Evening Star Newspaper, April 28, 1925, Page 6

HE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. TUESDAY........April 28, 1025 'THEODORE W. NOYES. . ..Editor 'The Evening Star Newspaper Company Bustness Office: 11th St. and Pennaylvania Ave. New York Office: 110 East 42nd St. Chicago Office: Tower Building. Dean Office: 18 Regent St.. London, England The E: Ing editio the o ing Star. with the Sunday morn- ia delivered by carriers within at' 60 cents per month: daily only, 45 cents per month: Sunday_onl per month. Orders ma telephone Main 5000. Collection is made by carTier at the end of each month. 0 cents Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virgini Dally and Sunday....1sr. $8.40: 1 mo aily only ... 1yr 1 mo.. 50¢ funday only .. 13T i1mo., Al Other States. Paily and y Daiiy gy ra? Sunday only 1yr. 1 mo 1mo.. 1 mo. Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Prass is to the use for republicat atches credited to it or ted in this paper and also the local news red herein. Al righte of publication ©f special dispatches herein are also £ clusively entitled More South American Hints. Argentina and Brazil not only set an example to the United States in capi- tal building and in adequate and un: grudging capital maintenance, but also in dispensing political as well as Anancial equity These republics have taken from their capitals only that degree of con- trol which is absolutely to protect the national interest; here the Nation reserves to itself exclusive and despotic control. The South American eapitals are in important respects self- governing, with a dis t essential municipal government and full representation in | national government. With us the Na- tion is in absolute control of the Cap- ital in every particular, with exclusi legislative, executive and power, and the Capital is governing in any and not in the smallest degree repre- sented in the National Government. Here the municipality does not even tax itself in forms that it prefers, and does not expend its tax money for the purposes which please it. The Nation decides how much money shall be exacted in taxes, and in what manner it shall be raised and expended. If the republics of Argentina and Brazil can spend millions on their cap- ftals and retain ample national con trol of these cities of the nation with- out either oppressing the local com- munities with excessive taxation or humiliating them by denunciation as mendicants or robbing them of their rights of representation in the nation- al government, may we mnot expect that the greater and wealthier and vrouder republic of the United States of America will in the end be as equitably considerate both of Wash- ington the Capital and of the nearly balf million defective and defenseless Americans who now live in it? IL is sometimes suggested that this Nation is impotent to cure the evil and shame of non-representative gov- ernment at the Capital of the great representative republic; and that the condition is unchangeable. This suggestion is an insult to American character and capacity. No other capital of any other nation is degraded below other cities in na- tional representation. No excuse is found in the fact that our Capital is in a’nation-controlled district. As we have seen, Argentina and Brazil have copled this feature of our Constitu- ton. As nations they control, like the United States, federal districts in which thelr capitals are located, but they have not found themselves im- votent to give full sentation sapitals. Ts Washington in some way defec- tive or tainted and unfit to stand on the same representative footing as Buenos Aires and Rio? Is the Amer- ican republic less devoted to the prin- ciples of representative government | and less capable of enforcing them than Argentina or Brazil? Who will confess permanent na- tional impotency to free residents of the seat of government from the class of defective and delinquent Ameri- cans? Or to rid the Nation itself of & canker at the heart of the body- politic, collecting alien matter and threatening blood poisoning? This thought is elaborated in edi- torial correspondence printed else- where in today's Star. 4 Judicial not self. respect whatever, national repre- to the residents of these be sent by mail or | _ | Robert of all news dis- | ot otherwise cred- | | of rehabilitation | administrator. [excention ot one gentieman now en- gaged in light fancy work in Leav- |enworth Penitentiary, admits Peary's feat; this notwithstanding Bernier's solemn emphasis of the fact that the |Royal Geographic Society awarded @ medal to Peary “for his work in the Arctic” and not specifically “for the discovery of the Pole.” Peary’s fame is enshrined on the pinnacle of - everlasting fame. He reached the top of the world in 1909. Now, in 1825, the Canadian crashes through with the stirring statement that it is exceedingly probable that |it did not happen, after all. | A search of “Who's Who in Can- ada” fails to disclose the name and achievements of this veteran Arctic explorer who tells the world that 3. Peary could not verify his | claim to discovery of the Pole. On fivst impulse the thought occurs that some one is always taking the joy jaut of life. Viewed from another angle, however, the distinguished cap- tain may be credited with putting some in. 1 ——,—————————— Von Hindenburg’s Policy. Von Hindenburg’s first statement after his election as President of Ger- many not calculated to reassure those who fear that his choice is the vesult of a militaristic-monarchical re- vival in that country. He says: 1 now offer my hand to all Germans, including my erstwhile opponents. The serious work is only now begin- ning. Let none imagine that I shall accept dictation from any particular party. There spoke the war lord, the com mander-in-chief of the army, the field marshal and head of the military ma- chine. He offers his hand to all Ger- mans, including his erstwhile op- ponents, but as one who will accept no dictation, who will do his