Evening Star Newspaper, August 1, 1925, Page 6

6 THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SATURDAY......August 1, 1925 THEODORE W. NOYES. . ..Editor “’he Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Offire 11en s and New York Office 10 Chicago Office: Tower Building. European Office: 16 Regent St., London, England The Evening Star, with the Sunday morn- | s edition. 15 delivered by carriers within | the Gty a0 G0 cents - month® d 15 cents “per manth: Stnday onty | Der U Orders may. be sent Telonine Main 8000, - Collection fs made by | carrier at the end of ea Rate by Mail—Payable in Advanee. | Maryland and Virginia. | Daily and Sunday 1 yr., SRA40: . T0e Daily onty Sunday only . All Other States. Daily and Sunday...] ¥r. $10.00: Daily only, 1yl $7.00 Sunday only 1¥ 00 Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Pross ie exclusivels entitled | o the nse for renublication of all news dis- natches credited to it or not otherwise cred- also the local n hts ‘of publication 20 reserved. A0 200 250 | L B mo’. 25¢ | tted in this vaner and ished herein. Al ri ot special dispatches herein are al Bryan Rests at Arlington. William Jennings Bryan rests now at Arlington, after a career of stress ind earnest advocacy of high ideals. | He was laid at rest vesterday, mourned | great multitude of Americans of whom he s a prophet, and others a for ighteousness in the life of the people of this country. In the course of the more than! thirty vears of his energetic partici- | pation in public affairs, Mr. Bryan impressed himself deeply upon the minds of the people. His | versatility, his gift as an orator, his } nnflagging energy. his readiness to labor in any cause which he deemed to | he vital to the and the spiritual welfare of his fellow citizens commanded admiration, and from | many a devotion that survived his de- feats and disappointments the political ficld. 1f he was conscious of the approach of his end at Dayton it is probable that Mr. Bryan welcomed death in the | ircumstances. He could have wished no more fitting time of passing, for he was at the climax of one of his greatest endeavors He was not a man to desire to wane into decrepi tude and to linger on in life without participation. Tn this present affair, however, he did not regard his work as ended. Tndeed, it was only start ed. He realized that for the present the legal aspect of the Dayton case was paramount, even though he was chiefly concerned in the religious i sue. Tt would have been greatly to his liking had he been spared to carry on through all the stages of the con- test as protagonist for his view as champion for literal faith and belief. | The Bryan who was laid at rest ye: terday was the fighting man, the sc dler, not the academic observer. His vigor was undiminished, his powers were, in no wise lessened. He was at the height of his career, though prob- ably he had abandoned major polit cal aspirations. It was not in him, however, to stop. He never spared himself. Whatever the call to service he answered. It was not required of him that he go to Dayton in Midsum- mer to spend his last vital energies in | * proceeding that was technically be- | vond his own jurisdiction. But he rould not with consistency to his own nature have refrained from appear- ing, not merely as an onlooker, but a3 an active, even vehement, actor in the drama. As the vears pass the memory of Bryan will probably’ center chiefly npon this: final role rather than the earlier one of politics. The political chapter in his life had practically | closed. Had he succeeded in his | ation to lead the country as Execu- | by a to many Wi te si ¢ worker American economic in | | | ! for o five no later activity would have be- | come the dominating element in his | fame. But in the circumstances his | know | Motorists from out of town, however, i 1ast | rebate might not be so appealing as street cars has been Public Utilities Commission, and a hearing will be given next week on this question, the street railway com- vanies contending that their cars should not be halted at the ‘“stop” signs. It may be that on examination of the matter it will sirable to regard all streets on which trolley cars run as boulevards, which would relieve motormen from the obligation to bring their cars to a halt. It develops in practice that the painted signs are not sufficiently visi- ble. The first machine in a line may be halted directly over the sign to obscure it from the vision of a fol- lowing driver. Hence it is now pro- posed to supplement the painted pave- ment marks with signs at the curbs which all may see, though some dis- tance from the crossing. Local motorists are the points at which cars must be halted. In practice, however. not all of them do know all the places where the rule applies. They must t this knowledge from experience. supposed to with only a scant knowledge of the local rules. should be given every possible facility for understanding the requirements. This rule is designed to facilitate the movement of trafic along arterial streets and prevent collisions. A rea- sonable adjustment and a sincere en- deavor on the part of all motor drivers to observe the rule would be to their advantage, would lessen their risks and promote the traffic flow. e E. Madden on Retrenchment. Martin B. Madden, chairman of the House appropriations committee, who, In a measure, holds the purse strings of the Treasury, strikes an encouraging note in his declaration for reduction of taxes and of expenditures, made following a conference with President Coolidge. Mr. Madden handles the spending end of the Government’s The less the Government the less revenue it needs, and lower the taxation. The chair- man of the appropriations committee, who has preached economy in and out of season for vears, declares now that Congress should not appropriate more than $3,100,000,000 at its next session. or about $125,000,000 less than at the meeting of the National Legis lature. While Mr. Madden declares himself heartily in favor of the administra- tion's plan for .further tax reduction he differs with the policy of the Sec- retary of the Treasury, which has been to use surplus revenues to re duce the national debt. He prefers, he says, a plan of rebating taxes to the taxpayers, if