Evening Star Newspaper, May 30, 1924, Page 4

4 THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., FRIDAY MAY 30, 1924 e ———————— e High Lights in President’s Speech Our country cannot exist on the renunciation of the heroic souls AMERICANS IN PARIS HONOR DEAD IN WAR !Ation"lc.lhban, Reserve Officers and Others Take Part in Ceremonies. TRIBUTE TO FRENCH HERO Embassy Officials Lay Wreath on Tomb of Unknown Poilu. By the Associated Press. PARIS, May 30.—The olive drab uniforms of American veterans group- ed about the Arc De Triomphe at noon brought back to onlookers the jublles year after the armistice, when American troops played so prominent 2 part in the celebration of the Amer- fcan national Memorial day in France. After today’s services in the Amer- ican Episcopal Pro-Cathedral and the American Protestant and Cathollc churches the members of the Ameri- can colony, including many reserve officers spending their holidays here, gathered at France's national shrine n order that the Unknown Soldler should not seem to be forgotten by his comrades in arms honoring their own dead. Two platoons of French infantry and two of the Republican Guard lined the approach to the tomb as the American Leglon's color guard advanced and took up w position be- fore the memorial Then Sheldon Whitehoute, counselor of the Ameri- can embassy, representing Ambassa- dor Herrick, accompanied by the mili- tary and naval attaches, lald a wreath at the feet of the sleeping poilu. while the guard of honor presented arms. Afterward wreaths from the American Legion, the American Wom- en's Club, Golden Gate Post of the legion, from California, and other organizations, were deposited on the shrine. Capt. Rene L/Hopital, aide to Mar- hal Foch. presented a wreath on be- half of the marshal, and a bevy of generals represented the French gov- ernment and the army, which lent the famous band of the Republican Guard for the pro-cathedral service, at which the national anthems and the “Dead March,” from “Saul,” were ren- dered. Rev. Frederick W. Beekman, dean of the pro-cathedral. officiated at the service there, afterward donning his 014 uniform of a chaplain and leading the mourning worshipers to the arch. NATION’S VALOROUS DEAD PAID TRIBUTE IN ARLINGTON RITES (Continued from First Page.) line of the Garnd Army of the Repub- lic led the procession on its short march. Gray haired and_faltering in step, the last survivors of the galiant vouths who followed Grant to victory in '64 carried gamely on. Some lean- ed heavily upon canes, several helped along by young men, & sc few marched with something like the precision that marked their gallant charge into battle. Two hundred were in line—just fifty-two less than answered roll call last year. They have answered the bugle’s summons 10 assembly in their eternal camp. The procession moved at half-step out of deference to the men of the Grand Army. Promptly at 10 o'clock United States Marine Band playing the familiar strains of “The Battle Hymn of the Republic.” It was a touching con- trast to the tingling crash of “Over There,” the war tune the Army Band played as it led the hosts of the American Legion. Many Bodies Represented. Virtually every veteran organiza- tion of the nation's wars since the atrife of 1512 was repregented In the procession. The line of march tol- lows: Police escort, Marine Band and the staff officers of the Grand Army of the Republic, Capt. John Middleton, chief marshal; Department Command- er Briscoe Goodhart, department offi- vers and past department command- ers, Christian B. Dickey of John A. Rawlins Post; John McElroy of Kit Carson Post; James H. Perkins of Lincoin Post: E. C. Grumley of Phil Sheridan Post: Harry T. Dunbar of Burnside Post; Waller C. Butler of Lafayette Post. The Boy Scout Band, followed by the United Spanish War Veterans, led by Department Commander James J. Murphy, department officers and offi- cial staff and posts 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7. 9 and 10; the Army and Navy Union, commanded by Arthur J. Hogan: gar- risons Nos. 104 and ¢; Veterans of Forelgn Wars, Lieut. Kenneth L. Coontz, commander; posts Nos. 127, 284, 427, 824, 833 and 983; the Ameri can Legion, Paul J. McGat ment commander; Posts 4.5,6,7.8,9,10,11, 1 Other Posts Annixi Charles Sumner Post and Grurg Thomas Post of the Grand Ainiy the Republic were assigned to Me- morial day duties at cemeteries other than Arlington and were not in the procession. Arriving at _ Arlington, the veterans detrained and marched to the tomb of the Unknown Soldler. There wreathe were placed upon the tomb in the name of every soldier and saflor who fought for the United States. whether he fell in the glory of battle or passed on later. The touching ceremonies at Arling- ton were typical of similar services held in virtually every cemetery in Washington. Carrylng out time- honored traditions, services were held at the national cemetery at the Sol- diers’ Home, Battle Ground national cemetery, Congressional cemetery, Holy Rood and Oak Hill cemeterie: Glenwood, Prospect Hill and St Mary's cemeteries, Mount Olivet cemetery and Harmony cemetery. Special services were held by the indlvidual veteran organizations fol- lowing the general ceremonial in the amphitheater under the auspices of the Grand Army of the Republic. The National American War Mothers held services of their own, and Rev. H. H. D. Sterrett, formerly chaplain of the 33a Division, led services held by the American Legion before the Flan- ders Cross. G. A. R. HEADS EXERCISES. The committee on Memorial day exercises is headed by the depart- ment officers, Grand Army of the Re- public, and is composed of officers of Loyal