Evening Star Newspaper, July 4, 1924, Page 6

6 THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. O, FRIDAY, JULY 4, 1924 THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. FRIDAY.. July 4, 1924 THEODORE W. NOYES. . . .Editor ‘The Evening Star Newspaper Company Bustness Office. 1ith St. and Penusyivania Ave. New York Office: z St. Chicago Office: 8 Europeau Office: 16 Regent St., London, Bogland. The Evening Star, with the Sunday morning edition, is delivered by carriers within the city at 60 cents per month: daily oaly, 13 rents per month: Sunday only, 20 cents per month. Orders may be snt by mail or tele- phone Main 3000. Collection is made by car- Tiers at the end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday..1 yr., $8.40; 1 mo., 70c Daily only . 1yr., $6.00; 1 mo., 50c Sunday only 13r. §240: 1 mo., 20¢ All Other States. Daily and Sunday.1 yr., $10.00; 1 mo. Daily only J1yr, $7.00;1mo., Sunday only .1y¥r, $3.00;1mo, Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press ix exclusively entitled o the use for republication of all news dix- Datches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this paper and also the local news pub- lished ‘herein. ~All rights of publication of &pecial dispatehes herein are also reserve 85c 80c 25¢ Disaster-Inviting Record Breaking. If there is anything in mere record- breaking the Democratic convention has assuredly accomplished it. But record-breaking is not in politics in itself a particularly important pro- cedure. What is wanted is a ticket that will appeal to the country, that will win enough votes in November to gain the victory. And a record-break ing convention is not calculated to vield such a ticket The mere fact that for over sixty baliots, the greatest number futilely taken in the history of American par- ties, the Democrats have been unable to agree upon a candidate does not ap- peal to the voters. Nor does the fact that in the course of this futile ballot- ing the most rancorous feelings have been manifested and the most bitter partisanship has been displayed make for support at the polls. 1t is an old saying that a party may quarrel over the preliminaries of & campaign and still harmonize for the election. But that, like many other old sayings. is not necessarily true. There was, for instance, the Republican plight in 1912, which enabled the Democratic party to elect Mr. Wilson. P onal ambition split the part twain at the convention and opened the way for the Democracy to enter the White House. At Chicago in 1912 Mr. Roosevelt boited and formed a new party. While neither Mr. McAdoo nor Mr. Smith may bolt from the de- cision of the New York convention, even if one or the other of them is nominated, the final decision of the convention is certain to leave one of them and his following in a bitter frame of mind Analysis of the sixty-one ballots that have been taken at Madison Square Garden shows clearly that but for the two-thirds rule probably one of the candidates would have been nom- inated long ere now. At no time has either of the two leaders been near enough to the two-thirds point to make a winning by any combination short of the collapse of the strength of his chief rival, unless all of the other can- dates of lesser magnitude should have combined for the higher of the two. In other words, Mr. McAdoo has at all stages needed the votes of all secondary candidates, plus some of those given to Smith. This, in the temper of the convention, has been im- possible. And it has heen even less possible for Smith, who has always had more than a hundred less than McAdoo and closed in yesterday's bal- loting 163% votes behind him The two-thirds rule is a check upon eny convention where there are two or more strong candidates. It is a dan- gerous factor. Had it not been for the Republican split in 1912 it would prob- ably have left party animosities that, apart from any other considerations, would have caused the defeat of the Democratic party. In 1860 it caused @ defeating split, though in that case the party was irredeemably divided on a fundamental question. In 1924 it threatens to leave the party in a con- dition to invite disaster. —_— e A Double Birthday. For the first time in the history of the republic a President of the United States celebrates his own birthday on the national anniversary. Mr. Coolidge is fifty-two years of age today, while the nation commemorate: its 145th birthday. i The twenty-nine men who have qe- eupied the White House have been born in the following-named months: Two in January, three in February, four in March, four in April, two in July, one in August, one in Septem- ber, four in October, five in Novem- ber and three in December. There have been no Presidents who were born in May or June. The only other July president except Mr. Coolidge was John Quincy Adams, born on the 11th of that month. Mr. Harding's birthday occurred on November 2, which in 1920 was the day of his elec- tion. Mr. Coolidge thus occupies a unique position among the Presidents. He shares, in a way, with Uncle Sam the honors of the occasion. Politica) prognosticators may see in this co- incidence an augury. The election in November next, however, will be de- termined by no such chance, but by more substantial considerations. —_— e The objection raised to the states- manship in evidence at Madison Square Garden is not based on any ability on the part of delegates to make up their minds, but on the fact that they could not be persuaded to change them. ‘The eight-hour day has no effective champions when the working time of & convention is under consideration. Compromise Flivvers. Observers of the New York conven- tion deadlock have for several days been asking, “Why don’t they agree upon some compromise candidate and finish the business?” That question finds enswer in the obstinacy with which two candidates are fighting one another. Neither will yield "to the other, and neither will yield any of his strength to @ third man. For each the| fears to quit even in behalf of a satis- factory third man lest his rival might take advantage of the change to forge ahead. TWO of these “outside chances” have been advariced only to fail: First came a boom .for Davis of West Virginia, who at the outset had the “favorite son” votes of his own state, with & small scattering of other ballots. He sradually advanced by small accre- tions until on the 19th ballot he had 841, Then came a drive for votes for him, and on the 20th ballot he jumped to 122, rising on the 23d and 24th bal- lots to his high point of 129%. He slipped back, at first slowl rapidly, until on the 58th he was back at 39%. Then Oklahoma, which has been the most mercurial of the delega- tions, save perhaps Mississipp! and Missouri, turned its 20 votes back again, and he closed the day with 60. 