Evening Star Newspaper, June 12, 1924, Page 6

‘ ... THURSDAY & pontea vy ra * Training Camp.” THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. — WASHINGTON, D. C. June 12, 1924 Editor THEODORE W. NOYES. The Evening Star Newspaper Company Bustwess Office, 11th St. and \"enw‘.lznl- Ave. Kog Tork office: 110 E.? dnd st. Mee: Tower Bullding, Puropean Ghice: 10 Hieacar ot Loodon, Eogland. o The Eveniog Star, with the Sunday morning edition, 8 deliverca by enrriers within the city at 80 cants per month: daily omly, 45 cents per month: Sunday oniy. 20 cents per month. ~ Orders may he sent by mail or tele. phene Main 7000, Collection is made by car- Fiers at the end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable i Marylaud and Virginia. Daily and Sunday..13r., $8.40; 1 mo., 70¢ Daily only. 15, $6.00 i 1 mo., 50c Sunday oniy..... 15yr., §2.40; L mo., 20¢ All Other States. Daily and Sunday.1 yT., $10.00 : 1 mo., 85¢ Daily only $7.00: 1 mo., 60c $3.0 Sunday only. 0 1 mo., 25¢ Member af the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclngively entith 2o the use fof republication of all news dis: tehes o difed to it or not otherwise credited in this ®p/c and alsn the lpeal news pub I#hed heresn Al “rights of publieation of pecial dicAatches herein are also reserved. —_— Calvin Coolidge. Caivin Coolidge is nominated by the Republican party by a vote that is nearly unanimous. But for the per- sistent opposition of the La Folictte delegates, who have failed to accept «ny of the proceedings in a spirit of party unity, his indorsement would have been by acclamation. It is, how- sver, but a matter of detail and a formal record that this small group held recalcitrant to the end against the plain wish of the party thal the Chief Executive .should lead in the campaign. He is placed in nmomina- tion definitely and confidently by his party. Four years ago Mr. .Coolidge, Gov- ernor of Massachusetts, was a “‘fa- vorite son" of that state, one of those voted for first place in the balloting ‘which culminated in the nomination of Mr. Harding. The party leaders had decided upon another for the vice a Coolidge move- nd hefore the con- managers realized what was the M man had been swung over the line as Hardin “running mate.” Mr. Coolidge pre sided over the Senate with efficiency and precision. He made no deep im- pression upon the public’ mind. He attended strictly to own duties. When Mr. Harding died and he as sumed the office of Presidenf he was tualiy an unknown quantity na- tionally, so few had been the oppor- tunities for a national manifestation of his persomality and his ability. He took the office of Pr ircumstances of difficulty. He bore himself with calmness. Very soon the country realized that a man of powe! of determination. of the strictest ir tegrity had succeeded to the Chief “xecutive office. He inspired confi- dence. When later the storm of scan- dal broke he remained calm and stead- fast. He manifested qualities of statesmanship in the face of a most difficult conszressional situation. He showed high courage in standing steadfastly for principles and right policles in the face of legislative op- position. When it was made known that Mr. Coolidge would be a candidate for the nemination of his party there was en immediate and pronounced re- sponse. In the primaries he was the favorite, save in the one state where e contender who is headed for inde- pendent candidacy himself has par- ticular strength. He has won the nomination on his merits. A platform of principles has been written and vention deing adopted upon which he can squarely | stand and which represents his views of national needs and responsibilities. He goes to the country with a clean record and the high esteem of the people. Flag Day. Flag day comes around again and s another reminder that a year seems to pass quickly. The usual exercises will be held in the schools and among patriotic societies, and the flag will be run up and hung out in thousands of places about the city. The Grand Army of the Republic will celebrate the 147th anniversary of the authori- zation of the flag by Congress, June 14, 1777, and will hold exercises at the Capitol. In all the public schools the anniversary will be observed on _Friday instead of Saturday, the 14th, and exercises in honor of the flag and for the purpose of telling its history will be held in colleges and private schools that are in session. Another cersmony in honor of the day will be beld on the Ellipse, if June will cease to rain, and at that ceremony the wife of the President will awards to winners in the national es- _=ay contest on “Why a Young Man Should Attend a Citizens’ Military Prominent men will speak, there will be singing by a large chorus, and Washington school children, Boy and Girl Scouts and many other associations will take part. The celebration of Flag diy refreshes men's memory in the mat- ter of American history and ‘brings them together to sing and speak of the glories of their country. ————— . ‘The fact that it opened up as a quiet convention was immediately seized upen as something to make a noise abont. No National Representation Plank. The District is once more disap- the failure of the Repub- Jican platform makers to include in the party deliverance a declaration . favorable to national representation for the Washingtonians. There was reason to expect the adoption of such a plank this year. Up to the final point of platform shaping and adop- Hon in committee the Capital's rep- resentatives hoped for its inclusion. It was voted out, but without preju- dice to the principle. At another con- vention, it is indicated, which means four vears hence, the party may go on record in favor of this American principle as applied to the only dis- franchised portion of the continental United States. ‘The District’s demand for national representation is -besed upon even present | stronger considerations this year than four years ago, when a similar effort was made, with the same result. Con- gress has just committed a grievous injustice to the Capital community by wiping out the organic act estab- lishing a ratio of fedéral participation in the expense of maintenance. It imposed a tax increase of one-third upon the_ District. In these proceed- ings Washington was unrepresented. It had no direct volce in the