Legion, Sons of Veterans, Army and Navy Union, United Spanish War Veterans, Veterans of Foreign Wai the American Legion and auxiliaries of these bodies. The members fol- low: Department officers, Grand Army of the Republic — Department Com- mander. Briscoe Goodhart, Senior Vice Department Commander H. B. Moulton, Junior Vice Department Commander” F. W. Archibald, Medi- cal Director James McKee, ‘M. D. Chaplain Rev. R. E. McBride, Ass| tant Adjutant General O. H. Oldroyd, Assistant Quartermaster General E. D. Qudfrey, Patriotic Instructor F. J. Youn Past department command- ers—George E. Corson, Harrison Dingman, Jerome B. Burke, J. M. Pipes, A. F. Dinsmore, S. E. Faunce, John McElroy, Thomas S. Hopkins, George H. Slaybaugh, A. P. Tasker, B. P. Entrikin, Newton Ferree, Henry A. Johnson, Thomas H. McKee, L. H. Patterson, A. H. Frear, S. G. Mawson, H. B. Snyder, Harrison L. Deam, John W. Reid. Past senior vice depart- ‘ment commanders—Ames F. Medford, J. H, Howlett, Frederic W. Archibald. Past junior vice department command- ers—J. H. Jochum, Hazard Wheeler. Commanders—C. B. Dickey, Post No. 1 John McRBiroy, Post No. 2; James H. Perkins, Post No. 3; H. Grumley, Post No. 6; Harry T. Dunbar, Post No, &; Nelson J. Booker, No. 9; Thomas B, Trees Planted Throughout U. S. In Honor of Dead Memorial tree planting and dedication programs at those planted In former years was a feature of Memorial day exercises "in tbousards of places in the United States, says a: statement today by the American Tree As- soclation, which registers all tree plantings on a national honor roll. Forty Clara Barton memorial trees planted by members of the National First Ald Association in various parts of the country were registered with the association to- day. These include trees planted at the U. 8. Naval Academy, An- napolis, by Rear Admiral Henry B. Wilson; two trees at Arlington, Mass.; one'tree here, on the Lincoln Memorial site; one at San Fran- clsco, Calif., and one tree at Mc- Alester, Okla., by the Boy Scouts. The American Legion and the * Daughters of the American Revolu- tion, the Tree Association officials say, have Memorial day tree pro- grams under way in many parts of the country. PERSHING DECLARES PREPAREDNESS VITAL Calls Memorial Service “Sham” Unless Nation Profits by Lessons of War. SPEAKER AT CAMP MERRITT Attends Dedication of Monument Erected to Heroes. By the Ansociated Press CAMP MERRITT, N. J, May 30— Memorial ceremonies would be a “meaningless sham” if the American people did not intend to profit by the bitter lessons of the war, Gen. Pershing declared in a prepared ad- dress here today at exercises attend- ing the dedication of a monument erected in memory of those who died at Camp Merritt during the war. “Here, under the stress of emer- gency many for the first time had to learn the most elementary lessons of obedlence,” Gen. Pershing said. “Here, in a few crowded days or hours, they faced the most trying coucentration of administrative de- tail and olassification under adverse circumstances. But Camp Merritt was only one example of the resuit of inadequate preparation during peace to meet the exigencles ot war, a fact all too forcibly borne in upon the minds of our troops as time went on Homors War Heroes. “What must have been the feelings of uncertainty of these young. un- tralued and untried officers and men as they wrote their final farewells to family and friends and bravely set out on their crusade for civilization? How often must each have wished for better knowledge of his duties and his task. “All honor to these patriotic men, but shame be upon ifs as & people for the serlous lack of foresight that during the first year of the wart re- sulted in such an utter absence of plan_or system. “Shall we, then, grasp the im- portance of some provision? Shall we profit by the lessons of all our wars, lessons most vividly presented during the world war, still fresh in our minds? Or shall we continue to indulge in false hope and vain de- lusion and allow ourselves to drift back into the old attitude of inertia? “If we are not to take counsel to- gether as to the future, then our meeting here today is a meaningless cham, our sentiments for those we mourn insincere and we shall be un- worthy as a people of the heritage their sacrifices have saved for us.” —eeeeee Crisp, Post No. 15; W. C. Butler, Post No, 20. Representatives of the posts ZJohn Finn. John Middieton, Jere- miah Wilt, Milton J. Hull, Charles H. Babbitt, Alexander Oglesby, James W. Hughes, Edgar 1. Booraem. Loyal Legion—Past National Com- mander John L. Clem, major general, United States Army, retired. Sons of Veterans—Senior Vice Divi- sion Commander James W. Lyons, Di- vision Secretary Francls L. Cross, Commander, Lincoln Camp, No. 2, Harry Willlams: Commander, Harding Camp, No. 5, John Edwin Stark; Commander, Cushing Camp, No. 80, John L. Bateman. Army and Navy Union—Commander, President's Own Garrison, Arthur J. Hogan; Commander, Gen. Guy V. Henry Garrison, James E. Ennis. Tnited Spanish War Veterans— Department Commander James J. Murphy, Department Adjutant Harry 1. Coulter; commanders—Miles Camp, No. 1, Arthur Berthlaume: Harden Camp, No. 2, Willlam E. Rink; Pettit Camp, No. 3, Lemuel D. Jones; Law- ton Camp, No. 4, Stuart Hilder; Astor Camp, No. 6, David H. Davidson; Dewey Naval Camp, No. 7. Willlam J. O'Donnell; Urell Camp, No. 9, Anton Brem; Sergt. Berry Camp, No. 10, Charles W. Addelle. Veterans of Foreign Wars—Depart- ment Commander Lieut. Kenneth L. Coontz, Department Adjutant Edwin S. Bettelheim, jr.; commanders—Na- tional Capital Post, Val. N. Brando, Fquality Water Reed Post, Myron Smith; Admiral Peary Post, William Homer Carroll; Federal