own dic- tating, and who is about to begin ‘“‘the ous work.” Just what that “serious work” may be remains for development. There is | nothing in Von Hindenburg’s pest to suggest that it will be along the lines under the terms of the Versailles treaty. There is noth- ing in the circumstances of his election to hint at acceptance of the adjust- | ments that have been effected under that treaty. It is reported from Doorn that the news of Von Hindenburg's election was received with great rejoicing at the chateau where now resides tho former Emperor. Naturally this hap- pening would be welcomed there, for undoubtedly hope prevails at Doorn that the German people, tiring of a Republican form of government, will turn back to the monarchy. Von Hindenburg's declaration that he will be independent of parties can have but one significance, that he will not permit a majority in the Reichstag to dictate his course. Di: solution of the Chamber, therefore, is an early probability. A general elec- tion may consequently soon occur. In that event the issue of the form of government may be placed squarely before the people. In France the reaction to Von Hin- denburg’s election is one of apprehen- sion. The press at Paris sees hostility, defiance, militarism and dangers for France in his choice. The mask ‘has been torn off, says the Temps. L'In- transigent says that Von Hindenburg's declarations show that Germany will pay the Dawes annuities only until she is strong enough to tell the allics “that’s enough’; then she will demand colonies, an army end navy, revision of the eastern frontier and possession of Upper Silesian mines and factories. Von Hindenburg may be perfectly well intentioned. He may be bent upon a course of reconstructive states- manship without repudiation. But cer- tainly his language does not tend to establish confidence in such a purpose. When he talks of unity he suggests unity of reaction from the existing conditions. When he talks of inde- pendence of dictation he speaks as the warrior chieftain, who gives and does not take orders. He has never had any experience as a statesman or as a civil He has always been a militarist, and he gives no indication now of changing his role. ————— Occasionally European affairs de- velop so much intense interest that the public is tempted to forget to care whether Walter Johnson wins a game or not. r—————— If there is no such thing as luck it is impossible to account for the way in which events work out to make the ! world safe for Grover Bergdoll. ) Bus lines are becoming so numerous that they may eventually develop enough influence to bring some of the old railway trackage under considera- tion as an obstruction the hig ways. to ] At an advanced age, and after ex- ceedingiy severe experienc Hinden- burg may find that the greatest ordeals of his life are only beginning. ———— Bernier Doubts Peary’s Discovery. Capt. Joseph E. Bernier, described as a ‘“‘veteran Arctic explorer,” is credited with having declared re- cently at Quebec his readiness to produce proofs that climatic condi- tions at the time of Peary's polar dash were such as to make it highly improbable that the distinguished United States naval officer could tell whether he had reached the North Pole or not. The Canadian explorer reiterated previous statements that he had no desire to start controversy and that “it was not his wish to discredit the memory of Admiral Peary.” He is said to have stated that in his opinfon Roald Amundsen is the only man now living who has even had oapportunity reaching the Pole, although just what this has to Go with Peary is not easily understood. Just what is Capt. Bernier doing when he broadcasts his contention that Peary could not and did not reach the Pole, and, at the same ime, says he does not want to “start inything” or even discredit the mem- ory of the most famous explorer of recent years? The two statements do not jibe; they do not mix any more smoothly than oil and water. The “wirele world, with' the barely possible a e Unwise and Unfair. Au attempt to array farmers, par- ticularly in the wheat-growing States of the Northwest, against William M. { Jardine, new Secretary of Agriculture, even before’ he has completed two months of service, is not only unfair. but is the part of little wisdom. It the agricultural interests, the farm. ers, are to improve their condition, co- operation of the farmers themselves and the Federal and State agencies created to foster aspiculture is vitally necessary. Yet an editorial attack on Secretary Jardine has appeared in the North Dakota Farmer and has been reprint- ed in a number of other farm papers in the West. After eulogizing the late Secretary Henry C. Wallace of the Department of Agriculture the editorial says that his place has been filled by a man who in the past open- 1y opposed some of the principles that Wallace and his force championed. It further pictures Secretary Jardine as a “rubber stamp” for another depart- ment—presumably the Department of Commerce, with Secretary Hoover at its head, although the editorial does not name the department. The sum and forefront of Secretary Jardine’s offending was in his opposi- tion to the so-called McNary-Haugen bill when that measure was presented to the Congress as a panacea for agri- culture’s ills. The measure was paternalistic in the extreme, it was de- clared to be economically unsound by students of economy, and it did not meet the approval of the administra- tion, although Secretary Wallace did give it his approval. Because Secretary Jardine, who was then head of the State Agricultural College of Kansas, attacked the prin- ciples: involved i this nieasuré ds N THE EVENING BTAR, WASHINGTON, T. O. TUESDAY, APRIC 28, 1925 THIS AND THAT unsound, and because he insisted that the American farmer is capable of advancing his own interests with proper co-operation, he was vigorously attacked, and apparently the attack is now continued. Senator Capper of Kansas, head of the farm bloc in