pro- cedure. It was denied a hearing. It was subjected to ruthless treatment in deflance of the basic principles of the American government. Washington's claim for the rights of citizenship is fundamental. It is not a new demand. It has been in | recent years concentrated upon a pro- posal for an amendment to the Con- stitution enabling Congress at its dis- cretion and in its oWwn time to admit the District to representation in House and Senate and in the electoral col- lege; to give it, in short, a voice in legislation affecting it, in the imposi- tion of taxes upon itself and in the selection of the federal Executive. | This is not a partisan question. It | has been the hope that béth parties would go on record in the national platforms to grant this act of justice to the District. The Republican party has not done so. The effort to secure adoption of a national representation plank in the Democratic platform will continue. give these boys an impartial trial in view of the widespread publicity.” This statement is indicative of a disposition to ask for a change of venue. No such move, however, has been made at present. It does not appear that there is any connection between the postponement to August 4, which the court granted, and the belief that a fair trial cannot be had in Cook County. Certainly the lapse of three weeks would not appreciably dull public recollection of the case in the immediate neighborhood of the crime. Nor is it likely that a change to any other jurisdiction would yield a jury less well informed on the case. " This crime has attracted country- wide attention. Feeling has been aroused by it to a high pitch in all the states. The details have been published extensively from coast to coast. Opinions have been expressed on all sides and practically with unahimity. The securing of a jury is certain to be a protracted procedure wherever the trial is held. The delay granted the defense is not so material as to cause public apprehension of a failure of justice. The prosecution itself, according to present indications, will require many days for the presentation of evidence. much of it in anticipation of the plea entered in defense. Wherever held, it is likely that this case will run into the autumn, even if started on the 4th of August. .o The Republican Platform. In its essence the Republican plat- form, adopted yesterday by the Cleve- land convention, is conservative. It contains no startling propositions, no surprising departures from the dec- larations of the party in the past. It | facts, such as the bonus and Japanesc immigration. It meets expectation in its declarations upon the world court and tax revision. One of the points on which curi- osity and Interest were centered in advance was the manner in which the platform would deal with the scandals of administration recently uncovered. On this point the deliv- erance is as nearly satisfactory as | could be expected. The plank is | ehaped on this line: “Dishonesty and corruption are not political attributes. | vestigations have “exposed instanc in both partics of men in public office { who are willing to sell officlal favors | and men out of office who are willing to buy them.” Condemnation of this practice expressed for the ‘“speedy. and impartial prosecution wrongdoers, without regard | litical affiliations or positions. Demend was made upon the piat fearless of all for po. sident in|form writers for a stiff and cxplicit | | declaration for prohibition enforce- { ment. The following paragraph is the | only one that can be construed as a | response: i We must have respect for law. must have observance of law. must have enforcement of law. The very existence of the government de- | pends upon this. No honest govern- | ment can condone such actions on the part of its citizens. The Re- publican party pledges the maintenance of these principles by the enforcement of the Constitution and of all laws. . It would be difficult to make a more specific pledge unless the ecighteenth amendment and the enforcement act were distinctly named. The platform makers have made a more sweeping pledge for ‘law enforcement though the paragraph were written with particular reference to the liquor question. of agriculture the platform contains broad and in some respects particular pledges, claiming that those problems have been given more serious con- sideration under the Republican ad- ministration than ever before. Inas- much as the farmer vote of the north- west is certain to be a vitally im- portant factor in this campaign, it may be that the Democratic deliv- erance on this subject will seek to be more explicit in promises and more emphatic in claiming performances. The farmers are to be courted this year as perhaps never before in Amer- ican political history. If there is anything in priority the Repuablican platform has the advan- tage over the opposition in respect to credit for tax reduction. It clajms as an achievement of the Republican ad- ministration the lowering of the tax burden, the reduction of the debt and the lessening of public expenditure. It pledges progressive reduction of taxes and a comprehensive study of the tax systems of the states and the federal government with a view to more equitable adjustment. Explicit indorsement is given Presi- dent . Coolidge's recommendation of adherence by the United States to the Permanent Court of International Justice. Distinctly the platform re- peats refusal by this government of membership in the league of fiations. QOn these two commitments the party goes to the country. The platform is long, but not dif- ficult of understanding. It is fully suited to the candidacy of Mr. Cool- idge, whose nomination it precedes. Care was taken by Harry Deugh- erty to locate himself so that the con- vention could find him without delay should eny delegate desire to raise questions of a more or less personal natare. ——— Should the Japanese Insist on boy- cotting” Amerjcan motion pictures they will merely deprive themselves of firstrate entertainment that has nothing to do with politics. ——oe Radio trensmission makes the ap- plause audible in a convention hail only a smail fraction of that produced simultaneously through the country. The Chicago Murder Case., Yesterday in Chicago, in bringing to the bar for arraignment the youths indicted for the kidnaping