Post. W. D. Rooney; Columbia Post, W. Lawrence Hazard; East Washington Post, D, Kull; Potomao Post, August F. Laufer. The American Legion—Department Commander Paul J. McGahan, Depart- ment Adjutant T. N. Templeton, Com- manders Lew 8. Mohler, George Washington Post, No. 1; Helen G. O'Nelll, Jacob Jones Post, No. 2; Emily J. Carey, Belleau Wood Post, No. Joseph W. Rabbitt, Robley D. Eva Post, No. 4; George H. Rycraw, James Reese Europe Post, No. 5; Alice M. Prentiss, Jane A. Delano Post, No. 6; Wiley M. Fuller, McGroarty-0'Connell Post, No. 7; Alfred McChesney, Ken- neth’ H. Nash Post, No. §; H. L. Wil- son, Lafayette Post, No. 9; Charles L. Riemer, Stuart Walcott Post, No. 10; Charles Wetzell, Quentin Roose- veit Post. No. 11; Fred Livingston, Henry C. Spangler Post, No. 12; Ralph J. Cusick, Sergeant Jasper Post, No. 13; E, J. Lefterts, Vincent B. Costello Post, No. 16; Sam W. Stinemets, Hiram F. Cash Post, No. 16: F. A, Awl, Lin- coln Post, No. 17; J. Miller Kenyo: Augustus P. Gardner Post, No. 1 Frank L. Peckham, Tank Corps Pos No. 19: Capt. John H. Cralge, Pre Club Post, No. 20; Norman B. Land- reauy, Cooley-McCullough Post, No. 22; Charles B. Ladson, Bureau of En- graving and Printing Post, No. 2. E. W. Jordon, 312th Machine Gun Battallon Post, No. 24; Bernard S. Buscher, George E. Killeen Post, No. 25; West A. Hamilton, James E. Walker Post, No. 26; Joseph J. Idle: Edward Douglas White Post, No. 2 W. O. Barrett, Carry On Post, No. 2 L. De Reef, Folton Post No. 29; John I oI PRk Harding Post, 0. 30. Press and invitation—John McEl- soy, chairman; Willlam L. Mattocks, J. Clinton Hiatt, Watson B. Miller, John Lewis Smith, Gen. Anton Stephan. Reception — Henry A. Johnson, chairman; H. B. Snyder, Frank J. Young, Maj. T. V. Walker, George H. Slaybaugh, James A. Drain, C. O. Howard, John L. Clem, Harry F. Pai terson, George L. Tait, Col. E. Lester Jories, James W. Lyon: Flowers—Adolph Schippert, chairman; Harrison L. Deam and O. A. C. Oehmler. Musio—Lemuel Warner, chairman; A. H. Frear, Jam . Lyons and Dr. Adelbert A. Taylor. Ti-nmrssuon-wcvuno: l}vtnm“. ‘man; Jeremiah Tay- League, Clatborn 8. 1o ur H. Close, Joseph J. Stein, A. S. Jmirle, WILSON CRYPT SCENE OF VETERANS’ TRIBUTE P Wreath . Plated -in ' Bethlchem Chapel by Members of American Legion. CROWD THERE DESPITE RAIN Service Is Intended to Be Held Annually Hereafter. The American Legion honored the memory of Woodrow Wilson yester- day at sundown when a delegation from the Department of the District of Columbla, with appropriate cere- monies, placed a wreath on the tomb of the former President. A detach- ment of soldiers, sailors and marines marched into Bethlehem Chapel, In the National Cathedral, and before the crypt wherein lies the body of the late President the services were read from the seventh and twenty- second chapters of Revelation by Rev. H. K. Fulton, pastor of North- minster Presbyterian Church, depart- ment chaplain of the American Legion of the District. Notwithstanding the inclemency of the weather there were several hun- dred persons present. The wreath was placed by Paul J. McGahan, commander of the District Department of the American Leglon, with the brief announcement that the token came from his fellow legion- naires, for the late President was a member of George Washington Post, No. 1, of this city. It was the in- Ruguration of what is intended to be an annual pilgrimage on the eve of Memorial day by local leglonnaires Veterans Homor Guard. The guard of honor of leglonnaires, in uniform and with department flags, included Harry E. Smith, E. J. Lef ferts. Charles Kohen, G. W. Hag gerty, J. H. Allen, M. J. Haddick and A. R.’Thompson. 'Willlam F. Frank- lin, senior vice commander of the Dis- trict Department, was chairman of the Memorial day commttee and was in_charge of the ceremonies. In his prayer concluding the serv- ices Chaplain Fulton said: “O God, the Father of mercies, from whom cometh every good and perfect gift, who hast given to this nation many noble and devoted leaders, we remember before Thee at this time the soul of Thy servant Woodrow Wilson. We give thanks to Thee for his Christlan faith and life and for the mighty service Thou didst enable him to render to his country and to mankind. Lifted Standard High. “In the hour of world conflict, when this nation needed a leader who knew the way, Thou didst raise him up_and richly endow him in mind, personality and character; Thou didst reveal to him our nation’s high place of service in the affairs of men; Thou didst enable him to lift up a standard of natlonal leadership, which, we pray, may never be low- ‘As we stand by his grave we lift our hearts in earnest prayer for the peace of the world, for the concord of nations, for the brotherhood of m: 'On this day that commemorates the ascension of our Lord Jesus Christ_to the throne of glory, we blees Thee for the certainty of vic- tory to the cause of right and for the eternal honor Thou dost award to all those who through faith in Thee give their lives for justice and truth.” Sam W. Stelnmetz, William G. Jonnte- son and William F. Franklin Finance—Henry A. Johnson, chair- man: A. J. Kimmel, vice chairman O. H. Oldroyd, secretary: E. D. God frey, treasurer; John McElroy, m- uel G. Mawson, Harry F. Patterson, Alvin D. Hathaway, Joseph J. Stein, Watson B, Miller, John L. Bateman, John Lewls Smith, James A. Drain, Charles W. McCaffrey, Jahn Finn, Abram Myers, H T. Dunbar. Assistants to the flnance commit- tee—Grand Army of the Republic, Charles Sumner Post, Department of Potomac, Nelson J. Booker, Richard Johnson, W. H. FletchergA. C. Wash- ington, J. H. Stmma and J. E. Quan- der: United Spanish War Veterans, Department of District