1t has been said that the Davis boom was started prematurely. But was it? The same thing happened to Ralston, who started with only his own 30 In- diana votes and held them steadily, with a very few small additions, until on the 49th ballot he was jumped from 31 to 57. and then rose to 97 on the 3th. That stood as his high-water mark to date, for after the 57th ballot he slipped, and when the voting closed arly this morning, on the 61st ballot, he was back to 37%. or only 5% above his starting point. Thus it appears that the “third-man drive” cannot succeed as long as the two leading contestants remain in the race and hold their strength. One or the other must vield to a compromise candidate. In of the fact, stated, that neither is inclined to quit as long as the other is in the race, it would seem that the only chance for an agreement is for them to quit simultaneously and let nature take its course. J view as e The Nation's Name. It is a fact that is not generally known to Americans that the title, the “United States of America,” which 1s now the formal and official designa- tion of this country, was not, strictly speaking, adopted in the Declaration of Independence, the anniversary of which is celebrated today. As a matter of fact there was no such organization when the Declaration was signed. The title of that instrument is, literally: “The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America.” Thus the word united was used there purely as an adjective. Again in the body of the resolution following the preamble the same usage occurs thus: ‘“We, therefore, the Representatives of the united States of America in Gen- eral Congress Assembled.” Probably those who signed the Declaration had no purpose in the use of this adjective save for description. That is to say, they had no intent to give the new political organization a title. They wished to proclaim to the King of England the fact that the colonies or states of this country were united in resistance to his authority, as they had been united in resistance to his impositions of injustice. When, however, the constitutional convention™ proceeded to draft the fundamental law the adjective became a part of the formal title. The pre- amble reads: We the Peopie of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish justice, insure domestic Tran: quillity, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare and se- cure the Blessings of Liberty to our- Ives and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.” This designation is carried on to the first section of the first article, which vests all legislative powers in a “Con- gress of the United States.” The Constitution is the basic instru- ment. The Declaration was an expres- sion of the spirit of independence. The use of the word “united” without a capital letter, as an adjective alone, in the Declaration was significant of the fact that when the signers penned their names to it they little thought that they were subscribing virtually to the baptismal certificate of a new nation. e His sentence may cause Gaston Means less regret, if he is an “‘egocen- than the heartless manner in which he has been pushed out of the spotlight. ——————— The Democratic convention proceed- ed without regard to the fact that the La Follette demonstrators had re- served the Fourth of July as thelr own especial date. ————————— Owing to pressure of business of more importance the public has found very little time to interest itself in the deliberations of Chicago alienists. ———f———— Ohio was at least able to see to it that Mr. Cox held his own as a fa- vorite son. Attention is again being called to the fact that American crowds are proverbially patient. On the Road. District automobile license platesare parading on many roads today. Tens of thousands of the familiar signs, “D. C., 1924,” are moving to and fro on every road on which a wheel can fairly turn within 200 miles of the city. The town is quiet and there is plenty of room in the streets. A holi- day is the chosen time for people to leave the city, and the Fourth of July is the holiday when more than the. usual number of city folk get out “in the open.” Washington's population has spread itself east and south to the bay and west to the mountains. Trains of our cars have crossed the Catoctins, rolled through the passes of South Mountain and gone over the Blue Ridge and are moving along the valley roads. The Fourth of July has been a great day for outings almost ever since it became a day of historic significance. Our ancestors went on picnics and ttended patriotic celebrations at “springs” and “woods” nearby. There used to be Fourth of July speeches, fireworks, tournaments, firing of can- non by local organizations, military drills, quadrilles, and prize target shooting at Custis Spring on the Ar- lington estate, Green Spring, near Georgetown; “the Spa” at Bladensburg and in Parrotts Woods, Pencote ‘Woods and other groves. The few Hittle steam trains would be filled with then more,| passengers, and the steamboats, much more mumerous than now, would carry crowds to Pyes Landing, White House Landing, River Springs, Oc- coquan, Cedar Point and other old- time river resorts. It is the automobile which now car- ries the man, his wife and children far from the cares of state and busi- ness and the routine of home. On hundreds of roads Washington cars are humming today. Radio and the Convention. At the outset of the Democratic con- vention it was enthusiastically assert- ed by many Democrats that the radio reports of the proceedings in Madison Square Garden would be highly help- ful in the party's prospects in Novem- ber. It was figured that the speeches of the keynoters and the nominators would make converts among listeners- in