and murder of the Franks boy, the state's attorney asked that the case be set for trial on July 15. Couansel for the defense interposed a request for a later date. They averred that they could not prepare the case by the 15th of July, and one of the attornmeys ex- pressed his doubt whether there was “a man in Cook County who could get into & jury box end say he could b is silent upon certain accomplished | Note is made of the fact that the in- | unqualified and demand is | We | We full | strength of the government for the | than | In its bearing upon the problems | ————— So dignified were the proceedings that the convention was compared.to a church service. The simile ceased, however, before willing campaign donors could entertain a hope that the limit would be taken off the con tribution box. A A telegram from Senator Borah is quoted as asking delegates “'to prompt- Iy withdraw™ his name, if presented. The G. O. P. will rest in calm If it has infinitive verb. . The fact that Secretary Herbert Hoover has a high posijion. which he | fills satisfactorily, has time prevented him from being men | tioned for something clse | —_——— Those who fear this country may | lack leadership should note the con fident preeision with which Mr. Wii- liam Butler directed the convention | program. et It is cvident not only that Senator La P tte has recovered his health | physically, but also that he has been | regarded as fit for the political train- |ing camp. e | “It is always the unexpected that | happens,” £aid a French philosopher. That remark may do for Paris, but not | for Cleveland, Ohio. | —— e Even if Albert Beveridge docs not draw a nomination in the proceed- ings. he can depend on securing new material for en interesting book o= Amid the peychopathic tumul comes the welcome assurance that the Fourth of July will be safe and sane, as usual ————. SHOOTING STARS. BY PEILANDER JOHNSON Apt Quotation. | A tittle piece of poetry comes handy now and then The same as ‘“nonsense,” it “is rel- ished by the best of men.” Humanity is much alike in every land and clime, And has been so from Adam's day down to the present time. ‘We've had the same old pleasures and we've had the same complaints. Society has shown the same ambitions and restraints. The poets who described them in their ancient, vigorous lay Made reference to truths which stand unchanged as-truths today; And every little story that events can now unfold By some philosopher or bard has pe- tjently been told. So wherefore. labpr for & phrase— save one that is exact In setting forth statistics, or a plain, unvarnished fact— When on the shelf are volumes long ago so ably writ, And filled with language that sur- vives because it is most fit, ‘Which may so well be quoted by the voice or by the pen? A little piece of poetry comes handy now and then. ‘World Courting. “What are your ideas about a world court?” “Well,” answered Senator Sorghum, cautiously, “'to start with, I'm in favor of some kind of world court super- vision that'll keep certain titled for- eigners trom courting our rich Ameri- Political Primer. The Elephant's a Playful. Brute. The Donkey’s Frolicsomely Cute. The Public Finds Them Hard to Tame, But Loves Them Dearly, Just the Same. Jud Tunkins seys if the reporters keep on throwing peychoanalysis words at us he's in favor of reviving the epelling schqol. 0ld Song. Litfle @rope of bootleg Cooking on the aly Keep too many regions ‘Wet instead of dry. Insight. “You seem so popular that your friends insist on making you sheriff.” “They're not my friends,” declared Cactus Joe. ‘‘“They're envious neigh- bors. They know mighty well that nobody in the Gulch can be popular angd the sheriff at the same time.” Approval. “You admire pdlitics “I think its influence on the home is wonderful,” replied Miss Cayenne. “I know several women who never ap- plaud their husbands except om occar sions of public oration.” “I don't much keer,” said Uncle Eben, “whether science decides de ‘world is round or fiat, so long as I kin keep myse'f aquare with i£.° no worse split to fear than that of an | not for a long | CONVENTION OBSERVATIONS By far the most thrilling thing about the Cleveland convention Is the mammoth and magnificent Publfc Hall In which it is being held. There is nothing in the country remetely to compare with it. Such places as the Chicago Coliseum and Madison Square Garden are tawdry alongside of it. If Cleveland isn't careful, the great parties may adopt it In perpetuity as the sceme of iaese quadrennial talkfests. Certainly its Public Hall alone is sufficient inducement. Who- ever is responsible for the convention docorative scbeme deserves the con- Eressional medal. There simply isn't any decorative scheme. The hall's vast sweep, unimpeded by a single arch or beam or column anywhere, s allowed to sound its own unadorned decorative note. It's the first con- vention on record that hasn't sat among a sea of flags and_bunting. A giant ecdition of the Stars and Stripes on thegcurtain at the rear of the stage is the only flag In sight. Unfortunately. that effect is marred, and iliegally marred, at that Squarely in the middle of Old Glory, draped chromos of Lincoln, Roosevelt and Harding are hung. * k¥ ¥ As an endurance test Theodore E. Burton's keynote address was a not- able performance. ‘Burton is not a spring chicken. He is hastening to- ward his sevemty-fourth birthday, yet his voice ran@ sonorously through- out the. convention hall from the be- ginning to the end of his speech. The best that can be said of its reception was that it was patiently listened to. | It was an address that reads better | iv)\.