Evening Star Newspaper, June 10, 1924, Page 11

THE. EVENING - STAR, WASHINGTON, D. ©., TUESDAY, JUNE 10, 1924. - | Burton, in Keynoté, Extols Coolidge as Leader, Reviews Progress' Under G. O.P. Urges Voters Rally Behind President. Against Congress Honesty and Courage of Chief Executive Have Given Him Pre-eminent Place Among Rulers of World. (Continued from First Page.) which foe, but thought no ill of friend or reposed trust in every one Fulogy for Harding. If 1 may imitate and enla the words of a funeral eulog) by a famous orator. it may be of Harding that if all who gdined inspiration by listening to his cloquent words, cvery one who has felt the warm grasp of his and, the many who sympathy in days of SOrrow. were 1 plant a flower upon his grave a tangled wilderness of flowers would surround his tomb: the snow-white anemone, the blue violet, blossoms of Eolden hue ntest’ red, poppie like those anders field would spread a warment of beauty around. Rest, Wearied Spirit, rest Deace, secure 'in that lasting reme brance which helongs to the immor- tals This conve distinction w in it 4 most notable plac of party mutherings time in a national lion that women Place as dele suffrage voudhsi Constituti as deless emphasis received a from ¥ one unique i will give in the history "his is the first olitical have taken under a right of :d by the federal than 400 are her Iternates, lical departure. re, thrice ) the privileges the has it tion ich their 1tes a to are wel hie welcams Tesponsib wards, of § ©f this the world's foremost Ta In this later day an's sphere has been when al questions such importance and t re more in he finer grace on of women politic. 1 that ities, democ- enlarged, aims of gov the keen are needed carcely need the thirty-six the suffrage ee-fourths be- an column, hody 1 you whic u the the last three wa And n i reg tice at lea e mehalant or su this new duty or vou favored suf- This convention in the istration Record Reviewed. riefly the record of administration. The March, 1 witn 1 a suffering from the colossal world struggle. There disaster upon the land. The with its aftermath of reckless d feverish living, had giver to a dull, hoy inac- tivity as abroad, were indus- ial depression and armies of unem- sl Indesd, 5000000 were seek- dinz none. Formal had not been cstablished with nations with which we had been at war. There was a chilling re of waste which spread blighting influence over every form of admin- istrative office. The demands of a new America had to be met with m and patriotisin fair to say that o long as th reratic pa ontinued in power the war Americas progress on r hahilitation was hardly more satisfactory than that of the ¥uropean countries. But when the Republican party came in. re-estab- lishing naric confidence that its time-tricd capacity for construc- licics and U the country’s serv im1 improvement Democats t even make did The Republic: us survey this Republican ath results T the carcely b year bad passed when a tupn was called. Workmen n tudes ed 1o the shops, peuce was proviaimed. and that sta- bility which is the strength and life ot ions dwelt here fn a measure not enjoved in any other arth. If there is now a sl € activity it is due n our domestic polic other, and to the u Tiurope. But the ples which brought plane can sustain us the door for « more Voremost in ir was the conference for the limitation ©f irmaments in the vears 1921 and 1922 That « pointed the way the mad race for naval 1sion. provided a means of set- t for years to come of ques- 1ions in and around the Pacific Ocean wced the stamp of disapproval upon £ubma assin_of the terrible use warfare. It made open door in China zave to the most pop- countries new grounds | assurance of protection ession. In the path e no gathering has n more notable or more success- Ful than that which convened in our n Washington in an atmosphere of 1l and international co-opera- is kening uncertainties and of ettied state us to & higher still and open plendid future. rnationgl ong and all Debt Redu We not only o the dis- appear uncmployment, but to the creat progress in the payment of ©ur national debt. That debt, which @mounted to neariy $24,000,000,000 on JParch 4. 1921, three vears later had aen reduced by much more tha £2.000.000,000 il can review only briefly the hene- ficial legislation which has been en- Acted during the life of this admin- istration, especially in its first two ears. At an early date the budget system was adopted, introducing order in- stead of confusion and competition in demands for public expenditure, securing economy and providing for The balancing of expenditures and Tevenue, Such a s earnest and unanimous desire of all students of the subject for vears. A Jaw establishing it had been passed by a Republican Congress jn the last Year of the preceding administration, hut it met with a presidential veto The budget in the first year of its operation resulted in a reduction cf $600,000,000 from the estimates of the spending departments. If there is any one thing which is desirable. in our fiscal &ystem, it is that we should stand firmly by the budget in the future. A revenue bill was enacted in 1921 ~which lessened by over $800.000,000 cr year the taxes which would have men collected under the prior law. The revenue bill just passed, though aboanding in defects, very materially @iminishes the burdens of the people and partially or entirely does away with some of the more vexatious taxes. World War Veteran Relfef. A tariff act was passed adapted to ehe situation prevailing since the war and based upon the fundamental ldea that our lahor and our enterprise should not be handicapped by differ- ences between foreign and domestic costs, but with no aim to promote monopoly or extortfon, and with a very usefal provision that in the event any rates proved to be lower or higher than they should be the President, by proclamation, on the advice of the tariff commission. can make necessary changes and adjust- yuents. Contrary to the pessimistic forecasts confidently made by Oppo- nents of this measure, both exports and imports have very substantially increased since its passage. As a Tevenue measure it has amply justi- fied itself, for the customs recelpts in the vear 1923, amounting to the unprecedented sum of $562,000,000, exceeded those from any Democratic tariff ever written by more than $200,000,000. B An act for the funding of forelgn #lebts was passed. These debts rested wipon agreements or obligations has- &ily dzgiin in the stress of war and Natienal point part of the | guiding prin- | aftairs | tem had been the | - | 1and, of his heart, because of a_noble mind | credit, has executed bonds for Lol hoart Daiune ab i H ! | 000,008, o ‘which interest in ¢ upon | amounts have been cxecuted by Fi littered | 1and and Hungary, and aid | that other countries have | settlements. friendly | |Au 1 bureaus in the Vete all alt| I