and evoke high enthustasm for the ticket to be nominated. It may be seriously questioned whether the radio has helped the Democratic prospects at all. On the contrary, it may be that the long- &rawn-out proceedings faithfully re- corded by even the smallest crystal set and brought to the ears of the mil- lions will have a contrary effect. Sure- ly the day-by-day and night-by-night wrangles and turmoil cannot arouse any particular degree of party enthu- siasm. Those who are partisans of the candidates for the nomination among the listeners-in must bave had their feelings hurt by the antagonistic mani- festations. The chants of the galleries for Smith whenever a McAdoo compli- ment was paid in speech or voting. and the counter yells of the McAdoo following whenever Smith gained an advantage had not been calculated to evoke harmonious feelings among the partisans sitting in front of loud speakers or with ear phones clamped on their heads. It has heretofore been remarked in this connection that the radio may prove to be a liability rather than an asset in a campaign launched by such intense factional feeling in one of the parties. The memory of these past days may fade somewhat before No- vember, but the radio audience cannot forget all that has happened. It can- not forgive the long spells of ear- splitting clamor as anticlimax has succeeded climax, and as results have been delayed in this historic political fight of the Kilkenny cats. —_— r——————— So much unreliable entertainment has been introduced at this convention that a few words from Mr. Bryan on the theory-of evolution might not be objected to for the purpose of creating a diversion free from danger of politi- cal rancor. ————————— After studying a national party convention for a while, the actors and managers may obtain suggestions that will render their controversies matters of genuine interest through the country. ———e—————— Favorite sons long held themselves in reddiness to respond to any inti- mations of suspicion that after all Mr. McAdoo and Mr. Smith are not the only greawleaders available to the Democratic party. ——————————— Many weary citizens thought, early in the week, that if there is any stampede material in this great po- | litical gathering it ought to be trotted out. —_———— Illinois and Pennsylvania have enough votes to enable them to bestow a graceful though frivolous compli- ment on nearly every candidate man- tioned. —————— The convention would have to last a long time to accommodate all the local talent sponsored by Tammany’s liberal hospitality for purposes of in- cidental entertainment. —_———— The man who likes to say “I told you so” has had & long time to wait in connection with the Democratic nomination, SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Inspiring Interpolation. ‘We've patriots all tried and true, ‘Who, when contention grows too warm ‘Will rise, their gentle best to do Toward silencing - the threatened storm. The spell of Art they seek to fling That turns the darkness into light— “Miss Myrtle Muggindorf will sing And Willle Wibbles will recite.” That every little helps we know. So when the thunder rattles near Give welcome to the sunmny glow Of hearts that have no trace of fear. New hope and courage let it bring, ‘This information so polite, “Miss Myrtle Muggindorf will sing And Willie Wibbles will recite!” Delicate Position, “It must be a satisfaction to be & favorite son.” “It is,” asserted Senator Sorghum; “unless your delegates hold up e con- vention until you fear you're getting unpopular in every state except your own."” The Day We Celebrate. “Now let’s be safe and sane,” we sa: “And think of bygone glories won. ‘With a convention under way The thing is easier said than done.” Jud Tunkins says there may have to be some relief for people who go to conventions, same as for farmers. “Listening In.” I hear a voice ca-a-alling me! I have heard that voice before Always in the seltsame key— ‘“‘Alaba-a-a-ma, Twenty-four™ Not for Henrietta, “I understand your wife refused to participate in the party deliberations. /*“Yes,” replied Mr. Meekton. *“They were all wrong in their estimate of Henrietta's capabllities. They wanted her to be one of those delegates with only half a vote “It 'pears to me,” said Uncle Eben, “dat de more votin® folks does de less dey feels like dey’s havin’ deir own way ‘'bout things.” Answers to Questions BY FREDERIO J. HASKIN Q. Who has the say in regard to whether the ball grounds are fit to play on after a rain?—Z. M. J. A. The manager of the home team decides whether the fleld is too wet to play. However, i it rains after the game has started, this is left to the. decision of the umpire. Q. Does it take more heat to evaporate water than it does to melt ice?—R. S. L. A. The evaporation of one gram of water consumes 537 heat units or calories, while the melting of one gram of ice consumes only 79 calories. Q. How much wool iy used in the United States?—A. T. R. A. The total consumption is 640,- 000,000 pounds a year, which amounts to about six pounds for each person in the Unlited Stat Q: What bonus did the government pay to the railroads during the world war?—R. K. C. A. The buread of railway economics says that no bonus has been granted or paid to railroads since land grant days, about fity or sixty years ago. The government paid the railroads a rental for their use during federal control, December, 1917, to February, 1920, of $944,639,304.28 per annum. Any’ earnings of the railroads during this period were taken by the Rail- road ~ Administration, the railroads recelving merely a flat rental based on average earnings of the carriers for three years ended June 30, 1917. Q. What do the three white stripes on a sailor's jacket stand for?—J. B i A. The three white stripes around the collar of a sailor's jacket and the black neckerchief are traditions from the British navy. The neckerchief is a mourning badge for the death of Nelson, and the three white stripes represent his three victories—Trafal- gar, Nile and Copenhaven. Q. In rubbing two sugar loaves to- gether in a very dark room a phosphorescent light is caused. What is the reason for it?