the Senate, publisher of many farm papers, in a letter to the editor of the North Dakota Farmer replying to the attack on Secretary Jardine, strikes the right note when he urges that the Secretary be given opportunity by the farmers of the country to develop his policies before he is condemned. In the opinion of Senator Capper, Dr. Jardine will never be condemned by the farmers. The Kansas Senator ridicules the idea that Dr. Jardine will be a “rubber stamp.” e said: *Jardine will do his own thinking. As long as he is Secretary of Agricul- ture he will run that department, and the policies put into operation will be Jardine's policies.” Before Secretary Jardine came to Washington he demonstrated his ability as an executive, bringing the Kansas State Agricultural College to a high state of efficiency, for which Senator Capper gives him credit in his letter. Secretary Jardine was and is a member of the President’s Agricultural Conference, brought together to study the farm problem and to make recom | mendations for its solution. The ad- ministration’s program of farm legis- lation was scarcely launched at the last session of Congress, due to the Jam of legislation in a short session. But the administration may be ex- pected to push vigorously its pro- sion of Congress. Secretary Jardine must necessarily have an important hand in framing this program and in seeking its enactment into law. The farmers of the country, it is to be hoped, and expected. will in large numbers rally behind him in his ef- forts to help agriculture, which are sincere. . The Japanese will hold fleet ma- neuvers to demonstrate their facilities for resisting attack. In conducting these exercises there is, of course, no obligation to indicate the suspected source from which the imaginary at- tack may theoretically arise. —— et Tilinois has experienced a slight earthquake. These eartn tremors in- dicate no special danger: only a great improvement in scientific methods of detecting the disturbances constantly taking place. ——— Chicago announces the destruction of a thousand cases of pre-war whisky. The mystery of the situation lies in fact that the pernicious fluid man- aged to survive so long. ) A definite end has been put to the old contention that the Hohenzollerns did not represent the real sentiments of the German people. EEEE—— In many cases economy relates to the study of things that other persons | may manage to do without. Germany is only beginning to real- ize the esteem in which Ebert was really held. ——— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOBNSON. Heil! Hindenburg! There's a sentiment Teutonic; it islove more than Platonic; it has got- ten to be chronic Here and there, In the mighty population of a lately conquered nation that aroused an agitation Hard to bear. There were speeches socialistic; some were even anarchistic, with sug- gestions of the mystic In the game. Hindenburg is chief adviser and the chorus still the wiser, sings “We love our little Kaiser Just the same:” Who shall seek to be deriding an af- fection so abiding, though it seems to be providing Trouble new? & There's an element of beauty in the constant sense of duty which says, “Bill. vyou're still our Cutie; We are true | To the ancient superstition which | awards the first position to & ! monarchistic mission Going strong! Whether luck is warm or chilly, whether tragical or silly, we are with our little Willie Right or wrong! Abundance. “Are you going to start any more investigations?” “No need to do 80,” answered Sena- tor Sorghum. *“We have enough al- ready started to fill in every minute of available time.” Contradicting Custom. The bathing suit that Grandma wore ‘Was eminently proper. If it is sighted on the shore We'll surely call a copper, And say that one who would appear In s0 grotesque a make-up Must be a person very queer ‘Whom the police shoyld take up. Jud Tunkins says what some folks call the discovery of the North Pole looks to him merely like a prolonged investigation. Nothing Said. “What do your parents say when you stay out after midnight?” *Nothing,” answered Miss Cayenne. “They never get home till 2 a.m.” Political Cannery. A man may bé “canned” by authority strong But strange is Fate's plan, For some one is certain to happen along To open the can. “‘A crap shooter,” said Uncle Eben, “‘hollers at de dice, an’ don’ show no mo’ real influence dan one o' dem old- fashiohed 'pTlitical ératord, * i gram for the farmers at the next ses- | BY CHARLES E. We were quite astounded at the District dog pound. We always imagined it was a dirty, mangy place, but found it to be clean and well kept, with the dogs placed in _freshly washed pens. Being dog lovers, my companion and I, we were Immensely pleased to find it so. Even stray dogs, dogs! doomed to death because of having bitten human beings, friendless, lone- some dogs deserve a decent pound. They seem to have it. If the so- called friends of man make an espe- clal appeal to vou. you will be glad to know from first-hand testimony of {another friend of the dog that these four-legged companions do not seem to be Il treated at their last abiding place in this city. The pound building is situated down amid the railroad tracks in South- west Washington. It is a low, red brick building. with its two ends higher than the main portion At the gate one is likely to find an armchair tilted back in friendly fash- fon. Evidently it is impossible to deal with dogs without being human. A chair tilted back beside green bushes always malkes an appeal. A few steps inside the building brings the visitor to the room where the dogs picked up by the pound wagon are kept until either claimed by owners or consigned to the death. The da I was there a dozen or more shabby dogs were gzathered in one of the larger cages, while isolated offenders against the law were in sep arated confines. These latter were dogs that had bit- ten some child, in most instances, and were being held for “observation’ as to whether