‘nn sounded™ but AY\; orator with the Borah | #hould be allowed to Kkevnote for nearly two hours. Burton ix cultured |and courtly. But he is utterly lack ng in power to thrnll With the single exception of his reference to| Coolidge, his recital of the virtues and achievements of failed to arouxe any applause at the cnd and short-lived * % % | Andrew W. Mellon, Secretary of the | Treasury, evolved the first—indeed | the only—dcmonstration of the open- | ing session. When the temporary chairman announced that he would ivecognize Mellon, the mere mention ! of the Pittsburzh banker's name was the signal for applause. As the mod- est, handsome financier reached the | platform. & complete stranger . to | four-fitths of the audience, the ap- | piause turned into & deafening rour fellon is as modest as a girl. He wa vixibly embarrassed. He had asked | for the floor o propose a routine res- olution, but was so shy and stage- frightened that the reading clerk had | o come to the rescue and bawl it out o the convention it Nobody fire of a the G. emations. was desultory P { President Coolidge's two cabinet | babies—Curtis D. Wilbur. Secretary | of the Navy, and Harlan Fiske Stone, | Attorney General, have seats of hon- for on stage in the midst of the national committee. They are total strangers to the del- | egates and to the politicians. Except Secretarics Hughes and Hoover, the |entire Coolidge cabinet is on mol scene. Secretaries Mellon, Wecks and Work and Postmaster General Beuwilders Throughout the eountry the gen-, eral, reaction to the sequel of the Franks kidnaping and murder ap-| | parently is one of bewilderment that | | two youths, brilliant mentally, sur-| rounded from birth with the best that | wealth affords, should so deliberately | | carry out such a brutal crime. Re- | gardless of whether these youths be| | maniacs or criminals, editors agree| that speedy justice should be meted | out to them “Not only Nathan Leopold and | Richard Loeb, confessed slayers of | Robert Franks, will be on trial in the Chicago courts, but our American system of justice will be on trial” in the opinion of the Cincinnat! Times- Star, which feels that “unless the ex- periences of the past have enlighten- ed Chicago courts, we shall have Leo- pold and Loeb retiring to the cloister- ed life of some Juxurious sanatorium, there to await the abatement of pub- | lic opinion when they may emerge at the instance of the same lawyers and physicians.” The Indianapolis News insists “the millions that these col- lege graduates will inherit are not on trial” and “the state of Illinois has an opportunity here to show what simple justice means”; furthermore, “tha presantation of the evidence to a competent jury and the return of a | verdict should not take long, and it noed not be attended by any of the frills that have been suggested as a | part of the case.” The Newark News suzgests “the entire absence of the usual moral inhibitions against crime, which conceivably could gTow out of the entire rejection of responsibility to any power beyond man, alone might explain the cold brutality, the calculating callousness of this mur- der,” but “law cannot palliate guilt on such a basis without throwing down the safeguards of civilization”; therefore, “either as intolerably dan- gerous maniacs or as perverted crim- inals, thess two should be put out of the way permanently—it is up to the law." * x % % The Pittsburgh Gazette-Times agrees “unnecessary delay will be contrary to the interests of public justice. While it is hard “to order capital penalties against those who may be proven mentally irresponsible,” the Grand Rapids Herald argues, “it is a travesty on preventive penology to contemplate the possibility that such intellectual depravity as this case heartlessly involves can find a legal immunity to the law's maximum ret- and “we shall find all of gur theories put to severe test If the Chicago defense proceeds as indi- cated.” In no case, the Sioux City Journal declares, “should the two Chicago murderers be allowed to es- cape punishment for their flendish erlme.” ‘for “this is ome time when Justice should be blind indeed to the position the slayers occupied and to the resources at their command.’ “How to handle this bolshevistic decadence” the Detroit Free Press contends, “is &till an unsolved puzzle, but there is no doubt about what must be done when such products of it as Leopold and Loeb appear—they must be expeditiously and completely eliminated as factors in society. at is essential, according to the Eitimore Sun, i3 that no mawkish ntipentalism, no psychological ex- cuses should be permitted to protect these criminals from the speediest and fullest punishment.” If they manage to get to a comfortable in- lam ribution.” of_receiving whi ievous many 1ei Tum fault somewhere in our lexa. e tare hold that there is a often its the :&}'”ho ncoln State Journal asks, “What is there in the modern life of such young men that turns in so tragic a direction in search of ad- venture?™ The Manchester Union an- swers “somewhere something was wrong _in the tralning of these youths,” '1‘-. post-graduate iversit; md:: can hardly o . | vided BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE New are delegates at large from their respective states, and Secre- tarles Wallace and Davis are in- terested in certain platform planks. * k k% Undoubtedly the women are the new and outstanding note in the 1924 Republigan cnd.nva. More than a hundred of them are delegates, and a8 many more are alternates. It is the first time they have ever sat as convention equals of men. Every- body agrees that the women' pres- ence makes for a cleaner, better groomed and all-around more polits convention. From every standpoint this powwow is more combed and ‘brushed and generally tidy than any of its predecessors. Wayne Wheeler avows and avers that prohibition is responsible. It may be. DouRtless private stocks are on tap in indi- vidual hotel rooms. But inebriety is noticeably and conspicuously absent in the public places of Cleveland this week. * % k * President Harding's best portrait adorns the official convention tick- ete. It is Cleveland’s silent tribute to the last Ohioan which the Buckeye Commonwealth gave the nation. Harding did not want the 1924 con- ventién to be held here. He feared political foes would charge that he desired to pack it In his own inter- est. Coolldge will be nominated on June 12—four years to the day from the date which brought Warren G. Harding immortality. George B. Christian, jr., the late President’s ses ary and bosom friend. is a con- ntion attendant, but not a partici- pant ok x % Senator . Dill of W, ington is at the convention as an innocent by- stander, Dill 1s an Ohioan and when a student at Ohio Wesleyan University a 1o vacation money in Cleveland street car conductor. Later he was a reporter on local newspapers. Dill struck town dur- ing the triennial convention Qf the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engin- eers, and their grand chief, Warren §. Stone, impressed the senator promptly into service for a speech. ¥ % % % “Phil" Campbell of Kansas late chairman of the House committee on rules, official parliamentarian of the convention. His job is to stand near the temporary chairman., and later alongside of the permanent chairman, and sce that they never leave the track of orderly procedure. When the limelight is turned on the platform full force, Campbell’s fa- mous William Pitt forelock and clas- sic cast of countenance stand out in just the sort of relief he intends they Should carn as * ¥ % The Unlon League Club of Youngs- | town, Ohio, in brilliant gold, blue and white costumes of the Continental army period, supplied the one and #1y splash of color when it marched their thres-cornered hats, and pro- siding officer with a gavel. The Youngstownlans had a band and a banner and waving plumes of yellow in their three-cornered hats, and pro- a welcome interlude in a morning otherwise pretty drab and dreary (Copyright. 1924.) 'Chicago’s Fiendish Murder Many Editors failing to realize the consequences of their acts’: however, the real cause “must be found in the conditions un- der which the two managed to arrive at so tragic a misinterpretation of the whole scheme of life. * o %k “Their education may have been rich in an accumulation of facts of the book, but assuredly it was de- ficient on the moral side.” in the opinion of the Buffalo News, which believes “the enduring things of education, which embrace a knowl- edge of right living, one ought to get at home,” for “there are respon- sibilities which parents camnot dele- gate to the schoolmen.” The Mil- waukee Journal claims further that the present day novels which “preach discontent with the clean and well tried things of life, stage and film plays that depict the smartness and attractiveness of criminality are poi- son to the mind of vyouth, and it asks, “Tsn't it about time we began to act?’ The Springfield Republican feels “the lesson that education, in the sense of brilliant achievement in the requirements of & scholastic curriculum, is very far from being the all-sufficient instrument of a healthy civilization is obviously pre- sented Raps Oratory Awards. Witness Ar-guel All Seven Con- testants Earned Cash Prizes. To the Bditor of The Stas Apropos to the oratorical contest last Friday evening in the D. A. R. Hall, kindly allow me a little space in your paper as one of your regu- lar subscribers relative to that event. 1 was present at that memorable contest, the counterpart of which I have never seen or expect to witnei again. A contest by young people so well matched in ability, so evenly balanced to understanding of their subject and imbued with wit to an- alyze and explain, was a rare treat to their elders and an occasion mot soon to be forgotten. But the awarding of the prizes im- pressed me as entirely out of pro- portion, where equality in composi- tion and delivery was so clearly man- ifest. These young people had been vietors in preparatory contests with hundreds, ves, thousands, of their kind, and were selected by competent authorities in thelr several co- gTaphical zones to represent thelr fellow students in the grand contest before a critical audience and emi- nent judges in the Nation's Capital. That they acquitted themselves with wonderful_credit and honor is now history. But, in my opinion, every one of the seven should have received a check instead of three only of the contestants dividing the total amount. The prizes should have been graded down, giving to number one the greatest amount, number two less, and 50 on down to number seven, which, though comparatively smali (not less, say, than a hundred, or little more), would at least ve been an expression of some ap- preciation on- the part of the pro- moters of the contest. The disparity in amounts between the first and sec- ond prizes was far too great and log- ically unfair te number two. It is conceded that in oratorical standing the decision wi proper, but pot proper as to wide margin in amounts between the checks. . Don. Tyler, by virtue of his effective ren- dition, won, but he was not $2,500 the superior of number two, who re- celved but $1,000. Had the total amount been so graded in varying other amounts to each of the seven the contest not only would taken on the aspect of kind consid. eration and appreciation for what the four left-outs had done, but the jin- terest on the of that brilllant dience would have been keyed up to & higher piteh. | has got to be done, biit all the more The North Window BY LEILA MECHLIN There has been a good deal of talk lately with regard to what we could do for art, huw to increase apprecia- tion, to sdvance the interests of the artists, to improve current produc- tion. This is, of course, an important matter, more important than many may realize, for art is a factor in civ- ilization, a measure of culture, and one of the few things which may be regarded as permanent among the many transitory things of life. Ob- viously wd should all do what we can to fallow the fleld in order that the crop, figuratively speaking, shall yield the richest possible harvest. It is a practical, rational and not un- selfish thing to do, inasmuch as it will bring benefit in our time as well as to future generations. But there is another and equally in- teresting aspect of this subject. and one which is purely personai—What can art do for me? Is it something worth striving for, spending for, seek- ing—In short, what benefits accrue through the medium of art to the in- dividual? ¥k ok Some years ago Prof. C. Alfonso Smith, professor of literature at the United States Naval Academy, wrote & book entitled “What Can Literature Do for Me?" which has proved so popular that it has been repeatedly reissued, betwecen 50,000 and 60,000 coples having been sold. In this lit- tle book he makes out an excellent case for literature, showing the tangi- ble value that a knowledge of world literature is to the individual. Can an cqually good case be made for art? Undoubtedly. In the first place, art can open new vistax. Hamilton W. Mable, writing on art, once said: “It is the open win- dow in the workshop.”” Any one work- ing within four walls knows what that means. It provides fresh inter- est, material for thought, for conver- sation, for inquiry. The workingman who has