of Columb! John W. Kemmerling, Harry F. Pat terson, J. Farnu, Edward Nolan, Ter- rance ‘Fielder, Albert Michaud, John Murphy and Charles E. Currier; American Veterans of Lineal Descent (Greeks), H. J. Photes, G. J. Demas, 8. Demas, G. Placos and V. I. Chebit- bus; Veterans of Foreign Wars of District of Columbia, Capt. R. C. Muschley, Danlel J. Leahy, W. D. Rooney und F. A. Livingston; Ameri- can Legion, Départment of District of Columbia, Ralph Cusick, H. S. Fiske, F. A. Awl, Frank L. Peckham, T. V. Walker and William F. Army and Navy Union, - trict of Columbi . C. 0. Howard and C. L. ; Sons of Unlon Veterans of the Maryland Division. J. L. aBteman, F. A. De Groot, H. M. Willilams, L. K. Nismonger and K. D. Buker; George Berry Camp, United States War Veterans, Charles W. Ad- delle, J. F. Taylor, Mathew Murdock, Edward Mason, John R. Hayes gnd T. P. Alston; Thomas Camp, nited States War Veterans, A. L. Hays, Richard Simmons, J, H. M. Graham, Maj. John Anderson, George M. Black- burn. James Reése Europe Post, American Legion, Commander Alex- ander Mann; James E. Walker Post, American Legion, Maj. W. A. Hamil- ton, commander. Collectors for the various patriotic organizations of women of the Dis- trict of Columbia, Mrs. Elizabeth Shaw, general director in charge of all organizations of woman: Group 1, Women's Rellef Corps- yrele M. Loebsack, Charlotte M. Cary, Carrie M. Gury, Melis: Crowell, Mary E. Bowen, Mary Van Ness Fauth, Lida A. Oldroyd, Marion B. Parker, Myrtle Worrell Bickles, Augusta B, Paimer, Maude Hanna, Rosalle McK. Shelton, Mamie Palmer Dorsey, Isabel Bontsz, Margaret Bradt. Group 2, Daughters of Veterans—Etolle A. Albright, Katle Guiton, Lillian Guiton, Anna Hage, C. A. Eckers, Anna_Horn, E. Helen Temple, Jennie L. Hamilton, Emma L. Deam, Cora B. Davis, Mrs. Gardner. Group 3, Ladies of the Grand Army Esther M. Sloss, Laura A. Lemmon, Susie Kunsman, Beatrice E. Deeds, Mary S. Parker, Olive C. Johnson, Emma Hemple, Emma Hayward, An- nie Power. Group 4, Sons of Vet- erans’ Auxillary—Louise Watson, Isa- belle Champion, Mabel D. Gates, Helen Downing, Mary H. Wingate, Jennle Aellder, Minnie Barr, Bethsheba Mec- Leon, 1da Stand. Group 5, Spanish War ' Auxillaries—Frances 'M. Van Allen, Emma Lovett, Rosa Wells, Irene Orange, Jessie Penn, Jane Hud- low, Margaret Burns, Alice Fletcher, Louise Moore, Sophie Lewis, Mrs. A. Kimmel, Rose Vernon, Edna Summer- fleld, Bertha Cook. Group 6, Lineal Soclety, Spanish War — Katherine Sadle W. Coulter, Ethel A. Katherine Lawson, Hannah Anna Fielder, Jeannette Mc : ', Mrs. Shuster, Mrs. Davi Hilda Flelder. Group 7, Auxillary Veterans of Foreign Wars—Margaret Jacobson, Lola F. Heise, Elsie Miller, Margaret Headstone, Nina Fisher. Group_8, Auxillaries, American Le- glon—Roberta E, Fawcett, Ruth Tem- pleton, Eva Twyman, Mary Killeen, Beulah Waller. Group 9, under super- vision of Mrs. Julla West Hamilto O. P. Morton Corps, No. 1, Woman' Rellef Corps, Annle 8. Taylor, Julla C. Coliler, Julfa Mason Layton, Annie E. De Vaul, Elizier B. Davis. Charles Sumner Corps, No. 3, Women's Relief Corps—Harriet H. Beason, Jennie E. Barnes, Ocea Parker, Ella N. Boston Virginia Berry Auxiliary, Spanish Wi Susie E. Adelle, Georgla Davi Josephine Alston, Ruth E. 50]6, B tie Messenber| Eva Allingsworth Auxiliary, Spanish War, Lucy Col Sarah E. Holmes, Mattie Taylor, Rosa. Spencer, Annle M. Lucas; James Rees: Europe Auxill of American Le- lon, Katie Goodioe, Henrletta Boone, ra Young, Fannle Wedge, Ida Jor- dan. Auditing—John W. Reid, chal: H Robert Armour, F. W. Arelllhnl‘?‘“ Decorations and unds—Robert R. Dye, superintendent, Arlington cemetery, chairman, ;- e 4 & A, of. the past. thé most exalted office cannot be salary. * & Publio service from the action of the humblest voter to made a mere matter of hire and * % More than u year ago President Harding proposed that the Senate should authorize our adherence to the protocol of the Permanent Court of International Justice, with certain conditions. His suggestion has already had my approval. other resarvations, Oon that I stand. I should not oppose but any material changes which would not probably recelve the consent of the many other nations would be impracticable. % %k * ¥ ‘Whatever differences, whatever perils exist for us in the world will come anyway, whether we oppose or support the court. * ok * We are not going to be able to avold meeting the world and. bearing our part of the burdens of the world. For my part, I desire my country to meet them without evasion and without fear in an upright, downright, square, American way. * % I believe in the maintenance of an Army and Navy, aggression, but for defense. * * to become parties to mutual covenants * ¥ not for * The ideal would be for nations limiting their military establishments and making it obvious that they are not maintained to menace each other. * ¥ * % That action which in the long run is for the advantage of the individual, as it is for the support of our Union, is best summed up in a single word—renunclation. ] * * When each citizen submits himself to the authority of law he does not thereby decrease his independence or freedom, but, rather, increases it. % You soldiers of the republic * enrolled under her banner that through your sacrifices there might be an atonement for the evils of your day. * % * * We need a more definite realization that all of our country must stand or fall together, and that it is the duty of the government to promote the welfare of each part and the duty of the citizen to re- member that he must be first of all an American. * % Our prime allegiance must be to the whole country. * ¥ A sentiment of sectionalism is not harmless because it is