with Germany soon after the present conven- | giving | welcome | and | triumphs and re- | pating in the control | when wom- | hiave assumed | < of human | ies | the coun- | wministration were | Already Eng- proud of her $1,600,- for_the Pay- upon ler o is hoped like lacking definite terms for centuries third time, to ba ments have also | principal, Bonds paid today been made for much sma it will mal | Comprehensive legislation has been | adopted for the veterans of the late war, co-ordinating a great variety of onflicting and inharmonious methods war who are suffering or in want, and for their | dependents, we are and at all times must be ready to make provision even to the last scruple Ald for was @ restoration For the soldiers of the I There of peace office, and the ndly rels with which administration took way was paved for tions with the countrie | we had been at war. Our participa- tion in the creat struggle was not prompted by any hatred of the enemy peoples, hut by the feeling that their rulers, in their overweening ambition, ¢d them astray. Against them— | Germans, Austrians, Hungar all SCherish no feeling of revenge, clcome them back to the great tions, in the hope that after defeat and bitter loss they may enjoy the blessings of a new and bet- ter era. We appropriated $20,000,000 for the starving in an act in which we may we ction, in that it was a declaration to the world that with abounding good will we vere ready to succor the suffering and the destitute, though living un- der a regime inimical to all the tra- ditions of this governmemnt. Our com- passion for the helpless and the mis- erable is not restrained by differ- ences of race or in form of govern- ment We have passed and the President have approved the so-called Rogers bill, placing our diplomatic and con- suldr service, with it~ rapidly in- creasing importance. on_a higher plane and giving opportunities to others than millionaires to occupy more important positions. Japanexe Amity Dexired. The construction of good roads has | aided and stimulated as never before, thus meeting the improved conditions of communica- tions and transit. especially with a W 1o the needs of the farming ion adier means of access ¥ to community and state to state have accomplished nderful resul Two immigration acts have been passed. While we recognize invalu- | able benefits to our country from the infusion of immigrants from other lands who have added variety and strength to our national life, we have | come to realize that the number land- yrd | ing on our shores has been too large for proper assimilation. The so-called melting pot has boiled over. There- fa limitation and selection must be the order of the day It is to be regretted that in the age of the recent bill the request of the President for time for further cotiation with Japan was refused. great nation, with h relations, with rare exceptions been so friendly, we have no but those of admiration and respect. The adoption of policies for the exclusion of Japanese immigrants by no means imp! any claim of their inferiority, but rests upon es- sential differences, notably in stand- ards of living, which render them nconge to our industrial life. It our fervent hope that this reason may be understood, and that these two nations on either side of -the Pacific may banish all causes of fric- tion or misunderstanding and perma- nently cherish sentiments of friend- ship and of peace. Ald Given to Farmers. The condition of agriculture is to- day one of our most perplexing prob- ms, ‘This basic industry, with its road expanse of homes scattered over the farms of the land, has fur- nished a chief reliance in peace and war, for it gives us a stalwart pop- ulation, always ready to respond to the needs of the country, with its tens of millions who adhere to the best traditions of the nation, now and from its very beginnings. We de- plore the depression which rests upon various branches of production. The present situation pertains to certain_staples and is characterized b overproduction in very essential articles of food, by lack of effective demand from abroad for our surplus and by disadvantages arising from keen competition from outlying por- tions of the world. With a sincere desire to render assistance, legisla- tion was adopted In the Sixty-seventh Congress in generous measure. That great Democratic leader, Mr. Bryan, though denying credit to any political party, has stated that the Sixty- seventh Congress accomplished more for the farmer than any Congress for fifty vears. There was an act passed for continuance of the War Finance Corporation, and nearly $300,000,000 were advanced to farming communi- ties; an emergency tariff act on lead- ing’ grain and other products was adopted; legislation was enacted in a so-called packers' bill to protect the rights of the stock raiser, also one limiting dealings tn grain futares to prevent the farmer fromn being the victim of manipulation; twenty-five additional millions were adzanced for the Federal Farm Loan Board: an agricultural credit act was passed at the end of the Sixty-seventh Con- | | | | | gress providing for both pubtic and private agencies to aid the farmer in securing credit, stressing, perhaps, too much tho heed of facilities for horrowing, but still far-reaching In ts provisions. A co-operative market- ing act was passed, a beginning in the furtherance of methods for or- ganization and distribution, which, it is hoped, will place the farmer in the enjoyment of the same advan- tages in narrowing the gap between the producer and the consumer as those enjoved in other branches of endeavor. It cannot be too strongly emphasized that in this direction there surely lies the most encous ing prospect for bettering the condi- tion of the agricultural interests of the country. A private corporation with $10,000,000 capital was organ- ized at the instance of the adminis- tration and has rendered substantial aid ta the farmers of the northwest. Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Waterway. The Republican party has shown its willingness to extend liberality to the last degree in the enactment of legislation which will aid the farmer, but it cannot respond to impracti- cable " theories or accept measures which will only aggravate the situa- tion. Any artificial stimulus to prices which are depressed by irresistible causes can only postpone the evil day and add to the distress.’ Inexorable laws demand decrensed acreage In certain_staple products and a wider diversification. Numerous remedies proposed for relief fail utterly when subjected to careful analysis. If I were to follow the appealing de- mands of my awn feelings, 1 would say grant tens of milllons for farm relief, but no legislation or subven- tiong from the Treasury can be effec- tive to meet the case, It is a condi- tion which is world-wide, due to the sharp reaction from the unprece dented demands for agricultural products which lasted during the world war and for a time thereafter. Prices are now out of line with those of many of the commodities which the farmer must buy, but so sure as the ingvitable laws of supply and are operative this relation chany and e time Then condltions will b Feversea and. the course of mignflohbeween city Bureau. | | met demand for | :xlnd farm will experience a . fFevolu- on. A most substantial benefit would e confeired upon the farmers by the construction of the Great lakes-St Lawrence waterway, thereby opening up a new transportation outlet for the agricultural products of a very extended area. Material benefit would also be gained by the more adequate improvement and utilization of divers interior waterways, though here, as elsewhere, these improvements should be carefully limited to such as are capable of profitable development. Now, as always, pork-barrel appro- priations should be sedulously avoided. Labor Bemefited. A readjustment of freight rates and a cons ation of existing agen- cles of transportation afford promise of aid. President Harding and his advisers labcred incessantly for the abolition of long hours and the seven-day week in the stcel industry and other trades. He called industrial and labor leade into con Almost on the ve day of his death his efforts we crowned with success, and happy in- deed would he have been If he could have witnessed the complete accom- plishment of his hopes. Labor his been especially bene- fited by the restrict immigration law. This Republican administration brought the country out of the depths of depression. The great mass of employes find their chiefest benefit in “steady employment and those prosperous times which make high wages possible. Congress has voted to submit a constitutional amendment giving ade- quate authority to legislate against the employment of child labor. A bill for the continuance of plans for the rehabilitation of workers di. bled in industry, an effort which has with very great success, has r cently passed the House af Repre- seniatives. The wellbeing of labo the happiness of millions of workers are inextricably interwoven with the prosperity of the people. No separate or antagonistic road can be traversed by those who toil or by those who employ. The couatry's prosperity is the prosperity of each and of all. Public Economy Commended. Among the pending Issues of the day economy in public expenditures and reduction of taxation must as- sume the utmost importance. The federal government, states and com- munities have been engaging in a riot_of lavish expenditure, attended by mounting indebtedness. The bur- den of greatly increased taxation must shackle enterprise and diminish employment. It adds almost crush- ing weight to the cost of living and closes the doors of opportunity. Ex- cessive public expenditures create a fatal example, stimulating prodigal- ity and waste among all the people in_every form of activity. Public economy promotes individual initia- tive and prevents that reliance upon paternalistic government which weak- ens the morale of any people and brings with it the depressing rule of bureaucracy As an illustration of present con- ditions, the per capita expenses of the United States government in the fiscal year of 1910 were $7.74; in 1919, the year of the peak of cxpenses, they were $178.54. and for the last year they were $33.44, more than fourfold those of 1910. So phenome- nal an increase must arouse the at- tention of every patriotic citizen. It is not at all probable that any rates will be increased or new taxes im- posed, but the recent revenue law is not the last word To secure these most desirable ob- jects of economy an active campaign of education must be conducted simi- lar to that in the free-silver contest of 1896. There are certain persistent fallacics which must be dispelled One of them results in thoughtidss- ness or indifference to the evils of swollen taxation. Another is that the final burden of public levies rests upon those who first make payments to the tax collector. On the contrary, th. general tendency of all taxation i to diffuse itself upon all con- sumers, whether taxpayers or not, with considerable additions as the burden is passed along. High Surtaxes Assailed. Still another fallacy is a prevalent opinion that excessive surtaxes are desirable and result in larger reve- nue. That excessive rates are not helpful under ordinary circumstances can readily be demonstrated, but this is startlingly true so long as invest- ments {n tax-exempt securities are possible. As a proof of the futility of these high rates, it is to be noted that in 1916, when the total surtaxes were $121,900,000 and the highest rate 13 per cent, $81,400,000 of these taxes were collected from incomes in excess of $300.000; but in 1921, when surtax collections were $411,300,000, over three times as great, under a maximum rate of 65 per cenf, the collections from incomes of $300,000 and over were only about $3,000,000 more than in 1916, or $84,700,000. 'No one here will advocate a system which would relieve wealth from paving its proper share, but careful thinking will show the absurdity of the present rates, entirely justifi- able in time of war, but not in time of peace. The demagogue may say to the un- thinking, “See how we are taxing the rich,” and then in a soft aside say to the ‘great capitalist, “How excellent an avenue of escape we are providing for you.” The indirect effect of high surtaxes in withholding funds from such investments as would quicken industrial expansion is even more se- rious than the diminishing revenue. Present problems of revenue and ex- penditure are so cammanding In im- portance as to eall into action the highest sentiments of patriotism, for economy in expenditures and a ra- tional fiscal system are alike essen- tial for the prosperity and for the happiness of the people. Conservation of Rewmources Urged. The federal reserve system. which serves as a bulwark In the financial lite of the nation and was so helpful during the war, should be left alone. It should be free from the touch of the political spoilsman, and all its operations should be managed for the accomplishment of the excellent pur- poses for which it was Intended. The Republican party stands now. always, firmly for law enforce- ent. Laws are not to be observed merely by those who favored their enactment, but by every ome in this broad land. Disregard of existing enactments breeds disrespect and dis- order and even tends to anarchy. Furthermore, hasty changes in exist- ing laws or regulations cannot be approved. 