they had rabies. In the large pen. or cage—it is more that—the dozen dogs kept| strungely quiet. Most of them were lttle fellows, of a dirty white color. They lay huddled fogether, only one or two having enough energy to | roam around a bit, snufMing over the others, Perhaps they had an inner inkling of the fate that was in store for them. Maybe it was the darkuess, for no sunshine could get into their pen. Personally, T could but wisn tha the last hours of such stray, unlovely dogs could be passed with rays of the sun beating upon them They, too, despite their dirt, their gaunt’ ribs, are “little creatures of God,” possessing with us the mystery of the spark of life, that strange, elusive thing, so persistent, so fragi so intent on being, yet so easil snuffed out. Here a dozen friends of men were penned, making their last quiet, af- frightened stand for life. Hushed were the barks of happier days. Gone was the activity of gun shiny hours, when tails wagged fran- tically and big puppy paws ran through the dust. So much life, so much love for us— it was huddled together here, | close, as if for protection agair strange laws of the master, Man, thoge unknown laws which o doi | makes, or knows, and therefore: can- not break. “Thou shalt not bite” says the police regulations—but the dogs can- not read. An ill-tempered child dog's tail, or hits it over the head {with a stick. The dog finally bites. Away with him to the pound: Th creature is mad! He is suffering with rabies and he must be put ou: of the way But what was the child sufferir with? Why, an inherited mean streak, a residue of that inhuman'ty pulls the BY PAUL V. Tt is no wonder that the Pilgrims and Puritans, who came to North America three centuries ago, nearly starved. In those old days the coun try produced only corn, beans and squashes, together with a few berries —strawberries, elderberries. blackber- ries and wild grapes. The native Americans were forced to be nomads, dependent upon the chase, and it took hundreds of acres to support a man, Ever since that first starvation Win- ter we of Nerth America have been industriously endeavoring to make two crops to grow where none grew before. North America is doing bet ter now than it did in the days of Miles Standish, and there is now a diversified market, supplying us with fruits and vegetables unknown to our Mayflower ancestors. There is that rare vegetable —the potato—which when one succeeds in acquiring the taste of it, with or without salt, is found to be quite appetizing. but it was first imported from Peru, for many years, before North Americans learned that it would grow north of the Equator. . Dr. Nathaniel L. Britton. director- in-chief of the New York Botanical Garden, has recently returned from an exploration of Porto Rico, where he has spent months in seeking new fruits and trees for importation, but he returns without having found the “rare Eupatorium’ for which he made special search. Just what is a *‘rare Eupatorium” is not explained. but if it is something new to eat, let it be found, for it might even outrank the potato. It was thus that we procured apples, peaches, pears, wheat, cotton, alfalfa, soy beans, Japanese rices and Sudan grass. Not all came from Peru, but one of the most progressive scies tists of our Department of Agricul- ture is authority for the statement {that the Peruvians under the reign of the Incas, prior to the “civilization' which Pizarro brought them, were bet- ter farmers than are the experts of the United States. At least they pro- duced greater crops than do American farmers today. If we would thrive agriculturally, he says, let us learn the secret of the Inca farmers, even though we abolish the Department of Agriculture as “wasteful and ridicu- lous excess.” * % k % Of course, it is understood that the Peruvian aborigines knew nothing of “gcjentific farming,” and had no mod- ern farm implements, nor even draft animals, but their success in produc- ing greater crops per acre than have ever been produced by modern methods is all the more significant because it demonstrates the possibili- ties of persistent laborious cultivation and natural selection of varieties and of individual plant: So the prophet of . evil who predicts the future of overpopulation of the world and re- sultant starvation, has no basis for his pessimism, since when men be- comd cheap, more human labor upon the soll, as given in Peru and for thousands of years in densely peo- pled Netherlands, China and India, will produce proportionate harvest. The entire population of the world could be fed by a quarter of the acre- age of the United States, provided we had Inca farmers in the flelds. But civilization would be hungry today it it were restricted to the products of the soil which were not imported and introduced by the scouts of scien- tific agriculture, and we crave mostly the things which our “acquired tastes” have enabled us to tolerate. * F xx That idea opéns a vast field of ex- pansion in food products. Chemists demonstrate that when a vessel is filled with one gas so that not another ’;une;‘ of that m‘m eou:a be put into it, there room to . pour into that “filled” vessel other | his cage. TRACEWELL. which the gentle Jesus has not been able to stop yet. T “Hello, boys!"” At the sound of a human voice, the pen of dogs stirred. Its component parts broke into individual dogs, and | there was a rush of muzzles to the wire. A small fox terrier with bright eyes managed to push his nose partly through the meshes. He was glad to feel the touch of a human hand. Cen- turfes of life behind him made him slad His offense against society seemed to be that he had no Master. Ah, folks, it is a sorry fate, to have no Master. Even two-legged animals have to have some kind of Master in this world, or they will be put into some sort of a pound, in the end. In vonder small pen sits a dog, watchful. waiting, a dog that does not stir at the sound of our voices. “Don't touch him—he isn't wagging his tail.” So