unarmed. World Court Cut From League Held Plan Unworthy of U. S. (Continued from First Page.) to be an Individual. The fundamen- tal question was then, is now, and always will be, through what adjust- ments, by what actlons, these prin- ciples may be applied. Need Actiom in Common. “It needs but very little considera- tion to reach the conclusion that all of these terms are relative, not abso- lute, in their application to the af- fairs of this earth. There is no abs lute and complete soverelgnty for a state, nor absolute and complete In- dependence and freedom for an in- dividual. It happened in 1861 that the states of the north and the south were 50 fully agreed among them- elves that they were able to com- bine against each other. But sup- posing each state of the Unlon should undertake to make its own decisions upon all questions, and that all held divergent views. 1f such a condition were carried to its logical conclu- slon, each would come into conflict with all the others, and a condition would arise which could only result in mutual destruction. It is evident that this would be the antithesis of state sovereignty. Or suppose that each individual in the assertion of his own independence and freedom un- dertook to act in entire disregard of the rights of others. The end would be likewise mutual destruction, and no one would be independent and no one would be free. Yet these are conflicts which have gone on ever since the organization of society into government, and they are going on now. To my mind this was funda- mental_of the conflict which broke out in 1861, “The thirteen colonies were not unaware of the difficulties which these problems presented. We shall find_a_great deal of wisdom In the methed by which they dealt with When they were finally sepa- from Great Britain the alle- glance of their citizens was not to the nation, for there was none. It was to the states. For the conduct of the ar thero had been a voluntary con- federacy, loosely constructed and practically impotent. Continuing after peace was made, when the common peril which had been its chief motive no longer existed, it grew weaker and weaker. Each of the states could have insisted on an entirely separate and independent existence, having full authority over both their internal and external af- fairs, sovereign in every way. But such sovereignty would have been a vain and empty thing. It would have been unsupported by adequate re- sources either of property or popu- lation, without a real national spirit, ready to fall prey to foreign intrigue or foreign conquest. Larger Leyalty Desired. That kind of sovereignty meant but little. It had no substance in it. The people and thelr leaders naturally sought for a larger, more inspiring ideal. They realized that while to be a citizen of a state meant something, it meant a great deal more if that state were a part of a national union. The estab- lishment of a federal Constitution giving power and authority to create 2 real national government did not in the end mean a detriment, but rather an increment to the sover- eignty of the several states. Under the Constitution thers was brought into being a new relatlonship, which did not detract from, but added to, the power and the position of each state. It is true that they surrendered the privilege of performing certain acts for themselves, like the regula- tion of commerce and the mainte- nance of forelgn relations, but in be- coming a part of the Union they re- ceived more than they gave. “The same thing applies to the in- dividual in organized soclety. When each citizen submits himself to the authority of law he does not thereby decrease his independence or freedom, but rather increases it. By recogniz- ing that he is a part of a larger body, which is banded together for & co mon purpose, he becomes more than an individual, he rises to a new dig- nity of cltizenship. Instead of find- ing himself restricted and confined by rendering obedience to publio law, he finds himself protected and defended and In the exercise of increased and increasing rights. It is true that as civilization becomes more complex it is necessary to surrender more and more the freedom of action and live more and more according to the rule of public regulation, but it also true that the rewards and tI privileges which come to a member of organized society increase in & 111 greater proportion. Primitive life has its freedom and its attraction, but the observance of the restrictions of modern civilization enhances the privileges of living a thousandfold. Perhaps 1 have said enough to in- dicate the great advantages that ac- crue to all of us by the support and maintenance of our government, the continuation of the functions of leg- islation, the administration of justice and the execution of the laws. ~There can be no substitute for these, no se- curing of greater freedom by their downfall and fallure, but only disor- anization, suffering and want, and nal destruction. All that we have of rights accrue from the govern- ment under which we live. Union’s Benefits Conceded. “In these days little need exists for extolling_the biessings of our Federal Union. Its benefits are known and recognized by all its citisens who are worthy of serious attention. No ome thinks now_of attempting to destroy the Union by armed force. No one seriously considers withdrawing from it. But it Is not enough that it should be free from attack—it must be ap- proved and supported by a natiomal spirit. Our prime allegisnce must be to w‘oh country. A uall:ut of it is ll.::’:‘.