1If that were the case, all our policies would be like the shift ing sands of the sea, which are scat- tered by wind and wave. The frizhtful crimes of lynch law have shown some decrease in recent years, but it is for us to make every effort to remove this disgracefal blot upon our civilization. There is absolute necessity for an intelligent poljcy of conservation of our natural resources for the preven- tion. of waste and of the even more dangerous evils of monopoly. Let us have no lack of vision fpr the future. This means a conservation of our forests, of our water power, of our minerals, of our coal and our oil, of the fish 'of the sea and the birds of the air. No hundred-year franchises should be given, nor should any grant be made of that which the nation should reserve for its future protec- on. Favors Inauguration Date Change. ‘We have abhorred war, and never more than now. But if again that ‘which we deplore should happen and we should be involved in another deadly conflict, let us establish a sys- tem which will mobilize all our re- sources for victory. We cannot af- ford to allow the slacker to shirk his duty or give the profiteers an op- portunity to pile up fortunas when those who stand for patriotism are suffering and dylng. We must es- tablish the great ideal that In the emergency of war every agency of industry and commerce, our man power and the activities of men and women should be such as to accom- plish the single purpo country from dang Harding spoke eloquen: augural address in behalf of such a plan. have recen Sy By compensation bill providing for pald- DELIVERS G. O. P. KEYNOTE SPEECH /7005 Emwavc THEODORE E. BURTON. ) up insurance policies to soldlers of the late war. While recognizing the inestimable debt which the country owes to those who fought in the bloody contest in 1917 and 1918, and with satisfaction in the thought that for insurance, for the care of the in- jured and the sick, and for their training and betterment we are ex- pending an amount which in one year reached almost $450,000,000, there was a substantial minority in Congress who sought to sustain the President. But the bonus act is now the law of the land. Conditions cre- ated by it must be met and its provi- sions must be willingly accepted. A constitutional amendment has ssed the Sepate providing for the heginning of the terms of the Presi dent and of members of Congres: early in the January following the November election. ~ There is, cer- tainly an incongruity in the present interval between election and induc- tion into office. This lengthy period was based upon conditions existing in the century before the last, when means of communication were 50 lim- ited. Under the law as it now stands it would be possible for an outgoing administration, prior to the 4th of March, to prevent or very seriously impede its successor from accom- plishing the purposes for which the people elected it. President McKin- ley advocated this change in his in- augural of 1897 Business-Government Relationship. One urgent reform demanded is that the President be relieved of part of his most exacting duties. A con- stitution of iron can hardly bear up under the strain imposed upon the ief Magistrate. There could be no more practical step in accomplishing this than to diminish the demands upon his time for the settlement of questions of ‘patronage. This great ‘framework of government was not devised for the dispensation of the flesh pots of office. The mighty problems of a nation in its foreign and domestic affairs, the decision of which mugt brink weal or woe to tens of millions, are enough to ab- sorb the attention of any statesman, Nor is the distracting influence of patronage confined to the executive department alone. Legislators whose time could be more profitably em- ploved in the making of laws and establishing policies for the nation lose much of their time and subject themselves to constant irritation from the same source. An extension of the merit system is urgently needed, and this is especially true in view of the enormous increase of federal employes. 1In the relation of the economic ac- tivities of the people to their govern- ment three methods are possible. Control of Trusta. 1. The old and now discarded theory of giving to private initiative free and untrammeled play, laisses faire, as it is called. 2. The control and management of a central government with all the incldents of public ownership and operation. To this there must be a fatal objection. for it would threaten the rule of bureaucracy, with its deadening influence and interfersnce in every home, and the destruction of that personal Initiative which with restless energy has unchained the wheels of progress and given our country its foremost gosition. 3. A'third and more rational course presents itself in sane regulation, based upon wise legistation and ad- ministration, repressing the power of great corporations or combinations of any ‘type, which else might threaten to overshadow the state it- self, and with equal care guarding against the evils of unrestrained com- petition, Let us secure for every individual the ETeatest possible equality of op portunity and leave to the states and minor palitical divisions a broad fleld of activity in their proper sphere. Thus we shall avoid an unwieldy central government in constant dan- Zer of toppling over. We shall pre- vent state boundaries from becoming mere vanishing traces on the map, and avold the dangers of disaster which have beset many nations smaller and with problems less com- plex than our own. Bloe Tactics Rapped. In every era conditions and facts of surpassing importance must be recognized which stand out_like headiands in the landscape. Today the most important conditions are those created by the war or em, sized by it. That terrible convulsion left the world disjointed in all its activities—soclal, political and -eco- nomic. War always has a brutalis- ing effect, and this great piragete, along with a most splendid exhibi- tion of heroism, brought into play sordid motives, the demoralization from which has cast shadows which will rest on the world for years to come. Again we are in the midst of an unparalleled material development which, begeficial as it 1s, threatens a lowering of moral and spiritual :lnnam-. the true grandeur of na- ons. This is an age of whirlwind speed, of luxury and the pursuit of pleasure. New inventions and fresh diversions chain attentjon every hour. In an atmopshere of excitement and hurry there is danger of a lack of élear- ness of vision lfd fairness in judg- ment on most lmportant issues of the day. }nflflaflnu in the mfi formance of public duties rests like a blight upon the body politic. In nothing 1s the effect of existing con- ditlons more manifest than in disre- gard of the 'F:m'fll obligations of the citizen. e proportion of elec- tors who take an active interest, especially in preliminary contests, was never ‘o small. When such in- difference exists unwholesom individual or sectional interests. Swarms of lobbyists infest every cap- ital, seeking the promotion of some special interest with callous disre- gard of that paramount benefit, the general welfare. Not merely by veiled threats, but with brutal de- mands, they threaten candidates and political parties with defeat unless their wishes are complied with. These demands are so persistent that re- fusal arouses opposition against the administration or party in power, so that now the strongest force in political contests is the reaction against those who have responsibil- ity in shapinig governmental policies, though the “outs,” or those in oppo- sitin, would be compelied to take the same unyielding stand if they were intrusted with authority. It is easier to eriticize than to construct; far casier to promise than to perform. The propagandist is everywhere— would that their numbers might di- minish!