we do not venture too close to Above his head is a printed form, setting forth that the com- plainant is one Maggie Smith. This seems to be a genuine case of bad dog, for some dogs do turn bad, there is no doubt of that. While we believe that mean children are re- sponsible for the majority of cases labeled “bitten by dog,” undoubtedly there are instances where the canines | are the offenders The dogs in the big pen have settled down again. They are apathetic. They nestle together. They know. L R The pound, it seems to me. is not a cruel place. They do the best they can with the job they have to handle. It is out on the road that one is apt to find cruelty to dogs. Ill treat- ing animals is going out of fashic in the main, but it still crops up now and then. On one of the good roads leading out of the Dist an automobile pro- ceeded one bright Spring day recent Its occupants were well dressed, evi- | dently people of money, as the saying is. Bebind the car came another auto mobile, occupied by the friend of this column who tells me of this incident He was able to see that a dog was in the rear seat of the car ahead, but that the other occupants seemed to pay no particular attention to it. This, however, was not unusual, so the rear driver thought no more of it until the two cars, holding their relative posi tions, got several miles into the coun try Then, down the road, the first car stopped for a moment. A man reached out, grabbed the dog. held it for a second suspended over the road Then he raised his right foot and proceeded to kick the dog clear across the road, after which the car drove on. none of the occupants giving a backward look. Our friend rapidly drove forward Do you know what he found? He found a mother, who, in several days. would give birth to puppies. Evidently the owners had not cared for more dogs, the pound, or any of the animal or ganizations, had chosen to abandon their friend in a place where it might have starved to death Friends of animals will be glad to| | this personage with a sense of its own know that this friend of dogs the mother into his car and here away with him, so that among friends she might achieve the triumph of 1noiaerhood. BACKGROUND OF EVENTS OLLIN gases of different molecular forma- tion. So the farms which are doing their utmost s to production of pres. ent familiar crops can yet add other crops. For example, the fleld that has became exhausted with its long cropping of grain, may produce great crops of soy beans—a plant unknown in the United States up to 12 or 15 vears ago—and the more soy beans are grown the more fertile becomes the soil. * One of the scientists of the Depart. ment of Agriculture has discovered that the potato, which the Incas gave to civilization. is worth more each year than all the gold that Pizarro's piratical robbers took from Peru, though the Incas’ ransom was a roomful of gold. Yet the same sci- entist has made the astonishing dis- covery that the potato was the cause of the World War, for the potato fed too many people in Europe, until the countries were overpopulated and they had to kill off millions or—reduce potato acreage. The story is familiar of the aston- tshment of an Irishman who discov- ered diners eating celery and ex- laimed that they were eating the “bouquet.” Time is coming when upon our menus will be boiled can: roots, mixed with nasturtiums, to- gether with purple striped anyus and oxalis roots and the papa lisa, the lat ter resembling the potato. All these are as familiar in South America as are potatoes. Why have we intro duced only the potato and overlooked the eaually delicious roots of other “bouquets’? Our grandmothers feared the “‘poison” of tomatoes, for it was a reputed cause of cancer. It, too, came from Peru, but there is no rec: ord of Peruvian cancer. 3 ok ke The Department of Agriculture is finding more new crops for our semi- tropical Southern States than for the North, since there is greater need for new crops in the South. The work of exploring for new crops adaptable to our soil and climate has been carried on for 25 years. The new species are given over to some thousands of farmers, who plant them and report on resukts. Many are dis- carded after experimental planting. In 1898 the department introduced Durum wheat, for cultivation upon the semi-arid plains of the Midwest, where the familiar varieties of wheat could not be gramn, because of insuf- ficiency of rain. At first the Durum was opposed by millers, but today more than 40,000,000 bushels a year are produced, mostly upon land where other wheat could not grow. To in- troduce it cost the Government $400,- 000; now the crop is worth 200 times that each year. Peruvian alfalfa produces from one to two tons more of hay per acre than other forage crops; it pays the farm- ers $5,000,000 annually. Egyptian cot- ton has made the Salt River Valley agriculture profitable, where there was but a desert. It is worth from $6,000,000 to $20,000,000 a year. Arabia gave us the date palm; Africa the Su- dan grass. Within nine years after Sudan grass had come to America in a small bag of seed, it covered 500,- 000 acres with a crop worth $10,000,- 000 annually. The orange and grape- fruit have thus been introduced; so has the date, the Chinese jujube and the million-dollar avacado; Japanese sugar cane giving a $3,000,000 crop; the Rhodes grass, worth $1,000,000 a year. The total value of our crops intr duced by the explorers in the last 25 years amounts to more than $100,000,- 000 a year. That work will go on with increasing momentum. Similar intro- ductions of animals are being made— most notably the reindeer in Alaska— and improved breeds of all domestic animals. . nd instead of calling | | | | | | | {the formal recognized history of these. | | writers | mere specks in a work that s so alt | gether good—original in scheme, bril- | sitting at NEW BOOKS AT RANDOM LG THESE UNITED STATES. Ernest Gruening. Boni & Liveright. Love of the old home spot—whether this be