Evening Star Newspaper, February 28, 1925, Page 2

RETIREMENT 0. K. BY GOOLIDGE SEEN Expected to Sign Postal Pay Measure Also—Hopes for Farm Relief. t Coolidge & the Fed- retirement pending in » House, after passage by the Sen- s adopted by the House. with this fecling that Sena- nfield of Oregon, chalrman of and Ster- the Sen- with the Presi White House. Al- represent the definite an- fo what action he may d the £t comes to hin no believed Preside sign the bill liberal law now service committee, h Dakota, who & throv ed left the they did as giving not h. there about its becoming law Senators said that they plained the more important details of s to Mr. Coolidge, king ¢ clear that the measure will not run ter to the administration’s econo- They pointed out that will, to the contrary, f saving money to the it will pro- ter eff- rsonnel ad- re- ex- ogran slation me »vernment, inasmuch a tion of nd retired vounger and more quoted b turnished by in proof. Senators Stanfield and Sterling sald that if this bill is allowed to get to a there is no doubt about the out- come in the House Two Questions Up. passage of the postal pay bill, the President now has two matters about which there is much speculation as to his action. The other the legislative appropriation bill, which provides increased salaries for Senators and members the IHouse and members of cabinet. The postal bill has not reached the Presi- dent, but those to him are of the opinion that he will sign it, inas- h as it is approved by Postmaster neral New. However, held by those close to ent, regarding the legislative propriation bili sident Coolidge is k i at the fa of ess to 1 the administration’s recon mendations for agricultural relief, ac- cording to ti ho talked with him today. Aside his firm conviction that there is urgent need for legis- lation that will improve the farm situation, the President is Understood have been led to believe that the recon made by the agri cultural which had his nt, would result gislation President With t nly nendations confer unqualified inde ir sfa Althoug! sen the thus has been far in his efforts to rovide the bclieves to be the best for farmer, he has not entirely abandoned hope. He has been led to el that some relief may be put sugh du few remain- ing davs of C¢ ds of th d farm blames product defeat of th He T ng g Frie discuss #say he farmers for the bin that into in f h him ndle the responsible administra presente feeling have been deceived selves to be used st their own inter- the, President is un- that the Senate n r-Haugen bill in w ) light chance that the accept it favorably 14 SEIZED IN RAIDS BY DRY OFFICIALS Police Aid Prohibition Agents in Arrests and Capture of 700 Gallons of Liquor. those as beln fa allowing th hting aga However to feel case there ¥ may derstood Fourteen prohibition men were agents and w arrested by members of the Metropolitan Police Department in raids last night that were held in all parts of the city and charged with breaking prohibition laws. Targe quantities of liquor were seized, the greatest unt being taken from fter exciting chases. s of various assort- automobiles About 700 gal ments were seized All defendants v today in Police Court, and are ex- pected to plead not guilty and enter r demands for jury trials. Bonds have already been fixed in the ma- he cases, running from $500 as determined by the be arraigned charge. Those arrested and the lodged agalnst them were: orge W. Brown, transporting and possession; Louis M. Offord, trans- 15 and possession; George Green 409 K street, sale and possession; ward Jenkins of 409 K street, sale nd Thomas Anderson 4 Dixon court, sale and posses- sion; Martha Upshaw of 142 M street heast, sale and possession; Henri- etta Washington of 1112 Routheast and possession; fiam W. Gardner, transportation and sion: James Allen McEddy, sportation and possession; Perry Thomas, transportation and posses- Nathan Davis, transportation: L. 3¢ of Sixth street t, transportation and posses- n Francis McCarthy, trans- and possession, and John J nell, sale isportation and possession Arresting prohibition policgmen _ included Lie Davis, rgt. McQuade and Sergt. Holmes of the vice squad; George Devoe and Thomas Heide of the tenth precint; J G. Helm, K. G. Pottes, Oscar Mansfield of the twelfth precinet; Paul F. Hodge and Robert Cornett, prohibitionagents; Carroll T. Gillespie and Pvt. Rainey the park polic the first precinct charges possession of sale posses Frank nes 75 “outhes on; Jo portatio agents and of Acceptance of Homnor 0. X.'d. By a vote of 106 to 15, the House to- day passed a Senate bill to permit Federal Judge Henry D. Clayton of the middle and northern districts of Alabmaa, to accept the decoration und diploma of chevalier of the Legion of lonor, tendered him by the gov- nment of France. The measure now soes to the President chuldt WD.ispenses Joke and 180 Days In Theit of Horse Torse stealing is still a bad prac- tice, even outside of the great open spaces At least Joseph ored, 20 years old zuilty in Police Court today to that effense, has found it so One hundred and elghty days, Judge Gus A. Schuldt ruled, after _humorously inquiring if it 4as the “old gray mare.” s Boston, col- who pleaded this feeling | the | kind of | who have | Fifth street | wil- | . and Edward Gore | (Continued from First Page.) retary Weeks was asked if the Budget Bureau had experts capable of visualiz- ing the needs of the Alr Service, and retary Weeks replied : The buresu has experts, but it may be controversial subject if they are equal to the members in the different bureaus of the Government. In Gen. Patrick's opinion, the Alr Service estimates were correct