a surplus remains in the Treasury of more than $50,000,000 at the close of a fiscal yvear. In the opinion of Mr. Madden such a plan would result in the taxpayers of the country actively urging upon their representatives in Congress the need of curtailing appropriations, so that they could benefit by a return of taxes, instead of urging that appro- priations be made for this or that project. The psvchological effect, he holds, of a promise to give back to| the taxpavers money paid into the Treasury by them, in the event that | Congress keeps expenditures lqw would be helpful in bringing about retrenchment in Government appro- priations and expenditures. No real difference exists between a system that brings about a rebate of | taxes after they are paid and a system | that lessens the amount of taxes orig. inally paid, provided the Government expenditures are identical under both svstems. The people of America have had impressed upon them in the last few years the need, of economy in | Government expendifures to such an | extent that Mr. Madden's plan of a further curtailment business. spend the under other circumstances. the taxpavers doubtless would prefer Many of fellow Americans will recall him here- after chiefly as the advocate of funda- | mentalism in religious observance, as the opponent of modernist thought in biblical interpretation rather than as the champion of bimetalism and n?t other econumic theorie: eedures related the of the people. tite | and to practical e The President’s Son. i President Coolidge, with his char- | acteristic common sense, pleads with the news writers and the photog- raphers to give his son John a chance | 1o do his duty at the military train- | ing camp at Devens, Mas where | the lad goes today, without the em- | barrassment and handicap of disr‘ tinguishment The boy has a hard ! enough time as it is without being picked out everywhere he goes for| separate attention. He has gone to| camp merely us a young American intent upon fitting himself for pos- sible service to his country in case| of need. He is a “man in the ranks.” The role of the President's son a difficult one. However modest and wnassuming a vouth may be in that xituation, he is the object of marked attention, and he is subjected to a severe test. It is natural, of course, for any boy to be proud of such position. He must, of course, be | proud of his father. If he holds his head a little higher than others, it is doubtless because of that feeling and not through any arrogation of self- importance. So far this young man has borne himself with the most com- | mendable quietude and befitting de- meanor of modest devotion to study and to duty. It is to be hoped thai the Presi- dent’s request wiil be observed. Pri- vate John Coolidge at the Devens Camp should be regarded as merely one of the men in line. ————— A parade, however extensive, has never yet succeeded in settling a ques- tion of public importance. al e The “Stop™ Signs. Traffic Director Eldridge’s *Stop” signs have been upheld in the Police Court as imperative on all motorists, despite the shortness of time given to the driving public in announce. ment of the new system. The court holds that the injunction to stop all vehicles before crossing certain desig- nated *boulevard streets” must be obeved. Whether the rule applies to | reducing its national debt | ter | as useful, wholesome lives as they to have their taxes reduced in the first instance than to pay in a greater than is actually needed by the Government in the hope that eventu ally part of their payments will be returned to them. The United States, under ent administration of its sum the pres finances, is It is this national debt. its interest | charges, which lays the chief Lurden of Federal taxaticn on the people of America today. It seems the part of good sense to reduce as rapidly as vossible the debt itself, and that has been the policy of Mr. Mellon, who applied the $250,000,000 surplus exist- ing at the close of the last fiscal to the reduction of the debt. The chairman of the House appro- priations committee is skeptical re sarding possible savings from a reor. zanization of the Government depart ments. The number of employes, he feels, will continue the same, no mat how the various Government agencies are shuffled about. And the emploves have to be paid. In this he differs sharply with Senator Curtis, Republican leader of the enate, who has insisted that the reorganization properly carried out would result in a saving of $200.000,000. Reorganiza- | tion is certainly worth a trial, for enormous duplication and overlapping of work in the Government depart- ments has arisen from the Topsy-like growth of the executive departments and bureaus, | with vear Dayton, Tenn.. has a large amount of publicity on hand which will re- quire expert handling in order to utilize it as & tangible asset. e *‘Back to the Land.” | Germany plans a back-to-the-land | campaign. The belief is that all avail- able land should be farmed as fruit- fully as can be, that there are too many people in cities who do not produce the wealth they are capable of producing and who do not lead might. Measures providing for a program of intensified agriculture will be considered soon in the Reichstag. Intensified agricultural production and the general improvement of soclal referred to lhe' be found de- | | importance that political orators may THE EVENING buy nothing from other people, but ell to the other part of the world all she can. It is the aim of all nations to buy as little as possible from foreigners and sell them as much as possible, but Germany is not likely to make herself independent of the rest of the world in either agriculture or manu- factures. That part of her program is admirable which would make the sofl as fruitful as possible, reduce to the lowest degree the amount of waste and idle land wnd give profitable out- door work to excess population of the cities. This is something of a world problem. Many causes are drawing people from the land to the cities. It ought to be possible for any industrious and sensible family to make a good living on land that will produce crops, and in cities there are generally a large number of people who eke out a live- lihood, getting on tolerably well