—F. T. A. The bureau of standards says that this phenomenon, which is known as tribo-luminescence, is one of the several examples of lumine- scence which are at presefit but lit- tle understood. The term “lumine- scence” is applied to the property of producing light without the applica- tion of "high temperature. In the present instance the light is produced by friction. A similar result is ob- tained by crushing crystals of vranium nitrate In a mortar. Q. What was an escarelle?B. N. B. A. This was an old kind of purse which hung from the belt. o Q. How can hardened paint brushes be put in condition?—C. W. A. They should be soaked In raw linseed oil for twenty-four hours, and then placed in a pot of benzine. After a time, work the bristles with the hand until they are separated, when the paint will soften so that it will wash out. Ordinary fiber brushes may be soaked in laundry soda water un- til soft, and then washed clean with soap and water. Q. What meaning of K. D. A. Zion is a form of the Hebrew word Siyyon. It is perhaps fro: older word meaning “to be dry, 8et up” or “to protect.” Arabic anal ogies favor the meanings “hump, “summit of a ridge” and so “citiade Zion was properly the southern part of the eastern hill on the top of which the temple was bullt. ‘the the is derivation word “Zion"? and P. Q. Why do we speak of our am- bassador ‘to England as ambassador to the court of St. James?—W. C. D. A. St. James' Palace was the Lon- don residence of the British kings from the time of Willlam III to the accession of Queen Victoria. During this period the expression, “court of St. James,” came to be generally used, and is still maintained as the nmu(u designation of the British court. Q. Who wrote the story about the lady who threw her glove into a lion's den, commanding her lover to return it to her?—R. 8. "A. This story has been variously adapted by Schiller, Leigh Hunt and Browning. but was originally told (about 1!50) by Plerre Ronsard. Q: How can peppers be peeled for canning?—F. T. M. A. Place the peppers in a hot oven om six to ten minutes, until the kin cracks and blisters, but do not let them burn. The skins can then be easily removed with & slender par- ing knife. Q. Does the moon rotate on its axis? If so. how does it happen that we see but one side of the moon? —T.R P. A. The moon does rotate on its axis. The exact coincidence of the moon's od of axial rotation with that of its revolution about the earth is generally accepted as due to tidal influence. “The moon is believed to have been plastic at one time, and great tides must then have been pro- duced by the earth’s attraction. Q. Where do marabou feathers come from?—R. A. A. Marabou feathers are the deli- cate white feathers obtained from under the wing of the marabou stork, a native of West Africa. Q. What is t when it is said that an airplane taxis?—N. M. I A. To taxi is to run an airplane over the ground or a seaplane over the water. Q. What s & Barmecide feast?— PR K. A. Barmecide, & character in “Arab- ian Nights,” asked a starving beggar to dinner and set empty dishes before him. Q. What per cent of sugar is there in the following: Raisins, dates and figs?—C. A. B, A, Raisins contain 61 per cent sugar, dates 66 per cent and figs 43 per cent. Q. Is the country in South America called Brazil or the United States of Brazil?—N. E. L R. A. The proper name of the coun- try is United States of Brasil, but the Pan-American Union says that it is more generally known as Brazil. The name Brazil is from the Portuguese “braza,” meaning a live coal, and was applied to the country on account of the color of its dyewoods. Q. What is meant by & plenary conterence?—L. E. 8. A. A conference fully attended, with authority to, take final action, is & plenary conference. Did yow ever write_a letter to Fredengp J. Haakin? You com ask tion and answer aromlum. TMe is o part of a pers: that Dbest e of this newe- poperSHRVIOH: i mo charge ezcept 2 cents in stamps for return postage. Get the habit of asking questions of The Star Infor- mation Bureaw, Frederic J. Haskin, * dérector, 21st and C streets north- west. Artistic temperament real if it still sticks around after a good doc- tor has declared your liver is hitting on all six.—Little Rock Arkansas Demo- crat. . Word comes from New York that Willlam Jennings Bryan is wearing nose glasses with a long ribbon at- tached. Can this be evolution?.—Seat- tle Daily Times. A P;]ot peapls run thumnl:lel A rying to “gel en.”"—8pringfle! Tilinols) State Journal It ought not to be hard for any fel- low to Bo & soif-made man these if he has the mortar and some |—Nashville Banner. IN TODAY’S SPOTLIGHT BY PAUL V. COLLINS Prominent Haitians indict . the United States before the league of nations. Not all join In the charges, for, as in other countries, the people are divided into parties, but the for- mer minister to France, M. Dantes Bellegrade, in an address last Monday in Lyon before the Assoclation for the Support of the League of Nations represented that there had been no reason for American intervention in the affairs of free and independent Haitl. The landing of American ma- rines, therefore, he declared, was an invasion of a small and weak country by a powerful nation, and that inva- sion and usurpation had disturbed finances and had not increased ex- ports nor enhanced general prosper- ity. It was unwarranted, and he de- sired ‘that the league of nations should take cognizance thereof and reTulre prompt evacuation and suit- able reparations. ok % By what right does the United States interfere with other nations upon this hemisphere? Had not Haiti attended strictly to its own business, without inviting the United States to come In with its marines and stop domestic revolutions? As stated recently by our Secre- tary of State, Mr. Hughes: “Since the republic of Haitl gained its independ- ence 1t has been the scene of aimost continuous revolution. This is true of recent history as well as of earlier years. From 1386, when Gen. Solo- mon completed his full presidential term, until 1915, every president, ex- cept "one, had been overthrown by revolution, some escaping to nearby islands, others- being assassinated. As the result of these successive revolutions the republic, by the sum- mer of 1915, had reached a stage of exhaustion ' and devastation more complete than at any prior period of its existence. * ¢ ¢ Between the ears 1910 