-“ o o eous m of. innocent becsuse it panted by secession. We need a more definite rexlization that all of our country must stand or fall together, and that it is the duty ef the govern- ment to promote the welfare of each part and the duty of the citizen to remember hat he must be first of all an American. “Only one conclusion appears to me possible. We shall not promote our welfare by a narrow and short- sighted policy. We can gain nothing by any destruction of government or soclety. That action which in the long run {s for the advantage of the indlividual, as It is for the support of our Union, {s best summed up in a single word—renunciation. It s only by surrendering & certaln amount of our liberty, only by taking on new duties and ‘assuming new obligations, that we make that progress which we characterize as civilization. It is only in like manner that the citizens and the states can maintain our Fed- eral Unlon, and become partakers of its glory. That s the answer to every herald of discontent, and to every preacher of destruction. While this is understood, American institu- tions and the American Union are se- cure. Citisen Peer of Kings. “This principle cannot be too defi- nitely or emphatically proclaimed. American citizenship is a high estate. He who holds it s the peer of kings. It has been secured only by untold toll and effort. It will be maintained by no other method. It demands the best that men and women have to give. But it llkewlse awards to Its partakers the best that there is on earth. To attempt to turn it into a thing of ease and inaction would be only to debase it. To cease to strug- gle and toil and sacrifice for it is not only to cease to be worthy of it, but is to start a retreat toward barbar- ism. No matter what others may say, no matter what others may do, this Is the stand that those must maintain who are worhy to be called Ameri- cans. “But that great struggle was car- ried on by those whom this day is set apart to commemorate, not only for the preservation of the Union. The authority of the federal govern- ment had been resisted by armed force. They were also striving to re- store peac It must be remembered that our republic was organized, to avold and discourage war, and to pro- mote and establ! peace. It {8 the leading characteristic of our national holidays that they are days of peace. The ways of our people are the ways of peace. They naturally seek ways to make peace more secure. “It is not to be inferred that it would be anything less than court- ing national disaster to leave our country barren of defense. Human nature is a very constant quality. While there is justification for hop- ing and believing that we are mov- ing toward perfection. it would be tdle and absurd to assume that we have already reached it. We cannot disregard history. There have been and will be domestic disorders. There have been and will be tenden- cles of one nation to encroach on another. I believe in the mainte- nance of an army and navy, not for aggression, but for defense. Se- curity and order are our most valu: able possessions. They are cheap a any price. But I am opposed to every kind of military aggrandizement and to all forms of competitive armament. The ideal would be for nations to become parties to mutual covenants limiting their military establishments and making it obvious that they are not maintained to menace each other. This ideal should be made practical as fast as possible. New Chance for Service. “Our nation has associated itself with other great powers for the pur- pose of promoting peace in the re- glons of the Pacific Ocean. It has steadily refused to accept the cove- nant of the league of nations, but long before that was thought of, before the opening of the present century, we were foremost in promoting the call- ing of a conference at The Hague to provide for a tribunal of arbitration for the settlement of international dispute: ‘We have made many treaties on that basis with other na. tions. “But we have an opportunity be fore us to reassert our desire and to lend the force of our example for the peaceful adjudication of differ- ences between nations. Such action would be in entire harmony with the policy which we have long advocated. I do not look upon it as & certain gusrantee against war. but it would e a method of disposing of trouble- some questions, an accumulation of ‘which leads to irritating conditions and results in mutually hostile senti- ments. More than & x. r ago Presi- dent Harding proposed that the Sen- ate should authorize our adherence to the protocol of the Permanent Court of International Justice, with certain conditions. His suggestion has already had my approval. On that I stand. T should not oppose other reservations, but any material changes which would ' not probably receive the consent of the many other nations would be impractioable. We cannot take a step in advance of this kind without assuming certain obli- gain, if we receive surrender some- ce the question candidly, and if we are will- ing to assume these new dutes in ex for the benefits which ‘would accrue to us let us say so. If we are not willing let us say that can accomplish nothing by taking a_doubtful or ambiguo position. ‘We are not going to be able to avoid meeting the world and bearing our rt of the burdens of the world. ‘e _must m those burdens and grercome them or they will meet us and overcome my part I de- sire my country to meet them with- out evasion And without fear in an upright, downright, square, American attach great weight to their argu- ments. Whatever differences, what- ever perils exist for use in the world ‘will come anyway, whether we oppose or support the court. I am one of those who belleve we would be safer and that we would be meeting our duties better by making every p ble use of it. feel