—and so partisan is he that arguments favorable to his cause are eagerly accepted as heaven-born in- junctions, while opposing arguments are treated as emanations from the depraved. Under the cloak of pa- triotism irrational agitation based upon hypocrisy or ignoranae some- times displaces reason and truth “Oh, that there might 'mongst Propagandists be A duty on hypocrisy, A tax on humbug, An ifpost on dreary platitudes, A stamp athwart the mouth Of every one that ranted.” Patromage Hit. Never more than now have there been such insistent demands for spe- cial advantages, privileges of every nature, bonuses, pensions, increased salaries—some of which are well de- served—new bureaus with troops of officials, and relief measures, as they are called. All these are based upon the erroncous idea that our govern- t is a paternalistio institution £ out favors without stint to_all comers who can muster votes. The tendency is to impose burdens too heavy to bear upon the ordinary citi- zen, “the forgotten man.’ who, toil- ing’ quietly at home, seeks no favors, but only asks the friendly protection of a government which is just and fair. If this tendency is not checked we shall become a people abounding in_ preferred classes, the burden of whose privileges must rest with crushing weight upon the great body of our citizenship. It is necessary for us to meet this present situation with & clarion call to all to think more of duties and less of rights and privileges, more of duties to the state and to humanity. Distrust of Government Protested. Speaking of all good and thought- ful citizens of every political creed, 1 must enter a solemn protest against the impression, recently created, that there is widespread corruption in the government at Washington. It is true that out of all the investiga- tions, pursued In every direction, there have been exposed to the scorn of the country instances of bribery and dishonesty on the part gf public officials, and of cupidity and over- reaching on the part of thoss who are ready to use their opportunities to debauch those in office. It is true that the whole world was shell- shocked by the war and has not yet recovered its equilibrium;: that the effect of this great conflict, with its convulsions and changes, its untried and stupendous problems, has tem- porarily weakened the moral fiber of humanity and diminished here and there that high regard for the dic- tates of loyalty and honesty in pub- lic and private station which has ever been the ideal of the nation. Violent changes have, brought to light unworthy_motives and a grasp- ing avarice. But the heart of the American people is sound, and the gross influences that accompany and Lollow cvery war will pass away. Our highest duty in the midst of all these rumors of iniquity is to punish the guilty, but at the same time con- demn exaggeration and protect the innacent. It is an infamous crime to seek to destroy the confidence of the Ameri- can people in the government under which they live. There is no criminal whom any investigation could expose who is more false- to decency and honor than the man who would be- smirch the name of hon citizens or distort the truth for partisan ad. vantage' or personal explol . is a most grievous wrong to brosd- cast to tke nation and to the world the mouthings of criminals and slan- derers who would seek to scatter the slime of their own imaginations and hatreds. Among the thousands of public servants in Washington, in legislative halls, in administrative po-' sitions, in all the complicated ma- chinery of the government, it was never true, and it is not true today, that there is any considerable num- ber recreant to their trust. The vast majority of public officials, from the highest in the land to the humblest clerk in any department, are working honestly and faithfully for the public good. It is time to call a halt upon indiscriminate seandolmonger- ing, which is largely designed to in- sult the intelligence and undermine the patriotism of the American peo- ple. But let us not be misunderstood. This is no reflection upon any inves- tigator who in good faith is seeking to expose crime or any other dere- liction among public servants. The guilty individual, whether he be high or low, Democraf or Republican, must suffer the asverest punishment. Upon this proposition the Republican party stands firm as a rock. Yet let it be known ' that guilt knows no party. Those who seek to bring malign in- fluences upon public servants make no political distinction, either in the officials whom they approach or in the lawyers whom they hire. Third Party Move Hit. Lt a8 take & Tiew ot_this an atwo- sphers of suspicion and distrust and Promy manifestations of dishonesty we mgy. confidently belleve that the country Is emerging, and we may be sure that it will yet respond to those nobler instincts to which Lincoln ap- pealed and to the causes to which the patriotic and the good must al- ways repair. I would that I could say as much for the courage of all public men as for their honesty. There is no lack of wisdom, of patriotism, or of de- sire to serve the people, but courage to stand up against hasty conclusions and currents of superficial public opinion is often absent. The public fancy is sometimes caught by those who are most vociferous and at the same time most radically wrong. There are too many that listen to these voices and try the Impossible contortion of keeping both ears to the ground and listening to notes to Which their ears should be deaf. ‘What is most needed in legislative balls and elsewhere Is courage to withstand the sudden spasms which are created by groundless rumor or injudicious agitation. Candidates for office often fail to realize how much the people respect courage and com- mon honexty. A tendency toward _third-party movements is manifest wherever par- liamentary government exists. This has been true in most of the coun- tries of continental Burope for years The effeot is inevitably demoraiizing, involving failure in constructive poli- cies and oftentimes control by a minority or a combination of minori- ties. The whole theory of orderly and effective parliamentary govern- ment demands that the people divide into two parties