when jobs are plentiful and suffering hard- ship when jobs are scarce. It is hard- ship on the people out of work and a great hardship on their children, and their idleness is a loss to society. ————— Henry Ford Is sixty-two years old and has extensive plans for the fu- ture. A half-forgotten sage of Ohio, Gov. “Bill” Allen, when questioned as to his age, declared: It does not matter how long a man has lived. The Important consideration is what is left of him.” s —— Chinese are fighting against graft. Soviet Russia assumes an in- fluential attitude; but the ancient theory of the Flowery Kingdom that an occasional uprising is necessary appears to support the principle of self-determination. The - Crime in the U. S. A. is represented as having attained startling propor- tions. Statisties are never compiled to show the number of law-respecting citizens who represent the country’s controlling influence. It will be some time before air- planes are relied on for general trans- portation. In the meantime Mayor Hylan of New York will have a valu- able argument relating to street-car tares. to An irreligious scientist is an excen tion. The most profound seekers of truth have been distinguished by a desp reverence for the beneficent power of an eternal omnipotence. ———— of American will be invested in London subways. When the fear of “isolation” comes up Uncle Sam always finds hope in his plain commercial relationships. ———— Large sums money Many Republicans are hopeful of a reorganization of the Democratic party at least to an extent to permit the impression there is a force to be defeated. that ————— The Arctlc Circle will be exploited by explorers as a musical center of radio distribution. Melody will prove capable of being refrigerated as well as canned. ——— Kings and emperors have delighted to mingle with the common people, | vet the people resent the idea of a | remote evolutionary Why be snobbish? ancestry. X - The omnibus is coming into so much be compelled successor “octopus.” to r the cogn the to railway as the = .- It is evidently Henry Ford's that an old ship may be an asset converted into junk and a liability kept afloat. idea it it ———— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON Standards of Criticism. musical taste we are lacking, So Europe informs us anew. In picture production we're slacking, And poets are painfully few. Our humor's expressed by the comics In patience ground out by the vard, And our studies of world economics We're finding exceedingly hard. n But old Uncle Sam keeps contriving To see that his credit is sure. His workers are planning and striving In hope of a world more secure. Our fashions are fleeting and dapper. Our songs have a lilt that's inane, But we mustn't be judged by the flapper the poet of ragtime refrain. Nor Among Scientists. “Are you in favor of introducing science into politics “There's no reason for such a thing,” answered Senator Sorghum. ‘Politics is elready a science on its own account.” Men and Monkeys. This world is but a fleeting show As was remarked so long ago. The monkey still our coin will crave Which shrewder folk will grab and save, Jud Tunkins says he admires mathematics, but for his part he'd be satisfied if he could get the same an- swer twice when he adds up his grocery bill. Seeking Sagacity. ‘Guess we'll have to run you the Legislature,” sald Si Simlin. “I don't know anything. about makin® laws,” protested Farmer Corn- tossel. “The fact that you're willin' to own fur up to it shows you have more sense than them as has been tryin’ the ex- periment.” An Impression. The press agent fills me with glee, Though his words have an evident blas. ¢ Who knows what may His family tree?— be conditions will be sought. It is said that the ultimate goal is to make Ger- many self-supporting from the stand- point of food production. That is a goal not likely to be reached. 1t is part of a conception that Germany should produce everything she needs, But T think it includes Ananias. |armies while Rumania, “Moses,” said Uncle Eben, “was a great lawgiver, but he didn't have much financial sense. Dar would have been no limit to his riches if he had collected fees from all his cllents.” STAR, WASHINGTON, D: €, THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Those on the outside, “looking in,” sometimes get the strangest ideas, often just the opposite to the truth. Yet they assert them confidently enough. Take to me, articles Le fine for vou. As a matter of fact, such articles are among the very hardest to write, involving, as they do, careful reading, study to see if one has the “right idea,” and the necessity of trying to keep pace with a great mind. 1 assure any reader of This and That that it is far, far easier to write when one s “brimful” of ideas than to take the ideas of another and weave into them enough of one’s own thought to bring them up to date. Certainly, on the surface, it might appear otherwise, whence comes, no doubt the opinion quoted above. But it Is just the other way around. If there ‘was any reader of this column who was wearled at the 13 articles on Marcus Aurelius (and 1 am sure there was more than one), let me assure him that I was a worse suf- ferer than he! It any such felt their mind on a stretch, following the sublime ideas of the old Roman, I assure such that the effort to keep pace with him, to “translate” his ldeas into some rela- tion to modern life, was a tremendous- ly larger strain on me. % Why should we not stretch our minds now and then, anywav” Readers can find plenty of “easy reading” in the world. 1 do not have to go into particulars. But where else, in a daily news- paper, can you get articles on Marcus Aurelius, or Epictetus, if we do say it who perhaps shouldn't? L EIER The unquoted motto of this col umn is a sentence from Epictetus, which runs something like this ‘A man will do more for a city by raising the souls of its Inhabitants than by raising the roofs of its dwell- ings." I have fattered never “writing down” to them, as it is called. No one man can appeal to everbody. If you want more sport news, you turn to the sporting pages; if society items, vou turn to those pages. It you want This and That, vou turn here, and if you look here, you this column. A friend said anent the recent series of on Marcus Aurelius, “It must to let Marcus do your work my readers by get a varlety of subjects, with occa- ! sionally a un” on some one sub ject, such as the series on Aurelius, or the much shorter series on Epic- tetus. 