The War Secretary declared it was his opinfon that the Army did not have enough airplanes. “I approved the Lassiter report which provided a large bullding program for the Alr Service and we now are about to realize some of its recommendations.” The Secretary defended the experi- mental program of the Army Air Service, declaring that the alrplane in- dustry fs developing as rapldly a the automobile industry did in de- sign and construction. What (s new and modern today will be old and ob- solete tomorrow, he sald, and had a large number of planes been con- structed early in his administration he would have been severely criticized for building planes that are not up to standard. The present pursuit ship, he thought, would be a standard for three or four yvears, and declaring that Gen. Patr was very optimistic about this, nevertheless a new plane might be developed tomorrow much superior Weeks Denfes Muzzling. Secretary Weeks, o a letter Representative Perkins, the comm tee examiner, made public last night, declared “any statement that the Air Service officers are muzzled Is un- true.” He also gave the committee & list of Army airplanes which was turnished him by Maj. Gen. Mason M. Patrick, chief of the Army Air Serv- ice. Mr. Weeks, in_his_letter, quoted the rule of the War Department re- garding Army officers testifyiag be- fore congressional committees. This rule stated “officers are entirely free to testify as to their opinions and beliefs,” and, the War Secretary con- tinued, personal verbal instructions were given to the chief of Alr Serv- ice by me in the Fall of 1922, as fol- 1o nsmit to Gen. Mitchell and to the officers of the Air Service instruc- tions to the following effect: ‘Recog- nizing the undetermined value of avi- {atlon in warfare and wishing to ob- tain the judgment of anybody and everybody whose judgment ie entitled to consideration, the best interest of the Nation will be served by encour- aging officers in an unrestricted and full discussion of all points relating aviation. In testifying before :ongressional committees {f their vlews are contrary to the views of the War Department they will state to the committee that they are mot speaking for the department, but are expressing thelr own personal views and should do so without reserva- tion." Statement Given to Officers. “The chief of Air Service states that he transmitted the foregoing in- structions. Any statement that the Air Service officers are muzzled is, therefore, untrue.” The statement by Gen. Mitchell be- | fore the committee February 6 that | his report on conditions in the Pacific had been ignored by higher authority in the department, Mr. Weeks said, is not borne out by the facts. The Secretary sald the report was re- ceived at the War Department ‘“‘one ane one-half hours after the state- ment was made to your committee that it had been ignored.” Mr. Weeks gald the report is dated October 24, 1924, was presented to the chief of Air Service January 20, 1625, and the latter was unable to examine it owing to illness until February 2| 1925 After examination, continued the Secretary’s letter, the report was forwarded by Gen. Patrick to the War Department. “Of the $246,000,000 expended on the Air Service by the War Department since the wal continued the Secre- tary’s letter, “$68,000,000 represents estimated value of issues from our war surplus stocks; $24,000,000, or approximately 14 per cent, was ex- pended for new aircraft; $76,000,000 for the pay, housing and maintenance of Alr Service personnel, and $78,000, 000 for operation, maintenance, re search, experimentation and develop- ment of aircraft. * * * “Every possible economy in the operation was enforced and the maximum sum which could be made avallable was devoted to the purchase of equipment Cites Patrick Report. he chief of the Air Servi Patrick, repofts that on S M’LAUGHRY NAMED 0CCOQUAN OFFICIAL ce, Gen. ptember Expert in Prison Work Is Chosen for Post of Assistant Superintendent. Appointment of arles C. Me- | Laughry, a man of wide prison experi- ence, to be assistant superintendent of the District Workhouse | quan, Va., was announced by fisionee Rudolph today. Mr. McLaughr, | succeeds Jullan A. Schoen, who left the District service a few weeks ago © become deputy warden of the Fed- cral Penitentiary at Atlanta. Mr. McLaughry has been assistant superintendent of the following insti- tutions in past years: Allegheny of Correction, Indlana State Prison and the United States Penitentiary at At- Janta. Tn 1920 he was forced to retire from active prison service by an in- jury sustained in an accident, from Which he has now recovered. The new assistant is a graduate of Knox Col- lege at Galesburg, 11, The appointment was made upon recommendation of M. M. Barnard, general superintendent of penal inst! futions, concurred in by the Board of Charitles. . CAST TO PRESENT ‘RAIN’ HERE FROM BROADWAY Clarence Jacobson, Producer, Has Purchased Road Rights to Maugham Work. The production of “Rain,” which will he presented at the President | Theater next week, beginning Sun- day evening, is under the direction of Clarence Jacobson, who has pur- chased “road rights” to the play. It is stated that it is in every respect a New York production, and has a troadway cast headed by Katherino Hayden, whose experience in the role of Sadie Thorapson is well and widely known. The midweek reader in The Star, which stated that Miss Hayden Would play the role, should, the pro- ducers think. be cvidence that there has been no disposition on their part to mislead the public. Furthermore, the names of all who play the im- portant roles in “Rain” are plainly given in the Sunday publicity matter, - | | MITCHELL VIOLATED COOLIDGE’S ORDERS, WEEKS TELLS COMMITTEE Wrote Magazine Articles Without Submitting Them to Department for Approval as Told by President, Secretary Testifies. County Workhouse, Pa.; Chicago House | STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 28, 1925 30, 1924, he had on hand 1092 air- planes, distributed as follow “Training.. ... ‘Observation “Bombardment. “Pursuit “Attack. . 