XMichigan or Madagascar—is among the deepest of human affec tions. And with good reason, too. For this feeling is sourced, primaril in a span of native earth to whic kindred generations have given body and blood and spirit, thereby produc- ing a very special sort of physical and spiritual chemistry between this soil and the blood of its successive holders. A chemical union whose sig- nificant effect is an indissoluble bond between that home spot and the lineal heirs of those creating it and per- petuating it. A sentiment, this, that practically every one acknowledges and blesses. Around it the finest of human aspiration buds, the best of human endeavor flowers. Song and story commemorate it—in old tunes that never stale and old stories that never tire. It is upen this universal sentiment that “These United States’ is based * ok ox * Pride—local pride, State pride, pride of country—is something radically other than the sentiment-of affection commanded by each of these expand- ing conceptions of locality. This pride is different from that affection in origin, in growth, in objective, in ex: pression. For instance, the State— New York or New Mexico—takes on great self-esteem from {ts natural beauty of assembled mountain and stream, on the one hand; of iridescent deser nd plunging canyon and luring mirage, on the other; or from its nat- ural resources and derived industries, from its increase in wealth or its com manding influence among the other States, or in the great world itself. Largely material in its quality, that which calls out pride of country or State or town. History is its medium. History recording fac relating them in sums of progress or deficits of de feat, comparing and contrasting, de- ducing, projecting, prophesying —a technical process that, highly useful for its own ends, does, nevertheless, tend to dehumanize the acutely hu man affairs from which it is drawn. * % % % It is the purpose of “These United States” to put the human back into the history of each of the Common- wealths that make up our Republic. But not in any sense to do away with Indeed, without the authentic sto each of the States, as_historians gathered it. Ernest Gruening's would fail to register. His business here is to gather the meanings out of | the summed facts in the lives of these different States of the Union: how to interpret them; how to place them in a proper fronting upon their own pur- pokes and plans; how to weigh and evaluate them: how to project them as | influential factors in the whole prob lem. Tn a word, how to give to each State a living personality—just as one gathers a definite personality out of the scattered sayings and doings and | attitudes of a_human being. This is | the object of Mr. Gruening's work in | these two volume: ssentialiy of the essence of pure drama is this study. To give to each State a bodily presence before the reader—-that is the intent. To endow Powers on the one hand, with an & consclousness of its own responsibi on the other; to give to it moods and | actions and ambitions—this is the | werk of the dramatist. The novelist | is. obviously, the best instrument for this work of incarnation. And, in so | S o this was possible: it was) the novelist whom Mr. Gruening chose. In | case he made use of the writer | xperience and recognized merit. very distinguished company of | is assembled here. Agai where he could do so, he selected a na tive son, or daughter, to produce the great impersonation. In the two cases ~possibly three—where no native writer was available there is a mani- fest lack of the inborn sympathy that is so clearly a part of the other studies given here. To offset this, however, once or twice an oversympathy—the blinding sert—mars the zeal of one and another of these protagonists of the home States. However, these are ute liant in projection, illuminating in ef- fect. One of the most readable book: besides, that you will come upon in * JAPAN. Lafcadio Hearn. millan Company. Just as they did a few vear by the South Seas so, today, v adventurers have pretty scraped the top off Japan. So that, home, the general reader can envisage Fujijama as clearly as he can Pikes Peak. And he can see the terraced hills of intense culti- vation, and the many Shinto temples and the Buddhist gods, and the flimsy little houses and the polite little folks and the pretty customs and the | dainty arts. This appears to be the moment of Japan's exploitation at the hands of the writing craft. At long intervals some one goes into Japan who has within him a strain that we call exotic. We hardly know what we mean except that we do recognize vaguely @ kinship of thought and spirit between that traveler and the people of Japan. At the moment it is Harry Hervey who possesses this to a certain degree. Pierre Loti had it more markedly And Lafcadio Hearn, to name only these immediate three, ‘was most completely imbued with th spirit of the Orient. So, from La cadio Hearn one expects an intuitive inseeing understanding association ith the Japanese. Protesting that it cannot be done, that the Western mind cannot seize the Orlental spirit, Hearn nevertheless modestly enters here upon what he calls “An Attempt at Interpretation.” This expression of intent sets the author back with the origin and evolution of the Nipponese instead of leaving him on the street along with the other tourists in Japan, the other writers on Japanese life. Why are the people of Japan this thing instead of that? Where did they get their national character, where their racial bent Along their own line of evolution what may the world ex- pect from them in years to come, un- less some tremendously superior in- fluence breaks the continuity of their logical advance? And just what might The Mac ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC Q. What reward were the round- the-world fiyers given—I. 1. A. They were promoted 500 files in their rank—i. e, they were given credit for 500 points of service, et in_reaching the next higher grade. Q. What was the result of the search for the grave of Pocahontas which was undertaken about & year ago?