a knowl- edge of art finds pleasure all along the roadway—pleasure in the city streets, pleasure in certain prints in the cheapest of periodicals, pleasure o the shop windows, pleasure in beautifying his own home, for it is art which makes beauty manifest. This love of art is the common pos- session of many, indeed, of the ma- jority of the plain people, the peas- antry of France and Italy, and it is this which gives them jovousness in Jife—familiarity with the works of the masters, sensitiveness to beauty in music, in poetry. in painting and sculpture, in the lesser crafts. The traveler in Europe who has a knowl- edge and love of art gets not 10 but 100 per cemt more pleasure out of travel than thosc to whom art is a closed book. William M. 1vins of the Metropolitan Museum, New York, urges every one to become a print collector, prints being “‘the common- est form of art,” and some great works being produced in this me- dium. Such collecting for the poor man opens avenues of great interest leading no one knows to begin with where. As Otto H. Kahn recently pointed out, the lives of the peopie, of the mass of the people, are “cast upon a background of sameness and routine” —necessarily so. The world's work for this reason we “should open up, should cultivate, should seek to make accessible those fields, those pastures where beauty and inepira- tion may be gathered by all and for all.’ Art he claimed to be a means whereby we could “give our souls airing.” He ascribed “some of t unrest, the unruliness, the transgres- sions even of the day to an impulse of reaction against the. humdrumness and lack of inspirational opportunity of every-day existence.” “Much can be done,” he sald, “by art to give satisfaction to that natural and legit- imate impulse and to lead it into fruitful channels instead of letting it run a misguided or even destructive course.” In other words, art releases the spirit from captivity.” % %8 Art, furthermore, puts one in touch with the past, for the kistory of na- tions is written in their art. In the Boston Museum of Fine Arts there is a head in marble of a Young Greek woman, done in those early centuries which seem to us todsy so remote; but so vital is this work in sculpture that the beholder is instantly brought to realize that those who lived then were indeed as those who live today, and the great era of Greek supremacy becomes not a thing of history, but a page from life. When the tomb of Tut-ankh-Amen was opened those things which were found, works of the artists of that still more remote day. showed the humanness of the life which this ruler of a great people lived. Onc_cannot walk the deserted streets of Pompeii or wander through the Roman Forum without having a vital realization of the past, and the more one knows of art the more sig- nificant these monuments become. * % ok % Another service that art can do for you and for me is to reveal to us more beauty in nature. Corot has showas us through the mediump of his paint- ings the loveliness of the gray wil- lows; Twachtmann has opened our eyes to the beauty found in nature's subtler moods — the snow-enwrapped landscape, the little waterfall; Red- field and Schofield opened our eyes to the dazzling beauty of winter sun- light; Whistler revealed the sym- phonic harmonies of twilight and mist seen from his Chelsea window overlooking the Thames. Nor is this service conflned to the painters of landscape. The revela- tion of character through portraiture is quite as valuable as the interpreta- tion of loveliness in the outdoor world. We learn to know the people of the Renaissance and of later cen- turies in Italy, France, Spain, Flan- ders, Holland and England through the medium of the portraits painted by their great artists. * % ¥ % Furthermore, art can give vou a qharming environment. A knowledge of art is reflected in the design of the home and its turnishings. Art for some reason has long been associated in the minds of many with extrav: gance. but to the contrary it affords the necessary knowledge to make good use of little means. A knowl- edge of 'art leads to a choice of that which is best in design and color, in articles of usefulness. A college pro- fessor omce bought a Chippendale chair and as a result not only had to refurnish his entire house, but was induced to give up his professor- ship and devote his life to lecturing on art through a sincere desire to bring others to an appreciation of what art had come to mean to him. The instant one steps into a home whether or not the owner has a knowledge of art is obvious. The same thing is equally true of dress, for the same principles which govern | the design of the skyscraper or a Gothic cathedral, the production of 2 masterpiece in painting or a great work in sculpture are in lesser degree true of the design of a gown. Art in this way can make you a better citi- zen, because it will show you the desirability of the employment of art in city planning, in obtaining good architecture, and parks well laid out (landscape architecture is only paint- ing with growing thinge, instead of pigments) and you will want ‘to sup- port the best. %k ¥ % Finally, art can provide you with | says that Ohio, Indiana, Iliinois, lowa. iby the monuments in our public a source of untold enjoyment, as Dun- can Phillips admirably sets forth in his delightful book “The Enchant- ment of Art” Those who love art find it more fascinating, more re- warding thea the movies or the radie ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN Q. If amateurs are permitted to play with the professionals in the open golf tournament, why aren't professionals eligible to play in the amateur tournament?—-W. C. S. A. The names of the tournaments are indicative of their character. The “open” is open to all players, pro- vided only the amateurs have a cer- tain prescribed handicap or rating showing their ability, while the “amateur” is limited to non-profes- sionals. The former is intended o show who is the best player of any class, while the latter Is the test of the best amateur. The professionals have a tournament of their own, in which no amateur may play, whose object is to demonstrate the best protessional. Q. What was the last song that Victor Herbert wrote?—E. V. T. A. “A Kiss in the Dark” was his ast published song. Q Why does blond hair turn brown as a child grows older?