1 write what is interesting to m in the firm belief that if any one writes what he really thinks about anything it will be bound to be in teresting to many others The best compliment this column gets is the frequent one, given with hesitation by sincere souls who do not have the slightest idea they are pleasing me. “I don’t know whether vou will like | man sald to me re “But last night olumn. not this or not,” a cently on the street 1 just looked at your intending to read it, as work to do, and after I had read the first paragraph I found myselt reading the next, and then the next, and the first thing T knew I had fin- tshed it.” “I call that the greatest ment in the world,” 1 replied Which it is. “If I have all these things, and have not love, then am 1 become as compli Doubts If Nations o I had some | tinkling brass and cymbals,” said St. | Paul. If a writer has a pleasant style and imagination, and plenty of experi- ence, and ideas, and has not inter- est, he may as well lay down his pen (or cover up his typewriter, to use the modern equivalent). Of course, style, imagination, ex- perience—these and other factors help toward interest. But they do not make it. Only two things make interest, and one is freshness. Tell us an old thing in a new way and we are pleased. With freshness of viewpoint there will be originality, to some degree at least. * Gk ok * And now, if the readers of this col- umn want to be “let in" on the great- est secret of all writing, let me at- tempt to tell it here; not that T imagine that [ am so good (although I am not o bad!), but simply because truth often comes out of the mouths of babes and sucklings: The writers who interest are those who express their honest opinions. Opinions are what make the world g0 _'round. The only way the writer of This and That (and he says this in all humility) can account for the number of letters of thanks and appreciation which he has received during the past vear is that he believes his readers find him sincere. 1 would rather read. for my part, the opinions of a goose, if they were real goose opinions, than any number of fine sentiments from a wolf ex- pressing goose thoughts. In this matter there is no fooling the reader. Every reader is a regular Sherlock Holmes when it comes to spotting sin- cerity, from which flows interest, I Jvhich’ gives the real flavor to all writ’ ng. You can't even people | tempt tool some of the some of the time, if you at- to write what you do not be- lieve, or write something vou think will please somebody else, but which secretly you despise. The author who sticks his tongue o ren his readers turn their back, as it were, or quietly laughs up his sleeve, may make a “box-office” hit, but so do chewing gum and cross- word puzzles. Money has never been. and never will be, the measure of the best things. That is all Jesus meant with some of his difficult sayings. Look at the books, at the maga- zines, at the papers, and you will see that those who express their honest convictions are always interesting. This comes about through no tran- scendental merit of the authors. but simply because human nature. in its essence, values nothing =o much as sincerity We are not so far out of the jungle stage of existence that we can feel easy in the presence of a dishonest man. And what is writing mental shadow of the man? Ask any writer of books. of | zine or newspaper articies, tell vou, with contrite heart. that where he said honestly what he thought (although he might have been wrong), he was interesting to others, as well as to himself. If one is not interested himself. he :an never interest others; if he is not honest with himself, he can never in- | terest himself, for what he is really interested in is just the opposite, his secret, hidden thought. | Tn this way any reader may judge any writer, and his judgment will be, | not from the “outside, looking in,” but | from the “inside, looking out. indeed, but the ma and he will f Europe Would Join in a New Arms Conference Here BY FRANK H. The renewal from the ) White House of the report that Presi dent Coolidge hopes for a new arma ment conference in the Autumn or at the latest, next Spring, is more easily comprehensible than the optimism also displayed in official quarters as to the KEuropean attitude toward such a meeting. Speaking of impres- sions which I had in Kurope barely | three months ago, my bellef is that no country, with the possible excep- tlon of Great Eritain, would welcome or perhaps even consent to such a renewal of the Washington negotia tions of several vears ago. Even before Briand became foreizn minister the whole of the French for- eign office and many of the Frenc members of Parliament were still bit- terly resentful of the fashion in which they felt ¥France had been treated in the earlier conference and resolved that there should be no repetition. But with Briand, who owed the fall of his last ministry largely to his American failure, now foreign min- ister and not improbably the next premier, French consent is almost unthinkable. Might Appeal to Italy. Ttaly, on her side, might conceiv- ably consent, just because France had refused, but for the single purpose to derive political advantage. Moreover, the Ttalian delegates carried away no enthusiasm for the Washington ex perience. But if Italy came at all. it would be with the Mussolini maxim, “Nothing for nothing,” firmly in mind. And the single solid benefit Italy could seek would be some favor- able adjustment of her debt. Tt is a fact, which can hardly be questioned, that the United States is at this moment more unpopular in Furope than in the memory of any one now alive. This is due, of course, mainly to the debt issue, but also to American policy generally since the Close of the war. The fashion in which European newspapers and com- mentators have emphasized our de- mand for a settlement from Belgium, notwithstanding the allezed promise of Mr. Wilson, is only a characteristic detail. An attempt to call a new American conference would be resented not merely by