—A. C. H. A. Pocahontas died on board ship at Gravesend, England. Her body has not yet been found. Q. Please give 'some information about a variety of tree known as the Sitka spruce.—W. E. T. A. The Sitka or tideland spruce is a large tree occurring abundantly from northern California to Alaska, following the coast as far as the Island of Kodiak. It is one of the largest trees of North America, at taining in low regions a height of more than 300 feet and a diameter of 7 or $ teet at 100 feel from the buse Specimens upon the islands in south eastern Alaska measured more than 200 feet in height and 25 feet in cir cumference 4 feet from the ground The timber is very valuable, entering into all kinds of building operations. When did Mrs F. Mrs. Bloomer, from whose name vas derived the common noun “bloomer,” died in 1894. Q. What is the part of a motion picture camera that revolves between the lens and the film’—C. P. A. It is called the shuttle. Q. Was maho; California?—J. D. A. Merely as an experiment it has been planted in California. g Bloomer die?— M. B ny ever grown in Q. When rising from a dining table should one push his chair back into place?—S. McL. A. It is regarded as being in bet- ter form to allow the chair to rest where it is when one rises from the table. Q. What is the average time of day when the temperature is the lowest? —F. W. A. A. As arule the temperature lowest just about sunrise. This i to the fact that on account of tion heat is being given off during the night more rapidly than received from external sources. As this continues until the heat from the sun overcories this disparity, it is the natur sequence that the lowest temperature should occur just preceding the mo- ment when added heat from the sun overcomes the loss oned Ly radi- ation during the n Q. What States h the same time?—M. § A. They were Rhode Island and Connecticut. In Rhode Isiand it was a case of the State having two large Editors Admit i two capitals at Power; Divide on Borah There is a wide ranze of Americ opinion as to the 1fluence of Sen ator Borah on the foreign of the United States. Much atten tion is given to his attitude toward the policies of President Coolidge, da | varfous estimates are made of the quality of his judgment. Some | lieve that his sincerity will v weight in the plans for anoth arms conference, others that lack of co operation on his rt will be a serious | Dstacle Che President will srmidable the Brookly se he is sincere and ear nest. and, second, because he is gifted in the conduct of debate.” The | Spokane Spokesman-Review believes the Idaho Senator is “incapable of | teamwork or construolive service.’ This paper observes that “Preside Coolidge has shown a desire to work with Senator Borah and the er\v] branch was rejected. He heads a| coalition that is essentially obstrue | tive—a coalition that can be held gether only for obstructive ends, and | which would break up over it attempted to fuse on a legi program.” Conceding that the ator is “in many ways an engaging | figure,” the San Franclsco Bulletin adds: “He is a capable lawyer, he has had long political experience, he| has presence, powers of expression, established character for personal honesty. But there is in the man an inveterate bias of opposition.” “Borah is mot always right.” de-| clares the Duluth Herald. “More than once he has seemed to be narrow and singular. None the less. when he Washington crowds the gal and the Nation listens. He is| often right. and he loves the right. Coolidge, the great American from New England, is not blind to the great qualities of the great American from the Western mountains. The good qualiti the one supplement the good qualities of the othe n similar vein. a picture of the Presi dent and Senator in friendly confer- | ence, taking counsel together, is| painted by the Kalamazoo Gazette “The only apparent conclusion,” con. cludes the Gazette, “is that the Presi- dent appreciates Senator Borah's abllity or power, as the case may be, and therefore refuses to inflict the discipline for irregularity which might have been meted out to lesser men.” o . The Senator is quoted as announc ing that he will co-operate with the President in his proposal for an arms - | conference, even if the call for it doe: not include land armaments, in Charleston Daily Mail editorial. which continues: “This is a considerable concession on the part of Senator Borah and should properly be appre- clated. It is his desire—and prob- ably theoretically the desire of all of us—that there will be no need for large standing armies anywhere in the world. But it is not as Senator Borah, American from Idaho, thinks, but as the great mations of Europe think. Centuries-old distrusts and the hard and bitter facts of experience cannot be wiped out by the soft words of the altruists.” Viewing the co-operation from an- other angle, the Springfield Repub- lican asserts: “The President has alternative, under the circumstancs to doing business with Mr. Boi whether or not Mr. Borah agrees this superior power be? These are the inclusive lines along which Hearn's mind works so delicately and with so much of. sympathy and comprehen- sion in a tentative and - hesitating interpretation of a people whom no man of Western birth and heritage knew better than did Lafcadio Hearn. Here he ‘“‘merely suggests a general idea of those forces which shaped and tempered the character of her peo- ple.” “Japan can be understood only through the study of her religious and social evolution”—and it is to such evolution that this friendly study—so penetrating in thought so fluid in phrase—is in great part devoted. ——————————— Never concede thslfll l‘anhll a chfl‘n- vincing speaker until you hear him try it on a trafic cop.—Reading Tri- bune. ——————— An efficlency expert would rather take an inventory than make a sale.