4T .. 820 102 190 ol 2 9 “Of these planes 829 are now in commission and 763 are in storage. Of those in storage 140 have been built since the war, and the remainder, entirely observation and training types, are war stock. Comparing these planes with similar types in other nations, the chlef of Alr Serv- ice states: “‘It is a fact that pursuit and bom- bardment planes in use by the Air Service were approximately the equal of similar types employed by any other nation in the world. The DH planes, observation and photographic, were possibly surpassed, but to no great degree, by those used for sim- lar purposes by other nations.’ “If the statement that Army lead- ers are conservative is meant to in- dicate an attitude the opposite of radicalism, the charge of conserva- tism might be sustained, but that does not mean that they are not pro- gressive. The charge that the devel- opment of the Alr Servics has been neglected is disproved by a compari- son of the personnel and funds now devoted to the Alr Service with those | of pre-war days. In determining po icles affecting the Air Service the chief of Alr Service is always given an opportunity to express his views, and he is regarded as the air expert of the department, his views almost invarfably being approved. “As regards the charge that officers having intimate knowledge of the Alr Service aftairs are excluded from participation in the determination of War Department atr policles, the facts are as follows: “There are at present six officers of the Alr Service eligible for detall on the War Department general staff. Two—the chief and assistant chief— are not available because of their present positions. * * ¢ Defends Present System. “I have already expressed my posi- tion as to the establishment of a department of aeronautics. * * ¢ I belfeve that the present organization under the national defense act, pro- viding for an air service as an inte- gral part of the Army, is sound and should not be altered Rear Admiral Willlam S. Sims, com- manding the American naval forces in European waters during the war and a storm center in the Navy through- out his career, took a determined stand for some of the policles ad- vocated by Gen. Mitchell at the after- noon session of the committee yes terday. “I think Mitchell has done an enormous benefit to this country,” de- clared the admiral. “Do vou agree with him that 2,000-pound bomb can sink any bat- tieship afloay?”’ asked Representative n, Democrat, Connecticut. replied the admiral | You belleve the statement of | Gen. Mitchell that the Philippines | could be taken in two weeks?” asked Mr. O'Sulltvan. “I quite agree with him,” said the admiral. “The situation In the Pacific is very unfortunate. Guam is not de- fended to resist a determined assault, and if it were held by the enemy our fleet could not go by it to fight for the Philippines. We couldn’t support the Philippines if they wanted to take e Aviation to the Navy miral, has been like a bull.”’ Admiral Moffett, chief of the Bureau of Aeronautics, “a very able man, who has been offered huge sums to go into private life as an admin- istrator, has done a good stunt in de- veloping aviation,” he said. Representative Reid, Republican, | Illinois, asked If it would do any good to take the general board up in air- planes for two hours a day. “I think we would lose them all,” replied the admiral “Would it be helpful to have an aviator on the general board?” asked Mr. Reid. “With a gang like that, T doubt it The admiral, however, won a round of applause from the spectators when he got the best of an argument with Representative Reld, who has quite a reputation for breaking down the testimony of confident witnesses. Mr. Reid asked how the Navy General Board could determine air policies | when its members are not fiyers. “The same way your committee, without an aviator in your member- ship and without practical knowledge of aireraft, can formulate air policies, except thag vyou are an impartial judge and they are not.” cald the ad ‘red flag to a “Strategy” of Navy | In Fight for Fund Revealed by Sims Congress Cleverly Edu- cated to Point of Giving Money, He Asserts. | ! The story of how the newspapers brought about the establishment of a naval base at Guantanamo, Cuba, by educating Congress as to its geographi- cal location was told the House aircraft investigating committee Jlate esterday | atternoon by Rear Admiral Willlam S Sims, .while discussing fortifications in | the Pacific. The admiral said in 1901 it had been declded to send the fleet to Guantanamo and carry along a crowd of newspaper men who would write stories from the Cuban locality—this for the benefit of Congress. Admiral Sims said he was told if the Navy went to Congress and asked for millions to fortify Guantanamo some congressman would get up and ask, “Where in hell is Guantanamo?” and, the admiral added, “nothing would be done about it for 10 years.” So the newspaper men went along to the maneuvers, and “Guantanamo” ap- peared in the press quite frequently. By two years, as the Navy had figured, “most every member of Congress knew { where Guantanamo was,” and, he con- cluded, ““we got the appropriation.” The Navy did not have that good luck with ite desire to fortify Guam, the ad- { miral said, because the people did not know what it was all about. Therefore, the United States entered into a treaty arrangefent with Japan not to fortify the scattered Pacific Islands, with the resuit “we are hamstrung In the Pacific today.” he said. Woman of 83 Seriously Burned. Special Dispatch to The Star. CUMBERLAND, Md., February 28.