and 1915 the foreign fe- iations of the Haitian government became seriously involved because of the pressure brought to bear by the governments of Great Britain, Qermany, France, Italy and the United States to obtain a settlement of the cladms of their nationais. Be- cause of the unwillingn or inabil- ity of the Haitian people to settle these claims in a satisfactory man- ner :h ‘med demonstra- tions: forces of foreign powers had been landed at various points In Halti, on the ground that lives and property of their nationals were in danger.” R In 1915 & mob’ murdered ex-Presi- dent Zamor and drove President Sam and the cabinet officials to seek asylum In foreign legations. Then the mob violated the French legation by dragging President Sam out of it to the street, where he was torn to pleces. Under these circumstances, together with general default upon foreign debts, it was necessary that either the United States or some European power or powers take possession of Haiti to protect their nationals, col- Ject their claims and preserve order. Although Europe's own war would Drobably have postponed her action— uniess naval advantages became ap- parent in_establishing supplies upon the island, there was no certainty that the war might not suddenly shift 80 that very undesirable and dangerous intervention in Haiti by some European belligerent might become a fait accompli over night. The invasion of Mexico by France and Austria, to set up a Maximilian throne while our country was in- volved In clvil war, had no more plausible pretext in the demand for the payment of European claims than the threatened intervention in Halti by European countries would have had in 191 *x Under the Morroe doctrine the United States would not permit any European power to take possession of territory upon this continent. In 1912 the Senate took cognisance of Japan's attempt. through ar. alleged private enterprise, to establish a fish- ing station upon Magdalena Bay, Lower California, and the Senate then supplemented the original Monroe doctrine with declaration that “every ration has a right to protect its own safety, and if it feels that the possossion by a foreign power for military or naval purpos of any harbor or place is prejudicial it is its duty, as well as Ita right, to inter- ere.” Under that principle it was the duty of the United States to.guard against any eXxcuse of Burope to gain a foot- hoid in the large Island of San Do- mingo, on which lie the two repub- lics. Halti and the Dominican Re- public. e * X * ¥ TUpon taking possession of the dis- tracted island in 1915, for the preser- vation of peace and the reorganisics of general conditions, the United States marines protected the Haitlans 2xainst the tyranny of the mobs while the voters were electing a new presi- dent ard revising thelr constitution. The election was safeguarded for the Haltians—not influenced otherwise by Americans. A treaty was then entered into be- ‘ween the United States and the new president, Morsieur Dartiguenaye— ‘ormer president of the Haitian Sen- :te—by which a general receiver of Anances was nominated by the Presi~ dent of the United States and appoint. cd by the President of Haitl. His duties were to_collect the revenues ard to so handle the disbursements as to balance the budget, reduce the debts and support eMcient develop- ment of agriculture, mining and com- merce. Under this management the debts have been reduced, the revenues have been safeguarded and have gone to support the government of Halti, placate its creditors and undertake public improvements. Peace has succeeded mob rule, banditry has been wuppressed, agriculture, indus- try and commerce have bean stim- ulated and hygiene introduced where it had been unknown. Within the last few months a loan of $16,000,000 has been negotlated with which to pay specially troublesome European debts. Domestic claims are being, adjusted. * X x x M. Bellegrade In his Monday speech at Lyon denmied that exports have been stimulated, yet official statistics show that the exports in the first year after American occupation were $7,220,290, the next year $6,276,321, In 1918-19, $21.460.290; in 1919-20, $18,990,032; in 1920-21, $4,953,570; In 1921-22, $8,696,612; in 1922-23, $12.- 128.429. (Reported by the American Chamber of Commerce of Halti.) Duties on imports collected annual- ly have gveraged §2,175,399. Haitian business—exports and imports—like that of other countries, is affected by world market conditions, and no one need be reminded that the world has had both fat and lean years since the world war. Prior to American intervention exports had been par- alyzed by non-production, due tq the anarchistio conditions in Haiti. * % % x Haitl has an area of 10,204 square miles and a population of 2,500,000, mostly negroes. The dominant lan- guage Is French. It has great natural resources, not well developed. Until the new constitution was adopted, in 1916, no foreign-born person could hold property in that country. The predominating colored people ex- cluded whites as rigidly as we are about to exclude the orientals. The new constitution modifies that ex- clusion somewhat and permits for- elgners to own property needed for the carrying on of commercial or manufacturing enterprises or for farming. Not much exploitation nas followed that invitation yet, and as viewed by the Department of State of the United States there is not like- 1y to be much development or invest- ment in case American protection is withdrawn. ~ Secretary Hughes is positive that the Americans have not vet finished the work they have undertaken there and that the time for withdrawal has not yet come, but there is no purpose to take over the country as an American possession any more than we took possession of Cuba. ~All that America wants in Haitl and the Dominican Republic is peace and prosperity under native rule, and freedom. Tolerance of an- archy and defalcation of debt is over. Caustic Comments by Press On Rhode Island’s Deadlock Rhode Island’s legislative deadlock with the Republican minority sena- tors in retreat across the Maesachu- setts line after sessions marked by fist fights and an attempt to rout the Benate with chlorine gas, has drawn caustic comment from the press. The trouble, editors point out, is over