David Baneroft (short stop), Boston Natiof 2 Horns by (second baser Na tionals; Tyru troit Americar aseman), St. Louis / ley Harris (second ington Americans; ond n) Tris Speaker Americans. Q. Are many Ame so0ld in England?—C. A. The United ported to the United passenger cars, 703 motor les 1.085 items months of complete passer 14,728, of wi may not be so sensitive than the human the camera, it seems to to little things which pe our physical senses. many maj managers tean s How 1 have eague bhall who actually Eddie € Chicago (outfielder), lins (sec Amer 1 automobiles M ites in 1924 ex Kingdom trucks an compared witk correspa the imp imbered | cent came £ | horns and bea razor blade will injure the steel from | which it is made. In general, razors are very hard, and it is possible that in some cases the continued applica tion of boiling” water would slight tempering effect, theret ly softening the blade; however, general, it believed that the is in fluence of hot-water applications would | merely “season” hardened steel with- out any material change in hardness. Q. How mu weigh?—B. D. A. As a rule they ing from 80 to 100 in t nited States they much 140 pounds, w casional one even heavier Both males and females usually have 1s. The fleece weighs from 3 to 12 pounds Q. Do many have walls and gates”—N. A. Most English towns have lost their walls and city gates. York and Chester, however, still retain them. ; English castles, abbeys and col- still have the! edieval bar- goats small, weigh Sometimes weigh as h an oc than this. English towns still € leges rers. (The keynote of the times {s aef= ficient service. In supplying its read~ ers with a free information bdureau in | Washington The Star is living up to The nature of seasoning by hot water | | are paying liberally for this servios when applied to different steels is not well understood, but in the case men tioned it is questionable whether the cutting edge of the b at all Q. Is the Mixed Claims Comm in session now?’—T. G. T A. The Mixed Claims Commission has adjourned until October. sion | | | There | ington this principlc in dced and fact. We in _order that it public may be free to the Submit your queries to the staff of erperts whose services are put at your disposal. Inclose 2 cents in stamps for return pastage. Ade dress The Star Information Bureau, Frederick J. Haskin, director, Twentye first and C streets northwest, Washe D.c) BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL President Roosevelt fought against the mergers of railroads Coolidge is reported as dec policy will be to support make the merger of pulsory, in accord with the plan pre pared by the Interstate Commerce Commission, under the operation of the Esch-Cummins act. That act at present provides only for author bill | voluntary mergers of certain combir { tions of roads into but it is to be amended, according to | that | “a few President Coolidge’s policy, so after seven yvears following the com mission's announcement of its all railroads which have not volun- | President | 1586 ariing his | m 11 railroads com- | plan | tarily complied and merged will be| forced to do so. Superficially was a crime 20 years virtue today, and that if Roose were right in opposing mergers, F ident Coolidge must be Wrong. closer study of conditiol as by the President’s supporters, clears away that supposed opposition of views. it appears that what elt * & ¥ % The attempted consolidation of t Great Northern and Northern Pacif under a_holding orthern Securities Co., velt'’s administration, v the Department of ned by the company, the during = Roo: was prevented Justice, which was sus ago becomes a | Al Supreme Court, because at that time | mission 1ds and the Interstate Commerce Cor had no power to control rai protect the interests of shipper possesses todey. The issue then was the proposed merger monopoly of power to dictate rates and _control service in the interest of alone, and at the cost of the public. It was monopoly which was dangerous, not the merger when monopoly is prevented. Today the Interstate Commerce Com- mission controls rates, controls service of all roads in the interest of shipper and the abuses which were obvious and dangerous in Roosevelt's day would be checked effectually by the | to_decree that a laws already giving control to the | commission In Roosevelt’s autobiography (page 448) appears this paragraph: **Although, under the decision of the courts, the National Government had power over the railways, I found, when 1 became President, that this power was either not exercised at all or_ex- ercised with utter inefiiciency. The law against rebates was a dead letter. All the unscrupulous railway men had been allowed to violate it with impu- and because of this, as was in- evitable, the scrupulous and decent railway men had been forced to violate it themselves, under penalty of being beaten by their less scrupulous rivals It was not the fault of these decent railway men. It was the fault of the Government.” President Roesevelt goes on to re- late how Paul Morton, the son of Cleveland’s Secretary of Agriculture and president of the Santa Fe Rail- road, came forward volunteering to give testimony exposing the whole in- iquitous system of rebates and other discriminations in favor of the big shippers. Mr. Morton volunteered hi: exposure on condition that Roosevelt would then really put a stop to the | The outcome was the pas- | practice. sage of the Hepburn rate bill, which gave the Interstate Commerce Com- mission, for the first time, real control over the railways. From that time the evil of special, secret rebates was “‘ab- solutely eradicated.’ ) It will be recalled that 25 to 50 years ago the greatest danger confronting the public was the increasing power of trusts, monopolies and big business. In a speech by Senator Cushman K. Da. vis, law partner of the present Secre- tary of State, Frank B. Kellogs, Senator Davis referred to the danger of growing monopolies: Feudalism! * * * Its spirit walks the earth and haunts the institutions of today, in the great corporations with the control of national highwa: their occupation of great domains, their power to tax, their cynical con- tempt for law, their sorcery to debase most gifted men to the capacity of splendid slaves, their poilution of the ermine of the judge and the robe of the Senator, their aggregation in one man of wealth so enormous as to make Croesus seem a pauper, their picked, paid and skilled retainers, who are summoned by the message of electric- ity and agpear upon the wings of steam. If we look into the origin of feudalism and of the modern corpora- tions—those Dromios of history—we find that the former originated in a strict paternalism, which is scouted by modern economists, and that the latter has grown from an unrestrained free- dom of action, aggression and develop- ment, which they commend as the very ideal of political wisdom.” | railroaa V. COLLINS. At the time that speech was made, there was no te Com- Commission control the lic - be - no Deps Departme 1s 1te 1ds, & of ment Commerce to pr the peop tation. Conditi me helpless « it necessary t nspor- t the merg those sta his palic tion of all systems ha of a monopo that is ) governm enforcement to perfect economie roads, President smen who = da- 19 some dar institutions What is n ontrol of admir under 19 he w sought is n of rafl places of ient com- to fundame the m ng road: and itions, from bank- for it 1s to 11 public ed by prevent tk ) ruptey and the interest th that all commt ciently with Whether plish the ecc ed by its supporter qugstion. on both dicted th: sition i There vers annihilation ities be ser sides, and t there will igrses quest the 1 oppo- Cc is a to 1a raised by on as wer r Congress »ad must weak and interest of the le loss to stock take losing public holders. In an editorial in Railwa posing the compulsory m argument is advanced that th no basis for ming that if a strong and a weak road are combined the strong v remn strong and the remain weak. I to the history railroad stocks 1910 St. Paul common stood in 1915 at $101 and today uoted at $9 and the road is I In 1907 Carl Snyd an on iilroads ok chaser 1 com: might with confidence that it would re show a la profit to its holde: The editor up the burden road, i the and at a poss ge, op the poin at said adily contir rn ¥ 1es, citing that in non sold Ssnva it was “pure water.” 1In 1910 the stock sold t 915 for $26 and now it ‘A large additiona! invest- ment in the property ent opera tion and increased traffic have caused the change.” “In 1810 Great North ern preferred sold for $144, in 1915 - '$128, now $75. In 1915 St San Francisco, kru, now it is worth $100. The point of the ar there no perr is §100 gument nt change radically overnig question of compulsor interference with the stockholders will be fiscatory and uncons the Government loss. There is is that ong” o may ne Wd the nmen i investments of resisted as con itutional, unles guarantees agains no_intention ministration to gua against loss, nor is there the slightest en couragement toward Government own ership of railroads, especially after the costly experiment during the World War, defended as a war necessity, but not as ecomomic wis dom. That Goverhment control of 11 months cost a net loss, according to James C. Davis, direttor gen eral of railroads (succeeding Secre. tar Willlam Gibb: McAdoo), was $1,145,000,000, to which must be add ed, says Mr. Dav mount cov- ering the six months' guaranty against stockholders' loss after the roads were turned back to private management; that guaranty cost the Government $: ,000,000. Then there was another item, says Mr. Davis, for “deficit roads’—what are now designated as “weak noads"—and that is estimated by the Interstate Commerce Commission to amount to $15,000,000. So in an experiment of less than 18 months’ Government management the total loss was $1,696,000,000. President Coolidge’s fundamental policy is saving against waste. He is not recommending Government ownership nor management of rail- roads, but only their merger for hoped-for economy. (Copyright. 1925, by Paul Woslinall ¥ the ad