— Mrs. Mary Wiegand, 83 years old, a widow who lived alone in a cottage on Franklin street, is dying at Alle- ghany Hospltal from burns sustained late yesterday. It {s thought her clothing caught fire while she was bending over the kitchen stove. Mrs, Lewis M. Schade, a nelghbor, attract- ed by smoke, investigated to find the woman a mass of flames. She was burned .in extinguishing the fire, but not seriously. Mrs. Wicgand has been a widow 26 years. She has three chil- dren llving at distant pointa REALTORS PLEDGE WAR ON GOUGING Committee Declares Intent to Fight Unjust Rent Boosts and Evictions. Determination to prevent and con- trol as far as possible any unjust increases in rents or unwarranted evictions that might arise through the lack of rent control legislation of the present inoperative status of the rent bill was expressed today by the executive' committee of the Wash- ington Real Estate Board. At a special meeting this morning the exccutive committee decided that should any cases of undue rental raises or unwarranted evictions be called to their attention they would take immediate action in attempting to correct them. The committee stated also that the complete faclli- ties and co-operation of the entire membership of the real estate hoard will be available to those who are concerned fn any such manner. This corrective effort on the part of the board will be city-wide in its scope. The committes sent a special letter to each active and associate member, calling upon them to co- operate to the fullest extent In pre- senting any undue action on the part of any property owner or rental agent. The board also states that it will Immediately Investigate any mat- ters brought hefore them Letter to Membern. The letter to the members of the board reads as follows “As it now appears that Congress will not enact any rent control legls- lation, and in view of the fact that the present rent commission will be practically inoperative until May 22, when It will cease to exist by limit of law, the executive committes has again publicly reiterated the opposi- tion of this board to any unjust in- creases in rents or unwarranted evic- tions. “All members of the board are urged to co-operate to the fullest ex- tent in presenting any undue actlon on the part of any property owner or rental agent that may cause criticism You are requested to remind property owners and other brokers of the in- justices and annoyances caused by rent control legislation during the past few years. This should fnduce all to use the greatest care and cau- tion in their dealings in sorder to avold a renewal tenant agitation that may result in further legislation being considered Ly the next Con- gress. “Should any complaint reach the board in respect to unfair increases or unwarranted evictions we are pre- pared to immediately investigate the same and will not only use every ef- fort to prevent unfair practises, but will. with the co-operation of the public press, give full publicity to the facts as we find them.” Many Vacant Apartments. The executive committee states that evidences of hundreds of vacant apartments are available at moderate rentals and the evidence submitted at the hearings of voluntary reduc- tions In rents is definite proof that the laws of supply and demand are again functioning and rents in a con- siderable decree receding. By reason of the fact. dealings with landlords and tenants will be again conducted as ordinary business transactions, no rent control legisla- tion is passed the executive commit- tee states that it feels the situation will develop for the best interests of both landlord and tenants in the City of Washington in general CROSS-TOWN BUSSES T0 START TOMORROW Two Cents Will Be Charged for Transfers, to Be Given Only With Cash Fares. The new cross-town bus line of the Washington Railway and Electric Co. from Burleith to the downtown sec- tion will start operation tomorrow on a 10-minute headway from 7 o'clock in the morning until 7 o'clock In the evening. The route will be as follows: From Thirty-seventh and streets, east on S to Thirty-fifth, south to Q street, east into Massachusetts avenue to Twentleth street, south to K_street, east to Thirteenth, south to E street and east to the stopping point at Tenth and E. Returning, the busses will ko north on Tenth to K and thence west- ward over the same route. The rate of fare will be the same as on sStreet cars, except that trans- ters between cars and busses will cost 2 cents and will be issued only to passengers paying the cash S-cent fare. The Utilities Commission has indi- cated that after the line has been in operation for a while it will consider the advisability of extending the terminal eastward to the Capitol. DR. C. B. PENROSE DIES OF HEART DISEASE Brother of Former Pennsylvania Senator Succumbs Aboard Train Near This City. Ry the Associated Pross. PHILADELPHIA, February .