on outstanding ques- tions of supreme importance, thus forming political organizations based upon certain fundamental principles, while minor considerations are rele- gated to a secondary position. If we should tread the path which so many other countries have trod with disastrous results, inefliciency and confuslon would be the outcome and there would be an expression, not of the majority will, but of 4he will of groups and of sections. Confidence in Coolidge. The word “Republican” is not a mere name; it is not a label which any ome can wear; it is not a cloak for individual vagaries, The strength and usefulness of the Republican party must depend on the mainte- nance of enduring principles, in the advocacy of which triumph can only be secured by party solidarity and an organization whose members unite in closed formation to do battle to every foe. Much of the blame which is visited upon Republicans in the present Con- gress s not deserved, because on many major questions their party has not commanded a majfority in either branch. Let us not for a min- ute forget the importance of a Re- publican majority in the next Con- gress, made up of members tricd and true, who will stand united. With some disappointment as one whose public service has been in a legislative position, truth compels me to say that by far the greater share of our citizenship looks to President Coolidge rather than to Congress for leadership. The *people—and all the people— have confidence in Calvin Coolidg! It is a time when there is a hunger for simple, robust virtues, for a lead- ership which shall he based on no cheap or selfish motives. In the great array of rulers, kings and prime min- isters intrusted with power there is none who can surpass him in honesty of purpose, in courage, or in high devotion to the welfare of his country. As a candidate for the presidency, and this in the midst of temptations stronger than those by which the angels fell, he has shown no truc- Kling, no scheming for votes, but has gone calmly and steadily on his way, unaffected by the lure of expediency or the promise of success. Dawes Commisaion Cited. ‘The mountains of Vermont, with their green summits, encircled his esarly bovhood and gave direction to that stalwart character of which there have been so many illustrations in the rural life of “America. In every station to which he has been called it may be said of him that— “Wearing the white flower of blameless life, Before a thousand peering little- nesses, and In that flerce light upon all In high pesition and blackens every iot, Hs has performed everv duty and merited no reproach. Our foreign relations are assum- ing an_importance never known be- fore. We are by no means lackirg in interest in what is happening in the rest of the world, nor are we un- willing to co-operate in the mos friendly way with less fortunate na. tions. It was our conception that American experts in finance and eco- nomics, neutral in spirit but keenl interested in aiding other countrie: should join in a non-political confer- ence for the settlement of the trou- blesome problems of reparations, a settlement which would promote the cause of peace and lead to sounder financlal conditions and better trade relations in Europe. It was at the suggestion of our qwn Secretary of State and of President Coolidge that the Dawes commission was convened. We await the result with earne:si hope that the clash of conflicting in- which beats terests may cease and that the spirit of repulsion and revenge may w» abated. What would happen in caie of fallure we dread to contemplate. Whenever the varfous nations can agree, whenever they are willing to look to the future rather than to the past, America’'s ald will be given without stint and our boundless re- sources will be available in the way of loans for their rehabilitation and development. But the beginnings of peace must be in Europe itself. No nation of the new world can solve the problems of the old. It is necessary that a calmer spirit prevail, that peace and not power be the goal, and that co-opera- tions, based on the consciousness of common interests akin to that which exists among the forty-eight states of the American Union, should be recogmized as essential. Unfortu- nately, that which seems to be most desired in the settlement of discor- dant claims in Europe is not an im- partial friend, but a partisan ally. Versailles Action Flayed. It is to be regretted that the treaty of Versailles was framed at a time when the very natural desire for punishment was still a_dominating thought in the minds of the allies. Imperialistio ambitions were clearly in evidence. Long-standing animosi- ties, intensified by the horrors of war, had not been stiiled. Although the covenant of the leagus of nations was made a part of this treaty, mevertheless at’ the very outset the organization was handicapped and its prospective use- fulness most seriously impaired. An instrument designed to secure peace should never have been made a part of a treaty bristling all over with provisions for punishment and for the dominance of the victors. Two objects so inconsistent cannot stand together. It is partly for this reason that developments sinoe the treaty was signed have not been favorable to the effectiveness or usefulness of the league in larger matters. It has not been able to settle any of the rru: qg:fl:;sr. Phuar;.n- the abate- ment of 'y expenditure and for Teduction of armies have - Falled, Smaller nations have not been treated on terms of equality. It was well said by Gen. Smuts, one of the lead- ing proponents of the covenant, that over some provisions of the treaty the sponge of oblivion might well be Ve have retased to § ‘e have re join the league of nations, and this is in full accord ‘with the wishes of the vast majority of the American people, as I belfeve. As one, however, who favored our entrance into that organization with roper reservations, I may speak of t dispassionately. ‘A méeting of the representatives of various nations around & table for the adjustment of differences and securing a common viewpoint is a splendid conception. We welcome whatever of good may be accomplished by the league, and we recognise that in humanitarian asd mon-poll! u&w ac complished some of these itles we have m‘.,ffl'.