debtor nations or nations which have had an unpleasant mem- ory of the other Washington con- ference. but it would be particulariy resented by the nations in Europe and in South America which have given their adherence to the League of Nations; They would all regard it as an effort to sidetrack the leszue. The best proof of this was the blunt comment of both Ramsay MacDonald and M. Herriot, the French and Brit- ish prime ministers of last year, when the subject was broached at Geneva. Land Armaments Barred. France and Italy, also, would re- gard the effort to hold such a con- ference, in the face of thelr own well known objections, as no more nor less than an effort to bring them by exercising the coercion incident to the debt question. Of course, such a conference could not by any stretch of fmagination touch upon the subject of land armaments, because, as Gen. Maurice recently pointed out at Wil- Hamstown, the explanation of the present figures of aggregate arma- ment in Europe is due to the armles of the new states, Poland, Czecho- slovakia, Rumania’ and Jugoslavia in_particular. Tn view of the present attitude of Germany with respect of her eastern frontier, neither Poland nor Czecho- slovakia could think of reducing their like Poland, has cause for anxiety on the Russian side, Jugoslavia, too, has dangers both from Bulgaria and from Hun- gary, while even the relations be- tween the Slav state and Greece are far from good and the Greek army is being reorganized and strengthened Summer | by’ the gavernment which just seized power by a bloodless revolution. Should France refuse to come to the conference, which is at least highly probabie, then no discussion of a limi- tation of cruiser strength would be possible. Nor are the French ready, even if they did come, to listen to any proposal that they aecept in cruiser strength the ratio which they were finally persuaded after much de- ha;;u(o take in the matter of battle- iven in Great Britain the Wash. ington conference is far from popular in many quarters influential in the present government. The sion of the Anglo-Japansse alliance is regarded as a blunder by such jour- nals as the Morning Post and the National Review. The fact that the immediate consequence has been the necessity to spend large sums to create a naval base against Japan at Singapore is not overlooked and the steady decline in friendly feelings on the part of the Japanese, who feel they were discarded, provokes fre- quent lament. Couple Tt With Debts. Of course, if President Coolidge were prepared to pay for success in a new conference by generosity in terms of debt settlements, the case would be different. But, naturally, he has neither the intention nor the power to do this. As a consequence, the obvious, if unfair, conclusion conti- nfinm! Europe will make is that the American Government is seeking to compel the debtor nations to sacrifice their safety to our claims and save, in self-defense, to pay American debts. Almost all European countries are anxious to attract American invest. ment and the real feelings toward us are, therefore, not always discover. able on the surface. On the other hand. the people of every European country, with precious few exceptions, feel that our course in recent years has been selfish, that our stand in the matter of the debt has been un- Jjust and that our effort to interfere in the matter of European armaments and to take the discussion of limita- tion out of the hands of the league amounts to disagreeable assumption. Therefore, at the very least, one can say that until the European feel- ing with respect to this country has materially changed, enthusiasm for a new disarmament _conference will haraly be impressive. Nor is it likely the forthcoming debt conferences, which are also viewed with optimism in our official quarters, will contribute to produce the change. (Copyright. 1925.) ———— Balkan Nations Vie In Building Navies Although the Balkan nations, ex- cepting Greece, have comparatively little seaboard, they have recently be- gun to interest themselves in naval matters. Turkey has decided to re- pair the former cruiser Goeben, which played a notable part at the outbreak of the World War, and contemplates the purchase of torpedo-boat destroy- ers and submarines. Rumania, whose naval bases are Constantza and Galatz on the Black Sea, is becoming nervous over the prospect of an increase in the Soviet Russian fleet and is pre- paring to enlarge her naval forces. By the terms of the peace treaty Bul- garia is not allowed any armed war- ships, but marine personnel is being conserved as far as possible. Jugo- slavia’s only outlet to the sea is along the rocky Adriatic coast, but she may augment her navy because of Italian aggression. The Greeks, who are the sallors of the Balkans, are having their navy trained by English officers, They have recently botught some new destroyers. § SATURDAY, AUGUST suppres- | 1, 1925. THE LIBRARY TABLE By the Booklover. There are many reasons why travel at home, by means of & good book de- scribing other people’s travels, is far pleasanter than actual experience. For example, there are many delight- fally written, beautitully illustrated books on Italy which may be read comfortably in a basket chair on a tree-shded, breeze-fanned piazza, far from the hot, dusty, flea-frequented trains of Italy. And when the book is laid aside the reader goes (o his own bed in his ewn room for the night, Instead of struggling in the crowds of holy year for hotel accom- modation in Rome or Naples. For the traveler who thus elects to visit Italy this Summer from his own piazza or under his own electric fan there are many interesting books. Two books, one large and one small, take him ( along the Riviera, from Nice to Genoa. “The Riviera of the Corniche Road,” by Sir Frederick Treves, il- lustrated by the author’s own photo- graphs, combines description of travel with bits of history and legend connected with this strip of sea- coast famous as one of the world's best playgrounds. One chapter de- scribes the drive along the Grande Corniche road, following the cliffs trom Nice into Italy. This road was built by Napoleon I in 1806, “‘with murderous intent,” as “a road of de- struction designed to convey blood- shed and desolation into