—Dr. Charles Bingham Penrose, prominent Philadelphia physician and scientist, and a brother of the late Senator Boies Penrose, died suddenly of heart disease yesterday in his drawing room on a tr: near Washington, while returning from Aiken, S. C. News of his death was contained in a telegram received by his brother, Dr. R. A. F. Penrose, who is president of the Academy of Natural Sclences in this city. Dr. Penrose was 63 vears old. He had been In Aiken since last Decem- ber for his health and was returning for a brief visit with his brother. Dr. Penrose was graduated from Harvard in 1881, and from the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania Medical School four years later. He specialized in gynecology and was for many years professor of gynecology at the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania. He resigned his professorship several vears ago, and also gave up his private practice when his health broke down. He was a contributor to numerous scientific and medical journals and was the au- thor of several medical text books, Dr. Penrose also was a zoologist and for the last 15 years had been president of the Zoological Society of Philadelphia. Unlike the late Sena- tor, Dr. Penrose never took an active interest in politics. Elks Give Thaw Goat Ride. Special Dispatch to The Star. WINCHESTER, Va., February 25.— Harry K. Thaw, formerly of New York and Pittsburgh, but now a “dirt” farmer at the Kenflworth es- tate near here, “rode the goat” at the Elks' Lodge last night, becoming a member. Thaw said he greatly enjoy- od the experience, AR SENATE BILL GIVES D. C. TRAFFIC 60,600 Measure Reported to Pro- vide Expenses of New Law and Start Bridge Work. The deficlency appropriation bill, amended so as to provide $60.600 to carry out the provisions of the new trafic regulation il for the District of Columbla, was reported to the Sen- ate today by Chairman Warren of the appropriations committee. The Senate committee also amend- ed the bill s0 as to provide $500,000 for beginning construction of the Arlington Memorial Bridge across the Potomac River. The total cost of the bridge is to be $14,750,000. An amendment of $10,000 was in- serted by the committes for expenses Incident to the removal of construc- tion work that has been done on the proposed bath house on the wset side of the Tidal Basin and for the restoration of the grounds to their original park condition. The amend- ment {s intended to put an end to all work on the bathing beach on the west side of the basin. Raises Amount by $2,539,043.02 As reported to the Senats the deficiency bill carries a total of $58.- 125,441.70, which is $2,539,043.92 over the House bill. The largest single increase is $960,000, to be expended by the Department of Agriculture for agricultural experiment stations, in accordance with the law recently en- acted. The increases for the District of Columbfa, in addition to the items for the enforcement of the traffic la: include $5,000 for the Health Depart- ment for the prevention of contagious diseases. The sum provided for the enforce- ment of the trafic law covers the salarles of the director of traffic and the two Police Court judges, etc. School Fund Stand The Senate committes made no change fn the items adopted by the House for the public schools, totaling $2,631,500, to be paid out of the sur- Dlus revenues of the District. The committee had before it for conslderation as a possible amend- ment to the deficiency bill a con- current resolution offered by Senator Copeland of New York to pay police and firemen of the District for the extra days’ work which they did dur- Ing the last half of the year, 1924, but took no action on it. The com- mittee authorized the chairman to offer two legislative amendments to the bill, one providing for a joint committee to study the military prop- erties of the United States during the coming recess of Congress and the other authorizing a joint commission for the investigation of the public domain. These amendments will be offered from the floor of the Senate by the chairman. The committes recommended an in- crease in the appropriation for extraordinary repairs to the elavator and machinery of the Washington Monument, from $10,000 to $30,000 140 GALLONS SEIZED IN 3 LIQUOR CHASES Police Arrest 5 Men and Capture 3 Automobiles—Charges Are Filed. Three chases of alleged liquor cars by motor cycle police of the tenth and twelfth precincts last night, re- sulted in the arrest of five men and seizure of approximately 140 gallons of intoxicants and three automobiles William N. Gardner of Fredericks- burg, Va., was arrested after a chase on Georgia avenue by Policemen Deyoe and Heide, who seized 38 gallons of alleged liquor. He was charged with reckless driving, trans- portation and illegal possession of lquor. The same policemen, some hours later, arrested George W. Brown, colored, of 2214 Champlain street, and Louis Offord, also col- ored, of 1710 U street, charged with illegal possession of 72 gallons of alleged liquor and transportation. Georgia avenue was the scens of this chase, also. Policemen Helm and Potts of the twelfth precinct chased an automo- bile throughout the northeast section near Bladensburg road last night seizing 30 gallons and the machine, and arresting Nathan Davis, colored, iiving _on Bladensburg road, and Perry Thomas, colored, of 1736 Tenth street, on charges of illegal posses- sion and transportation of intoxi- cant! VETERANS’ COUNCIL ATTACKS PROBLEMS Experts to Complete Work Today. Medical Corps for Bureau Urged Upon Senators. While a speclal committes of the medical council of the Veterans' Bureau was appearing Dbefors a Senate committes today to urge establishment of a medical corps In the Veterans' Bureau. other members of the council gathered in committees at the bureau to thresh out some of the many problems before them. The council expected to conclude its ses- sions late today, and to submit to Director Hines of the bureau, a re- port of their findings. Gen. Hines, in opening the third conference of the council at the buresu yesterday. emphasized the