confident that such action would make a greater America, that it would be productive of & higher and finer n irit and of a more complete national life. “It is these two thoughts of union and peace which appear to me to be elxsel-lly appropriate for our con- sideration on this day. Like all else in human experience, they are not things which can be set apart and have an independent existence. They exist by reason of the concrete ac- tions of men and women. It is the men and women whose actions be- tween 1861 and 1865 gave us union and peace that we are met here this day to commemorate. When we seek for the chief characteristic of those actlons we come back to the word which I have already uttered—renun- ciation. They gave up ease and home and safety, and braved every impend- ing danger and mortal peril that they might accomplish these ends. They thereby became in this republic a body of citizens set apart and marked for every honor so long as our nation shall endure. Here on this wooded eminence, overlooking the Capital of the country for which they fought, many of them repose, officers of high rank and privates mingling in a common dust, holding the common veneration of a grate- ful people. e heroes of other wars lle with them, and in a place of great pre-eminence lies one whose identity is unknown, save that he was a soldler of this repub- lic who fought that its ideals, its institutions, its liberties might be perpetuated among men. A grat ful country holds all these servic as her most priceless heritage, to be cherished forevermore. Cannot Live in Past. “We can testify to these opinions, not by our words, but by our action: Our country cannot exist on the re- nunclation of the heroic souls of the past. Public service, from the ac- tion of the humblest voter to the most exalted office, cannot be ma & mere matter of hire and salary. The supporters of our institutio must be inspired by & more dom nant motive than a conviction that their actions are going to be profit- le. We cannot lower our stand- ards to what we think will pay, but we must raise them to what we think s right. It is only in that direction that we shall find true pa- triotism. It is only by that method that we can maintain the rights of the Individual, the soverelgnty of the states, the integrity of the Unton, the permanency of peace and the weifare of mankind. You sol- dters of the republic enrolled under her banner that through your sacri- fices there might be an atonement for the evils of your day. That is the standard of- citizenship for all time. It is the requirement which must_be met by those who hold pub- Ile place. That must be the ideal of those who are worthy to share in the glory which you have given to the name of America, the ideal of those who hold feilowship with Washington and Lincoln. HONOR HERO GRAVES. American Veterans of Hellenic De- scent Pay Memorial Day Tribute. The American Veterans of Hellenic Descent bowed 'before the tombs of the Unknown Soldier and their Com- rade Dilboy in Avlington and with briet ceremonies placed wreaths upon them. Soterios Nicholson. epeaking for the veterans, sald: “We render the tribute of reverence to you and those that lle with you in these grounds— the martyrs in defense of the Union as well a5 those that have fallen with you in the great struggle to uphold the power of democracy. In the flelds of duty you have written the history with your heroio and patriotic ef- forts: you have recorded your last supreme sacrifice for the cause of freedom.” American Legion Post 23 Services. The Bureau of Engraving and Print- ing Post, No. 23, American Legion, held ite Memorial day services in the rotunda of the bureau at 1 p.m. yes- terday, In honor of two of its com- rades, James R. Coggins and Thomas Slattery. The principal speakers were the divector, Maj. Wallace W. Kirby, and Col. Leroy Herron. Maj. C. Trow- bridge Tittman rendered solos. Comrade Leo Greene blew taps. —————— Jigsaw puzzles are returning to popularity: some of the newest con- fain anything up to 500 pleces, and take even an expert a week to plece together. MAJOR: H. ROBB OPTICIAN 1633 H STREET N.W. TRANSFORTATION BLDG. PHONE MAIN 7628 Desirable Office Space FOR RENT in Commercial National Bank Building 14th and G Sts. N.W. Apply to Superintendent 5N New Kind of Soap for Men Checks All Body Odors Here is a simple, casy way for men to correct the eml fault of iration and body odors. - of men are offending with these odors and do not know it. Every Trace of Odor Gone for 36 Hours Amwdmh“mfiua extract has the marvelous , removing and preventing Throngs Pay Tribute to M emory Of Nation’s Dead Presidents Today Annual Pilgrimages to Tombs and Graves of De- ceased Executives Growing More Popular. Wilson’s Crypt Considered a “Mecca.” Pilgrimages to the tombs of Wash- ington, Jackson, Lincoln and Grant have been made by many people for many years, and now three more are added to the list, the burial places of Roosevelt, Harding and Wilson. ‘While there were for many years a seeming neglect on the part of the government to care for the graves of our Presidents, however, in recent years Congress has given more atten- tion to the patriotic task of marking their burial places with memorials worthy of their consplcuous service to the nation. Perhaps the most magnificent me- morials which mark the last resting laces of the Presidents are those in ionor of the three martyred Chief Ex- ecutives who met their death at the hands of assassins, Lineoln Monument. The monument to Abraham Lincoln at Springfield, 111, is one of the most imposing that the untry has erect- l‘.fl. The monuments to Presldents Garfleld and McKinley, respectively, at