Italy and be- yond,” but it is now used by travelers who 'wish to see “one of the most beautiful roads in Europe.” Two chap- ters on Monte Carlo contrast the wicked gambling hell pictured by the novelist, “the seat of an intensive culture 'in iniquity,” with the real Monte Carlo, a beautiful “‘town of the south,” tingling “with life, with ex- citement, with restlessness, with the playfulness of everything. It is a butterfly town, for it lives only for a tew gay months.” The history of the little principality of Monaco is traced at some length, from 1215, when the fortress on the rock was built. The second book on the Riviera is smaller and more informal—“Things Seen on the Riviera,” by Capt. Leslie Richard son. It makes one understand why %0 many people are content to dream away their Winters amidst the palms and flowers at some sunny spot the Mediterranean o e | Leaving the Riviera succession of interestinz cities in North Ttaly. each rich in art and his- tory. 1In “Cities of Northern Italy,” Grant Allen and George C. Willlam- son describe the Gothic and Renais- sance architecture and painting to_be found in Milan, Verona, Padua, Bo- logna and Ravenna. Milan is famous for its unique Gothic duomo, ' the “Last Supper” by Leonardo da Vinci and the Ambrosiana library of rare books and manuscripts; Verona for i castle and many churches; Padua for the paintings of Giotto in the Arena Chapel; Bologna for its churches and leaning towers; and Ravenna for its mosaics und Romanesque architec- ture. Florence. San Gimignano, Pisa, Lucca, Prato, Arezzo. Brescia, Vicen- 7a, Mantua. Pavia, Venice. Piacenza, Parma, Modena, Ferrara, Rimini and various other cities, some larze, some small, are described in “Little Cities of Italy,” by Andre Maurel. Egerton R. Willlams says in his “Hill Towns of Italy” ‘Central Ttaly is the most interesting country in the world.” He continues: “Here is beauty also. the purest and the original beauty of the art of the Renaissance, in the lines of countless palaces, in the glowing colors of the canvases of the early masters. And here is natural beautv. in the lovely plains which the moun- tains hold within their grasp—the wondrous golden plain of Umbria, the tertile table land of Etruria, the lux. uriant Valle di Chiana. the pastoral valley of the upper Tiber und the Arno.” Starting northward from Rome, the author takes us on 2 jour- ney through the hill towns: to Siena, founded according to tradition by the son of Remus, and in the Middle Ages the center of one of the chief schools of painting; to Perugiz, on its moun tain top, & city of Roman walls and arches and old palaces, looking down on the source of the Tiber and the olive and vinevard covered Umbrian plain: to Assisi. on the slope of Mount Subasio, the home of St. Francis, | where his little hut still stands, but inclosed in the magnificent pilgrimage church of Santa Maria degli Angeli: to Urbino, birthplace of Raphael: to Spoleto, where Fra Filippo worked |and died: to Arezzo, Sansepolcro, Gubbio, Fabriano and many others of | these hill towns famous for art znd | natural scenery * % e % “Rome.” by M. A. R. Tuker and Hope Malleson, and illustrated in col- or by Alberto Pisa, is the reading equivalent of at least & month in Rome. One of the most interesting chapters is that describing the ma- larial, but beautiful Roman Campag. na, with its aqueducts, towers and mausolea, including the catacombs and the more healthful hill towns sur- rounding it. Another chapter, entitled | “The Roman Menage.” tells of Ro-| man methods of everyday life In pal-| ace, villa or apartment. The authors | do not recommend Roman housekeep- ing to lovers of comfort. The absence of any method of heating in Winter, of bathrooms and of comfortable chairs and sofas is only partially com- pensated for by the good cooking. “Roman Princely Families,” and “Ro- man Religion” are two other chap- ters different from the more usual descriptive ones. A trip around Naples and its vicinity may be pleasantly made with Arthur H. Norway's “Naples; Past and Present,” and W. M. Mackenzie's “Pompeii,” illustrated in color by Alberto Pisa. Both are in formal and free from guide book dry- ness and archeological detail. >k we come 1o a| | further damage from ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERI Q. Are the railroads of the country in general effecting any economies in operation?—P. A. R. A. Last year the operating expenses of the railroads were 7.9 per cent lower than in 1923, while the traffic, measured in ton miles, was 6.8 per cent less, and freight and passenger rates remained practically the same. The Department of Commerce Year- book savs that economy and efficiene: marked the operation of the railroads in 1924. Q. Does smoking cigarettes or cigars have an effect upon one’s taste?—S. C. S. A. Authorities in the tobacco in- vestigation division of the Bureau of Plant Industry sav that smoking does not dull taste. Q. How do animals and people rank with regard to the resistance to tuberculosis?—. S. M. A. Al animals have a certain de- gree of resistance 1o the attack of the germ of T. B.; in some this power is low and others very high. The guinea pig, for example, has almost no re- sistance to this disease, while the goat has so high a resistance that it is very hard to infect it at all. Among human beings the Indian and negro usually show a very low resisting power and when infected are apt to have the rapid and dangerous form of the trouble. The average whiie man on the contrary has considerable resisting power seals called?—B. A. R A. The breeding females are known as cows, the older males as bulls, the young of the season as pups and the immature males are called bachelors. Q. Why is the culture of currants and gooseberries prohibited in_some parts of the United States?—W. P. A. White pine blister rust which grows on the leaves of currant or gooseberry bushes is a disease de- structive of white pines. The disease was brought into the United States during the years 1898 to 13910 on white pines planting stock imported from Europe. The pines in an in fected area can be protected from the rust only currant and goose- the area. by removing all berry bushes from Q. much money do building furnish for How and loan associations building houses?