—G. T. C. A. The bair pigment changes, the fron and sulphur increasing and be- coming more powerful than the mag- nesia. Q. Is “Carmen’ in Spain?—I. C. A A. It could not be said to be a popular one there. Q. How can stamps which are stuck together be taken apart w out losing the mucilage?—W. F. | A. Lay a thin sheet over them and iron with @ hot iron. a popular opera Q. Has the restriction of immi- gration to the United States increased immigration to Canada’—N. L. | A. Large numbers of immigrants from northern Kurope are turning their eyes to Canada for this reason. A direct route from Scandinavia to Canada has been arranged to care for the traffic. Q. Who was the first woman phy- | sician to get her diploma in the TUnited States?—F. R. M. A. Elizabeth Blackwell, who re- ceived her M. D. from Geneva Col- lege in 1849, was the first. Q. Who is the chef at the White House?—-P. S. E. A. Mrs. Martha Mulvey, who came to the mansion during the Taft ad- | ministration, stiil holds the position. Q. What states are included in the | corn belt?—TF. O. R. | A. The Department of Agriculture | Missouri, eastern Kansas, castern Ne. braska, southeastern South Dakota and southwestern Minnesota are in- cluded in the corn belt. In Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, Kentucky and | Tennessee a higher percentage of the crop acreage is in corn than in the |% states of the corn belt proper, and these states are sometimes referred to as the south central corn belt | states. | Q. Pleaze give some information about the massacre of St. Bartholo- | mew.—E. McC. A. This massacre of the Huguenot occurred April 24-25, 15 I eew out of feuds in France between the house of Guise and the Roman Cath- olics on the one hand, the house of Conde and the Huguenots on the other. From the tower of the royal palace the signal was given for the carnival of blood, which lasted sev- Replies on Hessians. Writer Quotes Authorities on Mercenary Troops. To the Editor of The Star: In compliacce with the courteous request of Mr. Oliver L. Spaulding, jr.. in his letter to The Star, June 7, the writer begs to state that his references to Hessian soldiers were obtained from pages 349, 350 and 517, Volume I, of Albert Bernhardt Faust's | “The German Element in the United| States,” published in 1309 by the| Houghton-Mifflin Company. While the historical sketch by Faust admits that mercenary soldiers existed among the Germans from time immemortal, he declares, on page 349, “the Hessians were the victims of the tyranny of their rulers, who soid the lives and services of their subjects to the bighest bidder. The English gov- ernment was at that time the best customer. Large profits were realized by the petty princes who were willing to sell mercenaries for the war in the American colonies, as can be seen by examination of the contracts be- tween the parties on either side, con- tracts which were not kept secret. Hesse-Cassel, in eight years, 959,800, 16,092 men: Brunswick, eight years, £750,000, 5,723 men; Hesse~ Hanau, in eight years, £343,130, 2,422 men; Waldeck, in eight years, £140,- 000, 1,225 men; Anspach-Bayreuth, in seven years, £282,400, 2,353 men; Anhalt-Zerbst, in six vears, £109,120, 1,160 men. Friedrich Kapp, on page 212 of his work, “Des Soldatenhandel Deutscher Fursten nach America,” Berlin, 1874, estimates that, all told. the expense to England for the German merce- nary troops was at least seven million | pounds sterling. The Landgrave of Hessen, for example, in spite of| stupendous extravagance, was able| at his death 1o leave sixty million guldens in the treasury as a result of his barter in human flesh. Mr. Spaulding will find on pages 350 and 351 abstracts furnished by Kapp from a book of regulations giving suggestions to the recruiting officers. It appears that young and vigorous men were always in danger of being kidnaped, but no exception was made for fathers of families or travelers distant from their friends. Men of any station in life were in danger of being {mpressed into the service, as was, for instance, the German trav- eler and poet Scume, who has written a delightful autobiography (“Mein Leben,” 1813), containing his experi- ence as a kidnaped trooper in the Epglish service. As to the morality of the trans- action, we read on page 352: “The greatest of the German princes did not allow his subjects to be sold. Frederick the Great used his influence against the sale of recruits in other German states, and refused to allow mercenaries who were intended for the American service to pass through his domains. He said oh one occa- sion. ~If ihat crown (the English) Svouid give me all the millions possi- ble 1 would not furnish it two small files of my troops to serve against the colonies.” Frederick encouraged France in a war against England for the defense of the colonies, and made promises to do all in his power to prevent the purchase of mnrzn‘o::fles ncroft, Volume V. page 240. B carding o Frederick . Frankiin Schrader, Berlin, in the fall of 1777, suddenly issued an order putting a stop — or the motor car or the dance hall, heightening the enjoyment of these every-day pleasures, but furnishing a means whereby one may obtain greater “thrills” and more complete recreation. To the lover of art few pleasures are comparable to that of discover- ing a masterpiece, or coming in con- tact with the work of one who has had creative genius, who has had a message, and this joy is not for the ich ‘alone, but equally for the poor. It s provided lavishly by the ex- hibits in many of our art museums: it s to be found in some of the build- ings on our streets, not infrequently parke; yes, even now and then in the things to be found in our shop win- dows. All that is necessary is the discerning eye; once seen the treasure is ours forever, and seelng costs noth- eral weeks. Statistics concerning the number of deaths occasioned by the massacre of St. Bartholomew wvary from 2,000 to 100,000. Q. Did Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr fight their duel in New York?—A. H. B. A. Hamilton and Burr had their engagement at Weehawken, N. J July 11,,1804. Q. Is Queen Marie of Rumania musician?