the minority’s effort to block a conven- tion to revise the state constitution and replace the present borough eys- tem of representation. The severest critic of the proceed- ings id the independent Providence Journal, published in the chief city of the state. “Nothing of the sort was ever b fore recorded in Rhode Island his tory,” says such a display of the lower passio: been seen in any American state. Here, in dignified public assembly hall dedlcated to the orderly discus- sion of the people’'s business, the usual rules of decorum have been overridden and a degrading fight, participated in by women as well as by men, has taken place. The episode was clearly anything but sponta- neous: on the contrary there were practiced thugs in attendance before the disturbance began. What brought them thefe—an _academic interest in legisiative affairs? Conspicuous men with & police record were pres- ent on the Senate floor, and the in- ference from that shameful fact is plain. ¢ ¢ The lieutenant gov- ernor is sworn to maintain the peace of the Senate, but in spite of that fact there has been almost daily dis- order there, culminating in the as- tounding roughhouse. ¢ ® ¢ More than ever the people of Rhode Island are face to face with the one great issue in this state! Shall orderly government be preserved? It was dis- orderly government that was staged at the state house. It was govern- mcntl by ; Ifl:nsflu;dlnv“l"nantn! :Y passion, by inflamed prejudice, by reckless rioting, by fist and foot.” * X % % The Boston Transcript suggests that Gov. Flynn could take his cour- age in his hand and attempt a medi- ation committes of private oitizens with no officlal or political connec- tions, because “there are plenty of intelligent men and women in Rhode Island who are well qualified to de- cide what should be done, but as it is now they must await an election to express an_opinion effectively. The Chicago Daily News declares that those who refuse to vote for a resolution to revise the constitution “deserve stern condemnation, and they have no rational excuse for their stubborn rejection of #ound principles of self government.” The minority’s conduct, the St. Louis Post-Dispatch insists, “is a disgrace to the name of free American insti- tutions.” In principle, “the Portland Expre: belleves “it will generally be con. ceded that the Demécrats have the right of it, but that does not render the methods employed by the latter ts that “the it ortion- -n.-.‘nd present appor ;::r' “with 40 per An- habitants semate &ave by his iacredlble acquieace: fair is “not merely a biot upon the record of that state but an occasion for national shame,” in the opinion of the New Orleans Times-Picayune, which adds: ‘Who is originally to blame, who struck the first blows, are matters of little interest. Both parties, apparently, are so guilty that no amount of explanation, no buck passing, can possibly clear their skirts. The real blame es further back to those who put these men in office, and particularly to those who did not care to trouble themselves about what kind of man should be selected to control the affairs of thelr state.” It would seem to the Minneapolis ‘Tribune that “the industrial workers in ‘Little Rhody’ who came from other lands must be wondering {f native-born sons haven't their fingers crossed when they plead for respect :?r (khe flag and love for our institu- ons. “Of course, the proceedings in the Rhode Island Legislature are dis- graceful,” comments the Cincinnati Times-Star, “yet they have their el men of honor,” and ‘“perhaps the public is in no mood to sympathize with the gassed senators,” because “it_knows that more poisonous gases have come out of legislative halls than ever have gone in.” The Seattle Times, however, thinks “chlorine gas may be necessary agency of destruc- tion in war, a remedy for colds in ‘Washington, D. C., and an aid to the criminal in robbing mail trains, but it certainly is not well adapted to legislative uses.” * %k % These refugees of Rutland are llkened by the New York Evening World to those of the Romanoff regime and the royal family of Greece as “victims of the viclous spirit of democracy. As custodians of the constitution—of Rhode Island—they have voluntarily gone into exile to save the state. If there should be a conatitutional convention and the 93 per cent of the people should be given the power to rule, the last fortress of American feudalism would fall—and that must be prevented at all haz- ards.” =~ The San Francisco Bulletin asks “Can It be that In coming west olvillsation has deserted the east— left its rear guard unprotected? It is enough to shock Alkali Ike and_send a shiver down the spine of Yuba Bill when they read of the doings of those Rhode Island reds masquerad- grave and reverend To an outsider With no property ualifications in Rhode Island, the ochester Herald maintains, “it would seem at first glance that the Repub- lican senators are fighting a losing battle.” The Springfield Republican thinks “some reasonably satisfactory compromise plan could be worked out by, a constitutional convention.” If the majority of the voters who favor the constitutional reform is large enough, the Great Falls (Mont.) Tribune is confident “they will even- tually secure it,” because “the right of the majority of the citizens expressed at the ‘ballot box to rule is so fun- damental in the republic that in the end it will in some way, K make its mandate effective.” 