—H. M. M. A. Such institutions devote their resources very largely to loaning to home owners. Their combined assets, according to the last official figures available, were $3,942,940,000 Q. When were used?—W. W. & A. The shoe peg was invented by Joseph Walker, of Hopkinton, Mass., in 1818. Nothing but sewed work had previously been done. m‘:s;ion “New World” in America first used’—F. V. C. A. The equivalent of this name in Latin was first used to describe the discoveries of Columbus in a letter of Peter Martyr dated November 1 1493. Q. How tall is the church in Chicago?—V. R. A. The Chicago Temple is 21 stories shoe pegs first When and by whom was the ex- reference 1o y-scraper 69 feet to the top of the cross. The main building is 260 feet. Q. Can fiber flax be grown country?—G. F. A. % A. There are extensive areas suit- able for flax production. Good fiber flax has been produced in Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, Washington and Oregon. Importations of flax fiber in recent vears range from $1,500,000 to $6.000,000 annually. Q. How many prints are made of motion_pictures?—E. L. 3 ‘A. The number varies. For “Peter Pan” 165 prints were made in order that the picture could be shown s multaneously in a great many places. Usually about half that number of prints are made. Q. How many women have hecome certified accountants?—B. M. W. A. In 1924 of the 7,043 certified pub- lic accountants in the United States 18 were women. Q. in this Who is known as the Father of the American Navy L. B. A. John Paul Jones was the first naval officer to be awarded a gold medal for valiancy by Congress. Capt. John Barry was the first doned officer of the United States fleet. There is no one to whom the title “Father of the American Navy” Pinchot’s Giant Pc¢ Gifford Pinchot's effort to arouse the country in favor of a glant Fed- eral water-power project to curb pri- vate monopoly of electricity, belittled by some observers as a phase of the Pennsylvania sovernor's political “fireworks,” is given hearty approval by others, who see as he does a threat of monopolistic “‘industrial, commercial, financial and political control of the Nation.” The Wichita Beacon, published by former Gov. Henry J. Allen of Kan- sas, declares Mr. Pinchot has per- formed a valuable service to the pub- lic. “The utilization of power on a large scale by great central organiza- The brief acquaintance of Washing- ton Irving with Mary Shelley, widow of the poet Shelley, is related by George S. Hellman in his new bio raphy, “Washington Irving, Esquire. The two met in 1824, when Irving was 40 and Mary Shelley, widowed two years before, was 28. They were introduced by John Howard Payne, who was himself in love with Mary, but without success. Payne seems to have been generous enough to wish that his friend Irving might succeed where he himself had failed. He wrote to Irving that Mary Shelley was eager to meet him. She had told Payne that Irving had interested her more than any one she had ever seen since she had left Italy, and that sh “longed for friendship with him. Mary _Shelley’s romantic disposition may have made her exaggerate. The meeting took place, but Payne's ex- pectation of a warmer interest than friendship between the two was dis- appointed, Trving had not yet recover- from his love affair with Emily Foster in Dresden and was indifferent to all other women. rrx =z * @Some of the best of twentieth cen tury essays are Included in the smal volume, “‘Selected Modern English Es- says,” in the world's classic series. Nearly all of the 33 writers repre. sented are alive and writing today. Only a few pages are given to each writer, but these are enough to fur- nish a sample of his work. Alice Mey- nell is the only woman honored with a place in the book and this seems hardly fair to the many other Eng. sh women, such as May Sinclair, Rebecca West and Katherine Mans- fleld, who have done excellent essay writing. Among the men represented some are well known as writers of the first rank, as Joseph Conrad, John Galsworthy, Max Beerbohm, Somerset Maugham, Edmund Gosse, George Saintsbury and G. K. Chesterton. Others belong to the journalistic class, as G. S. Street, Henry Nevinson, Rob- ert Lynde, Gilbert Norwood and J. Middleton Murry, tions is surely coming,” says the Bea- con. “That some sort of State regula- tion of a monopoly is necessary in such a_ project hardly needs to be argued.” The importance of protec- tion is upheld also by the Portland Oregon Journal, with the statement: ‘An_electric monopoly in powerful hands would be tyranny. In public control, even if privately operated, it will be an incalculable blessing to the race. Organization to protect public interest in power development is im- perative.” The Journal adds that there are “‘thousands upon thousands who look upon Gov. Pinchot as the most useful man in the Republican party, and who look to him for leader- ship in saving what is left of the water powers from utter and complete monopoly.” L e The Government might well study the power situation,” the Buffalo News declares, “to determine whether a_ gigantic monopoly is developing. If affairs are as Gov. Pinchot repre- sents them tp be. then it will.be nec- essary for the Government to provide proper safeguards.” The News' juds- ment is that “the thing to do is to establish and hold State lines on elec- trical power; that is, with respect to control over developments and serv- fce.” Pinchot's record “of service to the people, of keen foresight and sound judgment, of thorough earnestness, entitle him to more than a hearing now,” observes the Spokane Chronicle. and the Wheeling Intelligencer adds that “the giant power idea adequately protecting the public interest is worthy of all support.”” The Sioux City Tribune also believes “it 8 im- portant that the public equities be protected as to water power which is available to all parts of the country.” o Many papers call attention to poli- tical aspects of the agitation. “Gov. Pinchot,” says the Rockford Star, ‘who is given to running campaigns in his own way, looms above the horizon as the stellar independent, and not only ha¥-ideas but is an able Q. What are the various ciasses of | and 400 feet to the top of the tower:| commis- | C ], HASKIN. has been officially accredited, however, these two men are considered by pop ular opinion as the only two who could vie for the title. Q. What was the Spanish name for Los Angeles”—G. S. A. Los Angeles is the abbreviated form of the Spanish name of the cfty which is Puebla de Nuestra Senora | Reina de los Angeles—City of Our i Lady, Queen of the Angels What does Kolynos mean” 'his is a word. contracted fe suphony’s sake, from the Greek kolur meaning to prevent, and nosos, di ease. Q. Why is an called lord?