— ©Ohio State Journal. ————e——— ‘What doth it profit a man to have initiative if his wife is th _ 'dum?—Sandusky Resistes, the President’s foreign policies. a Senator and committee chairman, he is in an independent position; he can criticize or oppose the adminis- tration’s ideas, the more so because he is Borah, and every one knows that Borah has now acquired an ir dividyal status as a free lance. Attention is given in some editorials to the Senator’s attitude on the ques- tion of Russian recognition. “We imagine,” says the Pittsburgh Gazette Times, “that Senator Borah is less fearful of popular unpreparedness to approve further arms limitation than he is desirous of advancing one of his pet hobbles—diplomatic recognition of Russia by the United States. He is right in contending that Russia is a factor in world affairs that cannot be permanently ignored in the reorgani- zation that is going on. When Russia chooses to qualify for recognition it will be granted. It is dangerous folly, as France and some others have learn- ed, to take Russia prematurely.” This position is supported also by the St. | traffic Paul Dispatch which states that the Senator, “who, himself, points out that the scope of the conference can J. HASKIN each claiming to be the polit center and neither agreeing to render its alleged prestige. Thus both Newport and Providence claimed the honor of being the capital of the State. Connecticut was similarly placed with regard to Hartford and New Haven. The towns were orig inally the capitals of separat onies. Eventually, however, the graphical advantages of 'Ha were admitted by New Haven Q. What own funeral?—C. F A. Charles shortly before his death had the full burial service read over him. The death knell was tolle: and monks chanted the requiem emperor . rehearsed Q. Who invented the hypoderm —W. L H A. The process of hypodermic jection was invented and bro into vogue Dr. Alexander W of Edinburg b How lor forei L. C The first Co; t nece Q for —E. A making to proct order to be United States it been necessars become naturalized ress passed a law for foreig n paper; Q. ¥low can join the Foreign I Has it an air servicer A. He must be in French territory in order to join. The Foreign Legion has no air service, Q. How did the term originate W A. The term *“Anzac to the colonial so Britain ing the the initi American n A ¥ citiz nce “An; * as_applied of Corps Birdwood in a telegra from the Gallipoli Pen 2 bave sought to interpret it as composed of the British colon land, Africa ar: machinery? Canada of our industr Japan came next with $14 017 and the United Kingdom with $12,791,732 most (The_ person who loses out is who guess The pers gets on abways the one who a upon reliable information. This pap employs Frederic J. Haskin duct an information bureaw for public. There charge czc 2 cents in stamps for return po: Write to him today for any fact desire. Your inquiry sh addressed to The star Bureau, Frederic Twenty-first and ( t age. vou £Y Borah Stand relations | | believes, thar wait for Russia and amenahle of nations, dis t as well member of the f arman: projects of the Democrati nsidered in various ed ms of Senator Borah support the Ur President proba Den : in could not ¢ - Boral suppor Weed Out crati the Unfit Drivers of Motor Cars Who doubts suggested b: be tk that the golden Eldridge for motor doubts that thing to have tonce? It s p! t one has a the suggestion is t Imag the motor of Washington and ing any attention to tha pt for a policeman’s 4 who would be a good millennium here ant and 1 hirds’ of vicinity golden r club And yet the most of these d arrested for speeding are n as they are declared to be drunken, ete. In truth stice is done them. In mar when the driver is said to he drunk or reckless, it is merely of brains—not much more b the hen has that runs across n front of his car in the has no sense of proportion probable he never drove a horse drawn vehicle in his life, unless was a trash cart attached to ar broken-down 5 And now, driving a - powered locomotive through crowder streets, he has 1o more sense of sponsibility than when he drove ash cart. In approaching intersection at 18 miles when no signal officer the moment. he never dr a danger. either to himself or « else, and ken speed It never occurs to him that girl or child of guileless age, chas a ball, may run out in front of car to be killed or mangled for life or that a feeble, purblind old mar may be just starting to cross the street. Sometimes another car, com ing down the intersecting street ar equal speed, meets him with grati ing results. Both cars are smashe. up, and the fool drivers carted off 1o the hospital. The enforcement of Manager Eld ridge’s regulations, as well as heavie: fines and jail sentences, have done something to improve the situatior lately: but there is just one way, and only one. to do away with the kil maimings and collision-smash-ups incompetent drivers. That w volves a sacrifice, to be sure, b city treasury, in the first stage: least; but it is a choice between and the safety of the people. “Safet: first” has been the slogan these man: moons, but, as everybody knows, there has been little or no cessation of “‘un avoidable accidents.” The plan to avoid these accidents is in brief, to round up every holder of a motor car license and at once re voke all those of evil record, not be renewed for one year. For the r mainder and all future applicants there shall be a rigid mental exami nation by a board of examiners, amonc them one or more alicnists, on wh decisions Heenses shall be retained ot granted. ' This will, of course, result in m. vacancies, if properly carried out with no small reduction in the volume rolling and parked in the Also, there will be for a time iderable reduction of revenue (o treasu but if there shall be the saving of life and limb among the people with the abolition of the exist ing deadly situation, tho taxpayers will cheerfully submit to further bur- dens, if found necessary. It question of v many-} a strec an ho there is v