—E. P. T. LA Tt is said of her majesty that “she has no equal in Europe at the piano.” Q. How many coileges arc there for the deaf’—H. A. E. A. Gallaudet College in Washing- ton is said to be the only institation of higher education in the worid Jhich s devoted exclusively to the ea Q. I-’X"asf explain what the “waiver route” in base ball is?—J. P. A When a big league ball club Wishes to send a player to the minor leagues it is obliged to obtain from the other clubs in the league a waiver :v}l‘ |h;l!’ rights to the player. This erefore, is cullc Py aiver therst culled the ‘“walver Q. Was Covent Garden eve ¢ ten Convent GardenreC. P, 6. 0 A. Covent Garden is a e i nt G corrupted orm of Convent Garden and. was originally the ot the of Westminster- o oc" ©f the Abbot Q. What was the b : battle of the civil l:d"a—rdflufl {'gvngr A The battle of Gettysburg—dn 1-3. 1863—was probably o hotly contested buge D)y the mos Q. Why does the moon have infiuc on the tides t il es than th A Tid tationa mora e sun’ are caused by 1l of the sun and moo upon the water. The moon. being much cloger, the prin al ca of the tides. EEssretics Q. Was there a real person name: Cyrano de Bergeraci—i. W = A. Savinier Cyrano de B erac was a rench author who was ber in 1619 and who died in 1635. Eq. mund Rostand wrote a drama ir Which de Bergerac was the hero, and the play was in many ways true to . The real de Bergerac was dis Elflnl!h'd for his courage in the field and for the duels he fought These numbered more than a thou and. most of them fought on accoun of his monstrously large nose ) Q. How many Caesars were of the Roman = was ruling —R L T {,\.“'I'hfi name amlly name of the first five Roman emperors. originating in Sertus Julius Caesar, who was a praetor 208 BC. The family became extinct with Nero . and the title acsar’ became wimbly a utle of Augustus Caesar, September, 63 B.C. who diea in au. Bust of the year 14 AD. and T; l:eur;‘,l;s‘r"led during the life of Christ 2 U8 was reigning at the tim: of the birth of Christ. » ©* o Mme (Frederic J. Haskin is om , this paper to handie the tnquies of om readers, and you are invited to call upon him aa freely and as often as you please Ask anything that is o matter of fact and the authority will be quoted you There s no charge for this scrvice. Ask what you want. sign your full name and address, and thelont 5 conts. 1 stamps for return postage. Address Frederin J Haskin, Director, The Star Information Bureau, 21st and C streets northavest ) the gras P Jer whie! was ik to the farther transportation of troops through Prussian territory The effect was considerable delay in the movement of the mercenary troops: some of them wers ordered into” winter quarters and did not start upon their march to the mouth | of the Weser until the end of Febru- ary. 1778, and did not reach Brener- hafen until the latter part of March. as they had to march by a circuii around Prussian territory. On the march of four weeks. they lost sc many men by desertion that of $11 wbo were assembied at the colors February 21, there remained only 4 on March 21, 1778. As a result ¢ this an interval of inaction set in which proved disastrous to the Lng- lish plans of crushing the rebellion at the precise time that the signs of success seemed highly propitious. The interval served Washington's camsr in that it brought him the aid of a man who was sorely needed. Gen. von Steuben. As to the value of his serv ices, consuit “The Story of the Revo lution,” by Henry Cabot Lodge, pase 314 GEOBGE M. KOBLR Traffic Boxes Praised. Flashing of Lights From Silent Policeman Is Dallas Plan. To the Editor of The Star: 1t has been my privilege during t past several months to visit & num ber of cities on business fer the United States government and to have been interested in noting the traff regulations in each New York, with its towers and safety zomes; Chicago, with cops in center of streets and towers on Mich igan boulevard; Cincinnati, police streets with whistles: Boston, police in the center of the street at might Atlanta bas a tower with signals and a policeman at each corner, but what impressed me most was Dallas, Tex where they have a sort of metal box four-sided, suspended on wires in th middle of the street. which displa colors—red, green, vellow. White lines are drawn across the street and painted on_the roadways These boxes are connected with a mafn switchboard at the municipa office and work automatically at stat ed intervals, A policeman is stationed at one o the four corners in the busy ec- tions. The signal bell rings automat- ically and red lights show on the north and south sid: of the signal box, while green lights show on east and west sides. The red lights El?}\ all_ vehicles going north and south and permit pedestrians to cross the street, east and west, and these green 1ights permit vebicles to go in same directions, while pedestrians going north and south are halted until the signal bell rings. Then the lights change, this time the red east and west, green north and south, which is the signal for vehicles and pedes trians to go in these directions. Tt is @ violation of the trafic law for either vehicles or pedestrians disregard the signals. 1 unwittingl stepped off the curb when the bgll was ringing and red light flashed in the direction I wanted to £o. The policeman halted me with the ry i A Say, captain, where do you live? I answered, “Washington, D. C- “Don't you know you are violating our trafic law when the red signal is ghown?’ 1 told him, “No." and he told me how it works. The yellow light was flashed and bell continual- 1y rung to give right of way for fire apparatus or emergency calls for am- bulances. Ufrom what 1 could gather this au- tomatic signaling is working ver) satisfactorily. 1t prevents accidents at crossings, and drivers and pedes- trians are compelled to obey these signals. Texans obey the traffic law 1 had to compliment the officer on the apparent good effect the law bad upon both drivers and walkers. All he said in reply was, “It's a good law,” and I said, “It is » Some such arrangement in Wash- ington would certainly overcome many accidents and possible loss of life. All that is necessary is to com- pel both drivers and walkers to re- spect the signals and govern them- seives accordingly. A few arrests for disobedience would soon com- mand respect, and that respect would reduce accidents, particularly at busy A1 this art can do for you and for me ections. e WILLIAM B. SEVERE. A