“ Wil no doubt in the future. But this does not mean that we should assume membership. We are still confronted with the fact that Kurope has a system of offen- sive and defensive alliances which are entirely alien to our most cher- ished policies. Our traditions and our hopes are widely different. We cannot relinquish that independence which is the natural result of our detached position. So long as the league remains a political body, in- evitably dominated by the larger na- tions of Europe, poisoned with the tradition of age-long animosities, membership is not for us. Another Arms Conference. I think, however, 1 speak the sen- timent of the people in saying that we are ready to join in any confer- ence the aim of which is to limit armaments or banish wars. We are indeed the friends of all. We covet none of their territory and harbor no Jewlousies of their progress. The con- ference for limitation of armaments at Washington was more successful than any attempt In this direction for many yvears, because it was far removed from the rivalries of rope, because its aims were clear- cut, definite _and generous. When the' time is ripe, President Coolidge has promised that another confe ence shall be called to meet at Was},- ington. But with the question “f reparations still unsettled, with bit- ter animositiex between the victors and the vanquished in Europe still alive and burning, we can have little hope that our intervention, still less our membership in the league, would aid. We cannot enter a conference in which the main request will be to release the obligations of foreign countries to us in the way of debts contracted, for if I can judge cor- rectly of the sentiment of the Ame can people they are opposed to a r lease of these obligations. Our hopes are that the recommendations of the Dawes commission will be accepted and that there will be a profound re- action.in Europe against the enmity and strife which have survived since the peace. In a conference called when these objects have been ac- complished, may we not trust that with America’s leadership there will be a more settled world, an abiding desire to secure the peaceable ad- justment of disputes between nations and to introduce a better order in which international law and mutual co-operation will everywhere prevail What can be accomplished where age-old animosities and recollections of a bitter pwst do not occupy the center of the picture i well illus- trated by the part played by this a ministration in the framing of a treaty in which sixteen nations of the new world have joined, each promising all the rest that the sword shall not be taken up until after com- missions of inquiry have been chosen and full opportunity given to adjust their controversies without collision or the threat of war. This was a more forward step than any ever yet taken in securing peace in the west- ern hemisphere. The new world, in its peaceful attitude and promise of permanent good will, is a shining ex- ample for the old. World Court Recommended. Let me earnestly recommend par- ticipation in the world court now functfoning at The Hague. The league of nations is political, and the action of the representatives of the respective members must be taken according to directions from the chancelleries at home. The court, on the other hand, is judicial, and the august judges feceive dictation from no one. Our attention should be called to the fact that this court is essentially an American idea, and, more than that, a Republican idea. Our own Elihu Burritt, the “learned blacksmith,” nearly 100 years ago argued for it on both sides of the At- lantic. A more substantial step was taken when Secretary Hay, in giving instructions to our delegates to The Hague conference in 1899, set forth in the serongest language the fxr- reaching benefits of such a tribunal and directed our representatives to advocate it before that body. 1In 1907 Socretary Root again gave instruc- tions to our delegates to support the proposition. Such a court was spe- cifically indorsed in the Republican platforms of 1912 and 1916, and at least impliedly in others. Both Presi- dents Roosevelt and Taft advocated it. The late President Harding, on the stump in 1920, stated his un- gualified indorsement of the court. The plan for adherence to a tribunai now functioning and rendering most satisfactory decisions is one which must have the strongest possible ap- peal for us. It must be remembered, also, that fifty-four nations are mem- bers of the league, and that most of them adbered to the separate protocol for the court. It is not for us to as- sert that the league is a wicked in- stitution, and in any case the provi- sions set forth in the protocol for the court itself remove it from any domination on the part of that body. The reservations which were made a condition of joining the court by President Tarding and Secretary Hughes, whose action has since been approved by President Coolidge, make it certain that our adherence will not involve us in the leagne. These are sufficient safezuards and reserva- tions to prctect our own interests, and they do not affect the great pur- poses of the court. The Republican in_accord with its expressed should make every effort promptly to establish our member- snig. in this great tribunal Many New Problems. OtlLer issues might well be touched, but the tima would fail me. The strength and grandeur of our coun- try in the future can only be at- tained and our mission in the world can only be fulfilied by constructive accomplishments which will meet the demands of an era in which new problems are crowding upon us with maddening rapidity. In international affairs let us re- member that a chastened world can- not he lifted out of the depths of suffering and sorrow by the selfish insistence of any nation upon the ac- ceptance of a maximum of its clatms. That conception was banished from the earth when ambitious monarchs desiring absolute sway were driven from their thrones. Some ambitions must be relinquished to secure the igw=er benefits of International co- operation. A spirit of aoncession and of regard for every people, great or small, near or remote, must dictate the policies of statesmen everywhere. If this is a new rule in foreign af- fairs, let America proclaim it. In our domestic concerns let it be known that the people take stock of individual conduct as never before. Admiration no longer rests so much upon the triumphs of success and power as upon devoted service to country and humanity. For the glad accomplishments of these most noble aims at home and abroad the nation looks to the Re- publican party. Confident of Victery. Just seventy years ago this was a sm: but gallant band, actuated by the highest ideals. Then, in 1856, a multitude, defeated but alive and un- daunted. ‘Next a mighty conquering host, which through a iong tract ol years shaped and guided the des- tinfes of this republic, leading it al- avays to new heights of greatness and renown. History has recorded no party or- ganization whose achievements can compare with ours. In its trium- phant course it has stood unshaken for the Union and the Constitution. It removed the curse of slayery, re- sisted repudiation and powerful ‘cur- rents of opinion which “threatened folly in our economic life, and has upheld the rights of all, however humble. In _every ' emergency, in days that were dark as well as those that were bright, it has been a pafty n!’ I;mmi vision, full of hope and of faith. The past at least is secure. In the future there is no lamp to guide so safe as that of experience and his. tory, and the people will surely re- pose their trust in those principles and in that party organization which has played so per-eminent a part in the upbuilding of the nation and in the prosperity and happiness of all its citizens. ‘Thus we may be confi- dent _that when the ballots are cast in_November in numbers like the falling leave of autumn this nation will bolleol é.n“m ‘Coog‘n with a Republican Congrpss an crown our efforts with victory, 8- saring a yet mors splendid future of progress and of peace. PLATFORM DESIGNED * TO PREVENT SPLITS Is Conciliatory Document, Cool- idgesque in Everything Ex- cept in Its Length. HAS KEPT COMMITTEE BUSY Is Product of Warren, Smoot and President Working Together. BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. CONVENTION HALLS Cleveland, Ohlo, June 10.—With its organiza- tion effected the Republican national convention s putting the finishing touches to the platform on which | Calvin Coolidge will go to the coun- try. Little has been said or heard at Cleveland about the platform, but the Coolidge management is engaged in deep heart searching over it. Until vesterday it was practically forgot- ten, in the midst of still unsolved mystery over the vice presidential candidate. Now that that Gordian kuot is about to be cut—the next twenty-four hours, or less, will un- ravel it—the convention is giving serious heed to the set of principles by which the Cleveland ticket fs to stand or fall. T Charles B. Warren, ambassador to Mexico, and chairman of the commit- tee on resolutions, is in charge of the big blue pencil with which the plat- form is being editted into final shape. The long-distance telephone be- tween Warren's hotel room and the President’s office in the White House is also playing a prominent role in the process of hewing the manifesto into the form it will eventually have. Platform Coolldgesque. It will be a Coolidgesque document in everything but length, measured fy the Presidents passion for terse- ness, for, as tantalizingly waved in the face of this writer by the reso- lutions chairman late last night, it runs to twenty-five typewritten pages This represents a total of at least 6.000 words. The pages are liberally interlarded with insertions and de- Jetions. It is apparent that the orig- inal product has been added to and subtracted from at a great number of points. Mr. Warren suggested that the modification stage was by no means passed. The White House telephone will buzz often between now and the hour on Wednesday when the suave diplomat from Detroit takes the plat- form in Convention Hall to submit the finished article. Warren's chief coadjutor in polishing off the plat- form and removing the rough corners is that veteran G. O. P. handy man, Senator Reed Smoot of Utah. Smoot was closeted with the ambassador for hours last night. His activities indi- cate that, while the senatorial old guard is palpably in eclipse at Cleve- land, it is not entirely snuffed out. Treat Platform Lightly. This Coolidge love feast, technical- ly known as the Republican national convention, in solemn fact doesn't care a Boston bean about the plat- form. It rather thinks that placing him on one of the old-fashioned pride-- pointing and alarm-viewing set of planks is as unnecessary and time- wasting as gilding the lily. If there had to be a platform this Amalga- mated Association of Coolidge Com- rades would vastly havg preferred to take ten or a dozen of his pungent aphorisms and let it go at that “Keep Coolidge” reads the legend on the official convention buttons. That's enough of a platform for the delegates, a thousand strong and more, who will nominate him with a whoop on Thursday. But there are other considerations that weighed in the drafting of the somewhat volu- minous platform twhich the conven- tion will be asked to adopt. The su- preme task that confronted its build- ers was to make a platform on which could stand both Calvin Coolidge and" the Republican leaders who lately de- fied his major policies in Congress. Coolidge and those leaders differed in Washington. But, if victory is to perch on Republican banners in 1924 they must not differ at Cleveland. So the problem was to saw and measure planks strong and logical enough to give all concerned a secure foothold. The architects and carpenters thini they have done that, or will have done it by the time the last tinkering is over with. It has proved no child’s play. How to reconcile congressional opposition to the President on the tax program. immigration, the bonus and the world court’ with Coolidge's views has taxed the ingenuity of even a lawyer of Charles Bereher Warren's skill The happy medium appears to have been found, for it i3 asserted that alk differences will be ironed out in the resolutions committee. with no pros- pect of wrangling on the floor of the convention. Progressives to File Report. The La Follette delegation from. ‘Wisconain will submit a minority re- port. It will contain the “progree-; sive” program, which will be de- soribed as the only kind of Republif can doctrine which Wisconsin recog- nizes But the Coolidge-Warren Smoot platform will be accepted by virtoally the same overwhelmin vote ready to be cast for the Presi-g dent’s nomination. 3 These may be set down as practi cal platform certainties: 1. Virtual ignoring of the thorny oonus issue, on the ground that ad- justed compensation has become laws and passed from the domain of cont troversy. 2 2. No argumentative discussion of the Mellon tax program. such as could be interpreted as a breach betwee the President who favored it and th Republicans = who _co-operated _ini& smashing it. The platform wili con~ tent itself with acclaiming and enu- merating the Republican administra. tion’s record of economy and rededi- i cating itself to the program of tax reduction. i No Anti-Klam Plank. 3. No anti-Ku Klux Klan plank. 4. No light wines and beer plank or any plank suggesting modifica- /' tion of the Volstead law. The plat: |, form will call for a policy of rigid law enforcement. 5. Advocacy of American entry into the world court on the lines| proposed by President Coolidge and ' Secretary Hughes, with phraseolog- ical concessions regarding our com- tinued boycott of the league of na- tions, such as will appease the. Lodge-Pepper anti-league senatorial . group. 1 6. Ardent assertion of the Repub- llean party's determination to help ' the farmer as soon as some soundi and acoeptable plan can be worked out, coupled with a subtie suggestion ||, that the farmer should begin to heln, himself, by crop diversification and other methods. # It has been Mr. Coolidge's desire toll| have something said about Japanese i exciusion in the platform, of a na- tare that would nrvnm-u Japan. but ST of that SRt 1t wades ex” wan --.Sn- the bonus, to be of & definitely closed -incident. -