previously adopted keynote of “Cure- Petter-than-compensation.” The gen- cral said it might be necessary to re- quest further legislation to govern this policy In order to demonstrate the principle that the hospitals of the bureau must be devoted entirely to medical treatment and cure. At the present time he pointed out it was impossible to “avoid more or less oc- cupancy of practically domiciliary nature. The director stressed the fact that to allow continuation of such condi- tions was actually a hindrance to the cure of the siek as it tended to foster their acceptance of a condition of dependency. The director suggested consider- ation of the standardization of the treatment, service and food in all hospitals where veterans are treated. Attending the council meeting are 34 nationally known specialists. HOUSE VOTES TO PROBE ILLINOIS FEDERAL JUDGE A resolution providing for investi- gation of charges against Federal Judge English of the Eastern Illi- nois district to determine whether there is ground for impeachment was accepted today by the House. The resolution was approved with- out a dissenting vote. Representative Bianton, Democrat, Texas, who object- ed yesterday, said he had done e under misapprehension, EBERT, IGNORING JIBES, BROUGHT GERMANY THROUGH MANY CRISES Had Respect of People—W as Worker Always in In- terest of Lower Classes—Credited With De- feating Trend Toward Red: Subjected to much ridicule, chiefly by monarchists, when he headed the republic that succeeded the downfail of the Hohenzollern reign in Ger- many, Friedrich Ebert was regarded highly by the people generally and, in his own country at least, was given the major portion of the credit for bringing order out of the chaos that followed the abdication of Emperor Willlam. When the upheaval came on No- vember 9, 1918, Ebert assumed & lead- ing role, becoming chancellor in suc- cession to Prince Maximillan of Ba- den, who had been.instrumental in negotlating the armistice. He was in office only 36 hours, being forced out when control of the government was taken over by the people's commis- saries. Tt was Ebert. jt was said, who by skillful maneuvers at that time prevented the Radicals from gaining the upper hand in the tur- moll created by the revolution. A few weeks later Ebert became one of the six commissaries who ar- ranged for the first meeting of the German National Assembly at Wei- mar to form a provisional govern- ment of the republic. On February 11, 1919, he was elected provisional president, receiving 277 out of the 379 votes cast in the Assembly. The constitution adopted by the National Assembly provided that “the c- utive power lies with the peopl Based Rule on Freedom. The provisional government functioned until August 23, when Ebert took the | oath as imperial President, and two days later the National Assembly ceased to exist, being superseded by the new Reichstag. Upon taking the oath Presi- dent Ebert said: “The essence of our constitution shall, above all, be freedom, but freedom must have law. This you have now established. We will jointly hold it. It will give us strength to testify for the new vital principle of the Ger- man nation, freedom and right.” During the first few months of the provisional government its foundation was threatened by the crisis which arose over the question of signing the peace treaty. President Ebert und his first premier, Philipp Scheidemann, were op- posed to yielding to the demands of the allies. With no other course left but to accept, Scheidemann and his cabinet re- signed and a pro-treaty government was formed, which included eome of the min- isters of the previous cabinet. The new government, while denouncing the terms of the treaty, decided to accept it, and in July, 1919, President Ebert signed the bill ratifying the treaty. With this phase of the treaty crisis over, the Ebert government was con- fronted with the problem of getting dele- gates to go to Paris and shoulder the responsibility of signing the treaty. These were obtained after many de- clined what they regarded as an empty honor, because the opinfon was practi- cally unanimous in Germany that the terms of the treaty were unjust and sought to disrupt Germany as a nation. Internal Tlls Increased. Internal troubles wers bobbing up nearly every day in all parts of the country, but President Ebert vigorously opposed the varied movements of Sparta- cists and Communists. He handled his difficult job so well that when it came time for the scheduled presidential elec tion in 1922 he was requested by a coali- tion of several parties to remain in of- fice until June, 1925, which he agreed to do. The, election of 1922 was postponed because’of the dangers of bolsheviet agitation and the general unsettled con- ditions and hard times that prevailed throughout Germany. | _After the new government had been transferred to Berlin one of the first announcements of President Ebert was that he did not intend to live in the palaces of the.former Kaiser. These, he characterized, as “museums | of a dead epoch.” It was no easy gether the new | task to hold to- republic, because of the conditions that existed wnen it was born. And even after it was formed and functioning the new gov- ernment of the people was confront- ed with one danger after another. Scarcity of food, clothing and fuel, riots in various parts of the country, frequent agitations and movement designed to overthrow the republic and re-establish the monarchy, and finally the crash of the countr. financial and monetary systems, which became the joke of the busi- PRESIDENT EBERT OF GERMANY DIES AFTER A RELAPSE (Continued from First Page.) half-masting of flags on the