4 The Providence Journal {n another editorial the governor with neglect of duty. *“When the lieuten- ant_govermor declined to clear the floor of the ', when l“l: nce The Forthcoming Con- ference of Premiers and the U. S. BY FRANK H. SIMONDS. Obscured though it has been by domestic political circumstances, the decision of the Coolidge administra- tlon to be represented officially at the forthcoming conference of allied premlers is an event of first impor- tance for Europe, it may even supply just the added weight necessary to bring about ultimate German ac- ceptance of the Dawes report. Morcover, this large result will flow rather from our presence than from anything that Ambassador Kellogg may say or do. Actually our going to the London conference enormously fortifies the case for the German cabinet, which has been fighting desperately with its nationalistic opponents for the use of the Dawes report at least as a basis of discussion. German necessity is obvious; while the currency situa- tion has been momentarily stabilized about the rentemark, the equlibrium is highly unstable. To get the wheels of industry and commerce going again, Germany must have a foreign loan and have it soon. She can get it only from Britain and America. Provision for such a loan is therefore for Berlin the most attractive feature of the Dawes plan. Manifestly, if the loan could be had without adoption of the Dawes plan, Stresemann would have little reai chance to defeat the Nationalists. But with Britain and France again in substantial agreement and with the United States giving clear evidence of its approval of the Dian, both of: ficlally,” and @nofficially, ‘the solid truth for the Germans is that there is no money to be had while the Dawes plan is “not adopted snd put into operation. * % x % The moral effect of the decision to be represented in London must then be very considerable and have most welght with the Industrial magnates of Germany, whose decision must, in the end, settle the matter, for, if they refuse to support Nationalistic ob- struction, then this obstruction can- not endure. Already the American approval of the Dawes report has been emphasized by Stresemann and others. Now their words have strik- ing American confirmation. Meantime the victory of Herriot in the French elections and his subse- quent actions, notably his declaration of a readiness to evacuate the Ruhr when Germany actually complies with the provisions of the Dawes report and not when she has made payments, as Poincare had intended, and his fur- ther consent to the amnesty and re- patriation of the Ruhr exiles, has de- prived the Nationalists of their best Erievances and their best arguments, und, at the same time. met the most serfous criticisms of Fre; y i serions nch policy in For the first time since the making of the treaty of Versailles there has been something like teamwork be- tween the liberal, or more exactly the moderate, elements in Germany and the allied governments. Both Herriot and MacDonald, by their words and by thier deeds, have sup- plled sound arguments for the Ger- man moderates and for the Strese- mann-Marx cabinet, with which to meet the arguments and demands of the junkers, of the Ludendorff-Tir- pitz-Hitler group. Now, at last, the German moderates have an alt¢rna- tive to present their public. * * x x Slowly, very slowly, but very sure- 1y there is taking place a new ap- proach of the allied countries and publics to common ideas and common action. And this agreement no long- er takes the form or has the ap- pearance of military or politi hostility to Germany. Ralh{:r llc?l founded upon the ideas of the Dawes plan itself, which is the first constructive circumstance in post- war history. A rapprochement between Britain and France has actually taken place A limited but significant evidence of renewed American interegt and even willingness to participate in Kuro- pean adjustments—economic, not po- litical—is disclosed in our consent to sit at London. And in the imme- diate background there is revealed the possibility of something like a repprochement between allied and German governments and Interests. It atill les within the realm of pos- sibility, at least, that the German Na- tionalists will be able to upset the most promising effort at reconstruc- tion since the close of the war. The situation, while hopeful, remains filled with dangers. But what does seem unlikely is that any German maneuver can again _divide the allies and separate America from her war-time partners, for all are now united on the platform of the Dawes plan. For the first time the allies will then, following the new Lon- don conference, meet Germany with a plan prepared and with a common accord on that plan. * x x x Germany can get money, the evac- uation of the Rubr, admission to the league of nations and a place on the council with little delay, if she ac- cepts the Dawes plan, but she can get nothing otherwise, either in Lon- don or in New York, and she cannot hope to enlist any British or Ameri- can aid or sympathy in the matter of the Ruhr occupation if she declin to take the easy and, indeed, the sin- gle path leading to the liberation of her Rhine regions. 1t you stop and think, you will re- call that hitherto France and Britain have never been able to carry com- mon purposes to or from any col ference since 1919. Each meeting has been a battle between rival interests and purposes. And the result has been “deadlock. Germany has been faced with vague and conflicting de- mands, because London and Paris were in complete disagreement. All this {s over now, at least for the moment. If Germany declines to ac- cept what is now asxed of her, Lon- don will not blame Paris nor Paris London, and the United States will not attribute European chaos to in- terallied jealousies. Germany will stand forth again before the world as the real menace to peace, the single obstacle to adjustment, the responsi- bility will be here and her isolation will be very complete. Thus America’'s consent to go to London, while it really carries little or no ' responsibility " and requires practically no action, constitutes a moral contribution of inestimable value at the present critical moment. It may just turn the trick. (Copyright, 1024.) Plan Offered to Solve New Calendar Puzzle To the Bditor of The Star: 1 read in your paper Tuesday that an- other subscriber wants to know what to do with the odd day in case of adoption of the Marvin plan for thir- teen twenty-eight-day months for a year. The best way to manage this would be to put the odd day in the last month of the year, or, in case of the léup year, to put the two days in that month, 86 that all the months of the year would begin on the same day of the week and we would thus have the first, second, third and fourth week of every month, In this case there would be little use for a calendar, for it would be easy to have In mind the week and number of a month. If the year came in on Monday, so would all the months. To know the day of the week would give you at once the day of the month. C. E. WAGER. the presence there of a