Cleveland and Canton, Ohlo, are splendid testimonlals to the worth of the men and an inspiration to Ameri- can patriotism. D The tomb of President Grant on Riverside Drive, in New York, is the tribute of an admiring people to a great hero, while other Presidents who were active in the civil war rest in the cemeterles of their home towns with their graves marked with monu- ments commensurate with their high positions. President Hayes is buried at Tremont, Ohio; Arthur, in Albany, N. Y., and Benjamin Harrison at Crown Hill cemetery, at Indlanapolis. For many years the graves of Presidents Willlam Henry Harrison and John Tyler were very much neg- lected, the former at North Bend, Ohto, and the latter at Hollywood cemetery at Richmond, Va. Patriotic Women Acted. For many years Harrison's tomb ected and the small flat E covered over from season to season by weeds, but in recent years patriotic women have restored and cared for the grave of perhaps the only President who was the son of a signer of the Declaration of In- dependence, The elder John and his son, John Quincy Adams, the only case of father and son in the country’s his- tory as Presidents of the nation, lie side by side under the Unitarian Church’ at Quincy, Mass., with tab- lets on either side of the church tell- ing the story of this great man and his distinguished son. Thomas Jefferson, like Washington at Mount Vernon, sleeps in a spot of his own selection at his home, Monticello, under a plain stone, on which is carved an inscription of his own dictation—now familiar his- tory. Mexican War Hero. Zachary Taylor, the Mexican war hero, is buried at the old Taylor homestead near Louisville, Ky. A handsome monument surmounted by a life-size statue stands near the tomb. Millard Fillmore is buried in Forest Lawn cemetery, in Buffalo, N. Y., a plain granite shaft, with the inscription, “Millard Fillmore,” marks his grave, with the date of A Special Offer A Becutiful Picture of Baby 5 | | Business Sale! EVERY RAIN COAT GABARDINE TOPCOAT Will Be Sold at Practically Your Own Price It’s Your Opportunity to Get a Garment at Less Than Wholesale Prices SPECIAL NOTICE All garments laid aside on deposit should be called for by to- morrow evening. OODYEAR MAN'F'G COMPANY 903 F St. N.W. 2 Doors From Cer. of Sth his birth and death. Franklin picros is buried in the Minot metery, in Concord, N. H. The gr: of Gen. Plerce is marked by a beautiful mon« ument of Itallan marble. James By- chanan lies burled in Woodward Hill cemetery, near Lancaster, Pa. and near his former home, Whe; and. James Madison is buried under a granite obellsk at his old home. Montpelier, near Orange, Va. James Monroe died in New York City in 1831 and was buried there, but was removed to Richmond, Vi, in 1558 and rests in Hollywood cemete: Jackson’s Burial Place. Tndrew Jackson s burled at Tie Hermitage, near Nashville, Tenn., under & handsome monument of Te nessee marble. A plain granite sn marks the grave of Martin Van Burer at the cemetery at Kinderhook, N. ¥ Jackson selected Van Buren as his successor in the White House. James K. Polk, the first “dark horse” candidate in American poli- Hes, is buried at the state capital of Tennessee. The graves of Roosevelt, Wilson and the late President Harding have already become the Mecca to which thousands of pilerims visit and each Memorial day will be covered with the floral mementos of a grateful reople who love to honor the mem- ories of the fllustrious dead. Donations Announced. <Tht- following subscriptions to the G. A. R. Memorial day fund have been rocelved and are herewith acknowl- edged by The Evening Star Morris, $5; Cash, $1: 234 Volunteers, $1; T. R H. s: Agnes S Winn = & Guark, 33 T D. Adama, Castwood, $1; Ars, H' Scheriner. $1i 3t 00 ba e Leetch, $1; H. V. Leetch, §2 Among the workers in Chiry 3 Natlonal Park, in Atizona, are muns balanced rocks, some of them thirtv feet high and set on small pivors little more than & foot {n diameter, . Clark SUMMER COTTAGES FOR RENT NACINN slore of beautiful Tppe ndacks; many mprove season: beautifol lounge; also large double rooms with bath 18-Hole Championship Golf Clientele soclall superb _culsine exceptional mj 5 Sceptioeals rcing: batling; canoeing, CERTIFIED MILK Raranac Inn entertains no ome suffering with Address Harrington Mills, THE BIG SALE WAREHOUSE STOCK NEW PIANOS Ends Saturday T. P. CULLEY & SON NEW BABY GRAND PIANOS At Factory Prices $650 Baby Grands....$467 $750 Baby Grands . . . .$565 $650 Player Pianos. .. $327 $450 Upright Pianos. . .$262 Payments $8 Mo. up. GOOD USED PIANOS $100 Upright cut to. .. .$55 $150 Upright cut to. .. $85 $200 Upright cut to...$110 $350 Upright cut to...$145 Payments $5 Mo. up. won: PER WEEK Buys Genune KIMBALLS, EDISONS, VICTORS BRUNSWICKS At Nearly HALF PRICE Your Favorite Make Is Here $10 Great Clearing SALE TOMORROW WORTH OF Records There has nc- cumulated on our fioors a large number of very fine For every dollar you ay up to 10 above the first phonographs, some uscd, some payment we give new odd styles. You a nome _mew fac- tory anmples, and Record Free odd pieces that we whall clear out thix week at remarkable bar- &nin prices. We need the room for our expanding busi- ness. Among this group 3o will find C sole model Note the Cut Prices Below: $15 $39 $57 $68 $87 $108 $97 #30 Table Machine cut to #75 38-inch High Cabinets cut to $100 40-inch High Cabinets cut to $125 42-inch High Cabinets cut to $130 46-inch High Cabinets cut to 8225 46-inch High Cabl nets cut to $150 Console models cut to $200 Console models cut to $125 $300 Console modeln v $175 Payments 75c, $1.00, $1.50 Per Week Up Sale Ends Saturday, Night T. P. Culley & Son 1119 14th St. N.W. Main 3659