foreign loffice, the American and British em- bassies and the government buildings along the Wilhelmstrasse, { The news came as a shock to the { Berliners, as the morning newspapers published bulletins indicating a marked tmprovement in Herr Ebert's condition, and the crisis was supposed by many to have been passed. A meeting of the cabinet was called for today and the Relchstag will be convened on Monday, when it will probably arrange a new election date in advance of the one scheduled for June. The choice of a regular suc- cessor to Herr Ebert will relieve Chancellor Luther of the responsibil- ity of carrving on the presidential dutles in addition to his own office. The president’s death comes on the eve of the national day of mourning set aside to commemorate Germany's losses in the World War. There will be memorial services in all’ the churches of Berlin, and all the church bells will be tolled. President Ebert lost two sons the war. At the widow's request the funeral will be held Wednesday at the exec- utive mansion. Chancellor Luther will deliver the funeral address. At this morning’s cabinet meeting the chancellor made a brief address, commending the masterful manner in which Ebert had handled the exec- utive duties. He said all who had been thrown with the President were impressed by his patriotism and the wholly objective manner in which he administered the affalrs of state. The Bourse was closed today cause of the President’s death. The cabinet proclaimed eight days of offictal mourning. It also decided to prepare a law calling for the elec- tion of Ebert's successor. This law must have the approval of a federal council containing representatives of all the German states, and then be submitted to the Reichstag. The constitution provides that the successor to the presidency must be elected “as soon as possible.” It is generally believed that an election cannot be arranged in less than six weeks. The President’s body will be trans- ferred quietly this evening from the sanitarium in which he died, where his room and the death bed are adorn- ed with flowers, to the executive man- sion. The funeral will be a state cere- monial. COOLIDGE SENDS SYMPATHY. be- President Coolldge on learning to- day of the death of President Ebert of Germany addressed a message of regret to Hans Luther, German chan- cellor: “I have learned with very great re- {influenced by ness world and which caused its paper money to depreciate until its money value wag less than the naper and ink of which it was made. Presi- dent Ebert, however, weathered one | storm after another and finally the dawn of a new day fo which experts in governmer was brought about by the reparations plan. Was Son of Tailor. President Ebert was born February 1871, at Heldelberg, the son of a tallor. ' He attended the elementary schools, but mnever found time or finances to enable him to attend the Heidelberg University. Early in 1 he became an apprentice in a sad- dler's shop, and although he worked 12 and 14 hours a day, he read and studied a great deal at night. e acquired the hablts of industry and hard work as a youth and neve: for- got them. As president of the re public he was said to have been one of the hardest working men in the coun- try, and usually was astir before official Berlin was sipping its morning coffee After he had learned his trade as saddler, President Ebert began mi- grating from ome town to another until he finally settled in Bremen. There he became intensely interested in the socialistic movement. In an effort to help improve the conditions of the working classes he took an ac- tive part in a co-operative bakery| movement and regularly was up at| 3 o'clock in the morning making de- liveries of bread. And all the time he kept expanding his knowledge by reading books by the best authors. Author of Several Books. Ebert wrote several books detail- ing the circumstances under which laborers lived and worked in the in- dustrial centers. These literary ef-| forts attracted attentlon in his owr country and led to his acceptance of | a reportorial position on the Bremen Bergerzeitung in 1891. He covered police and court news, and in that way recelved a training that stood him well fn after years. In 1900 Ebert became a trade union secretary and a little later was chosen a member of the local governing as- semblage of Bremen. Five years later| he was elected 2 member of the pre- siding board of the Social Dem tic party, and in 1912 was elected a depu- ty in the Reichstag. There he gradu ally forged to the front as a poli leader, and became head of his party for all Germany. In 1918 chosen head of the main committee of the Reichstag. When Ebert became President of the republic he declared that if hard work, plus loyalty and application to detals, political and otherwise, wo hold the republic together there woul be no doubt as to its success. How he has kept that pledge fs shown fact that no matter how his ene have criticized him none have accused him of loafing on the presidential job Sought No Personal Gain. That Ebert accepted the presidency in the interests of the country and not for personal gain Is shown by the manner in which he has since any, greed Dawes 4, | was 1d| lived. | EDUCATORS LAD 0. EHOOL BLS Compulsory Attendance and Building Program Praised at Convention. Educators of the festing a decp publicschool Supt. Frank W. from Cincinn today ing the annual meeti partment of superintendence of t ational Education Asso 1 Ballou breught with him a newly & quired office, that of pr department, the highest confers upon a M . of the he meeting, Dr hout educational ational Capit ment of super lutions thank ction in and Nation