disorderly throng day after day, it was the clear duty of Gov. Flynn to maintain the public_peace. Instead of acting the part of governor of the state, he has ‘weakly preterred to take his cue from his political subordinate and play cheap gouue-. He has shirked his monl bility, I{noM his obligation must bear his full share of the blame for what has happened.” PAGE ADDRESSES D, C. PIONEERS Clerk of House: Chief Speaker at Meeting of Association of Oldest inhabitants. WORK AND THRIFT URGED U. S. People Should Help Selves Instead of Asktug Federa! Aid, Orator Declares. The minds of t'e American people may be confused, Mut their hearts still are sound, Willia's Tyler Page, clerk of the House of )lepresentatives, de- clared, addressin' the Independence day mecting of the Association of Oldest Inhabitan' ' of the District of Columbla at Chriit Church, G street between 6th and " 'h street ssoutheast, at noon today. “There is noth'\g wrong with the American people,” Mr. Page asserted. “Their hearts aro allright and it is only their minds that are confused. When they bectine less dependent upon law and its administration, and their minds once 1iore set upon work- ing out thefr own salvation, they Wwill, through tha operation of natu- ral laws. restore Usrmal living, which logislative enacti ent never can do. “Thus will miny problems solve themselves. Thus will men and women take up “ach in his and her own way the duties of citizenship, and the aggrega's of individual ef fort will restor normal, healthful and hopeful ccuditions of living. Honest work and frugality in living again will becom" as in former hap- py days the foundation of our pro: perity, our progress and our self- respect.” Loyalty to Corstitution Urged. In another par! of his address the speaker told the s‘athering of pioneer Washingtonians 'hat “motley forces of opportunism have introduced inte our system of jovernment policles and practices for<ign to this repub- lic. They have, Jusiduously at first, and then brazeniy, through class leg- islation and the recognition of so- clalism, sown thr seeds of bolshe- vism and encourased discontent” “This nation,” 1= continued, “can- not live partly under the Constitution and partly outside of it. The repub- lic must be that which was intended to function under 'he Constitution, or it must jetison al'ogether that great instrument It cinnot be sovietized and remain a rep’csentative govern- ment. “Today we are all Americans and nothing but Americans. As we go aside into the spiritual atmosphere of self-sacrificing ratriots from Cris- pus Attucks of the revolution to the last American doushboy of the world war we become almer, our vision clears and we think sanely. U. S. Achievements Lauded. “From the hectic atmosphere o re- cently enshroudins us with its omi- nous portents of cvil we emerge to- day upon heights 7rom which we be- hold the republic in its glorious might and majesty. We gave upon a nation grown from thirteen colonies to forty-eight United States, realise its power for good and its resistance to_evil: seuse its luve of liberty and take pride in its generosity, in its honorable history and in its potential ssources. Hope lightens our path- With these individual thoughts are ready to face again to- morrow the duties and responsibil- ities of citizenship and to think le of our rights and of our prejudices.” Mr. Page declared each American should regard himself as an integral part of the government, and not look upon the government as something apart from the individual, as many Well meaning persons do. Intelligent use of the bailot and respect for law make for righteous freedom and the general weifare, he added. “America, he went on, has the old- est form of government in the sense that it has withstood destructive change longer than any other. Faith In Futare. “But” he observed, “can we expect this happy condition to continue if we become indifferent to assaults upon our constitutional form, to proposed changes in it and to practices outside of it? “One of our statesmen over one hundred vears ago said: ‘A mon- archy is a man-of-war, stanch, iron- ribbed, resistless under full sail, but a single hidden rock can bring her to the bottom. A republic is a raft hard to steer, your feet always wet, but nothing can sink her." “How true this is today. We can take courage, and face our problems unflinchingly, however bad the out- look, knowing that we are on a safe craft even though it i uncomfortable, as we pass through the cross cur- rents into which we have drifted far from our course.” . Songs and Peetry. Although a native of Maryland, Mr. Page said he has been in the service of the House of Representatives for forty-three yvears and felt he could count himself an oldest inhabitant of the District. He said he has wit- nessed Washington grow from a “mud hole” with horse cars to the beautiful city it is today. The' patriotic exercises began with an invocation by Rev. William Curtls ‘White, rector of Christ Church, after which the members joined in reciting “The American's Creed,” which was written by Mr. Page, the orater of the day. Excerpts from the Declaration of Independence were read by Freder- ick L. Fishback. An original poem entitled “If This Country Don’t Suit You, Then Why Hang Around?’ was delivered by John Clagett Proctor, member of the assoolation. Willard S Haynle sang three solos and the en- tire gathering_united in singing patriotic airs Vice President Henry L. Bryan presided. . Following the exercises a lunch- eon was served. New Members Elected. At the business meeting preceding the patriotic exercises the following new members were elected: John F. Woodworth, 506 Rhode lsland ave- nue; R Edward Joyce, 3504 13th street; Louls E. Hoover, 1337 Ver- mont avenue; William S. McCarthy, 3162 18th street; James Duncan Avery, 715 G street southwest, and Dr. Lewis J. Battle, 1401 Kennedy street. Christ Chufch, in which the asso- ciation met today, is almost as old as the nation itself, having been bullt in 1807. The Thirteenth. PARIS.—It is interesting for those who are superstitious about the num- ber thirteen to note that the recent presidential elections in France took place on the thirteenth day of the thirteenth legislature of the republic, and was held on Friday, 3 13 ‘o'clock. 25 TR