>—M. B. A. The prefix “lord” is used ax less formal alternative to the full tir in England, whether right courtesy, of margnises, earls or counts, and always in the barons. The vounger sons of and marquises have the title prefixed to their Christian and names Q. TIs there arithmic table?—P. P. C A. The Naval Observatory sa there is an eleven-place logarithmic table by Borda and Delambre, pub lished at Paris, 1800. This work muy be consulted in the great public libraries. | Q What is the main college education?—M. M A. Opinions differ, but question was put to a mumber prominent men by the President | the University of Pennsylvania, the majority spoke more highly of the lasting benefits of contacts with their fellow-students, with their professors with college life, than they did of the acquisition of knowledge in thei courses Q. Who first spoke of the | tude as the great unwashed”—E. L | _A. This expression was used Sir Walter Scott and fs attribnted Edmund Burke Q. Was Patrick Henry N.D. E A. The scheme of dictatorship in Virgi was broached and without his knowledge or consent Patrick Henry was spoken of for the pos In the midst of the agitation, Ar bald Cary met Henry's half-brother and delivered his famous threat “Sir, 1 am t that vour brother wishes to be dictator. Tell him from me that the day of his appointmen shall be the dav of his death, for shall find my dagger in his heart he fore the sunset of that da The project was speedily abandoned earl or haron case o “lord an elevenplace benefi of a when this it ever proposed dictator of Virginia | Q. Is It true that growing certaln | vlants and trees in a yard will keep mosquitoes away?—R. P. | A. It was formerly believed that several species of eucalyptus, the castor-oil plant, the Chinaberry tree and others would do this. However observations made by scientific men in different parts of the world nega tive their value Q. Why was so-called?—E, A. Maine was called * | or Countie of Mayne | Branted by it was mayne Q. Will you please seating capacity of theaters in Washin, A. Auditorium, 6 ter, 2,250; Tivoll Theater, Theater, 1,981; Keith's 1,938; National Theater, Belasco Theater, 1,472 Q. Why is the H | called?—I. M. B. | A. The name “Horseshoe Trail | was so chosen as synonymous with the famous Horseshoe Curve of Kit tanning Point, which is one of the most_striking beauties of the Easi. Maine the Province in the charter harles I in 1639, bec regarded as a part of lande of New England tell me the the largest 7—W. H. K Earle Thea 2,200; Poli's Theater 1,747, and eshoe Trail (The Washington Information Iiv reau,in hondling the personal requests for_information from readers of this and other representative papers throughout the country, receides and answers more mail than any concery in Washington except the Government itself. This statement proves hor popular this department of The Sta is and what o useful purpose it serving. If you have not tested possibilities you arc missing a worii while convenience and educational service. The bureau is free to ail. Send in your question with 2 cents in stamps to cover the return postane Address The Star Information Bureou | Frederic J. Haskin, director. Twenin first and C streets morthwest, Wasi | ington, D. ) wer Plan Approved and Condemned big plan for one of the af exponent of | “ziant power’ will be tractions of his candi cy. He will create interest in his biz program of making power take the place of M Coolidge’s economy in administration He will be able to attract the Wes: particularly the farmers and smaller communities, where electric lighis have not penetrated s they have citles. Pinchot is the outstanding conservationist.” “His warning would be taken more seriously,’ remarks the Worcester Telegram, “if he were not suspected of being an enthusiastic worker f the political advancement of Gifford Pinchot.” The Anniston Star empha sizes a statement by the Gadsden Times that “Pinchot should be sup. pressed.” and that “he and his kind would ‘conserve’ our water powers and ‘maintain them as assets to the Nation,’ thus preventing their develop. ment for hydroelectric purposes in the South.” them. His * % o “Fifteen vears ago.” savs the Los Angeles Times, in something of the same vein, “power conservation was used as a political issue by the so called Progressive Pinchot talked the loudest and made the most ex travagant charges against those who were harnessing the water power then golng to waste, and delivering it in the form of hydroelectric energy 1« agriculture and industry. His con servation plans meant keeping the coal and oil in the earth and leaving the mountain streams unharnessed The use that has been made of these products has convinced the West that the Pinchot plan was wrong. but Pinchot does not seem to have found it out.” “The, Pinchot interest in conserva tion is/ granted, but just now he more interested in the political map than anything else,” asserts the Phil adelphia Public Ledger, and the Reno Gazette suggests that “the trouble about Mr. Pinchot is that he is un Justly suspicious of everybody else. Referring to the possibility that Gov. Pinchot will run for the Senate the New Orleans Item observes: “‘Just as regularity extends its loving arms to gather wandering Wisconsin and the Northwest back to its sorrowing bosom, somebody lights fireworks in conservative Pennsylvania,” reference being made to the possibility that Pinchot will seek a Senate seat. The Muskegon Chronicle suggesis that every move Pinchot has made in the last 20 years “‘has indicated that he has a perfectly legitimate ambition some time to occupy the White House,” and adds, “if he conceives that the ‘superpower’ issue is to be the vehicle, that does not mean, as it might to some public men, that he is any the less sincere about #.%