are st Distr rned ttend= the d interest in the Ballou, who ret ter g the D five-year Dr. Ballou de president of the depar not the def carrying o COOLIDGE APPROVES TWO EXTRA STANDS FOR INAUGURATION in the im a to act as ushers and guar, a His salary has been a meager one as head of a natlon, and wh ernment made him allowance social functions he returned i treasury to be used for oth poses. State dinners and other functions at the executive were unknown during his incumben The only social activities, and they were few, were when the President desired to receive a few friends. At these the only refreshment served was beer. Horseback riding and walking wer the principal recreations of President Ebert. He cared little for auto: and seldom went to the theater. was stern and fat, but not larly good-natured. He seldom and scarecly ever more than the jokes of others. President bert method of handling politi pecially those who were h or critics. Under fire he alw his temper and permitted ponents to talk themsel he would step in which usually was final. In th ner he was credited with having patched up innumerable party contre versies which had reached the break ing point. President Ebert married in 1834 was the father of four children. obiles ¥ had Then m and and desire to extend my profound sympathy and that of the Govern and people of the United States to the government and people of Ger- many, in the loss they have sustained, and to the family of the late presi- dent, Mrs. Coolidge’s and my sincere condolence.” Secretary Hughes expressed his re- gret at the death of President Ebert. “His death is a great loss to the world,” Mr. Hughes said. have most agreeable memories of President Ebert, having been received by him ast year while I was in Berlin, where I formed a hignh opinion of his great ability and the phrt which he plaved in the development of the German democracy since the war. “T am deeply shocked to hear of his death, which removes a great figu who in times of extreme difficulty has shown an extraordinary capacity for leadership and who won and held the confidence of the German people and the esteem of all peoples. His death is a great loss to the world.” FRENCH ARE APPREHENSIVE. By the Associated Press. PARIS, February 28.—The death of President Ebert is deeply regretted in French governmental circles. as he was regarded as a true Republican and there is much apprehension lest his successor be one of Nationalist leanings. Immediately upon learning of the German executive's demise President Doumergue and Premier Herriot sent condolences to the German embassy and the French Ambassador at Berlin was instructed to convey the govern- ment's svmpathy to the German for- eign office. The German president and Herr Severing, minister of Interior in the Prussian cabinet, were considered as the only real Republicans in high office in Germany, and with the tionalist tendency of the Luther cab- inet it is feared by the French the new president certainly will be more reactionary., There is always a chance also, it I8 belleved in political circles, that the country might swing much further to the Right at a presi- dentfal plebiscite than at the last elections because of the absence of any strong Republicans in a domi- nant position in governmental life. The uncertainty over the outcome of a German plebiscite Is accentuated by the fact that this would be the first time a German president has been elected by the entire people. French politiclans also regard Ger- many as the only infant republic that has not yet learned its way about very well and may be easily the predominance of reactionaries in power. Besides this feeling, there comes to the surface the French govern- ment’s and the people’'s ever-present suspicion of an old enemy The French government believes in Ebert's sincerity and in his re- publicanism. For the moment it is doubtful If there is any great chance of a president of similar convictions being elected. France sees in Ebert's death the weakening of Ger man republicanism, and it disturbs gret of the dsath of President Ehert, her, f his far Mrs. Coolid ¥ H1i¢ Washingtor b | arrived | . Dr. | late | that word accer arding he would not the President’s guest at the Wk guration Tloor Committee N Lieut. Col the full membersh mittee of the to be held next Wed | was | William | when Ger 1 Mitc | Col sSherril | Rowle ¢ ing chairmer Mitchel. ( chairmen (first spectively): Maj chairmar Lombard, mandant Georges T G. Gripon, @ Col and Capt nese emba Wise Mors son, Archibald We Arthur ( . Floyd P. W Capt. Arturo Espinosa of the mbassy Cabot Stevens, Philip Hill (if Kauffmann, Eliot Byrd, Lieut the Brazillan Gary, Lynch Luq Malcolm A John J. O’Connor Drake, John W Comdr. E. D. Langw Iy MeLean, U N.; Herbert Bainbridg Clayton Biss C. McDonald, 1 E. Gillmor William M. Ritter, U. S. N.; Edward W, Culbertson liam Haskell, Assi of the Treasury Charles Capts. C. T. Brooks, John L. W. Burnham and R and Lieuts. C. M. Ruffner, Gord Hall and Lawrence D Burke, all the United States Marine Corps Chester W. Lockwood, Dr son Compton, Wi Payne dith, Wade H. Ellis, James R son, jr.:. A. M. Nevius Waller, Maj. Ernest H Capt. R. Oldys, Ma Lingle, James E Sandiford, Maj. George 1. Hodge, Lieut. P. McDonald, Capt. Robert L. Lieut. John K. Montgomery, Frederick A. Schauss and tha fiyers, Lieut. Leigh Wade, Licut lie Arnold and Capt. Herbert Partridge. Leland 0. A Capt 1 orary | Gen. ( Robe L N H. " Jeschk Lieut w Broker Dies After Fall NEW YORK, February 28 Kearr, a Manhat L today several hours after ha fallen four floors down the elevat shaft at the Crescent Athletic Ho was found uuconscious on top of the elevator cage. Ch,